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<mods:title id="3DA6B6BD27747E0D9679D4BEA5A690F2">New fossil mussels (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Miocene hydrocarbon seep deposits, North Island, New Zealand, with general remarks on vent and seep mussels</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B60CF94378ED7F3131049BCDC57F911B">Saether, Kristian P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="458F67430341534E324EA9740E62EE76">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46DE4CD8261D480234FA9883030EF0CD">Campbell, Kathleen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71B22AF344AC2DABCFAE71F1442130B0">Marshall, Bruce A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98E5046CC245A7BFDAD279126D654BFD">Collins, Mike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7D909C149C1556361B4AF8C86019035D">Alfaro, Andrea C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="372323C71FC957EAD22C91B37A3940CA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B9C29AA5B6B3416CC21AA38F3CF15D49">
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<mods:date id="89BD897B6EAFD049A52AF16A452E1B28">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B07DDC813F35A5F5B17E89673AC9870E">2577</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="800C860B383EC144FF9FE6DE0C6A8848" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.197498</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="506C909C5526C22B3A3CFD0C9BEE20F0" type="GBIF-Dataset">688ce0fc-f816-4dbb-aa80-7978d2e6a37d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C25A51A8DB54CBB932683DDA3A6E6BA5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="30DC87EF8E53621F6588C65B2535B16C" type="Zenodo-Dep">197498</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B43A87A0BF5BFA446689FB25FC49F8E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5662450" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119395348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5662450" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B43A87A0BF5BFA446689FB25FC49F8E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B43A87A0BF5BFA446689FB25FC49F8E3" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="7489653DBF5BFA446689FB25FD2DFB65" box="[151,718,1166,1192]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3C2C36B6BF5BFA446689FB25FD2DFB65" blockId="13.[151,718,1166,1192]" box="[151,718,1166,1192]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="676481DABF5BFA446689FB25FD2DFB65" bold="true" box="[151,718,1166,1192]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446689FB25FD2DFB65" bold="true" box="[151,718,1166,1192]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4466F0FB25FD2DFB65" authority="Kenk and Wilson, 1985" authorityName="Kenk and Wilson" authorityYear="1985" box="[238,718,1166,1192]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4466F0FB25FE46FB65" bold="true" box="[238,421,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4467B2FB25FD2DFB65" author="Kenk" box="[428,718,1166,1192]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Kenk, V. C. & Wilson, B. R. (1985) A new mussel (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from hydrothermal vents in the Galapagos Rift zone. Malacologia, 26, 253 - 271." type="journal article" year="1985">Kenk and Wilson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7489653DBF5BFA446689FB7AFE69FACA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3C2C36B6BF5BFA446689FB7AFE69FACA" blockId="13.[151,1436,1232,1287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1C831198BF5BFA446689FB7AFE69FACA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446689FB7AFD96FB2A" authority="Kenk and Wilson, 1985: 255" authorityName="Kenk and Wilson" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,629,1232,1256]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446689FB7AFED4FB25" box="[151,311,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="BD3210A7BF5BFA446720FB7BFD96FB2A" author="Kenk" box="[318,629,1232,1255]" page="255" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA446720FB7BFDDCFB2A" author="Kenk" box="[318,575,1232,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Kenk, V. C. & Wilson, B. R. (1985) A new mussel (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from hydrothermal vents in the Galapagos Rift zone. Malacologia, 26, 253 - 271." type="journal article" year="1985">Kenk and Wilson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 255
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="E3288814BF5BFA44649EFB7BFD56FB2A" box="[640,693,1232,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
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species (by original designation):
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446239FB7AFE65FACA" authority="Kenk and Wilson, 1985" authorityName="Kenk and Wilson" authorityYear="1985" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="thermophilus">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446239FB7AFAB8FB25" box="[1063,1371,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus thermophilus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA44637CFB7BFE65FACA" author="Kenk" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Kenk, V. C. & Wilson, B. R. (1985) A new mussel (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from hydrothermal vents in the Galapagos Rift zone. Malacologia, 26, 253 - 271." type="journal article" year="1985">Kenk and Wilson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7489653DBF5BFA446689FA9BFC49F8E3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3C2C36B6BF5BFA446689FA9BFC49F8E3" blockId="13.[151,1437,1328,1838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446689FA9BFECAFA87" bold="true" box="[151,297,1328,1354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Discussion.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4467A4FA9AFD91FA87" box="[442,626,1329,1354]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4467A4FA9AFD91FA87" box="[442,626,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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currently contains 22 described species, with one subspecies. As species were steadily added to the genus since its inception, and following the tentative placement of
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446689FAD0FEB1FA59" box="[151,338,1403,1428]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446689FAD0FEB1FA59" box="[151,338,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA44677BFAD0FE77FA59" box="[357,404,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">s. l.</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4467B9FAD0FDC2FA59" box="[423,545,1403,1428]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="childressi">
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4467B9FAD0FDC2FA59" box="[423,545,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">childressi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA44644CFAD0FC9AFA58" box="[594,889,1403,1429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Gustafson, R. G., Turner, R. D., Lutz, R. A. & Vrijenhoek, R. C. (1998) A new genus and five new species of mussels (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from deep-sea sulfide / hydrocarbon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico. Malacologia, 40, 63 - 112." type="journal article">
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Gustafson
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4464C7FAD0FCF9FA59" box="[729,794,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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(1998)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA446599FAD0FBC8FA58" author="Cosel" box="[903,1067,1403,1429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cosel, R. von (2002) A new species of bathymodioline mussel (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from Mauritania (West Africa), with comments on the genus Bathymodiolus Kenk & Wilson, 1985. Zoosystema, 24, 259 - 271." type="journal article" year="2002">Cosel (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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instigated an overhaul of the taxonomic status of the genus, dividing it into several groups based upon a number of shell and anatomical features. These features included the form of the posterior retractor, umbonal placement, and placement of the anterior retractor scar relative to the umbonal cavity. This study has since been bolstered by molecular analyses of the genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4467B2F9BBFD4CF9E7" author="Miyazaki" box="[428,687,1552,1578]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Miyazaki, J. - I., Shintaku, M., Kyuno, A., Fujiwara, Y., Hashimoto, J. & Iwasaki, H. (2004) Phylogenetic relationships of deep-sea mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae). Marine Biology, 144, 527 - 535." type="journal article" year="2004">
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Miyazaki
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446437F9BBFDBCF9E4" box="[553,607,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Jones and Vrijenhoek 2006; Jones
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA44627AF9BBFB41F9E4" box="[1124,1186,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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2006;
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4462E6F9BBFF36F982" author="Iwasaki" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Iwasaki, H., Kyuno, A., Shintaku, M., Fujita, Y., Fujiwara, Y., Fujikura, K., Hashimoto, J., Oliveira Martins, L. de, Gebruk, A. & Miyazaki, J. - I. (2006) Evolutionary relationships of deep-sea mussels inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Marine Biology, 149, 1111 - 1122." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Iwasaki
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446340F9BBFA7FF9E4" box="[1374,1436,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4466FCF99EFE20F982" author="Samadi" box="[226,451,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Samadi, S., Quemere, E., Lorion, J., Tillier, A., Cosel, R. von, Lopez, P., Cruaud, C., Couloux, A. & Boisselier-Dubayle, M. - C. (2007) Molecular phylogeny in mytilids supports the wooden steps to deep-sea vents hypothesis. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 330, 446 - 456." type="journal article" year="2007">
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Samadi
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA44675FF99EFE9EF983" box="[321,381,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4467D1F99EFD43F982" author="Genio" box="[463,672,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Genio, L., Johnson, S. B., Vrijenhoek, R. C., Cunha, M. R., Tyler, P. A., Kiel, S. & Little, C. T. S. (2008) New record of " Bathymodiolus " mauritanicus Cosel 2002 from the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic) mud volcanoes. Journal of Shellfish Research, 27, 53 - 61." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Génio
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<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446401F99EFDB8F983" box="[543,603,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA4464B3F99EFC8EF982" author="Won" box="[685,877,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Won, Y. - J., Jones, W. J. & Vrijenhoek, R. C. (2008) Absence of cospeciation between deep-sea mytilids and their thiotrophic endosymbionts. Journal of Shellfish Research, 27, 129 - 138." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
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Won
|
||
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|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4464F2F99EFCC4F983" box="[748,807,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
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2008
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA446564F99EFBABF982" author="Fujita" box="[890,1096,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Fujita, Y., Matsumoto, H., Fujiwara, Y., Hashimoto, J., Galkin, S. V., Ueshima, R. & Miyazaki, J. - I. (2009) Phylogenetic relationships of deep-sea Bathymodiolus mussels to their mytilid relatives from sunken whale carcasses and wood. Venus, 67, 123 - 134." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
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|
Fujita
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4465D8F99EFBE1F983" box="[966,1026,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
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|
2009
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), confirming its paraphyletic status. Three clades are currently recognized within the genus
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446560F9F1FBCCF9BE" box="[894,1071,1626,1651]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446560F9F1FBCCF9BE" box="[894,1071,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, two within
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4462D8F9F1FA94F9BE" box="[1222,1399,1626,1651]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4462D8F9F1FA94F9BE" box="[1222,1399,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446397F9F1FF45F954" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
) (the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4466F0F92BFE60F954" box="[238,387,1664,1689]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aduloides">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4466F0F92BFE60F954" box="[238,387,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B. aduloides</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4467A3F92BFDB3F954" box="[445,592,1664,1689]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="childressi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4467A3F92BFDB3F954" box="[445,592,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B. childressi</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
clades), and the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446504F92BFC35F954" box="[794,982,1664,1689]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="thermophilus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446504F92BFC35F954" box="[794,982,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B. thermophilus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
clade, or
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA446253F92BFB1DF954" box="[1101,1278,1664,1689]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446253F92BFB1DF954" box="[1101,1278,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA446311F92BFADDF954" box="[1295,1342,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">s. s.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
) (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA446349F9D4FE92F973" author="Cosel" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cosel, R. von & Janssen, R. (2008) Bathymodioline mussels of the Bathymodiolus (s. l.) childressi clade from methane seeps near Edison Seamount, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea (Bivalvia: Mytilidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 137, 195 - 224." type="journal article" year="2008">Cosel and Janssen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The clades are themselves split into smaller groups based upon differences among the above-mentioned features plus consideration of shell size, shape, and form of the anterior margin (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="58024B47BF5BFA44633BF961FEDBF8C4" author="Cosel" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cosel, R. von & Janssen, R. (2008) Bathymodioline mussels of the Bathymodiolus (s. l.) childressi clade from methane seeps near Edison Seamount, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea (Bivalvia: Mytilidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 137, 195 - 224." type="journal article" year="2008">Cosel and Janssen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Several species currently referred to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4464E4F944FC49F8C5" box="[762,938,1775,1800]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4464E4F944FC49F8C5" box="[762,938,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4465A5F944FC06F8C5" box="[955,997,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
) will probably eventually be referred to new genera (see also discussion of the genus
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB934D35BF5BFA4464D9F8BFFCAAF8E0" box="[711,841,1812,1837]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Gigantidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="0EE7EAA4BF5BFA4464D9F8BFFCAAF8E0" box="[711,841,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gigantidas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
below).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|