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269 lines
19 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.8099" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e8d0e599-fa18-41d0-9a11-70d573474ce4" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-41-31" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF72809FFE0FFD1FF9FFF9F4B7F0C13" ID-ZBK="D80DD7F108904AADA4D9644AECADA6C9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575029" ID-ZooBank="D80DD7F108904AADA4D9644AECADA6C9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2607-41-31" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 41" ModsDocTitle="A new, endemic genus of Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from St Helena" checkinTime="1451252243431" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2014" docId="DA8EFA8536B543BC5476D042149DCA04" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 41: 31-45" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 41" docPubDate="2014-12-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.8099" docTitle="Helenanomalon Broad 2014, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="BAC8F2BC-DF2C-4B4F-A29A-6063811E4697" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FFF72809FFE0FFD1FF9FFF9F4B7F0C13" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFF72809FFE0FFD1FF9FFF9F4B7F0C13" masterDocTitle="A new, endemic genus of Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from St Helena" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1678748186815" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new, endemic genus of Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from St Helena</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">g.broad@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-12-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>41</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
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<mods:end>45</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.8099</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.8099</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-41-31</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D80DD7F108904AADA4D9644AECADA6C9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFF72809FFE0FFD1FF9FFF9F4B7F0C13</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575029</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152017969" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BAC8F2BC-DF2C-4B4F-A29A-6063811E4697" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA8EFA8536B543BC5476D042149DCA04" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/BAC8F2BC-DF2C-4B4F-A29A-6063811E4697" authority="Broad, 2014" authorityName="Broad" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Helenanomalon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helenanomalon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">Helenanomalon</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="33">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Broad" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Helenanomalon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helenanomalon bonapartei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Helenanomalon bonapartei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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Eye surface with short hairs, shorter than spaces between them; eyes convergent ventrally; occipital carina complete, dorsally closer to rear ocellus than diameter of ocellus, ventrally reaching mandible base separate from hypostomal carina (difficult to see on the female specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ashmolei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">H. ashmolei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., cannot confirm for both species); frons simple, lacking median longitudinal or transverse carinae. Antenna long, potentially sexually dimorphic, simple in ♂ of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. bonapartei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">H. bonapartei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., very short and distinctly clubbed in ♀ of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ashmolei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">H. ashmolei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., with subapical flagellomeres shorter and wider than basal flagellomeres (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Antenna of holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36027" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">6</figureCitation>
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); flagellum lacking white band; scape from 1.4-2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel, truncate at shallow angle. Clypeus truncate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Face of a holotype ♂ of H. bonapartei sp. n. and b holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36024" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3</figureCitation>
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), edge thin and slightly outcurved; mandible strongly narrowed, slightly twisted, with upper tooth 2.0-2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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lower tooth. Maxillary palp with five segments, labial palp with four (in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. bonapartei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">H. bonapartei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., cannot confirm for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ashmolei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">H. ashmolei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.), apical palpomere very small. [Cardo not dissected out.]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Pronotum rather short dorsally with narrow, sharply defined transverse furrow, anterior edge of furrow continuing ventrally as carina close to and parallelling anterior edge of pronotum; posterior, dorsal corner of pronotum not covering spiracular sclerite; lower anterior corner lacking tooth, rounded anteriorly. Mesoscutum steeply rounded anteriorly without an apical concavity. Notauli present or absent; transverse suture of mesoscutum absent, transverse furrows absent. Epicnemial carina reaching to about lower ⅓ of mesopleuron, dorsally distant from anterior margin of mesopleuron, medio-ventrally weakly raised; sternaulus absent; only short, median section of posterior transverse carina of mesosternum present.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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Fore coxa smooth; fore tibial spur with long comb of macrotrichia on inner surface with membranous flange posterior to comb. Mid tibia with two spurs. Hind trochanter dorsally 2.0-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as trochantellus, ventrally 1.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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; hind tarsi of ♂ not swollen; hind tarsal claws abruptly curved, fully pectinate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hind tarsal claw of a holotype ♂ of H. bonapartei sp. n. and b holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36026" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">5a</figureCitation>
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), or weakly curved with only basal pecten (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hind tarsal claw of a holotype ♂ of H. bonapartei sp. n. and b holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36026" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">5b</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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Fore wing with
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Rs</emphasis>
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straight; 2
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">rs-m</emphasis>
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basal to 2
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">m-cu</emphasis>
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; 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">m-cu</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Cu</emphasis>
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1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">a</emphasis>
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basally separate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Wings of Helenanomalon species a fore and hind wings of paratype ♂ (BMNH) of H. bonapartei sp. n. b fore wing of holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n. c hind wing of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36030" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">9a, b</figureCitation>
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). 1st subdiscal cell approximately parallel-sided. Hind wing with 6 (♀) or 9-10 (♂) hamuli on vein
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">R</emphasis>
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1; distal abscissa of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Cu</emphasis>
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1 present, but not joining
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">cu-a</emphasis>
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+ basal section of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Cu</emphasis>
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1 (nervellus) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Wings of Helenanomalon species a fore and hind wings of paratype ♂ (BMNH) of H. bonapartei sp. n. b fore wing of holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n. c hind wing of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36030" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">9a</figureCitation>
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), or absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Wings of Helenanomalon species a fore and hind wings of paratype ♂ (BMNH) of H. bonapartei sp. n. b fore wing of holotype ♀ of H. ashmolei sp. n. c hind wing of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36030" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">9c</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Petiolar index:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">PI (distance from anterior margin of 1st metasomal spiracle to base of 1st tergite / distance from posterior margin of spiracle to apex of 1st tergite) = 2.19-2.68.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="34" start="start">Fore</pageBreakToken>
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wing indices:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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CI (length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1 between 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">m-cu</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
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/ length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">b</emphasis>
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between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
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and 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
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= 0.82-1.27;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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BI (shortest distance between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1 and 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
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at distal end of 1st subdiscal cell / shortest distance between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1 and 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
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at proximal end of 1st subdiscal cell) = 1.09-1.13;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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DBI (length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1 between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">cu-a</emphasis>
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and 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">m-cu</emphasis>
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/ length of 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">m-cu</emphasis>
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between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Cu</emphasis>
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1 and 2+3
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">rs-m</emphasis>
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) = 0.49-0.51;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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ICI (length of 2+3
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">rs-m</emphasis>
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/ length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">M</emphasis>
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between 2+3
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">rs-m</emphasis>
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and 2
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">m-cu</emphasis>
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) = 0.60-1.23;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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MI (length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Rs</emphasis>
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/ length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Rs</emphasis>
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+ 2
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">r</emphasis>
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) = 1.60-1.89.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Hind wing index:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
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RI (length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Rs</emphasis>
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between
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">R</emphasis>
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1 and 1
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">r-m</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
/ length of 1
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">r-m</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
between
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Rs</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">M</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) = 1.25-1.38.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
|||
|
|
Propodeum reticulate, with longitudinal, median depression; spiracle about 1.6
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
as long as broad; apex of propodeum extending about 0.3-0.4
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
length of hind coxa. Metasoma elongate.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
|||
|
|
♀ genitalia. Ovipositor sheath 1.2
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
length of tergite 3; ovipositor lacking dorsal notch but pre-apically markedly swollen, higher and wider here than basal or apical sections, apical 0.3 of dorsal valves of ovipositor very narrow, slightly decurved (Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ovipositor of holotype ♀ (RMCA) of H. ashmolei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36028" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
|||
|
|
♂ genitalia. Metasomal tergites 8+9 (syntergum of
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 135" refId="B3" refString="Gauld, ID, 1976. The classification of the Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 33: 1 - 135" title="The classification of the Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." volume="33" year="1976">Gauld 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) entire; 8th sternite roundly produced posteriorly; parameres (=gonosquamae) approximately rectangular; gonolacinia smoothly curved, with median tooth; distivolsella not wholly visible in available specimens; aedeagus in profile distally swollen, convex dorsally with apical, dorsal projection, ventrally membranous with whole membranous area covered with minute spinules, not laterally expanded (Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Genitalia of paratype ♂ (RMCA) of H. bonapartei sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.41.8099.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/36029" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
|||
|
|
Named after the type locality, St Helena, and the type genus of the subfamily,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anomalon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anomalon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Anomalon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="remarks">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
|||
|
|
The two available female specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ashmolei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">H. ashmolei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. are, in part, encrusted with glue and dirt so it is not possible to see all of the characters that can be observed in the male specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. bonapartei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonapartei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">H. bonapartei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. Sexual dimorphism seems to be pronounced in this genus, although each species is known from one sex only; see discussion below on the species status of specimens.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|