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<document id="E9648FE5FCBF7772B76C5A8DFB75CBE2" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930903097681" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5217246" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629294086051" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ahmad, Wasim, Park, Byeong-Yong, Lee, Jae-Kook &amp; Choi, Dong-Ro" docDate="2009" docId="DA02879C1A6E7F61FE56FC60B8CBB097" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.43.37-38.2329-2356.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903097681" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Funaria thornei van der Linde 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2355" masterDocId="263BFFE41A777F7DFFF5FF97BB09B448" masterDocTitle="Some new and known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Korea" masterLastPageNumber="2356" masterPageNumber="2329" pageNumber="2352" updateTime="1699067636768" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BD7DDEECE0AED17BDE603500F2090332">Some new and known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="11749DEB5E2DCD22CF8438EEF12F2A29">Ahmad, Wasim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7B019E469F70A977199285901374DF4B">Park, Byeong-Yong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C874D15DC8BB1ECC4F65A2878347491B">Lee, Jae-Kook</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D84F5F2A4A62F71C6C087F8B9DB6B16B">Choi, Dong-Ro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E3DA5F08D767699DFBE4B74F78AAC80F">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6DAE3D0D96A46197C892819A766A6E5A">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D6A31974B10FA75622E5EB610E1E268C">2009-09-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4B29C1D42DDE240B0EF995B7084BC89C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6FA70ADCFF86F8BD9F6D79B414F0E63F">43</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="090F640EA2578B2D8A7AAF9231133459" type="issue">
<mods:number id="331152CFC78418ADFFACB90E8C5B94CD">37 - 38</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9CD21E44C8F72D4FFB2BD53AD5C3281F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5720D2CC6931EE9EB2C7D845DC93FE46" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930903097681</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5AD5BED86C67951E186E6D6FE6318B67" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DA02879C1A6E7F61FE56FC60B8CBB097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA02879C1A6E7F61FE56FC60B8CBB097" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA02879C1A6E7F61FE56FC60B8CBB097" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="2355" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">
<subSubSection id="1AB165011A6E7F64FE56FC60B832B047" box="[419,827,1015,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6E7F64FE56FC60B832B047" blockId="25.[419,827,1015,1071]" box="[419,827,1015,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">
<heading id="095C81E61A6E7F64FE56FC60B832B047" box="[419,827,1015,1039]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352" reason="7">
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6E7F64FE56FC60B832B047" authority="Van der Linde, 1938" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[419,827,1015,1039]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6E7F64FE56FC60B946B047" bold="true" box="[419,591,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">Funaria thornei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6E7F64FDA0FC6FB832B047" author="Van der Linde WJ" box="[597,827,1015,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref11285" refString="Van der Linde WJ. 1938. A contribution to the study of nematodes. Entomol. Mem. Dept. Agric. Forest. Union South Africa. 2: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1938">Van der Linde, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1AB165011A6E7F61FE22FB80B8CBB097" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="2355" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352" type="description">
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6E7F64FE22FB80B801B067" blockId="25.[419,827,1015,1071]" box="[471,776,1047,1071]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">
(
<figureCitation id="CA902A0F1A6E7F64FE2AFB80B940B067" box="[479,585,1047,1071]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="26.[212,279,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[213,1172,171,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-52@26.[212,1172,171,1558]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 9. Funaria thornei van der Linde, 1938. (A) Entire female; (B) anterior region; (C) anterior end showing amphid; (D) pharyngeal region; (E) expanded part of pharynx; (F) female genital system; (G) vulval region; (H) female posterior region; (I) female posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5217264/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">Figures 9</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="CA902A0F1A6E7F64FD74FB80B997B067" box="[641,670,1047,1071]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="27.[144,211,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[177,1070,169,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-43@27.[177,1070,169,1581]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 10. Funaria thornei van der Linde, 1938. (A,B) Anterior regions; (C) anterior end showing amphid; (D,E) expanded part of pharynx; (F,G) vulval regions; (H) intestine–prerectum junction; (I) female posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5217268/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">10</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="1F2903311A6E7F64FD5FFB80B9F6B067" box="[682,767,1047,1071]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="20.[260,318,171,193]" captionText="Table 5. Measurements of Funaria thornei van der Linde, 1938 and Promumtazium pyxidorum Siddiqi, 1982 (all measurements in µm)." pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">Table 5</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6E7F64FF65FBC8BA19B03F" blockId="25.[144,272,1119,1143]" box="[144,272,1119,1143]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6E7F64FF65FBC8BA19B03F" box="[144,272,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6E7F61FF65FB10B9D2B697" blockId="25.[144,1105,1159,1695]" lastBlockId="28.[212,1172,167,735]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="2355" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6E7F64FF65FB10BBE1B0D7" box="[144,232,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="2352">Female.</emphasis>
Body slightly curved ventrad upon fixation, slender, tapering slightly towards anterior extremity. Outer cuticle thin, finely transversely striated; inner layer coarsely striated, with irregular outline and often separated from the outer cuticle. Radial refractive elements abundant. Lateral chords about one-third of body width at mid-body. Lateral pores button-shaped; four in the neck region, arranged with first near middle of odontophore, second just anterior to nerve ring, third slightly anterior to beginning of pharyngeal enlargement and fourth near base of expanded part; five to seven pores between base of pharynx and vulva, six to 10 between vulva and anus and two on tail, located at variable distance from each other either on dorsal or ventral margin; two pores always at level of vulva, one each on dorsal and ventral margin. Lip region well offset, about twice as wide as high or about one-quarter to one-third as wide as body width at neck base. Labial papillae slightly projecting above labial contour. Amphids funnel-shaped, their aperture about two-thirds of the corresponding body width, fusus 19–21 µm behind aperture. Odontostyle delicate but with clear lumen, 0.65–0.85 times the lip region width long, its aperture about one-quarter of its total length. Stoma truncate cone, slightly wider at base with slightly thickened wall, fixed ring at 0.75–0.80 times lip region width from anterior end. Odontophore slightly arched with thickened base, 1.3–1.5 times the odontostyle length. Pharynx with a slender not muscular anterior part and a basal bulb, occupying about 22.5–25% of total neck length. Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices distinct. Cardia short conoid. Nerve ring located at 44–47% of neck length from anterior end. Genital system amphidelphic; both the sexual branches almost equally developed. Ovaries reflexed, measuring 63–67 µm (anterior) and 60–63 µm (posterior) with oocytes arranged in a single row except near its tip. Oviduct joining ovary subterminally, 61–72 µm (anterior) and 57–66 µm (posterior) long with distinct pars dilatata. Uterus a short undifferentiated tube, measuring 37–54 µm (anterior) and 40–47 µm (posterior). No trace of sperm either in oviduct or uterus. Vagina cylindrical, extending inwards about half of the corresponding body width; pars proximalis vaginae 11–12 µm long with almost straight to slightly convex walls surrounded by circular musculature; pars refringens vaginae appearing as a disc, measuring 4–5 by 13 µm; pars distalis vaginae with curved walls, 2 µm deep. Vulva longitudinal. Prerectum five to eight times anal body width long; intestine prerectum junction guarded by three cells. Rectum about 1.1–1.3 times anal body width long. Tail conoid with a terminal mucro, its length slightly less or more than anal body width. In the internal part of the tail there is always a terminal projection. Two pair of caudal pores present, one subdorsal and other subterminal.
</paragraph>
<caption id="06D466021A6D7F67FF21F9D7BF4DB2D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217264" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5217264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5217264/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2353" startId="26.[212,279,1600,1622]" targetBox="[213,1172,171,1557]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6D7F67FF21F9D7BF4DB2D9" blockId="26.[212,1172,1600,1681]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2353">
Figure 9.
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6D7F67FECEF9D7B9A1B21E" authority="van der Linde, 1938" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[315,680,1600,1622]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="26" pageNumber="2353" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6D7F67FECEF9D7BADCB21E" box="[315,469,1600,1622]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="2353">Funaria thornei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6D7F67FE2EF9D6B9A1B21E" author="Van der Linde WJ" box="[475,680,1600,1622]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2353" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref11285" refString="Van der Linde WJ. 1938. A contribution to the study of nematodes. Entomol. Mem. Dept. Agric. Forest. Union South Africa. 2: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1938">van der Linde, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (A) Entire female; (B) anterior region; (C) anterior end showing amphid; (D) pharyngeal region; (E) expanded part of pharynx; (F) female genital system; (G) vulval region; (H) female posterior region; (I) female posterior end.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="06D466021A6C7F66FF65F9DFBAEEB2D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5217268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5217268/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="2354" startId="27.[144,211,1608,1630]" targetBox="[177,1070,169,1581]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6C7F66FF65F9DFBAEEB2D1" blockId="27.[144,1104,1608,1689]" pageId="27" pageNumber="2354">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6C7F66FEF6F9DFB967B216" authority="van der Linde, 1938" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[259,622,1608,1630]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="27" pageNumber="2354" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6C7F66FEF6F9DFBA94B216" box="[259,413,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="2354">Funaria thornei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6C7F66FE56F9DEB967B216" author="Van der Linde WJ" box="[419,622,1608,1630]" pageId="27" pageNumber="2354" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref11285" refString="Van der Linde WJ. 1938. A contribution to the study of nematodes. Entomol. Mem. Dept. Agric. Forest. Union South Africa. 2: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1938">van der Linde, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (A,B) Anterior regions; (C) anterior end showing amphid; (D,E) expanded part of pharynx; (F,G) vulval regions; (H) intestine–prerectum junction; (I) female posterior end.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6B7F61FF21FC90BA9DB757" blockId="28.[212,404,775,799]" box="[212,404,775,799]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FF21FC90BA1FB757" box="[212,278,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Male.</emphasis>
Not found
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6B7F61FF21FCD8BABBB72F" blockId="28.[212,434,847,871]" box="[212,434,847,871]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FF21FCD8BABBB72F" box="[212,434,847,871]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Habitat and locality</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6B7F61FF21FCE0BF8EB7C7" blockId="28.[212,1159,887,911]" box="[212,1159,887,911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">
Soil around roots of forest trees from Uleungdo,
<collectingRegion id="906FF8681A6B7F61FD0AFCE0B8EBB7C7" box="[767,994,887,911]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="2ABC761A1A6B7F61FC18FCE0BF8AB7C7" box="[1005,1155,887,911]" name="South Korea" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">South Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6B7F61FF21FC28BA3EB79F" blockId="28.[212,311,959,983]" box="[212,311,959,983]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FF21FC28BA3EB79F" box="[212,311,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5214368A1A6B7F61FF21FC7FB8CBB097" blockId="28.[212,1172,999,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6B7F61FF21FC7FBAC9B7B7" author="Van der Linde WJ" box="[212,448,999,1023]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref11285" refString="Van der Linde WJ. 1938. A contribution to the study of nematodes. Entomol. Mem. Dept. Agric. Forest. Union South Africa. 2: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1938">Van der Linde (1938)</bibRefCitation>
described the genus
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FD56FC70B9F1B7B7" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1936" box="[675,760,999,1023]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FD56FC70B9F1B7B7" box="[675,760,999,1023]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Funaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FCC3FC70B896B7B7" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[822,927,999,1023]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FCC3FC70B896B7B7" box="[822,927,999,1023]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">F. thornei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as its
<typeStatus id="8D1088281A6B7F61FC16FC7FBF1AB048" box="[995,1043,1000,1024]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">type</typeStatus>
species collected from Ithaca,
<collectingRegion id="906FF8681A6B7F61FE5DFB9FB929B057" box="[424,544,1031,1055]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">New York</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="2ABC761A1A6B7F61FDDFFB90B96FB057" box="[554,614,1031,1055]" name="United States of America" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">USA</collectingCountry>
. The original description of this species was incomplete and subsequent workers either synonymized the genus with
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FC55FBB0BA18B017" authority="(Andrassy 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Andrassy" baseAuthorityYear="1963" class="Adenophorea" family="Leptonchidae" genus="Leptonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FC55FBB0BF15B077" box="[928,1052,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Leptonchus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6B7F61FBDFFBB0BA00B017" author="Andrassy I" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" pagination="55 - 80" refId="ref10482" refString="Andrassy I. 1963. Freilebende Nematoden aus Angola, I. Einige moosbewhnende Nematoden. Publ Cult Co Diam Ang Lisboa. 66: 55 - 80." type="journal article" year="1963">Andrássy 1963</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
or considered it as
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FE17FBD0B9F7B017" box="[482,766,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">genus et species inquirenda</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6B7F61FCF9FBD0B8ADB017" author="Goodey T" box="[780,932,1095,1119]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" refId="ref10819" refString="Goodey T. 1963. Soil and fresh-water nematodes. 2 nd ed. Revised by JB Goodey. London (UK): Methuen." type="book" year="1963">Goodey 1963</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6B7F61FC40FBD0BF99B017" author="Goseco CG &amp; Ferris VR &amp; Ferris JM" box="[949,1168,1095,1119]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" refId="ref10845" refString="Goseco CG., Ferris VR, Ferris JM. 1974. Revision in Leptonchoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), Leptonchus, Proleptonchus, Funaria and Meylis n. gen. in Leptonchidae, Leptonchinae. Res Bull Agric Expt Sta Purdue Univ West Lafayette. No. 911. 32 p." type="book" year="1974">Goseco et al. (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, while revising the family
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FE1DFBF0B98AB037" authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1935" box="[488,643,1127,1151]" class="Adenophorea" family="Leptonchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Leptonchidae</taxonomicName>
, redecribed
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FCFDFBF0B878B037" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[776,881,1127,1151]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FCFDFBF0B878B037" box="[776,881,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">F. thornei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on specimens originating from several localities in
<collectingCountry id="2ABC761A1A6B7F61FDC4FB10B963B0D7" box="[561,618,1159,1183]" name="United States of America" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">USA</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="2ABC761A1A6B7F61FD6AFB10B9F0B0D7" box="[671,761,1159,1183]" name="Canada" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Canada</collectingCountry>
. Our record of
<taxonomicName id="95AB4D091A6B7F61FC54FB10BF03B0D7" authorityName="van der Linde" authorityYear="1938" box="[929,1034,1159,1183]" class="Bryopsida" family="Funariaceae" genus="Funaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Funariales" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="thornei">
<emphasis id="60DFEA981A6B7F61FC54FB10BF03B0D7" box="[929,1034,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">F. thornei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="2ABC761A1A6B7F61FBB8FB1FBF9DB0D7" box="[1101,1172,1160,1183]" name="South Korea" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355">Korea</collectingCountry>
is probably the first record outside North America. The Korean specimens completely fit the measurements of the species provided by
<bibRefCitation id="363A4B7B1A6B7F61FD15FB50B8B7B097" author="Goseco CG &amp; Ferris VR &amp; Ferris JM" box="[736,958,1223,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="2355" refId="ref10845" refString="Goseco CG., Ferris VR, Ferris JM. 1974. Revision in Leptonchoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), Leptonchus, Proleptonchus, Funaria and Meylis n. gen. in Leptonchidae, Leptonchinae. Res Bull Agric Expt Sta Purdue Univ West Lafayette. No. 911. 32 p." type="book" year="1974">Goseco et al. (1974)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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