<documentid="F163F0613A4331A0FCFD03E44181E23A"ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.943.2599"ID-ISSN="2118-9773"ID-Zenodo-Dep="12806098"ID-ZooBank="4EEAB64C-EB8D-4208-9EE2-76FA07201EED"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina"IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe"IM.tables_approvedBy="karina"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina"IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="karina"IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina"checkinTime="1721824832049"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Chen, Hsuan-Pu, Lee, Mao-Ying & Chen, Wei-Jen"docDate="2024"docId="5021F049FFB32475FDCEF969FD5D1E47"docLanguage="en"docName="EJT.2024.943.239-287.pdf"docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 943"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2024.943.2599"docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911"docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleVersion="14"docTitle="Lophiomus nigriventris Chen, Lee & Chen, 2024, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="4"lastPageNumber="274"masterDocId="AC188831FF932451FF95FFF0FF8E1C73"masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy reveals unanticipated hidden diversity in the monotypic goosefish genus Lophiomus (Teleostei, Lophiidae), with description of three new species and resurrection of Chirolophius laticeps Ogilby, 1910"masterLastPageNumber="287"masterPageNumber="239"pageNumber="271"updateTime="1721938142367"updateUser="karina"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="47930AB56ADC8D8A9E9E573C6821D6D6">Integrative taxonomy reveals unanticipated hidden diversity in the monotypic goosefish genus Lophiomus (Teleostei, Lophiidae), with description of three new species and resurrection of Chirolophius laticeps Ogilby, 1910</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="126941F5C4A335AC566539D850B800EA">Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="165204E2B2199DABC884D767998ABCB5">Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB32471FDCEF969FC5B1AC7"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[603,981,1689,1716]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="32"pageNumber="271"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nigriventris"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="40B35DDAFFB32471FD5FF92CFC8E1A84"box="[714,768,1756,1783]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="40.[189,232,1822,1848]"captionTargetBox="[334,1254,265,1777]"captionTargetId="figure-17@40.[334,1254,265,1777]"captionTargetPageId="40"captionText="Fig. 15. X-ray radiographs in dorsal view and zoom-in images of left pectoral-fin of Lophiomus spp. collected in this study for visualizing interspecific variations in pectoral-fin ray counts. A. Lm. setigerus (Vahl, 1797), neotype (NTUM10408, sample ID: WJC0905). B. Lm. laticeps (Ogilby, 1910) stat. rev. (NTUM13463, sample ID: NC1375). C. Lm. immaculioralis sp. nov., holotype (NTUM16313, sample ID: WJC7777). D. Lm. nigriventris sp. nov., holotype (NTUM15096, sample ID: WJC5808). E. Lm. carusoi sp. nov., holotype (MNHN 2024-0099, sample ID: NC2059)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12806129"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12806129/files/figure.png"pageId="32"pageNumber="271">15D</figureCitation>
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB32471FCDEF92CFC441A85"box="[843,970,1756,1782]"captionStart-0="Table 3"captionStart-1="Table 4"captionStart-2="Table 5"captionStart-3="Table 6"captionStartId-0="12.[186,256,660,688]"captionStartId-1="13.[185,255,622,650]"captionStartId-2="14.[187,257,727,755]"captionStartId-3="15.[186,256,703,731]"captionTargetPageId-0="12"captionTargetPageId-1="13"captionTargetPageId-2="14"captionTargetPageId-3="15"captionText-0="Table 3. Standard length and the measurements expressed in percent (%) of standard length of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means ±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."captionText-1="Table 4. Measurements expressed in percent (%) of head lengths of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."captionText-2="Table 5. Meristic counts of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are counted from both sides and expressed as ranges; values expressed in parentheses indicate counts from the right side. Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."captionText-3="Table 6. Frequency distribution of left (upper row) and right (lower row) pectoral-fin rays and vertebrae meristic counts of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. The star mark indicates the count of the name-bearing type. Abbreviations: Mean = arithmetic mean of meristic counts; N = number of examined specimens."pageId="32"pageNumber="271">Tables 3–6</tableCitation>
<treatmentCitationid="5929674EFFB32471FD01F8EBFCD81B46"author="Caruso J. H."box="[660,854,1819,1845]"page="13"pageId="32"pageNumber="271"year="1983">
<bibRefCitationid="BC193CAEFFB32471FD01F8EBFCD81B46"author="Caruso J. H."box="[660,854,1819,1845]"pageId="32"pageNumber="271"pagination="11 - 30"refId="ref22963"refString="Caruso J. H. 1983. The systematics and distribution of the lophiid anglerfishes: II. Revisions of the genera Lophiomus and Lophius. Copeia 1983 (1): 11 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444694"type="journal article"year="1983">Caruso 1983: 13</bibRefCitation>
<paragraphid="D837415FFFB32471FF28F877FCA11B90"blockId="32.[189,1398,1927,2019]"pageId="32"pageNumber="271">This new species can be separated from other congeners by the combination of dorsal-fin spines 6, pelvic-fin rays 6, pectoral-fin rays 23–24, pale khaki body coloration, peritoneum with dark pigmentation, and reticulate dark pattern on the light floor of the mouth.</paragraph>
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FF28FEC7FDA31D21"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[189,557,311,338]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nigriventris"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FC1BFEC8FB941D22"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[910,1050,312,338]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi"status="sp. nov.">
, in terms of pectoral-fin ray counts, peritoneum pigmentation, and the pattern on the floor of the mouth. However, distinctions include the absence of cirri in the pennant-like esca flap (tassel-like or pennant-like flap with moderately long cirri in
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FEDAFE51FE551DC9"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[335,475,417,443]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi">
), a shorter DS4 (8.4–17.3% SL vs 16.7–24.0% SL in
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FBC6FE51FB6E1DC9"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[1107,1248,417,443]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi">
), a narrower SNW (31.8–39.5% HL vs 41.9–55.7% HL in
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FD42FE35FCED1DAD"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[727,867,452,478]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi">
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FF28FE18FEC71E72"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[189,329,488,514]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi">
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FC29FE18FBC61E72"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[956,1096,488,514]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="carusoi">
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB22470FEA1FCF3FE331F6F"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[308,445,771,796]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="33"pageNumber="272"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nigriventris">
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,
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<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB22470FC4EF8F2FBB31B6F"box="[987,1085,1794,1820]"captionStart="Table 3"captionStartId="12.[186,256,660,688]"captionTargetPageId="12"captionText="Table 3. Standard length and the measurements expressed in percent (%) of standard length of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means ±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."pageId="33"pageNumber="272">Tables 3</tableCitation>
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB22470FBE0F8F2FB091B6F"box="[1141,1159,1794,1820]"captionStart="Table 4"captionStartId="13.[185,255,622,650]"captionTargetPageId="13"captionText="Table 4. Measurements expressed in percent (%) of head lengths of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."pageId="33"pageNumber="272">4</tableCitation>
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB22470FB71F8B8FAE41B10"box="[1252,1386,1864,1891]"captionStart-0="Table 5"captionStart-1="Table 6"captionStartId-0="14.[187,257,727,755]"captionStartId-1="15.[186,256,703,731]"captionTargetPageId-0="14"captionTargetPageId-1="15"captionText-0="Table 5. Meristic counts of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are counted from both sides and expressed as ranges; values expressed in parentheses indicate counts from the right side. Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."captionText-1="Table 6. Frequency distribution of left (upper row) and right (lower row) pectoral-fin rays and vertebrae meristic counts of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. The star mark indicates the count of the name-bearing type. Abbreviations: Mean = arithmetic mean of meristic counts; N = number of examined specimens."pageId="33"pageNumber="272">Tables 5–6</tableCitation>
. Head relatively short (28.8%–33.3% of SL, mean 30.9 ± 0.02%) and wide (52.8%– 62.0% of HL, mean 57.8 ± 0.03%); eyes suboval; anterior half of premaxilla with three rows of enlarged teeth, largest on innermost row, followed by single row of small teeth on posterior half; maxilla toothless; palatine with single row of small teeth with some enlarged; dentary with three rows of teeth, outer teeth minute and innermost teeth largest; fifth ceratobranchial with two rows of small teeth, forming V-shaped patch; teeth on second and third pharyngobranchials forming small and rounded patches; gill rakers and pseudobranch absent. Palatine spines sharp, with posterior one stronger; frontal ridges and outer surface of maxilla bones bearing low and conical knobs; frontal spines blunt, with posterior one sharper, stronger, and projected posteriorly; inner sphenotic spines low and blunt; outer sphenotic spines blunt, stronger than inner one, sometimes bearing two knobs; pterotic spines broad and blunt; parietal, epiotic, and posttemporal spines short and blunt, inconspicuous; articular spines strong and sharp, with single spine anterior to jaw joint and projected upward; quadrate spines strong and sharp; hyomandibular spines blunt; opercular spines blunt; interopercular spines strong and sharp; subopercular spines blunt, with posterior one inconspicuous; cleithral spines strong and blunt; humeral spines well developed, with three to four sharp spinelets at its tip; edge of head and caudal peduncle covered by pale tendrils.
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB12473FEA4F895FDC21B0C"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[305,588,1893,1919]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="34"pageNumber="273"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nigriventris"status="sp. nov.">
. Illicium short to moderately long (16.5%–29.0% of SL, mean 23.6 ±0.04%), without tendrils and extending to base of third dorsal spine; esca pennant-like flap without cirri, with one or two dark, small, bulb-like appendages at base of esca; second dorsal-fin spine relatively short (17.9%–20.7% of SL, mean 19.5 ± 0.01), stout, reaching between parietal spines and base of third dorsal-fin spine, with dark tendrils; third dorsal-fin spine relatively short (18.9%–24.0% of SL, mean 21.2 ± 0.02%), slender, reaching from about ½ to ⅔ of retracted fourth dorsal-fin spine, base imbedded under skin, without tendrils; fourth dorsal-fin spine slender, about basal ⅓ imbedded under skin and with dark tendrils, reaching origin of dorsal-fin; fifth and sixth dorsal-fin spines short, mostly imbedded under skin and with dark tendrils; first dorsal-fin ray relatively close to second, both imbedded under skin, last two rays short; anterior three anal-fin rays imbedded under skin.
). Body color khaki with pink penetrates on cheeks and caudal peduncle, covered by minute pale spots densely and blackish-brown spots scarcely on dorsal surface; ventral surface pale, with peritoneum black; floor of mouth light with reticulate dark pattern; dorsal surface of pectoral-fins dark apically and pigmented as adjacent area of body basally; dorsal-fin pale; caudal fin dark basally and apically, with color pattern same as adjacent area of body.
). Body color khaki, covered by minute pale spots densely and blackish-brown pigment spots scarcely on dorsal surface; dorsal surface of pectoral-fins blackish brown with color pattern same as adjacent area of body basally; dorsal-fin pink; caudal fin dark basally and pink posterior ⅔, with color pattern same as adjacent area of body.
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB02472FDBAF9FBFD1A1A55"box="[559,660,1547,1574]"captionStart="Table 3"captionStartId="12.[186,256,660,688]"captionTargetPageId="12"captionText="Table 3. Standard length and the measurements expressed in percent (%) of standard length of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means ±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."pageId="35"pageNumber="274">Tables 3</tableCitation>
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB02472FD47F9FCFD6A1A55"box="[722,740,1548,1574]"captionStart="Table 4"captionStartId="13.[185,255,622,650]"captionTargetPageId="13"captionText="Table 4. Measurements expressed in percent (%) of head lengths of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are expressed as ranges; values in parentheses are means±standard deviations. Definitions and measurement abbreviations follow Caruso (1981). Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."pageId="35"pageNumber="274">4</tableCitation>
. Description similar to adult, except body color darker and with more blackish-brown pigment spots on dorsal body surface; floor of mouth with reticulate dark pattern, darker and more conspicuous than adults; peritoneum light; caudal fin pale.
<figureCitationid="40B35DDAFFB02472FAB6F8F8FAEB1B51"box="[1315,1381,1800,1826]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="2.[189,232,1928,1954]"captionTargetBox="[195,1393,783,1882]"captionTargetId="figure-199@2.[189,1398,777,1888]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="Fig. 1. Bathymetric terrain map of eastern Indian Ocean and West Pacific showing the occurrence points of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 based on the samples/sequences included in the analyses of this study. White circle: type locality of the species of Lophiomus."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12806100"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12806100/files/figure.png"pageId="35"pageNumber="274">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="40B35DDAFFB02472FB0BF887FB691BE2"box="[1182,1255,1911,1937]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="2.[189,232,1928,1954]"captionTargetBox="[195,1393,783,1882]"captionTargetId="figure-199@2.[189,1398,777,1888]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="Fig. 1. Bathymetric terrain map of eastern Indian Ocean and West Pacific showing the occurrence points of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 based on the samples/sequences included in the analyses of this study. White circle: type locality of the species of Lophiomus."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12806100"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12806100/files/figure.png"pageId="35"pageNumber="274">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="BC193CAEFFB02472FDA0F84BFD6B1BA6"author="Caruso J. H."box="[565,741,1979,2005]"pageId="35"pageNumber="274"pagination="11 - 30"refId="ref22963"refString="Caruso J. H. 1983. The systematics and distribution of the lophiid anglerfishes: II. Revisions of the genera Lophiomus and Lophius. Copeia 1983 (1): 11 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444694"type="journal article"year="1983">Caruso (1983)</bibRefCitation>
. Caruso’s observations include characteristics such as “pigmentation of peritoneum variable, … dark extremely rare”, and “Coloration in preserve uniform light to dark brown dorsally”, along with a broad range of pectoral-fin rays (21–25;
<tableCitationid="950A74E4FFB72475FB34FEDBFB751D35"box="[1185,1275,299,326]"captionStart="Table 5"captionStartId="14.[187,257,727,755]"captionTargetPageId="14"captionText="Table 5. Meristic counts of species of Lophiomus Gill, 1883 described in this study. Values are counted from both sides and expressed as ranges; values expressed in parentheses indicate counts from the right side. Abbreviations: HT = Holotype; N/A = unavailable; NT = neotype; ST = syntypes."pageId="36"pageNumber="275">Table 5</tableCitation>
). Notably, the localities of 75% (39 of 52) of the specimens examined by
<bibRefCitationid="BC193CAEFFB72475FC54FEBDFB471D14"author="Caruso J. H."box="[961,1225,333,359]"pageId="36"pageNumber="275"pagination="11 - 30"refId="ref22963"refString="Caruso J. H. 1983. The systematics and distribution of the lophiid anglerfishes: II. Revisions of the genera Lophiomus and Lophius. Copeia 1983 (1): 11 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444694"type="journal article"year="1983">Caruso (1983: 13–14)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="BC193CAEFFB72475FDB5FE62FD421DDF"author="Caruso J. H."box="[544,716,402,428]"pageId="36"pageNumber="275"pagination="11 - 30"refId="ref22963"refString="Caruso J. H. 1983. The systematics and distribution of the lophiid anglerfishes: II. Revisions of the genera Lophiomus and Lophius. Copeia 1983 (1): 11 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444694"type="journal article"year="1983">Caruso (1983)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is 22.8, falling within the range of the currently defined
<bibRefCitationid="BC193CAEFFB72475FE9CFE26FE3B1D83"author="Caruso J. H."box="[265,437,470,496]"pageId="36"pageNumber="275"pagination="11 - 30"refId="ref22963"refString="Caruso J. H. 1983. The systematics and distribution of the lophiid anglerfishes: II. Revisions of the genera Lophiomus and Lophius. Copeia 1983 (1): 11 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444694"type="journal article"year="1983">Caruso (1983)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="1F883ADCFFB72475FF28FDEBFEF41E47"authorityName="Chen & Lee & Chen"authorityYear="2024"box="[189,378,539,564]"family="Lophiidae"genus="Lophiomus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lophiiformes"pageId="36"pageNumber="275"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nigriventris"status="sp. nov.">
