391 lines
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391 lines
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<document id="9648E7E5955DD36B4C9E61B02B729EB2" ID-CLB-Dataset="30752" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4379.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e0230d77-074e-4024-8a39-07bcb699277e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1172416" ID-ZooBank="522BCC54-1368-47AD-8305-5FAF1C5BCC47" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1518513190173" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Andreani, Tainã Lucas, Oliveira, Seixas Rezende, Guerra, Vinícius, Bastos, Rogério Pereira & Morais, Alessandro Ribeiro De" docDate="2018" docId="039C87B1FFA19001FF6589FAFDDCF838" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4379.1.9.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4379 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dendropsophus cruzi" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="138" masterDocId="FFA5FFC9FFA19000FFF28A5BFFBDFFB5" masterDocTitle="The aggressive call of Dendropsophus cruzi (Pombal & Bastos, 1998) (Anura; Hylidae) in Central Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1698521405771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D455B6128BC846547D024B3DCF50F231">The aggressive call of Dendropsophus cruzi (Pombal & Bastos, 1998) (Anura; Hylidae) in Central Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="55DCF0795F699FC9A10840C2C731C7D4">Andreani, Tainã Lucas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="258E4FF7F8421B76235DB68F151B44EF">Oliveira, Seixas Rezende</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4FA22A04FC22BADB858ED197D2B6911E">Guerra, Vinícius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1EE4C311F0D3B4A9A22DDAA729CA66D6">Bastos, Rogério Pereira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F5D98169F259276FAE957D61F41BFF34">Morais, Alessandro Ribeiro De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="04EF39100E2E0D53E9B8B043503E4ED0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="5DA410ADC377F0BC77E8C5A7AB7B138F">2018-02-13</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039C87B1FFA19001FF6589FAFDDCF838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5970532" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140583200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5970532" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C87B1FFA19001FF6589FAFDDCF838" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039C87B1FFA19001FF6589FAFDDCF838" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<subSubSection id="C32F652CFFA19000FF6589FAFD32FC0C" box="[151,655,929,953]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA19000FF6589FAFD32FC0C" blockId="0.[151,1436,929,2028]" box="[151,655,929,953]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FF6589FAFD32FC0C" ID-CoL="34S52" authority="(Pombal & Bastos, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[151,655,929,953]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FF6589FAFEC7FC0C" box="[151,378,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Dendropsophus cruzi</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FE7A89F9FD3AFC0C" box="[392,647,930,953]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2134" refString="Pombal, J. P. Jr. & Bastos, R. P. (1998) Nova especie de Hyla laurenti, 1768 do centro-oeste brasileiro e a posicao taxonomica de H. microcephala werneri Cochran, 1952 e H. microcephala meridiana B. Lutz, 1952 (Anura, Hylidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, 390, 1 - 13." type="journal article">Pombal & Bastos, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32F652CFFA19000FD6789F9FBC6F8D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA19000FD6789F9FEE6FB44" blockId="0.[151,1436,929,2028]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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is a small hylid (male snout-to-vent length =
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<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FB8089F9FAADFC0C" box="[1138,1296,930,953]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.785" metricValueMax="1.94" metricValueMin="1.63" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="17.85" valueMax="19.4" valueMin="16.3">16.3–19.4 mm</quantity>
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; female SVL = 21.3–25.0 mm) that is allocated in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FDB9899EFCB5FC69" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[587,776,964,988]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FDB9899EFCB5FC69" box="[587,776,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. microcephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FCA9899EFBFBFC69" box="[859,1094,964,988]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref1835" refString="Faivovich, J., Haddad, C. F. B., Garcia, P. C. de A., Frost, D. R., Campbell, J. A., & Wheeler, W. C. (2005) Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: a phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 294, 1 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2005) 294 [0001: SROTFF] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article">
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Faivovich
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FC3D899EFBB8FC69" box="[975,1029,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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). It is commonly found in Open and forested areas from Central
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<collectingCountry id="F3227637FFA19000FE1989B3FD91FC4A" box="[491,556,1000,1023]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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to Provincia Velasco,
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<collectingRegion id="49F1F845FFA19000FCE889B3FBF3FC4A" box="[794,1102,1000,1023]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Departamento de Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3227637FFA19000FBAA89B3FB1BFC4A" box="[1112,1190,1000,1023]" name="Bolivia" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FB4689B3FA91FC4A" box="[1204,1324,1000,1023]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2012" refString="Frost, D. R. (2017) Amphibian Species of the World: An online reference. Version 6. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. php (accessed 15 February 2017)" type="journal article">Frost 2017</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FAC789B3FEADFB94" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2337" refString="Tessarolo, G., Maciel, N. M., Morais, A. R. & Bastos, R. P. (2016) Geographic variation in advertisement calls among populations of Dendropsophus cruzi (Anura: Hylidae). Herpetological Journal, 26, 219 - 224." type="journal article">
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Tessarolo
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FF658E51FF73FB94" box="[151,206,1033,1057]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
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2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FED18E51FD8CFB94" box="[291,561,1034,1057]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2134" refString="Pombal, J. P. Jr. & Bastos, R. P. (1998) Nova especie de Hyla laurenti, 1768 do centro-oeste brasileiro e a posicao taxonomica de H. microcephala werneri Cochran, 1952 e H. microcephala meridiana B. Lutz, 1952 (Anura, Hylidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, 390, 1 - 13." type="journal article">Pombal & Bastos (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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described the advertisement call of
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<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FC4E8E51FBAEFB94" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[956,1043,1034,1057]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FC4E8E51FBAEFB94" box="[956,1043,1034,1057]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. cruzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a single pulsed note. Posteriorly, studies uncovered relationships between dominant frequency variation in the advertisement calls of
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<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FAFE8E76FAD5FBF1" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1292,1384,1069,1092]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FAFE8E76FAD5FBF1" box="[1292,1384,1069,1092]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. cruzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and variation in the SVL and mass of males (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FDB88E0BFCB3FBD2" box="[586,782,1103,1127]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref1741" refString="Bastos, R. P., Bueno, M. A. F., Dutra, L. P. & Lima, S. L. (2003) Padrao de vocalizacao de anuncio em especies de Hylidae (Anura) do Brasil central. Comunicacao do Museu de Ciencias Tecnologicas da PUCRS, 16, 39 - 51." type="journal article">
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Bastos
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FD688E0BFD72FBD2" box="[666,719,1103,1127]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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), as well as the existence of a clinal geographic pattern in the variation of acoustic parameters of these calls (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FD638E29FCCAFB3C" box="[657,887,1137,1161]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2337" refString="Tessarolo, G., Maciel, N. M., Morais, A. R. & Bastos, R. P. (2016) Geographic variation in advertisement calls among populations of Dendropsophus cruzi (Anura: Hylidae). Herpetological Journal, 26, 219 - 224." type="journal article">
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Tessarolo
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FCF28E29FC92FB3C" box="[768,815,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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). However, the acoustic communication in anurans is usually mediated by more than one vocalization
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<typeStatus id="548E8805FFA19000FD3B8ECEFD4AFB19" box="[713,759,1173,1196]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">type</typeStatus>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FCF58ECEFC65FB19" box="[775,984,1172,1196]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2390" refString="Toledo, L. F., Martins, I. A., Bruschi, D. P., Passos, M. A., Alexande, C. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2015) The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context. Acta Ethologica, 18, 87 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10211 - 014 - 0194 - 4" type="journal article">
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Toledo
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FCAE8ECEFC28FB19" box="[860,917,1172,1196]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
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2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Due the importance of call
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<typeStatus id="548E8805FFA19000FAEE8ECEFAE9FB19" box="[1308,1364,1173,1196]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">types</typeStatus>
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in the social context of anurans (
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FE5D8EE3FE68FB7A" box="[431,469,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">e.g.</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FE108EE3FDC6FB7A" box="[482,635,1208,1231]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2201" refString="Reichert, M. S. (2011) Aggressive calls improve leading callers' attractiveness in the treefrog Dendropsophus ebraccatus. Behavioral Ecology, 22, 951 - 959. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / beheco / arr 074" type="journal article">Reichert 2011</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FD778EE3FC89FB7A" box="[645,820,1207,1231]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref1945" refString="Forti, L. R., Forti, A. B. B. S., Marquez, R. & Toledo, L. F. (2017) Behavioural response evoked by conspecific distress calls in two neotropical treefrogs. Ethology, 123 (12), 942 - 948. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / eth. 12693" type="journal article">
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Forti
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<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FD4D8EE3FD48FB7A" box="[703,757,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2017
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), we expand the vocal repertoire of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FB428EE3FAB8FB7A" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1200,1285,1208,1231]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FB428EE3FAB8FB7A" box="[1200,1285,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by describing its aggressive call.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA19000FF358EA6FD02F9DA" blockId="0.[151,1436,929,2028]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
|
|||
|
|
We recorded the advertisement and aggressive calls of nine males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FC1C8EA6FBF7FAA1" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1006,1098,1277,1300]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FC1C8EA6FBF7FAA1" box="[1006,1098,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
at different ponds located in municipalities of Itajá (
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FE7D8F7BFDA8FA82" box="[399,533,1312,1335]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="15" value="-18.895555">18°53’44” S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FDD38F7BFD0FFA82" box="[545,690,1312,1335]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="15" value="-51.673336">51°40’24” W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FD4E8F7BFD42FA82" box="[700,767,1312,1335]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="511.0">511 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
a.s.l.; n =
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D33FD2EFFA19000FC9F8F7BFC7FFA82" box="[877,962,1312,1335]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF8B1067FFA19000FC3F8F7BFBC0FA82" box="[973,1149,1312,1335]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" value="2016-11">November 2016</date>
|
|||
|
|
), Caldas Novas (
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FAC28F7BFF1AFAEC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="15" value="-17.828056">17°49'41" S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FF478F19FEFEFAEC" box="[181,323,1346,1369]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="15" value="-48.65139">48°39'05" W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FEA38F19FE2BFAEC" box="[337,406,1346,1369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="805.0">805 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
a.s.l.; n =
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D33FD2EFFA19000FDFD8F19FDE1FAEC" box="[527,604,1346,1369]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF8B1067FFA19000FD9B8F19FCA6FAEC" box="[617,795,1346,1369]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" value="2014-11">November 2014</date>
|
|||
|
|
), Pilar de
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49F1F845FFA19000FC7E8F19FC77FAEC" box="[908,970,1346,1369]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goiás</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FC2E8F19FB3AFAEC" box="[988,1159,1346,1369]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="1" value="-14.808781">14°48’31.61” S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FB668F19FAF4FAEC" box="[1172,1353,1346,1369]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="1" value="-49.526768">49°31’36.36” W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FAA48F19FA21FAEC" box="[1366,1436,1346,1369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.359999999999999" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="736.0">736 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
a.s.l.; n =
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D33FD2EFFA19000FF0D8F3EFEF7FAC9" box="[255,330,1381,1404]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF8B1067FFA19000FEA68F3EFE49FAC9" box="[340,500,1381,1404]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" value="2017-02">February 2017</date>
|
|||
|
|
), and Rio Verde (
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FD5E8F3EFCE9FAC9" box="[684,852,1381,1404]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="1" value="-17.846346">17°50’46.84” S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FC928F3EFBAEFAC9" box="[864,1043,1381,1404]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="1" value="-50.87317">50°52’23.41” W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FBEE8F3EFBDDFAC9" box="[1052,1120,1381,1404]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.72" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="672.0">672 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
a.s.l.; n =
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D33FD2EFFA19000FB3C8F3EFA9EFAC9" box="[1230,1315,1381,1404]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF8B1067FFA19000FADC8F3EFF6DFA2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" value="2016-12">December 2016</date>
|
|||
|
|
), State of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49F1F845FFA19000FEB58FD3FE35FA2A" box="[327,392,1416,1439]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goiás</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, Central
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3227637FFA19000FE1D8FD3FD8EFA2A" box="[495,563,1416,1439]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. In all cases, we observed males during acoustic interactions with conspecific individuals (territorial dispute;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FE028FF1FD7EFA74" box="[496,707,1449,1473]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2390" refString="Toledo, L. F., Martins, I. A., Bruschi, D. P., Passos, M. A., Alexande, C. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2015) The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context. Acta Ethologica, 18, 87 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10211 - 014 - 0194 - 4" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Toledo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FDB78FF1FDC2FA74" box="[581,639,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2015
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and two of these interactions escalated to physical combat. We obtained the vocalizations using a Marantz PMD 660 or TASCAN DR-40 recorder (sample rate 44 kHz and 16-bit resolution, stored in.wav files) with a Sennheiser ME66 microphone placed at about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CCD9B42FFA19000FBC98FABFB3DF9B2" box="[1083,1152,1520,1543]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
from the calling frog. All recordings were conducted during the night (from 19:00h to 00:00h). Voucher specimens were deposited at the Zoological Collection of Universidade Federal de
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49F1F845FFA19000FD478C6EFD4EF9F9" box="[693,755,1589,1612]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goiás</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
(ZUFG 9577) and at the Herpetological Collection of Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde (IFRV 390-95).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA19000FF358C21FBC6F8D4" blockId="0.[151,1436,929,2028]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
|
|||
|
|
For each recorded individual, we analyzed five advertisement calls and all emitted aggressive calls. We used Raven Pro 1.4 (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FF0F8CC6FD1DF901" box="[253,672,1693,1716]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref1804" refString="Bioacoustics Research Program (2011) Raven Pro: Interactive Sound Analysis Software. Version 1.4. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. [software]" type="book">Bioacoustics Research Program 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) to analyze the temporal and spectral parameters of the calls. The following parameters were measured: pulse rate (pulses/s), call duration (s), pulse number (pulses/calls), pulse duration (s), dominant frequency (Hz), upper and lower frequencies (Hz), frequency amplitude (Hz), and total repetition rate (calls/min) (see Forti
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FE778D5EFE03F8A9" box="[389,446,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2015). Call description and terminology followed
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FC1C8D5EFB70F8A9" box="[1006,1229,1796,1820]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2390" refString="Toledo, L. F., Martins, I. A., Bruschi, D. P., Passos, M. A., Alexande, C. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2015) The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context. Acta Ethologica, 18, 87 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10211 - 014 - 0194 - 4" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Toledo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FBB38D5EFBC4F8A9" box="[1089,1145,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2015)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Spectrograms and waveforms were prepared using the R package Seewave 1.6.4 (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA19000FCB18D73FBBEF88A" box="[835,1027,1831,1855]" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" refId="ref2244" refString="Sueur, J., Aubin, T. & Simonis, C. (2008) Seewave, a free modular tool for sound analysis and synthesis. Bioacoustics, 18, 213 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09524622.2008.9753600" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Sueur
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FC798D73FC7FF88A" box="[907,962,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2008
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), with the following settings: window name (Fourier transform window) = Hanning; window length = 256 samples; overlap = 90%.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C32F652CFFA19001FF358D36FB32FA58" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA19001FF358D36FBA3FEA2" blockId="0.[151,1436,929,2028]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,152,279]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
|
|||
|
|
The advertisement call (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130E2A22FFA19000FE388D36FDB4F831" box="[458,521,1901,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,348,1161]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,333,1175]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1.Spectrogram (top) andoscilogram(bottom) ofthe advertisement andaggressive calls) of Dendropsophus cruzifromItajá municipality,state of Goiás, Brazil (air temperature = 22.6°C; SVL = 17.5; mass = 0.2 g)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1172418/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA19000FDCA8D36FD32F831" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[568,655,1901,1924]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA19000FDCA8D36FD32F831" box="[568,655,1901,1924]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D. cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was composed by a single pulsed note and the call duration varied from 0.006 to
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FF068DCBFEFCF812" box="[244,321,1936,1959]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="-0.023">0.023 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
(mean = 0.013 ±
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FE0F8DCBFDF6F812" box="[509,587,1936,1959]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="-0.004">0.004 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
; n = 50 calls). The pulse number and pulse duration varied, respectively, from 1 to 8 pulses/call (X = 3.775 ± 1.49; n = 50 calls) and from 0.002 to
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FCA08DE9FC23F87C" box="[850,926,1970,1993]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="-0.008">0.008 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
(mean = 0.003 ±
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA19000FBAB8DE9FB1AF87C" box="[1113,1191,1970,1993]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="-0.001">0.001 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
; n = 150 pulses). Pulse rate ranged from 166.66 to 347.82 pulses/s (mean = 278.21 ± 42.59 pulses/s; n = 50 calls). Repetition rate ranged from 88 to 238 calls/minute (mean = 167.12 ± 50.17 calls/minute; n =
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D33FD2EFFA09001FCBF8AC3FC1AFF1A" box="[845,935,152,175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="male">9 males</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
). Dominant frequency ranged from 4478.9 to 7312.5 Hz (mean = 6476.74 ± 688.4 Hz; n = 50 calls), upper frequency from 4823.4 to 7687.5 Hz (mean = 6834.64 ± 719.03 Hz; n = 50 calls), lower frequency from 4134.4 to 6937.5 Hz (mean = 6106.69 ± 702.72 Hz; n = 50 calls), and frequency amplitude from 689 to 750 Hz (mean = 727.94 ± 113.22 Hz; n = 50 calls).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF4A662FFFA09001FF658EF5FC44FB54" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1172418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" startId="1.[151,244,1198,1220]" targetBox="[169,1414,348,1161]" targetPageId="1">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA09001FF658EF5FC44FB54" blockId="1.[151,1436,1198,1249]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FF658EF5FEB1FB71" bold="true" box="[151,268,1198,1220]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Spectrogram (top) and oscilogram (bottom) of the advertisement and aggressive calls) of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FB998EF5FA85FB76" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1131,1336,1198,1219]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FB998EF5FA85FB76" box="[1131,1336,1198,1219]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Dendropsophus cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Itajá municipality, state of Goiás, Brazil (air temperature = 22.6 °C; SVL = 17.5; mass = 0.2 g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA09001FF358F5DFB32FA58" blockId="1.[151,1436,1286,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
|
|||
|
|
Aggressive calls were also composed by a single pulsed note (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130E2A22FFA09001FCAE8F5DFC26FAA8" box="[860,923,1286,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,348,1161]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,333,1175]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1.Spectrogram (top) andoscilogram(bottom) ofthe advertisement andaggressive calls) of Dendropsophus cruzifromItajá municipality,state of Goiás, Brazil (air temperature = 22.6°C; SVL = 17.5; mass = 0.2 g)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1172418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Call duration varied from 0.033 to
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA09001FAD68F5DFADEFAA8" box="[1316,1379,1286,1309]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" precision="555" value="-0.45">0.45 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
(X = 0.159 ±
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA09001FF1D8F72FE83FAF5" box="[239,318,1321,1344]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" precision="55" value="-0.087">0.087 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
; N = 65 calls), while pulse rate varied from 162.22 to 292.37 pulses/s (X = 228.82 ± 27.27 pulses/s; N = 65 calls). The pulse number and pulse duration varied, respectively, from 8 to 73 pulses/call (X = 35.7 ± 17.98; N = 65 calls) and from 0.0008 to
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA09001FE468F35FDB9FA30" box="[436,516,1390,1413]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" precision="55" value="-0.003">0.003 s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
(X = 0.002 ±
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE015060FFA09001FD568F35FD46FA30" box="[676,763,1390,1413]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" precision="5" value="-6.0E-4">0.0006s</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
; N = 195 pulses). Dominant frequency varied from 4995.7 to 7125 Hz (X = 6214.29 ± 473.81 Hz; N = 65 calls), upper frequency varied from 5168 to 8062.5 Hz (X = 7588.28 ± 1886.51 Hz; N = 65 calls), lower frequency varied from 4306.6 to 6187.5 Hz (X = 5423.17 ± 641.76 Hz; N = 50 calls), and frequency amplitude varied from 750 to 3375 Hz (X = 1598.53 ± 787.58 Hz; N = 65 calls).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C32F652CFFA09001FF358FA2FDDCF838" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA09001FF358FA2FCACF92E" blockId="1.[151,1436,1286,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
|
|||
|
|
The advertisement call of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FE2C8FA2FD89F9A5" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[478,564,1529,1552]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FE2C8FA2FD89F9A5" box="[478,564,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
agree in terms of call properties with all previous descriptions (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FB2D8FA2FF72F986" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2134" refString="Pombal, J. P. Jr. & Bastos, R. P. (1998) Nova especie de Hyla laurenti, 1768 do centro-oeste brasileiro e a posicao taxonomica de H. microcephala werneri Cochran, 1952 e H. microcephala meridiana B. Lutz, 1952 (Anura, Hylidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, 390, 1 - 13." type="journal article">Pombal & Bastos 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FF2C8C47FE13F986" box="[222,430,1563,1587]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref1741" refString="Bastos, R. P., Bueno, M. A. F., Dutra, L. P. & Lima, S. L. (2003) Padrao de vocalizacao de anuncio em especies de Hylidae (Anura) do Brasil central. Comunicacao do Museu de Ciencias Tecnologicas da PUCRS, 16, 39 - 51." type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Bastos
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FEC38C47FED6F986" box="[305,363,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2003
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FE4F8C47FD10F986" box="[445,685,1563,1587]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2337" refString="Tessarolo, G., Maciel, N. M., Morais, A. R. & Bastos, R. P. (2016) Geographic variation in advertisement calls among populations of Dendropsophus cruzi (Anura: Hylidae). Herpetological Journal, 26, 219 - 224." type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Tessarolo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FDDC8C47FDD5F986" box="[558,616,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2016
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Call duration, pulse number, pulse duration, upper frequency and frequency amplitude were higher in aggressive calls than in advertisement calls, whereas pulse duration and lower frequency were higher in advertisement calls. Aggressive calls were only emitted by males in the presence of a nearby conspecific male, in a context of defence of the calling site.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8A36A7FFA09001FF358CFDFDDCF838" blockId="1.[151,1436,1286,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
|
|||
|
|
The
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FF098CFEFDF5F908" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[251,584,1701,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FF098CFEFDF5F908" box="[251,584,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Dendropsophus microcephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group contains more than 30 species (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FC098CFDFB53F908" box="[1019,1262,1701,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref1835" refString="Faivovich, J., Haddad, C. F. B., Garcia, P. C. de A., Frost, D. R., Campbell, J. A., & Wheeler, W. C. (2005) Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: a phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 294, 1 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2005) 294 [0001: SROTFF] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Faivovich
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FB808CFCFB19F908" box="[1138,1188,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FB0E8CFDFAC9F908" box="[1276,1396,1702,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2012" refString="Frost, D. R. (2017) Amphibian Species of the World: An online reference. Version 6. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. php (accessed 15 February 2017)" type="journal article">Frost 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) of which few have their aggressive calls described (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FD5B8C92FD6DF955" box="[681,720,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">e.g.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FD2C8C92FCC8F955" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[734,885,1736,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ebraccatus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FD2C8C92FCC8F955" box="[734,885,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. ebraccatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FC718C92FBACF955" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[899,1041,1736,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phlebodes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FC718C92FBACF955" box="[899,1041,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. phlebodes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FBB58C92FAA1F955" box="[1095,1308,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. microcephalus—</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FAEE8C92FEACF8B6" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2291" refString="Schwartz, J. J. & Wells, K. D. (1985) Intra- and interspecific vocal behavior of the neotropical treefrog Hyla microcephala. Copeia, 1985, 27 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444787" type="journal article">Schwartz & Wells 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FEEE8CB7FE32F8B6" box="[284,399,1772,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="werneri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FEEE8CB7FE32F8B6" box="[284,399,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. werneri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
—
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FE588CB7FDC0F8B6" box="[426,637,1771,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2068" refString="Lingnau, R., Guimaraes, L. D. & Bastos, R. P. (2004) Vocalizacoes de Hyla werneri (Anura, Hylidae) no sul do Brasil. Phyllomedusa, 3, 115 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2316 - 9079. v 3 i 2 p 115 - 120" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingnau
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FDFA8CB7FD80F8B6" box="[520,573,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2004
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The aggressive call of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FC8E8CB7FC6CF8B6" baseAuthorityName="Pombal & Bastos" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[892,977,1772,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FC8E8CB7FC6CF8B6" box="[892,977,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. cruzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has a higher pulse number than those of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FA708CB7FE68F890" authority="(Lingnau et al. 2004)" authorityName="Lingnau et al." authorityYear="2004" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="werneri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FA708CB7FF57F893" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. werneri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FF0A8D55FE73F890" box="[248,462,1805,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2068" refString="Lingnau, R., Guimaraes, L. D. & Bastos, R. P. (2004) Vocalizacoes de Hyla werneri (Anura, Hylidae) no sul do Brasil. Phyllomedusa, 3, 115 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2316 - 9079. v 3 i 2 p 115 - 120" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingnau
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FEA88D54FE2DF890" box="[346,400,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2004
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and higher dominant frequency than
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FC9B8D54FC63F893" box="[873,990,1807,1830]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="werneri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FC9B8D54FC63F893" box="[873,990,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. werneri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FC1E8D54FB14F890" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1004,1193,1805,1830]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FC1E8D54FB14F890" box="[1004,1193,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. microcephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FB458D54FAF0F890" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1207,1357,1805,1830]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ebraccatus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FB458D54FAF0F890" box="[1207,1357,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. ebraccatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FA708D54FEBEF8FD" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phlebodes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FA708D54FEBEF8FD" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. phlebodes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FEE38D6AFDA8F8FD" box="[273,533,1841,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2291" refString="Schwartz, J. J. & Wells, K. D. (1985) Intra- and interspecific vocal behavior of the neotropical treefrog Hyla microcephala. Copeia, 1985, 27 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444787" type="journal article">Schwartz & Wells 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FDD08D6AFD44F8FD" box="[546,761,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2068" refString="Lingnau, R., Guimaraes, L. D. & Bastos, R. P. (2004) Vocalizacoes de Hyla werneri (Anura, Hylidae) no sul do Brasil. Phyllomedusa, 3, 115 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2316 - 9079. v 3 i 2 p 115 - 120" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingnau
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FD708D6AFD05F8FD" box="[642,696,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2004
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Despite extensive research on anuran bioacoustics (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B56FFA09001FAC78D6AFF45F8DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" refId="ref2390" refString="Toledo, L. F., Martins, I. A., Bruschi, D. P., Passos, M. A., Alexande, C. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2015) The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context. Acta Ethologica, 18, 87 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10211 - 014 - 0194 - 4" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Toledo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FA7B8D6AFF0EF8DE" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2015
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), little is known about aggressive calls, and our results contribute to improve the knowledge about the bioacustics of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C354D24FFA09001FEAA8D2CFDA8F838" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[344,533,1909,1934]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B941EAB5FFA09001FEAA8D2CFDA8F838" box="[344,533,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">D. microcephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|