<mods:affiliationid="6EC110573CF8B27E19A0E32940BFB923">Ocean Research Explorations, P. O. Box 235926, Honolulu, Hawaii 96823. * Correspondence: E-mail: gcrow @ hawaii. edu (Crow)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="8F45986C87F63A5B721BAF33534A9FF4">Department of Natural Sciences, College of Natural and Computer Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, 45 - 045 Kamehameha Highway, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744. E-mail: bholland @ hpu. edu (Holland)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="8C0E46AEEF571C84DE237E86FBA2ADDA">Waikiki Aquarium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2777 Kalakaua Avenue, Honolulu, Hawaii 96815. E-mail: kelleyl @ hawaii. edu (Niide)</mods:affiliation>
<collectionCodeid="12A594EA5F600A52FBC5FA627C7EF776"box="[1038,1118,1533,1557]"country="Australia"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"name="South Australia Museum"pageId="4"pageNumber="5"type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F600A52FC54F9A27C22F736"box="[927,1026,1597,1621]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="5.[136,167,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[143,1407,1290,1841]"captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[136,1413,1285,1849]"captionTargetPageId="5"captionText="Fig. 2. Eirene menoni medusa Australia images. (A) SAMA H3614 (current bell width 14.2 mm) collected 12 Feb 1961 at Aldinga Reef, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Paul Kramp. (B) SAMA H3615 (current bell width 10.6 mm) collected 1 Jan 1964 between Hopkins and Thistle Islands, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Ronald V. Southcott. Images courtesy of the South Australian Museum (Shirley Sorokin, Andrea Crowther and Peter Hunt)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828535"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828535/files/figure.png"pageId="4"pageNumber="5">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F600A52FB84F9A27CC9F737"author="Kramp PL"box="[1103,1257,1596,1620]"pageId="4"pageNumber="5"pagination="257 - 278"refId="ref10214"refString="Kramp PL. 1965. Some medusae (mainly Scyphomedusae) from Australian coastal waters. Trans Roy Soc S Aust 89: 257 - 278."type="journal article"year="1965">Kramp 1965</bibRefCitation>
).
<collectionCodeid="12A594EA5F600A52FAC9F9A27D72F736"box="[1282,1362,1597,1621]"country="Australia"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"name="South Australia Museum"pageId="4"pageNumber="5"type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F600A52FA4BF9027B56F7B6"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="5.[136,167,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[143,1407,1290,1841]"captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[136,1413,1285,1849]"captionTargetPageId="5"captionText="Fig. 2. Eirene menoni medusa Australia images. (A) SAMA H3614 (current bell width 14.2 mm) collected 12 Feb 1961 at Aldinga Reef, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Paul Kramp. (B) SAMA H3615 (current bell width 10.6 mm) collected 1 Jan 1964 between Hopkins and Thistle Islands, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Ronald V. Southcott. Images courtesy of the South Australian Museum (Shirley Sorokin, Andrea Crowther and Peter Hunt)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828535"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828535/files/figure.png"pageId="4"pageNumber="5">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
<collectionCodeid="12A594EA5F600A52FC45F9227BFCF7B6"box="[910,988,1725,1749]"country="Australia"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982"name="South Australia Museum"pageId="4"pageNumber="5"type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
<tableCitationid="393639945F610A53FDB7FE627AEAF375"box="[636,714,509,534]"captionStart="Table 1"captionStartId="3.[136,199,1126,1150]"captionText="Table 1. Taxa included in COI phylogenetic analysis, with GenBank accession numbers, sampling locations, and GPS coordinates. Note that geographic source of collection is not always known with confidence for specimens obtained from public aquaria, and for two gene sequences from China. The GenBank entries that lacked geographic source information are marked as unknown. In cases where more than one COI sequence was included from a location, the number of samples is indicated (n)"pageId="5"pageNumber="6">Table 1</tableCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F610A53FF64FD02794CF3D6"author="Bouillon J."box="[175,364,669,693]"pageId="5"pageNumber="6"pagination="25 - 112"refId="ref9249"refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismark (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee. Partie IV: Indo-Malayan Zool 1: 25 - 112."type="journal article"year="1984">Bouillon (1984)</bibRefCitation>
description of polyp,
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F610A53FDB7FD0278F5F3B6"author="Bouillon J."pageId="5"pageNumber="6"pagination="223 - 238"refId="ref9275"refString="Bouillon J. 1995. Hydromedusae of the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). N Z J Zool 22: 223 - 238. doi: 10.1 080 / 03014223.1995.9518038."type="journal article"year="1995">Bouillon (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, and this study. Medusae-Bell more flat than bell shaped; Bell diameter usually
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F610A53FE39FC827A6CF256"box="[498,588,797,821]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F610A53FE49FCE279F7F2F6"box="[386,471,893,917]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F610A53FE17FC227A78F2B6"box="[476,600,957,981]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B–D</figureCitation>
with gonads extending from the base of the peduncle almost to the ring canal.
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F610A53FD5EFB8178F1F536"author="Kramp PL"pageId="5"pageNumber="6"pagination="257 - 278"refId="ref10214"refString="Kramp PL. 1965. Some medusae (mainly Scyphomedusae) from Australian coastal waters. Trans Roy Soc S Aust 89: 257 - 278."type="journal article"year="1965">Kramp (1965)</bibRefCitation>
reported that gonadal length was variable and in Victoria, South Australia specimens extends from near the radial ring canal to more than half the distance to the base of the peduncle.
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F610A53FE0DFB027A4BF5D6"author="Sugiura Y."box="[454,619,1181,1205]"pageId="5"pageNumber="6"pagination="5 - 8"refId="ref11096"refString="Sugiura Y. 1979. On a hydromedusa Eirene menoni Kramp from Amakusa, Japan. Proc Jap Soc Syst Zool no 16: 5 - 8."type="journal article"year="1979">Sugiura (1979)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated and stated, “gonads begin to be formed on the radial canals neighboring the basal part of the stomachal peduncle and with growth of the medusa they gradually elongate downwards and widen along the radial canal.” Marginal tentacles typically same length, and about
<quantityid="B34CA1CA5F610A53FB4EFE227CDCF0B6"box="[1157,1276,445,470]"metricMagnitude="-1"metricUnit="m"metricValue="4.572"metricValueMax="5.08"metricValueMin="4.064"pageId="5"pageNumber="6"unit="in"value="18.0"valueMax="20.0"valueMin="16.0">16 to 20 in</quantity>
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5.2–8.0 mm bell diameter specimens. Color of tentacle bulb and between bases of the four oral “lips” varies from green, reddish brown to dark brown. No cirri, excretory papillae or rudimentary bulbs (warts) are present on ring canal, canal contains 1–3 statocysts between successive tentacles (not visible after preservation). Reproduction through a polyp and planula stage. Cnidome composed of elongated fusiform microbasic mastigophores, measuring 10.5 × 3.0 µm to 9.0 × 2.5 µm. Typically found near surface, often near rivers or estuaries, down to a depth of
Polyps (live and fixed) - Released planula settle at 24 hours and differentiates in polyp stage after three days. Attached planula forms stolonal colonies, arising from creeping hydrorhiza. Hydrorhizal stolons long, slender with distance between polyps (
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F610A53FAE9FC227D58F2B5"box="[1314,1400,957,982]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="6">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
), hydrothecal pedicels with a thin annulated hydrocaulus that extend in a strong, extensible polyp. The polyp grows erect with a long hydrocaulus, hydranths can be large or reduced, narrowest at base, gastric region typically vase-to slightly club-shaped, constricted short distance below tentacular whorl, constriction usually pronounced but sometimes, indistinct, hydranth expanding again at the distal end, here becoming subspherical to knob-shaped (
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F630A51FE14FF627A77F075"box="[479,599,253,278]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="7"pageNumber="8">Fig. 3E, F</figureCitation>
) supporting whorl of tentacles; tentacles filiform, in one whorl, 10 marginal tentacles; their bases with intertentacular web. Hydroid hydranth tentacles when disturbed or preserved retract almost completely into the hydrotheca (
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F630A51FD4AFEE27AF5F0F5"box="[641,725,381,406]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[174,205,1869,1888]"captionTargetBox="[170,1451,249,1840]"captionTargetId="figure-5@6.[167,1461,249,1848]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 3. Eirene menoni medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828537"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828537/files/figure.png"pageId="7"pageNumber="8">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
medusa Australia images. (A) SAMA H3614 (current bell width 14.2 mm) collected 12 Feb 1961 at Aldinga Reef, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Paul Kramp. (B) SAMA H3615 (current bell width 10.6 mm) collected 1 Jan 1964 between Hopkins and Thistle Islands, Victoria, South Australia and identified by Ronald V. Southcott. Images courtesy of the South Australian Museum (Shirley Sorokin, Andrea Crowther and Peter Hunt).
medusae and polyps Japan images. Medusae (A–D) are images from preserved specimens NMST-Co 1808 originally collected at Shonan Fishing Port, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan (collected by Gaku Yamamoto). Polyps (E–F) are images of preserved cultured specimens NMST-Co 1809 from the Kamo Aquarium, Japan (collected by Shuhei Ikeda). Image (E) retracted tentacles on the long hydrocaulus and (F) shape of hydrotheca buds. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–F = 0.125 mm.
<figureCitationid="EC8F10AA5F630A51FDE4FDA27A51F335"box="[559,625,573,598]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="7.[136,167,1842,1861]"captionTargetBox="[402,1147,844,1814]"captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[402,1147,844,1814]"captionTargetPageId="7"captionText="Fig. 4. Biogeographical map showing validated wild capture distribution records for Eirene menoni and Eirene lacteoides. Eirene menoni records that are indicated by red triangle refer to holotype location, green circles refer to localities with COI mtDNA sequences, and yellow squares refer to localities obtained from published studies with sufficient description detail or documentation. Eirene lacteoides records are indicated by a blue diamond. The GPS data for these records is located under the specific species in the text. Specimens with public aquaria captive culture locations are referred to in the manuscript text."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828539"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828539/files/figure.png"pageId="7"pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
<collectingRegionid="B670C2CD5F630A51FE53FD627A55F276"box="[408,629,765,789]"inferredBySuffix="true"pageId="7"pageNumber="8">North West Territory</collectingRegion>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FB90FF617CCDF076"author="Kramp PL"box="[1115,1261,253,277]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="257 - 278"refId="ref10214"refString="Kramp PL. 1965. Some medusae (mainly Scyphomedusae) from Australian coastal waters. Trans Roy Soc S Aust 89: 257 - 278."type="journal article"year="1965">Kramp 1965</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FB30FF627BADF055"author="Gershwin L & Zeidler W & Davie PJF"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="47 - 108"refId="ref9802"refString="Gershwin L, Zeidler W, Davie PJF. 2010. Medusae (Cnidaria) of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Mem Queensland Mus 54: 47 - 108."type="journal article"year="2010">Gershwin et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FC73FE027C11F0D6"author="Ling SW"box="[952,1073,413,437]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="357 - 358"refId="ref10521"refString="Ling SW. 1936 - 1937. Studies on Chinese Hydrozoa. I. On some hydromedusae from the Chekiang Coast. Peking Nat Hist Bull 11: 357 - 358."type="journal article"year="1936">Ling 1936</bibRefCitation>
–1937;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FB4CFE017D10F0D5"author="Du F & Xu Z & Huang J & Guo D."box="[1159,1328,413,438]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="72 - 86"refId="ref9703"refString="Du F, Xu Z, Huang J, Guo D. 2010. New records of medusae (Cnidaria) from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, with descriptions of four new species. Pro Biol Soc Wash 123: 72 - 86. doi: 10.2988 / 09 - 18.1."type="journal article"year="2010">Du et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FAF4FE027B88F0B5"author="Zheng L & He J & Lin Y & Cao W & Zhang W."pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="55 - 76"refId="ref11333"refString="Zheng L, He J, Lin Y, Cao W, Zhang W. 2014. 16 S rRNA is a better choice than COI for DNA barcoding hydrozoans in coastal waters of China. Acta Oceanol Sinica 33: 55 - 76. doi: 10.1007 / s 13131 - 014 - 0415 - 8."type="journal article"year="2014">Zheng et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FC7EFE227CA0F0B6"author="Zhang D & Zheng L & He J & Zhang W & Lin Y & Li Y."box="[949,1152,445,469]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="50 - 60"refId="ref11285"refString="Zhang D, Zheng L, He J, Zhang W, Lin Y, Li Y. 2015. DNA barcoding of hydromedusae in northern Beibu Gulf for species identification. Biodiversity Science 23: 50 - 60. doi: 10.17520 / biods. 2014089."type="journal article"year="2015">Zhang et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FBB6FE617D01F375"author="Menon MGK"box="[1149,1313,510,534]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="1 - 32"refId="ref10624"refString="Menon MGK. 1932. The hydromedusae of Madras. Bull Madras Govt Mus, N S nat Hist Sect 3: 1 - 32."type="journal article"year="1932">Menon 1932</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FAF8FE617B49F356"author="Kramp PL"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="339 - 376"refId="ref10148"refString="Kramp PL. 1955. Hydromedusae in the Indian Museum. Rec Indian Mus 53: 339 - 376."type="journal article"year="1955">Kramp 1955</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FCB2FD427CE4F395"author="Sakiyama T & Adachi A."box="[889,1220,733,758]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="69 - 72"refId="ref10811"refString="Sakiyama T, Adachi A. 2001. Medusae collected in Enoshima-Shonan Port and its adjacent waters-II. Nat Hist Rep Kanagawa 22: 69 - 72. (in Japanese English abstract)"type="journal article"year="2001">Sakiyama and Adachi 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FB1FFD427B48F276"author="Okamoto K & Sugimura T & Ohtake J & Toh H & Katoh O."pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="31 - 33"refId="ref10703"refString="Okamoto K, Sugimura T, Ohtake J, Toh H, Katoh O. 2016. A checklist of the gelatinous zooplankton collected in Lake Hamana. Bull Shizuoka Pref Res Inst Fish 49: 31 - 33. (in Japanese with English abstract)"type="journal article"year="2016">Okamoto et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F630A51FCBDFD627BCEF275"author="Iwai M."box="[886,1006,765,790]"pageId="7"pageNumber="8"pagination="92 - 93"refId="ref10034"refString="Iwai M. 2021. Jellyfish found in northern Oita and Beppu Bay. Journal of natural history of Oita Bungoensis 4: 92 - 93. (in Japanese)"type="journal article"year="2021">Iwai 2021</bibRefCitation>
<collectingCountryid="0CA34CBF5F630A51FBCEFD617CCEF276"box="[1029,1262,765,790]"name="Papua New Guinea"pageId="7"pageNumber="8">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F6C0A5EFE76FF627A7DF075"author="Bouillon J."box="[445,605,253,278]"pageId="8"pageNumber="9"pagination="25 - 112"refId="ref9249"refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismark (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee. Partie IV: Indo-Malayan Zool 1: 25 - 112."type="journal article"year="1984">Bouillon 1984</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F6C0A5EFD68FE8278CCF036"author="Bouillon J."pageId="8"pageNumber="9"pagination="223 - 238"refId="ref9275"refString="Bouillon J. 1995. Hydromedusae of the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). N Z J Zool 22: 223 - 238. doi: 10.1 080 / 03014223.1995.9518038."type="journal article"year="1995">Bouillon 1995</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="102571DE5F6C0A5EFEE0FEE1799FF0F6"author="Kramp PL"box="[299,447,381,406]"pageId="8"pageNumber="9"pagination="305 - 366"refId="ref10193"refString="Kramp PL. 1962. Medusae of Vietnam. Vidensk Medd fra Dansk naturh Foren 124: 305 - 366."type="journal article"year="1962">Kramp 1962</bibRefCitation>
). This species is widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific.
