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139 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43b6b64a-b86b-4c0b-afcc-229ccecb6e16" ID-PMC="PMC3690914" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-288-1" ID-PubMed="23798897" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-288-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 288" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" checkinTime="1451247431953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno & Stahls, Gunilla" docDate="2013" docId="DB10013F08B51A919FC49CA42EB4E44A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 288: 1-213" docOrigin="ZooKeys 288" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" docTitle="Oligeriops Hull" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="582E2572FFD0FFB3884E8864FFF1A15A" masterDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668155636847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stahls, Gunilla</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>288</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>213</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-288-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB10013F08B51A919FC49CA42EB4E44A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB10013F08B51A919FC49CA42EB4E44A" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Oligeriops" authority="Hull" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops Hull</taxonomicName>
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Figs 249-253
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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Hull, 1937a: 26. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon chalybeus" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalybeus">Microdon chalybeus</taxonomicName>
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Ferguson, 1926a: 176, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Body length: 7-10 mm. Dark-coloured, stout-legged flies with oval abdomen and moderately long antennae. Head about as wide as thorax. Face convex; wider than an eye. Lateral oral margins produced. Vertex flat. Occiput wide
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<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">over</pageBreakToken>
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entire length, narrowest point halfway. Eye bare. Eye margins in male not converging at level of frons, with mutual distance around 4 times as large as width of antennal fossa. Antennal fossa about as wide as high. Antenna longer than distance between antennal fossa and anterior oral margin; basoflagellomere longer than scape; with dorsal margin curved dorsad, more or less sickle-shaped; bare. Postpronotum pilose. Scutellum semicircular; without calcars. Anepisternum weakly sulcate; pilose, with small bare part on ventral half. Anepimeron entirely pilose. Katepimeron convex; with wrinkled texture; bare. Wing: vein R4+5 with posterior appendix; vein M1 more or less straight, perpendicular to vein R4+5; postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular, with small appendix; crossvein r-m located between basal 1/6 of cell dm. Abdomen oval, about twice as long as wide. Tergites 3 and 4 fused. Sternite 1 pilose. Male genitalia: phallus not or little projecting beyond apex of hypandrium, slightly bent dorsad, shallowly furcate, with both processes about equally long; epandrium without ventrolateral ridge; surstylus unfurcate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Vein R4+5 with posterior appendix. Postpronotum pilose. Abdomen oval. Anepisternum largely pilose, at most with small bare part on ventral half. Basoflagellomere sickle-shaped: dorsal margin curved upward.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="12 - 32" title="New species of exotic syrphid flies." url="10.1155/1937/46960" volume="44" year="1937 a">Hull (1937a)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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as a genus, with only
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon chalybeus" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalybeus">Microdon chalybeus</taxonomicName>
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Ferguson, 1926 included, without indicating its diagnostic generic characters.
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 408" title="The morphology and inter-relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x" volume="26" year="1949">Hull (1949)</bibRefCitation>
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used the reduced size of the eyes (due to widened occiput and gena) and the sickle-shaped antenna as key characters.
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<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="In: Evenhuis NL (Ed) Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian regions. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu and E. J. Brill, Leiden" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" title="Family Syrphidae." year="1989">Thompson and Vockeroth (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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list
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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as synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheng, X-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="21 - 48" title="A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China." volume="1879" year="2008">Cheng and Thompson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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express their doubts about ranking
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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as a genus, while referring to the antennae of Australian
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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species as illustrated in
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson, EW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="517 - 544" title="Revision of Australian Syrphidae (Diptera). Part II, with a supplement to part I." volume="51" year="1926 b">Ferguson (1926b)</bibRefCitation>
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. These illustrations show that other species originally described in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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also have a curved basoflagellomere, just like
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon chalybeus" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalybeus">Microdon chalybeus</taxonomicName>
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Ferguson, 1926, but nevertheless these species were not included in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="12 - 32" title="New species of exotic syrphid flies." url="10.1155/1937/46960" volume="44" year="1937 a">Hull (1937a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 408" title="The morphology and inter-relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x" volume="26" year="1949">1949</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheng, X-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="21 - 48" title="A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China." volume="1879" year="2008">Cheng and Thompson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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state that 'Whether these other species have reduced eyes remains to be seen!'. However, as
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson, EW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="137 - 183" title="Revision of Australian Syrphidae (Diptera). Part I." volume="51" year="1926 a">Ferguson (1926a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson, EW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="517 - 544" title="Revision of Australian Syrphidae (Diptera). Part II, with a supplement to part I." volume="51" year="1926 b">, b</bibRefCitation>
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) already noticed, the four species he described are all
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘close’">'close'</normalizedToken>
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and 'very
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<normalizedToken originalValue="similar’">similar'</normalizedToken>
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. Examination of type specimens, additional material and original descriptions, has confirmed this, and has made clear that all five species presently included in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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have reduced eyes and sickle-shaped basoflagellomeres indeed. Based on these and other morphological similarities, there is no doubt that they are closely related.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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does not fit into the concept of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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s.s. as defined in the present paper. In addition to the reduced size of the eye and the curved basoflagellomere, the following characters distinguish
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Oligeriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligeriops" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oligeriops</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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: anepisternum almost entirely pilose, at most with small bare part ventrally; propleuron bare; postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular; phallus projecting little beyond apex of hypandrium, furcate near apex. Considering these characters in combination with the results of
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<bibRefCitation pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Reemer and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
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(in press)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, it is deemed not appropriate to include this taxon in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diversity and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Described species: 5. Australia (incl. Tasmania).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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