treatments-xml/data/CD/CA/FD/CDCAFDC789A7F3EF2503254F102BCC50.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" ID-PMC="PMC6031701" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-101-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" ID-PubMed="29997443" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305467" ModsDocID="1314-2003-101-1" checkinTime="1530177857167" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco O. O." docDate="2018" docId="CDCAFDC789A7F3EF2503254F102BCC50" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 101: 1-97" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 101" docPubDate="2018-06-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" docTitle="Tradescantia decora W. Bull, Cat. 1892: 3. 1892." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" masterDocTitle="Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1668138924118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2018-06-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number>101</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225012" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CDCAFDC789A7F3EF2503254F102BCC50" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDCAFDC789A7F3EF2503254F102BCC50" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
6. 
<taxonomicName authority="W. Bull, Cat. 1892: 3. 1892." authorityName="W. Bull, Cat. 1892: 3. 1892." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">Tradescantia decora W.Bull, Cat. 1892: 3. 1892.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Tradescantia decora W. Bull. Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211912" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">, 19</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia multibracteata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multibracteata">
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Tradescantia</pageBreakToken>
multibracteata
</taxonomicName>
M.Ferrarese et al. in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Büneker">Bueneker</normalizedToken>
et al. Phytotaxa 308 (1): 90. 2017. Holotype. BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Júlio">Julio</normalizedToken>
de Castilhos, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="às">as</normalizedToken>
margens do rio Toropi, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
antiga Usina de Quebra Dentes, fl., 26 Sep 2014, H.M. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Büneker">Bueneker</normalizedToken>
et al. 355, (HDCF!; isotype: SMDB n.v.). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia valida" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="valida">Tradescantia valida</taxonomicName>
G. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brückn">Brueckn</normalizedToken>
., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 510. 1932. Holotype. BRAZIL. Without province: s.loc., cult. in Hort. Bot. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Münster">Muenster</normalizedToken>
/W., fl., fr., 28 Apr 1932, s.leg. s.n. (B barcode B100296487!). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Neotype (designated here).</emphasis>
BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Jaguari, ca. 12.5 km ao norte de Jaguari na BR-287 em 
<normalizedToken originalValue="direção">direcao</normalizedToken>
a Santiago, fl., fr., Dec 2005, L.Y.S. Aona &amp; M.C. Machado 958 (UEC 2ex barcode UEC057324!; isoneotype to be distributed to: RB!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Herbs</emphasis>
ca. 30-70 cm tall, with indefinite base, rupicolous, rarely terrestrial. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Stems</emphasis>
erect, succulent, little branched only at the base; internodes 1.8-7 cm long at base, distally shorter, green, sometimes with vertical reddish-purple striations, glabrous. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leaves</emphasis>
spirally-alternate, sessile; ptyxis convolute; sheaths 0.4-3.8 cm long, light green, sometimes with vertical green or reddish-purple striations, glabrous, margin setose, with long hyaline hairs; blades 2.7-37.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.1-2.5 cm, linear elliptic to linear lanceolate to lanceolate, rarely ovate, falcate to complicate, succulent, glabrous, adaxially light to medium green, abaxially light green, rarely tinted vinaceous to completely vinaceous, turning olive-green to light brown when dry, base truncate to obtuse, margin green to vinaceous, setose at base or until the middle with long hyaline hairs, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous to inconspicuous, secondary veins inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Synflorescences</emphasis>
terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Inflorescences (main florescences)</emphasis>
consisting of a pedunculate 2-3(-5) cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 3.5-6.2 cm long, green, glabrous; basal bract inconspicuous, tubular, hyaline, glabrous; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts present, 1-3 per inflorescence, similar in shape and size to the cincinni bracts; cincinni bracts 1-3.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-1.2 cm, unequal to each other, lanceolate to ovate, rarely broadly ovate, spathaceous, glabrous, light green, abaxially slightly lighter, base truncate to obtuse, not saccate, margin green, setose at base or until the middle with long hyaline hairs, flat, apex acute; main florescence (4-)6-30-flowered; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Flowers</emphasis>
1-1.5 cm diam.; floral buds broadly ellipsoid, apex acuminate; pedicels 0.7-2 cm long, green, glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent, if present hairs hyaline; sepals 4.8-7.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3 mm, green, without dorsal keels, glabrous, rarely sparsely pilose at the apex, when present hairs eglandular, hyaline; petals 4-8.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.7-5.4 mm, flat, white to white with pink apex to light pink; stamens with filaments 2.8-5 mm long, anthers 0.8-1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.2 mm; ovary 1-1.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.3 cm, style 4-5.8 cm long; pistil longer than length the stamens. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Capsules</emphasis>
2.8-4.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.8-3 mm. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Seeds</emphasis>
1.1-3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.8 mm, cleft towards the embryotega, testa grey to greyish-brown, cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="specimens seen">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Specimens seen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
: Jaguari, gruta linha 1, fr., 27 Dec 1985, J.N.C. Marchiori 149 (HDCF); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Martinho da Serra, Salto do Guassupi, fl., 4 Oct 2015, H.M. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Büneker">Bueneker</normalizedToken>
et al. 492 (HDCF, SMDB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; in the Atlantic Forest and Pampa domains (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Tradescantia decora W. Bull. Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211912" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">19</figureCitation>
). It can be found growing as rupicolous, rarely as a terrestrial, in rocky walls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">It was found in bloom and fruit in December and April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
The epithet &quot; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">decora</emphasis>
&quot; means decorated, ornamented, making reference to this species beautiful appearance, decorated by its lush foliage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from five collections restricted to the state of Rio Grande do Sul, one of them cultivated in Berlin and without precise locality. Furthermore, its EOO and AOO are considerably narrow (ca. 672.001 km2 and ca. 16.000 km2, respectively). According to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bünecker">Buenecker</normalizedToken>
et al. (2017), this spe 
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">cies</pageBreakToken>
is known to present small subpopulations, with its distribution range being extremely threatened by the construction of small hydroelectric powerplants in the next few years (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5902/2358198014685" author="Marchiori, JNC" journalOrPublisher="Balduinia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 16" refId="B27" refString="Marchiori, JNC, Canto-Dorow, TS, Büneker, HM, Essi, L, Breier, TB, Pontes, RC, 2014. Campos e florestas no curso medio do Rio Toropi, Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil): Retrato de um admiravel patrimonio ameacado. Balduinia 45: 1 - 16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5902/2358198014685" title="Campos e florestas no curso medio do Rio Toropi, Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil): Retrato de um admiravel patrimonio ameacado." url="https://doi.org/10.5902/2358198014685" volume="45" year="2014">Marchiori et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). This might cause most or all known subpopulations to become extinct in the near future, since this species grows in rock walls near water bodies. Thus, in accordance with the IUCN recommendations (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B25" refString="IUCN, 2001. The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge. http://www.iucnredlist.org/" title="The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered as Critically Endangered [CR, A2ac+B2ab(iii, iv, v)+D1+E].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclatural notes">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nomenclatural notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
After analysing the original publication (
<bibRefCitation author="Bull, W" journalOrPublisher="2. Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="B6" refString="Bull, W, 1892. Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." title="Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." year="1892">Bull 1892</bibRefCitation>
), I have concluded that, like most species described in Seed and Nursery Catalogues, 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was probably described based on living and cultivated material. Thus, no voucher was ever made for this name. Unfortunately, 
<bibRefCitation author="Bull, W" journalOrPublisher="2. Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="B6" refString="Bull, W, 1892. Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." title="Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." year="1892">Bull (1892)</bibRefCitation>
does not present any kind of il 
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">lustration</pageBreakToken>
that might be selected as the lectotype for his name. Thus, according to The Code (McNeill et al. 2012, Art. 9.7), I designate the specimen 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aona &amp; Machado 958</emphasis>
(UEC barcode UEC057324) as the neotype of 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since it is in complete accordance with the protologue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
After analysing the protologue of 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Bull, W" journalOrPublisher="2. Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="B6" refString="Bull, W, 1892. Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." title="Tradescantia decora. A catalogue of new and beautiful plants and orchids 63: 3." year="1892">Bull 1892</bibRefCitation>
), it became clear that that this name was conspecific to 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. valida" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="valida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. valida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. multibracteata" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="multibracteata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. multibracteata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to its erect stems (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18A, B</figureCitation>
), spirally-alternate leaves (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18A, B</figureCitation>
), linear lanceolate to lanceolate leaf-blades with truncate base (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18B</figureCitation>
)) and, most importantly, all being restricted to the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Tradescantia decora W. Bull. Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211912" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">19</figureCitation>
). Since 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has priority over 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. valida" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="valida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. valida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. multibracteata" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="multibracteata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. multibracteata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it should be treated as the accepted name for this species. 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily differentiated from all remaining species of the 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the presence of supernumerary bracts, its spathaceous and unequal cincinni bracts, its main florescence being generally composed by 2-3(-5) cincinni (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18D, E</figureCitation>
) and sepals not keeled with caducous hairs at the apex (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18E, F</figureCitation>
). It is similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. cerinthoides" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cerinthoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. cerinthoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its sepals without dorsal keels (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Tradescantia decora W. Bull. A detail of a rupicolous subpopulation B habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades C detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade D synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins E inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens F lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals G dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. C &amp; G by M. O. O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H. M. Bueneker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18E, F</figureCitation>
). Nonetheless, they can be easily differentiated due to its generally linear elliptic to linear lanceolate to lanceolate leaf-blades (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
elliptic to broadly elliptic or ovate to broadly ovate or obovate to broadly obovate, in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. cerinthoides" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cerinthoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. cerinthoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), glabrous with margins setose at the base or until the middle (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
pubescent on both sides or only abaxially, rarely glabrous on both sides and ciliate margins) and pedicels and sepals glabrous or only sparsely pubescent at apex with eglandular hairs (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
evenly densely velutine to hispid, sometimes with a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs). 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much more similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to their leaf-blades and sepal pubescence. These species can be easily differentiated by the pubescence of the margin of their leaf-sheaths (ciliate to shortly-setose in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; glabrous in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and long-setose in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the pubescence of their sepals (long-setose along the keels in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; glabrous in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and glabrous or with few hairs at the apex in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by the shape of their floral buds (broadly ovoid 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; ellipsoid in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and ellipsoid in 
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. decora" order="Liliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">T. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305525" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
W.Bull. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
detail of a rupicolous subpopulation 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
habit, showing the erect stem and spirally-alternate leaves with linear to linear lanceolate and canaliculate blades 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the glabrous internodes and the long-setose margin of the leaf-sheath and base of the blade 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
synflorescence, showing florescences ranging from double-cincinni to 3-5-cincinni and the leaf-blades with basally setose margins 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
inflorescence composed of 4-cincinni, showing the side view of a flower and its pistil longer than the stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
lower view of a flower, showing the glabrescent sepals 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
by M.O.O. Pellegrini, remaining photos by H.M. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Büneker">Bueneker</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305527" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211912" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 19.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia decora" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tradescantia decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
W.Bull. Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>