treatments-xml/data/0A/C5/41/0AC54165D12F5654856E9460EFEEE00E.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2077" ID-PMC="PMC3208534" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-143-83" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A458FFBC7B300B14B151FFF8FFABFFD3" ID-PubMed="22144867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577328" ModsDocID="1313-2970-143-83" checkinTime="1451249719368" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Murao, Ryuki" docDate="2011" docId="0AC54165D12F5654856E9460EFEEE00E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 143: 83-92" docOrigin="ZooKeys 143" docPubDate="2011-11-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2077" docTitle="Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subsp. okinawa Ebmer &amp; Maeta 1999, stat. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="A458FFBC7B300B14B151FFF8FFABFFD3" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="A458FFBC7B300B14B151FFF8FFABFFD3" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum (Smith) and L. (L.) okinawa Ebmer et Maeta (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) from Asia" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1668152559997" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Taxonomic notes on Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum (Smith) and L. (L.) okinawa Ebmer et Maeta (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) from Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Murao, Ryuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812 - 8581 Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">r.murao@mbr.nifty.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2011-11-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number>143</mods:number>
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<mods:start>83</mods:start>
<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2077</mods:url>
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<subSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="taxonomy">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182236290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0AC54165D12F5654856E9460EFEEE00E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AC54165D12F5654856E9460EFEEE00E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName LSID="0AC54165-D12F-5654-856E-9460EFEEE00E" authority="Ebmer &amp; Maeta, 1999" authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Murao" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subsp. okinawa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" status="stat. n." subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="okinawa">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer &amp; Maeta, 1999</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="86">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 1 lateral habitus 2 head in frontal view 3 mesoscutum 4 mesosoma in lateral view 5 propodeal dorsum 6 first metasomal tergum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 13. 7 - 10 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Emer et Maeta 7 seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 8 genitalia in ventral view 9 genitalia in dorsal view 10 - 13 gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 11 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 12 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 13 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">14, 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 20 - 24. 20, 22 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 21, 23 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 20, 21 hairs on propodeum 22, 23 hairs on first metasomal tergum 24 Distribution of both ssp. subopacum and ssp. okinawa." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19195" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">21, 23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Murao" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawa" status="stat. n." subGenus="Lasioglossum">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) okinawa</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta, 1999, Linzer biol. Beitr., 31: 230-233 [Holotype: EBSU; ♀, Okinawa-jima, Okinawa Pref., Japan)]; Ikudome, 1999, Ident. Guide Aculeata Nansei Is., Jap.: 746.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
This subspecies is separated from the ssp. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">subopacum</emphasis>
by the female propodeum and T1 basally with sparse and thin whitish tomentose as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 20 - 24. 20, 22 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 21, 23 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 20, 21 hairs on propodeum 22, 23 hairs on first metasomal tergum 24 Distribution of both ssp. subopacum and ssp. okinawa." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19195" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Figs 21, 23</figureCitation>
. In Japan, it is closely similar to 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidens" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith, 1873) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakishima" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta, 1999. However, it is separated from the former by the mesoscutum reflexed upward in both sexes and densely transversely rows on medio-anterior margin in female, the T1 basally with whitish tomentose tufts in both sexes (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 1 lateral habitus 2 head in frontal view 3 mesoscutum 4 mesosoma in lateral view 5 propodeal dorsum 6 first metasomal tergum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Figs 6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 20 - 24. 20, 22 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 21, 23 Female of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 20, 21 hairs on propodeum 22, 23 hairs on first metasomal tergum 24 Distribution of both ssp. subopacum and ssp. okinawa." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19195" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">23</figureCitation>
), the shape of hair tufts on male S6 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
), and the gonostylus narrowly rounded apically as in Fig 10; from the latter by the basal elevation of male labrum broadly rounded (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
), the sculpture on female mesoscutum as stated above, the shape of both hair tufts on male S6 and gonostylus. In contrast, in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Lasioglossum occidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mesoscutum flat in both sexes and densely coarsely punctate on medio-anterior margin in female, T1 without tomentose hair tufts in both sexes as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
, hair tufts on 
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="87" start="start">male</pageBreakToken>
S6 as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
, and gonostylus broadly rounded as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 13. 7 - 10 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Emer et Maeta 7 seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 8 genitalia in ventral view 9 genitalia in dorsal view 10 - 13 gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 11 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 12 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 13 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
; in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakishima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Lasioglossum sakishima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, basal elevation of male labrum small and rounded as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
, female mesoscutum reticulate-punctate on anterior margin, shape of hair tufts on male S6 as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
, and gonostylus truncate apically as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 13. 7 - 10 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Emer et Maeta 7 seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 8 genitalia in ventral view 9 genitalia in dorsal view 10 - 13 gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 11 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 12 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 13 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="4" pageNumber="87" type="description of male (new to science)">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Description of male (new to science).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Body length 7.0-8.7mm, wing length 6.0-7.1mm (n=5).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Color. Body black except on the following parts: mandible apical half reddish brown; tegula blackish brown translucent; tibial spur yellow; posterior margin of metasomal terga narrowly brown translucent. Wings nearly transparent; veins and pterostigma blackish brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="87">
Pilosity. Mostly whitish; pale brown on mesosoma dorsally; mesoscutellum and metanotum mixed with blackish brown hairs. Head with sparse short fine branched hairs, and mixed with moderately dense tomentose on lower paraocular area. Hairs on mesosoma finely branched except on the following parts: dorsal, lateral surface, and around lateral lobe of pronotum with dense tomentose. T1 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 1 lateral habitus 2 head in frontal view 3 mesoscutum 4 mesosoma in lateral view 5 propodeal dorsum 6 first metasomal tergum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) basally with a pair of tomentose tufts, however sometimes disappear. Disc on T2-5 with moderately dense short and simple hairs. Basal hair bands on metasomal terga present on T2-4 or T2-3. Apical fimbriae on metasomal terga absent. Acarinarium absent. S6 with well-formed, distinctive hair tufts as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 14 - 19. 14 - 15 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta. 16 - 17 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 18 - 19 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta 14, 18 labrum 16 first metasomal tergum 15, 17, 19 distal parts of metasomal sternum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="5" pageNumber="88">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="88" start="start">Structure</pageBreakToken>
. Head nearly as long as wide; head length/width ratio 1.0-1.01 (n= 5). Vertex flat medially. Distance between lateral ocelli nearly as long as that between lateral ocellus and compound eye. Frons and paraocular area with reticulate-punctate, dimly shiny. Supraclypeal area slightly convex in lateral view, dimly shiny, with reticulate-punc 
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="89" start="start">tate</pageBreakToken>
; IS with distinct tessellation. Clypeus 1.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
distance between lower rim of antennal socket and upper margin of clypeus; nearly flat, with moderately dense PP; IS nearly smooth. Basal area of labrum 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long; basal elevation weakly developed, broadly rounded; distal process absent; labral fimbriae acutely pointed at apex. Mandible edentate. Hypostomal carina moderately developed; its anterior angle obtuse. Postgena slightly depressed, with distinct lineoration. Scape length 0.5-0.6mm (n= 5), F2 2.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
F1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
Pronotal dorsolateral angle acute, moderately projecting; pronotal lateral ridge incomplete, interrupted by oblique lateral sulcus; lower portion of lateral ridge inconspicuous, narrowly rounded. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 1 lateral habitus 2 head in frontal view 3 mesoscutum 4 mesosoma in lateral view 5 propodeal dorsum 6 first metasomal tergum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) with oily-dull luster, dense PP excluding anteriorly, IS smooth; its anterior margin weakly reflexed upwards, with reticulate-punctate. Mesoscutellum marginally and longitudinally with dense PP. Metanotum and mesepisternum coarsely rugulose. Propodeum coarsely rugulose; propodeal dorsum (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Ebmer et Maeta 1 lateral habitus 2 head in frontal view 3 mesoscutum 4 mesosoma in lateral view 5 propodeal dorsum 6 first metasomal tergum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) 0.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
mesoscutellum, and nearly as long as metanotum; shield marginally with lateral carina that not reaching to apical margin on dorsal surface. Basitibial plate of hind leg carinate marginally. Inner hind tibial spur without distinct teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
Metasomal terga with oily-dull luster. T1 with weak lineolation over entire surface, medially and apically with dense PP. T2-3 with dense PP over entire surface; IS weakly lineolate over entire surface. T4-5 similar to IS of T2-3. S7-8 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 13. 7 - 10 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Emer et Maeta 7 seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 8 genitalia in ventral view 9 genitalia in dorsal view 10 - 13 gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 11 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 12 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 13 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
): S7 with short and slender median process; S8 without median process. Male genitalia as in 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 13. 7 - 10 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa Emer et Maeta 7 seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 8 genitalia in ventral view 9 genitalia in dorsal view 10 - 13 gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 11 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum (Smith) 12 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens (Smith) 13 Male of Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Figs 8-10</figureCitation>
. Gonobase ventral arm ring-shaped, and not connected to each other at apical ends: bottom nearly flat. Gonocoxite smooth. Gonostylus simple and flat, butter knife-like apically. Ventral retrorse lobe absent.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19192" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" start="Figures 1–6" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Figures 1-6.</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Murao" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="okinawa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">1</emphasis>
lateral habitus 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">2</emphasis>
head in frontal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">3</emphasis>
mesoscutum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">4</emphasis>
mesosoma in lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">5</emphasis>
propodeal dorsum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">6</emphasis>
first metasomal tergum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19193" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" start="Figures 7–13" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Figures 7-13.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">7-10</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Murao" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="okinawa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Emer et Maeta 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">7</emphasis>
seventh and eighth metasomal sterna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">8</emphasis>
genitalia in ventral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">9</emphasis>
genitalia in dorsal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">10-13</emphasis>
gonostylus of genitalia in ventral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">11</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authority="subopacum" authorityName="subopacum (Smith" authorityYear="1853" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="subopacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">12</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidens" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">13</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakishima" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta Scale bars: 0.2mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Male clypeus black over the entire surface, or with a small yellow spot on lower margin.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
Japan (central Ryukyus: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, Okinawa-jima, Kume-jima).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="flight record">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Flight record.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Female: April to November. Male: May to October.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="flower record">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Flower record.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
This species visited the following six species of flowering plants. 
<taxonomicName genus="Apiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apiaceae" genus="Foeniculum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Foeniculum vulgare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Bidens pilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">radiata</emphasis>
; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Solidago altissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName genus="Euphorbiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Osmeridae" genus="Mallotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Osmeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Mallotus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Polygonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Erythraeidae" genus="Fallopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Actinedida" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Fallopia japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">japonica</emphasis>
; 
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Persicaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="longiseta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Persicaria longiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="collecting site">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Collecting site.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
So far as the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
survey in both 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
and Okinawa-jima, this species was mainly collected from around subtropical forest at mountain areas, but in Kume-jima from open land such as cultivated area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
Holotype: ♀, Mt. Yonaha-dake, Okinawa-jima, Okinawa Pref., Japan, 7. VII. 1998 (Y. Maeta, EBSU). [JAPAN] [Ryukyus] Kagoshima Pref.: 1♀16♂, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Uken-son, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 14. X. 2004 (R. Murao, 1♂ illustrated in Fig. 1, 1♂ in Fig. 4, 1♂ in Figs 7-10, 1♂ in Fig. 15); 1♂, Mt. Yuwan-dake, alt.500m, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 17. VII. 1963 (C. M. Yoshimoto, ELKU); 2♂, Mt. Yuwan-dake, 24. VII. 1963 (Y. Hirashima, ELKU), 29. VII. 1963 (Y. Hirashima, ELKU); 8♀2♂, Shinmura, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 23. VII. 1954 (S. Ueda, ELKU; S. Miyamoto and Y. Hirashima, ELKU), 29. VII. 1954 (S. Ueda, ELKU); 1♀, Yuwan, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 31. VII. 1963 (Y. Hirashima, ELKU); 3♀, Santarou-toge, Sum 
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="90" start="start">iyou</pageBreakToken>
-son, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 15. X. 2004 (R. Murao, 1♀ illustrated in Figs 21, 23); 1♀, Yakkachi, Sumiyou-son, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
, 19. VII. 1933 (T. Esaki and K. Yasumatsu, ELKU). Okinawa Pref.: 3♀ (paratypes), same data as the holotype; 1♀1♂, 60-180m, Izumi, Motobu, Okinawa-jima, 22. V. 1982 (S. Ikudome, ELKU, 1♂ illustrated in Figs 2, 3, 5, 6); 1♂, Mt. Yonaha-dake, Kunigami-son, Okinawa-jima, 14. VI. 2002 (Y. Maeta, EBSU); 14♀, Hedo, Okinawa-jima, 5. IV. 1979 (K. Ohara, ELKU); 1♀, Nago, Okinawa-jima, 7. IV. 1979 (K. Ohara, ELKU); 1♀, Mt. Katsuu-dake, Nago-shi, Okinawa-jima, 3. XI. 2004 (R. Murao); 6♀3♂, Gima, Kume-jima, 27. V. 2003 (R. Murao); 3♀3♂, Zenda, Kume-jima, 27. V. 2003 (R. Murao, 1♂ illustrated in Figs 4, 14); 1♀, Nakadomari, Kume-jima, 26. V. 2003 (R. Murao).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19194" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" start="Figures 14–19" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Figures 14-19.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">14-15</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Murao" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="okinawa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">16-17</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidens" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) occidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">18-19</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakishima" subGenus="Lasioglossum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sakishima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">14, 18</emphasis>
labrum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">16</emphasis>
first metasomal tergum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">15, 17, 19</emphasis>
distal parts of metasomal sternum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19195" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" start="Figures 20–24" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Figures 20-24.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">20, 22</emphasis>
Female of 
<taxonomicName authority="subopacum" authorityName="subopacum (Smith" authorityYear="1853" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="subopacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum subopacum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">21, 23</emphasis>
Female of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ebmer &amp; Maeta" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Murao" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hexapoda" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subopacum" subGenus="Lasioglossum" subSpecies="okinawa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subopacum okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ebmer et Maeta 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">20, 21</emphasis>
hairs on propodeum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">22, 23</emphasis>
hairs on first metasomal tergum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">24</emphasis>
Distribution of both ssp. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">subopacum</emphasis>
and ssp. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">okinawa</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>