224 lines
26 KiB
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224 lines
26 KiB
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<mods:titleInfo id="CACF54548DE52B5B492D7FF6D44F61D4">
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<mods:title id="9993D0BFA9C3E60C0A115812FB053B41">Cercopithecidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C091D1509C61738243069C9CAA4BD3D6">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46B718BCD892A73C4F296F752622EB88">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B2D03D46DC6A09F7C722E6620546EFD2">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D33E0DF10BECCACCDC33AF824448CBD8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateOther id="D27BEC9F7CD24818FFB050288FF3C404" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="F049A3D04208E90FC784A07B12A3FCA3">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="24EF63A42B2BDE6D45346159D2A5ACD3">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CE199B17FF93FF97FAC66145FC5BFD85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6863365" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197824653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6863365" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE199B17FF93FF97FAC66145FC5BFD85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE199B17FF93FF97FAC66145FC5BFD85" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="711" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC66145FA59FB83" box="[1439,1518,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC66145FA59FB83" blockId="82.[1434,2460,1109,1234]" box="[1439,1518,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF93FF96FAC66145FA59FB83" box="[1439,1518,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<figureCitation id="DE8B3684FF93FF96FAC66145FA59FB83" box="[1439,1518,1109,1151]" captionStart="Plate 46: Cercopithecidae" captionStartId="77.[99,129,3331,3356]" captionTargetBox="[14,2746,16,3643]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="87. Upper Guinea Red Colobus (Piliocolobus badius), 88. Temminck’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus temmincki), 89. Miss Waldron’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus waldronae), 90. Zanzibar Red Colobus (Piliocolobus kirku), 91. Udzungwa Red Colobus (Piliocolobus gordonorum), 92. Pennant’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus pennantii), 93. Bouvier’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus bouvieri), 94. Niger Delta Red Colobus (Piliocolobus epieni), 95. Preuss’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus preussi), 96. Tana River Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus), 97. Semliki Red Colobus (Piliocolobus semlikiensis), 98. Foa’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus foai), 99. Lang’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus langi), 100. Oustalet’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus oustaleti), 101. Lomami Red Colobus (Piliocolobus parmentieri), 102. Ashy Red Colobus (Piliocolobus tephrosceles), 103. Tshuapa Red Colobus (Piliocolobus tholloni), 104. Olive Colobus (Procolobus verus)" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">100.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96F9596145F853FB83" box="[1536,2020,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96F9596145F853FB83" blockId="82.[1434,2460,1109,1234]" box="[1536,2020,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF93FF96F9596145F853FB83" box="[1536,2020,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF93FF96F9596145F853FB83" box="[1536,2020,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Oustalet’s Red Colobus</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96F7716145F62CFB83" box="[2088,2459,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96F7716145F62CFB83" blockId="82.[1434,2460,1109,1234]" box="[2088,2459,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF93FF96F7716145F62CFB83" box="[2088,2459,1109,1151]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7716145F62CFB83" ID-CoL="4HTQT" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[2088,2459,1109,1151]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oustaleti">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96F7716145F62CFB83" box="[2088,2459,1109,1151]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Piliocolobus oustaleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC26181F8D0FB32" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC26181F6D2FB5A" blockId="82.[1434,2460,1109,1234]" box="[1435,2405,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF93FF96FAC26181F6D2FB5A" box="[1435,2405,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC26181FA5FFB5A" bold="true" box="[1435,1512,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF93FF96FAA86181F912FB5A" box="[1521,1701,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Colobe d'Oustalet</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96F9E36181F8A1FB5A" bold="true" box="[1722,1814,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF93FF96F8466181F84AFB5A" box="[1823,2045,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Oustalet-Stummelaffe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96F74B6181F7DBFB5A" bold="true" box="[2066,2156,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF93FF96F72F6181F6D2FB5A" box="[2166,2405,1169,1190]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Colobo rojo del Ubangui</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC261A9F8D0FB32" blockId="82.[1434,2460,1109,1234]" box="[1435,1895,1209,1230]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF93FF96FAC261A9F8D0FB32" box="[1435,1895,1209,1230]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC261A9F926FB32" bold="true" box="[1435,1681,1209,1230]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF93FF96F9C561A9F8D0FB32" box="[1692,1895,1209,1230]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Ubangi Red Colobus</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96F75D61EEF721FABF" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96F75D61EEF721FABF" blockId="82.[2052,2641,1278,1702]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96F75D61EEF728FAE7" bold="true" box="[2052,2207,1278,1307]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F79761EEF726FABF" authority="Trouessart, 1906" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oustaleti">Colobus oustaleti Trouessart, 1906</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96F7FC603AF5FBFA96" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96F7FC603AF5FBFA96" blockId="82.[2052,2641,1278,1702]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<materialsCitation id="F6D8205CFF93FF96F7FC603AF5FBFA96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864421383" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Youmba, right bank of lower Oubangui (= Ubangi), 0° 18’ N, 17° 30’ E.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96F75C6064F98FF8B8" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96F75C6064F98FF8B8" blockId="82.[2052,2641,1278,1702]" lastBlockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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Modern taxonomic arrangements of the colobus monkeys either divide the red colobus and the Olive
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F60F60AFF67FFA1C" box="[2390,2504,1471,1504]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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into two genera,
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7D160FBF6AAF9F4" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2184,2333,1515,1544]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Piliocolobus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F6DC60FBF5BDF9F4" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2437,2570,1515,1544]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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, respectively, or consider them to belong to one genus,
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7F0632EF699F9AB" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2217,2350,1598,1623]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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, with two subgenera (
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7496371F72FF982" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2064,2200,1633,1662]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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for the Olive
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F63C6371F660F982" box="[2405,2519,1633,1662]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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and Pil-1ocolobus for the red colobus). We follow here C. P. Grovesin his publications of 2001 and 2007 in using two genera. The southwestern most locality, Pombo (1° 13° 127 S, 16° 9° 36” E), is very close to Butando where
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96FAA563EBF934F8E0" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1887" box="[1532,1667,1787,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bouvieri">P. bouvieri</taxonomicName>
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is found, but there is no indication of intermediates between them. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC2625AF714F7F5" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="distribution">
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<caption id="12CF7A89FF93FF96FAC2625AF714F7F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6867303" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6867303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6867303/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" targetBox="[1438,2020,1289,1696]" targetPageId="82">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC2625AF714F7F5" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC2625AF9FCF897" bold="true" box="[1435,1611,1866,1899]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Extreme S South Sudan, S Central African Republic, N DR Congo (N to Sili, Uele District, 4° 2° 24” N, 27° 6’ 36” E, Dedegwa, Garamba, 4° 20° N, 29° 25’ 48” E, S to the Congo River, and E to Lake Albert), NE Republic of the Congo (N to Mongoumba, 3° 23’ N, 18° 21'E, and Bakota, S bank of the Lobaye River, 3° 22" 43” N, 17° 20° 24” E, and SW to Pombo, Sangha Department).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC56D03F69CF46E" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="description">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC56D03F69CF46E" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC56D03F923F7CC" bold="true" box="[1436,1684,2067,2096]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 45.9-68 cm (males) and 52-64 cm (females), tail 55-5— 73 cm (males) and 68-73 cm (females); weight 12-5 kg (males) and 8-2 kg (females). Oustalet’s Red
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F9286D4DF954F782" box="[1649,1763,2141,2174]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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|
is a large, robust, sexually dimorphic species, with a short tail. It is dark speckled smoky-brown (sometimes brownish-fawn) above, and slightly paler below (buffy to whitish or pale red). The crown does not, or hardly, contrasts with back. The whiskers are grayish. Hands and feet are dark to black. This is another very variable Central African species. Some individuals in the Ubangi/Lobaye area are described as “raw sienna brown,” underparts may be golden, and tail root has a coppery red patch. Those from the Uele River (north-eastern DR Congo) gallery forest region tend to be lighter brownish-fawn, with forelimbs and lower legs especially pale, contrasting with dark hands and feet. Finally, there is a deep red-colored morph both in the south-western part of the distribution and in the extreme east, on the borders of the Ituri Forest, the latter probably due to gene-flow from the hybrid swarm described under the Semliki Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F9AE6F03F8DEF5CC" box="[1783,1897,2579,2608]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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(
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F8DC6F03F7F4F5CC" authorityName="Colyn" authorityYear="1991" box="[1925,2115,2579,2608]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semlikiensis">P semlikiensis</taxonomicName>
|
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|
). In both mtDNA and vocalizations, Oustalet’s Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F9366F26F956F5AB" box="[1647,1761,2614,2647]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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|
groups with other species of red colobus in East Central Africa. Nevertheless, like other species of red colobus in the Congo Basin, Oustalet’s Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96FAC76F94F9A7F559" box="[1438,1552,2692,2725]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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carries at least two very divergent lineages of mtDNA, with different specimens from different sites clustering with other red colobus species instead of with one another. A prominent tuft of hair (“panache”) is present, although it is shorter than on the Tshuapa Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F99F6FEBF88FF4E0" box="[1734,1848,2811,2844]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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(
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F8166FEBF86EF4E0" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1886" box="[1871,2009,2811,2844]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tholloni">P. tholloni</taxonomicName>
|
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|
). Like Foa’s Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7956FEBF689F4E0" box="[2252,2366,2811,2844]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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(
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F60C6FEBF61BF4E0" authorityName="de Pousargues" authorityYear="1899" box="[2389,2476,2811,2844]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="foai">P. foai</taxonomicName>
|
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|
), Oustalet’s Red
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96FABB6E3BF9E3F4B8" box="[1506,1620,2859,2884]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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has small teeth. Cranially, Oustalet’s Red
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7EF6E3BF69DF4B8" box="[2230,2346,2859,2884]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
, Foa’s Red
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F68C6E3BF5FEF4B8" box="[2517,2633,2859,2884]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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, the Semliki Red
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F9DF6E5AF94DF497" box="[1670,1786,2890,2923]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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, and the Ashy Red
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7506E5AF7CCF497" box="[2057,2171,2890,2923]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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(
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F7C86E5AF688F497" baseAuthorityName="Elliot" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[2193,2367,2890,2923]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tephrosceles">P. tephrosceles</taxonomicName>
|
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|
)
|
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F60D6E5AF62FF497" box="[2388,2456,2890,2923]" pageId="82" pageNumber="744" rank="form">form</taxonomicName>
|
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a group—all have a long palate, early closing skull sutures, and angular orbits.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC46E88F670F3F4" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="biology_ecology">
|
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|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC46E88F670F3F4" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC46E88F9BBF445" bold="true" box="[1437,1548,2968,3001]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
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Mature primary lowland, tropical moist forest, swamp and gallery forest, and savanna woodland. In the Ngotto Forest of the Central African Republic, however, Oustalet’s Red
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F92B6EF7F953F3F4" box="[1650,1764,3047,3080]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
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only occurs in flooded forests on alluvial riverbanks.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC7691EF957F383" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="food_feeding">
|
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC7691EF957F383" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC7691EF913F3D3" bold="true" box="[1438,1700,3086,3119]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
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|
Diets include young leaves and mature leaves, fruit, flowers, buds, and possibly seeds. One study reported that groups regularly entered water to collect bulbs of aquatic plants.
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC76995F755F35A" box="[1438,2274,3205,3238]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="breeding">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC76995F755F35A" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" box="[1438,2274,3205,3238]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC76995F993F35A" bold="true" box="[1438,1572,3205,3238]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
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|
|
There is no information available for this species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC569BCF69DF331" box="[1436,2346,3244,3277]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="activity">
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC569BCF69DF331" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" box="[1436,2346,3244,3277]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC569BCF930F331" bold="true" box="[1436,1671,3244,3277]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Oustalet’s Red Colobusis diurnal and arboreal.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF96FAC769C3F73AF2BF" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF96FAC769C3F73AF2BF" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC769C3F7EFF308" bold="true" box="[1438,2136,3283,3316]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Group sizes of Oustalet’s Red
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F55E69C3FA7AF2E7" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were 3-18 individuals at one site. Groups there spent 30% of their time in the lower forest canopy, less than 10 m above the ground.
|
|||
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
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</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF93FF97FAC7685EFF47FDD5" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="711" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF93FF97FAC7685EFF47FDD5" blockId="82.[1435,2643,1708,3474]" lastBlockId="83.[105,1311,284,636]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="711" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF93FF96FAC7685EF8BCF297" bold="true" box="[1438,1803,3406,3435]" pageId="82" pageNumber="710">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (as
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F9F46865F853F26E" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1709,2020,3445,3474]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufomitratus">Procolobus rufomitratus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F8AB6865F7D4F26E" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1906" box="[2034,2147,3445,3474]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oustaleti">oustaleti</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
). Oustalet’s Red
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF93FF96F63B6865F661F26E" box="[2402,2518,3445,3474]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="82" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is likely to be among the more numerous of the red colobus taxa, given its very wide distribution north of the Congo River where there are still large areas of forest and low human densities. Nevertheless, it is heavily hunted for the bushmeat trade. It occurs in Okapi Wildlife Reserve and Tayna Gorilla Reserve in DR Congo and Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park in the Republic of the Congo. It is also found in Ngotto Classified Forest and the proposed Mbaéré-Bodingué National Park in the Central African Republic.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF92FF97FF326729FC5BFD85" pageId="83" pageNumber="711" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF92FF97FF326729FC5BFD85" blockId="83.[105,1311,284,636]" pageId="83" pageNumber="711">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF92FF97FF326729FEB2FDAE" bold="true" box="[107,261,569,594]" pageId="83" pageNumber="711">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Brugiere et al. (2005), Galat-Luong & Galat (1979b), Gautier-Hion & Brugiére (2005), Gautier-Hion et al. (1999), Groves (2001, 2007b), Grubb et al. (2003), Moreau et al. (1946).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
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|
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</document>
|