642 lines
127 KiB
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642 lines
127 KiB
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<mods:title id="ED13B575455E54375E811C445D8D4027">The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan: morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E63423FD4A912DD8332CFCFFED15B98">Korn, Olga M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F713D13388DC80FFEC1410CA89BDF75D">Golubinskaya, Darya D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46839C3F182B13DDEBDB6C94920BCCA3">Sharina, Svetlana N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="76570670DB7751E8E9F8E91EE3EC2CF3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="96F8F0E26D8E7BC79E879CB8BC410239">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2D4773447C1C2477778731127B5E9122">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7CFB157FF8AAE6B6D45F2F61E23AB74F">2020-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="36962A4ECF27194DA5C1D84E68A50A54">4768</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038A3F58FF91FFAC83C82205FD69FF81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3795496" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163877896" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3795496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A3F58FF91FFAC83C82205FD69FF81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A3F58FF91FFAC83C82205FD69FF81" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C339DDC5FF91FFA783C82205FD91FA3D" box="[151,570,1053,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783C82205FD91FA3D" blockId="2.[151,570,1053,1080]" box="[151,570,1053,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0D43922FF91FFA783C82205FD91FA3D" bold="true" box="[151,570,1053,1080]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF91FFA783C82205FD91FA3D" authority="Shiino, 1943" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,570,1053,1080]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783C82205FD91FA3D" bold="true" box="[151,570,1053,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783C82205FE31FA32" bold="true" box="[151,410,1053,1080]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA782FE2205FD91FA3D" author="Shiino, S. M." box="[417,570,1053,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref10405" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1943) Rhizocephala of Japan. Journal of the Sigenkagaku Kenkyusyo, 1, pp. 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1943">Shiino, 1943</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339DDC5FF91FFA783C8227EFD4CFB00" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783C8227EFB51FA75" blockId="2.[151,1389,1126,1181]" box="[151,1274,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB33A960FF91FFA783C8227EFB51FA75" box="[151,1274,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783C8227EFE2EFA74" box="[151,389,1126,1150]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF91FFA783C8227EFE2AFA74" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,385,1126,1150]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">Peltogaster reticulatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A82A85FFF91FFA782D5227EFD36FA75" author="Rybakov, A. V. & Hoeg, J. T." box="[394,669,1126,1151]" page="98" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA782D5227EFD36FA75" author="Rybakov, A. V. & Hoeg, J. T." box="[394,669,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="95 - 103" refId="ref10209" refString="Rybakov, A. V. & Hoeg, J. T. (2002) The ultrastructure of retinacula in the Rhizocephala (Crustacea: Cirripedia) and their systematic significance. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 241, 95 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00023" type="journal article" year="2002">Rybakov & Høeg 2002: 98</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 13, 26.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA7806E227EFB8DFA75" author="Kashenko, S. D. & Korn, O. M." box="[817,1062,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="150 - 155" refId="ref9590" refString="Kashenko, S. D. & Korn, O. M. (2003) Combined effects of seawater temperature and salinity on development of the larvae of the rhizocephalan Peltogaster reticulatus (Crustacea: Cirripedia). Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 29 (3), 150 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1024664631438" type="journal article" year="2003">Kashenko & Korn 2003</bibRefCitation>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA7871F227FFB5DFA75" author="Isaeva, V. V. & Dolganov, S. M. & Shukalyuk, A. I." box="[1088,1270,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="215 - 220" refId="ref9443" refString="Isaeva, V. V., Dolganov, S. M., Shukalyuk, A. I. (2005) Rhizocephalan barnacles-parasites of commercially important crabs and other decapods. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 31 (4), 215 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11179 - 005 - 0075 - 9" type="journal article" year="2005">
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Isaeva
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA787D8227FFB1FFA74" box="[1159,1204,1126,1150]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783C8229DFAC6FA97" blockId="2.[151,1389,1126,1181]" box="[151,1389,1156,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB33A960FF91FFA783C8229DFAC6FA97" box="[151,1389,1156,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF91FFA783C8229DFEDFFA97" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,372,1157,1181]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783C8229DFEDFFA97" box="[151,372,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A82A85FFF91FFA782CE229CFD27FA97" author="Yoshida, R. & Osawa, M. & Hirose, M. & Hirose, E." box="[401,652,1156,1181]" page="853" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA782CE229CFD27FA97" author="Yoshida, R. & Osawa, M. & Hirose, M. & Hirose, E." box="[401,652,1156,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="853 - 862" refId="ref10739" refString="Yoshida, R., Osawa, M., Hirose, M. & Hirose, E. (2011) A new genus and two new species of Peltogastridae (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Rhizocephala) parasitizing hermit crabs from Okinawa Island (Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan), and their DNA-barcodes. Zoological Sciencei, 28 (11), 853 - 862. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 28.853" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Yoshida
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA782B3229EFDB3FA97" box="[492,536,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011: 853
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 855, 857.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A82A85FFF91FFA78054229CFB9CFA97" author="Yoshida, R. & Naruse, T." box="[779,1079,1156,1181]" page="215" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" year="2016">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA78054229CFB9CFA97" author="Yoshida, R. & Naruse, T." box="[779,1079,1156,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="209 - 220" refId="ref10947" refString="Yoshida, R. & Naruse, T. (2016) A new species of the genus Peltogaster Rathke, 1842 (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Peltogastridae) parasitizing the hermit crab Pagurixus boninensis (Melin, 1939) from the Bonin Islands, Japan. Zootaxa, 4139 (2), 209 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4139.2.5" type="journal article" year="2016">Yoshida & Naruse 2016: 215</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 220.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF91FFA787DA229CFAC2FA97" author="Kornienko, E. S. & Korn, O. M. & Selin, N. I." box="[1157,1385,1156,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" pagination="94 - 99" refId="ref9816" refString="Kornienko, E. S., Korn, O. M. & Selin, N. I. (2018) The parasitic fauna of common species of hermit crabs of Vostok Bay (Sea of Japan). Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 44 (2), 94 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 1063074018020062" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Kornienko
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA787A5229EFA8CFA97" box="[1274,1319,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. 2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783C822D3FD4CFB00" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783C822D3FE70FAEC" bold="true" box="[151,475,1227,1254]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Morphological description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA782BC22D4FD8BFAEF" box="[483,544,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Host.</emphasis>
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Shield length of the males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF91FFA7802A22D4FB9FFAEF" ID-CoL="dcf5bd54-c8b4-4aa4-ba19-e29c38b96b72" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[885,1076,1228,1253]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA7802A22D4FB9FFAEF" box="[885,1076,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Pagurus minutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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infested with the rhizocephalan ranged from
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<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA7827722E8FE19FB00" box="[296,434,1264,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–4.9 mm</quantity>
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; females from
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<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA7810622E8FD48FB00" box="[601,739,1264,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="1.7">1.7–4.4 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339DDC5FF91FFAC8398230CFD69FF81" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA78398230CFEE2FB58" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA78398230CFE1DFB27" box="[199,438,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Bathymetrical range.</emphasis>
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In Vostok Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of
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<collectingCountry id="F334CEDEFF91FFA780FB230CFC43FB24" box="[932,1000,1300,1326]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Japan</collectingCountry>
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), infested hermit crabs were found at a depth of
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<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA783A4232FFEEEFB58" box="[251,325,1335,1362]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="0.0">
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0–
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|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF91FFA78247232FFEEEFB58" box="[280,325,1335,1362]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" type="generic">6 m</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783982344FA2AFB93" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783982344FE04FB7C" box="[199,431,1372,1398]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Location on the host.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Most hermit crabs had only one externa. The externa was usually located on the left side of the pleon, between the second and third pleopods (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA7819E2367FCBCFB90" box="[705,791,1407,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1456,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,180,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,179,1428]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pagurus minutus infested by Peltogaster reticulata, from Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (A), body outlines of the externa (B), immature externa (C); mature externae (D, E). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777776/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); the second externa was placed towards the dorsal side.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA7839823BCFABCF878" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA7839823BCFE7AFBB7" box="[199,465,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Morphology of externa.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The size of the externa ranged from 3.0–14.0 mm in length and from 1.0–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA7867923BCFAD6FBB4" box="[1318,1405,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in width; the length was three to four times more than the width. The mature externa is elongated, cylindrical and strongly curved. The anterior end is broad and bilobed, with the mantle opening inserted between the two lobes. The mantle opening is slightly elevated as a tube-like projection and placed on the side facing the host. The shield is conspicuous, fusiform, having growth rings, extending anteriorly and posteriorly from the stalk, covering nearly 1/3 of the externa. A very short, narrow stalk, ~
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA78288204FFD93F878" box="[471,568,1623,1650]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in diameter, is placed nearly in the middle of the externa (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA787EA204FFAA1F878" box="[1205,1290,1623,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1456,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,180,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,179,1428]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pagurus minutus infested by Peltogaster reticulata, from Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (A), body outlines of the externa (B), immature externa (C); mature externae (D, E). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777776/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA783982064FB3BF8D4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA783982064FE3DF89C" box="[199,406,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The immature externa without embryos in the mantle cavity is red as well as the externa sterilized by
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF91FFA7827620B8FE52F8B3" baseAuthorityName="Rathke" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[297,505,1696,1721]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cryptoniscidae" genus="Liriopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA7827620B8FE52F8B3" box="[297,505,1696,1721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Liriopsis pygmaea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA781562087FDCBF8B0" box="[521,608,1695,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1456,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,180,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,179,1428]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pagurus minutus infested by Peltogaster reticulata, from Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (A), body outlines of the externa (B), immature externa (C); mature externae (D, E). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777776/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The mature externa with embryos in the mantle cavity is green, olive or brown in accordance with the stage of development (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA781B720DBFCC9F8D4" box="[744,866,1731,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1456,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,180,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,179,1428]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pagurus minutus infested by Peltogaster reticulata, from Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (A), body outlines of the externa (B), immature externa (C); mature externae (D, E). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777776/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1D, E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The root system is green.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF91FFA7839820F0FDB0F9BC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1227,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF91FFA7839820F0FEB3F908" box="[199,280,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Cuticle</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. The external cuticle is thin, longitudinally wrinkled, without papillae or excrescences. Thin transverse ridges create an indistinct reticular pattern (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA781DD2113FD76F92C" box="[642,733,1803,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,345,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,345,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777780/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The internal cuticle is waved (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA787182113FB36F92C" box="[1095,1181,1803,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,345,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,345,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777780/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and covered with numerous retinacula. Lamp-brush retinacula present a group of 2–4 spindles of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA7875E2137FBDEF940" box="[1025,1141,1839,1866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in length covered distally with soft finger-like projection. Spindles often arise from a common base of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA780B4214BFBE9F964" box="[1003,1090,1875,1902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in height (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA787E6214BFB57F964" box="[1209,1276,1875,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,345,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,345,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777780/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
С, D). Numer- ous spindles were also placed inside flat, balloon-like structures of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF91FFA780C8216FFBA7F998" box="[919,1036,1911,1938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">25–35 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in diameter and gradually released out of their envelopes (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF91FFA782C52183FDA5F9BC" box="[410,526,1947,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,345,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,345,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777780/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2E, F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF90FFA683C823A8FC15FBE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777776/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" startId="3.[151,250,1456,1481]" targetBox="[151,1420,180,1428]" targetPageId="3">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF90FFA683C823A8FC15FBE6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1456,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA683C823A8FEB8FBC3" bold="true" box="[151,275,1456,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA6824623A9FE6FFBC2" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[281,452,1457,1480]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA6824623A9FE6FFBC2" box="[281,452,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Pagurus minutus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
infested by
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA6811F23A8FC89FBC3" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[576,802,1456,1481]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA6811F23A8FC89FBC3" box="[576,802,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, from Russian waters of the Sea of Japan (A), body outlines of the externa (B), immature externa (C); mature externae (D, E). Scale bar 1 mm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF90FFA683982003FBA8F93B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1563,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA683982003FE05F83F" box="[199,430,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Anatomy of externa.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
A visceral sac with developing oocytes extends along the most part of the externa. It is boot-shaped in transverse section (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA681412027FDD2F853" box="[542,633,1599,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The mantle cavity is closely filled with embryos (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA6879F2027FAB3F853" box="[1216,1304,1599,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Colleteric glands are long, strongly folded tubes with a diameter from 300–450 to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF90FFA68084207BFB9EF877" box="[987,1077,1635,1661]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA68719207BFB6DF877" box="[1094,1222,1635,1661]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), placed anteriorly towards the stalk (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA68234209FFE6FF8AB" box="[363,452,1671,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Two thin, tubular receptacles, with a diameter in transverse section of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF90FFA6865B209FFA3CF8AB" box="[1284,1431,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="200.0" valueMax="260.0" valueMin="140.0">140–260 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, are placed inside the visceral sac (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA6814720B3FD1FF8CF" box="[536,692,1707,1733]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3A, C, E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The left receptacle begins anteriorly, being longer than right one (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA683FF20D7FF5EF8E3" box="[160,245,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The receptacles extend along the most part of visceral mass and gradually pass into receptacle ducts with a diameter of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF90FFA6826A20EBFE11F907" box="[309,442,1779,1805]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="105.0" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="80.0">80–130 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
. The posterior part of the receptacle duct is coiled, opening on the lateral surface of the visceral mass (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA68262210FFE12F93B" box="[317,441,1815,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The mantle is
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF90FFA68133210EFD74F93B" box="[620,735,1814,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="50.0">50–90 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in thickness (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF90FFA68025210FFC5DF93B" box="[890,1014,1815,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[236,1351,273,1878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF90FFA183982123FBA8FF49" blockId="3.[151,1437,1563,2021]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,153,323]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA683982123FE1AF95F" bold="true" box="[199,433,1850,1877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Molecular analysis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Clear differences between the sequences of congeneric peltogastrids were the basis for accurate identification of the species. Identification was confirmed by BI and NJ analyses with high support values between different species. Genetic analysis of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA681F9219CFC85F997" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[678,814,1923,1949]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA681F9219CFC85F997" box="[678,814,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">P. reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
infesting
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA680FF219CFB74F997" authority="in Russian" authorityName="in Russian" box="[928,1247,1923,1949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA680FF219CFBCAF997" box="[928,1121,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Pagurus minutus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
in Russian
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
waters based on the comparison of partial mitochondrial COI sequence data showed that this rhizocephalan species differs from the known congeneric species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA6829521D3FC93F9EF" authority="Rathke, 1842" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[458,824,1995,2021]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paguri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA6829521D3FD36F9EF" box="[458,669,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">Peltogaster paguri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Rathke, 1842
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA6803121D4FBDBF9EF" authority="Shiino, 1943" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[878,1136,1995,2021]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA6803121D4FC7CF9EF" box="[878,983,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF90FFA6808121D3FBDBF9EF" author="Shiino, S. M." box="[990,1136,1995,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref10405" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1943) Rhizocephala of Japan. Journal of the Sigenkagaku Kenkyusyo, 1, pp. 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1943">Shiino, 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Sequences of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF90FFA6864A21D4FA37F9EF" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[1301,1436,1995,2021]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="3" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF90FFA6864A21D4FA37F9EF" box="[1301,1436,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="9">P. reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
form a monophyletic clade with the morphologically similar rhizocephalan species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA187192682FB18FEB9" authorityName="Yoshida & Osawa" authorityYear="2011" box="[1094,1203,154,179]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA187192682FB18FEB9" box="[1094,1203,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. postica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Monophyly of each species was supported by high bootstrap values (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF97FFA181EB26A5FD52FEDD" box="[692,761,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1020,1045]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,192,984]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,181,994]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. BI consensus tree of partial mt COI gene sequences of the genus Peltogaster. The HKY+G substitution model was used for the analysis. The Bayesian posterior probability and bootstrap values higher than 50% for the NJ analyses are shown near nodes (the order of their values is BI/NJ)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777784/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Average interspecific and intraspecific distances are shown in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6A1BBF5FF97FFA183EC26F9FEBBFEF1" box="[179,272,225,251]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1797,1821]" captionText="TABLE 1. COI uncorrected genetic distances within species of the genus Peltogaster." pageId="4" pageNumber="10">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6A1BBF5FF97FFA1821B26F9FEFEFEF1" box="[324,341,225,251]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,154,178]" captionText="TABLE 2. COI uncorrected genetic distances between species of the genus Peltogaster. Above the diagonal is the SD." pageId="4" pageNumber="10">2</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. The comparison of pairwise genetic distances indicates high differences between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA187B826FAFAC5FEF1" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[1255,1390,225,251]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA187B826FAFAC5FEF1" box="[1255,1390,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA183C8271EFEAEFF15" authorityName="Yoshida & Osawa" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,261,262,287]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183C8271EFEAEFF15" box="[151,261,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. postica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The interspecific divergence is 10 times higher than the intraspecific genetic distances. Therefore, the “barcoding gap” (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2F3BFFF97FFA182012731FDF1FF49" author="Meyer, C. P. & Paulay, G." box="[350,602,296,323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" pagination="422" refId="ref9939" refString="Meyer, C. P. & Paulay, G. (2005) DNA barcoding: error rates based on comprehensive sampling. PLoS Biology, 3, e 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pbio. 0030422" type="journal article" year="2005">Meyer & Paulay 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) can be observed for the studied taxa.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF97FFA183C8206CFB30F8DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777780" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777780/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" startId="4.[151,250,1652,1677]" targetBox="[156,1430,345,1626]" targetPageId="4">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF97FFA183C8206CFB30F8DF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1652,1749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183C8206CFEB8F887" bold="true" box="[151,275,1652,1677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA1805D206DFC74F887" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[770,991,1653,1677]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA1805D206DFC74F887" box="[770,991,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF97FFA183C8211DFB86F917" box="[151,1069,1797,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF97FFA183C8211DFB86F917" blockId="4.[151,1069,1797,1821]" box="[151,1069,1797,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183C8211DFEA1F917" bold="true" box="[151,266,1797,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
COI uncorrected genetic distances within species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA180F1211DFB82F917" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[942,1065,1797,1821]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peltogaster</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF97FFA183F92136FC30F9D4" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="F9237CEEFF97005A83F92136FC09F9D4" box="[166,930,1838,2014]" gridcols="2" gridrows="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF97005A83F92136FC09F94D" box="[166,930,1838,1863]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF97005A83F92136FE8BF94D" box="[166,288,1838,1863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">Species</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF97005A80442136FC09F94D" box="[795,930,1838,1863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">Distance±SD</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF97005A83F9214CFC09F966" box="[166,930,1876,1900]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A83F9214CFE8BF966" box="[166,288,1876,1900]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA183F9214DFE8BF966" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[166,288,1876,1900]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183F9214DFE8BF966" box="[166,288,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A8044214CFC09F966" box="[795,930,1876,1900]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">0.002±0.001</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF97005A83F92162FC09F998" box="[166,930,1914,1938]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A83F92162FE8BF998" box="[166,288,1914,1938]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA183F92163FEACF998" authorityName="Yoshida & Osawa" authorityYear="2011" box="[166,263,1915,1938]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183F92163FEACF998" box="[166,263,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. postica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A80442162FC09F998" box="[795,930,1914,1938]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">0.013±0.004</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF97005A83F92187FC09F9B2" box="[166,930,1951,1976]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A83F92187FE8BF9B2" box="[166,288,1951,1976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA183F921B8FEA9F9BD" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[166,258,1952,1975]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paguri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183F921B8FEA9F9BD" box="[166,258,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. paguri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A80442187FC09F9B2" box="[795,930,1951,1976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">0.006±0.003</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF97005A83F921DDFC09F9D4" box="[166,930,1989,2014]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A83F921DDFE8BF9D4" box="[166,288,1989,2014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF97FFA183F921DEFEAFF9D7" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[166,260,1989,2013]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF97FFA183F921DEFEAFF9D7" box="[166,260,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF97005A804421DDFC09F9D4" box="[795,930,1989,2014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="10">0.014±0.005</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF96FFA083C82682FA21FEB8" box="[151,1418,154,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA083C82682FA21FEB8" blockId="5.[151,1418,154,178]" box="[151,1418,154,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083C82682FEA1FEB8" bold="true" box="[151,266,154,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
COI uncorrected genetic distances between species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF96FFA0809D2682FB96FEB8" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[962,1085,154,178]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA0809D2682FB96FEB8" box="[962,1085,154,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Peltogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Above the diagonal is the SD.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA083A126A5FBE9FF64" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="F9237CEEFF96005A83F926A5FAB8FF64" box="[166,1299,189,366]" gridcols="6" gridrows="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF96005A83F926A5FAB8FEDC" box="[166,1299,189,214]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" rowspan-0="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A83A726A5FED8FEDC" box="[248,371,189,214]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Species</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A81D526A5FD68FEDC" box="[650,707,189,214]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">1</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A806626A5FCD9FEDC" box="[825,882,189,214]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">2</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A875626A5FBE9FEDC" box="[1033,1090,189,214]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">3</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A878526A5FAB8FEDC" box="[1242,1299,189,214]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">4</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF96005A83F926FCFAB8FEF6" box="[166,1299,228,252]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" rowspan-2="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A83F926FCFF18FEF6" box="[166,179,228,252]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">1</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A83A726FCFED8FEF6" box="[248,371,228,252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF96FFA083A726FDFED8FEF6" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[248,371,228,252]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083A726FDFED8FEF6" box="[248,371,228,252]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">P. reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A806626FCFCD9FEF6" box="[825,882,228,252]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.014</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A875626FCFBE9FEF6" box="[1033,1090,228,252]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.018</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A878526FCFAB8FEF6" box="[1242,1299,228,252]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.020</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF96005A83F92712FAB8FF28" box="[166,1299,266,290]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" rowspan-3="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A83F92712FF18FF28" box="[166,179,266,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">2</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A83A72712FED8FF28" box="[248,371,266,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF96FFA083A72712FEF1FF2B" authorityName="Yoshida & Osawa" authorityYear="2011" box="[248,346,266,289]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083A72712FEF1FF2B" box="[248,346,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">P. postica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A81D52712FD68FF28" box="[650,707,266,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.100</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A87562712FBE9FF28" box="[1033,1090,266,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.019</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A87852712FAB8FF28" box="[1242,1299,266,290]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.020</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF96005A83F92728FAB8FF42" box="[166,1299,304,328]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" rowspan-4="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A83F92728FF18FF42" box="[166,179,304,328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">3</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A83A72728FED8FF42" box="[248,371,304,328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF96FFA083A72728FEFEFF4D" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[248,341,304,327]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paguri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083A72728FEFEFF4D" box="[248,341,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">P. paguri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A81D52728FD68FF42" box="[650,707,304,328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.212</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A80662728FCD9FF42" box="[825,882,304,328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.217</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A87852728FAB8FF42" box="[1242,1299,304,328]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.019</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="35138C0CFF96005A83F9274DFAB8FF64" box="[166,1299,341,366]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" rowspan-5="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76C2E570FF96005A83F9274DFF18FF64" box="[166,179,341,366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">4</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A83A7274DFED8FF64" box="[248,371,341,366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF96FFA083A7274EFEFCFF67" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[248,343,341,365]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083A7274EFEFCFF67" box="[248,343,341,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A81D5274DFD68FF64" box="[650,707,341,366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.277</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A8066274DFCD9FF64" box="[825,882,341,366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.273</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76C2E570FF96005A8756274DFBE9FF64" box="[1033,1090,341,366]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">0.276</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA083982787FE4BFC66" blockId="5.[151,1437,414,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083982787FE6AFFB3" bold="true" box="[199,449,415,441]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Larval development.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larval development includes five naupliar and one cypris stages. Development to the cypris stage took 3.5–4 days at a water temperature of 22–23ºC, and about 6 days at 18ºC. The lecithotrophic nauplii slightly increase in size during the development and decrease after the nauplius-cyprid moult. Male larvae are slightly larger than female ones. Male cyprids varied from
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA080182412FC41FC2F" box="[839,1002,522,549]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="255.0" valueMax="280.0" valueMin="230.0">230 to 280 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, females from
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA087D22412FA85FC2F" box="[1165,1326,521,549]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="230.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="210.0">210 to 250 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in length. The sizes of male and female larvae slightly overlap (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA081A42436FCEAFC42" box="[763,833,557,584]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1678,1703]" captionTargetBox="[419,1167,1143,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[416,1172,1139,1653]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Size-frequency distribution of male (black bars) and female (grey bars) cyprids of Peltogaster reticulata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777786/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In summer, the larval sex ratio was male-biased; in autumn it was female-biased.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA08398246EFEDDFA82" blockId="5.[151,1437,414,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA08398246EFEEFFC9A" box="[199,324,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Nauplius I.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Nauplius is 253.6±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA0817E246DFDD5FC9B" box="[545,638,629,657]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="11.2">11.2 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA081D0246EFD0EFC9A" box="[655,677,630,656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) and 225.6±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA0806C246DFC28FC9B" box="[819,899,629,657]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="9.6">9.6 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA080C9246EFC03FC9A" box="[918,936,630,656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08772246EFB39FC9A" box="[1069,1170,630,656]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087C2246FFB48FC9B" box="[1181,1251,631,657]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1563,1588]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,418,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1431,417,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777790/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">7A, B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); larva lacks the pigmented nauplius eye and shows no positive phototaxis. Frontal filaments are present in this and all following naupliar stages. A true flotation collar is absent; however, a narrow transparent border around the larval body is visible in LM. The surface of the dorsal head shield bears two pairs of setae (2 and 2a) with terminal pores, seta 2 is straight or slightly curved (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA082BB251EFDF5FD2A" box="[484,606,774,801]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1563,1588]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,418,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1431,417,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777790/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); a single pore is slightly visible in the middle of the anterior region (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08630251EFF17FD4F" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1563,1588]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,418,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1431,417,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777790/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Frontolateral horns are slightly curved backward, lack terminal fringes, and terminate in an opening of the frontal horn gland; a quite long anterior subterminal seta with a terminal pore is present; one transverse suture is already visible (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08212256AFE02FD87" box="[333,425,882,909]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1563,1588]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,418,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1431,417,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777790/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Larva has three pairs of appendages; segments lack any denticles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087ED256AFAA0FD87" box="[1202,1291,882,909]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1563,1588]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,418,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1431,417,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777790/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Uniramous antennule has three segments with five plumose setae; setae 1 and 5 are shorter than 2–4; setae 1–4 arise from the distal antennular segment, seta 5 from the middle one (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0805925A2FCE0FDDE" box="[774,843,954,980]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The biramous antenna has an 8-segmented exopod (including a small segment carrying the distal seta) with five long plumose setae, and an unsegmented endopod with three long plumose setae; the basis of the antenna has a plumose seta longer than the endopod (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087F3221AFB44FA16" box="[1196,1263,1026,1052]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The biramous mandible has a 6-segmented exopod (including a small segment carrying the distal seta) with four long, plumose setae, and an unsegmented endopod with two long, plumose setae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA080D02252FC79FA6E" box="[911,978,1098,1124]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The mandible is unchanged during the larval development.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA08398228AFB96F88A" blockId="5.[151,1437,414,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA08398228AFEE5FAA6" box="[199,334,1170,1196]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Nauplius II.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larva is 281.5±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA0816E2289FD25FAA7" box="[561,654,1169,1197]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA081C0228AFD1EFAA6" box="[671,693,1170,1196]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) and 255.6±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA0801B2289FC3FFAA7" box="[836,916,1169,1197]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA080F8228AFC12FAA6" box="[935,953,1170,1196]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08761228AFB0FFAA6" box="[1086,1188,1170,1196]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087F0228AFB5EFAA7" box="[1199,1269,1170,1197]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">9A, B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The nauplius is characterized by the presence of a true, conspicuous flotation collar ornamented by a reticulated pattern with longitudinal and transverse ridges (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0817B22C2FDD6FAFE" box="[548,637,1242,1268]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A pair of pores was found on the lateral sides of the attachment ridge (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA083FF22E6FF52FB12" box="[160,249,1278,1304]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The surface of the dorsal head shield has five pairs of setae (1, 2, 2a, 3, 5), setae 4 are not found; seta 2 is the longest, strongly curved, U-shaped; all setae, except 2a, with slightly subterminal pores; seta 2a with a terminal pore (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08386235EFEF8FB6B" box="[217,339,1350,1377]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9D, E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A single pore in the middle of the anterior region is well visible now (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08729235EFB60FB6A" box="[1142,1227,1350,1376]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The frontolateral horns are long, from this stage directed anterolaterally, with terminal cuticular fringes and two thick subterminal setae (anterior and posterior); horns are subdivided into three portions by two sutures; the distal portion is also subdivided by an additional, poorly expressed suture (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA081A923AAFCFBFBC6" box="[758,848,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A conical rudimentary labrum has a small terminal opening (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0825D23CEFEFAFBFA" box="[258,337,1494,1520]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9I</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In LM, the segmentation of the hind body is not visible (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA080B623CEFBEFFBFB" box="[1001,1092,1494,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In SEM, the denticles on the hind body are gathered in a median longitudinal strip and sparse lateral groups (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0877D23E2FBD8F81E" box="[1058,1139,1530,1556]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9J</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The furcal rami are thin, long, covered with denticles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA082BC2006FD96F832" box="[483,573,1566,1592]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9K</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The long setae of the appendages are covered with denticles and very long, slender setules; the distal margins of the antennular, antennal and mandibular segments are clearly defined by rows of long denticles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0823E207EFE13F88A" box="[353,440,1638,1664]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1893,1918]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Antennular setae 1, 2, and 5 are reduced in size (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA080B4207EFB9BF88A" box="[1003,1072,1638,1664]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA083982092FAAEF9AA" blockId="5.[151,1437,414,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA083982092FEF3F8AE" box="[199,344,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Nauplius III.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larva is 285.6±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA081602091FD3BF8AF" box="[575,656,1673,1701]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA081FD2092FD12F8AE" box="[674,697,1674,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
), 258.8±10.3 (
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA0803D2092FCDFF8AE" box="[866,884,1674,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) µm in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087742092FB3AF8AE" box="[1067,1169,1674,1700]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087C12092FB79F8AE" box="[1182,1234,1674,1700]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1132,1157]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">10A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The dorsal head shield surface has six pairs of setae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0816220B6FD3CF8C3" box="[573,663,1710,1737]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The pattern of dorsal surface setae is unchanged during following naupliar development. The number of sutures on the frontolateral horns is increased, with five portions with four sutures (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA083A920EEFEF7F91A" box="[246,348,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1132,1157]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The hind body is more elongated. In LM, the segmentation pattern of the hind body looks like a median longitudinal line and weakly pronounced transverse lines (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0802A2102FC65F93F" box="[885,974,1818,1845]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); in SEM, denticles have the same pattern as in nauplius II; furcal rami are inserted into cuticular sockets (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA080342126FC78F952" box="[875,979,1854,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1132,1157]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Seta 5 is located at the border between the distal and middle segments; a short seta appears near the base of seta 5 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA080A2217AFBE6F976" box="[1021,1101,1890,1916]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA08703217AFB3BF976" box="[1116,1168,1890,1916]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1132,1157]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">10D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); the second antennular segment is more swollen. The long setae of appendages are inserted into cuticular sockets (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA087CC219EFB53F9AA" box="[1171,1272,1926,1952]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1132,1157]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF96FFA3839821B2FA37FEF1" blockId="5.[151,1437,414,2025]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,153,251]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF96FFA0839821B2FEF9F9CE" box="[199,338,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Nauplius IV.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larva is 291.6±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF96FFA0816F21B2FD27F9CF" box="[560,652,1962,1989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="12.6">12.6 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA081C321B2FD18F9CE" box="[668,691,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
), 266.0±9.6 (
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF96FFA0801521B2FCF7F9CE" box="[842,860,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) µm in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0875421B2FBC4F9CE" box="[1035,1135,1962,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA0872621B2FB07F9CE" box="[1145,1196,1962,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[179,1410,1216,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1410,1215,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A, ventral view; B, hind body; C, furca; D, antennule. De, denticles; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777798/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">11A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In LM, the segmen- tation of the hind body comprises oblique lines (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF96FFA081F021D6FCA2F9E3" box="[687,777,1998,2025]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); in SEM, sparse denticles on the hind body are gathered in weakly pronounced oblique strips, indicating the location of the developing thoracic appendages of the future cypris larva (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF95FFA3838126A5FEE8FEDD" box="[222,323,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[179,1410,1216,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1410,1215,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A, ventral view; B, hind body; C, furca; D, antennule. De, denticles; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777798/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A pair of denticles near the base of the rami are slightly pronounced (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF95FFA3870626A5FB15FEDD" box="[1113,1214,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[179,1410,1216,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1410,1215,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A, ventral view; B, hind body; C, furca; D, antennule. De, denticles; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777798/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The antennule has only four setae, seta 1 is reduced; setae 5 and 6 are already inserted in the distal antennular segment (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF95FFA3865E26F9FAFBFEF1" box="[1281,1360,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1928,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,715,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,705,1903]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777792/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF95FFA3860226F9FA24FEF1" box="[1373,1423,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[179,1410,1216,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1410,1215,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A, ventral view; B, hind body; C, furca; D, antennule. De, denticles; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777798/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">11D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF95FFA383C82176FCC8F9F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777782/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" startId="6.[151,250,1902,1927]" targetBox="[236,1351,273,1878]" targetPageId="6">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF95FFA383C82176FCC8F9F9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1902,2035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF95FFA383C82176FEBFF98D" bold="true" box="[151,276,1902,1927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Transverse sections of the externa of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF95FFA381C72177FCDDF98D" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[664,886,1903,1927]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF95FFA381C72177FCDDF98D" box="[664,886,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="12">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF94FFA283C825E4FDC4FA56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777784/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" startId="7.[151,250,1020,1045]" targetBox="[163,1425,192,984]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF94FFA283C825E4FDC4FA56" blockId="7.[151,1436,1020,1117]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA283C825E4FEB8FA1F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1020,1045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
BI consensus tree of partial mt COI gene sequences of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF94FFA280F725E4FBB6FA1E" authorityName="Rathke" authorityYear="1842" box="[936,1053,1020,1044]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA280F725E4FBB6FA1E" box="[936,1053,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Peltogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The HKY+G substitution model was used for the analysis. The Bayesian posterior probability and bootstrap values higher than 50% for the NJ analyses are shown near nodes (the order of their values is BI/NJ).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF94FFA283C82096FAEBF8AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777786" box="[151,1344,1678,1703]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777786/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" startId="7.[151,250,1678,1703]" targetBox="[419,1167,1143,1649]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF94FFA283C82096FAEBF8AC" blockId="7.[151,1344,1678,1703]" box="[151,1344,1678,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA283C82096FEB8F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1678,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Size-frequency distribution of male (black bars) and female (grey bars) cyprids of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF94FFA287022097FA91F8AD" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[1117,1338,1679,1703]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA287022097FA91F8AD" box="[1117,1338,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF94FFA2839820CDFC24F9A9" blockId="7.[151,1436,1748,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA2839820CDFEE1F8E5" box="[199,330,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Nauplius V.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larva is 301.0±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF94FFA2817120CDFDD5F8FA" box="[558,638,1749,1776]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF94FFA281CF20CDFD0CF8E5" box="[656,679,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
), 269.1±11.5 (
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF94FFA2801120CDFCCBF8E5" box="[846,864,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) µm in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA2874A20CDFBD1F8E5" box="[1045,1146,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA287D920CDFB11F8E5" box="[1158,1210,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1446]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,182,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1427,181,1396]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius V. A, ventral view; B, head shield setae; C, frontolateral horn; D, hind body; E, antennula. Cf, cuticular fringes; su, suture; 1–2a, head shield setae; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">12A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The head shield is more convex, the posterior margin of the head shield is more prominent in lateral view. The dorsal head shield setae 2 are lengthened (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA2823F2105FE6CF93D" box="[352,455,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1446]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,182,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1427,181,1396]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius V. A, ventral view; B, head shield setae; C, frontolateral horn; D, hind body; E, antennula. Cf, cuticular fringes; su, suture; 1–2a, head shield setae; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Long frontolateral horns are directed ventrally (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA280AD2105FBD0F93D" box="[1010,1147,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1446]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,182,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1427,181,1396]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius V. A, ventral view; B, head shield setae; C, frontolateral horn; D, hind body; E, antennula. Cf, cuticular fringes; su, suture; 1–2a, head shield setae; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Fig. 12A, C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The hind body becomes narrower; in LM, the thoracic appendages of the future cypris larva are well visible in the bottom of the hind body (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA283FF217DFF52F98A" box="[160,249,1893,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In SEM, denticles on hind body are gathered in oblique or transverse strips (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA28708217DFB14F975" box="[1111,1215,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1446]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,182,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1427,181,1396]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius V. A, ventral view; B, head shield setae; C, frontolateral horn; D, hind body; E, antennula. Cf, cuticular fringes; su, suture; 1–2a, head shield setae; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The second antennular segment is bulbous; seta 6 is sometimes quite long (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA280422191FC28F9A9" box="[797,899,1929,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1446]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,182,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1427,181,1396]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius V. A, ventral view; B, head shield setae; C, frontolateral horn; D, hind body; E, antennula. Cf, cuticular fringes; su, suture; 1–2a, head shield setae; 5, 6, antennular setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF94FFAD839821B6FC70FF6D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1748,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,153,359]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF94FFA2839821B6FEF4F9CD" box="[199,351,1965,1992]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Cypris larva.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The larva is 257.0±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CDB23ABFF94FFA2811221B4FD06F9C2" box="[589,685,1964,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF94FFA2819F21B5FD7CF9CD" box="[704,727,1965,1991]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
), 230.8±9.5 (
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2545C7FF94FFA2802921B5FC23F9CD" box="[886,904,1965,1991]" pageId="7" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) µm in length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA2871921B5FB00F9CD" box="[1094,1195,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">Figs. 6B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF94FFA287E521B5FB44F9CD" box="[1210,1263,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="13">13A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The carapace surface is wavy, densely covered with long setae and scattered pores (possible traces of lost setae). Five pairs of lattice organs (two anterior and three posterior) are placed on the carapace surface. LO1–4 are along the midline, LO5 lateral to LO4 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD822026A5FE71FED2" box="[383,474,189,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,417,1615]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The second pair (LO2) is crescent-shaped, the convex side is lateral, and the associated porefield is posterior (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD829A26F9FD81FEF1" box="[453,554,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
|
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); the remaining lattice organs (LO1 and LO3–5) are nearly straight (
|
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<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD867626F9FA24FEF1" box="[1321,1423,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
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). The frontolateral horn glands open with two separate pores on the anteroventral margins (
|
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<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD87F9271DFABAFF15" box="[1190,1297,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
|
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). Numerous porefields looking like lattice organs are found on the lateral sides of the carapace (
|
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<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD871C2731FB6DFF49" box="[1091,1222,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13E, F</figureCitation>
|
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). A large hole with an adjacent porefield is also found anteriorly along the midline (
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<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD80392755FC65FF6D" box="[870,974,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
|
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|
).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
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|
|
<caption id="DF5CDEC6FF9BFFAD83C82070FBABF8C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777788" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3777788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777788/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" startId="8.[151,250,1640,1665]" targetBox="[153,1436,417,1615]" targetPageId="8">
|
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|
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<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF9BFFAD83C82070FBABF8C3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1640,1737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF9BFFAD83C82070FEBFF88B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1640,1665]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
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|
|
Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C23F5CDFF9BFFAD80232071FBF1F88B" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1943" box="[892,1114,1641,1665]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Peltogastridae" genus="Peltogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kentrogonida" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B957525CFF9BFFAD80232071FBF1F88B" box="[892,1114,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Peltogaster reticulata</emphasis>
|
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|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm.
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
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</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9C8E4EFF9BFFAC839820EFFD69FF81" blockId="8.[151,1437,1783,2026]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,153,395]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">
|
|||
|
|
The antennule of the cypris larva consists of four segments. The long second segment ends with a distal breakage zone (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD82562103FEDAF93F" box="[265,369,1819,1845]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). The third segment forms an attachment disc, covered with cuticular villi. The perimeter of the disc is bordered by a cuticular skirt, more pronounced in the female larvae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD80BA2127FBCAF950" box="[997,1121,1855,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13I, L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The attachment disc of the male larva has a flap-like extension at the posterior margin, which is lacking in the female cyprid (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD87B4217BFAC3F974" box="[1259,1384,1891,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13I, L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). An open-ended seta is located in the distal part of the attachment disc of both male and female larvae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9BFFAD87AB219FFAD0F9A8" box="[1268,1403,1927,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13J, M</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
); a spinous process is absent in both male and female cyprids. The antennule of the male cyprid possesses three sense setae: an axial sense seta in the middle of the attachment disc, a slightly bifurcated postaxial sense seta in the pos- terior (proximal) part, and a short postaxial sense seta in the distal part of the second antennular segment (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC866E2681FF17FEDD" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13H, I, J</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In thefemale cyprid, the axial sense seta is slightly shifted to the distal part of the attachment disc (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC867526A5FA24FEDD" box="[1322,1423,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A large male aesthetasc is located on the proximal margin of the attachment disc and bifurcated into two separate lobes of unequal length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC82F1271DFDBCFF15" box="[430,535,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In the male cyprid, the short fourth segment has a long, subterminal aesthetasc (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC83FF2731FEADFF49" box="[160,262,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and four nearly equal, open-ended setae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC81B62731FCF9FF49" box="[745,850,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13K</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). In the female cyprid, the subterminal aesthetasc is shorter than the subterminal aesthetasc in the male larva and terminates in two thin long filamentous processes; one open-ended seta is shorter than others (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131892CBFF9AFFAC81122769FD1EFF81" box="[589,693,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1814,1839]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,199,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[160,1426,199,1789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Peltogaster reticulata, cypris larva. A, lateral view of male larva; B, anterior lattice organ 2 (LO2); C, posterior lattice organs 3–5; D, pores of frontolateral horn gland; E, F, porefields; G, hole with porefield; H, antennules of male cyprid; I, J, attachment disc of male larva; K, the fourth antennular segment of male larva; L, M, attachment disc of female larva; N, the fourth antennular segment of female larva. As, axial sense seta; bz, breakage zone; fe, flap-like extension; fp, filamentous processes; ma, male aesthetasc; oes, open-ended seta; p, pore; pas1, postaxial sense seta 1; pas2, postaxial sense seta 2; pf, porefield; sa, subterminal aesthetasc; sk, skirt; ts, terminal setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3777802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3777802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13N</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|