treatments-xml/data/03/CB/7D/03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44.xml

<document id="358E1DFFA8CF0EC84E9C6F6EEF763EF4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1602.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5099061" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626207179775" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ríos, Rubén &amp; Duffy, J. Emmett" docDate="2007" docId="03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01602p089.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1602 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1602.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Zuzalpheus mcclendoni, n. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFF205135762FFB01D2CFFCAFFF16E2E" masterDocTitle="A review of the sponge‑dwelling snapping shrimp from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, with description of Zuzalpheus, new genus, and six new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1699004709521" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="00F7CE5C462010E74B0B8657136D9F25">A review of the sponge‑dwelling snapping shrimp from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, with description of Zuzalpheus, new genus, and six new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6A1E6D104E9857234061B8A6EECCD68B">Ríos, Rubén</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D3AFB7DCBAB76D93BF423B34D8D00C30">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="893C447058727789B8C19E882FFA5283">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="575E4611C3F1B6A9EE06DE7BA1D78D5A">1602</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DBBFD0DFD096CCF" blockId="49.[151,760,711,737]" box="[151,760,711,737]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D0957B115753FF811DBBFD0DFD096CCF" bold="true" box="[151,760,711,737]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5753FF811DBBFD0DFD776CCF" authority="(Coutiere, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Coutiere" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[151,646,711,737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DBBFD0DFE476CCF" bold="true" box="[151,438,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Zuzalpheus mcclendoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811CE9FD0DFD8F6CCF" author="Coutiere, H." box="[453,638,711,737]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A225AD145753FF811FA2FD0DFD096CCF" box="[654,760,711,737]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DBBFCD8FE996D67" blockId="49.[151,1436,786,873]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC3EA6C5753FF811DBBFCD8FD876D07" author="Coutiere, H." box="[151,630,786,809]" page="487" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5753FF811DBBFCD8FD876D07" ID-CoL="85YXG" authority="Coutiere, 1910: 487" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityPageNumber="487" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,630,786,809]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DBBFCD8FE676D07" box="[151,406,786,809]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Synalpheus mcclendoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811C8DFCD8FD876D07" author="Coutiere, H." box="[417,630,786,809]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière, 1910:487</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 3; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC3EA6C5753FF811FF9FCD8FC8D6D07" author="Chace, F. A." box="[725,892,786,809]" page="95" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811FF9FCD8FC8D6D07" author="Chace, F. A." box="[725,892,786,809]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace 1972:95</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 33, 34; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC3EA6C5753FF811933FCD8FB4C6D07" author="Ray, J. P." box="[1055,1213,786,809]" page="148" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811933FCD8FB4C6D07" author="Ray, J. P." box="[1055,1213,786,809]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref51024" refString="Ray, J. P. (1974) A study of the coral reef crustaceans (Decapoda and Stomatopoda) of two Gulf of Mexico reef systems: West Flower Garden, Texas and Isla de Lobos, Veracruz, Mexico, Dissertation. Texas A &amp; M University. 323 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ray 1974:148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 133–135; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC3EA6C5753FF811847FCD8FE956D67" author="Rios, R." page="124" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811847FCD8FE956D67" author="Rios, R." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref51155" refString="Rios, R. (2003) Synalpheus shrimp from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Systematics, phylogenetics and biological observations (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae), Dissertation. College of William &amp; Mary, 251 pp." type="book" year="2003">Ríos 2003:124–128</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DBBFC98FD166D47" blockId="49.[151,1436,786,873]" box="[151,743,850,873]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB72EB535753FF811DBBFC98FD166D47" box="[151,743,850,873]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC3EA6C5753FF811DBBFC98FD966D47" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[151,615,850,873]" page="74" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1984">
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5753FF811DBBFC98FD966D47" ID-CoL="8555S" authority="Dardeau 1984: 74" authorityName="Dardeau" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,615,850,873]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DBBFC98FE6E6D47" box="[151,415,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Synalpheus macclendoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5753FF811C8AFC98FD966D47" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[422,615,850,873]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref48732" refString="Dardeau, M. R. (1984) Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoires of the Hourglass Cruises, 7 (2), 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Dardeau 1984: 74</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 37–39.
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<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DBBFC50FE726D9A" bold="true" box="[151,387,922,948]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material examined</emphasis>
. (1) 
<materialsCitation id="3B0AC6205753FF811C97FC50FD146DF2" collectingDate="1993-04-05" collectionCode="USNM" country="Belize" elevation="3" location="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNM 1019064" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811C97FC50FE136D83" box="[443,482,922,948]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811CDCFC50FDB86D9A" box="[496,585,922,948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC464065753FF811F74FC50FCEE6D9A" box="[600,799,922,948]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNM 1019064</specimenCode>
, VIMS 93CBC7701), 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5753FF8119C3FC50FACC6D9A" box="[1263,1341,922,948]" name="Belize" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Belize</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFDCEABD5753FF811864FC50FF256DF2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-04-05">
<collectingDate id="EF9813555753FF811864FC50FF256DF2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-04-05">5 April 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, in unidentified yellow boring sponge, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811FB3FC08FD146DF2" box="[671,741,962,988]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="2.5">
<elevation id="004F2B4E5753FF811FB3FC08FD146DF2" box="[671,741,962,988]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAFC20FEDC6A02" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
(2) 
<materialsCitation id="3B0AC6205753FF811DDEFC20FED96A02" collectingDate="1994-08-23" collectionCode="VIMS" country="Belize" elevation="17" location="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="VIMS 94" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DDEFC20FED16DD0" box="[242,288,1002,1028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC464065753FF811C03FC20FE536A2A" box="[303,418,1002,1028]" collectionCode="VIMS" country="USA" name="Virginia Institute of Marine Science" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">VIMS 94</specimenCode>
CBC3402), 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811F1DFC20FD616A2A" box="[561,656,1002,1028]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, outer ridge at 
<location id="8EBD9AA65753FF811E6BFC20FBFB6A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44:8EBD9AA65753FF811E6BFC20FBFB6A2A" box="[839,1034,1002,1028]" country="Belize" name="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Carrie Bow Cay</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5753FF811934FC20FB976A2A" box="[1048,1126,1002,1028]" name="Belize" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Belize</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFDCEABD5753FF811958FC20FAC76A2A" box="[1140,1334,1002,1028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1994-08-23">
<collectingDate id="EF9813555753FF811958FC20FAC76A2A" box="[1140,1334,1002,1028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1994-08-23">23 August 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
, no host found, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811DC6FBD8FED96A02" box="[234,296,1042,1068]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="17.0">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DC6FBD8FED96A02" box="[234,296,1042,1068]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">
<elevation id="004F2B4E5753FF811DC6FBD8FED96A02" box="[234,296,1042,1068]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAFBF0FE926A52" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
(3) 
<materialsCitation id="3B0AC6205753FF811DDCFBF0FEAE6A52" collectingDate="1993-03-22" collectionCode="VIMS" country="Belize" elevation="22" location="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="VIMS 93" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DDCFBF0FEEB6A60" box="[240,282,1082,1108]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC464065753FF811C04FBF0FE696A7A" box="[296,408,1082,1108]" collectionCode="VIMS" country="USA" name="Virginia Institute of Marine Science" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">VIMS 93</specimenCode>
CBC3205), 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811F0AFBF0FD706A7A" box="[550,641,1082,1108]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, fore-reef slope, 
<location id="8EBD9AA65753FF811E64FBF0FBF66A7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44:8EBD9AA65753FF811E64FBF0FBF66A7A" box="[840,1031,1082,1108]" country="Belize" name="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Carrie Bow Cay</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5753FF81193FFBF0FB906A7A" box="[1043,1121,1082,1108]" name="Belize" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Belize</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFDCEABD5753FF811940FBF0FAD06A7A" box="[1132,1313,1082,1108]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-22">
<collectingDate id="EF9813555753FF811940FBF0FAD06A7A" box="[1132,1313,1082,1108]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-22">22 March 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5753FF811860FBF0FEE36A52" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811860FBF0FEE36A52" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811C0CFBA8FEAE6A52" box="[288,351,1122,1148]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="22.0">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811C0CFBA8FEAE6A52" box="[288,351,1122,1148]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">
<elevation id="004F2B4E5753FF811C0CFBA8FEAE6A52" box="[288,351,1122,1148]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAFB40FD886AE2" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
(4) 
<materialsCitation id="3B0AC6205753FF811DD8FB40FD856AE2" collectingDate="1993-03-29" collectionCode="VIMS" country="Belize" elevation="14" location="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="VIMS 93" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DD8FB40FED36AB0" box="[244,290,1162,1188]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC464065753FF811C19FB40FE596A8A" box="[309,424,1162,1188]" collectionCode="VIMS" country="USA" name="Virginia Institute of Marine Science" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">VIMS 93</specimenCode>
CBC6103), outer ridge at 
<location id="8EBD9AA65753FF811FC6FB40FC406A8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44:8EBD9AA65753FF811FC6FB40FC406A8A" box="[746,945,1162,1188]" country="Belize" name="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Carrie Bow Cay</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5753FF811EEDFB40FBFF6A8A" box="[961,1038,1162,1188]" name="Belize" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Belize</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFDCEABD5753FF811933FB40FB2D6A8A" box="[1055,1244,1162,1188]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-29">
<collectingDate id="EF9813555753FF811933FB40FB2D6A8A" box="[1055,1244,1162,1188]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-29">29 March 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, in unidentified columnar mustard-colored sponge, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811F1AFB78FD856AE2" box="[566,628,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="14.0">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811F1AFB78FD856AE2" box="[566,628,1202,1228]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">
<elevation id="004F2B4E5753FF811F1AFB78FD856AE2" box="[566,628,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAFB10FEFE6B32" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
(5) 
<materialsCitation id="3B0AC6205753FF811DDCFB10FEFA6B32" collectingDate="1993-03-31" collectionCode="VIMS" country="Belize" elevation="22" location="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="VIMS 93" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DDCFB10FEEB6AC0" box="[240,282,1242,1268]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC464065753FF811C05FB10FE686ADA" box="[297,409,1242,1268]" collectionCode="VIMS" country="USA" name="Virginia Institute of Marine Science" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">VIMS 93</specimenCode>
CBC7402), fore-reef slope, 
<location id="8EBD9AA65753FF811FCDFB10FC506ADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB7D6B5753FF831DBBFD0DFF1C6C44:8EBD9AA65753FF811FCDFB10FC506ADA" box="[737,929,1242,1268]" country="Belize" name="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Carrie Bow Cay</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5753FF811E81FB10FC0A6ADA" box="[941,1019,1242,1268]" name="Belize" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Belize</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFDCEABD5753FF81192BFB10FB4C6ADA" box="[1031,1213,1242,1268]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-31">
<collectingDate id="EF9813555753FF81192BFB10FB4C6ADA" box="[1031,1213,1242,1268]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1993-03-31">31 March 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5753FF8119CBFB11FF4F6B32" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF8119CBFB11FF4F6B32" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity id="4C9A61985753FF811DE1FAC8FEFA6B32" box="[205,267,1282,1308]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="22.0">
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45753FF811DE1FAC8FEFA6B32" box="[205,267,1282,1308]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">
<elevation id="004F2B4E5753FF811DE1FAC8FEFA6B32" box="[205,267,1282,1308]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3789FF65753FF821DEAFAE0FA8C6AC4" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAFAE0FDD568D2" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DEAFAE0FECF6B6A" bold="true" box="[198,318,1322,1348]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Body subcylindrical; carapace smooth, glabrous, with pterygostomian corner forming obtuse angle, and posterior margin with cardiac notch distinct. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811E18FA99FC666B42" box="[820,919,1363,1388]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Rostrum</emphasis>
triangular, somewhat narrower and slightly longer than ocular hoods, not conspicuously upturned, and sometimes with a shallow ventral convex keel behind the base. Orbitorostral process absent. Ocular hoods dorsally convex; in dorsal view, acute, separated from rostrum by deep adrostral sinus. Ocular process small, but prolonged backwards into distinct keel on mesioventral edge of eye. Ocellary beak in lateral view rectangular. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811E90FA39FBC96822" box="[956,1080,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stylocerite</emphasis>
strong; mesial margin slightly concave; tip blunt; slightly overreaching distal margin of first segment of antennular peduncle; this latter segment with ventromesial tooth, and with two basal ventral processes. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811EE4F989FBCE6872" box="[968,1087,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Basicerite</emphasis>
with superior corner not prolonged and with long ventrolateral spine slightly overreaching tip of stylocerite. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF81197BF9A1FB0168AA" box="[1111,1264,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Scaphocerite</emphasis>
blade present, longer acute lateral spine robust, clearly overreaching antennular peduncle; mesial projection at base of scaphocerite present. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811C89F971FDCC68FA" box="[421,573,1723,1748]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Maxilliped 3</emphasis>
with distal circlet of spines on distal segment and without ventrodistal spine on antepenultimate segment
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF811DEAF8C1FE1B69B2" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DEAF8C1FE6D690A" box="[198,412,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Major pereopod 1</emphasis>
massive, chela elongated, fingers about half length of palm, flattened, curved inwards, and tips crossing; in ventral view, outer face of fixed finger without any protuberance. Palm of chela with distal superior margin typically tapering into strong acute spine. Merus, extensor margin strongly convex, with distal flat angular projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5753FF821DEAF861FAEB6EF4" blockId="49.[151,1436,922,2028]" lastBlockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B916106F5753FF811DEAF861FE5169EA" box="[198,416,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Minor pereopod 1</emphasis>
with palm about twice as long as high; fingers shorter than palm; dactyl with flexor margin blade-like, subdistal accessory tooth, and two bumps, in addition to distal tip; transverse dorsal setal combs on extensor surface of dactyl very conspicuous; fixed finger with flexor surface blade-like, and subdistal bump in addition to distal tip. Extensor margin of merus slightly convex, ending in right angle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFF22FC536F2C" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" box="[198,930,232,258]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFF22FEBC6F2F" box="[198,333,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pereopod 2</emphasis>
with carpus 5-segmented, about as long as merus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFEDAFCA26F7C" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFEDAFEBE6F07" box="[198,335,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pereopod 3</emphasis>
slender; dactyl biunguiculate, with flexor tooth thicker than extensor; merus without spines; mesial lamella on coxa present. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821F3AFEF2FD036F7F" box="[534,754,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pereopods 4 and 5</emphasis>
normal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFEAAFCB36C44" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFEAAFEDF6F57" box="[198,302,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pleura 1</emphasis>
of male with posterior corner obscurely produced ventrally and anteriorly into small hook-like tooth; second pleura of male broadly rounded. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821FECFE42FCC96F8F" box="[704,824,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pleopod 1</emphasis>
of male, with about four terminal setae on endopod; second pleopod of male with marginal setae on exopod originating near midpoint; appendix interna on second to fifth male pleopods, present. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821F32FE12FD986FDF" box="[542,617,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Telson</emphasis>
, space between distal spines greater than one-third of distal margin; marginal convex lobe present; posterior corners adjacent to spines obtuse. Anal flaps, perianal setae, and postanal setal brush all absent. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821F21FDE2FD836C6F" box="[525,626,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Uropods</emphasis>
with a single fixed tooth on outer margin of exopod, about as strong as fixed inner tooth, but shorter than slender mobile spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFDBDFA676DAC" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFDBDFEFD6CBF" bold="true" box="[198,268,631,657]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Color</emphasis>
. In Belizean specimens from 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821F5AFDB2FCBB6CBF" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[630,842,632,657]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821F5AFDB2FCBB6CBF" box="[630,842,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the body was generally transparent; major chela bears a striking pattern of prominent red chromatophores on disto-dorsal surface of palm and flexor margins of fingers, and double transverse bands of dark blue pigment immediately proximal to the red area. We have also observed this distinctive color pattern in specimens from the same host in the San Blas islands of 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821813FD3AFA6D6D24" box="[1343,1436,752,778]" name="Panama" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Panama</collectingCountry>
and in the Florida Keys; they are presumably conspecific. In contrast, a single specimen from 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821820FCD2FA986D1C" box="[1292,1385,792,818]" name="Panama" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Panamá</collectingCountry>
differed strikingly from these others in having an overall creamy uniform yellow to white background color with some yellowish wash on distal portions of the major chela; this presumably represents an undescribed species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFC45FCAC6A5C" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFC45FEB66D87" bold="true" box="[198,327,911,937]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Variations</emphasis>
. The ocular hoods are usually straight, but occasionally in some specimens they look as 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821841FC5AFF156DFC" author="Ray, J. P." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref51024" refString="Ray, J. P. (1974) A study of the coral reef crustaceans (Decapoda and Stomatopoda) of two Gulf of Mexico reef systems: West Flower Garden, Texas and Isla de Lobos, Veracruz, Mexico, Dissertation. Texas A &amp; M University. 323 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ray (1974)</bibRefCitation>
remarked: &quot;they show a slight inward curving with their inner surfaces slightly sloping mesoventrally&quot;. The stylocerite usually reaches the midpoint of the second segment of the antennular peduncle, but sometimes it barely overreaches the first segment, as in 
<figureCitation id="1359D0F85750FF821F9DFBC2FCD56A0C" box="[689,804,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,244,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[305,1239,403,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-167@18.[279,1344,349,1827]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zuzalpheus dardeaui, n. sp. Paratype female 9.1 mm (USNM 1019041): a, anterior region of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; b, same, lateral view. Paratype male 7.6 mm (USNM 1019040): c, abdomen, lateral view. Paratype ovigerous female 9.2 mm (USNM 1019040): d, abdomen, lateral view. Allotype ovigerous female 9.9 mm (USNM 1019039): e, abdomen, lateral view. Paratype male 8.2 mm (VIMS 01CBC7408): f, detail of 4th–6th abdominal pleurae, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b; 2 mm for c, d; 2.5 mm for e; and 1.2 mm for f." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5099071/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 3n</figureCitation>
of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821E63FBC2FBFA6A0C" author="Coutiere, H." box="[847,1035,1032,1058]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière (1910)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="1359D0F85750FF821964FBC2FB386A0C" box="[1096,1225,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="71.[151,244,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[289,1284,526,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-201@71.[259,1329,477,1899]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 33. Zuzalpheus yano, n. sp. Paratype male 5.3 mm (USNM 1019057): a, right third pereopod; b, same, detail of distal portion; c, right fourth pereopod; d, same, detail of distal portion; e, right fifth pereopod; f, same, detail of distal portion; g, right first pleopod; h, same, detail of distal portion of endopod; i, right second pleopod. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, c, e, 0.4 mm for b, d, f, 0.8 for g, i, and 2 mm for h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5099189/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 33b</figureCitation>
of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF8219D9FBC2FA686A0C" author="Chace, F. A." box="[1269,1433,1032,1058]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. The superior border of the palm of the major chela typically tapers into a streamlined point, but in a couple of individuals there was a basal constriction on the distal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFB4AFA8C6AC4" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
One male from 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821C53FB4AFE2D6AB4" box="[383,476,1152,1178]" name="Panama" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Panama</collectingCountry>
had two major chelae on the first pair of pereopods. To our knowledge this is the only record of this kind of abnormal symmetry in any species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821EBCFB62FBE46AEF" box="[912,1045,1192,1217]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821EBCFB62FBE46AEF" box="[912,1045,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Zuzalpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Females with two minor chelae are typical in some of the eusocial species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821FC2FB1AFC8E6AC7" baseAuthorityName="Armstrong" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[750,895,1232,1258]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filidigitus">
Z. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821E23FB1AFC8E6AC7" box="[783,895,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">filidigitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821EA2FB1AFBEA6AC4" author="Duffy, J. E." box="[910,1051,1232,1258]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="387 - 400" refId="ref49184" refString="Duffy, J. E. (1998) On the frequency of eusociality in snapping shrimps (Decapoda: Alpheidae), with description of a second eusocial species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 62, 387 - 400." type="journal article" year="1998">Duffy 1998</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF82190BFB1AFA816AC4" author="Duffy, J. E. &amp; Macdonald, K. S." box="[1063,1392,1232,1258]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="283 - 292" refId="ref49342" refString="Duffy, J. E. &amp; Macdonald, K. S. (1999) Colony structure of the social snapping shrimp, Synalpheus filidigitus in Belize. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19, 283 - 292." type="journal article" year="1999">Duffy and Macdonald 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3789FF65750FF821DEAFB3DFE0B6BA4" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFB3DFE0B6BA4" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFB3DFE596B3F" bold="true" box="[198,424,1271,1297]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Hosts and ecology</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821C9BFB32FD916B3F" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[439,608,1272,1298]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
Z. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821CF5FB32FD916B3F" box="[473,608,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is uncommon in our collections from 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821906FB32FB886B3C" box="[1066,1145,1272,1298]" name="Belize" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Belize</collectingCountry>
. We have found several single specimens in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821CAFFAEAFDB86B17" box="[387,585,1312,1337]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathodes">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821CAFFAEAFDB86B17" box="[387,585,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Agelas clathodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6407F45750FF821F74FAEAFD096B14" box="[600,760,1312,1338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
in an unidentified yellowish boring sponge lining smooth cylindrical canals in coral rock, and a few specimens unassociated with hosts, presumably dislodged from them during rubble collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3789FF65750FF821DEAFA5DFE4D6804" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF821DEAFA5DFE4D6804" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAFA5DFEAE6B9F" bold="true" box="[198,351,1431,1457]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Distribution</emphasis>
. Western Atlantic: Dry 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821FAEFA52FD1A6B9C" box="[642,747,1432,1458]" name="Haiti" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49A6029F5750FF821FD6FA52FCA36B9C" box="[762,850,1432,1458]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Florida</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821E4CFA52FC6A6B9C" box="[864,923,1432,1458]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821E81FA52FBAD6B9C" author="Coutiere, H." box="[941,1116,1432,1458]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière 1910</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49A6029F5750FF821958FA52FB386B9C" box="[1140,1225,1432,1458]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Florida</collectingRegion>
Keys, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF82180DFA52FAAD6B9C" box="[1313,1372,1432,1458]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USA</collectingCountry>
(J.E. Duffy unpublished); 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821CBEFA0AFE0C6BF4" box="[402,509,1472,1498]" name="Bahamas" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821F3CFA0AFD4F6BF4" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[528,702,1472,1498]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref48732" refString="Dardeau, M. R. (1984) Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoires of the Hourglass Cruises, 7 (2), 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Dardeau 1984</bibRefCitation>
); 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821FFAFA0AFCE56BF4" box="[726,788,1472,1498]" name="Cuba" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(Martínez Iglesias and García Raso 1999); 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821804FA0AFA666BF4" box="[1320,1431,1472,1498]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821DBBFA22FF1E682C" box="[151,239,1512,1538]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tobago</collectingCountry>
Cays, and 
<collectingRegion id="49A6029F5750FF821C43FA22FE3C682C" box="[367,461,1512,1538]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
peninsula of 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821F45FA22FD33682C" box="[617,706,1512,1538]" name="Mexico" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821FFEFA22FC93682C" author="Chace, F. A." box="[722,866,1512,1538]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace 1972</bibRefCitation>
); San Blas Islands, 
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF821969FA22FB50682C" box="[1093,1185,1512,1538]" name="Panama" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Panamá</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF82199CFA22FAC8682C" author="Duffy, J. E." box="[1200,1337,1512,1538]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="127 - 138" refId="ref49009" refString="Duffy, J. E. (1992) Host use patterns and demography in a guild of tropical sponge-dwelling shrimps. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 90, 127 - 138." type="journal article" year="1992">Duffy 1992</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821815FA2DFABB682F" bold="true" box="[1337,1354,1511,1537]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">),</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3758CED5750FF82187DFA22FA6D682C" box="[1361,1436,1512,1538]" name="Belize" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Belize</collectingCountry>
Barrier Reef (this study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3789FF65750FF831DEAF9FDFF1C6C44" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5750FF831DEAF9FDFBF56FE4" blockId="50.[151,1436,152,2018]" lastBlockId="51.[151,1436,152,618]" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DEAF9FDFEC9687F" bold="true" box="[198,312,1591,1617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks</emphasis>
. Recognizing its similarity to Z. 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821F92F9F2FBD2687C" authority=", Coutiere (1910)" authorityName=", Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[702,1059,1592,1618]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanctithomae">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821F92F9F2FCAB687F" box="[702,858,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sanctithomae</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821E45F9F2FBD2687C" author="Coutiere, H." box="[873,1059,1592,1618]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière (1910)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
erected 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF8219A4F9F2FA6D687F" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[1160,1436,1592,1617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF8219A4F9F2FA6D687F" box="[1160,1436,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Synalpheus mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
succinctly, restricting his description to a few characters that would distinguish the two species, and including only five illustrations. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821C9CF942FDA1688C" author="Chace, F. A." box="[432,592,1672,1698]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
further complemented the knowledge of this species with a full set of drawings, but, in what appears to be a mere typographical error, his key to the species introduced an unfortunate misunderstanding. In couplet 9 of his key to 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821FCAF912FBEB68DC" authority=", Chace (1972)" authorityName=", Chace" authorityYear="1972" box="[742,1050,1752,1778]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821FCAF912FC9A68DF" box="[742,875,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Synalpheus</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821E57F912FBEB68DC" author="Chace, F. A." box="[891,1050,1752,1778]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
separated 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF8219B4F912FACC68DF" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[1176,1341,1752,1778]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF8219B4F912FB5668DF" box="[1176,1191,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF82199AF912FACC68DF" box="[1206,1341,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF8218AAF912FEC26937" authorityName=", Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanctithomae">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF8218AAF912FA6468DF" box="[1414,1429,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DBBF8CAFEC26937" box="[151,307,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sanctithomae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, among other characters, on the basis of the shape of the major chela, which he stated is &quot;not noticeably twisted&quot; in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821C8CF8E2FDB4696F" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[416,581,1832,1858]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821C8CF8E2FE5E696F" box="[416,431,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821C92F8E2FDB4696F" box="[446,581,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and &quot;twisted&quot; in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821E3FF8E2FC3C696F" authorityName=", Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[787,973,1832,1858]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Zuzalpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanctithomae">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821E3FF8E2FCD3696F" box="[787,802,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821E1DF8E2FC3C696F" box="[817,973,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sanctithomae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In fact, the opposite is true. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF82181BF8E2FF156944" author="Coutiere, H." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutière (1910)</bibRefCitation>
explicitly mentioned that the fingers of the major chela are curved inwards in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821958F89AFAE96947" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[1140,1304,1872,1898]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821958F89AFB726947" box="[1140,1155,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF8219BDF89AFAE96947" box="[1169,1304,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and this is what gives the chela the twisted appearance noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821E3FF8B2FC4769BC" author="Chace, F. A." box="[787,950,1912,1938]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821EE6F8B2FBBE69BC" author="Ray, J. P." box="[970,1103,1912,1938]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref51024" refString="Ray, J. P. (1974) A study of the coral reef crustaceans (Decapoda and Stomatopoda) of two Gulf of Mexico reef systems: West Flower Garden, Texas and Isla de Lobos, Veracruz, Mexico, Dissertation. Texas A &amp; M University. 323 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ray (1974)</bibRefCitation>
gave an extended diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5750FF821D97F86AFE956997" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[187,356,1952,1978]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821D97F86AFF3B6997" box="[187,202,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF821DF1F86AFE956997" box="[221,356,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mentioning the inward curvature of the fingers of the major chela, and provided SEM images illustrating it. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5750FF821CB2F802FDA969CC" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[414,600,1992,2018]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref48732" refString="Dardeau, M. R. (1984) Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoires of the Hourglass Cruises, 7 (2), 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Dardeau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
perpetuated the confusion by misspelling the specific name as &quot; 
<emphasis id="B916106F5750FF83184DF802FF0D6E9F" italics="true" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">mac- clendoni</emphasis>
&quot;, and including Chace’s mistaken couplet in his key. Ironically, the specimens 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5751FF831986FF52FA926E9C" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[1194,1379,152,178]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref48732" refString="Dardeau, M. R. (1984) Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoires of the Hourglass Cruises, 7 (2), 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Dardeau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
designated with the incorrect spelling may belong to an undescribed species: he mentioned that the material he examined, 
<typeStatus id="54D972DF5751FF831C36FF22FE716F2C" box="[282,384,232,258]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
included, differ from the specimens studied by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5751FF831EEDFF22FB936F2C" author="Chace, F. A." box="[961,1122,232,258]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
in the form of the palmar spine on the major chela and the first pleura of males. Both of these characters are variable in 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5751FF8319C0FEDAFA656F07" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[1260,1428,272,298]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="51" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
Z. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5751FF831821FEDAFA656F07" box="[1293,1428,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but other details, such as color and host preferences, suggest that there is indeed a second species. The question of which of the species should retain the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5751FF831FDBFEAAFC8F6F57" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" box="[759,894,352,377]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
<emphasis id="B916106F5751FF831FDBFEAAFC8F6F57" box="[759,894,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
awaits a closer examination of the type material deposited in the USNM. Notably, figure 3n in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5751FF831E24FE42FC346F8C" author="Coutiere, H." box="[776,965,392,418]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="485 - 487" refId="ref48695" refString="Coutiere, H. (1910) The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37 (1716), 485 - 487." type="journal article" year="1910">Coutierè (1910)</bibRefCitation>
depicts a scaphocerite shorter than the ones we observed, which were more similar to figure 33b in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5751FF831E72FE7AFBF16FE4" author="Chace, F. A." box="[862,1024,432,458]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref48102" refString="Chace, F. A. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1972">Chace (1972)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDCC7D5751FF831DEAFE12FF1C6C44" blockId="51.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
At Carrie Bow Cay we have collected an undescribed species morphologically very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5751FF831832FE12FF3A6C37" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1910" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="51" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mcclendoni">
Z. 
<emphasis id="B916106F5751FF831813FE12FF3A6C37" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">mcclendoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but with a strikingly different color pattern (blue, white and red) on the major chela. Coinciding with most of the specimens examined by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3B18C5751FF831F61FDE2FCFA6C6C" author="Dardeau, M. R." box="[589,779,552,578]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref48732" refString="Dardeau, M. R. (1984) Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoires of the Hourglass Cruises, 7 (2), 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Dardeau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, these shrimp were living inside a sponge in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C62B7FE5751FF831DBBFD9AFF166C47" authorityName="Duchassaing de Fonbressin &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,231,592,617]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916106F5751FF831DBBFD9AFF166C47" box="[151,231,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Agelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>