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<document id="294381B9F73028F22CDFFE9CEFBB583A" ID-CLB-Dataset="174293" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5200.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8dd272c2-6802-4069-8d8f-a174a1154004" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260478" ID-ZooBank="27594EE8-4A77-4D6C-A411-D9710C7DF756" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666942980604" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Unnikrishnan, Usha Ayyath, Sobczyk, Thomas, Jose, Roby Thekkudan &amp; Jose, Joyce" docDate="2022" docId="AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5200.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5200 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eumasia thomasii Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="243" masterDocId="5711034F1979E10EFFF7D84EFFF5FFC6" masterDocTitle="Eumasia thomasii sp. nov. a new species of the subfamily Eumasiinae (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) from India" masterLastPageNumber="246" masterPageNumber="232" pageNumber="234" updateTime="1699408612442" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="5599F1AC82FF930457B813DD1D99CF9B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0666ECD73549D7A71C0CD75E177E827F">
<mods:title id="5F1121673AD52B5F57D6CE5ABD564506">Eumasia thomasii sp. nov. a new species of the subfamily Eumasiinae (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) from India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4863355A7CBA10EC6A06CE08D767EF02" type="personal">
<mods:role id="665789F62C83C035111588A432501527">
<mods:roleTerm id="5D1AB0B2045C87264AB2FFE3F3454245">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6EEC06343DEAC817A484A3D7CC549251">Unnikrishnan, Usha Ayyath</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4DF77F43279AF6154741CD9863A36C43" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9B5794C9A87CD2C94764FA8FECDBEF1A">
<mods:roleTerm id="B2D0053832FB3CDC11394A45E834258B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="10FBD2F69F051104180B45F936CB3B26">Sobczyk, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D7EB80A02471FB254AADE679383EBD00">Diesterwegstrasse 28, D- 02977 Hoyerswerda, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B4880D4036BA983231AB21F371BC6722" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AD259BDD5361F4B105D508BB52FB1F51">
<mods:roleTerm id="301502E5EC8547187FFB9D4109C584F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0F3DB969797FC05F9D0920ACF90CED27">Jose, Roby Thekkudan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F3E3B92A5FA0707C13CB82DA54C4B92E">Department of Botany, Carmel College, Mala, Kerala, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3C47F5E8D55A87ACC42501BB97E1B504" type="personal">
<mods:role id="22B9FB7B1A67B0B7F972C94306379296">
<mods:roleTerm id="843D1D985FBFDB9CF450926B3031A5D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9AF065608279933FD228D5017A89BD00">Jose, Joyce</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="86BB12094CD4E421931D1D3200724F4C">Department of Zoology, St Thomas College (Autonomous), Thrissur, Kerala, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8D1713464916ED24B13F7B20C2F24452">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DE1FEEF56972A2D5A3DF36BE5A33B7D4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C0D0DCC5D4044E75D021503AF92E4F3">
<mods:date id="F7C941900CCF5C62731EBFF5BFBD6027">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F40D7267329514A9DC67C14BE40D183C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3CEB62FD1F1D792F69A394EAD6554414">2022-10-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C92F8C5BE8A47739ED520E96787623CC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6AF29F26FFD596807B4D55E250B038A7">5200</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4E8295509FCCDA5DE23FBB233FC4960A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="CD30C8AB7F97085B8A978562AA642D1B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F85F005DC50D8979E9C09E37F1FD945C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3AC147F1B964F55B6084A8E17EDF274A" type="CLB-Dataset">174293</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BB6E104D88D9BCF113A01BC91FAA97D5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5200.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262116" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203704607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7262116" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA197BE10CFF60DA28FE3CFD46" box="[151,457,613,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF60DA28FE3CFD46" blockId="2.[151,457,613,676]" box="[151,457,613,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<heading id="78767D4D197BE10CFF60DA28FE3CFD46" bold="true" box="[151,457,613,640]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" reason="1">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF60DA28FE3CFD46" bold="true" box="[151,457,613,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A2197BE10CFF60DA28FE9CFD46" ID-CoL="9WG66" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,361,613,640]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF60DA28FE9CFD46" bold="true" box="[151,361,613,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Eumasia thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB48197BE10CFE98DA28FE3CFD46" box="[367,457,614,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA197BE10CFF60DAC4FEEDFD62" box="[151,280,650,676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="description">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF60DAC4FEEDFD62" blockId="2.[151,457,613,676]" box="[151,280,650,676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197BE10CFF68DAC4FEFAFD62" box="[159,271,650,676]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-10="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStart-9="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1992,2016]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1205,1229]" captionStartId-10="9.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,1998,2022]" captionStartId-3="4.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionStartId-4="5.[151,250,859,883]" captionStartId-5="5.[151,250,1769,1793]" captionStartId-6="6.[151,250,1157,1181]" captionStartId-7="7.[151,250,1288,1312]" captionStartId-8="7.[151,250,1992,2016]" captionStartId-9="8.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1421,1219,1951]" captionTargetBox-10="[151,1436,181,1003]" captionTargetBox-3="[175,1413,506,1798]" captionTargetBox-4="[154,1436,182,835]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,1101,1738]" captionTargetBox-6="[170,1411,330,1128]" captionTargetBox-7="[197,1367,189,1247]" captionTargetBox-9="[186,1406,203,1611]" captionTargetId-0="figure-246@2.[151,1436,1202,1966]" captionTargetId-1="figure-222@3.[283,1304,561,1181]" captionTargetId-10="figure-24@9.[151,1436,181,1003]" captionTargetId-2="figure-235@3.[289,1297,1253,1975]" captionTargetId-3="figure-181@4.[159,1428,489,1807]" captionTargetId-4="figure-24@5.[151,1436,181,835]" captionTargetId-5="figure-91@5.[151,1436,1087,1745]" captionTargetId-6="figure-77@6.[151,1437,309,1134]" captionTargetId-7="figure-24@7.[197,1390,181,1264]" captionTargetId-8="figure-35@7.[194,1394,1336,1968]" captionTargetId-9="figure-16@8.[167,1420,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-10="9" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionTargetPageId-4="5" captionTargetPageId-5="5" captionTargetPageId-6="6" captionTargetPageId-7="7" captionTargetPageId-8="7" captionTargetPageId-9="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. ♂ Holotype of Eumasia thomasii sps. nov. currently at STC, Thrissur India" captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Antennae a. male, b. female, drawing T. Sobczyk" captionText-10="FIGURE 11. Larval habitat" captionText-2="FIGURE 3. a. Female forewing, b. hindwing, drawing T. Sobczyk" captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Forewing a. scales b. fringes, drawing T. Sobczyk" captionText-4="FIGURE 5. ♂ Foreleg" captionText-5="FIGURE 6. ♂ Male genital, drawing T. Sobczyk" captionText-6="FIGURE 7. ♀ Paratype of Eumasia thomasii sp. nov. currently at STC Thrissur India" captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Pupal exuvia a. female b. male" captionText-8="FIGURE 9. Larva" captionText-9="FIGURE 10. Larval case a. male, b. female" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260480" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262108" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260494" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262112" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260482" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260484" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260486" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260488" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260490" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262114" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260492" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7260480/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7262108/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/7260494/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7262112/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7260482/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7260484/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7260486/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7260488/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7260490/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7262114/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7260492/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Figs 1–11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA197BE10CFF60DA9CFE54FCBA" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF60DA9CFB84FCF2" blockId="2.[151,1437,721,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF60DA9CFEB1FD2D" bold="true" box="[151,324,721,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="93E9C07C197BE10CFEBEDA9CFE8AFCD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948310304" collectingDate="2022-07-11" collectorName="Usha A U." country="India" latitude="10.18211" location="Koviloor" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Vattavada" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197BE10CFEBEDA9CFE40FD2A" box="[329,437,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<specimenCount id="358701A8197BE10CFE49DA9CFE20FD2A" box="[446,469,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB1197BE10CFE17DA9CFDC7FD2A" box="[480,562,722,748]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">INDIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="E14504C3197BE10CFDCBDA9CFD7CFD2A" box="[572,649,722,748]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C35A505B197BE10CFD64DA9CFCF1FD2A" box="[659,772,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Vattavada</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="265E9CFA197BE10CFCF9DA9CFC80FD2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197BE10CFCF9DA9CFC80FD2A" box="[782,885,722,748]" country="India" latitude="10.18211" municipality="Vattavada" name="Koviloor" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" stateProvince="Kerala">Koviloor</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="46B5ACE6197BE10CFC88DA9CFBFAFD2A" box="[895,1039,722,748]" degrees="10.18211" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" precision="1" value="10.18211">10.18211° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="46B5ACE6197BE10CFBEEDA9CFB65FD2B" box="[1049,1168,722,749]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" value="77.25923">77.25923°</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="573FECE1197BE10CFB6DDA9CFAEEFD2A" box="[1178,1307,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" value="2022-07-11">
<collectingDate id="477B1509197BE10CFB6DDA9CFAEEFD2A" box="[1178,1307,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" value="2022-07-11">11/07/2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, with larval case, leg.
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197BE10CFEFFDAB8FE8AFCD6" box="[264,383,758,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Usha A U.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="93E9C07C197BE10CFE70DAB8FB98FCF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948310303" country="India" county="Zoological Survey of India Museum" location="St. Thomas College" municipality="Calicut" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197BE10CFE70DAB8FE1AFCD6" box="[391,495,758,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
will be deposited at the
<collectingCounty id="CA5FB2AD197BE10CFCFEDAB8FB5CFCD6" box="[777,1193,758,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Zoological Survey of India Museum</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C35A505B197BE10CFB41DAB8FAFFFCD6" box="[1206,1290,758,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Calicut</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="E14504C3197BE10CFAE1DAB8FA94FCD6" box="[1302,1377,758,784]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Kerala</collectingRegion>
after submission of thesis of the first author and is at present at
<location id="265E9CFA197BE10CFCD4DB54FBF6FCF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197BE10CFCD4DB54FBF6FCF2" box="[803,1027,794,820]" country="India" county="Zoological Survey of India Museum" municipality="Calicut" name="St. Thomas College" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" stateProvince="Kerala">St. Thomas College</location>
,
<location id="265E9CFA197BE10CFBFADB54FB98FCF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197BE10CFBFADB54FB98FCF2" box="[1037,1133,794,820]" country="India" county="Zoological Survey of India Museum" municipality="Calicut" name="Thrissur" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" stateProvince="Kerala">Thrissur</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF30DB70FE54FCBA" blockId="2.[151,1437,721,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<materialsCitation id="93E9C07C197BE10CFF30DB70FE54FCBA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948310301" collectingDate="2022-07-10" collectorName="Usha A U." country="India" county="Zoological Survey of India Museum" location="St. Thomas College" municipality="Calicut" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197BE10CFF30DB70FECDFC9E" box="[199,312,830,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="358701A8197BE10CFEB2DB70FE41FC9E" box="[325,436,830,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(both with larval case), same data as holotype,
<date id="573FECE1197BE10CFC28DB70FB97FC9E" box="[991,1122,830,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" value="2022-07-10">
<collectingDate id="477B1509197BE10CFC28DB70FB97FC9E" box="[991,1122,830,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" value="2022-07-10">10/07/2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 25 larval cases with pupal exuviae, leg.
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197BE10CFEDBDB2CFE54FCBA" box="[300,417,866,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Usha A U.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA197BE10CFF30DBC8FECFFB92" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF30DBC8FECFFB92" blockId="2.[151,1437,721,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF30DBC8FEBBFC66" bold="true" box="[199,334,902,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Etymology.</emphasis>
The adult female in most bagworm species is characterized by rudimentary appendages and eyes and no wings. But in this species both male and female are winged, have well developed eyes, legs, and antennae. Therefore; the male and female adult moths are almost twin like. The word Thomas means ‘twin’ in aramic. The institution “St. Thomas College” in which the major part of the research was carried out is named for St. Thomas. Hence the species name “
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A2197BE10CFE40DC58FDE2FBF6" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[439,535,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFE40DC58FDE2FBF6" box="[439,535,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” alludes to the similar appearance of males and females and is also a homage to the institution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA197BE108FF30DC13FD25F870" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="238" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="description">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF30DC13FD60FB5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,721,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF30DC13FE04FBBD" bold="true" box="[199,497,1117,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
Description.
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197BE10CFE93DC10FE24FBBE" box="[356,465,1118,1144]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="358701A8197BE10CFE2BDC11FE04FBBD" box="[476,497,1119,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197BE10CFDF3DC10FDBFFBBE" box="[516,586,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1992,2016]" captionTargetBox="[160,1421,1219,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-246@2.[151,1436,1202,1966]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. ♂ Holotype of Eumasia thomasii sps. nov. currently at STC, Thrissur India" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260480/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), wingspan
<quantity id="E47967C4197BE10CFD2ADC10FCA0FBBE" box="[733,853,1118,1144]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="8.15" valueMax="8.3" valueMin="8.0">8–8.3 mm</quantity>
, body length
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, forewing length
<quantity id="E47967C4197BE10CFAB5DC10FA68FBBE" box="[1346,1437,1118,1144]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
including fringes, width
<quantity id="E47967C4197BE10CFE5CDCCCFDF6FB5A" box="[427,515,1154,1180]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, WI
<quantity id="E47967C4197BE10CFDCFDCCCFD64FB5A" box="[568,657,1154,1180]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197BE10CFF60DF86FBE1F826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260480" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260480" box="[151,1044,1992,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260480/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" startId="2.[151,250,1992,2016]" targetBox="[160,1421,1219,1951]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197BE10CFF60DF86FBE1F826" blockId="2.[151,1044,1992,2016]" box="[151,1044,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFF60DF86FEE6F826" bold="true" box="[151,275,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
♂ Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A2197BE10CFE44DF87FD9CF826" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[435,617,1992,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii">
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFE44DF87FD9CF826" box="[435,617,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">Eumasia thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F51633197BE10CFD98DF86FD3FF826" bold="true" box="[623,714,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="234">sps. nov.</emphasis>
currently at STC, Thrissur India
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197AE10DFF30D8D9FAF7FF3F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="11F51633197AE10DFF30D8D9FEF1FF77" box="[199,260,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">Head</emphasis>
. Vertex roughly covered with pale golden-brown hairs. Eyes large, inter ocular index, EI
<quantity id="E47967C4197AE10DFB29D8D9FAC3FF77" box="[1246,1334,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
.Antenna short, filiform,
<quantity id="E47967C4197AE10DFEB2D8F5FE68FF13" box="[325,413,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
long, and 25 segments (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197AE10DFD43D8F5FCFDFF13" box="[692,776,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1205,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-222@3.[283,1304,561,1181]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennae a. male, b. female, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262108/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Segments sparsely ciliated, especially ventrally, dorsally with a fan-shaped process of dark brown scales, angle about 35° (according to
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D0197AE10DFBFED891FB03FF3F" author="Hattenschwiler, P." box="[1033,1270,223,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235" pagination="264 - 282" refId="ref4981" refString="Hattenschwiler, P. (1998) Neue Eumasia - Arten aus Mittelspanien und den Malediven und einige Erganzungen zur Kenntnis der Gattung Eumasia (Psychidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 21 (4), 264 - 282." type="journal article" year="1998">Hättenschwiler 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197AE10DFF30D94DFDD4FDDF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="11F51633197AE10DFF30D94DFEEDFEDB" box="[199,280,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">Thorax</emphasis>
. Densely covered with long brown scales. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197AE10DFC83D94DFC31FEDB" box="[884,964,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1998,2022]" captionTargetId="figure-235@3.[289,1297,1253,1975]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. a. Female forewing, b. hindwing, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
) narrow and lanceolate, costa straight and termen tapering at apex. Discoidal cell is half the length of the forewing. Median stem of dc complete but faded from middle to apex dc. Dc bordered externally with transverse veins (not open, as in most
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A2197AE10DFB97D905FAEAFEA3" box="[1120,1311,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="11F51633197AE10DFB97D905FB37FEA2" box="[1120,1218,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">Eumasia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
). Venation: forewing with nine veins, seven veins from the dc. Sc straight and ended up in the middle length of costa. R1 from dc is parallel to the vein Sc but originating different length from the base. R2+3 and R4+5 run parallelly and end up on the costal margin at different lengths. M1 and R4+5 originate apically from dc reaching to apex. Veins R4+5 and M1 are not stalked at base but originate from the same point on the apex of dc. Veins M2+3, CuA1 and CuA2 are short and parallel to each other.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197AE10DFF60DCFBFCFFFB0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262108" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7262108" box="[151,778,1205,1229]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262108/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="235" startId="3.[151,250,1205,1229]" targetBox="[287,1297,561,1175]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197AE10DFF60DCFBFCFFFB0B" blockId="3.[151,778,1205,1229]" box="[151,778,1205,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="11F51633197AE10DFF60DCFBFEE6FB0B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1205,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Antennae a. male, b. female, drawing T. Sobczyk
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197AE10DFF60DF80FCCFF820" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262112" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7262112" box="[151,826,1998,2022]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="235" startId="3.[151,250,1998,2022]" targetBox="[297,1289,1264,1965]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197AE10DFF60DF80FCCFF820" blockId="3.[151,826,1998,2022]" box="[151,826,1998,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="11F51633197AE10DFF60DF80FEE6F820" bold="true" box="[151,275,1998,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="235">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
a. Female forewing, b. hindwing, drawing T. Sobczyk
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197DE10AFF30D8D9FB99FE17" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">
Hindwing (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197DE10AFEB0D8D9FE6CFF77" box="[327,409,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1998,2022]" captionTargetId="figure-235@3.[289,1297,1253,1975]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. a. Female forewing, b. hindwing, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262112/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
) is narrow and small, costa straight and vein Sc+R1 run adjacent to costa. Vein Rs and M1 are stalked and terminating to apex and termen respectively. M1 and M2+M3 run parallelly to termen. CuA1 and CuA2 are stalked and short. Anal veins are very short and almost invisible on the wings. Forewings thickly covered with broad, mostly 5–6 pointed scales (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197DE10AFDADD94DFD59FEDB" box="[602,684,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,506,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-181@4.[159,1428,489,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Forewing a. scales b. fringes, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
) (classes 5–6 after
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D0197DE10AFC7CD94DFBEDFEDB" author="Sauter, W." box="[907,1048,258,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="236" pagination="451 - 550" refId="ref5344" refString="Sauter, W. (1956) Morphologie und Systematik der schweizerischen Solenobia - Arten (Lep., Psychidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 63, 451 - 550, pls. 1 - 5, 1 tab. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75469" type="journal article" year="1956">Sauter 1956</bibRefCitation>
). Ground colour of the upper side of the forewing is greyish white marked with blackish brown spots. Anterior margin without clear dark spots. An indistinct oblique band of dark scales from one-fourth of the anterior margin to half of the posterior margin.Another band from half anterior margin to half posterior margin. A third band slightly distal to it. A most conspicuous feature is a broad band of dark scales at three-quarters wing length. Distal to this, isolated dark scales towards the apex and outer margin. Fringes whitish, narrow, unicoloured, usually 3-pointed distally (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197DE10AFBFCD9F9FBAAFE17" box="[1035,1119,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,506,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-181@4.[159,1428,489,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Forewing a. scales b. fringes, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197DE10AFF60DF68FCE7F8F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260482" box="[151,786,1830,1854]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="236" startId="4.[151,250,1830,1854]" targetBox="[175,1413,506,1798]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197DE10AFF60DF68FCE7F8F8" blockId="4.[151,786,1830,1854]" box="[151,786,1830,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="11F51633197DE10AFF60DF68FEE6F8F8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1830,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Forewing a. scales b. fringes, drawing T. Sobczyk
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197DE10AFF30DF23FAF5F835" blockId="4.[151,1436,1901,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">
Hindwing ground colour silver white without any spots and markings, covered with white greyish coloured scales. Scales narrower as fore wing, more rounded distally, few indentations. Outer margin with long whitish fringes. Forelegs (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197DE10AFE92DFFBFE5CF809" box="[357,425,1972,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,859,883]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,182,835]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[151,1436,181,835]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. ♂ Foreleg" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260484/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="236">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) ventrally with long hairbrush along with the length of tibia, hind legs are very long,
<quantity id="E47967C4197DE10AFA8EDFFAFF36F835" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="236" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
in length, covered with long whitish hairs on tibia and shorter hairlike scales on tarsal segments.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197CE10BFF60DB15FE75FCB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260484" box="[151,384,859,883]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260484/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" startId="5.[151,250,859,883]" targetBox="[154,1436,182,835]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197CE10BFF60DB15FE75FCB5" blockId="5.[151,384,859,883]" box="[151,384,859,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="11F51633197CE10BFF60DB15FEE6FCB5" bold="true" box="[151,275,859,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
♂ Foreleg
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197CE10BFF30DBEFFC28FC7D" blockId="5.[151,1436,929,1064]" box="[199,989,929,956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="11F51633197CE10BFF30DBEFFEC4FC7D" box="[199,305,929,955]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Abdomen long, thickly covered with blackish brown scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197CE10BFF30DB8BFAB7FBEE" blockId="5.[151,1436,929,1064]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="11F51633197CE10BFF30DB8BFEC4FC19" box="[199,305,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197CE10BFEB4DB8BFE7FFC19" box="[323,394,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1769,1793]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1101,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-91@5.[151,1436,1087,1745]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. ♂ Male genital, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260486/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFE55DB8BFDFCFC26" box="[418,521,965,992]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="0.86">0.86 mm</quantity>
long, Tegumen arched anteriorly and concave Valva elongate and symmetrical, presence of hairs anteriorly. Vinculum V shaped and saccus very long and pointed at apex. Saccus two-thirds the length of the genitalia. Phallus very long and straight tube-like structure, with pointed tip, length
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFB21DC43FAC8FBEE" box="[1238,1341,1037,1064]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="0.52">0.52 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197CE10BFF60DEA7FD7CF8C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260486" box="[151,649,1769,1793]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260486/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" startId="5.[151,250,1769,1793]" targetBox="[159,1427,1101,1738]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197CE10BFF60DEA7FD7CF8C7" blockId="5.[151,649,1769,1793]" box="[151,649,1769,1793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="11F51633197CE10BFF60DEA7FEE6F8C7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1769,1793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
♂ Male genital, drawing T. Sobczyk
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197CE108FF30DF7EFD06FEDB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1839,2010]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="238" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197CE10BFF30DF7EFEDCF88C" box="[199,297,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="358701A8197CE10BFED8DF7EFEB1F88C" box="[303,324,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197CE10BFEA6DF61FE61F88C" box="[337,404,1839,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1157,1181]" captionTargetBox="[170,1411,330,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-77@6.[151,1437,309,1134]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. ♀ Paratype of Eumasia thomasii sp. nov. currently at STC Thrissur India" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260488/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Winged; Body
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFDB8DF61FD21F88C" box="[591,724,1839,1866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="3.85" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.2 mm</quantity>
long, stout and larger than males; wingspan
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFB4ADF7EFAD8F88C" box="[1213,1325,1840,1866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="8.4" valueMax="8.8" valueMin="8.0">8–8.8 mm</quantity>
including fringes, sizes of the wings of female and male are same, forewing length including fringes
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFB33DF1AFAD5F8A8" box="[1220,1312,1876,1902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFA8EDF1AFF30F854" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, forewing index
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFE7BDF36FE1CF854" box="[396,489,1912,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
. Vertex is covered with thick pale golden coloured hairlike scales, antennae (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197CE10BFA98DF39FF41F873" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1205,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-222@3.[283,1304,561,1181]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennae a. male, b. female, drawing T. Sobczyk" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262108/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="237">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
) filiform, 23–25 segments, length
<quantity id="E47967C4197CE10BFDBDDFD5FD50F870" box="[586,677,1947,1974]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
, completely covered with broad scales arranged in rings, slightly projecting distally, without cilia. Thorax is pale brown, sparsely covered with scales. Abdomen long, stout, pale-yellow,
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FF04D8D9FECDFF77" box="[243,312,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, white greyish scales on the abdominal segments and golden coloured hair tuft on the last abdominal segment. Forewing thickly covered with light brown and blackish scales; blackish scales are arranged as spots on the forewings. Hindwings are without markings and patterns, densely covered with white greyish scales, outer margins of both the wings are with long fringes.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197FE108FF60DCCBFC0AFB58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260488" box="[151,1023,1157,1182]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260488/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" startId="6.[151,250,1157,1181]" targetBox="[170,1411,330,1128]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197FE108FF60DCCBFC0AFB58" blockId="6.[151,1023,1157,1182]" box="[151,1023,1157,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FF60DCCBFEE6FB58" bold="true" box="[151,275,1157,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
♀ Paratype of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A2197FE108FE5ADCC8FD96FB58" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[429,611,1158,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FE5ADCC8FD96FB58" box="[429,611,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Eumasia thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FD9DDCC8FD4FFB58" bold="true" box="[618,698,1158,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB48197FE108FD9DDCC8FD4FFB58" box="[618,698,1158,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
currently at STC Thrissur India
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197FE108FF30DC82FD14FACC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1228,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FF30DC82FEAFFB20" box="[199,346,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Pupal exuvia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197FE108FE9FDC82FE59FB20" box="[360,428,1228,1254]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1288,1312]" captionTargetBox="[197,1367,189,1247]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[197,1390,181,1264]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupal exuvia a. female b. male" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Pupal cases of both the sexes light brown coloured. Length of a male pupal case
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FAB7DC82FA6DFB20" box="[1344,1432,1228,1254]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FF29DCBEFEC3FACC" box="[222,310,1264,1290]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
, in female
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FE45DCBEFDFDFACC" box="[434,520,1264,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
and width 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197FE108FF30DD5BFD7DFAB0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1228,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FF30DD5BFEFFFAE8" box="[199,266,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Larva</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197FE108FEECDD5AFE94FAE8" box="[283,353,1300,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1992,2016]" captionTargetId="figure-35@7.[194,1394,1336,1968]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larva" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262114/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Mature larva
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FDE6DD5AFD70FAE8" box="[529,645,1300,1327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
long, head dark brown, thoracal segments pale brown, more strongly sclerotized, without clearly separated darker fields. Abdomen pale yellow. Thoracic legs are well developed and blackish brown. Anal prolegs are very short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197FE108FF30DDCEFAF4F9EC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1228,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FF30DDCEFEBEFA5C" box="[199,331,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Larval case</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197FE108FEADDDCEFE03FA5C" box="[346,502,1408,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[186,1406,203,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-16@8.[167,1420,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 10. Larval case a. male, b. female" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260492/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Fig.10a and b</figureCitation>
). Cases of this species are round externally with a long tube protruding at the lower end. The tube extends upward internally as long tube-like case of width
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FC46DDEAFBFDFA78" box="[945,1032,1444,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, it is wrapped with a sheath made up of silk, sand, soil particles, snail shells, algae, and insect debris. All the cases were found attached to the underside of the rocks with a small thread (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197FE108FDF9DDA2FD95F9C0" box="[526,608,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-24@9.[151,1436,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 11. Larval habitat" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260494/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
).
<collectingRegion id="E14504C3197FE108FD80DDA2FD44F9C0" box="[631,689,1516,1542]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Male</collectingRegion>
larval cases are smaller than females and it have
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FB14DDA2FA96F9C0" box="[1251,1379,1516,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="9.75" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.5">8.5–11 mm</quantity>
total length and
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FEE3DE5EFE73F9EC" box="[276,390,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–5 mm</quantity>
width at middle, female larval cases are
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FCB8DE5EFC29F9EC" box="[847,988,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="12.25" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.5">11.5–13 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FBBCDE5EFB48F9EC" box="[1099,1213,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA21197FE108FF30DE7AFD25F870" blockId="6.[151,1437,1228,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FF30DE7AFECDF988" bold="true" box="[199,312,1588,1614]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Location.</emphasis>
The pupal cases were collected from Koviloor (
<geoCoordinate id="46B5ACE6197FE108FC9DDE7AFC04F988" box="[874,1009,1588,1614]" degrees="10.18211" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" precision="1" value="10.18211">10.18211ºN</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="46B5ACE6197FE108FBDADE7AFB48F988" box="[1069,1213,1588,1615]" degrees="77.25923" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" precision="1" value="77.25923">77.25923º E</geoCoordinate>
),
<location id="265E9CFA197FE108FB23DE7AFAB0F988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197FE108FB23DE7AFAB0F988" box="[1236,1349,1588,1614]" country="India" county="North east Monsoon" latitude="10.18211" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Altitude" name="Vattavada" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" stateProvince="Kerala">Vattavada</location>
,
<location id="265E9CFA197FE108FAA4DE7AFF1DF9B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197FE108FAA4DE7AFF1DF9B4" country="India" county="North east Monsoon" latitude="10.18211" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Altitude" name="Idukki district" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" stateProvince="Kerala">Idukki district</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="E14504C3197FE108FF03DE16FEB7F9B4" box="[244,322,1624,1650]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Kerala</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="265E9CFA197FE108FEB9DE16FE46F9B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197FE108FEB9DE16FE46F9B4" box="[334,435,1624,1650]" country="India" county="North east Monsoon" latitude="10.18211" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Altitude" name="Koviloor" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" stateProvince="Kerala">Koviloor</location>
is a mixed culture village, situated in Vattavada Panchayat. It is 43.5 kms from
<location id="265E9CFA197FE108FAB3DE16FA68F9B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197FE108FAB3DE16FA68F9B4" box="[1348,1437,1624,1650]" country="India" county="North east Monsoon" latitude="10.18211" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Altitude" name="Munnar" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" stateProvince="Kerala">Munnar</location>
on the road to
<location id="265E9CFA197FE108FECEDE32FE4FF950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB287B37197BE102FF60DA28FB0AFE33:265E9CFA197FE108FECEDE32FE4FF950" box="[313,442,1660,1686]" country="India" county="North east Monsoon" latitude="10.18211" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.25923" municipality="Altitude" name="Kodaikanal" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" stateProvince="Kerala">Kodaikanal</location>
(
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A4197FE108FE3DDE32FDEBF950" box="[458,542,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,189,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-16@10.[215,1373,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 12. Map of type locality" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260496/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="C35A505B197FE108FDC7DE32FD79F950" box="[560,652,1660,1686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Altitude</collectingMunicipality>
at the place of collection was
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FC16DE32FBDBF950" box="[993,1070,1660,1686]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="A8AC2D12197FE108FC16DE32FBDBF950" box="[993,1070,1660,1686]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FBCADE32FB38F950" box="[1085,1229,1660,1687]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6999976159999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="ft" value="5577.42">
<elevation id="A8AC2D12197FE108FBCADE32FB38F950" box="[1085,1229,1660,1687]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6999976159999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="ft" value="5577.42">5577.42 feet</elevation>
</quantity>
) ASL. Koviloor is surrounded by different hill peaks such as Pattitaichchi mala (2497 mASL), Kaladankanava mettu (2457 mASL), Pullardi shola reserved forest, Jhanda mala (2522 mASL) and Vattavada (2153 mASL).The soil
<typeStatus id="FC3A7483197FE108FB23DE8AFAF1F918" box="[1236,1284,1732,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">type</typeStatus>
of the region is described as ‘
<emphasis id="11F51633197FE108FEBCDEA6FAF0F8E0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FEBCDEA6FE6CF8C4" box="[331,409,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Clayey</collectorName>
mixed ustic pale humults and rock land (very deep, well drained, clayey soil on moderately steeply sloping high hills with thin vegetation, with moderate erosion, associated with rock outcrops)
</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D0197FE108FADDDF42FEBDF88C" author="Soil Maps of India" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" refId="ref5400" refString="Soil Maps of India (1996) Soil Maps of India. Prepared and Published by National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR) with Department of Agriculture, Kerala. [mas]" type="book" year="1996">
Soil Maps of
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB1197FE108FF4FDF7EFF07F88C" box="[184,242,1840,1866]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">India</collectingCountry>
(1996)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FEA2DF7EFE16F88C" box="[341,483,1840,1866]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">In Vattavada</collectorName>
the winter temperature ranges from 5 °C to 20 °C and in summer 12 °C to 18 °C, in monsoon season, maximum daily temperature is very low and highest temperature recorded is 19 °
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FAE9DF1AFA69F8A8" box="[1310,1436,1876,1902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">C. Average</collectorName>
rainfall according to
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FE74DF36FE3BF854" box="[387,462,1912,1938]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Centre</collectorName>
for
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FE0ADF36FCB1F854" box="[509,836,1912,1938]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Earth Studies Resource Atlas</collectorName>
of
<collectingRegion id="E14504C3197FE108FC9CDF36FC43F854" box="[875,950,1912,1938]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">Kerala</collectingRegion>
(1984) is
<collectingCounty id="CA5FB2AD197FE108FBDEDF36FAFBF854" box="[1065,1294,1912,1938]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">North east Monsoon</collectingCounty>
–
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FAD2DF36FA6DF854" box="[1317,1432,1912,1939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50–60 cm</quantity>
;
<collectorName id="8E74AFF7197FE108FF60DFD2FF2DF870" box="[151,216,1948,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="238">South</collectorName>
west
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FEEDDFD2FE50F870" box="[282,421,1948,1975]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="cm" value="175.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="150.0">150–200 cm</quantity>
and other rains
<quantity id="E47967C4197FE108FDAEDFD2FD39F870" box="[601,716,1948,1974]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="238" unit="cm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40 cm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197EE109FF60DD46FDA4FAE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260490" box="[151,593,1288,1312]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260490/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="239" startId="7.[151,250,1288,1312]" targetBox="[197,1367,189,1247]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197EE109FF60DD46FDA4FAE6" blockId="7.[151,593,1288,1312]" box="[151,593,1288,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="11F51633197EE109FF60DD46FEE6FAE6" bold="true" box="[151,275,1288,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="239">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Pupal exuvia a. female b. male
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="77FE9AA9197EE109FF60DF86FEA1F826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7262114" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7262114" box="[151,340,1992,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7262114/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="239" startId="7.[151,250,1992,2016]" targetBox="[229,1352,1370,1932]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="233ECA21197EE109FF60DF86FEA1F826" blockId="7.[151,340,1992,2016]" box="[151,340,1992,2016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="11F51633197EE109FF60DF86FEE6F826" bold="true" box="[151,275,1992,2016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="239">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Larva
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="77FE9AA91971E106FF60DE3FFDA0F94C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260492" box="[151,597,1649,1674]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260492/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="240" startId="8.[151,250,1649,1673]" targetBox="[186,1406,203,1611]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="233ECA211971E106FF60DE3FFDA0F94C" blockId="8.[151,597,1649,1674]" box="[151,597,1649,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="11F516331971E106FF60DE3FFED5F94F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1649,1673]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Larval case a. male, b. female
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA1971E107FF30DEF6FDFCF9F1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="8" pageNumber="240" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="233ECA211971E106FF30DEF6FEB6F834" blockId="8.[151,1437,1720,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="11F516331971E106FF30DEF6FED2F914" bold="true" box="[199,295,1720,1746]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">Biology.</emphasis>
The larval cases were collected from underside of rocks. Active larvae were observed scrapping the surface of the rocks and it is assumed that the larvae fed on the algae and mosses on the rocks following previous reports (Saigusa and Sugimoto 2013;
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01971E106FDCEDF4EFCEFF8DC" author="Roh, S. J. &amp; Byun, B. K." box="[569,794,1792,1818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240" pagination="91 - 93" refId="ref5186" refString="Roh, S. J. &amp; Byun, B. K. (2016) Discovery of Ceratosticha leptodeta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) from Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 9, 91 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. japb. 2015.12.009" type="journal article" year="2016">Roh and Byun 2016</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01971E106FCD3DF4EFC26F8DC" author="Roh, S. J. &amp; Lee, B. - W. &amp; Byun, B. K." box="[804,979,1792,1818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="240" pagination="49 - 64" refId="ref5240" refString="Roh, S. J., Lee, B. - W. &amp; Byun, B. K. (2018). Two new species of the genus Dahlica Enderlein (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) from Korea. ZooKeys, 733, 49 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 730.20793" type="journal article" year="2018">
Roh
<emphasis id="11F516331971E106FCAEDF4FFC64F8DC" box="[857,913,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Bits of algae and mosses were retrieved from the larval cases. Adult emergence was noted at night.
<collectingRegion id="E14504C31971E106FCC2DF6AFC9AF8F8" box="[821,879,1828,1854]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="8" pageNumber="240">Male</collectingRegion>
moths are active flyers after emergence, they are active during day and night, whereas females moved less and stay on the case and its vicinity after emergence. It is assumed that the larger size and weight of their abdomen is a restraint to flight. Distinguishing the moths and cases from the surroundings are difficult due to it colour and positioning of cases, a characteristic suitable to evade from predators. The duration of pupation was 15–18 days. Life span of females was one week, whereas male adults lived up to 3–4 days.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA91970E107FF60DC4DFE47FBDD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260494" box="[151,434,1027,1051]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260494/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" startId="9.[151,250,1027,1051]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1003]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="233ECA211970E107FF60DC4DFE47FBDD" blockId="9.[151,434,1027,1051]" box="[151,434,1027,1051]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FF60DC4DFEEBFBDD" bold="true" box="[151,286,1027,1051]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Larval habitat
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA211970E107FF30DC07FCB2FB16" blockId="9.[151,1437,1097,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FF30DC07FDD2FBA5" bold="true" box="[199,551,1097,1123]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">DNA barcode and phylogeny.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="93E9C07C1970E107FDD9DC07FA69FB6D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948310302" accessionNumber="OP302728, KX045802" collectionCode="NCBI, BLAST" country="Germany" location="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1">
COI sequencing of the species was done and the sequence has 687 base pairs. The sequence was uploaded in the
<collectionCode id="459052E41970E107FDC4DC23FD83FB41" box="[563,630,1133,1159]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">NCBI</collectionCode>
GenBank with the accession number
<accessionNumber id="3CD257C21970E107FBC4DC23FB5AFB41" box="[1075,1199,1133,1159]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP302728" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" type="GenBank">OP302728</accessionNumber>
. The
<collectionCode id="459052E41970E107FB05DC23FABFFB41" box="[1266,1354,1133,1159]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">BLAST</collectionCode>
search results of the sequence show 91.03% sequence similarity with
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FCA8DCDCFBA2FB6D" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1854" box="[863,1111,1169,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietariella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FCA8DCDCFBA2FB6D" box="[863,1111,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia parietariella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<accessionNumber id="3CD257C21970E107FB91DCDFFB13FB6A" box="[1126,1254,1169,1196]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KX045802" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">KX045802</accessionNumber>
) from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FAC3DCDFFA69FB6D" box="[1332,1436,1169,1195]" name="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Germany</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="93E9C07C1970E107FF60DCFBFCB7FB16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948310305" accessionNumber="LC094210" box="[151,834,1205,1232]" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1">
and 90.83% with
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FEAADCF8FDDFFB09" box="[349,554,1205,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FEAADCF8FDDFFB09" box="[349,554,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia muscella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<accessionNumber id="3CD257C21970E107FDCFDCFBFD46FB09" box="[568,691,1205,1231]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC094210" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">LC094210</accessionNumber>
) from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FD08DCF8FCB7FB16" box="[767,834,1206,1232]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Japan</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA211970E107FF30DC97FDFCF9F1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1097,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
The evolutionary relationship is depicted in the tree with the highest log likelihood (-2328.62) (
<figureCitation id="BBBAD6A41970E107FAD0DC97FA86FB35" box="[1319,1395,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[170,1424,195,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-24@11.[155,1432,181,1707]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 13. Phylogenetic tree of Eumasia" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260498/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Fig.13</figureCitation>
). A hypothetical taxonomic unit of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FE00DCB0FDACFAD1" authorityName="Chretien" authorityYear="1904" box="[503,601,1278,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FE00DCB0FDACFAD1" box="[503,601,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ancestor split into two branches.
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FC27DCB0FBBAFAD1" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[976,1103,1277,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FC27DCB0FBBAFAD1" box="[976,1103,1277,1303]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FBA0DCB3FB45FAD1" bold="true" box="[1111,1200,1277,1303]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481970E107FBA0DCB3FB45FAD1" box="[1111,1200,1277,1303]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shows affinity to the branch having
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FEC8DD6CFE36FAFD" box="[319,451,1313,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FEC8DD6CFE36FAFD" box="[319,451,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. muscella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FE0CDD6CFD33FAFD" box="[507,710,1313,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridilichenella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FE0CDD6CFD33FAFD" box="[507,710,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. viridilichenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but seems to have evolved earlier into an independent taxon.
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FA73DD6CFED0FA99" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietariella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FA73DD6CFED0FA99" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. parietariella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the other branch.
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FD84DD0BFC9AFA99" author="Hattenschwiler, P." box="[627,879,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="264 - 282" refId="ref4981" refString="Hattenschwiler, P. (1998) Neue Eumasia - Arten aus Mittelspanien und den Malediven und einige Erganzungen zur Kenntnis der Gattung Eumasia (Psychidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 21 (4), 264 - 282." type="journal article" year="1998">Hättenschwiler (1998)</bibRefCitation>
separates
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FC10DD08FBBCFA99" authorityName="Chretien" authorityYear="1904" box="[999,1097,1350,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FC10DD08FBBCFA99" box="[999,1097,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into an eastern and a western group based on morphological characteristics (e.g., epiphysis on the front leg tibia, length of saccus in relation to total length of male genitalia, lobes at tegumen on male genitalia). The eastern species show an epiphysis that is absent in the western species. According to this,
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD44DDFCFCC7FA0D" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[691,818,1457,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FD44DDFCFCC7FA0D" box="[691,818,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FCCFDDFFFC64FA0D" bold="true" box="[824,913,1457,1483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481970E107FCCFDDFFFC64FA0D" box="[824,913,1457,1483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
would belong more to the western group (with
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FF60DD98FEC6FA29" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,307,1494,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communita">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FF60DD98FEC6FA29" box="[151,307,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. communita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FE9BDD98FDEFFA29" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1854" box="[364,538,1493,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietariella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FE9BDD98FDEFFA29" box="[364,538,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. parietariella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD39DD98FCA7FA29" box="[718,850,1493,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FD39DD98FCA7FA29" box="[718,850,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. muscella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FC7DDD98FBA0FA29" box="[906,1109,1493,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridilichenella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FC7DDD98FBA0FA29" box="[906,1109,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. viridilichenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The pronounced saccus and lobular processes of the tegumen, on the other hand, correspond to the eastern group. It seems that this division into regional groups is not consistent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9B99AA1970E102FF30DE0FFB0AFE33" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="233ECA211970E107FF30DE0FFCB8F965" blockId="9.[151,1437,1097,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FF30DE0FFEB7F99D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1601,1627]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FEBEDE0CFDE6F99D" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[329,531,1601,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FEBEDE0CFDE6F99D" box="[329,531,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FDEBDE0FFD82F99D" bold="true" box="[540,631,1601,1627]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481970E107FDEBDE0FFD82F99D" box="[540,631,1601,1627]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FCF9DE0CFC67F99D" box="[782,914,1601,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscella">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FCF9DE0CFC67F99D" box="[782,914,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. muscella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FC56DE0FFB22F99A" author="Saigusa, T. &amp; Sugimoto, M." box="[929,1239,1601,1628]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="12 - 23" refId="ref5301" refString="Saigusa, T. &amp; Sugimoto, M. (2005) Taxonomic study on Japanese species of the genus Eumasia, hitherto unknown from Japan (Lepidoptera, Psychidae). Tinea, 18 (3), 12 - 23." type="journal article" year="2005">Saigusa &amp; Sugimoto, 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FB14DE0FFA60F99D" author="Roh, S. J. &amp; Lee, B. - W. &amp; Byun, B. K." box="[1251,1429,1601,1627]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="49 - 64" refId="ref5240" refString="Roh, S. J., Lee, B. - W. &amp; Byun, B. K. (2018). Two new species of the genus Dahlica Enderlein (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) from Korea. ZooKeys, 733, 49 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 730.20793" type="journal article" year="2018">
Roh
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FAEDDE0CFAA6F99D" box="[1306,1363,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
) from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FF21DE28FEE3F946" box="[214,278,1638,1664]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Japan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FEA7DE2BFE2BF946" box="[336,478,1637,1664]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">South Korea</collectingCountry>
by forewing venation -, the veins R4+5 and M1, M2+3 and CuA1 are stalked in
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FA73DE28FEF4F965" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FA73DE28FF08F965" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscella">E. muscella</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
whereas no veins are stalked in
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD9ADEC4FD19F965" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[621,748,1673,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FD9ADEC4FD19F965" box="[621,748,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FD04DEC7FCB8F965" bold="true" box="[755,845,1673,1699]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481970E107FD04DEC7FCB8F965" box="[755,845,1673,1699]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="233ECA211970E107FF30DEE3FDC6F859" blockId="9.[151,1437,1097,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
With regards to the difference between
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD6FDEE0FCFAF901" box="[664,783,1709,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziegleri">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FD6FDEE0FCFAF901" box="[664,783,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">E. ziegleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FC66DEE0FAF1F901" authority=", Hattenschwiler (1998)" authorityName=", Hattenschwiler" authorityYear="1998" box="[913,1284,1709,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FC66DEE0FC06F901" box="[913,1011,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Eumasia</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FBF2DEE3FAF1F901" author="Hattenschwiler, P." box="[1029,1284,1709,1735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="264 - 282" refId="ref4981" refString="Hattenschwiler, P. (1998) Neue Eumasia - Arten aus Mittelspanien und den Malediven und einige Erganzungen zur Kenntnis der Gattung Eumasia (Psychidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 21 (4), 264 - 282." type="journal article" year="1998">Hättenschwiler (1998)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
writes: “
<emphasis id="11F516331970E107FA85DEE3FA65F891" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">
The species
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FF06DE9CFDC0F92D" authority="(Walker, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[241,565,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulella">
E. parvulella (
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FE60DE9FFDD9F92D" author="Walker, F." box="[407,556,1745,1771]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="287 - 561" refId="ref5682" refString="Walker, F. (1863) Lepidoptera Heterocera. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 28, 287 - 561." type="journal article" year="1863">Walker, 1863</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD86DE9CFC41F92D" authority="(Walker, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[625,948,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">
E. arenatella (
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FCE1DE9FFC5EF92D" author="Walker, F." box="[790,939,1745,1771]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="837 - 1096" refId="ref5713" refString="Walker, F. (1864) Lepidoptera Heterocera. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 30, 837 - 1096." type="journal article" year="1864">Walker, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
described from Southeast Asia are larger; the latter has 8 (or 6 veins from the dc),
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FD96DEB8FC73F8C9" authority="(Meyrick, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[609,902,1781,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testata">
E. testata (
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FD2BDEBBFC8BF8C9" author="Meyrick, E." box="[732,894,1781,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="104 - 131" refId="ref5085" refString="Meyrick, E. (1911) Description of Indian Micro-Lepidoptera. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 21, 104 - 131." type="journal article" year="1911">Meyrick, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is also larger [as
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FBA1DEB8FB39F8C9" box="[1110,1228,1781,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziegleri">E. ziegleri</taxonomicName>
], has whitish hind wings and flies March to April;
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FE0FDF54FCC9F8F5" authority="Meyrick, 1919" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[504,828,1817,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypsiphila">
E. crypsiphila
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FD6CDF57FCC9F8F5" author="Meyrick, E." box="[667,828,1817,1843]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref5111" refString="Meyrick, E. (1919) s. n. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2 (9), 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1919">Meyrick, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FC8BDF57FC1CF8F5" box="[892,1001,1817,1843]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
has a similar habit but flies as early as January and
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21970E107FEDEDF70FDC3F891" authority="Meyrick, 1919" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[297,566,1853,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
E. exoria
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01970E107FE62DF73FDC3F891" author="Meyrick, E." box="[405,566,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="241" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref5111" refString="Meyrick, E. (1919) s. n. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2 (9), 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1919">Meyrick, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Pusa, Bengal in northern
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11970E107FC63DF73FC3AF891" box="[916,975,1853,1879]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="241">India</collectingCountry>
has white-grey hind wings and is larger.
</emphasis>
” For all these species, the original descriptions say little, they are often based on individual specimens and do not allow statements about the variation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="77FE9AA91973E104FF60DFD9FE01F876" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260496" box="[151,500,1943,1968]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260496/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="242" startId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[220,1366,189,1912]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="233ECA211973E104FF60DFD9FE01F876" blockId="10.[151,500,1943,1968]" box="[151,500,1943,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="11F516331973E104FF60DFD9FED5F869" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="10" pageNumber="242">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Map of type locality
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="77FE9AA91972E105FF60DE8DFDA4F91D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260498" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260498" box="[151,593,1731,1755]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260498/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" startId="11.[151,250,1731,1755]" targetBox="[170,1424,195,1699]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="233ECA211972E105FF60DE8DFDA4F91D" blockId="11.[151,593,1731,1755]" box="[151,593,1731,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FF60DE8DFED5F91D" bold="true" box="[151,288,1731,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic tree of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FE0FDE8AFDA4F91D" authorityName=", Hattenschwiler" authorityYear="1998" box="[504,593,1732,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumasia</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="233ECA211972E102FF30DF4AFB0AFE33" blockId="11.[151,1437,1796,2039]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">
Only two species are reported from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11972E105FDA8DF4AFD68F8D8" box="[607,669,1796,1822]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">India</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FD5FDF4BFCE5F8D8" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[680,784,1797,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FD5FDF4BFCE5F8D8" box="[680,784,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. exoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FCB0DF4BFC14F8D8" box="[839,993,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FCB0DF4BFC28F8D8" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[839,989,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">E. arenatella</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
For
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FBE0DF4BFB5CF8D8" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[1047,1193,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FBE0DF4BFB5CF8D8" box="[1047,1193,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. arenatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the first record from
<collectingCountry id="5B968AB11972E105FF60DF66FF24F884" box="[151,209,1832,1858]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">India</collectingCountry>
at Kurseong, E. Himalayas,
<quantity id="E47967C41972E105FDF8DF66FD9DF884" box="[527,616,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" unit="ft" value="5000.0">5000 ft.</quantity>
, in the month of September was added by
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01972E105FBC8DF66FB1AF884" author="Meyrick, E." box="[1087,1263,1832,1858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" pagination="217 - 232" refId="ref5043" refString="Meyrick, E. (1910) XXII. Notes and descriptions of Indian Micro-Lepidoptera. Records of the Indian Museum, 5, 217 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 10499" type="journal article" year="1910">Meyrick (1910)</bibRefCitation>
with no further information on specimen numbers or appearance: The original description by Walker gives a wingspan of
<quantity id="E47967C41972E105FACEDF02FA68F8A1" box="[1337,1437,1868,1895]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="12.6">12.6 mm</quantity>
for the female of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FE96DF3FFE01F84C" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[353,500,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FE96DF3FFE01F84C" box="[353,500,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. arenatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is thus significantly larger than
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FC7FDF3FFBFCF84C" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[904,1033,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FC7FDF3FFBFCF84C" box="[904,1033,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FBE4DF3EFB9BF84C" bold="true" box="[1043,1134,1904,1930]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481972E105FBE4DF3EFB9BF84C" box="[1043,1134,1904,1930]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FB80DF3FFAFFF84C" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[1143,1290,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FB80DF3FFAFFF84C" box="[1143,1290,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. arenatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only six veins from the forewing dc (
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01972E105FE21DFDAFD34F868" author="Hattenschwiler, P." box="[470,705,1940,1966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" pagination="264 - 282" refId="ref4981" refString="Hattenschwiler, P. (1998) Neue Eumasia - Arten aus Mittelspanien und den Malediven und einige Erganzungen zur Kenntnis der Gattung Eumasia (Psychidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 21 (4), 264 - 282." type="journal article" year="1998">Hättenschwiler 1998</bibRefCitation>
) but in
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FCEEDFDBFC6DF868" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[793,920,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FCEEDFDBFC6DF868" box="[793,920,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FC68DFDAFC0CF868" bold="true" box="[927,1017,1940,1966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481972E105FC68DFDAFC0CF868" box="[927,1017,1940,1966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
there are seven. The flight time of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FA73DFDBFEFCF814" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenatella">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FA73DFDBFEFCF814" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. arenatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported as in March, April, and September. Flight was observed in
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FBCFDFF7FB4CF814" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[1080,1209,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FBCFDFF7FB4CF814" box="[1080,1209,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
during January and July.
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FF25DF93FECFF830" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[210,314,2013,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FF25DF93FECFF830" box="[210,314,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. exoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, known from the
<typeStatus id="FC3A74831972E105FDF4DF92FD90F830" box="[515,613,2012,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21972E105FC8FDF93FC0EF830" box="[888,1019,2012,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomassi">
<emphasis id="11F516331972E105FC8FDF93FC0EF830" box="[888,1019,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="243">E. thomassi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The wingspan is slightly larger than that of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FF1ED8D9FE9CFF77" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[233,361,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FF1ED8D9FE9CFF77" box="[233,361,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FE85D8D9FE39FF77" bold="true" box="[370,460,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481975E102FE85D8D9FE39FF77" box="[370,460,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="E47967C41975E102FE2AD8D9FDD5FF77" box="[477,544,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
vs. 8.0–
<quantity id="E47967C41975E102FD74D8D9FD21FF77" box="[643,724,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="8.8">8.8mm</quantity>
).
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FD1FD8D9FCA5FF76" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[744,848,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FD1FD8D9FCA5FF76" box="[744,848,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. exoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flies later (September). The species is clearly paler. Head and thorax are ochreous-whitish (
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FDA3D8F5FD26FF13" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[596,723,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FDA3D8F5FD26FF13" box="[596,723,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FD2BD8F5FCC3FF13" bold="true" box="[732,822,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481975E102FD2BD8F5FCC3FF13" box="[732,822,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: head golden-brown, thorax brown). The forewings of
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FF60D891FF0BFF3E" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,254,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FF60D891FF0BFF3E" box="[151,254,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. exoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are clearly paler and the markings stand out prominently: “
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FC6ED891FC25FE86" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">markings dark fuscous; five roundish spots on costa, two in the disc at middle and ¾ (representing stigmata), and several small elongate marks on posterior part of dorsum and termen. Cilia whitish, basal half barred dark fuscous irroration</emphasis>
.” (
<bibRefCitation id="4710B7D01975E102FC06D969FB67FE87" author="Meyrick, E." box="[1009,1170,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref5111" refString="Meyrick, E. (1919) s. n. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2 (9), 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1919">Meyrick 1919</bibRefCitation>
). From the middle of the posterior edge, a line sharply defined on the inside runs parallel to the outer edge towards the apex. The bright field between dc and apex of the forewings is striking (in
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FD27D921FCB8FE4F" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[720,845,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FD27D921FCB8FE4F" box="[720,845,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FCA4D921FC5FFE4F" bold="true" box="[851,938,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481975E102FCA4D921FC5FFE4F" box="[851,938,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
with dark brown scales, hardly lightened).At 1/3 of the forewing,
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FE8ED9DDFE02FE6B" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[377,503,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FE8ED9DDFE02FE6B" box="[377,503,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FE09D9DDFDA2FE6B" bold="true" box="[510,599,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481975E102FE09D9DDFDA2FE6B" box="[510,599,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
a slanting, dark band of scales from anterior to posterior edge. In
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FAC7D9DDFA63FE6A" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1919" box="[1328,1430,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoria">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FAC7D9DDFA63FE6A" box="[1328,1430,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. exoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basal half of the wing is clearly brighter and almost without markings. An overview of the Asian species (
<tableCitation id="6E03FF9A1975E102FAB7D9F9FA66FE17" box="[1344,1427,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="12.[152,244,548,572]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 3. Overview of species in the genus Eumasia in Asia (M: male, F: female)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/77FE9AA91975E102FF6FDA6AFBE4FDFA" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" tableUuid="77FE9AA91975E102FF6FDA6AFBE4FDFA">Table 3</tableCitation>
) summarizes the differences of these species from
<taxonomicName id="E481B1A21975E102FD4AD995FCCEFE33" authority="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose, 2022" authorityName="Unnikrishnan &amp; Sobczyk &amp; Jose &amp; Jose" authorityYear="2022" box="[701,827,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Eumasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FD4AD995FCCEFE33" box="[701,827,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">E. thomasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="11F516331975E102FCB5D995FC6EFE33" bold="true" box="[834,923,475,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AC6AB481975E102FCB5D995FC6EFE33" box="[834,923,475,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
based on available information.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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