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<document id="5191FFDF8CD8C2E751C42738BBD2D99A" ID-CLB-Dataset="263342" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67e7a105-1f62-414a-83d9-f758039eb726" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958937" ID-ZooBank="F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1684793492880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang &amp; Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2023" docId="038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5286.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5286 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata Shi &amp; Liang 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="FFBE0E5B6246FFE32D78B27BFFE75D5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="82" updateTime="1699506634024" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9EB83566B755C0B2CD51641D9A3F781C">Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="87749E48BACF52B883C0339CC63C5ED4">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0361D3D4826880226C2A0ABD311FFCC6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9989-5830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F74C44AAAD17C17CA44A3DC4E336F004" type="email">shihl@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1A452899FE31735073AAAC48A8E56649">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA899AE6B478E56CAF21C97D0499BA19" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9989-5830</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="20E013BE370D9D027913DEA7CFBEB6E4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6C129BC8A42394AA5E4AC3EB4CD61BE5">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="271CC82634B20B6EF1E6D55DCAB8E88E">2023-05-18</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4A8E1FF73687A55D21658DC2BC0709F6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="04CA0D458E33EB1658F3756FEF774132" type="CLB-Dataset">263342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C226073EF5D1747C6AB276A175FD4B4C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963763" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209628978" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7963763" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DEFB3CDFD235C8B" box="[151,708,438,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DEFB3CDFD235C8B" blockId="81.[151,1102,438,501]" box="[151,708,438,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DEFB3CDFD235C8B" bold="true" box="[151,708,438,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
[23]
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22DB7B3CCFDB95C8B" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[207,606,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DB7B3CCFEC05C8B" bold="true" box="[207,295,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22C40B3CDFE3A5C8B" bold="true" box="[312,477,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22C96B3CCFDB95C8B" bold="true" box="[494,606,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6217FFB22F1EB3CCFD235C8B" box="[614,708,439,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DEFB3A0FBA95CAF" box="[151,1102,475,501]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DEFB3A0FBA95CAF" blockId="81.[151,1102,438,501]" box="[151,1102,475,501]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
Habitus:
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22D85B3A0FE445CAF" box="[253,419,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-424@79.[192,1396,1029,1668]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n. and Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n. A Holotype of Parena gonggaica sp. n. B Holotype of Parena triguttata sp. n. C Paratype of Parena triguttata sp. n. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Figs 47B, 47C</figureCitation>
. Male genitalia:
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22F25B3A0FD575CAF" box="[605,688,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1934,1958]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,1116,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-376@81.[151,1436,1101,1911]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURE 49. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959037/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
. Gonocoxites of ovipositor:
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22E96B3A0FBAD5CAF" box="[1006,1098,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[155,1432,181,1971]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963954/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 11J</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DEFB058FAA85E4F" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DEFB058FB765F67" blockId="81.[151,1436,546,1077]" box="[151,1169,546,573]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686217FFB22DEFB058FB6A5F67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871363" box="[151,1165,546,573]" county="Kangding County" elevation="1650" latitude="30.127" location="Yangchang valley" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="102.161" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DEFB058FED15F66" bold="true" box="[151,310,546,573]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<typeStatus id="549579976217FFB22DEFB058FF355F67" box="[151,210,547,573]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76217FFB22C44B058FE7E5F67" box="[316,409,547,573]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F0BFB96217FFB22CDDB058FD895F67" box="[421,622,547,573]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Kangding County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EF191EE6217FFB22F00B058FCA75F67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800:8EF191EE6217FFB22F00B058FCA75F67" box="[632,832,547,573]" county="Kangding County" latitude="30.127" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="102.161" name="Yangchang valley" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Sichuan">Yangchang valley</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26217FFB22E34B058FC575F67" box="[844,944,547,573]" degrees="30.127" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" precision="55" value="30.127">N30.127</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26217FFB22EC3B058FBCD5F67" box="[955,1066,547,573]" degrees="102.161" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" precision="55" value="102.161">E102.161</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD66AD06217FFB2294DB059FB6A5F67" box="[1077,1165,546,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="m" value="1650.0">
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</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DBFB03CFAA85E4F" blockId="81.[151,1436,546,1077]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DBFB03CFE955F3A" bold="true" box="[199,370,582,609]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686217FFB22CFCB03CFEA75F97" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871489" county="Kangding county" location="Yangchang valley" municipality="Guza town" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22CFCB03CFE165F3B" bold="true" box="[388,497,583,609]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<typeStatus id="549579976217FFB22CFCB03CFE165F3B" box="[388,497,583,609]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(IZAS,
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22F2DB03CFD275F3B" box="[597,704,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-424@79.[192,1396,1029,1668]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n. and Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n. A Holotype of Parena gonggaica sp. n. B Holotype of Parena triguttata sp. n. C Paratype of Parena triguttata sp. n. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 47B</figureCitation>
): male, body length=
<quantity id="4CD66AD06217FFB22EBAB03CFBF95F3B" box="[962,1054,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
, board mounted, &quot;
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76217FFB2298CB03CFA7F5F3B" box="[1268,1432,583,609]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Sichuan prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F0BFB96217FFB22DEFB010FEBE5FDF" box="[151,345,619,645]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Kangding county</collectingCounty>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF55D4F6217FFB22C08B010FE095FDF" box="[368,494,619,645]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Guza town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF191EE6217FFB22C81B010FD225FDF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800:8EF191EE6217FFB22C81B010FD225FDF" box="[505,709,619,645]" county="Kangding county" municipality="Guza town" name="Yangchang valley" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Sichuan">Yangchang valley</location>
&quot; [in Chinese], &quot;23.VII.05 / Wen Liang&quot; [in Chinese], &quot;Tsuga&quot;[in Chinese], &quot;IOZ(E)1891837&quot;, &quot;HOLOTYPE /
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22FEBB0F4FC775FF3" box="[659,912,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bothynoptera">Parena (Bothynoptera)</taxonomicName>
/ emarginata
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6217FFB2295EB0F4FB9B5FF3" box="[1062,1148,655,681]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ des. Shi H.L. 2022&quot; [red label] &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22D96B0C8FEA75F97" box="[238,320,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1934,1958]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,1116,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-376@81.[151,1436,1101,1911]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURE 49. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959037/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
&gt;.
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686217FFB22C23B0C8FADC5E4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871440" collectingDate="2012-06-17" country="China" elevation="1800" latitude="29.03432" location="Heizhugou" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.98993" municipality="Ebian" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22C23B0C8FE2F5F97" bold="true" box="[347,456,691,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<typeStatus id="549579976217FFB22C23B0C8FE2F5F97" box="[347,456,691,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(IZAS):
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6217FFB22F57B0C8FD745F97" box="[559,659,691,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, &quot;
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56217FFB22FDDB0C8FCE35F97" box="[677,772,691,717]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">CHINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76217FFB22E68B0C8FC8A5F97" box="[784,877,691,717]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF55D4F6217FFB22E00B0C8FC5E5F97" box="[888,953,691,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Ebian</collectingMunicipality>
/ county,
<location id="8EF191EE6217FFB22950B0C8FB445F97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236217FFB12DEFB3CDFC775800:8EF191EE6217FFB22950B0C8FB445F97" box="[1064,1187,691,717]" country="China" latitude="29.03432" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.98993" municipality="Ebian" name="Heizhugou" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Sichuan">Heizhugou</location>
forestry / park, mixed forest /
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26217FFB22C00B0ACFDE05FAB" box="[376,519,727,753]" degrees="102.98993" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" precision="1" value="102.98993">E102.98993</geoCoordinate>
&quot;, &quot;
<quantity id="4CD66AD06217FFB22F5CB0ACFD675FAB" box="[548,640,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="m" value="1800.0">
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,
<date id="FF90E1F56217FFB22FF6B0ACFCF75FAB" box="[654,784,727,753]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" value="2012-06-17">
<collectingDate id="EFD4181D6217FFB22FF6B0ACFCF75FAB" box="[654,784,727,753]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" value="2012-06-17">2012.VI.17</collectingDate>
</date>
, / on vegetation. / HUANG Hao lgt&quot;, &quot;IOZ(E)1700239&quot;, &quot;PARATYPE /
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22C3BB080FDA65E4F" box="[323,577,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bothynoptera">Parena (Bothynoptera)</taxonomicName>
/ triguttata
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6217FFB22FBCB080FCFD5E4F" box="[708,794,763,789]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ des. Shi H.L. 2022&quot; [red label] &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB229E6B080FB195E4F" box="[1182,1278,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[155,1432,181,1971]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963954/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Figs 11J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22871B080FADC5E4F" box="[1289,1339,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-424@79.[192,1396,1029,1668]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n. and Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n. A Holotype of Parena gonggaica sp. n. B Holotype of Parena triguttata sp. n. C Paratype of Parena triguttata sp. n. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">47C</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
&gt;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DBFB165FF17596F" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DBFB165FAB85EFF" blockId="81.[151,1436,546,1077]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DBFB165FE2C5E63" bold="true" box="[199,459,798,825]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
. Dorsum reddish yellow, elytra with three black patches: a pair of basal spots close to elytra base, covering first discal pore; subapical spots completely continuous at elytral suture, forming single large median patch with anterior margin projected to elytral basal third, interval 1 black inside median patch; labrum with apex straight; median lobe of aedeagus not narrowed at apex, apical lamella short, LW much greater than LL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DBFB1D5FF17596F" blockId="81.[151,1436,546,1077]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DBFB1D5FE815E92" bold="true" box="[199,358,942,968]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Comparisons</emphasis>
. The new species is distinguished within subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22ED5B1D4FBA25E93" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[941,1093,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22ED5B1D4FBA25E93" box="[941,1093,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its unique elytra pattern. It is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22C18B1A8FE145EB6" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[352,499,979,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22C18B1A8FE145EB6" box="[352,499,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22C84B1A8FDDA5EB7" bold="true" box="[508,573,979,1005]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6217FFB22C84B1A8FDDA5EB7" box="[508,573,979,1005]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Externally, they are only slightly different in the elytra pattern and occur in the same general geographical area. However, their very different male genitalia support their status are distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5197BD6217FFB22DEFB5F5FD2E5A90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959037/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" startId="81.[151,250,1934,1958]" targetBox="[161,1428,1116,1904]" targetPageId="81" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DEFB5F5FD2E5A90" blockId="81.[151,1437,1934,1995]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DEFB5F5FEFE5AFD" bold="true" box="[151,281,1934,1959]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 49</emphasis>
. Median lobe of male genitalia for
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22F06B5F4FC295AFC" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[638,974,1935,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22F06B5F4FD2F5AFC" box="[638,712,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22FAEB5F4FC875AFD" box="[726,864,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22E16B5F4FC295AFC" box="[878,974,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22EACB5F4FBEA5AFD" bold="true" box="[980,1037,1935,1959]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6217FFB22EACB5F4FBEA5AFD" box="[980,1037,1935,1959]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6214FFB12DBFB2EDFC385993" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356214FFB12DBFB2EDFA7A5DEB" blockId="82.[151,1437,150,1370]" box="[199,1437,150,177]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12DBFB2EDFEB65DEA" bold="true" box="[199,337,150,176]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Description</emphasis>
. Body length 6.4–7.0 mm; body relatively narrow for the genus; dorsum without microsculpture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356214FFB12DEFB2C0FC385993" blockId="82.[151,1437,150,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12DEFB2C0FF075D8F" bold="true" box="[151,224,187,213]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Color.</emphasis>
Dorsum mostly vivid reddish yellow, head and pronotum slightly darker than elytra; mouthparts and antennae yellow, apices of mandibles dark. Pronotum with disc slightly darker than sides. Elytra with three black patches: a pair of elongate spots slightly distant from elytra base, length between level of scutellar apex and elytra basal third, width from intervals 4 to 6, its inner margin covering first setigerous pore on interval 3; subapical spots continuous at elytral suture, forming single large median patch near apical third of elytra, extended to interval 6 at its widest point, anterior margin extended to elytral basal third, interval 1 black inside subapical patch. Scutellum, epipleura, legs, and venter reddish yellow.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12F70B3EFFDAF5CF4" bold="true" box="[520,584,404,430]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Head</emphasis>
with very sparse punctures and short wrinkles on vertex and occiput; eyes large and strongly prominent; tempora short, abruptly narrowed behind eyes, length of tempora plus neck-constriction approximately one-third of diameter of eye; postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae, as long as supraorbital setae. Antennae extended beyond elytral base by length of only one antennomere. Labrum nearly quadrate, apex straight; mandibles short and wide; mentum with a pair of long median setae, lateral lobes short and wide, inner margins strongly oblique, outer margins completely rounded, epilobes wide.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12E8BB032FB8B5F39" bold="true" box="[1011,1132,585,611]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Pronotum</emphasis>
nearly rectangular, PW/PL = 1.32–1.35, about same width as head, PW/HW = 1.00–1.04, widest at anterior third, lateral explanations slightly wide; lateral margins fully rounded at anterior half and then narrowed to base with distinct sinuation before posterior angles; posterior angles weakly pointed outwards, forming rectangular angles with rounded apex; anterior margin nearly straight at middle; posterior margin oblique at sides and slightly sinuate at middle; disc convex, with very fine transverse wrinkles.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12CC2B086FDE15E4D" bold="true" box="[442,518,765,791]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Elytra</emphasis>
weakly convex, slightly dilated to apex. Striae shallowly incised, with rows of fine punctures, almost reaching elytral apices; intervals slightly convex, with sparse fine punctures. Disc without depression, lateral sides slightly depressed near anterior third. Elytral basal pore present on base of stria 1; interval 3 with three discal setigerous pores: first one on a level much behind scutellar apex, adjacent to stria 3; second one slightly before middle, adjacent to stria 3; third one on apical eighth, adjacent to stria 2; interval 9 with 22–23 umbilicular pores. Apical truncation indistinct, evenly rounded, sutural angles indistinct.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB1291BB1C9FB545E96" bold="true" box="[1123,1203,946,972]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Venter</emphasis>
. In both sexes, apex of abdominal sternite VII straight, with two setae on each side. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on apical third of mesotarsomere 2 and apical two-thirds of mesotarsomere 3.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12E2BB180FC1A594E" bold="true" box="[851,1021,1018,1045]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Median lobe of aedeagus very stout, length / median width = 3.6; in lateral view, ventral margin weakly expanded near middle, apical lamella not bent to dorsum; in dorsal view, apical portion slightly narrowed and strongly bent to right, apical lamella wide, LL much smaller than LW, apex widely rounded. Endophallus with squamate sac well divided.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12931B61CFAEA59DB" bold="true" box="[1097,1293,1127,1153]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly quadrate, length slightly less than basal width, apex slightly concave, with six or seven ensiform setae, two or three near each angle, one near middle of apical margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6214FFB12DBFB6A8FEC35848" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356214FFB12DBFB6A8FEC35848" blockId="82.[151,1437,150,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12DBFB6A8FEBE59B7" bold="true" box="[199,345,1235,1261]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06214FFB12C11B6AFFE5159B4" box="[361,438,1236,1262]" captionStart="MAP 8" captionStartId="65.[152,211,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,802,1680]" captionTargetId="figure-242@65.[180,1408,802,1680]" captionText="MAP 8. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) tripunctata group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963675/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Map 8</figureCitation>
, orange).
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56214FFB12F51B6A8FD8B59B7" box="[553,620,1235,1261]" name="China" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76214FFB12F05B6A8FD3959B7" box="[637,734,1235,1261]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
). Only known from
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6214FFB12EBDB6AFFB8B59B7" box="[965,1132,1235,1262]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
from Kangding and Ebian respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6214FFB12DBFB767FC775800" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356214FFB12DBFB767FC775800" blockId="82.[151,1437,150,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12DBFB767FEAF586C" bold="true" box="[199,328,1308,1334]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Etymology</emphasis>
. The scientific name of the new species is composed of two Latin roots, &quot;
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB129ECB766FB5F586C" box="[1172,1208,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">tri-</emphasis>
&quot; meaning three and &quot;
<emphasis id="B95A1B276214FFB12DDBB73AFF3F5800" box="[163,216,1345,1370]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">gutt-</emphasis>
&quot; meaning spots, referring to the three black patches on elytra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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