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<document id="3AB99C62EA07CD61AAAE5D9C5F80E458" ID-CLB-Dataset="27356" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="665a714c-6c8e-4d42-a544-282471582c07" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2632241" ID-ZooBank="E935D0FF-BECD-4981-BAED-CAE1053B041B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554704520014" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marques, Dayse W. A., Skevington, Jeffrey H. &amp; Rafael, José A." docDate="2019" docId="03B987A5527AFFEDFF2D38BDFE18FE50" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4577.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4577 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amazunculus francyae Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="460" masterDocId="FF80FFDD526BFFF8FFBA3E61FFD2FF80" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="472" masterPageNumber="439" pageNumber="456" updateTime="1698719050237" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="8280E8998CF06C7E635EA72CC42F1642" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E04C2EAC59B552F5757A1FB9FBCA47B1">Revision of the genus Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with description of six new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E7432277C29A2DE7D4003E4602AE4FAE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C0EFD2E4D8827F8E77F40E1D6522B8DA">
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<mods:namePart id="9B9A31366D7912AE945D72D0F5D1C4A7">Marques, Dayse W. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="36412E268BC1C58C1DAE06B21D5F1B93" type="personal">
<mods:role id="90CA65BE39FC658B1EF36FBF6CED77E3">
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<mods:namePart id="74964BD731E391473A2787C7F7864A1B">Skevington, Jeffrey H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="3DE9B11620BE2682BA65EC4C32750B3D">
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<mods:namePart id="FFB87D2BCC323E7EBF08AA00868ABF02">Rafael, José A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2C4816986E79506CDC5BE7607E6BE7B8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="D11FCF9FA0634EBCB583C5C31BFF5F16" type="host">
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<mods:title id="4983548293786825BBC29AABE24DBD08">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="01650A4F982844ECAE32B089883EE22F">
<mods:date id="759B50EF2D33CAB196BB0A30694BFCFC">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5D5B035243B15581E599408BDFD14AF8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6A722882DF97F697B2344F8088A76220">2019-04-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DB5B5CA41DA8A3FCDEBF86EC12AF65EC">4577</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="71E89C8EE6CDB99EEF8E9AD9D3236F2D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EF78FD0CA53B331797A58D30F3434575" type="CLB-Dataset">27356</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7C068BA05A0CBB4A5E79CDBEC39A258C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4E685843E27A31946A9E565DFA66B496" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B987A5527AFFEDFF2D38BDFE18FE50" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5932639" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156146793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5932639" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5527AFFEDFF2D38BDFE18FE50" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B987A5527AFFEDFF2D38BDFE18FE50" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527AFFE9FF2D38BDFC76F977" box="[151,932,1756,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527AFFE9FF2D38BDFC76F977" blockId="17.[151,1126,1756,1852]" box="[151,932,1756,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
<heading id="D0E781DF527AFFE9FF2D38BDFC76F977" bold="true" box="[151,932,1756,1783]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527AFFE9FF2D38BDFC76F977" bold="true" box="[151,932,1756,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30527AFFE9FF2D38BDFCEBF977" authority="Marques, Skevington &amp; Rafael" authorityName="Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,825,1756,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francyae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527AFFE9FF2D38BDFE7CF976" bold="true" box="[151,430,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">Amazunculus francyae</emphasis>
Marques, Skevington &amp; Rafael
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25757DA527AFFE9FCFD38BCFC76F977" box="[839,932,1757,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527AFFE9FF2D389EFBB4F8BC" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527AFFE9FF2D389EFEE2F898" blockId="17.[151,1126,1756,1852]" box="[151,304,1791,1816]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
<figureCitation id="132B2A36527AFFE9FF2D389EFEE2F898" box="[151,304,1791,1816]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 108–112" captionStart-1="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId-0="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox-0="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId-0="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId-1="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId-0="19" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionText-0="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." captionText-1="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">Figs 108–123</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527AFFE9FF2D3942FBB4F8BC" blockId="17.[151,1126,1756,1852]" box="[151,1126,1827,1852]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/
<uuid id="FFB60C66527AFFE9FDEF3942FBB4F8BC" box="[597,1126,1827,1852]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">AC4EBCFA-95D7-4813-8028-F8CA3723E909</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527AFFE9FF2D390AFC79F870" pageId="17" pageNumber="456" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527AFFE9FF2D390AFC79F870" blockId="17.[151,1437,1899,2032]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527AFFE9FF2D390AFEC3F804" bold="true" box="[151,273,1899,1924]" pageId="17" pageNumber="456">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Antenna brown. Wing base darkened. Syntergosternite 8 with a very small circular membranous area. Epandrium inflated. Surstyli symmetrical, with truncated apex, fused with epandrium. Phallic guide long, with parallel sides over most of its length and tapered at apex in ventral view. Basal processes of phallus long, surpassing the hypandrium width. Phallus with two apical projections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6F663B5279FFEAFF2D380FFEA7F97F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632269/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" startId="18.[151,264,1646,1669]" targetBox="[160,1421,199,1620]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B35279FFEAFF2D380FFEA7F97F" blockId="18.[151,1436,1646,1791]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFF2D380FFEB3F904" bold="true" box="[151,353,1646,1669]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">FIGURES 98–107.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C104D305279FFEAFED2380EFCD1F905" authority="Galinkin &amp; Rafael." authorityName="Galinkin &amp; Rafael." box="[360,771,1647,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duckei">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFED2380EFDEAF905" box="[360,568,1647,1669]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Amazunculus duckei</emphasis>
Galinkin &amp; Rafael.
</taxonomicName>
Holotype male.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFC14380EFC15F904" bold="true" box="[942,967,1647,1668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">98</emphasis>
, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFF2D38ECFF62F922" bold="true" box="[151,176,1677,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">99</emphasis>
, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFD9D38ECFD9FF922" bold="true" box="[551,589,1677,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">100</emphasis>
, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFC6638ECFBD0F922" bold="true" box="[988,1026,1677,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">101</emphasis>
, Left surstylus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFA8A38ECFA84F922" bold="true" box="[1328,1366,1677,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">102</emphasis>
, Right surstylus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFE3238CDFE7CF941" bold="true" box="[392,430,1708,1729]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">103</emphasis>
, Epandrium, surstyli and subepandrial sclerite, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFB9C38CDFB9EF941" bold="true" box="[1062,1100,1708,1729]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">104</emphasis>
, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFE3838AAFE7AF960" bold="true" box="[386,424,1739,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">105</emphasis>
, Phallic guide, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFD6038AAFCD2F960" bold="true" box="[730,768,1739,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">106</emphasis>
, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFACA38AAFA44F960" bold="true" box="[1392,1430,1739,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">107</emphasis>
, Ejaculatory apodeme.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30A65385279FFEBFF7D394DFE70FD70" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B35279FFEBFF7D394DFF1AFD4C" blockId="18.[151,1437,1836,2005]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFF7D394DFE65F8C5" bold="true" box="[199,439,1836,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Description of male.</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="4CE89B565279FFEAFDF7394CFD74F8C4" box="[589,678,1837,1861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFD0A394DFD22F8C5" bold="true" box="[688,752,1836,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132B2A365279FFEAFD45394DFCB3F8C5" box="[767,865,1836,1861]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
). Eyes contiguous for a distance of eighteen facets. F, EM, V =
<quantity id="4CE89B565279FFEAFE9D3931FE53F8E8" box="[295,385,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="4CE89B565279FFEAFE353931FE38F8E8" box="[399,490,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="4CE89B565279FFEAFE423931FD86F8E8" box="[504,596,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="457" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
. Frontal triangle black, brown pruinose; face grey pruinose. Postcranium dark, brown pruinose dorsally and grey pruinose laterally and ventrally. Antennae (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365279FFEAFBD63915FB1DF80D" box="[1132,1231,1908,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
) with scape dark brown; pedicel dark brown, with six dorsal and four ventral bristles; postpedicel brown with apex rounded below. LPP/WPP = 1.6. Labellum brown.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15279FFEAFDA739DDFDAFF855" bold="true" box="[541,637,1980,2005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="457">Thorax.</emphasis>
Postpronotal lobe brown, brown pruinose. Scutum and scutellum black with brown pruinescence. Notopleuron concolorous with scutum, brown pruinose. Mesopleuron black, mostly brown pruinose, except the anepisternum with grey pruinescence anteriorly; katatergite with grey pruinescence anteriorly and anatergite with brown pruinescence. Mediotergite black with brown pruinescence.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFB673EBEFACCFF78" bold="true" box="[1245,1310,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFA943EBEFA42FF78" box="[1326,1424,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
). Length
<quantity id="4CE89B565278FFEBFF563F65FE97FE9C" box="[236,325,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="458" unit="mm" value="8.6">8.6 mm</quantity>
. LW/MWW = 3.6. LTC/LFC = 1.4. Membrane mostly hyaline except by darkened base. Halter with stem light brown and knob dark brown.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFDE33F46FD43FEC0" bold="true" box="[601,657,295,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFD1B3F46FCD1FEC0" box="[673,771,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
). All legs dark brown to black, with articulations and bases of the tibiae somewhat yellowish brown; femora with grey-brown pruinescence on the posterior face below (mainly brown). Pulvilli yellow.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFDBC3F0EFDA8FE08" bold="true" box="[518,634,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFD303F0EFD39FE08" box="[650,747,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 111</figureCitation>
). Slightly wider than long. Black, all tergites with interrupted bands of brown pruinescence posteriorly. Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6 and 7 as in
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFBE13FF5FB6CFE2C" box="[1115,1214,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 113</figureCitation>
. Syntergosternite 8 mostly brown pruinose, about half-length of tergite 5 (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFCBF3FD6FCB6FE50" box="[773,868,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 111</figureCitation>
) and with a very small circular membranous area (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFF253FBDFEECFE75" box="[159,318,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Figs 114–115</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFEE93FBDFE04FE75" bold="true" box="[339,470,476,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Terminalia</emphasis>
. Epandrium yellowish brown, inflated (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFC1B3FBDFBD6FE75" box="[929,1028,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
). Surstyli (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFB383FBDFACCFE75" box="[1154,1310,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Figs 115–116</figureCitation>
) yellowish brown, symmetrical, with truncate apex, fused with epandrium, elongated ventrally, widened ventrally and surpassing lateral margin of epandrium in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFCBF3C45FC70FDBC" box="[773,930,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Figs 117–118</figureCitation>
). Phallic guide (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFBED3C45FB20FDBC" box="[1111,1266,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Figs 119–121</figureCitation>
) very long and curved, slightly surpassing surstyli, about 1.8× the hypandrium length; with parallel sides over most of its length and tapered at apex in ventral view. Basal processes of phallus long and rounded, surpassing the hypandrium width (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFF253CEEFED3FD28" box="[159,257,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
). Phallus with two sclerotized and rounded apical projections (
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFC7D3CEEFBFBFD28" box="[967,1065,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory apodeme as in
<figureCitation id="132B2A365278FFEBFACA3CEEFF16FD4C" captionStart="FIGURES 113–123" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[229,1366,193,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Fig. 123</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF36B35278FFEBFF7D3CB6FE70FD70" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,752]" box="[199,418,727,752]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFF7D3CB6FEF7FD70" bold="true" box="[199,293,727,752]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6F663B5278FFEBFF2D39D3FD40F867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="458" startId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" targetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B35278FFEBFF2D39D3FD40F867" blockId="19.[151,1436,1970,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFF2D39D3FEB8F847" bold="true" box="[151,362,1970,1993]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">FIGURES 108–112.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C104D305278FFEBFEC839D3FD8BF848" authority="Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael, 2019" authorityName="Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael" authorityYear="2019" box="[370,601,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francyae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFEC839D3FD8BF848" box="[370,601,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">Amazunculus francyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25757DA5278FFEBFDE539D2FD62F848" box="[607,688,1971,1992]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFDE539D2FD78F848" bold="true" box="[607,682,1971,1992]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype male.
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFCE039D3FC52F847" bold="true" box="[858,896,1970,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">108</emphasis>
, Habitus, left lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFB2F39D3FB69F847" bold="true" box="[1173,1211,1970,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">109</emphasis>
, Antenna;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFA9639D3FA9DF847" bold="true" box="[1324,1359,1970,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">110</emphasis>
, Wing;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFF2D39B0FF6BF866" bold="true" box="[151,185,2001,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">111</emphasis>
, Abdomen, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA15278FFEBFE0039B0FE0FF866" bold="true" box="[442,477,2001,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="458">112</emphasis>
, Holotype labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6F663B527FFFECFF2D393DFD67F86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632273/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="459" startId="20.[151,264,1884,1907]" targetBox="[229,1364,210,1869]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527FFFECFF2D393DFD67F86E" blockId="20.[151,1436,1884,2030]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFF2D393DFEBCF8F2" bold="true" box="[151,366,1884,1907]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">FIGURES 113–123.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30527FFFECFECF393CFD8CF8F3" authority="Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael, 2019" authorityName="Marques &amp; Skevington &amp; Rafael" authorityYear="2019" box="[373,606,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francyae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFECF393CFD8CF8F3" box="[373,606,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">Amazunculus francyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25757DA527FFFECFDDF393FFD65F8F3" box="[613,695,1886,1907]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFDDF393FFD63F8F3" bold="true" box="[613,689,1886,1907]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype male.
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFCDC393CFC5BF8F2" bold="true" box="[870,905,1885,1906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">113</emphasis>
, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFACB393CFA46F8F2" bold="true" box="[1393,1428,1885,1906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">114</emphasis>
, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFDB8391DFDF7F811" bold="true" box="[514,549,1916,1937]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">115</emphasis>
, Terminalia, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFC8D391DFC89F811" bold="true" box="[823,859,1916,1937]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">116</emphasis>
, Surstyli, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFBF4391DFBA3F811" bold="true" box="[1102,1137,1916,1937]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">117</emphasis>
, Left surstylus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFF2D39FAFF68F830" bold="true" box="[151,186,1947,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">118</emphasis>
, Right surstylus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFDB039FAFDFFF830" bold="true" box="[522,557,1947,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">119</emphasis>
, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined);
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFEBA39D8FEF4F84E" bold="true" box="[256,294,1977,1998]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">120</emphasis>
, Phallic guide, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFDF339D8FDBDF84E" bold="true" box="[585,623,1977,1998]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">121</emphasis>
, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFF2D39B9FF6FF86D" bold="true" box="[151,189,2008,2029]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">122</emphasis>
, Phallus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527FFFECFE1F39B9FE19F86D" bold="true" box="[421,459,2008,2029]" pageId="20" pageNumber="459">123</emphasis>
, Ejaculatory apodeme.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527EFFEDFF7D3EF6FA4CFE9D" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527EFFEDFF7D3EF6FB55FF78" blockId="21.[151,1438,151,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFF7D3EF6FEA5FF30" bold="true" box="[199,375,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B783CEE527EFFEDFE3A3EF9FB55FF78" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2235579172" collectingDate="30 Apr- 8, May 2002" collectionCode="ADOR, DEBU" collectorName="S. M. Paiero &amp; J. Skevington Specimen" elevation="450" latitude="-1.0666667" location="Napo" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-77.61667" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AB8811527EFFEDFE3A3EF9FDC6FF30" box="[384,532,152,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A527EFFEDFDA73EF9FDE7FF2F" box="[541,565,152,175]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
: “ECU[
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76527EFFEDFD2B3EF9FD35FF30" box="[657,743,152,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">ADOR</collectionCode>
]:
<collectingRegion id="49D4F851527EFFEDFD413EF9FCE8FF2F" box="[763,826,152,175]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Napo</collectingRegion>
, Jatun Sacha Res.[erve], 6 Km E Misahuallí,
<elevation id="003DD180527EFFEDFAF13EF6FA4AFF2F" box="[1355,1432,151,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="450.0">
<quantity id="4CE89B56527EFFEDFAF13EF6FA4AFF2F" box="[1355,1432,151,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074527EFFEDFF2D3EDDFF06FF54" box="[151,212,188,212]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" precision="925" value="-1.0666667">1°4'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074527EFFEDFF5B3EDDFE91FF54" box="[225,323,188,212]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" precision="925" value="-77.61667">77°37'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate id="EFEAE99B527EFFEDFEF53EDDFDEBFF54" box="[335,569,188,213]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<date id="FFAE1073527EFFEDFEF53EDDFE6AFF54" box="[335,440,188,212]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" value="1930-04-08">30 Apr-8</date>
,
<date id="FFAE1073527EFFEDFE7E3EDCFDEBFF54" box="[452,569,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" value="2002-05">May 2002</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="26E55365527EFFEDFDFF3EDDFD1EFF55" box="[581,716,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">S.M. Paiero</collectorName>
, debu00178402” “
<collectorName id="26E55365527EFFEDFC253EDDFB7FFF55" box="[927,1197,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">J. Skevington Specimen</collectorName>
#50730” “DW0143” “
<typeStatus id="54AB8811527EFFEDFF1B3EBEFEDEFF78" box="[161,268,223,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A527EFFEDFEA93E81FEF8FF77" box="[275,298,224,247]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30527EFFEDFE8F3E81FC48FF78" authority="Marques, Skevington &amp; Rafael" authorityName="Marques, Skevington &amp; Rafael" box="[309,922,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francyae">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFE8F3E81FDE6FF78" box="[309,564,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Amazunculus francyae</emphasis>
Marques, Skevington &amp; Rafael
</taxonomicName>
” (
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76527EFFEDFC083E81FBD3FF78" box="[946,1025,224,248]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">DEBU</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="132B2A36527EFFEDFBA33EBEFBA8FF78" box="[1049,1146,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–112" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[168,1419,820,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 108–112. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 108, Habitus, left lateral view; 109, Antenna; 110, Wing; 111, Abdomen, dorsal view; 112, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632271/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Fig. 112</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527EFFEDFF7D3F65FA4CFE9D" blockId="21.[151,1438,151,464]" box="[199,1438,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFF7D3F65FE78FE9D" bold="true" box="[199,426,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<typeStatus id="54AB8811527EFFEDFF7D3F65FEE3FE9D" box="[199,305,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
condition.
</emphasis>
Right wing detached, mounted on microslide. Terminalia placed in a microvial with glycerin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527EFFEDFF7D3F46FAB4FE08" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527EFFEDFF7D3F46FDC3FEE5" blockId="21.[151,1438,151,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFF7D3F46FE9CFEC0" bold="true" box="[199,334,295,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Etymology.</emphasis>
The new species name is dedicated to the first author’s grandmother, whose nickname Francy is derived from her name Francisca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527EFFEDFF7D3F0EFAB4FE08" blockId="21.[151,1438,151,464]" box="[199,1382,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFF7D3F0EFDD6FE08" bold="true" box="[199,516,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
This species is known only from the
<typeStatus id="54AB8811527EFFEDFC123F11FC0AFE08" box="[936,984,368,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F851527EFFEDFBFA3F11FB52FE07" box="[1088,1152,368,391]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Napo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3077623527EFFEDFB303F0EFB35FE08" box="[1162,1255,367,392]" name="Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="132B2A36527EFFEDFB4D3F0EFA8BFE08" box="[1271,1369,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 183" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[254,1327,1022,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[254,1332,1021,1930]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 183. Distribution of Amazunculus species. 183, A. claripennis Rafael &amp; Rosa, A. duckei Galinkin &amp; Rafael, A. francyae sp. nov., A. manauara sp. nov., A. panamensis sp. nov., A. platypodus (Hardy) and A. psilalarius sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632293/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Fig. 183</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A6538527EFFEDFF7D3FF5FE18FE50" pageId="21" pageNumber="460" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3527EFFEDFF7D3FF5FE18FE50" blockId="21.[151,1438,151,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B964EAA1527EFFEDFF7D3FF5FEF1FE2D" bold="true" box="[199,291,404,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Habitat</emphasis>
. This species was collected in a tropical rainforest reserve located on the south shore of the
<collectingRegion id="49D4F851527EFFEDFA9E3FF4FAB3FE2C" box="[1316,1377,405,428]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="21" pageNumber="460">Napo</collectingRegion>
river in the Ecuadorian Amazon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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