257 lines
24 KiB
XML
257 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<document ID-DOI="10.3767/000651916X694445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7570023" approvalRequired="234" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="66" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="2" approvalRequired_for_matCits="2" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="13" approvalRequired_for_treatments="150" checkinTime="1674677931544" checkinUser="juliana" docAuthor="Kamer 1, H. Maas-van de, Maas 1, P. J. M., Wieringa 1, J. J. & Specht, C. D." docDate="2016" docId="387687E2BB22FFE8FFCDFB19FDEBFC9C" docLanguage="en" docName="Blumea.61.280–318.pdf" docOrigin="Blumea 61 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651916x694445" docTitle="Costus macranthus K. Schum." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="308" masterDocId="C44FFF9ABB3EFFF5FFBCFFF7FFD5FF9E" masterDocTitle="Monograph of African Costaceae" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="308" updateTime="1674678486854" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Monograph of African Costaceae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kamer 1, H. Maas-van de</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maas 1, P. J. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wieringa 1, J. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Specht, C. D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Blumea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-12-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>61</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>318</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651916x694445</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3767/000651916X694445</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7570023</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7570093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7570093" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:387687E2BB22FFE8FFCDFB19FDEBFC9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/387687E2BB22FFE8FFCDFB19FDEBFC9C" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
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<subSubSection box="[113,707,1262,1285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[113,707,1262,1285]" box="[113,707,1262,1285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[113,377,1262,1285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
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19.
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6B8WX" authority="K. Schum." authorityName="K. Schum." box="[153,489,1262,1285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,377,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Costus macranthus</emphasis>
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K.Schum.
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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—
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<figureCitation box="[526,617,1262,1285]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="26.[113,160,1993,2011]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,176,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-10@26.[787,1439,1009,1493]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Plate 4 a. Costus macranthus K.Schum. Habit, flower and details of stamen, stigma and style. – b. Costus nimba H.Maas & Maas. Basal inflorescence. – c. Costus spectabilis (Fenzl) K.Schum.Habit with flowers. – d. Costus lucanusianus J.Braun & K.Schum. Inflorescence with 4 flowers.– e. Costus talbottii Ridl. Flower. – f. Costus louisii H.Maas & Maas. Inflorescence (a: Wright 1905: t 7992; b: Jongkind 11301; c: photographed in Rumonge, SW Burundi, no specimen collected; d: Maas et al. 10000; e: Maas et al. 9800; f: Maas et al. 10339). — Photos: a, b, d–f: P.J.M.Maas; c: E. Fischer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7570069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7570069/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Plate 4a</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[627,707,1262,1285]" captionStart="Map 13" captionStartId="28.[824,863,1032,1050]" captionTargetBox="[823,1475,173,1013]" captionTargetId="figure-999@28.[733,1662,579,630]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Map 13 Distribution of Costus macranthus K.Schum. (▲) and C. spectabilis (Fenzl) K.Schum. (●)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7570075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7570075/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Map 13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[113,765,1307,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1899-11" collectionCode="B" country="Tanzania" location="Kivirithal" municipality="Kondeland" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rungwe District" typeStatus="holotype">
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<taxonomicName authority="K. Schum. (1901)" authorityName="K. Schum." authorityYear="1901" box="[113,427,1307,1325]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
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<emphasis box="[113,279,1307,1325]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Costus macranthus</emphasis>
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K.Schum.(1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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279, t. 7, 8; (1904) 421 —
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<typeStatus box="[649,694,1307,1325]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Goetze 1488</emphasis>
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(holo
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<collectionCode box="[228,241,1333,1351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">B</collectionCode>
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destroyed;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1899-11" collectionCode="E, BM, BR, EA" country="Tanzania" location="Kivirithal" municipality="Kondeland" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rungwe District" typeStatus="lectotype">
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lecto
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<collectionCode box="[394,410,1333,1351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">E</collectionCode>
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, designated here; isolecto
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<collectionCode box="[645,678,1333,1351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">BM</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[686,716,1333,1351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">BR</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[725,755,1333,1351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">EA</collectionCode>
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),
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<collectingCountry box="[129,212,1358,1376]" name="Tanzania" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" value="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, T7, ‘
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<collectingRegion box="[261,408,1358,1376]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Rungwe District</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[419,517,1358,1376]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Kondeland</collectingMunicipality>
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, im
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:387687E2BB22FFE8FFCDFB19FDEBFC9C:B500602FBB22FFE9FD91FAB9FDAEFAFE" box="[557,635,1358,1376]" country="Tanzania" municipality="Kondeland" name="Kivirithal" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Rungwe District">Kivirithal</location>
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, am
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:387687E2BB22FFE8FFCDFB19FDEBFC9C:B500602FBB22FFE9FD16FAB9FEE5FAE4" country="Tanzania" municipality="Kondeland" name="Kasimulo hugel im Buschwald" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Rungwe District">Kasimulo hügel im Buschwald</location>
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bei 600 m’,
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<date box="[411,503,1384,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" value="1899-11">
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<collectingDate box="[411,503,1384,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" value="1899-11">Nov. 1899</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[113,765,1426,2152]" lastBlockId="28.[824,1475,1149,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
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Terrestrial shootless rosulate herb
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<quantity box="[495,608,1426,1449]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 m</quantity>
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tall; rhizomes vertically directed, to c.
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<quantity box="[358,422,1455,1478]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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deep; horizontal runners to c.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
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long, 3–5(–7) mm diam, both rhizomes and runners covered with pale brown, membranous, imbricate sheaths
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<quantity box="[657,764,1514,1537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2 cm</quantity>
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long; roots with side roots to c.
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<quantity box="[443,508,1543,1566]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="13.0">13 cm</quantity>
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long.
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<emphasis box="[573,650,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Leaves</emphasis>
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(3–)4(–5) per shoot, spreading horizontally and forming a cruciform rosette flat on the ground; ligule rarely seen, c.
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<quantity box="[624,704,1602,1625]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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long; petiole absent; lamina pale to yellowish green above, greenish purple below, with hyaline, red-purple to pink margins <
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<quantity box="[704,764,1660,1683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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wide, distinctly thickened and fleshy, elliptic, broadly elliptic, obovate, or suborbicular, 7–20(–30) by 5–22(–25) cm, upper side glabrous to rather densely covered with soft erect hairs <
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<quantity box="[135,195,1778,1801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long, lower side glabrous to rather densely, rarely densely, covered with soft, erect hairs <
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<quantity box="[559,619,1807,1830]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long, margin densely ciliate, base acute, extreme base of leaf
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<quantity box="[644,764,1836,1859]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 mm</quantity>
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long, at an angle of 90° with the lamina, surrounding the inflo- rescence, apex obtuse and mucronate (mucro c.
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<quantity box="[637,697,1895,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long).
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<emphasis box="[113,257,1924,1947]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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terminal, formed in the centre of the rosette, few-flowered, basally enclosed by the more or less overlapping thickened extreme base of the leaves and by the uppermost 4–6 sheaths; sheaths 2–6.5 by
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<quantity box="[446,528,2012,2035]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 cm</quantity>
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, apex obtuse to round- ed, together forming a cup of
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<quantity box="[436,519,2041,2064]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
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diam around the inflo- rescence; upper part of uppermost sheaths rather densely covered with soft erect hairs <
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<quantity box="[433,493,2100,2123]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long with thickened base; upper part of bracts, bracteoles, calyx and ovary rather densely covered with soft erect hairs <
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<quantity box="[1157,1217,1149,1172]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long, capsule glabrous.
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<emphasis box="[824,908,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Flowers</emphasis>
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1 per bract; bracts whitish green, membranous, nar- rowly ovate-triangular, 1.7–4 by
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<quantity box="[1180,1311,1207,1230]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 cm</quantity>
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, callus absent; appendages absent; bracteole boat-shaped, c.
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<quantity box="[1337,1413,1237,1260]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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long, callus absent; calyx
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<quantity box="[1034,1148,1266,1289]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="35.0">35–75 mm</quantity>
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long, split on one side, lobes 2, broadly triangular,
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<quantity box="[1022,1114,1295,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
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long, callus absent; corolla (pale) yellow,
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<quantity box="[900,1026,1325,1348]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="110.0" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="90.0">90–130 mm</quantity>
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long, glabrous, tube
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<quantity box="[1241,1356,1325,1348]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="50.0">50–90 mm</quantity>
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long, lobes narrowly ovate-triangular,
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<quantity box="[1097,1213,1354,1377]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="40.0">40–80 mm</quantity>
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long; labellum bright yel- low to orange, horizontally flattened, basally funnel-shaped, obovate to suborbicular when spread out, 70–110 by
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="85.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="60.0">60–110 mm</quantity>
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, margin crenate; stamen yellow, 60–80 by
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<quantity box="[1300,1400,1442,1465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 mm</quantity>
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, anther (6–)7–12(–15) mm long.
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<emphasis box="[1094,1182,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Capsule</emphasis>
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|
subterranean, subglobose, c. 10 by
|
|||
|
|
<quantity box="[915,975,1501,1524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[988,1056,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Seeds</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
not seen.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="28.[824,1475,1149,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Distribution — East Africa (Tanzania, Uganda); Southern Tropical Africa (Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe).</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="28.[824,1475,1149,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
|
|||
|
|
Habitat & Ecology — In non-inundated forest, open grass land, often on steep, rocky soil, sometimes around ant hills, plants growing in colonies, locally common, at elevations of (250–)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity box="[892,1033,1677,1700]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="1100.0" valueMax="1700.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1700 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
. Flowering and fruiting: November and December and rarely from January to March.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection box="[854,1337,1735,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="28.[824,1475,1149,1758]" box="[854,1337,1735,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">IUCN Conservation Status — Least Concern.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="28.[824,1474,1780,2156]" lastBlockId="29.[113,765,174,770]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">
|
|||
|
|
Notes —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[954,1159,1780,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[954,1159,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">Costus macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
can be recognized by four horizontally spreading leaves forming a cruciform rosette flat on the ground and a central inflorescence producing large yellow flowers, in this aspect very much resembling
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1322,1467,1868,1892]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1322,1467,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">C. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Lock (1984) differentiates the two species based on the length of several flower parts. Of these, the length of the anther is the most reliable in herbarium material. In
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1213,1365,1956,1980]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1213,1365,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">C. macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
the anther is (6–)7–12(–15) mm long (we recorded a length of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity box="[1398,1474,1986,2009]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
for
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount box="[859,1007,2015,2038]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
studied) and in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1179,1322,2015,2038]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1179,1322,2015,2038]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">C. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
4–7(–12) mm long (we recorded
|
|||
|
|
<quantity box="[1025,1085,2045,2068]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
for a total of
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount box="[1229,1384,2045,2068]" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
). Among other distinguishing characters are the length of calyx, corolla tube, corolla lobes and labellum. These are all larger in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">C. macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
than in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1001,1144,2132,2156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="28" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1001,1144,2132,2156]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="308">C. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Many other possible distinctive characters still have to be studied in the field, e.g. difference in flower colour, time of floral and vegetative development (if flowers emerge before leaf emergence, at the same time as leaf development, or after leaf dehiscence) and morphology of the underground parts. Both
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[169,324,328,351]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[169,324,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="309">C. macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[377,520,328,351]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[377,520,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="309">C. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
occur in the region between E28–35° and S6–15° in Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. All collections of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[297,454,424,447]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[297,454,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="309">C. macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
have been found in an area where
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[186,329,454,477]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[186,329,454,477]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="309">C. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has also been collected. In this area the majority of the (c. 50) herbarium specimens of both species available for this study were collected flowering in November to December. Both species were found between 500 and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity box="[684,764,542,565]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
altitude. In this geographic range, at this altitude and with flower, specimens of both species were collected either with very young leaves or with senescent leaves. For
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[516,673,629,653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[516,673,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="309">C. macranthus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
we also recorded
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount box="[212,344,659,682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="309" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
collected without any leaves. Lock wrote in Flora Zambesiaca (Lock & Diniz 2010: 117): “Inflorescence developing with the leaves or just before, but flowering continu- ing until leaves are almost fully developed”.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|