115 lines
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115 lines
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<document id="835E7FFF2AF65FB34B89A2516CC8C5DE" ID-CLB-Dataset="21392" ID-DOI="10.1590/S0073-47212001000100003" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3f88e91-d4c7-4ccb-a00c-e84a8fd8abd3" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3967344" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1596118293448" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo & Grazia, Jocélia" docDate="2001" docId="03F3E608FF9EFD73FE45C47F23DB2C5A" docLanguage="en" docName="Iheringia.90.21-35.pdf" docOrigin="Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 90" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Loxa deducta Walker 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFCA9E70FF99FD74FFC9C628274F281E" masterDocTitle="Stink Bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) And An Unique Host Plant In The Brazilian Subtropics" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698844030687" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="50788B6B9E8338F24262AD1CD8EF9FFD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="69118D9489D3955099D92300F6836139">
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<mods:title id="02BC51E6628FAC1E1678D44F2CE642FB">Stink Bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) And An Unique Host Plant In The Brazilian Subtropics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1EF5D304B727BF13D8F2E8CC9904E5DA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0415B85EF5E848DF412B6A6992C0F2CF">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9C3F7057E5CCAF3C1D088C2500A2E292">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="04AF04982D63A6C687F4E09F01C36C7C">Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D6DB3446B56F2F38D338C648BB2A1AAC">Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Soja, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Caixa Postal 231, 86001 - 970, Londrina, PR, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C42561B0E068ED5EA9D695CC320C55C" type="email">panizzi@cnpso.embrapa.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6CE402A73E63FC19EBF6DDF1BA2B43A0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EFC08D4590A9B4FB1386FED11EAB73F2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D3CAE06FFC4D1B58B266EFF94D5DDB50">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5F3A688ACAE90E599F595DDDEE2D7DC9">Grazia, Jocélia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E22E5663F4A120DD75B1D4D6C21E3FC3">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Paulo Gama s / n, 90046 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0F3A8D57A6E7D490139D660E4451351" type="email">jocelia@vortex.ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C9761B6EB5EE3F426946A3FC14FD7167">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D40C37900D093B6261191626625A28D9">
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<mods:title id="6A2A3CA294172FDE4C2D31F1855BAB0F">Iheringia, Sér. Zool.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7D5B107F8D019C2C4ECA477D0323292B">
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<mods:date id="9DD3DD9A8BD9CB3F03B8E616E5EDD7BA">2001</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B87810DF46EFAFB5A4CD9AAD8295F7B4" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="DEAA893C2AF8EC160DC25C3B9F152ED8">2001-05-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7A83DB2A4E943E8F0478BDD5DA1F625E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1461CE48BFF6FB002E262AB0E2405A00">90</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="DDBE3930E8D20669DC13125BA0537D83" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="ECA7E6276DEF5711C5C395E07632533D">21</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7252394680EF54EED9D1F8AD17EC023D">35</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="3EAAE7471429963089C9D25F52EFFF0F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="91CC2A11C1B75BEA58C3C0DC4BE6364D" type="CLB-Dataset">21392</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="93CF869E7FFEE343FF8F245859437C69" type="DOI">10.1590/S0073-47212001000100003</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CA4F65F96F6A17B02CBD4122A5AEC673" type="GBIF-Dataset">e3f88e91-d4c7-4ccb-a00c-e84a8fd8abd3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8A9A794A26137314C1CAFD6732D8B3B2" type="Zenodo-Dep">3967344</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F3E608FF9EFD73FE45C47F23DB2C5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4332222" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166017500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4332222" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3E608FF9EFD73FE45C47F23DB2C5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3E608FF9EFD73FE45C47F23DB2C5A" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9EFD73FE45C47F25512A70" box="[396,542,598,622]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9EFD73FE45C47F25512A70" blockId="7.[332,1263,393,1737]" box="[396,542,598,622]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0ADE072FF9EFD73FE45C47F25582A70" box="[396,535,598,622]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FE45C47F25582A70" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1867" box="[396,535,598,622]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Loxa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deducta">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FE45C47F25582A70" box="[396,535,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Loxa deducta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9EFD73FDEAC47E25792AB7" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9EFD73FDEAC47E25792AB7" blockId="7.[332,1263,393,1737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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This pentatomid was the fourthmost abundantspecies. Equal numbers of nymphs and adults were captured throughout the year; both were more abundant from March to June (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9EFD73FE26C4B925662AB7" box="[495,553,657,681]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[370,410,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[371,1304,390,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[654,913,948,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1-7. Seasonal abundance of nymphs and adults of the most common pentatomids found on privet Ligustrum lucidum during a one-year period in northern Paraná state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967346/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">fig. 4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9EFD73FE45C48623942B00" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9EFD73FE45C48623942B00" blockId="7.[332,1263,393,1737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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Adults (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9EFD73FE29C486256A2AD8" box="[480,549,686,710]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[370,410,1666,1685]" captionTargetBox="[368,1300,392,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[368,1300,930,1000]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 17-20. Loxa deducta: 17, adults on fruits of privet; 18, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 19, egg mass on a privet leaf. 20, fifth instar of Acrosternum impicticorne on privet fruits. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 17; 1mm, figs. 18-19; 0,5mm, fig. 20)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967354/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">fig. 17</figureCitation>
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) green, with sharp pronotum spines. Median body length of females 18.0 mm (n = 10) andof males 16.0 mm (n = 10). Nymphs (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9EFD73FC1FC4E423522AFA" box="[982,1053,716,740]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[370,410,1666,1685]" captionTargetBox="[368,1300,392,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[368,1300,930,1000]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 17-20. Loxa deducta: 17, adults on fruits of privet; 18, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 19, egg mass on a privet leaf. 20, fifth instar of Acrosternum impicticorne on privet fruits. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 17; 1mm, figs. 18-19; 0,5mm, fig. 20)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967354/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">fig. 18</figureCitation>
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) ovoid, flat, greenyellowish, with reddish stripe along margins of head, thorax and abdomen. Black dots present on anterior margin of mesothorax and wing pads. Eggs (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9EFD73FC23C52E23602B00" box="[1002,1071,774,798]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[370,410,1666,1685]" captionTargetBox="[368,1300,392,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[368,1300,930,1000]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 17-20. Loxa deducta: 17, adults on fruits of privet; 18, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 19, egg mass on a privet leaf. 20, fifth instar of Acrosternum impicticorne on privet fruits. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 17; 1mm, figs. 18-19; 0,5mm, fig. 20)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967354/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">fig. 19</figureCitation>
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) cream colored.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9EFD73FE45C50B23DB2C5A" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9EFD73FE45C50B23DB2C5A" blockId="7.[332,1263,393,1737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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In the laboratory, survivorship of nymphs was high (82.9 %) when fed immature fruits of privet. Most females (83.3 %) oviposited, laying ca.18 egg masses orca. 230 eggs each.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FE42C54826B12B68" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1867" box="[395,510,862,887]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Loxa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deducta">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FE42C54826B12B68" box="[395,510,862,887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">L. deducta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known to feed and reproduce on soybean and on the other legumes
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FE85C554253D2B8A" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[332,626,892,916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Bauhinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candicans">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FE85C554256C2B8A" box="[332,547,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Bauhinia candicans</emphasis>
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Benth.
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FD6CC55523042B8A" authority="(Lam.) de Wit." authorityName="de Wit." baseAuthorityName="Lam." box="[677,1099,892,916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Leucaena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucocephala">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FD6CC55524EA2B8A" box="[677,933,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Leucaena leucocephala</emphasis>
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(Lam.) de Wit.
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</taxonomicName>
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in Brazil (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB2AEFFF9EFD73FB72C55426B82BAF" author="LINK, D. & GRAZIA, J." journalOrPublisher="Anais Soc. ent. Brasil, Porto Alegre" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="115 - 129" part="16" refId="ref6423" refString="LINK, D. & GRAZIA, J. 1987. Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul. Anais Soc. ent. Brasil, Porto Alegre, 16 (1): 115 - 129." title="Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul" type="journal article" year="1987">LINK & GRAZIA, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB2AEFFF9EFD73FDC9C5B125A32BAF" author="PANIZZI, A. R. & ROSSI, C. E." box="[512,748,921,945]" journalOrPublisher="Revta bras. Biol., Rio de Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="607 - 613" part="51" refId="ref6758" refString="PANIZZI, A. R. & ROSSI, C. E. 1991. Efeito da vagem e da semente de Leucaena e da vagem de soja no desenvolvimento de ninfas e adultos de Loxa deducta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Revta bras. Biol., Rio de Janeiro, 51 (3): 607 - 613." title="Efeito da vagem e da semente de Leucaena e da vagem de soja no desenvolvimento de ninfas e adultos de Loxa deducta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)" type="journal article" year="1991">PANIZZI & ROSSI, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). On the last food plant, females had a fecundity of ca. 66 eggs/female. It is also reported to feed and reproduce on another species of privet,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FE50C5FD25B62BF5" authority="Hasskarl." authorityName="Hasskarl." box="[409,761,979,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovalifolium">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FE50C5FD25C52BF5" box="[409,650,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ligustrum ovalifolium</emphasis>
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Hasskarl.
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</taxonomicName>
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in Rio Grande do Sul (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB2AEFFF9EFD73FC30C5FB23AD2BF5" author="LINK, D. & GRAZIA, J." box="[1017,1250,979,1003]" journalOrPublisher="Anais Soc. ent. Brasil, Porto Alegre" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="115 - 129" part="16" refId="ref6423" refString="LINK, D. & GRAZIA, J. 1987. Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul. Anais Soc. ent. Brasil, Porto Alegre, 16 (1): 115 - 129." title="Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul" type="journal article" year="1987">LINK & GRAZIA, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). Our studies with the privet species
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FD00C5DA24722C17" authorityName="Ait." box="[713,829,1009,1033]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucidum">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FD00C5DA24722C17" box="[713,829,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">L. lucidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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indicated a much better performance on this food plant compared to data in the literature when bugs were raised on other hosts, similar to what was observed on other pentatomid species such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9EFD73FBDEC20523C22C5A" baseAuthorityName="L." baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1047,1165,1068,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Nezara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridula">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9EFD73FBDEC20523C22C5A" box="[1047,1165,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">N. viridula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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