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<document id="DDB9656C2512C4A6BA949EFFF231957E" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano &amp; Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF7BFF379CD60FD1D39FF9A2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clytia hemisphaerica Linnaeus 1767" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="142" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="261B79E239055884F60BCD022435D843">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E1A2AA031A4310231C5E9DE0F2BE755A">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A339D900C02020B4220FB257A92BB695">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C067EC75179CA6BADA11066BC7B24BF5">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FF5FF6D0792BE5F13A894A0EBBFA5351">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FAEAFDF6C7AF15BCD55B2FDAB5AE39E9">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFF7BFF379CD60FD1D39FF9A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107192" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591264" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107192" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFF7BFF379CD60FD1D39FF9A2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFF7BFF379CD60FD1D39FF9A2" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF7BFF349CD60FD1D443FECE" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349CD60FD1D556FF64" blockId="141.[151,623,152,211]" box="[151,623,152,178]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<heading id="D0A681A4FF7BFF349CD60FD1D556FF64" bold="true" box="[151,623,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF7BFF349CD60FD1D556FF64" ID-CoL="5ZFB2" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[151,623,152,178]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349CD60FD1D556FF64" bold="true" box="[151,623,152,178]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349CD60FD1D6A1FF64" bold="true" box="[151,408,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Clytia hemisphaerica</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1767)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349CD60FF3D612FF05" blockId="141.[151,623,152,211]" box="[151,299,186,211]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF7BFF349CD60FF3D7C8FF05" box="[151,241,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 101" captionStartId="141.[151,250,1117,1139]" captionTargetBox="[396,1190,363,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@141.[373,1214,333,1095]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="FIGURE 101. Clytia hemisphaerica: A, hydranth and gonotheca; B, diagram of hydrothecal rim; C, young, and D, fully-grown medusa (drawn by C. G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; C, 1.0 mm; D, 6.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242830/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
A–D
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349CD60E4BD443FECE" blockId="141.[151,890,258,280]" box="[151,890,258,280]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
See
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349C830E4AD555FECE" box="[194,620,258,280]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
for a complete synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2E6640FF7BFF349CD60B14D4D2FB47" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242830/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" targetBox="[396,1190,363,1079]" targetPageId="141">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349CD60B14D4D2FB47" blockId="141.[151,1436,1116,1169]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349CD60B14D612FBA4" bold="true" box="[151,299,1117,1139]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">FIGURE 101.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF7BFF349D700B15D530FBA4" box="[305,521,1116,1138]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349D700B15D530FBA4" box="[305,521,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Clytia hemisphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349E570B14D511FBA4" bold="true" box="[534,552,1117,1138]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">A</emphasis>
, hydranth and gonotheca;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349F720B14D47AFBA4" bold="true" box="[819,835,1117,1138]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">B</emphasis>
, diagram of hydrothecal rim;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF3498300B14D3BAFBA5" bold="true" box="[1137,1155,1117,1139]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">C</emphasis>
, young, and
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF3499450B14D22FFBA4" bold="true" box="[1284,1302,1117,1138]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">D</emphasis>
, fully-grown medusa (drawn by C.G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; C, 1.0 mm; D, 6.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF7BFF349CD60BF1D59AFB20" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349CD60BF1D59AFB20" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349CD60BF1D6B9FB07" bold="true" box="[151,384,1208,1233]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Material examined.</emphasis>
HCUS-S 108p and HCUS-S
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF7BFF349E860BF0D43EFB07" box="[711,775,1209,1233]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" unit="m" value="108.0">108m</quantity>
(Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula)—polyp and medusa stages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF7BFF379C860A49D411FD52" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C860A49D36AFACF" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" box="[199,1107,1280,1305]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C860A49D668FACF" bold="true" box="[199,337,1280,1305]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Description</emphasis>
(based on our own observations;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349E8A0A49D443FACF" author="Cornelius" box="[715,890,1280,1305]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 &amp; 2, 1 - 347 &amp; 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349FC70A49D37FFACF" author="Schuchert" box="[902,1094,1280,1305]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert 2001a</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C860A6DD66BF9C0" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C860A6DD60AFAEB" bold="true" box="[199,307,1316,1341]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Hydroid.</emphasis>
Hydrorhiza as a creeping stolon system; colonies usually stolonal but occasionally erect; hydrothecal pedicels borne at close intervals, straight, with one to several rings at top and bottom and in some specimens also centrally, sometimes forking, secondary pedicels having characteristic upward curved basal region; hydranths 3–4 times as long as broad when fully extended; with usually 24–30 amphicoronate tentacles; hydrothecae campanulate, diaphragm thin, rim with ca 8–14 broad rounded-triangular cusps. Gonothecae tubular, with wide opening, walls smooth in some specimens but typically with trasverse folds arising from hydrorhiza on short, slender pedicels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C860969D4A5F9EF" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" box="[199,924,1568,1593]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C860969D602F9EF" bold="true" box="[199,315,1568,1593]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Cnidome.</emphasis>
b-mastigophores, 2
<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF7BFF349E5E0968D563F9EF" box="[543,602,1569,1593]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">types</typeStatus>
(polyp), isorhizas (medusa).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C86090DD54AF973" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C86090DD65AF98B" bold="true" box="[199,355,1604,1629]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
Habitat
<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF7BFF349D68090DD667F98B" box="[297,350,1604,1629]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">type</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF7BFF349D2B090DD563F98B" box="[362,602,1604,1629]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349D2B090DD563F98B" box="[362,602,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Clytia hemisphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a eurybathic species that, in the Mediterranean, has been found from the tidal level to about
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF7BFF349D2E0920D68FF956" box="[367,438,1641,1665]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349E4B0921D5ABF957" author="Broch" box="[522,658,1640,1665]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Broch, H. (1933) Zur kenntnis der Adriatischen fauna Von Split. Skrifter Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. Matematisknaturvidenskapelig klasse, 4, 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1933">Broch 1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349EDF0920D4B9F957" author="Boero" box="[670,896,1640,1665]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349FCA0920D331F957" author="Roca" box="[907,1032,1640,1665]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
); records from the Baltic (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34996C0921D7E9F970" author="Cornelius" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 &amp; 2, 1 - 347 &amp; 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
) indicate tolerance to brackish water.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C8609F9D359F91F" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" box="[199,1120,1712,1737]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C8609F9D678F91F" bold="true" box="[199,321,1712,1737]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Substrate.</emphasis>
Algae, phanerogams, hydrozoans, other invertebrates, floating objects.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF349C86099DD648F8C7" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C86099DD66DF93B" bold="true" box="[199,340,1748,1773]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Seasonality.</emphasis>
January–December (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349E0B099CD402F93B" author="Boero" box="[586,827,1748,1773]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349FCC099FD4FBF93B" box="[909,962,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; De Vito 2006; this study) in the Mediterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF7BFF379C860855D36DFECA" blockId="141.[151,1437,1208,2025]" lastBlockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349C860855D6FEF8E3" bold="true" box="[199,455,1820,1845]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
January (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349E7B0855D5D8F8E3" author="Stechow" box="[570,737,1820,1845]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow 1923</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349EB10857D4E4F8E3" author="Boero" box="[752,989,1820,1845]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF34986A0857D366F8E3" box="[1067,1119,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009), February (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34997B0855D7EBF88F" author="Stechow" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow 1923</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349C9F0809D64CF88F" author="Picard" box="[222,373,1856,1881]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Picard, J. (1951 a) Les hydraires des formations coralligenes des cotes francaises de la Mediterranee. Vie Milieu, 2 (2), 255 - 261." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Picard 1951a</bibRefCitation>
; Gili 1986;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349DBC0808D5DAF88F" author="Boero" box="[509,739,1856,1881]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349F95080BD33CF88F" box="[980,1029,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), March (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34997B0809D7EBF8AB" author="Stechow" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow 1923</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349CA1082CD65BF8A8" author="Rossi" box="[224,354,1893,1918]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Rossi, L. (1961) Idroidi viventi sulle scogliere del promontorio di Portofino (Golfo di Genova). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 72, 68 - 85." type="journal article" year="1961">Rossi 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349D2E082FD6D7F8A8" author="Roca" box="[367,494,1893,1918]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349DBA082FD5DAF8A8" author="Boero" box="[507,739,1893,1918]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349F9D082FD336F8A8" box="[988,1039,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), April (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34997B082CD7EAF877" author="Stechow" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349C9F08C1D650F877" author="Picard" box="[222,361,1928,1953]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Picard, J. (1955) Nouvelles recherches sur les hydromeduses des Herbiers mediterraneens de Posidonies. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine D'Endoume, 15 (Bulleton 9), 59 - 71." type="journal article" year="1955">Picard 1955</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349D3708C0D6CBF877" author="Roca" box="[374,498,1928,1953]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349EA408C3D42EF877" box="[741,791,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), May (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34987708C1D3E2F877" author="Stechow" box="[1078,1243,1928,1953]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
; Gili 1986;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34992308C0D7EAF810" author="Roca" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349C9C08E4D6EDF813" author="Piraino" box="[221,468,1965,1990]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Piraino, S. &amp; Morri, C. (1989) Zonazione di idroidi epifiti in una laguna costiera della Sicilia nord-occidentale. In: Atti del XIX. Congresso della Societa Italiana di Biologia Marina (Napoli, 24 - 28 Settembre 1987). Oebalia, New Series, 15, pp. 307 - 310." type="journal article" year="1989">Piraino &amp; Morri 1989</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF7BFF349E8108E7D5C9F810" box="[704,752,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), June (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF34984808E4D394F813" author="Stechow" box="[1033,1197,1965,1990]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF3498F908E7D20DF810" author="Roca" box="[1208,1332,1965,1990]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Morri &amp; Bianchi 1999; De Vito 2006; this study), July (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF7BFF349EE20898D357F83F" author="Pena" box="[675,1134,2001,2025]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; this study), August (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379CB70FD1D6E3FF66" author="Boero" box="[246,474,151,176]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379DA40FD1D494FF66" author="Pena" box="[485,941,152,176]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF3798DB0FD0D3F2FF66" box="[1178,1227,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), September (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D5C0FF5D538FF03" author="Boero" box="[285,513,188,213]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; De Vito 2006; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379EAD0FF4D424FF03" box="[748,797,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2009; this study), October (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF37981C0FF5D206FF03" author="Boero" box="[1117,1343,188,213]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF3799C90FF4D794FF2E" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2009), November (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379DD50F96D521FF2E" author="Rossi" box="[404,536,223,248]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Rossi, L. (1961) Idroidi viventi sulle scogliere del promontorio di Portofino (Golfo di Genova). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 72, 68 - 85." type="journal article" year="1961">Rossi 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E640FA9D434FF2E" author="Boero" box="[549,781,223,248]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379F5B0F96D321FF2E" author="Piraino" box="[794,1048,223,248]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Piraino, S. &amp; Morri, C. (1989) Zonazione di idroidi epifiti in una laguna costiera della Sicilia nord-occidentale. In: Atti del XIX. Congresso della Societa Italiana di Biologia Marina (Napoli, 24 - 28 Settembre 1987). Oebalia, New Series, 15, pp. 307 - 310." type="journal article" year="1989">Piraino &amp; Morri 1989</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF3798250FA8D3AEFF2E" box="[1124,1175,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2009), and December (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379CDF0E4DD6BBFECB" author="Boero" box="[158,386,260,285]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379D8D0E4CD6C4FECB" box="[460,509,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2009) in several localities of the Mediterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860E6ED681FDCE" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C860E6ED614FE96" bold="true" box="[199,301,295,320]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Medusa.</emphasis>
Adult. Umbrella nearly hemispherical or flatter, up to
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF78FF379FD00E61D4D8FEE9" box="[913,993,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
wide, mesoglea fairly thin; manubrium small, quadrate, with small base; 4 simple lips; usually 4 straight radial canals (sometimes more, up to 12); gonads oval or linear, 1/2–3/4 of length of radial canals without median furrow, nearer to margin than to manubrium; velum narrow; typically 32 (16–58) marginal tentacular bulbs, globular, prominent, each with one tentacle, also with few partially developed marginal bulbs; 1–3 usually 2 statocysts between successive tentacles. Colours: coloration varied, marginal tentacle bases and stomach yellowish, yellow brown, reddish brown, greenish or purple; gonads yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860D6DD411FD52" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
Developmental stages. The size range for medusae and the numbers of tentacles, including developing bulbs, vary depending on the seasonal variation; in the spring and early summer the medusae grow to a larger size than at other times of the year (for more details see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379EC70D25D422FD52" author="Russell" box="[646,795,620,645]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Russell, F. S. (1938) The Plymouth offshore medusae fauna. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, New Series, 22 (2), 411 - 440. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400012339" type="journal article" year="1938">Russell 1938</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF379C860DC6D23AFC56" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860DC6D386FD26" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C860DC6D659FD7E" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</emphasis>
Polyp nearly cosmopolitan in temperate waters of all oceans (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF37980E0DD9D3E6FD7E" author="Fraser" box="[1103,1247,656,680]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Fraser, C. McLean (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 45 l pp." type="book chapter" year="1944">Fraser 1944</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF3798B10DD9D2AEFD7E" author="Naumov" box="[1264,1431,655,680]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Naumov, D. V. (1969) Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR. Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translation, i - vi, 631 pp., 30 pls." type="book" year="1969">Naumov 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379CD60DFDD640FD1A" author="Marinopoulos" box="[151,377,692,717]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Marinopoulos, J. (1979) Distribution des Eudendrium dans la region Marseillaise. Etude preliminaire. Rapports et Proces Verbaux des Reunions, Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 25 - 26 (4), 117 - 118." type="journal article" year="1979">Marinopoulos 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379DC70DFDD501FD1B" author="Cornelius" box="[390,568,692,717]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 &amp; 2, 1 - 347 &amp; 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E070DFDD48AFD1B" author="Medel" box="[582,947,692,717]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel &amp; López-González 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379F800DFDD3BAFD1A" author="Schuchert" box="[961,1155,692,717]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert 2001a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF3798D00DFCD66DFD26" author="Pena" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
; Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379D890D90D538FD26" box="[456,513,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al.</emphasis>
2004;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E0F0D9ED415FD26" author="Gravili" box="[590,812,727,752]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379EE50D90D5EFFD26" box="[676,726,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2008a
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379F760D91D38AFD26" author="Soto" box="[823,1203,727,752]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Soto Angel, J. J. &amp; Pena Cantero, A. L. (2013) Shallow-water benthic hydroids from the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 34 (s 1), 177 - 196. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / maec. 12035" type="journal article" year="2013">Soto Ãngel &amp; Peña Cantero 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860DB5D23AFC56" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C860DB5D680FCC3" bold="true" box="[199,441,764,789]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
Common at: Torre dell’Inserraglio, Torre S. Emiliano, La Rotonda, Porto Badisco,
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379CD60C56D7D1FCEE" box="[151,232,799,824]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Zostera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="142" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marina">Marina</taxonomicName>
di Corsano, Palude del Capitano, Torre Vado (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379EB10C56D4ABFCEE" author="Presicce" box="[752,914,799,824]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Presicce, M. M. (1991) Gli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) del litorale salentino. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 143 pp." type="book" year="1991">Presicce 1991</bibRefCitation>
); Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF37990C0C56D626FC8A" author="Gravili" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379CD60C0CD7F1FC8B" box="[151,200,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2008a
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D6B0C0CD6FBFC8A" author="Ventura" box="[298,450,836,860]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Ventura, P. (2011) Comparison between hydroid fauna of Porto Cesareo (Ionian Sea) and Otranto (Adriatic Sea). Master thesis submitted for the partial fulfillment of the title of Master of Science in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation within the ERASMUS MUNDUS Master Programme EMBC. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2011">Ventura 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D8F0C0DD59AFC8A" author="Piraino" box="[462,675,836,861]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. &amp; Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
Piraino
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379E660C0CD560FC8B" box="[551,601,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
; this study); Torre Lapillo, S.ta Caterina (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF3798370C0DD213FC8A" author="Andreano" box="[1142,1322,836,861]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
); La Strea (Porto Cesareo) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D170C2ED531FC56" author="Andreano" box="[342,520,871,896]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E550C21D594FC56" author="Ventura" box="[532,685,872,896]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Ventura, P. (2011) Comparison between hydroid fauna of Porto Cesareo (Ionian Sea) and Otranto (Adriatic Sea). Master thesis submitted for the partial fulfillment of the title of Master of Science in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation within the ERASMUS MUNDUS Master Programme EMBC. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2011">Ventura 2011</bibRefCitation>
); Il Chiapparo (C. Gravili unpublished observations).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF379C860CC5D32DFBC6" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860CC5D32DFBC6" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C860CC5D602FC73" bold="true" box="[199,315,908,933]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Remarks.</emphasis>
The whole life cycle was examined in the present study.
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379F920CC5D3FFFC73" box="[979,1222,908,933]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379F920CC5D3FFFC73" box="[979,1222,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Clytia hemisphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be difficult to identify in the absence of gonothecae, when it is often confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379FF80CF9D30BFC1E" box="[953,1074,943,968]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Laomedea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379FF80CF9D30BFC1E" box="[953,1074,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">C. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(for more details see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF37996E0CE6D7EAFC3B" author="Cornelius" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 &amp; 2, 1 - 347 &amp; 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
). Reports about medusae with multiple radial canals might be referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF37985C0C9DD3F8FC3B" box="[1053,1217,980,1005]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF37985C0C9DD3F8FC3B" box="[1053,1217,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Clytia gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). Many supposed variations of this species might be referrable to other, distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF379C860B55D39FF9A2" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C860B55D39FF9A2" blockId="142.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C860B55D669FBE3" bold="true" box="[199,336,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D1F0B54D50FFBE2" box="[350,566,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Lo Bianco, S. (1909) Notize biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessuale degli animali del Golfo di Napoli. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 19 (4), 513 - 763." type="journal article">Lo Bianco (1909)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E080B54D5D5FBE2" author="Mayer" box="[585,748,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910) Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae. Vol. I &amp; II. Washington, Carnegie Institution, 735 pp." type="book" year="1910">Mayer (1910)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379F610B55D35DFBE3" box="[800,1124,1052,1077]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Phialidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaericum">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379F610B55D35DFBE3" box="[800,1124,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Phialidium hemisphaericum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF37983B0B55D22CFBE2" author="Hadzi" box="[1146,1301,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Hadzi, J. (1911) Razmjestaj i selidba knidocita u hidromeduza i u hidroida uopce. Rad Jugoslavenske Akaddemije Znanosti i Umjetnosti. Matematicko-Prirodoslovnim Razredom, 188, 141 - 247." type="journal article" year="1911">Hadzi (1911)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF3799080B55D7C6FB8E" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Clythia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johnstoni">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF3799080B55D7C6FB8E" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Clythia johnstoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379D510B76D523FB8E" author="Neppi" box="[272,538,1087,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. &amp; Stiasny, G. (1911) Die Hydromedusen des Golfes von Triest. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 38 (16 - 17), 395 - 399." type="journal article" year="1911">Neppi &amp; Stiasny (1911</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E690B09D558FB8E" author="Stiasny" box="[552,609,1088,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. &amp; Stiasny, G. (1913) Die Hydromedusen des Golfes von Triest. Arbeiten aus der Zoologischen Instituten der Universiiat Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest, 20 (1), 23 - 92." type="journal article" year="1913">1913</bibRefCitation>
) as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379ED20B76D4DEFB8E" box="[659,999,1087,1112]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Moerisiidae" genus="Thaumantias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaericum">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379ED20B76D4DEFB8E" box="[659,999,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Thaumantias hemisphaericum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379FB90B76D3B3FB8E" author="Broch" box="[1016,1162,1087,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Broch, H. (1912) Hydroidenuntersuchungen. Vergleichende Studien an Adriatischen hydroiden. Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, 1, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1912">Broch (1912</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF3798D60B09D3F6FB8E" author="Broch" box="[1175,1231,1088,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Broch, H. (1933) Zur kenntnis der Adriatischen fauna Von Split. Skrifter Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. Matematisknaturvidenskapelig klasse, 4, 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1933">1933</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF3798B80B76D6ACFBAB" ID-CoL="QC9X" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Campanularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnstoni" subGenus="Phialidium">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF3798B80B76D6ACFBAB" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Campanularia (Phialidium) johnstoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f.
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379DF20B2CD6C1FBAA" box="[435,504,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">typica</emphasis>
and f.
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379E040B2CD5B7FBAA" box="[581,654,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">crassa</emphasis>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379EE70B2DD40FFBAA" author="Neppi" box="[678,822,1124,1149]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. (1912) Adriatische Hydromedusen. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematischnaturwissenschaft Klasse, 121 (8), 707 - 734." type="journal article" year="1912">Neppi (1912</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379F010B2DD442FBAA" author="Neppi" box="[832,891,1124,1148]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. (1918) Sulla rigenerazione nelle idromeduse. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 2 (2), 191 - 207." type="journal article" year="1918">1918</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379FC70B2DD4F8FBAA" author="Neppi" box="[902,961,1124,1148]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. (1919) Notizia riguardante alcune idromeduse anomale. Bollettino della Societa Naturalistica di Napoli, 31, 118 - 125." type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379F8C0B2DD330FBAA" author="Neppi" box="[973,1033,1124,1148]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Neppi, V. (1920) Aggiunta alla nota sopra alcune idromeduse anomale del golfo di Napoli. Bollettino della Societa Naturalistica di Napoli, 32, 89 - 91." type="journal article" year="1920">1920</bibRefCitation>
),
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,
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379F14095CD312F9FB" box="[853,1067,1556,1581]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Moerisiidae" genus="Thaumantias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaericum">
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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