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<document id="F88DD1F448E0BA2B1AA10A74DAFC8570" ID-CLB-Dataset="24419" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4718.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13c50c08-32cd-415a-818f-632ef4736aa6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3602528" ID-ZooBank="40857F32-81DA-4DFC-A3B9-F2AA1B485542" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1578565019560" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Yan-Na, Du, Wei &amp; Hua, Bao-Zhen" docDate="2020" docId="03802B15E579BF15FF0E7591FE60FED7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4718.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4718 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bittacus acutus Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua 2020, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="385" masterDocId="FFB9536DE57BBF11FF997168FFD8FF94" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Bittacus Latreille, 1805 (Mecoptera: Bittacidae), with a key to the species of Bittacidae in South China" masterLastPageNumber="390" masterPageNumber="381" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1698776721362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="30A81C6CCE31ECC8EF2883DFFCC65C88">Three new species of the genus Bittacus Latreille, 1805 (Mecoptera: Bittacidae), with a key to the species of Bittacidae in South China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="AC1FEA2F5FEB39C9E14C32AB26328DDF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D20ED4066D43C145C44D42F27F310DE5">Zhang, Yan-Na</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="127423A1DA4A8B7CAF99751B478E874A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="02931A350033CA0198B1DFCD40EDE522">Du, Wei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B32317DDAFAD1FC2DAFA01069FEFD640" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4211DBD09FBF67257D7298460352176A">Hua, Bao-Zhen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B7A2B5356DD80AC681927AB96841BCC5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C16DE4F2E693A44772C6DC9A019309B7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="421F15895C0D548634B62D7E61834A94">
<mods:date id="14E560553C7FED0D4233E58A7EDF3B7D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3532E88A566A07518A35FE1E3E86EBD1">2020-01-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="011651E575A346963783DFA1C758C725">4718</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FD26B8ED9A437861ADD21EF37F6FFC55">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="20E9316B2581C2AC8C76E2B673CAF5B4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DA02D3C3816FD2138E560A9CD2D43C33" type="CLB-Dataset">24419</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="178625A873F700AA4266344F28E53038" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4718.3.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A5E7EBE4A50487C4BFC708C045B27EE7" type="GBIF-Dataset">13c50c08-32cd-415a-818f-632ef4736aa6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03802B15E579BF15FF0E7591FE60FED7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5919218" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671031" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5919218" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03802B15E579BF15FF0E7591FE60FED7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03802B15E579BF15FF0E7591FE60FED7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="385" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF13FF0E7591FE43FA87" box="[151,411,1273,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF0E7591FE43FA87" blockId="2.[151,411,1273,1335]" box="[151,411,1273,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<heading id="D0DE2D6FE579BF13FF0E7591FE43FA87" bold="true" box="[151,411,1273,1300]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF0E7591FE43FA87" bold="true" box="[151,411,1273,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="4C29E180E579BF13FF0E7591FE8AFA80" authority="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua, 2020" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,338,1273,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF0E7591FE8AFA80" bold="true" box="[151,338,1273,1300]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Bittacus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EFB6AE579BF13FEC07591FE43FA87" box="[345,411,1273,1299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF13FF0E7475FECAFAA3" box="[151,274,1309,1335]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF0E7475FECAFAA3" blockId="2.[151,411,1273,1335]" box="[151,274,1309,1335]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FF067475FED2FAA3" box="[159,266,1309,1335]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,794,819]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1432,352,761]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,337,775]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Bittacus acutus sp. n. A. Male terminalia in lateral view, holotype; B. female terminalia in lateral view, paratype; C. female terminalia in ventral view, paratype. Abbreviations:AL, aedeagal lobe; Ce, cercus; EL, epandrial lobe; Gcx, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pf, penisfilum; S, sternum; SaP, subanal plate; SgP, subgenital plate; Sp, spiracle; T, tergum; UBP, upper branch of proctiger. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602534" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3602534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF13FF0E740DFBE8FA37" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF0E740DFBE8FA37" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF0E740DFE9CFAEB" bold="true" box="[151,324,1380,1407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B41905EE579BF13FED0740DFDF7FA37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2545450326" collectingDate="2015-07-25" collectorName="Ji-Shen Wang" country="China" elevation="1100" latitude="25.890278" location="Mao'ershan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="110.48555" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FED0740DFE65FAEB" bold="true" box="[329,445,1381,1407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="549224A1E579BF13FED0740DFE60FAEB" box="[329,440,1381,1407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2F518AE579BF13FE5A740EFE02FA14" box="[451,474,1382,1408]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33EDA93E579BF13FE7D740DFD99FAEB" box="[484,577,1381,1407]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49ED54E1E579BF13FDD3740DFD77FAEB" box="[586,687,1381,1407]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8EF6CCD8E579BF13FD21740DFC37FA14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03802B15E579BF15FF0E7591FE60FED7:8EF6CCD8E579BF13FD21740DFC37FA14" box="[696,1007,1381,1408]" country="China" latitude="25.890278" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="110.48555" name="Mao'ershan Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" stateProvince="Guangxi">Mao’ershan Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE1DFCC4E579BF13FC64740CFB5EFAEB" box="[1021,1158,1380,1407]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" precision="15" seconds="25" value="25.890278">25°53′25″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1DFCC4E579BF13FB09740CFAFAFAEB" box="[1168,1314,1380,1407]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" precision="15" seconds="08" value="110.48555">110°29′08″E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CD137E6E579BF13FAFC740DFF68FA30" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation id="00047D30E579BF13FAFC740DFF68FA30" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FF97BCC3E579BF13FF5D74E0FE80FA37" box="[196,344,1416,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2015-07-25">
<collectingDate id="EFD3452BE579BF13FF5D74E0FE80FA37" box="[196,344,1416,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2015-07-25">25 July 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26DCFFD5E579BF13FEFA74E1FE26FA30" box="[355,510,1417,1444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Ji-Shen Wang</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B41905EE579BF13FDAC74E1FBF5FA37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2545450328" box="[565,1069,1417,1444]" collectingDate="2015-07-25" collectorName="Ji-Shen Wang" country="China" elevation="1100" latitude="25.890278" location="Mao'ershan Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="110.48555" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FDAC74E1FD71FA37" bold="true" box="[565,681,1417,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="549224A1E579BF13FDAC74E1FD7CFA37" box="[565,676,1417,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2F518AE579BF13FD2974E1FD0BFA37" box="[688,723,1417,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same data as for the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF13FF5E74C4FCB5F99B" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF5E74C4FCB5F99B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF5E74C4FE9AFA53" bold="true" box="[199,322,1452,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: 1) wing with four brown markings, one each at OM, ORs, FRs and end of CuP (
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FC0174B9FC2BFA7F" box="[920,1011,1489,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); and 2) epandrial lobe hat-shaped in lateral view, with a sharp process at ventro-distal apex (
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FC9F749DFC87F99B" box="[774,863,1525,1551]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,794,819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,352,761]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,337,775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bittacus acutus sp. n. A. Male terminalia in lateral view, holotype; B. female terminalia in lateral view, paratype; C. female terminalia in ventral view, paratype. Abbreviations:AL, aedeagal lobe; Ce, cercus; EL, epandrial lobe; Gcx, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pf, penisfilum; S, sternum; SaP, subanal plate; SgP, subgenital plate; Sp, spiracle; T, tergum; UBP, upper branch of proctiger. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF13FF5E7771FE1BF9C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF5E7771FE1BF9C3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF5E7771FE96F9A7" bold="true" box="[199,334,1561,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="4C29E180E579BF13FDDD7772FD55F9A7" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2020" box="[580,653,1562,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FDDD7772FD55F9A7" box="[580,653,1562,1587]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” (sharpened) is a Latin participle, referring to the sharp distal process of the male epandrial lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E579BF12FF5E7708FA8BF845" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF5E7708FCD4F89F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF5E7708FE78F9EF" bold="true" box="[199,416,1632,1659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
Description.
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FEFB7708FE78F9EF" bold="true" box="[354,416,1632,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Head</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FE2B7709FDD2F9EF" box="[434,522,1633,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Vertex yellowish brown. Ocellar triangle blackish brown. Antennae yellowish brown, filiform and ciliated; flagellum with segments distinct basally and obscure beyond the 15th segment. Frons slightly concave below the antennal socket. Compound eyes blackish brown. Rostrum three times as long as wide. Clypeus yellowish brown; labrum fuscous; maxillary and labial palps yellowish brown; third maxillary palpomere the longest, and the fifth slightly shorter than the fourth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF13FF5E767CFDE7F82B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF5E767CFEC5F8BB" bold="true" box="[199,285,1812,1839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FEB4767DFE1FF8A4" box="[301,455,1813,1840]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2A, D, E</figureCitation>
). Pronotum yellowish brown, with a pair of long setae on anterior margin. Mesonotum and metanotum yellowish brown. Pleura unevenly pale yellowish. Legs yellow; hind basitarsus longer than tarsomeres II and III combined. Tibia with two apical spurs, the longer one about 1.5 times as long as the shorter one in middle leg. Tarsomere IV bearing 24–27 prominent black ventral teeth, with three setae on each side subbasally; tarsomere V with 26–28 ventral teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B969A03E579BF12FF5E76A1FE2FFED7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1380,2020]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E579BF13FF5E76A1FED7F877" bold="true" box="[199,271,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E579BF13FEB876A1FEA1F877" box="[289,377,1993,2019]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Forewing length
<quantity id="4CD137E6E579BF13FDCF76A1FD64F870" box="[598,700,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="18.9">18.9 mm</quantity>
in male,
<quantity id="4CD137E6E579BF13FCB376A1FC48F870" box="[810,912,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="18.8">18.8 mm</quantity>
in female; width
<quantity id="4CD137E6E579BF13FBC676A1FB6FF870" box="[1119,1207,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6 mm</quantity>
in male,
<quantity id="4CD137E6E579BF13FABC76A1FAA6F870" box="[1317,1406,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
in female. Pterostigma brown. Four brown markings, one each at ORs, FRs, OM and subapical portion of CuP; thyridium at FM; two Pcv; Av absent. Sc terminating beyond the origin of FRs; FM at the level of FRs; CuP ending before the origin of FM
<subScript id="17AD9846E578BF12FE31719AFE1AFE94" attach="left" box="[424,450,242,256]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">3+4</subScript>
; 1A long, ending before FM. Hindwing length
<quantity id="4CD137E6E578BF12FC7F7188FB94FF6F" box="[998,1100,224,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
in male, 15.0 mm in female; width 4.0 mm in male,
<quantity id="4CD137E6E578BF12FE04706DFE2CFE8B" box="[413,500,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
in female. Wing pattern similar to forewing, but Sc ending before the level of FRs; 1A coalesced with CuP basally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B969A03E578BF12FF5E7024FC27FDF7" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FF5E7024FE4DFEF3" bold="true" box="[199,405,332,359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Abdomen of male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E578BF12FE3C7025FDD1FEF3" box="[421,521,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,625,1632]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bittacus acutus sp. n., holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13128686E578BF12FD8F7025FDE1FEF3" box="[534,569,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,794,819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,352,761]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,337,775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bittacus acutus sp. n. A. Male terminalia in lateral view, holotype; B. female terminalia in lateral view, paratype; C. female terminalia in ventral view, paratype. Abbreviations:AL, aedeagal lobe; Ce, cercus; EL, epandrial lobe; Gcx, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pf, penisfilum; S, sternum; SaP, subanal plate; SgP, subgenital plate; Sp, spiracle; T, tergum; UBP, upper branch of proctiger. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">3A</figureCitation>
). Terga and sterna yellowish brown; terga III−VIII each with a narrow black antecosta; tergum VIII emarginate slightly on posterior margin. Epandrial lobe yellowish brown, slightly longer than gonocoxite, hat-shaped in lateral view, with a sharp process at ventro-distal apex and dense black spines along the distal inner surface. Tergum X saddle-like. Upper branch of proctiger digitate, with long setae distally; lower branch of proctiger curved ventrally, broad basally and tapering toward apex. Cerci clavate, approximately as long as half length of gonocoxites. Gonocoxites yellowish brown, separated by a V-shaped membranous median area caudally; gonostylus short, blunt distally with a process on inner side. Penisfilum slender and greatly coiled; aedeagal lobe broad, with its ventral portion enlarged and separated from aedeagus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF56CA8BE578BF12FF0E771CFE55F96C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3602532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" startId="3.[151,250,1652,1677]" targetBox="[151,1435,625,1624]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E578BF12FF0E771CFE55F96C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1652,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FF0E771CFECCF919" bold="true" box="[151,276,1652,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C29E180E578BF12FE85771DFE60F918" authority="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua, 2020" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,440,1653,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FE85771DFE60F918" box="[284,440,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Bittacus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FE59771DFE22F919" bold="true" box="[448,506,1653,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EFB6AE578BF12FE59771DFE22F919" box="[448,506,1653,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype. A. Male habitus in lateral view; B. head in frontal view; C. right wings; D. tarsomeres IV–V; E. articulation of basitarsus and tibia to show two apical tibial spurs. Abbreviations: Ant, antenna; Cly, clypeus; E, eye; Fr, frons; L, labrum; LP, labial palp; MP, maxillary palp; O, ocellus; V, vertex. Scale bar: A = 5 mm; B and E = 0.5 mm; C = 2 mm; D = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B969A03E578BF12FF5E764EFA8BF845" blockId="3.[151,1436,1830,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FF5E764EFE75F8D5" bold="true" box="[199,429,1830,1857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Abdomen of female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13128686E578BF12FE27764FFDD8F8D5" box="[446,512,1831,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,794,819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,352,761]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,337,775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bittacus acutus sp. n. A. Male terminalia in lateral view, holotype; B. female terminalia in lateral view, paratype; C. female terminalia in ventral view, paratype. Abbreviations:AL, aedeagal lobe; Ce, cercus; EL, epandrial lobe; Gcx, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pf, penisfilum; S, sternum; SaP, subanal plate; SgP, subgenital plate; Sp, spiracle; T, tergum; UBP, upper branch of proctiger. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B–C). Terga and sterna yellowish brown; each tergum with a narrow black antecosta. Subgenital plate sclerotized, yellowish brown, with a patch of black setae apically, and separated medially by a broad triangular membranous area, and with a prominent blunt distal process; dorsal margin concave apically in lateral view, with a slender process extending to the anterior portion of tergum IX. Tergum X yellowish brown, not extending ventrally. Anal plates consistent in length, blunt apically. Cerci slightly shorter than subanal plate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E578BF12FF5E76B2FDF4F862" box="[199,556,2010,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E578BF12FF5E76B2FDF4F862" blockId="3.[151,1436,1830,2038]" box="[199,556,2010,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E578BF12FF5E76B2FEB9F861" bold="true" box="[199,353,2010,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33EDA93E578BF12FEFE76B3FE72F861" box="[359,426,2011,2037]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49ED54E1E578BF12FE2076B3FDF8F862" box="[441,544,2011,2038]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333C988E57FBF15FF5E71F1FE60FED7" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B969A03E57FBF15FF5E71F1FE60FED7" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FF5E71F1FEE3FF27" bold="true" box="[199,315,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C29E180E57FBF15FEDC71F1FE2BFF26" authority="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua, 2020" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Du &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2020" box="[325,499,153,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FEDC71F1FE2BFF26" box="[325,499,153,178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Bittacus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FE6471F1FDE7FF27" bold="true" box="[509,575,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EFB6AE57FBF15FE6471F1FDE7FF27" box="[509,575,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C29E180E57FBF15FD5B71F1FBB4FF27" authority="Chen &amp; Hua, 2011" authorityName="Chen &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2011" box="[706,1132,152,179]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaoluoshanus">
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FD5B71F1FC5FFF26" box="[706,903,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">B. diaoluoshanus</emphasis>
Chen &amp; Hua,
<quantity id="4CD137E6E57FBF15FBAC71F1FBB4FF27" box="[1077,1132,153,179]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.10794" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" unit="in" value="2011.0">2011</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in appearance, but can be readily separated from the latter by the following characters: 1) wing with only four brown markings, each at ORs, FRs, OM and CuP (
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FE1B7189FE4EFF6F" box="[386,406,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">cf</emphasis>
. four brown markings and one distinct tawny stripe along apical margin extending from pterostigma to beyond the apex); and 2) male epandrial lobe with a sharp distal process (
<emphasis id="B95D4611E57FBF15FBE1706DFB54FE8B" box="[1144,1164,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">cf</emphasis>
. epandrial lobe subtrapezoidal, without process).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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