174 lines
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174 lines
15 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8793" ID-GBIF-Dataset="00d3654a-fa06-4045-a4dc-f0c73d287705" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127881198" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1860-1324-2" ModsDocOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Species of the pleasing lacewing genus Dilar Rambur (Neuroptera, Dilaridae) from islands of East Asia" checkinTime="1418151420938" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Wei, Liu, Xingyue, Aspoeck, Horst, Winterton, Shaun L. & Aspoeck, Ulrike" docDate="2014" docId="292BEC6F6DDB1CD1F9819D34BADF7D29" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 61(2): 141-153" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8793" docTitle="Dilar insularis Zhang, Liu & U. Aspoeck, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="148" masterDocId="FFABFFB2FF8BFF918B1E076CFFD92A36" masterDocTitle="Species of the pleasing lacewing genus Dilar Rambur (Neuroptera, Dilaridae) from islands of East Asia" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="141" pageId="5" pageNumber="146" updateTime="1643527446209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Species of the pleasing lacewing genus Dilar Rambur (Neuroptera, Dilaridae) from islands of East Asia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Wei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aspoeck, Horst</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Winterton, Shaun L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aspoeck, Ulrike</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>61</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>141</mods:start>
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<mods:end>153</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8793</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8793</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-2</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127881198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:292BEC6F6DDB1CD1F9819D34BADF7D29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/292BEC6F6DDB1CD1F9819D34BADF7D29" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="5" pageNumber="146">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="146" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="146">Taxon classification Animalia Neuroptera Dilaridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="146" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="146">
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<taxonomicName LSID="tp://zoobank.org/721BA7E1-F9DF-4967-822B-E46BE6AA0C96" authority="Zhang, Liu & U. Aspoeck" class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar insularis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
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Dilar insularis Zhang, Liu & U.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="146">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 6, 24-27
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="147" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">This species is characterized by the forewings with numerous yellowish brown stripes, and the male gonarcus/ninth gonocoxite complex with rather inflated ninth gonocoxites and slenderly elongate tenth gonocoxites which are angulately curved anteriorly.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="147" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Male. Body length 3.7-5.5 mm; forewing length 6.0-8.9 mm, hindwing length 5.2-7.5 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Head yellowish brown, with pale yellow setose tubercles. Compound eyes blackish brown. Antenna with ca. 28 segments, pale yellowish brown, pedicel with brown annular stripes, flagellum unipectinate on most flagellomeres, medial branches much longer than those on both ends, longest branch nearly 7.0 times as long as relevant flagellomere, but branch of 1st flagellomere short and dentate, distal eight flagellomeres simple.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Prothorax pale yellow, pronotum pale yellowish brown, with anterior margin and posterolateral corners pale yellow, medially with a pair of ovoid markings; mesothorax pale yellowish brown, mesonotum yellowish brown on anterior and lateral margins; metanotum yellowish brown, slightly darker on lateral margins. Legs pale yellowish brown, femora blackish brown at tip. Wings hyaline, slightly yellowish brown, with numerous yellowish brown stripes. Forewing ~2.2 times as long as wide, proximal stripes slightly darker, arranging as transversely arcuate pattern, an immaculate area present distal to median nygma; two nygmata present on proximal and median portion, median one much larger than proximal one. Hindwing ~2.1 times as long as wide, slightly paler than forewing, with similar marking pattern; one nygma present at middle. Veins pale brown. Forewing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuP; Sc just touching R in pterostigmatic region, terminally leaving several weak veinlets; Rs with four or five main branches; MP with two main branches; two gradate crossveins present at middle. Hindwing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuA; Rs with four main branches.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Abdomen pale yellowish brown, pregenital segments dorsally dark brown. Ninth tergite in dorsal view with an arcuate anterior incision and a nearly V-shaped posterior incision, leaving a narrow median portion and a pair of subtriangular hemitergites, which are obtuse distally and densely haired; posteromedial portion protruding into a projection; in lateral view broad, with straight ventral margin and arcuate posterior margin. Ninth sternite obviously shorter than ninth tergite, arcuately convex posteriad. Ectoproct in dorsal view nearly truncate distally, with two pairs of claw-like projections, in ventral view posteroventrally with two pairs of unguiform projections and a pair of short, feebly sclerotized, digitiform projections. Ninth gonocoxite rather short and robust with acutely tapering tip; tenth gonocoxite slenderly elongate, slightly longer than ninth gonocoxite, angulately curved anteriorly, posteriorly with obtuse tip, medially with a lobe connecting to ninth gonocoxite; gonarcus slenderly beam-shaped, laterally connecting to base of ninth gonocoxites. Hypandrium internum subtriangular, with lateral margins slightly arcuate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="type materials">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="148" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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materials.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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Holotype ♂, "CHINA, Hainan, Mt. Wuzhishan [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.766666">18°46'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.5">109°30'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 1800 m, 23.V.1964, Sikong Liu" (CAU). Paratypes 1♂, CHINA, Hainan, Baisha, Bawangling [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.133333">19°08'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.25">109°15'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 1300 m, 24.V.2007 (CAU); 1♂, CHINA, Hainan, Lingshui, Mt. Diaoluoshan [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.65">18°39'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.9">109°54'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 27.III.1964, Sikong Liu (CAU); 1♂, CHINA, Taiwan, Nantou [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="23.916666">23°55'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="120.666664">120°40'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 10.VII.1961, T. Shirogu (NSMT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">China (Hainan, Taiwan).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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The specific epithet
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“insularis”">"insularis"</normalizedToken>
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refers to the fact that the new species is endemic to the islands of East Asia: Hainan and Taiwan. It is an adjective in the nominative masculine singular.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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This species can be easily distinguished from the other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilar</taxonomicName>
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species from Taiwan by the male ninth tergite with a posteromedial projection, the male gonocoxite complex 9, 10, 11 with rather inflated and short ninth gonocoxites, and the male ectoproct distally with two pairs of claw-like projections. First, we discovered this new species in several localities on Hainan Island, but subsequently found one specimen of this species in Taiwan, which indicates that this species might be diverged much earlier than the other Taiwanese
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilar</taxonomicName>
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species when these two large islands were parts of the East Asian mainland.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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Figures 24-27.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar insularis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">Dilar insularis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 24. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 25. Male genitalia, ventral view; 26. Male genitalia, lateral view; 27. Male ectoproct, caudal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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Figures 28-31. Individual variations of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilar</taxonomicName>
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spp. 28, 30.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar taiwanensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis">Dilar taiwanensis</taxonomicName>
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Banks, male with dark wings; 29, 31. same species, male with bright wings. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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Figure 32. Geographic distribution of the species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilar</taxonomicName>
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. ▲
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar formosanus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Dilar formosanus</taxonomicName>
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(Okamoto & Kuwayama);
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar hikosanus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hikosanus">Dilar hikosanus</taxonomicName>
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Nakahara; ●
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar insularis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">Dilar insularis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.; ■
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar japonicus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">Dilar japonicus</taxonomicName>
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McLachlan; ▼
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar pallidus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus">Dilar pallidus</taxonomicName>
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Nakahara;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dilaridae" genus="Dilar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilar taiwanensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis">Dilar taiwanensis</taxonomicName>
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Banks.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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