73 lines
7.7 KiB
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73 lines
7.7 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa061" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300243" approvalRequired="62" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="11" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="45" approvalRequired_for_treatments="6" checkinTime="1630095814227" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Norman, David B" docDate="2021" docId="B66BDD2A080EFFB4E3047052FD54E2CB" docLanguage="en" docName="zlaa061.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 (1)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/191/1/1/5893854" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.5:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Ornithischia Seeley 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="4A52A552082FFF96E03F7400FFA5E61A" masterDocTitle="Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1631151263965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Norman, David B</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-01-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>191</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/191/1/1/5893854</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa061</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5300243</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306871" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B66BDD2A080EFFB4E3047052FD54E2CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B66BDD2A080EFFB4E3047052FD54E2CB" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[827,983,1106,1130]" box="[827,983,1106,1130]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading box="[827,983,1106,1130]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seeley" authorityYear="1887" box="[827,983,1106,1130]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
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<emphasis box="[827,983,1106,1130]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ornithischia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="33.[827,1443,1147,1905]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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The earliest known (Jurassic) ornithischians were small, bipedal cursors with long, muscular cantilever tails and a herbivorous diet (
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<figureCitation box="[1154,1249,1208,1230]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[146,226,956,978]" captionTargetBox="[151,754,199,913]" captionTargetId="figure-631@34.[149,757,195,916]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Ornithischian skeletal forms. A, Eocursor. B, Edmontonia. C, Stegosaurus. No gastralia are present in these or any other known ornithischians. Images kindly provided by Scott Hartman who retains the copyright of each. Scale bars in centimetres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300285/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
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). They processed food orally using a combination of orthal pulping and irregular occlusal shearing; they were also narrowsnouted (selective) feeders capable of utilizing more readily digested succulent plant material. Their enlarged plant-adapted gut could hang beneath the pelvis and between the legs because of the retroversion of the pubis; this arrangement did not compromize either their bipedal pose or locomotor ability. A large gut is a
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<emphasis box="[922,1070,1485,1506]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sine qua non</emphasis>
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for ornithischians, even if some were occasional omnivores (as argued by
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<bibRefCitation author="Barrett PM" box="[1284,1435,1515,1536]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="42 - 78" refId="ref57667" refString="Barrett PM. 2000. Prosauropod dinosaurs and iguanas: speculations on the diets of extinct reptiles. In: Sues H-D, ed. Evolution of herbivory in terrestrial vertebrates: perspectives from the fossil record. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 42 - 78." type="book chapter" year="2000">Barrett, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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) because all living herbivorous-omnivorous lizards are characterized by their possession of comparatively large guts. Costal aspiration was likely to have been their primary respiratory mechanism, but might have been supplemented by some form of pelvic kinesis (
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<bibRefCitation author="Carrier DR & Farmer CG" box="[836,1156,1699,1721]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="271 - 293" refId="ref58559" refString="Carrier DR, Farmer CG. 2000 a. The evolution of pelvic aspiration in archosaurs. Paleobiology 26: 271 - 293." type="journal article" year="2000">Carrier & Farmer, 2000a</bibRefCitation>
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). The energetic losses incurred by actively raising and lowering the gut, if cuirassal aspiration had been an important component of their respiratory strategy, were thereby avoided.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[827,1443,1147,1905]" lastBlockId="34.[145,761,1150,1234]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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The subsequent evolutionary history of the ornithischian clade demonstrates that opisthopuby was maintained, albeit with elaboration of the pelvic bones in particular subclades, and several subclades independently acquired a secondarily quadrupedal style of locomotion (
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<bibRefCitation author="Barrett PM & Maidment SCR" box="[306,604,1212,1234]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="363 - 377" refId="ref57762" refString="Barrett PM, Maidment SCR. 2017. The evolution of ornithischian quadrupedality. Journal of Iberian Geology 43: 363 - 377." type="journal article" year="2017">Barrett & Maidment, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[617,739,1212,1234]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[146,226,956,978]" captionTargetBox="[151,754,199,913]" captionTargetId="figure-631@34.[149,757,195,916]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Ornithischian skeletal forms. A, Eocursor. B, Edmontonia. C, Stegosaurus. No gastralia are present in these or any other known ornithischians. Images kindly provided by Scott Hartman who retains the copyright of each. Scale bars in centimetres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300285/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 25B, C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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