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<document id="D32B34ADDC7461172635C66C3281F931" ID-CLB-Dataset="33627" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.495.7862" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e806bddc-dfe6-4f5d-bc74-070ccd1c28ab" ID-PMC="PMC4400403" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-495-21" ID-PubMed="25901119" ID-ZooBank="745311C2B39D427DBAA4D6E4287FF765" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-495-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 495" ModsDocTitle="Two new species of benthopelagic Stephos (Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from Korea" checkinTime="1451244462744" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moon, Seong Yong, Youn, Seok-Hyun &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A." docDate="2015" docId="9463B131066D13DA7D77634C2701FD9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 495: 21-40" docOrigin="ZooKeys 495" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.495.7862" docTitle="Stephos geojinensis Moon, Youn &amp; Maran, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="57A20501-74CF-4E13-874D-4FC21A3C7ECE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="43709964FFEDFFC9FFD0FF949E262A62" masterDocTitle="Two new species of benthopelagic Stephos (Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from Korea" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1701375068891" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="39396F52E69172B6FCF9D65F7926AF97" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E5DB3DB95AE8605332F010B6E8DDD880">Two new species of benthopelagic Stephos (Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="80EF7A03133FEDED16D8D09DDEEBD805" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2D3F89AD191005407AAF259227E73068">Moon, Seong Yong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="F2741AE26A7B0661B7189C396FBEA07D">Youn, Seok-Hyun</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="BEA898DE3FBBBDD29AE7F310CCF80643">
<mods:roleTerm id="7228D8561C33EB30CD27EAD22C7DB9FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8159EFC4D6ABF6D7B6CC6F8EEDBE7D08">Venmathi Maran, B. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A64E98E72A1342AE56F25C5288D4E1F5">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="85BCCB0949B65495B709D4B3156E5B3E">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="128FCF5222FD0A8593324A99330F6696">495</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="53EB076541827D2D07F00ACCB7335D3C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="89BA1A4F8C9163EBE062DCB69C9DE656" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.495.7862</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B498F5C702F0C3EEA05044BF9018AC9" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-495-21</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B1B21B64AC3B97F94E84A40FE25F769F" type="ZooBank">745311C2B39D427DBAA4D6E4287FF765</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9463B131066D13DA7D77634C2701FD9C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059326" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:57A20501-74CF-4E13-874D-4FC21A3C7ECE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9463B131066D13DA7D77634C2701FD9C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="226E2290F151A584B75D9B1A92F0C931" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="E31F0FF4819A724BF5346B4DC899CB15" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Taxon classification Animalia Calanoida Stephidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4EBCE8B5B781E60FE1C976BE801DD196" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="09967E8F64C3B5C6056F3951536E8813" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="0F4D1C842D5215575E782F9D85D2C044" ID-CoL="52D2V" LSID="http://zoobank.org/57A20501-74CF-4E13-874D-4FC21A3C7ECE" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1ED78F42FC8EB7660A47A6E0F3A53DEE" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1, 2, 3, 4
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAB2AF736F7CC56E3F5889DEE3907D60" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="85653BD7497C0D3A459C7EA284F42AD8" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FA6537C8DA7A9959A668EF5E0FD6EFD" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Female holotype (NIBRIV0000304586) and male allotype (NIBRIV0000304587) undissected and preserved in 70% ethanol; female paratype (NIBRIV0000304738) and male paratype (NIBRIV0000304739) dissected on two glass slides; one female paratype and seven male paratypes (NIBRIV0000304293, 1 vial) preserved in 70% ethanol. All specimens were collected from the near-bottom using a light trap at high tide at dusk, on 28 August 2010 by the senior author (S. Y. Moon). The description below is based on the paratypes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FCB5DF050D59F6591F5C010FFAFA1D9" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="26ACD4B73DEC501C0D86A0E60710C4B7" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E42CA5A21127BE4B23A137B9BBCA7CA2" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Geojin fishery port, Gosung-gun, Gangwon-do (approximately
<geoCoordinate id="9057CA4042F3C031A60437BC137FD77B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.449444">38°26'58&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C77DC3BF62A1C688D53FAD153C5AA72B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="128.46277">128°27'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), Korea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1F30F648BDEC04C7FD3049EF6F067D48" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="female">
<paragraph id="50AF6B84E15A31DE059A3B7D0DFCDD10" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Female.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87CF685705ED5DA9F27B95E1169AC8F8" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Body (Fig. 1A, B) robust, length 883
<normalizedToken id="653E5D87AE07CCD228F63752C4CDBA66" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Prosome 5-segmented; cephalosome and first pedigerous somites completely separated; fourth and fifth pedigerous somites completely fused, posterior corners of prosome symmetrical. Rostrum represented by rounded knob. Prosome-urosome ratio 2.42:1. Urosome (Fig. 1C, D) 4-segmented, comprising genital double-somite, two free abdominal somites and anal somite; length ratio of urosome somites as 48.7: 17.0: 19.8: 14.5 = 100. Genital double-somite (Fig. 1C, D) symmetrical with proximolateral margins produced in dorsal aspect (Fig. 1C), asymmetrical in ventral aspect with smooth evenly rounded operculum displaced to the right; double-somite with row of spinules anteriorly on ventral surface and patch of spinules at each side as figured. First and second free abdominal somites with transverse hyaline frill both dorsally and ventrally. Anal somite (Fig. 1C, D) shortest. Caudal rami (Fig. 1C, D), with 6 setae, symmetrical, about 1.35 times longer than wide (43
<normalizedToken id="FFD41600363D3B5DC080D07BB129BEA1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
31
<normalizedToken id="A9098DF090F47D79E853BFF9CB33262E" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), with several rows of spinules on dorsal and ventral surface; caudal seta I absent; seta II reduced; seta VII displaced to medial margin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="67CE35BD58F2BB58DC44D68920EC67F9" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="001B4042D6B14E2FF8AF2DB7FDDB47B5" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName id="4AD7D4279259D8A1AE7DB36E6E014706" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., female paratype. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C urosome, dorsal view D urosome and genital double-somite, ventral view E antennule. Scale bars: A, B = 200
<normalizedToken id="58507A63EB0869FED5B9AB57499D04E7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken id="B15B780D76736AFA6E3DAB60AD664431" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
= 50
<normalizedToken id="5F28B4D24B904503BD682FF26F7ABF30" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BF368B6101CFB11DAE672C17324DCDDE" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Antennules (Fig. 1E) symmetrical, extending beyond distal margin of second urosomite; 24-segmented, with ancestral segments I-II, III-IV, X-XI, and XXVII-XXVIII fused. Segmentation and setation pattern as follows (ancestral segment number-setae+aesthetasc): I-II-3s; III-IV-4s + 1ae, V-2s, VI-2s, VII-2s + 1ae, VIII-2s, IX-2s, X-XI-4s + 1ae, XII-1s, XIII-1s, XIV-2s + 1ae, XV-1s, XVI-2s + 1ae, XVII-1s, XVIII-1s, XIX-1s, XX-1s, XXI-1s + 1ae, XXII-1s, XXIII-1s, XXIV-1s +1s,
<normalizedToken id="81B84D2254467B849FBDBE2982B30A83" originalValue="XXV–">XXV-</normalizedToken>
1s +1s,
<normalizedToken id="4383FA2BA630BF3657DEC5D3AF5FF4A4" originalValue="XXVI–">XXVI-</normalizedToken>
1s +1s,
<normalizedToken id="EB9BEDDEF0B8139B02EE0B460D330BD0" originalValue="XXVII-XXVIII–">XXVII-XXVIII-</normalizedToken>
5s + 1ae. Ancestral segments II, III, V-XII, and XV-XXVI each with row of spinules on posterior surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B529CB46E698F2FFDAA5F8C5CA11B44D" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Antenna (Fig. 2A) biramous; coxa and basis separate, bearing 1 and 2 setae on distomedial angle, respectively; endopod 2-segmented, proximal segment with 2 setae, compound distal segment bilobed with 8 and 7 setae, respectively, outer margin with small serrated process subdistally and tiny spinule adjacent to serrated process; exopod 7-segmented, setal formula 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3.</paragraph>
<caption id="DEC176FB25A09670F54214AB6EBF56FE" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="83D6239D25BE7877E25F258D6D13A72A" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName id="FC0459F056F9712F36CBD06CA1B31906" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., female paratype. A antenna B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped. Scale bars = 50
<normalizedToken id="0185F9C7E42298942123627B20ADB686" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AD382600C44B3C5E1AAADE0160C3AAAA" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Mandible (Fig. 2B) with well developed coxal gnathobase, cutting edge with isolated unicuspid tooth and 7 heterogeneous teeth plus dorsal spinulose seta. Mandibular palp biramous; basis with 4 setae on inner margin. Exopod 5-segmented, setal formula 1, 1, 1, 1, 2; endopod 2-segmented, proximal segment with 4 setae, distal segmentwith 10 setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2216C43BC325F5E4A0FA40875D39635" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Maxillule (Fig. 2C) praecoxa and coxa incompletely fused; praecoxal arthrite with 9 marginal spines plus 4 stiff setae on posterior surface; several rows of tiny spinules on posterior surface as figured. Coxal epipodite with 9 setae; coxal endite with 3 stiff setae. Proximal basal endite with 4 setae; distal basal endite indistinct, with 5 setae; no trace of basal exite. Exopod with 11 marginal setae; row of setules along distal portion of medial margin. Endopod apparently unsegmented with 4, 4, 7 setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="175808CEF0981BD047EB6E9AA3E1E078" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Maxilla (Fig. 2D), indistinctly 6-segmented. Armature of praecoxal and coxal endites as 5, 3, 3, 3, respectively. Basal endite with 4 setae, 1 stouter than rest. Endopod 4-segmented, setal formula 1, 1, 1, 3. Praecoxal, coxal and basal endites with cluster of long spinules subdistally on lateral surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2129BDBBDFE52382553EFB6C7CB94C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Maxilliped (Fig. 2E) syncoxa robust, with setal formula 1, 2, 3, 3 and several oblique rows of tiny spinules as figured; basis with 3 setae and row of setules on medial margin; endopod 6-segmented with proximal segment partially incorporated into basis, setal formula 2, 4, 4, 3, 3+1, 4.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8D5D0D9BC1842E82AAB522BF0D16286" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
P1 to P4 (Fig. 3
<normalizedToken id="57C35DBBB68D2510A78AB88E60F8AB9C" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
) progressively larger towards posterior, each comprising coxa, basis and 3-segmented exopod; endopod of P1 (Fig. 3A) 1-segmented, that of P2 (Fig. 4B) 2-segmented; endopods of P3 (Fig. 3C) and P4 (Fig. 3D) 3-segmented. Endopod of P2-P4 with transverse row of spinules distally on terminal segment. Exopod of P2-P4 with row of spinules on anterior surface of terminal segment. Armature formula of P1-P4 as follows (Roman numerals indicate spines, Arabic numeral indicate setae):
</paragraph>
<caption id="1802CB82FA7E141933040BB74912296A" ID-Table-UUID="1802CB82FA7E141933040BB74912296A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1802CB82FA7E141933040BB74912296A" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="927E0BF7430399443167A16B322B7D7B" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Armature formula of P1-P4.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1DDC5A16D80B380EC22F3B901C43FE86" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<table id="DA2FAE9E310AB9266324459159F03353" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<tr id="8CEC8BC8EA70B226B7D615F4A3B03847" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<th id="750FC5A433247B80600514CC4D583879" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">Legs</th>
<th id="1C5478BF47C369749E0B989E7DB80359" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">Coxa</th>
<th id="97EF4BE9C4D72122DD98AD03916C8D19" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">Basis</th>
<th id="B65C6CC24E624CB2F5655D6677BBF0E9" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">Exopod</th>
<th id="2A6EDC9139A7F26865FE5D1EB1BC4DF0" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">Endopod</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB17D2E572DFEABD1FC12BDC97E311D7" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Fifth legs (Fig. 3E) symmetrical, uniramous, 3-segmented with proximal segment fused to intercoxal sclerite; second segment elongated, 2.62 times longer than wide (42
<normalizedToken id="1218DB572BEB1FC45003A8812B33D6E9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
16
<normalizedToken id="FC7AEB57C5E742FF1C6F185E6838F77A" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), with distomedial angle produced into tiny pointed process. Distal segment elongated, tapering with short spine implanted mid-laterally and coarsely serrated spine incorporated (i.e. non-articulating) to segment distally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECDC531083E9629C051373706B0C3DE8" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="5A035170E0E996A89DC29BDFF5F873C2" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Figure 3.
<taxonomicName id="2E760595DFE1349BB0A2D2CBC436D6A3" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., female paratype. A P1 B P2 C P3 D P4 E fifth legs. Scale bars = 50
<normalizedToken id="C7BA31BD00C4389342139BA969D5846C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9C3677E8B671AE5CB7513833512DD518" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="male">
<paragraph id="C897FB4EA147FB2C231923EB88E1FDEF" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="69287C84E61C962924D5A93D607B6F7E" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Body (Fig. 4A, B) robust, length 819
<normalizedToken id="00E18DCFC2313AC8F22D982BC473A546" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean 821
<normalizedToken id="D84262E55F08276FB4C16A042A3B4AF7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.06, n=4). Prosome 5-segmented; cephalosome and first pedigerous somite almost completely separated; fourth and fifth pedigerous somites completely fused; fifth pedigerous somite symmetrical, with lateral lobe at each side. Rostrum as in female. Prosome-urosome ratio 2.12:1. Urosome 5-segmented, comprising genital somite, three free abdominal somites and anal somite; length ratio of urosomites as 28.3: 20.5: 18.6: 17.0: 15.7 = 100. Genital somite asymmetrical, with lobe protruding anterolaterally on left side. First to third abdominal somites with transverse hyaline frill both dorsally and ventrally. Anal somite shortest. Caudal rami similar to those of the female.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0263974790B8CAA6087F73AD9178B7F4" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="19345499AA826CD29E00497893651447" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName id="807BF785BDBABFAE786A41A53269CA18" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., male paratype. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C antennule D fifth legs. Scale bars: A, B = 200
<normalizedToken id="0D3AF714DD0BB2034A9104228CA1B65F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; C, D = 50
<normalizedToken id="93AE049F5595A1DF4B58CA020976F970" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3E61AD8F0D01F4FB4492DA47B32E5300" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Antennules (Fig. 4C) extending beyond distal margin of second urosomite, non-geniculate, 24-segmented with failure to express articulations between ancestral segments I-IV (although vestige of articulation between segments II and III expressed dorsally), X-XI and XXVII-XXVIII. Segmentation and setation pattern as follows (ancestral segment number-setae+aesthetasc): I-II - 3s + 2ae,
<normalizedToken id="47EBAE7A9C41A3FEE2106D922DAEEC78" originalValue="III-IV–">III-IV-</normalizedToken>
4s +3ae,
<normalizedToken id="C127ED25E86EC54E98D7936F87FCD7E1" originalValue="V–">V-</normalizedToken>
2s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="51A0C09FA73C8AF52E120A3A9CC93E24" originalValue="VI–">VI-</normalizedToken>
2s+1ae,
<normalizedToken id="477A0F37BB72B98D6A512F17F9E027A4" originalValue="VII–">VII-</normalizedToken>
2s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="59F69FA6B77EF4742A88763130165AB8" originalValue="VIII–">VIII-</normalizedToken>
2s+1ae,
<normalizedToken id="AED23A5632D23C93EFB281C2DC7922DA" originalValue="IX–">IX-</normalizedToken>
2s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="4165E578682EE32FD2A15A7AA4F97A61" originalValue="X-XI–">X-XI-</normalizedToken>
4s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="806998F241E51DD35103C632ED8463DA" originalValue="XII–">XII-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="377C0721390FA853A89FF9FB4A927FEC" originalValue="XIII–">XIII-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="1955576DACB421D6B5C3247AF62D2CD8" originalValue="XIV–">XIV-</normalizedToken>
2s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="7FABEFB095E9120489E28D9BCC66BC84" originalValue="XV–">XV-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="35D3A977BDE1C3392F71489994418E23" originalValue="XVI–">XVI-</normalizedToken>
2s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="630E100DDAF25ED74FEDB5589A10186A" originalValue="XVII–">XVII-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="E99084673990F8A5B1194E15E04F315E" originalValue="XVIII–">XVIII-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="CF3663D6D6387649BE737E666BE220B0" originalValue="XIX–">XIX-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="84F48E970D547FCC93DA809470D849B7" originalValue="XX–">XX-</normalizedToken>
1s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="21F3EB35460DE63C3E647E43649679F1" originalValue="XXI–">XXI-</normalizedToken>
1s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="E76AC3BB3D182D5D287371753A792925" originalValue="XXII–">XXII-</normalizedToken>
1s,
<normalizedToken id="A22019C0D470256FE5F282D74FF2380D" originalValue="XXIII–">XXIII-</normalizedToken>
1s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="BEAE4E3F8D09C206D5CDE26CCD0FFA9F" originalValue="XXIV–">XXIV-</normalizedToken>
1s +1s + 1ae,
<normalizedToken id="256BBA4C0F759AFA4D9C57887E799AE2" originalValue="XXV–">XXV-</normalizedToken>
1s +1s,
<normalizedToken id="3313159B687EC4684481051C6DE9215A" originalValue="XXVI–">XXVI-</normalizedToken>
1s +1s,
<normalizedToken id="631EC7CFDEB2EAC6B23A1F5ABE0FB008" originalValue="XXVII-XXVIII–">XXVII-XXVIII-</normalizedToken>
5s+ 1ae. Ancestral segments V-IX, XI and XV-XXVI each with row of spinules on posterior surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47431E6BB6C89B6D54BBF3730750A385" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, maxilliped and P1-P4 similar to those of female. Fifth legs (Fig. 4D) strongly asymmetrical, uniramous and filiform. Left leg 5-segmented, shorter than right counterpart; second segment with blunt prominence medially; third and fourth segments elongated, about equal in length; distal segment reduced, with row of seven unequal long and 13 short hyaline lamellae disposed as figured. Right leg 4-segmented; third segment very elongated with short, curved proximolateral spur-like process; distal segment elongated and curved, bifid with short inner branch.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="720FA0BB6EC5314515A6402243CCECE3" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A64473DD62FC2ABA0E7C2B3F7196AF25" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E388F5AB8F6D82F4B5D46BF5E8D94C88" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">The specific name geojinensis is taken after the type locality Geojin Port, Gosung-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0C729DB0CE766B49690AA6087291C04" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F4081B36FFD601FC9FEBE48210236D67" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7F7339D0BFB5DDCD5BB509F3D850C04" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="241DE7E8721F7B4AD5E6B9DF43BA0CFA" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is easily recognizable by the display of the following five diagnostic features: (1) female genital double-somite with protruding proximolateral margins in dorsal aspect; (2) genital double-somite with row of spinules anteriorly on ventral surface and patch of spinules at each side; (3) basis and distal segment of P5 elongated in female; (4) distal segment tapering with short spine implanted mid-laterally and coarsely serrated spine incorporated to segment distally in female P5; and (5) male right P5 distal segment elongated and curved, bifid with short inner branch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2FD7969F63462EFBEF55C3B37C3C7A4" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="787C629DF18EBA336376BC9D7F69E888" author="Bradford-Grieve, JM" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="13 - 27" title="New species of benthopelagic coepods of the genus Stephos (Calanoida: Stephidae) from Wellington Harbour, New Zealand." url="10.1080/00288330.1999.9516853" volume="33" year="1999">Bradford-Grieve (1999)</bibRefCitation>
divided the species of
<taxonomicName id="F0748595FC55637B903BEF1642E16BE6" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken id="0A70167BEF656C6E9216773FC58E3705" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" start="start">Stephos</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
in four groups based on the morphology of the male fifth legs.
<taxonomicName id="0F2482B8F38B22D63901ED4C1900B2B6" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos geojinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geojinensis">Stephos geojinensis</taxonomicName>
falls within a &quot;group IV&quot; characterized by a 4-segmented male right P5 combined with a left leg with a narrow fourth segment. This group includes eight species from the western Pacific and the Atlantic:
<taxonomicName id="8C8121177295B13385C9AFCB9F9469F0" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos angulatus" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus">Stephos angulatus</taxonomicName>
Bradford-Grieve, 1999,
<taxonomicName id="68F8CE8A50BC472C2B3CD22090D0377B" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos marsalensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marsalensis">Stephos marsalensis</taxonomicName>
Costanzo, Campolmi &amp; Zagami, 2000,
<taxonomicName id="EB73E5DF19CE1520B247D575EC8E9ACA" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos morii" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">Stephos morii</taxonomicName>
Greenwood, 1978,
<taxonomicName id="307CCBF625915EB7EDCB59ED1133EA80" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos pacificus" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">Stephos pacificus</taxonomicName>
Ohtsuka &amp; Hiromi, 1987,
<taxonomicName id="B8F0A890940BB95D4E663635FFE05F88" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos pentacanthos" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentacanthos">Stephos pentacanthos</taxonomicName>
Chen &amp; Zhang, 1965,
<taxonomicName id="DF5379DB859A1CAEDB480C4002FDBC99" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos rustadi" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustadi">Stephos rustadi</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="FE40F32FC7AD497CB11E266D22C1D2E1" originalValue="Strömgren">Stroemgren</normalizedToken>
, 1969,
<taxonomicName id="5AA781A225E7B3D5D7273A482E17613C" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos tsuyazakiensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsuyazakiensis">Stephos tsuyazakiensis</taxonomicName>
Tanaka, 1967, and
<taxonomicName id="35E94B4460A79EE1583A46F36E0DD73A" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos vivesi" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vivesi">Stephos vivesi</taxonomicName>
Jaume, Boxshall &amp;
<normalizedToken id="FEB8CE2EC32A86BB82A6FA0DB9E53993" originalValue="Gràcia">Gracia</normalizedToken>
, 2008 (see Table 1 in
<bibRefCitation id="E312C9505731130D5A5527B6209B2984" author="Bradford-Grieve, JM" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="13 - 27" title="New species of benthopelagic coepods of the genus Stephos (Calanoida: Stephidae) from Wellington Harbour, New Zealand." url="10.1080/00288330.1999.9516853" volume="33" year="1999">Bradford-Grieve 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2E2E800347CA4C0D31D3CD36B57DE4EA" author="Costanzo, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Plankton Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="2007 - 2014" title="Stephosmarsalensis new species (Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from coastal waters of Sicily, Italy." url="10.1093/plankt/22.10.2007" volume="22" year="2000">Costanzo et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5000E85909A2BE41E179F17DD9F15A85" author="Jaume, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="503 - 520" title="Stephos (Copepoda: Calanoida: Stephidae) from Balearic caves (W Mediterranean)." url="10.1017/S1477200008002764" volume="6" year="2008">Jaume et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50B549D9EDEA88FF121000656A2D938B" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
The male fifth legs are diagnostic to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="D6F8A395705347A169EA640473B86A44" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos goejinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goejinensis">Stephos goejinensis</taxonomicName>
from other congeners in this group. Thus,
<taxonomicName id="E9C041997037AD9D04DCFF5F32E6B565" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos angulatus" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus">Stephos angulatus</taxonomicName>
is easily differentiated from the new species by the more developed inner branch of thebifid distal segment of the right P5, and by the distal segment of the left male P5 with only three elongate hyaline lamellae and a rounded cluster of short spinules (see
<bibRefCitation id="1E118C0F6CC604E3925E1F5BE8EAF62E" author="Bradford-Grieve, JM" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="13 - 27" title="New species of benthopelagic coepods of the genus Stephos (Calanoida: Stephidae) from Wellington Harbour, New Zealand." url="10.1080/00288330.1999.9516853" volume="33" year="1999">Bradford-Grieve 1999</bibRefCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName id="D2C8A90FE5B5026D40C5A8E017B374AE" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos marsalensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marsalensis">Stephos marsalensis</taxonomicName>
, the distal segment of right male P5 is not bifid whereas there are only 5 lamellate hyaline processes on the distal segment of left male P5 (see
<bibRefCitation id="CF86BE2CAE907BEF779A83C4B4D07484" author="Costanzo, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Plankton Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="2007 - 2014" title="Stephosmarsalensis new species (Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from coastal waters of Sicily, Italy." url="10.1093/plankt/22.10.2007" volume="22" year="2000">Costanzo et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5363AFABD669100BFBBFAB89BC8A19A4" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="BBD740F1F206D2D9BB3CD8529C6FD0BE" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos morii" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">Stephos morii</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species in having the right P5 pseudochelate with a large inner branch on the distal segment,and the left leg carrying about 5 lamellate processes on the distal segment, which is produced into a long spinous process about 1.6 times longer than the segment (see
<bibRefCitation id="03AED4D554182D5A0DF013DA1343BF39" author="Greenwood, JG" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" title="A replacement name Stephosmorii proposed for the preoccupied name S. tropicus (Copepoda, Calanoida)." volume="89" year="1978">Greenwood 1978</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="AA9C9B68D457F924BA12E4755C2B5DAE" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos tropicus" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicus">Stephos tropicus</taxonomicName>
). In
<taxonomicName id="C58DA32E477EAED0D2EB2F7A10D92A53" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos pacificus" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">Stephos pacificus</taxonomicName>
, the distal segment of the right leg is not bifid and is bordered by a narrow lamella, whereas the left leg carries three terminal and two subterminal lamellate processes on the distal segment (see
<bibRefCitation id="3F1EFEDF749111B26951526E17F6B8D4" author="Ohtsuka, S" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="219 - 232" title="Calanoid copepods collected from the near-bottom in Tanabe Bay on the Pacific coast of the middle Honshu, Japan. III. Stephidae." volume="32" year="1987">Ohtsuka and Hiromi 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDECABD4FD9455AB4AF4B06BA2ABE110" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="174AE95BDD5BA3B67162995038981F18" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos rustadi" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustadi">Stephos rustadi</taxonomicName>
is easily separated from the new species by having the segment 3 of the right leg slightly shorter than segment 4, which terminates in a finely serrated claw-like structure, whereas the left leg carries two strong hook-like processes on the terminal segment, the larger one bifid (see
<bibRefCitation id="0DFEC199F4CEFF3B7C3C1056E3BA8201" author="Stroemgren, T" journalOrPublisher="Sarsia" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 8" title="A new species of Stephos (Copepoda, Calanoida) from the Norwegian west coast." url="10.1080/00364827.1969.10411141" volume="37" year="1969">
<normalizedToken id="0F4370D2DA2AA70386969A634DFB9C47" originalValue="Strömgren">Stroemgren</normalizedToken>
1969
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E20BAE57660D3886BA5D80B858D0F2F0" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="B2CCC4086417AA2A0686AB1FB8AED834" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos pentacanthos" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentacanthos">Stephos pentacanthos</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D1316D269B714D11138ECC8FA78D457B" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos tsuyazakiensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsuyazakiensis">Stephos tsuyazakiensis</taxonomicName>
share with the new species the same ornamentation on the male P5, but the new species has 7 unequal long and 13 short hyaline lamellae on the distal segment of left leg and a bifid distal segment with a short inner branch on right leg (
<bibRefCitation id="BEEACBF42765376E48814D53C3484293" author="Chen, QC" journalOrPublisher="Studia Marina Sinica" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="20 - 131" title="The planktonic copepods of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. 1. Calanoida." volume="7" year="1965">Chen and Zhang 1965</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EE63869D5742F804C9941407DEB2ACD5" author="Tanaka, O" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, Symposium on Crustacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="38 - 50" title="Neritic CopepodaCalanoida from the north-west coast of Kyushu." volume="1" year="1966">Tanaka 1966</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B123094BCB90D9569D98EDBAB76D3DFD" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
Finally,
<taxonomicName id="45DB2CA8F6DCAE66BA6894FF16C6B0DB" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos vivesi" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vivesi">Stephos vivesi</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="39C0737C8D984AE6448D39EE85F350B8" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos goejinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goejinensis">Stephos goejinensis</taxonomicName>
based on the male right fifth leg distal segment, which is spatulate and displays two rounded outgrowths proximally on the anterior surface (vs. segment not spatulate, slender and bifid in
<taxonomicName id="FC722D92BF11012FF3D662DF1281A7BF" class="Copepoda" family="Stephidae" genus="Stephos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephos goejinensis" order="Calanoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goejinensis">Stephos goejinensis</taxonomicName>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="74C2688AF1182652232D91C94F052F4D" author="Jaume, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="503 - 520" title="Stephos (Copepoda: Calanoida: Stephidae) from Balearic caves (W Mediterranean)." url="10.1017/S1477200008002764" volume="6" year="2008">Jaume et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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