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<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C8FC9C433CA5FE1B" bold="true" box="[151,418,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ranitomeya reticulata</emphasis>
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species group
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<figureCitation id="0DA12A1B956F1574C8FC9CA13DE3FE3B" box="[151,228,399,423]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="23.[151,244,1397,1418]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,167,1383]" captionTargetId="figure-307@23.[151,1436,167,1383]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 3. A consensus Bayesian phylogeny based on 1011 base pairs of aligned mitochondrial DNA sequences of the 12S (12s rRNA), 16S (16s rRNA) and cytb (cytochrome-b gene) regions. Thickened branches represent nodes with posterior probabilities 90 and greater, other values are shown on nodes. Taxon labels depict current specific epithet, number in tree, the epithet being used prior to this revision (contained in parentheses), and the collection locality. A. Top segment. B. Middle segment. C. Bottom segment of phylogeny." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5244220/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="0DA12A1B956F1574C89A9CA13C06FE3B" box="[241,257,399,423]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="24.[151,244,1452,1473]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,206,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-261@24.[151,1436,195,1431]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 4. Putative species tree for Andinobates, Excidobates, and Ranitomeya. Placement of species where molecular data were lacking (A. altobueyensis, A. viridis, A. abditus, A. daleswansoni and R. opisthomelas) was based on morphology. Andinobates altobueyensis and A. viridis were placed as sister taxa due to the absence of dark pigmentation on dorsal body and limbs and overall similar dorsal coloration and patterning. These species were placed as sister to A. fulguritus (sequenced) on the basis of similar dorsal coloration (bright green to greenish-yellow). Andinobates opisthomelas was placed in the bombetes group in a polytomy with A. bombetes and A. virolinensis (both sequenced) due to their similar advertisement calls and morphology, particularly their red dorsal pattern and marbled venter. Andinobates daleswansoni was placed as sister to A. dorisswansonae due to the absence of a well-defined first toe in both species. Andinobates abditus was placed in the bombetes group based on a larval synapomorphy which appears to be diagnostic of that group (wide medial gap in the papillae on the posterior labium). However, A. abditus was placed as the sister species to all other members of the bombetes group due to the absence of bright dorsal coloration and isolated geographic distribution. Andinobates abditus is currently the only species of its genus known to occur in the east-Andean versant, thus its placement remains speculative until molecular data become available. Photo credits: Thomas Ostrowski, Karl-Heinz Jungfer, Victor Luna-Mora, Giovanni Chaves-Portilla." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5244223/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="0DA12A1B956F1574C9669CA13C1AFE3B" box="[269,285,399,423]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="39.[151,244,1424,1445]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,606,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-326@39.[151,1436,553,1404]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 9. Known elevation distributions of Ranitomeya. Dotted line is mean for all samples. Dark boxes display the total elevation range of each species, within each contains a corresponding box plot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5244239/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="0DA12A1B956F1574C9429CA13C68FE3B" box="[297,367,399,424]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStart-2="FIGURE 17" captionStart-3="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="48.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionStartId-1="49.[151,250,1861,1884]" captionStartId-2="50.[151,250,1144,1167]" captionStartId-3="53.[151,244,975,996]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1423,154,1836]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1423,153,1834]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1423,155,1124]" captionTargetBox-3="[155,1426,202,941]" captionTargetId-0="figure-161@48.[151,1436,139,1846]" captionTargetId-1="figure-152@49.[151,1436,141,1849]" captionTargetId-2="figure-423@50.[151,1436,145,1132]" captionTargetId-3="figure-372@53.[151,1436,193,954]" captionTargetPageId-0="48" captionTargetPageId-1="49" captionTargetPageId-2="50" captionTargetPageId-3="53" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Ranitomeya Plate 3. reticulata group: A–D: Ranitomeya benedicta (all from Peru); A–B: Shucushuyacu, Loreto (1Φ); C-D: Pampa Hermosa, Loreto. E–L: Ranitomeya fantastica (all from Peru); E: Yurimaguas, Loreto; F: near Yumbatos, San Martin; G: Pongo de Cainarachi, San Martin (Ω); H: Cainarachi Valley, San Martin (Ω); I: San Antonio, San Martin (KS); J: Tarapoto, San Martin (Ω); K: Santa María de Nieva, Loreto (K.-H. Jungfer, 1Φ); L: Lower Huallaga Canyon, San Martin (Ω). M &amp; N: Ranitomeya summersi (all from San Martin, Peru); M: Chazuta (3Φ); N: Sauce (Ω). O–R: Ranitomeya reticulata (all from Loreto, Peru); O-P: Iquitos (Ω); Q: Puerto Almendras (PPP); R: Upper Rio Itaya (PPP). (nΦ= number of individual in phylogeny, Ω = population sampled in phylogeny)." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Ranitomeya Plate 4. reticulata group: A–G: Ranitomeya reticulata (all from Loreto, Peru); A: Lower Rio Itaya (Ω); B–D: Upper Itaya Drainage; E-F: Rio Sucusari (KS); G: 30 km west of Pevas (MSR). H–M: Ranitomeya ventrimaculata: H: Kapawi, Pastaza, EC (L. Coloma, 7Φ); I: Upper Curaray Drainage, Loreto, PE (PPP); J: Yasuní, Orellana, EC (A. Blasco Z., Ω); K: central Rio Nanay (M. Callegari, 6Φ); L: Holotype at MCZ, Sarayacu, Pastaza, Ecuador; M: Yasuní, Orellana, EC (J. Yeager, Ω); N: Yasuní, Orellana, EC (S. Ron, Ω). O &amp; P: Ranitomeya uakarii (all from Loreto, Peru): O: Tamshiyacu village (8Φ) P: Quebrada Blanco (12Φ). (nΦ = number of individual in phylogeny;Ω = population sampled in phylogeny)." captionText-2="FIGURE 17. Ranitomeya Plate 5. reticulata group: A–I: Ranitomeya uakarii: A: Central Rio Yavari, Loreto, Peru (PPP); B: Quebrada Blanco, Loreto, Peru (PPP, Ω); C: Rio Boncuya, Loreto, Peru (G. Gagliardi); D: Tournavista, Huánuco (A. Toebe); E: Porto Walter, Acre, Brazil (JPC); F: Rio Los Amigos, Madre de Dios, Peru (RVM); G: R. uakarii sp. aff. Caquetá, Colombia (J. M. Rengifo); H: R. uakarii sp. aff. Iwokrama, Guyana (unknown photographer); I: Guzmania bromeliad with R. uakarii embryos near Tamshiyacu village, Loreto, Peru. (Ω = population sampled in phylogeny)." captionText-3="FIGURE 18. Advertisement calls of Ranitomeya species in the fantastica group. A. Ranitomeya reticulata from Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, recorded at 29° C; B. Ranitomeya ventrimaculata, unknown locality or temperature; C. Ranitomeya fantastica from Cainarachi valley, San Martín, Peru, recorded at 24° C; D. Ranitomeya summersi from Sauce, San Martín, Peru, recorded in captivity at 24.5° C; E. Ranitomeya benedicta from Shucushuyacu, Loreto, Peru, recorded in captivity at 26.5° C; F. Ranitomeya uakarii from Rio Tahuayo, Loreto, Peru, recorded in captivity at 26° C." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244259" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244263" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244265" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244269" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5244259/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5244263/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5244265/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5244269/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
15 
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C92E9CBE3C54FE34" bold="true" box="[325,339,400,424]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
18
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<tableCitation id="D8180325956F1574C8FC9C9A3DF3FE50" box="[151,244,436,460]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="12.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1A (continued on next page). Currently accepted taxa (based on Frost et al. 2011). History of alpha-taxonomic and species group (in parentheses) classification of taxa in the genera Ranitomeya and Andinobates. Dendrobates (minutus)* = by implication, &quot;+&quot; species which were not described at the time of classification, &quot;*&quot; species which were not acknowledged by the authors." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tables 1</tableCitation>
, 
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6
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A monophyletic assemblage of six species: 
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<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CAEB9CD83E7EFD91" box="[640,889,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ranitomeya reticulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10B4B6F956F1574CB149CDB3934FD91" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[895,1075,501,525]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="635 - 638" refId="ref74391" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1884 &quot; 1883 &quot;) On a collection of frogs from Yurimaguas, Huallaga River, Northern Peru. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883, 635 - 638, 1 colour pl, 1 B &amp; W pl." type="book chapter" year="1884">Boulenger 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
“1883” with its junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574C8FC9F373C80FDB3" authority="Melin 1941" authorityName="Melin" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,391,535,560]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Ranitomeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignea">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C8FC9F373DF1FDB3" box="[151,246,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. ignea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10B4B6F956F1574C96B9F393C80FDB3" author="Melin, D. E." box="[256,391,535,559]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref77423" refString="Melin, D. E. (1941) Contributions to the knowledge of the Amphibia of South America. Goteborgs Kungl. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhetssamhalles. Handlingar. Serien B, Matematiska och Naturvetenskapliga Skrifter, 1, 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1941">Melin 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574C9FD9F373FECFDB3" authority="Boulenger, 1884" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1884" box="[406,747,535,560]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Ranitomeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fantastica">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C9FD9F373F21FDAC" box="[406,550,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. fantastica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10B4B6F956F1574CA449F393FECFDB3" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[559,747,535,559]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="635 - 638" refId="ref74391" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1884 &quot; 1883 &quot;) On a collection of frogs from Yurimaguas, Huallaga River, Northern Peru. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883, 635 - 638, 1 colour pl, 1 B &amp; W pl." type="book chapter" year="1884">Boulenger, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
“1883”; 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574CB3C9F3739B9FDB3" authority="Shreve 1935" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1935" box="[855,1214,535,560]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Ranitomeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CB3C9F373925FDAC" box="[855,1058,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10B4B6F956F1574CC479F3939B9FDB3" author="Shreve, B." box="[1068,1214,535,559]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="209 - 218" refId="ref78874" refString="Shreve, B. (1935) On a new Teiid and Amphibia from Panama, Ecuador, and Paraguay. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 8, 209 - 218." type="journal article" year="1935">Shreve 1935</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574CCA79F373CC3FDCE" authority="Brown, Schulte &amp; Summers 2006" authorityName="Brown, Schulte &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Dendrobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uakarii">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CCA79F373838FDAC" box="[1228,1343,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. uakarii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10B4B6F956F1574CD229F363CC3FDCE" author="Brown, J. L. &amp; Schulte, R. &amp; Summers, K." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 58" refId="ref74774" refString="Brown, J. L., Schulte, R. &amp; Summers, K. (2006) A new species of Dendrobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Amazonian lowlands in Peru. Zootaxa, 45 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2006">Brown, Schulte &amp; Summers 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574C9B89F1539D7FDCE" authority="Brown, Twomey, Pepper &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez 2008" authorityName="Brown, Twomey, Pepper &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez" authorityYear="2008" box="[467,1232,570,595]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Ranitomeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="summersi">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C9B89F153F66FDCE" box="[467,609,571,594]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. summersi</emphasis>
Brown, Twomey, Pepper &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez 2008
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="529A4D1D956F1574CD679F153FF4FDE9" authority="Brown, Twomey, Pepper, &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez 2008" authorityName="Brown, Twomey, Pepper, &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez" authorityYear="2008" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Ranitomeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benedicta">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CD679F15389BFDCF" box="[1292,1436,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. benedicta</emphasis>
Brown, Twomey, Pepper, &amp; Sanchez-Rodriguez 2008
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DD806515956F1574C8AC9F513FD3FCB6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9525369E956F1574C8AC9F513FD3FCB6" blockId="47.[151,1436,501,810]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C8AC9F513CFCFD05" bold="true" box="[199,507,639,665]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="25F23CC3956F1574CA699FAE3FD7FCB6" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="LTRF 2" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-egg="5">
Medium to large adult 
<collectionCode id="F38BAE5B956F1574CB679FAE3E44FD06" box="[780,835,640,666]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">SVL</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="52629B7B956F1574CB389FAE3ED3FD06" box="[851,980,640,666]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="17.0">
17 
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CB1A9FAF3E78FD04" box="[881,895,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
21 mm
</quantity>
); black dorsum; typically orange to red dorsal patterning; 
<specimenCode id="C53C9EE5956F1574C9079F8A3CCEFD22" box="[364,457,676,702]" collectionCode="LTRF" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">LTRF 2</specimenCode>
(2)/3, oral disc emarginate; large intestine entirely pigmented; eggs dark; promiscuous mating system, male parental care; grayish tadpoles and embryos, females produce between 2 
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CD7E9FE73824FD7C" box="[1301,1315,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="839CFD17956F1574CD489FE63869FD7E" box="[1315,1390,712,738]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="egg">5 eggs</specimenCount>
per mating. Vocalizations consist of a series of very short buzz-like notes (0.1 
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574CC659FC0391BFC99" box="[1038,1052,750,773]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
0.5 sec in length) given in rapid succession (104 
<emphasis id="A7EEEA8C956F1574C93A9E3F3C58FCB4" box="[337,351,785,808]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
200 notes per minute) (
<figureCitation id="0DA12A1B956F1574CA049E3E3FC1FCB6" box="[623,710,784,810]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="53.[151,244,975,996]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,202,941]" captionTargetId="figure-372@53.[151,1436,193,954]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 18. Advertisement calls of Ranitomeya species in the fantastica group. A. Ranitomeya reticulata from Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, recorded at 29° C; B. Ranitomeya ventrimaculata, unknown locality or temperature; C. Ranitomeya fantastica from Cainarachi valley, San Martín, Peru, recorded at 24° C; D. Ranitomeya summersi from Sauce, San Martín, Peru, recorded in captivity at 24.5° C; E. Ranitomeya benedicta from Shucushuyacu, Loreto, Peru, recorded in captivity at 26.5° C; F. Ranitomeya uakarii from Rio Tahuayo, Loreto, Peru, recorded in captivity at 26° C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5244269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5244269/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>