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<mods:title id="674502CDAE54B3FF5AF536084B3F18AC">Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species, and Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906, two mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from Zhenbei Seamount in the South China Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2CCF59824CBB1A15890C54AE793BBE05">Li, Yang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="957866D080D14847981C2DEC16C573DE">Xu, Kuidong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="91157C60367A1C7E097BF225DE4D023E">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7AE2F013300ECEC76B8C837C21F7548F">
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<mods:date id="0A66DAB4A6C918E4E5E36E4553D083AA">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F9AC65E3C0EE38B5B1BF6E03C098B827">2023-11-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0E095AFD8EA40B67BCD19355034BB781">71</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CBBB8A037D2631216854E5C1ABA60DA4" type="DOI">10.26107/RBZ-2023-0050</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C301F4EA9862FFA76197FB68F57AFB2E" box="[941,1368,1244,1269]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA76197FB68F57AFB2E" blockId="6.[941,1368,1244,1269]" box="[941,1368,1244,1269]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<heading id="D0EC100D9862FFA76197FB68F57AFB2E" bold="true" box="[941,1368,1244,1269]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE29862FFA76197FB68F57AFB2E" ID-CoL="KWGB" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[941,1368,1244,1269]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76197FB68F57AFB2E" bold="true" box="[941,1368,1244,1269]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76197FB68F48AFB2F" bold="true" box="[941,1192,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA7668BFB69F57AFB2E" author="Versluys J" box="[1201,1368,1245,1269]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C301F4EA9862FFA7667DFAA9F49CFAEE" box="[1095,1214,1309,1333]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA7667DFAA9F49CFAEE" blockId="6.[1095,1214,1309,1333]" box="[1095,1214,1309,1333]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1320BBE49862FFA76675FAA9F494FAEE" box="[1103,1206,1309,1333]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="7.[113,148,2035,2057]" captionStartId-1="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" captionStartId-2="9.[113,148,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox-0="[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetBox-2="[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetId-0="figure-10@7.[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetId-1="figure-7@8.[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetId-2="figure-45@9.[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="Fig. 6. Morphology of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, MBM286427 in situ; B, clonies in aggregation with MBM286428 in the most right; C, MBM286427 in preservation; D, MBM286428 in preservation; E, siphonozooids; F, transverse section through middle anthostele of MBM286427, showing pharynx and mesenteries. Scale bars = 10 mm (C, D), 0.5 mm (E), and 5 mm (F)." captionText-1="Fig. 7. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 8. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from pharynx; B, sclerites from outermost anthostelar coenenchyme; C, sclerites from deeper layer of coenenchyme; D, sclerites from holdfast. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271901" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271909" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10271901/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10271909/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Figs. 6‒8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C301F4EA9862FFA76179FAEFF39CF9C5" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA76179FAEFF471FA71" blockId="6.[835,1475,1371,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B804F9862FFA76179FAEFF471FA71" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA76179FAEFF53BFAAA" author="Versluys J" box="[835,1305,1371,1393]" page="553" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1906">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE29862FFA76179FAEFF53BFAAA" ID-CoL="KWGB" authority="Versluys, 1906: 549 - 553" authorityName="Versluys" authorityPageNumber="549 - 553" authorityYear="1906" box="[835,1305,1371,1393]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76179FAEFF43EFAAB" box="[835,1052,1371,1392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA76619FAEFF53BFAAA" author="Versluys J" box="[1059,1305,1371,1393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906: 549‒553</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA76718FAEFF3B2FA56" author="Kinoshita K" page="121" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1911">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA76718FAEFF3B2FA56" author="Kinoshita K" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="121 - 124" refId="ref4618" refString="Kinoshita K (1911) Chinki naru hassha-sango Bathyalcyon. On the rare octocoral Bathyalcyon. Dobutsugaku Zasshi (Zool. Magaz.), 23 (269): 121 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Kinoshita, 1911: 121</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA761A6FACDF473FA56" author="Totton AK" box="[924,1105,1400,1422]" page="107" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1933">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA761A6FACDF473FA56" author="Totton AK" box="[924,1105,1400,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="107 - 109" refId="ref5074" refString="Totton AK (1933) A rare deep-sea alcyonarian polyp. Natural History Magazine London, 4 (27): 107 - 109." type="journal article" year="1933">Totton, 1933: 107</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA76664FACCF4CEFA56" author="Bock S" box="[1118,1260,1400,1422]" page="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA76664FACCF4CEFA56" author="Bock S" box="[1118,1260,1400,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref4260" refString="Bock S (1938) The alcyonarian genus Bathyalcyon. KungligaSvenka Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (Tredje Serien), 16 (5): 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1938">Bock, 1938: 4</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA766C3FACCF59CFA56" author="Utinomi H" box="[1273,1470,1400,1422]" page="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA766C3FACCF59CFA56" author="Utinomi H" box="[1273,1470,1400,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref5147" refString="Utinomi H (1960) Noteworthy octocorals collected off the southwest coast of Kii Peninsula, middle Japan, part 1. Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 8 (1): 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1960">Utinomi, 1960: 7‒9</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA76153FA21F46DFA71" author="Molodtsova TN" box="[873,1103,1429,1451]" page="492" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA76153FA21F46DFA71" author="Molodtsova TN" box="[873,1103,1429,1451]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="488 - 515" refId="ref4895" refString="Molodtsova TN (2013) Deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) of the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Marine Biology Research, 9 (5 - 6): 488 - 515." type="journal article" year="2013">Molodtsova, 2013: 492</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA7617FFA06F3BEFA3F" blockId="6.[835,1475,1371,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B804F9862FFA7617FFA06F3BEFA3F" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE29862FFA7617FFA06F493FA1C" baseAuthorityName="Versluys" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[837,1201,1458,1479]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum" subGenus="Bathyalcyon">
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA7617FFA06F3E3FA1C" box="[837,961,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Anthomastus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA761F5FA06F465FA1C" box="[975,1095,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA7666CFA06F493FA1C" box="[1110,1201,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">robustum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA766F1FA06F5A2FA1C" author="Bayer FM" box="[1227,1408,1458,1479]" page="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA766F1FA06F5A2FA1C" author="Bayer FM" box="[1227,1408,1458,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993: 8‒10</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(part), pl. 9.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA76179FA5FF39CF9C5" blockId="6.[835,1475,1371,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B804F9862FFA76179FA5FF39CF9C5" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA81709862FFA76179FA5FF59CF9DA" author="Bayer FM" box="[835,1470,1515,1537]" page="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" year="1993">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE29862FFA76179FA5FF59CF9DA" authority="Bayer, 1993: 8 - 10" authorityName="Bayer" authorityPageNumber="8 - 10" authorityYear="1993" box="[835,1470,1515,1537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subGenus="Bathyalcyon" subSpecies="delta">
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76179FA5FF3E3F9DB" box="[835,961,1515,1536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Anthomastus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA761E9FA5FF46FF9DB" box="[979,1101,1515,1536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA7665AFA5FF4D4F9DB" box="[1120,1270,1515,1536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">robustum delta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909862FFA7673AFA58F59CF9DA" author="Bayer FM" box="[1280,1470,1516,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993: 8‒10</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pls. 6‒8.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C301F4EA9862FFA76179F9F2F384F8E5" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="materials_examined">
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|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA76179F9F2F384F8E5" blockId="6.[835,1474,1606,1854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76179F9F2F405F985" bold="true" box="[835,1063,1606,1630]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B73AD3C9862FFA7660AF9F2F52EF965" collectingDate="2022-07-21" collectionCode="MBM" elevation="537" latitude="15.0585" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.553665" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" specimenCode="MBM286427" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DBBD0F1A9862FFA7660AF9F2F4E7F985" box="[1072,1221,1606,1630]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">MBM286427</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D1D6CE89862FFA766E9F9F2F571F985" box="[1235,1363,1606,1630]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
, collected on
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA581A19862FFA7615FF9D2F3CCF9A5" box="[869,1006,1638,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" value="2022-07-21">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFE178499862FFA7615FF9D2F3CCF9A5" box="[869,1006,1638,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" value="2022-07-21">21 July 2022</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
from the station FX-Dive 309 (
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FC1A69862FFA7677BF9D1F59CF9A5" box="[1345,1470,1637,1662]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="03.51" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" precision="9" value="15.0585">15°03.51′N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FC1A69862FFA76179F931F3EBF945" box="[835,969,1669,1694]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="33.22" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" precision="9" value="116.553665">116°33.22′E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
) of Zhenbei Seamount with water depth of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A849862FFA767A0F932F37AF965" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.37" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" unit="m" value="537.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="003640529862FFA767A0F932F37AF965" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.37" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" unit="m" value="537.0">537 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(temperature 8.04°C), attached on stone
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B73AD3C9862FFA7672CF912F381F8E5" collectingDate="2022-07-27" collectionCode="MBM" elevation="552" latitude="15.078834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.5645" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" specimenCode="MBM286428" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DBBD0F1A9862FFA7672CF912F588F965" box="[1302,1450,1702,1726]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">MBM286428</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D1D6CE89862FFA7678FF912F388F905" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
, collected on
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA581A19862FFA7667CF972F4F7F905" box="[1094,1237,1734,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" value="2022-07-27">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFE178499862FFA7667CF972F4F7F905" box="[1094,1237,1734,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" value="2022-07-27">27 July 2022</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
from the station FXDive 315 (
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FC1A69862FFA76183F951F414F925" box="[953,1078,1765,1790]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="04.73" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" precision="9" value="15.078834">15°04.73′N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FC1A69862FFA76679F951F4EBF925" box="[1091,1225,1765,1790]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="33.87" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" precision="9" value="116.5645">116°33.87′E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
) of Zhenbei Seamount with water depth of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A849862FFA7661EF8B2F449F8C5" box="[1060,1131,1798,1822]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.52" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" unit="m" value="552.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="003640529862FFA7661EF8B2F449F8C5" box="[1060,1131,1798,1822]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.52" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" unit="m" value="552.0">552 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(temperature 8.06°C), attached on stone
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C301F4EA9862FFAB6179F8D2F29FFD2E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="679" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA76179F8D2F3E5F8A5" blockId="6.[834,1475,1894,2110]" box="[835,967,1894,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76179F8D2F3E5F8A5" bold="true" box="[835,967,1894,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Description</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A7619862FFA86179F832F0DCF8BC" blockId="6.[834,1475,1894,2110]" lastBlockId="9.[113,754,1743,1895]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="678" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B739862FFA76179F832F443F845" bold="true" box="[835,1121,1926,1950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Colony form and size.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
In life, colonies attached to stones (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE49862FFA761A0F812F43AF864" box="[922,1048,1958,1983]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,2035,2057]" captionTargetBox="[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 6. Morphology of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, MBM286427 in situ; B, clonies in aggregation with MBM286428 in the most right; C, MBM286427 in preservation; D, MBM286428 in preservation; E, siphonozooids; F, transverse section through middle anthostele of MBM286427, showing pharynx and mesenteries. Scale bars = 10 mm (C, D), 0.5 mm (E), and 5 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271901/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Autozooid solitary, with anthocodia projecting from anthostele. Anthostele cylindrical, stiff, inner coenenchyme spongy, emerging from a membranous and spreading holdfast (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE49862FFA76623F7B2F47FF7C5" box="[1049,1117,2054,2078]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,2035,2057]" captionTargetBox="[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 6. Morphology of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, MBM286427 in situ; B, clonies in aggregation with MBM286428 in the most right; C, MBM286427 in preservation; D, MBM286428 in preservation; E, siphonozooids; F, transverse section through middle anthostele of MBM286427, showing pharynx and mesenteries. Scale bars = 10 mm (C, D), 0.5 mm (E), and 5 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271901/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="675">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In alcohol preservation, colony of the larger specimen (MBM286427)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A849862FFA766C3F792F56AF7E5" box="[1273,1352,2086,2110]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="675" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, with anthostele
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA862D2F97BF115F93D" box="[232,311,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA86396F97BF1D9F93D" box="[428,507,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="29.0">29 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide, and anthocodia
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA8624BF95AF09FF8DD" box="[113,189,1774,1798]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long in contraction; colony of the smaller specimen (MBM286428)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA8631AF8BBF14DF8FD" box="[288,367,1807,1831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="88.0">88 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, with anthostele
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA86053F8BBF29AF8FD" box="[617,696,1807,1831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="63.0">63 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA862A4F89BF0CAF89D" box="[158,232,1839,1863]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide, and anthocodia
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA863EDF89BF203F89D" box="[471,545,1839,1863]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long in contraction (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986DFFA86243F8FBF0D3F8BC" box="[121,241,1871,1895]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,2035,2057]" captionTargetBox="[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[208,1357,189,2020]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 6. Morphology of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, MBM286427 in situ; B, clonies in aggregation with MBM286428 in the most right; C, MBM286427 in preservation; D, MBM286428 in preservation; E, siphonozooids; F, transverse section through middle anthostele of MBM286427, showing pharynx and mesenteries. Scale bars = 10 mm (C, D), 0.5 mm (E), and 5 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271901/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Fig. 6C, D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF64F7E99863FFA6624BF847F528F799" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10271901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271901/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="676" startId="7.[113,148,2035,2057]" targetBox="[208,1357,189,2020]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A7619863FFA6624BF847F528F799" blockId="7.[113,1452,2035,2115]" pageId="7" pageNumber="676">
|
|||
|
|
Fig. 6. Morphology of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE29863FFA66362F847F2F6F7D2" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[344,724,2035,2057]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="676" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B739863FFA66362F847F216F7D3" box="[344,564,2035,2056]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="676">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA909863FFA66006F847F2F6F7D2" author="Versluys J" box="[572,724,2035,2057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="676" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, MBM286427 in situ; B, clonies in aggregation with MBM286428 in the most right; C, MBM286427 in preservation; D, MBM286428 in preservation; E, siphonozooids; F, transverse section through middle anthostele of MBM286427, showing pharynx and mesenteries. Scale bars = 10 mm (C, D), 0.5 mm (E), and 5 mm (F).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF64F7E9986CFFA962BDF7A4F3B1F799" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10271907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="677" startId="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" targetBox="[193,1416,189,2048]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986CFFA962BDF7A4F3B1F799" blockId="8.[135,1474,2064,2115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="677">
|
|||
|
|
Fig. 7. Sclerites of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986CFFA96371F7A4F2EAF7FD" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[331,712,2064,2086]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="677" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986CFFA96371F7A4F205F7FE" box="[331,551,2064,2085]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="677">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986CFFA9600AF7A4F2EAF7FD" author="Versluys J" box="[560,712,2064,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="677" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF64F7E9986DFFA8624BF9D1F412F94C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10271909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271909/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" startId="9.[113,148,1637,1659]" targetBox="[113,1452,189,1621]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986DFFA8624BF9D1F412F94C" blockId="9.[113,1452,1637,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">
|
|||
|
|
Fig. 8. Sclerites of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986DFFA86312F9D1F2B9F9A0" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[296,667,1637,1659]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986DFFA86312F9D1F223F9A1" box="[296,513,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986DFFA8603DF9D1F2B9F9A0" author="Versluys J" box="[519,667,1637,1659]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, sclerites from pharynx; B, sclerites from outermost anthostelar coenenchyme; C, sclerites from deeper layer of coenenchyme; D, sclerites from holdfast. Scale bars = 0.10 mm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986DFFA86249F83BF3D6F85C" blockId="9.[112,752,1935,2087]" lastBlockId="9.[811,1452,1742,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986DFFA86249F83BF0E4F87C" bold="true" box="[115,198,1935,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Polyps.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Polyps dimorphic. Autozooid tentacles of the larger specimen up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA86320F81AF147F81D" box="[282,357,1966,1990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, each side of rachis with 18–22 pinnules (19, 20, 22, 20, 22, 18, 19 respectively in 7 of 8 tentacles). Autozooid tentacles of the smaller specimen up to about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA86289F7BBF0DCF7FD" box="[179,254,2063,2087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, each side of rachis with 15–20 pinnules (18, 18, 18, 15, 19, 19/20, 19, 19 respectively). Pinnules arranged alternately rather than in pairs, with the middle ones larger than basal ones and upper ones. Siphonozooids fertile (oocytes approximately
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA86617F89BF4A9F89D" box="[1069,1163,1839,1863]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in diameter), conspicuous, numerous, densely scattered among anthostele, measuring about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA8614BF8DBF392F85D" box="[881,944,1903,1927]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986DFFA86115F81AF588F7FC" blockId="9.[811,1453,1966,2087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986DFFA86115F81AF3B6F81D" bold="true" box="[815,916,1966,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Sclerites.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Tentacular pinnule sclerites mostly tuberculate rods usually with a twist, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA8665FF87AF522F83D" box="[1125,1280,1998,2022]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="0.265" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.35 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986DFFA8677DF87BF5BCF83C" box="[1351,1438,1999,2023]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 7. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Tentacular rachis sclerites mostly spiny rods to multiradiates, ranging 0.94–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986DFFA861F1F7BBF413F7FD" box="[971,1073,2063,2087]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; occasionally crosses (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986DFFA86747F7BBF588F7FC" box="[1405,1450,2063,2087]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 7. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="678">Fig.</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986EFFAB62BDFF09F1C6FD8E" blockId="10.[134,775,189,597]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">
|
|||
|
|
7B). Anthocodial wall sclerites mostly 8-radiates, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB62BDFF69F10BFF2E" box="[135,297,221,245]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8999999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.16" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.16 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; occasionally irregular multiradiates, tuberculate rods and clubs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986EFFAB6387FF49F236FECE" box="[445,532,253,277]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 7. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Pharyngeal sclerites predominantly tuberculate rodlets ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6006FEA9F2F0FEEE" box="[572,722,285,309]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.145" valueMax="0.19" valueMin="0.1">0.10–0.19 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986EFFAB62B4FE89F0FCFE8E" box="[142,222,317,341]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[193,1416,189,2048]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 7. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from tentacle pinnules of autozooids; B, sclerites from tentacle rachis of autozooids; C, sclerites from anthocodial wall. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Fig.7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Sclerites of outermost anthostelar coenenchyme mostly 8-radiates, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6399FEE9F21FFEAE" box="[419,573,349,373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1500000000000001" metricValueMax="1.4000000000000001" metricValueMin="0.8999999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.115" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.14 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; occasionally tuberculate clubs and spindles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986EFFAB603FFEC9F246FE4E" box="[517,612,381,405]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-45@9.[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 8. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from pharynx; B, sclerites from outermost anthostelar coenenchyme; C, sclerites from deeper layer of coenenchyme; D, sclerites from holdfast. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Sclerites of deeper layer of coenenchyme mostly tuberculate spindles, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB62DAFE09F159FE0E" box="[224,379,445,469]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3999999999999995" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.33999999999999997" valueMax="0.42" valueMin="0.26">0.26–0.42 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; occasionally multiradiates and tuberculate clubs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986EFFAB6373FE69F1BEFE2E" box="[329,412,477,501]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-45@9.[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 8. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from pharynx; B, sclerites from outermost anthostelar coenenchyme; C, sclerites from deeper layer of coenenchyme; D, sclerites from holdfast. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Sclerites from holdfast mostly 6, 7, 8-radiates, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6354FE49F22AFDCE" box="[366,520,509,533]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.145" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.18 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; fewer tuberculate spindles, ranging
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB637DFDA9F1C1FDEE" box="[327,483,541,565]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="0.21" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.24 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; occasionally crosses and tuberculate clubs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="1320BBE4986EFFAB63BAFD89F1FAFD8E" box="[384,472,573,597]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-45@9.[113,1452,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 8. Sclerites of Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. A, sclerites from pharynx; B, sclerites from outermost anthostelar coenenchyme; C, sclerites from deeper layer of coenenchyme; D, sclerites from holdfast. Scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10271909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10271909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986EFFAB62B3FDC9F29FFD2E" blockId="10.[135,775,637,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB62B3FDC9F0C2FD4E" bold="true" box="[137,224,637,661]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Colour.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Anthostele red and anthocodia l wall pinkish both in situ and in ethanol. Tentacles whitish in situ; aboral sides of tentacle rachis and pinnules reddish, and oral sides white in ethanol. Sclerites reddish under transmitted light.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C301F4EA986EFFAB62BDFCA9F242FBCE" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986EFFAB62BDFCA9F242FBCE" blockId="10.[134,774,797,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB62BDFCA9F13BFCEE" bold="true" box="[135,281,797,821]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Zhenbei Seamount, South
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB6008FCA9F253FCEE" box="[562,625,797,821]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Sea,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6093FCA9F0BCFC8E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.445" metricValueMax="5.52" metricValueMin="5.37" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="544.5" valueMax="552.0" valueMin="537.0">
|
|||
|
|
537–
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D1D6CE8986EFFAB60E4FCA9F0BCFC8E" count="552" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" type="generic">552 m</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
. It was previously known from the west Pacific including: Ceram Sea,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB632DFCE9F1A5FCAE" box="[279,391,861,885]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB63ACFCE9F1C2FCAE" box="[406,480,861,885]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.24" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="924.0">924 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63C9FCE9F285FCAE" author="Versluys J" box="[499,679,861,885]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); Malay Archipelago (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB631FFCC9F151FC4E" box="[293,371,893,917]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.32" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="732.0">732 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB6382FCC9F215FC4E" box="[440,567,893,917]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6070FCC9F2BAFC4E" box="[586,664,893,917]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="274.0">274 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6088FCC9F0E3FC6E" author="Totton AK" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="107 - 109" refId="ref5074" refString="Totton AK (1933) A rare deep-sea alcyonarian polyp. Natural History Magazine London, 4 (27): 107 - 109." type="journal article" year="1933">Totton, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
);
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB62E3FC2AF138FC6E" box="[217,282,926,949]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB6312FC29F184FC6E" box="[296,422,925,949]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" metricValueMax="7.32" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="441.0" valueMax="732.0" valueMin="150.0">150–732 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6382FC29F24CFC6E" author="Kinoshita K" box="[440,622,925,949]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="121 - 124" refId="ref4618" refString="Kinoshita K (1911) Chinki naru hassha-sango Bathyalcyon. On the rare octocoral Bathyalcyon. Dobutsugaku Zasshi (Zool. Magaz.), 23 (269): 121 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Kinoshita, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6047FC29F323FC6E" author="Bock S" box="[637,769,925,949]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref4260" refString="Bock S (1938) The alcyonarian genus Bathyalcyon. KungligaSvenka Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (Tredje Serien), 16 (5): 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1938">Bock, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62BDFC09F100FC0E" author="Utinomi H" box="[135,290,957,981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="139 - 146" refId="ref5099" refString="Utinomi H (1957) Minabea ozakii n. gen. et n. sp., a new remarkable alcyonarian type with dimorphic polyps. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Ser. VI, Zoology, 13: 139 - 146." type="journal article" year="1957">Utinomi, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6316FC09F147FC0E" author="Utinomi H" box="[300,357,957,981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref5147" refString="Utinomi H (1960) Noteworthy octocorals collected off the southwest coast of Kii Peninsula, middle Japan, part 1. Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 8 (1): 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The subspecies
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6022FC09F179FC2E" authority="(Bayer, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Bayer" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="delta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6022FC09F099FC2E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon robustum delta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62F7FC69F176FC2E" author="Bayer FM" box="[205,340,989,1013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was reported from the Gulf of Mexico at the water depth of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE30A84986EFFAB634FFC49F199FBCE" box="[373,443,1021,1045]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" unit="m" value="274.0">274 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63F1FC49F276FBCE" author="Bayer FM" box="[459,596,1021,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C301F4EA986EFFAB62BDFB89F43DFECE" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986EFFAB62BDFB89F138F8EE" blockId="10.[134,774,1085,1845]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB62BDFB89F0DFFB8E" bold="true" box="[135,253,1085,1109]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6333FB89F2ECFB8E" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[265,718,1085,1109]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6333FB89F232FB8E" box="[265,528,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6026FB89F2ECFB8E" author="Versluys J" box="[540,718,1085,1109]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was originally described based on specimens from the Ceram Sea of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB62E0FBC9F165FB4E" box="[218,327,1149,1173]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, and it was subsequently reported from sea areas in the western Pacific (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63DFFB29F2AEFB6E" author="Versluys J" box="[485,652,1181,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB60A2FB29F0E3FB0E" author="Kinoshita K" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="121 - 124" refId="ref4618" refString="Kinoshita K (1911) Chinki naru hassha-sango Bathyalcyon. On the rare octocoral Bathyalcyon. Dobutsugaku Zasshi (Zool. Magaz.), 23 (269): 121 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Kinoshita, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62EAFB0AF147FB0E" author="Totton AK" box="[208,357,1213,1237]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="107 - 109" refId="ref5074" refString="Totton AK (1933) A rare deep-sea alcyonarian polyp. Natural History Magazine London, 4 (27): 107 - 109." type="journal article" year="1933">Totton, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB634EFB09F1D8FB0E" author="Bock S" box="[372,506,1213,1237]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref4260" refString="Bock S (1938) The alcyonarian genus Bathyalcyon. KungligaSvenka Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (Tredje Serien), 16 (5): 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1938">Bock, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6033FB09F28DFB0E" author="Utinomi H" box="[521,687,1213,1237]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="139 - 146" refId="ref5099" refString="Utinomi H (1957) Minabea ozakii n. gen. et n. sp., a new remarkable alcyonarian type with dimorphic polyps. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Ser. VI, Zoology, 13: 139 - 146." type="journal article" year="1957">Utinomi, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6085FB09F2D8FB0E" author="Utinomi H" box="[703,762,1213,1237]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref5147" refString="Utinomi H (1960) Noteworthy octocorals collected off the southwest coast of Kii Peninsula, middle Japan, part 1. Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 8 (1): 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62BDFB6AF135FB2E" author="Bayer FM" box="[135,279,1245,1270]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
subsumed the monotypic genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB60BBFB69F107FACE" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB60BBFB69F324FB2E" box="[641,774,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62BDFB49F107FACE" author="Versluys J" box="[135,293,1277,1301]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
into
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB636DFB49F24EFACE" authority="Verrill, 1878" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1878" box="[343,620,1277,1301]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB636DFB49F1FDFACE" box="[343,479,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Anthomastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63DCFB49F24EFACE" author="Verrill AE" box="[486,620,1277,1301]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="371 - 378" refId="ref5190" refString="Verrill AE (1878) Art. 46. Notice of recent additions to the marine fauna of the eastern coast of North America, No. 2. American Journal of Science and Arts, 16 (95): 371 - 378." type="journal article" year="1878">Verrill, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as a subgenus, and established the subspecies
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB63C6FAA9F173FA8E" authority="Bayer, 1993" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="delta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB63C6FAA9F09CFA8E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Anthomastus robustum delta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62F3FA8AF173FA8E" author="Bayer FM" box="[201,337,1341,1366]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
based on specimens from the Gulf of Mexico in the Altantic Ocean.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63F6FAE9F2BBFAAE" author="Molodtsova TN" box="[460,665,1373,1397]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="488 - 515" refId="ref4895" refString="Molodtsova TN (2013) Deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) of the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Marine Biology Research, 9 (5 - 6): 488 - 515." type="journal article" year="2013">Molodtsova (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
reinstated
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB62BCFAC9F197FA4E" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[134,437,1405,1429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB62BCFAC9F129FA4E" box="[134,267,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB632EFAC9F197FA4E" author="Versluys J" box="[276,437,1405,1429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to genus status. We accept this taxonomic assignment, considering
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB602BFA29F324FA6E" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[529,774,1437,1461]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB602BFA29F324FA6E" box="[529,774,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has a single large autozooid, which is peculiar within the subfamily
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB630BFA69F2A2FA2E" authority="Verrill, 1922" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1922" box="[305,640,1501,1525]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthomastinae">
|
|||
|
|
Anthomastinae
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63DDFA69F2A2FA2E" author="Verrill AE" box="[487,640,1501,1525]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" refId="ref5235" refString="Verrill AE (1922) Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913 - 18. Volume III: Mollusks, Echinoderms, Coelenterates, etc. Part G: Alcyonaria and Actiniaria. F. A. Acland, Ottawa, Canada, 165 pp." type="book" year="1922">Verrill, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Moreover, the form of pharyngeal and tentacular sclerites has been considered to be the two main characters distinguishing genera of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB633FF989F27FF98E" authority="Verrill, 1922" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1922" box="[261,605,1597,1621]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthomastinae">
|
|||
|
|
Anthomastinae
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63FBF989F27FF98E" author="Verrill AE" box="[449,605,1597,1621]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" refId="ref5235" refString="Verrill AE (1922) Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913 - 18. Volume III: Mollusks, Echinoderms, Coelenterates, etc. Part G: Alcyonaria and Actiniaria. F. A. Acland, Ottawa, Canada, 165 pp." type="book" year="1922">Verrill, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6048F989F0E4F9AE" author="Molodtsova TN" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="488 - 515" refId="ref4895" refString="Molodtsova TN (2013) Deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) of the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Marine Biology Research, 9 (5 - 6): 488 - 515." type="journal article" year="2013">Molodtsova, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Our examination showed that the pharyngeal sclerites are predominantly rodlets and the tentacles contain multiradiates in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6300F929F252F96E" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" box="[314,624,1693,1717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6300F929F19DF96E" box="[314,447,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB63F3F929F252F96E" author="Versluys J" box="[457,624,1693,1717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, like those in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB62BDF909F323F90E" authority="Tixier-Durivault & d'Hondt, 1974" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault & d'Hondt" authorityYear="1974" box="[135,769,1725,1749]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Pseudoanthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB62BDF909F145F90E" box="[135,359,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Pseudoanthomastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6348F909F323F90E" author="Tixier-Durivault A & d'Hondt MJ" box="[370,769,1725,1749]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="1361 - 1433" refId="ref5040" refString="Tixier-Durivault A & d'Hondt MJ (1974) Les octocoralliaires de la campagne Biacores. Bulletin de la Museum Nationale d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Ser. 3, 252: 1361 - 1433." type="journal article" year="1974">Tixier-Durivault & d’Hondt, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, while the pharyngeal sclerites are predominantly platelets and tentacles are devoid of multiradiates in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6040F949F135F8EE" authority="Verrill, 1878" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6040F949F324F8CE" box="[634,774,1789,1813]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Anthomastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62BDF8A9F135F8EE" author="Verrill AE" box="[135,279,1821,1845]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="371 - 378" refId="ref5190" refString="Verrill AE (1878) Art. 46. Notice of recent additions to the marine fauna of the eastern coast of North America, No. 2. American Journal of Science and Arts, 16 (95): 371 - 378." type="journal article" year="1878">Verrill, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA4A761986EFFAB62B3F8EAF43DFECE" blockId="10.[134,774,1885,2101]" lastBlockId="10.[835,1473,189,277]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">
|
|||
|
|
As indicated by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6369F8EAF1D6F8AE" author="Bayer FM" box="[339,500,1885,1910]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, the morphology of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB60D4F8EAF1AFF84E" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robustum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB60D4F8EAF0C8F84E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">B. robustum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB62D5F8C9F1AFF84E" author="Versluys J" box="[239,397,1917,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the western Pacific was almost the same as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB633CF829F2EEF86E" authority="(Bayer, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Bayer" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[262,716,1949,1973]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="delta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB633CF829F210F86E" box="[262,562,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon robustum delta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB607AF829F2E7F86E" author="Bayer FM" box="[576,709,1949,1973]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the Atlantic except that the holdfast of the Pacific specimens has tuberculate spindles, while
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB63DFF86AF0E4F7CE" authority="(Bayer, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Bayer" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="delta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB63DFF86AF28EF82E" box="[485,684,2013,2037]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">B. robustum delta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6084F869F09CF7CE" author="Bayer FM" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has tuberculate rods. This difference occurs also in the South
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30CE7F1986EFFAB62F7F7A9F12FF7EE" box="[205,269,2077,2101]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Sea specimens. In the future, molecular study is needed to clarify the phylogenetic position of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6701FF09F3C9FF2E" authority="Versluys, 1906" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1906" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6701FF09F5E2FF0E" box="[1339,1472,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">Bathyalcyon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB6179FF69F3C9FF2E" author="Versluys J" box="[835,1003,221,245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="549 - 553" refId="ref5281" refString="Versluys J (1906) Bathyalcyon robustum nov. gen. nov. spec. Ein neuer Alcyonarier der Siboga-Sammlung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30: 549 - 553." type="journal article" year="1906">Versluys, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and the taxonomic status of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1BDCE2986EFFAB6700FF6AF438FECE" authority="(Bayer, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Bayer" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Bathyalcyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="delta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96F7B73986EFFAB6700FF6AF35AFECE" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="679">B. robustum delta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ADA90986EFFAB61B3FF49F430FECE" author="Bayer FM" box="[905,1042,253,277]" pageId="10" pageNumber="679" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref4139" refString="Bayer FM (1993) Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters. Precious Corals and Octocoral Research, 1: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|