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<document id="0AD08193D0C0B2CC3F8AF109C8194653" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11620862-ddcf-4c01-b0d9-32867e03d74b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="165530" ID-ZooBank="0D054EDD-9CDC-4D16-A8B2-F1EBBDAD6E09" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478590872060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arai, Hisao P. &amp; Smith, John W." docDate="2016" docId="038FB248FFE8FFEC89B9C01E25019F8D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4185.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4185 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ascarophis" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="FFB6CA30FFB1FFB6892EC613204A9E70" masterDocTitle="Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1698392632899" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="539B1A2311D3B468032102D7D932DBE8">Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="348AE0B9FBE104A51C528BDD1D295792">Arai, Hisao P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="16691F9906054C73E1F4D07166C78DA3">Smith, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="ECCBAA2285F2B7E61958728C02210E35">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B0878E34494189C22E69D14331CB2CE4">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="35F2917F17BFE6DC3183282FF9D1504B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="788AF3D46C1FC8F32EEA71DC5965752F">4185</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="344D1C3BC65A8799D19C45ED2D90089F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="695BB9655BADD104F6ED1851F35A55D5" type="GBIF-Dataset">11620862-ddcf-4c01-b0d9-32867e03d74b</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038FB248FFE8FFEC89B9C01E25019F8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5626778" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124624489" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5626778" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FB248FFE8FFEC89B9C01E25019F8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038FB248FFE8FFEC89B9C01E25019F8D" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<subSubSection id="C33C50D5FFE8FFEF89B9C01E21B19817" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C01E21039857" blockId="89.[151,329,1549,1575]" box="[151,329,1549,1575]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<heading id="D0D1B432FFE8FFEF89B9C01E21039857" bold="true" box="[151,329,1549,1575]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89B9C01E21039857" bold="true" box="[151,329,1549,1575]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF89B9C01E21549857" box="[151,286,1549,1575]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89B9C01E21549857" bold="true" box="[151,286,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C05D21B19817" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" box="[151,507,1614,1639]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Sites: intestinal lumen, stomach</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C50D5FFE8FFEC89B9C06025019F8D" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C060227098A3" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Hosts:
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF89C6C06021E698FA" box="[232,428,1651,1674]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Coregonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89C6C06021E698FA" box="[232,428,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Coregonus nasus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(8);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF88C9C06022D598FB" box="[487,671,1650,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" genus="Cottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aleuticus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF88C9C06022D598FB" box="[487,671,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Cottus aleuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8BF5C061239D98FB" box="[731,983,1650,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Gadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8BF5C061239D98FB" box="[731,983,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Gadus macrocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8D3AC06124F698FB" box="[1044,1212,1650,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Gadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="morhua">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8D3AC06124F698FB" box="[1044,1212,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Gadus morhua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(9);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8DD6C060212E98DF" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hexagrammidae" genus="Hexagrammos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decagrammus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8DD6C060212E98DF" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hexagrammos decagrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1, 5);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8890C08522CA98DF" box="[446,640,1686,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osmeridae" genus="Mallotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osmeriformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8890C08522CA98DF" box="[446,640,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Mallotus villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8B92C08523A498DF" box="[700,1006,1686,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hemitripteridae" genus="Nautichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oculofasciatus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8B92C08523A498DF" box="[700,1006,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Nautichthys oculofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8D07C085250198DF" box="[1065,1355,1686,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gorbuscha">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8D07C085250198DF" box="[1065,1355,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2, 4);
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF89E9C0A9225898A3" box="[199,530,1722,1747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pleuronectidae" genus="Reinhardtius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hippoglossoides">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89E9C0A9225898A3" box="[199,530,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Reinhardtius hippoglossoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(7)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C0CD242F9887" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" box="[151,1125,1758,1783]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Distribution: Atlantic,
<collectingRegion id="49E2CDBCFFE8FFEF88BBC0CD22139887" box="[405,601,1758,1783]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
, Newfoundland,
<collectingRegion id="49E2CDBCFFE8FFEF8A37C0CD24469887" box="[793,1036,1758,1783]" country="Canada" name="Northwest Territories" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Northwest Territories</collectingRegion>
, Pacific
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C11121309913" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Records: 1. Margolis 1977 (PA); 2. Anon. 1981 (BC); 3.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8A33C111246A996B" author="Sankurathri" box="[797,1056,1794,1819]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Sankurathri, C. S., Kabata, Z. &amp; Whitaker, D. J. (1983) Parasites of the Pacific hake, Merluccius productus (Ayres, 1855) in the Strait of Georgia, in 1974 - 1975. Syesis, 16, 5 - 22." type="journal article" year="1983">
Sankurathri
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8A89C11023AB996B" box="[935,993,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
1983
</bibRefCitation>
(PA); 4.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8DA6C1102547996B" author="Anon" box="[1160,1293,1795,1819]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Anthony, D. D. (1984) Helminth parasites of white bass (Morone chrysops) from Lake Nipissing, Ontario. Program and Abstracts. 59 th Annual Meeting, American Society of Parasitologists, 05 - 09 August 1984. Snowbird, Utah, p. 27." type="journal article" year="1984">Anon. 1984</bibRefCitation>
(BC); 5.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8C54C11020B5994F" author="Ko" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Ko, R. C. (1986) A preliminary review of the genus Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) of the gastrointestinal tract of fishes. Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Occasional Publications, 54 pp." type="book" year="1986">Ko 1986</bibRefCitation>
(BC, PA); 6.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF88B9C135222A994F" author="Arthur" box="[407,608,1830,1855]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Arthur, J. R., Albert, E. &amp; Boily, F. (1995) Parasites of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the St. Lawrence estuary and gulf. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 52 (Suppl. 1), 246 - 253. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 95 - 532" type="journal article" year="1995">
Arthur
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF88C7C134226B994F" box="[489,545,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
(AT); 7.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8BE8C1352333994F" author="Boje" box="[710,889,1830,1855]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Boje, J., Riget, F. &amp; Koie, M. (1997) Helminth parasites as biological tags in population studies of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum )), in the north - west Atlantic. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54, 886 - 895. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1006 / jmsc. 1997.0214" type="journal article" year="1997">
Boje
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8A2CC1342373994F" box="[770,825,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
(AT); 8.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8AF1C13524BC994F" author="Choudhury" box="[991,1270,1830,1855]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Choudhury, A. &amp; Dick, T. A. (1997) Parasites of the broad whitefish from the Mackenzie Delta. In: Tallman, R. F. &amp; Reist, J. D. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Broad Whitefish Workshop: the biology, traditional knowledge and scientific management of broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus (Pallas )) in the lower Mackenzie River: p. 167 - 177. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 2193, xi + 219 pp." type="book chapter" year="1997">Choudhury &amp; Dick 1997</bibRefCitation>
(NT): 9.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8C71C13521779913" author="Khan" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Khan, R. A., Chandra, C. V. &amp; Earle, P. (2011) Comparison of metazoan parasites of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, from three geographical areas of coastal Newfoundland. Journal of Parasitology, 97, 270 - 274. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / ge- 2510.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Khan
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89E9C15820B29913" box="[199,248,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
(NF)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89E9C17C25D699F7" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" box="[199,1436,1902,1927]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Comments: Five
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF88A2C17D224399F7" box="[396,521,1902,1927]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF88A2C17D224399F7" box="[396,521,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are known currently from Canadian fishes.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFE8FFEF8D73C17C24A499F7" author="Appy" box="[1117,1262,1903,1927]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Appy, R. G. (1981) Species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1870 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) in North Atlantic fishes. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 59, 2193 - 2205. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 81 - 297" type="journal article" year="1981">Appy (1981)</bibRefCitation>
provided good
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C18125D699DB" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" box="[151,1436,1938,1963]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
descriptions and illustrations for
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8B29C180235A99DB" box="[519,784,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8B29C180223D99DA" box="[519,631,1939,1962]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">A. arctica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8BADC180235A99DB" box="[643,784,1938,1963]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">A. extalicola</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8A68C180238699DB" box="[838,972,1938,1963]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8A68C180238699DB" box="[838,972,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">A. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the original descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8C21C18025D699DB" box="[1295,1436,1938,1963]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8C21C18025D699DB" box="[1295,1436,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">A. morrhuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEF89B9C1A525D699BF" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" box="[151,1436,1974,1999]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF89E8C1A4211399BF" box="[198,345,1974,1999]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sebastodis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF89E8C1A4211399BF" box="[198,345,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">A. sebastodis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are relatively poor. Taxonomic problems concern morphology of the head of both sexes, and the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99035EFFE8FFEC89B9C1C925019F8D" blockId="89.[151,1436,1614,2035]" lastBlockId="90.[151,1436,151,509]" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
tails of males. Regarding the head, the pseudolabia of
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFE8FFEF8A20C1C823D79983" box="[782,925,2010,2035]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFE8FFEF8A20C1C823D79983" box="[782,925,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">A. extalicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a blunt knob rather than the prominent conical apex of
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8864C68B21F29EC0" box="[330,440,152,176]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8864C68B21F29EC0" box="[330,440,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC88C1C68B223F9EC0" box="[495,629,151,176]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC88C1C68B223F9EC0" box="[495,629,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, so Appy (
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8BDDC68A230A9EC0" box="[755,832,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">op. cit.</emphasis>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFEBFFEC8AAFC68B23BF9EC0" author="Ko" box="[897,1013,151,176]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" refString="Ko, R. C. (1986) A preliminary review of the genus Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) of the gastrointestinal tract of fishes. Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Occasional Publications, 54 pp." type="book" year="1986">Ko (1986)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8D8AC68B257B9EC0" box="[1188,1329,151,176]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8D8AC68B257B9EC0" box="[1188,1329,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. extalicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be related to “
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC883CC6AF21F59EA5" box="[274,447,188,213]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicoloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC883CC6AF21F59EA5" box="[274,447,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Cystidicoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” [species of which have been transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8A83C6AF24659EA5" box="[941,1071,188,213]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Salmonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8A83C6AF24659EA5" box="[941,1071,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Salmonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see page 100]. Regarding male tails, an
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC89DBC6F721369E8B" box="[245,380,228,251]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">area rugosa</emphasis>
, narrow caudal alae, six pairs of post-cloacal papillae, and paired phasmids behind the 6th pair of papillae appear to be diagnostic. Appy (
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8B55C71922839F51" box="[635,713,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">op. cit.</emphasis>
) pointed out that papillae of the 5th pair are relatively small and ventral to the 6th pair, so earlier workers might have overlooked them. Indeed,
<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFFEBFFEC8D7AC723248F9F39" box="[1108,1221,304,329]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[347,1242,439,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[337,1250,429,1925]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ascarophis morrhuae van Beneden, 1871. A. anterior end, lateral view; B. male, posterior end with short (right) spicule, arrows indicate structures that are “ possibly the phasmids ” [sic]; C. female, posterior end showing extent of uterus, eggs evidently lacking polar filaments. (A. and B. redrawn from Berland 1961; C. redrawn from Ko 1986)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165571/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Figure 55</figureCitation>
B illustrates an
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8CAAC722214F9F1D" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8CAAC722214F9F1D" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. morrhuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, redrawn from
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFFEBFFEC8B24C74722F79F1D" author="Berland" box="[522,701,340,365]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" refString="Berland, B. (1961) Nematodes from some Norwegian marine fishes. Sarsia, 2, 1 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1961.10410245" type="journal article" year="1961">Berland (1961)</bibRefCitation>
, apparently with only five pairs of post-cloacal papillae, and structures that are [
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8842C76A21C19FE0" box="[364,395,377,400]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">sic</emphasis>
] “possibly the phasmids”. The description of neither
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8AF3C76A24209FE1" box="[989,1130,376,401]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8AF3C76A24209FE1" box="[989,1130,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. morrhuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nor
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8DB2C76A25659FE1" box="[1180,1327,376,401]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sebastodis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8DB2C76A24E79FE0" box="[1180,1197,377,400]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8D94C76B25659FE1" box="[1210,1327,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">sebastodis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mentions an
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8996C78E21759FC4" box="[184,319,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">area rugosa</emphasis>
; there is no reference to paired phasmids for
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8A16C78E23869FC5" box="[824,972,412,437]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sebastodis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8A16C78E23869FC5" box="[824,972,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. sebastodis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and caudal alae are not mentioned in the descriptions for either species, although
<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFFEBFFEC8B48C7D3229C9FA9" box="[614,726,448,473]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[347,1242,439,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[337,1250,429,1925]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ascarophis morrhuae van Beneden, 1871. A. anterior end, lateral view; B. male, posterior end with short (right) spicule, arrows indicate structures that are “ possibly the phasmids ” [sic]; C. female, posterior end showing extent of uterus, eggs evidently lacking polar filaments. (A. and B. redrawn from Berland 1961; C. redrawn from Ko 1986)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165571/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Figure 55</figureCitation>
B illustrates them for
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8AFCC7D2242B9FA9" box="[978,1121,448,473]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8AFCC7D2242B9FA9" box="[978,1121,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. morrhuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8D94C7D225039FA9" box="[1210,1353,448,473]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8D94C7D225039FA9" box="[1210,1353,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. morrhuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFFEBFFEC8CAAC7D221469F8D" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sebastodis">
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFFEBFFEC8CAAC7D221469F8D" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. sebastodis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be redescribed and illustrated with special attention to the morphology of heads and tails.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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