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<document id="24EB636FD55102FEFAB694C3CFC9574E" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B29FFECFF56F9E9FCFAFE8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Menella woodin Grasshoff 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8BD4B6D8D1050E0D615147245321ABF0">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="581DBAFB6A9D3DEC2E67AC7E1320DD56">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FDF71FAB9B378A4CF73A87BDAFC6AA31">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="58FFCB9E891F06E770C86D214316CE67" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D6259F7E0787E235382D3BBB796B8FBA">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="14980B0282DA122D7B954DF43685DD2A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="05C4F391D38DBD2D065EC34EF151053C">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B29FFECFF56F9E9FCFAFE8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639539" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B29FFECFF56F9E9FCFAFE8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B29FFECFF56F9E9FCFAFE8E" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B29FF93FF56F9E9FDD9F9E5" box="[151,551,1552,1579]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FF93FF56F9E9FDD9F9E5" blockId="63.[151,551,1552,1579]" box="[151,551,1552,1579]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B29FF93FF56F9E9FDD9F9E5" bold="true" box="[151,551,1552,1579]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B29FF93FF56F9E9FDD9F9E5" ID-CoL="3ZQ4C" authority="Grasshoff, 1999" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,551,1552,1579]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Menella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="woodin">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FF56F9E9FDD9F9E5" bold="true" box="[151,551,1552,1579]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FF56F9E9FEA4F9E4" bold="true" box="[151,346,1552,1579]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Menella woodin</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FEA0F9E9FDD9F9E5" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[353,551,1552,1578]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B29FF93FF56F9ACFCA3F97A" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FF93FF56F9ACFC46F9A2" blockId="63.[151,952,1621,1645]" box="[151,952,1621,1645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B29FF93FF56F9ACFC46F9A2" box="[151,952,1621,1645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B29FF93FF56F9ACFDF0F9A2" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[151,526,1621,1645]" page="54" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B29FF93FF56F9ACFDF0F9A2" ID-CoL="3ZQ4C" authority="Grasshoff, 1999: 54" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,526,1621,1645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Menella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="woodin">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FF56F9ACFEC2F9A2" box="[151,316,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Menella woodin</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FE80F9ACFDF0F9A2" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[321,526,1621,1645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999: 54</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 89–91; pl. 5, fig. 3 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B29FF93FCCBF9ACFC53F9A2" box="[778,941,1621,1645]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FF93FF56F962FCA3F97A" blockId="63.[151,861,1691,1718]" box="[151,861,1691,1718]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Opinion: There is no evidence this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B29FFECFF56F91AFCFAFE8E" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FF93FF56F91AFED7F932" blockId="63.[151,1437,1763,1862]" box="[151,297,1763,1789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FF93FF06F8FEFB46F88A" blockId="63.[151,1437,1763,1862]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FF06F8FEFC4CF8EE" box="[199,946,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FC05F8F1FB2BF8EE" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Raghuraman, R. &amp; Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K." box="[964,1237,1799,1826]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FBDDF8F1FBAEF8EE" box="[1052,1104,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
. 2014a: 68
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 31, fig. A–D (Havelock, Long Island);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FE79F8D2FD25F88A" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[440,731,1835,1862]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FDE8F8D5FDA4F88A" box="[553,602,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 143
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 66, fig. A–D (Havelock, Long Island).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B29FFECFF06F88DFCFAFE8E" blockId="63.[151,1436,1907,2042]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FF06F88DFE64F842" box="[199,410,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: The accounts given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FD64F88DFC73F842" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Raghuraman, R. &amp; Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K." box="[677,909,1907,1934]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FD38F88DFCD7F842" box="[761,809,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
. (2014a)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FC00F88AFB46F842" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[961,1208,1907,1934]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B29FF93FBF1F88DFB9EF842" box="[1072,1120,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
are identical and the material examined states there are
<specimenCount id="9D27CCDE7B29FF93FDD8F86EFD5DF87E" box="[537,675,1943,1969]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
that are
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B29FF93FCC2F86EFCB9F87D" box="[771,839,1943,1970]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="28.0">28 cm</quantity>
high and
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B29FF93FC77F86EFC04F87D" box="[950,1018,1943,1970]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
high respectively. The text, however, states “the size of the colony is
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B29FF93FDC1F842FDB4F81A" box="[512,586,1979,2006]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
”, which happens to be identical to the size of one of the samples described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B29FF93FF78F826FE85F836" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[185,379,2015,2041]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff (1999)</bibRefCitation>
. Additionally, the description of the sclerites of the Indian material is virtually a word-for-word copy of Grasshoff’s text so the true characters of the material are uncertain. The sclerites figured from the polyps of the Indian material are very different from those of the
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B56FFECFCDEFF42FC7FFF1A" box="[799,897,187,213]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and although the copied text refers to branched, inner coenenchyme sclerites with 3–5 rays, only a few capstans are shown. This species is probably endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B56FFECFF56FEFAFEB9FED2" box="[151,327,259,285]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFE90FEFAFDD2FED2" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Venkataraman, K." box="[337,556,258,285]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="15 - 33" refId="ref103709" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2015) Abundance of shallow water octocorals in the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, India. In: Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaperuman, C. (Eds.), Marine faunal diversity in India: taxonomy, ecology and conservation. London Academic Press, London, pp. 15 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 801948 - 1.00002 - 1" type="book chapter" year="2015">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFE65FEFAFE2BFED2" box="[420,469,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
. (2015)
</bibRefCitation>
just lists the species and figure the colony from the 2014 and 2017 publications above, while
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFEECFEDEFDE6FE8E" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Geetha, S. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Sornaraj, R." box="[301,536,295,321]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="96 - 102" refId="ref103354" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Geetha, S., Raghunathan, C. &amp; Sornaraj, R. (2018 a) Diversity and distribution of gorgonians (Octocorallia) in the Long Island and it's adjacent areas in Middle Andaman, India. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 47, 96 - 102." type="journal article" year="2018">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFE43FEDEFE4DFE8E" box="[386,435,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
. (2018a)
</bibRefCitation>
just lists the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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