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<document id="6E77C46DC52B9599E5DD995F7E0A7C3B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275119" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ed4c6a69-93b2-4177-888f-cdc9f9a8a327" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275119" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461103624938" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Medeiros, Matthew J." docDate="2009" docId="C752BC317401FFCD2195FE6CFEA8FC4C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02202p047.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2202" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thyrocopa gigas Butler" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="3B6BC4497414FFDB2102FFCAFFACFFFB" masterDocTitle="A revision of the endemic Hawaiian genus Thyrocopa (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae: Xyloryctinae)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698592259421" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="576B78DDE3A2022B77E17A7A1441093E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9E08E172A752CE38DC5025E950FAA812">
<mods:title id="AA22D1A134EE25A1351C01232F5DAC92">A revision of the endemic Hawaiian genus Thyrocopa (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae: Xyloryctinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6824D1DB0F85848448F2528127836E75" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4EA21F99D5FDE8ED8D170857013EEB73">
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<mods:namePart id="9D251EEACB8B37475A8B630B8738B5D3">Medeiros, Matthew J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D46AB45327B3D94E0673F45913F21413">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="10067BA470DC6E4E82505EEE00423E2A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="129E3D706661534040E5CEA28A175923">
<mods:date id="2DFBE1A48F7F74A643EE236EEF3724E3">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C566BDEB832F2B8C155B27BA6F9A4A37" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1F31B2239EA0EC39CDF6FB8A48A995CB">2202</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="43B3687289239D48B9712CADA85E5286">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AC636E232D930C3713AAA4662550FF13" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.275119</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0A79311388BF9260319DA173AA67C747" type="GBIF-Dataset">ed4c6a69-93b2-4177-888f-cdc9f9a8a327</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D27AF10873CE3BA9C66238CD783AF3E6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C12228F4583016E53DA183F38FB06358" type="Zenodo-Dep">275119</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C752BC317401FFCD2195FE6CFEA8FC4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6226507" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119622619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6226507" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C752BC317401FFCD2195FE6CFEA8FC4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C752BC317401FFCD2195FE6CFEA8FC4C" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE2195FE6CFE5AFE3B" box="[151,502,422,448]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FE6CFE5AFE3B" blockId="21.[151,502,422,483]" box="[151,502,422,448]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="140CBA4B7401FFCE2195FE6CFE5AFE3B" bold="true" box="[151,502,422,448]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FE6CFE5AFE3B" bold="true" box="[151,502,422,448]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
13.
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE21C1FE6CFE5AFE3B" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[195,502,422,448]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C1FE6CFE20FE3B" bold="true" box="[195,396,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
(Butler)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE2195FE03FEC3FE18" box="[151,367,457,483]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FE03FEC3FE18" blockId="21.[151,502,422,483]" box="[151,367,457,483]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="D7C011A27401FFCE219DFE03FEAEFE18" box="[159,258,457,483]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 30" captionStartId="15.[151,275,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[254,1329,188,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[254,1329,188,1769]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 30. Adults of Thyrocopa. 16. T. brevipalpis, Kauai, forewing = 13 mm; 17. T. brevipalpis, Kauai, forewing = 11 mm; 18. T. brevipalpis, Kauai, forewing = 13 mm; 19. T. brevipalpis, Kauai, forewing = 12 mm; 20. T. cinerella, Kauai, forewing = 19 mm; 21. T. decipiens, Hawaii Island, forewing = 18 mm; 22. T. elikapekae, Kauai, forewing = 12 mm; 23. T. epicapna, Hawaii Island, forewing = 10 mm; 24. T. geminipuncta, Maui, forewing = 9 mm; 25. T. gigas, Kauai, forewing = 23 mm; 26. T. indecora, Maui, forewing = 12 mm; 27. T. indecora, Hawaii Island, forewing = 9 mm; 28. T. indecora, Oahu Island, forewing = 11 mm; 29. T. indecora, Maui, forewing = 14 mm; 30. T. indecora, Maui, forewing = 12 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275121/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D7C011A27401FFCE200CFE03FE82FE18" box="[270,302,457,483]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 – 89" captionStartId="40.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,201,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[272,1315,178,1712]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 75 – 89. Male genitalia of Thyrocopa; for all figures, lower left box shows detail of uncus, lower right box shows detail of sacculus. 75. T. elikapekae, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 60 UHIM); 76. T. epicapna, Maui, male genitalia (slide LA 81 BPBM); 77. T. geminipuncta, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 44 BPBM); 78. T. gigas, Molokai, male genitalia (slide LA 33 UHIM); 79. T. indecora, Maui, male genitalia (slide 06 B 14 BPBM); 80. T. indecora, Oahu, male genitalia (slide LA 18 BPBM); 81. T. kanaloa, Kahoolawe, male genitalia (08 A 54 BPBM); 82. T. kea, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 59 UHIM); 83. T. kikaelekea, Hawaii Island, male genitalia (slide 05 A 45 BPBM); 84. T. kokeensis, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 21909 BMNH); 85. T. megas, Maui, male genitalia (slide LA 73 UHIM); 86. T. neckerensis, Necker, male genitalia (slide LA 10 BPBM); 87. T. nihoa, Nihoa, male genitalia (slide LA 13 BPBM); 88. T. peleana, Oahu, male genitalia (slide # 151 BPBM); 89. T. seminatella, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 90 BPBM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275125/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">78</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D7C011A27401FFCE2038FE03FECBFE18" box="[314,359,457,483]" captionStart="FIGURES 90 – 104" captionStartId="41.[151,269,1697,1721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,164,1673]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 90 – 104. Male and female genitalia of Thyrocopa; for figures of male genitalia, lower left box shows detail of uncus, lower right box shows detail of sacculus. 90. T. subahenea, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 51 BPBM); 91. T. usitata, Oahu, male genitalia (slide 31570 BMNH); 92. T. vagans, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 51 UHIM); 93. T. sp. A, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 31577 BMNH); 94. T. sp. B, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 31578 BMNH); 95. T. sp. C, Kauai, male genitalia (slide MJM 44 BPBM); 96. T. sp. D, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 37 BPBM); 97. T. sp. E, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 50 BPBM); 98. T. peleana, Oahu, female genitalia (slide Z- 70 - 12 BPBM); 99. T. kikaelekea, Hawaii Island, female, detail showing bursa with long signum (slide 06 A 62 BPBM); 100. T. abusa, Maui, female, detail showing bursa with short signum (slide 06 A 25 BPBM); 101. T. abusa, Maui, female genitalia, detail showing segments VIII – X (slide 06 A 25); 102. T. gigas, Molokai, female genitalia (slide 07 A 36 BPBM); 103. T. megas, Maui, female genitalia (slide 06 B 25 BPBM); 104. T. seminatella, Kauai, female genitalia (slide 31585 BMNH)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275126/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">102</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE2195FDDCFBD0FD96" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FDDCFCADFDD6" blockId="21.[151,1435,534,685]" box="[151,769,534,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB2A097401FFCE2195FDDCFCADFDD6" box="[151,769,534,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2195FDDCFDB2FDD6" authority="Butler, 1881: 397" authorityName="Butler" authorityPageNumber="397" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,542,534,557]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Depressaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FDDCFEF6FDD6" box="[151,346,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Depressaria gigas</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A2B367401FFCE2063FDDCFDB2FDD6" author="Butler" box="[353,542,534,557]" page="397" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE2063FDDCFE45FDD6" author="Butler" box="[353,489,534,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="46" refString="Butler, A. G. (1881) On a collection of nocturnal Lepidoptera from the Hawaiian Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7, 317 - 333; 392 - 408." type="journal article" year="1881">Butler, 1881</bibRefCitation>
: 397
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A2B367401FFCE232AFDDCFD51FDD6" author="Meyrick" box="[552,765,534,557]" page="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1883">
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE232AFDDCFD79FDD6" author="Meyrick" box="[552,725,534,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="46" refString="Meyrick, E. (1883 a) Notes on Hawaiian micro-lepidoptera. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 20, 31 - 36." type="journal article" year="1883" yearSuffix="a">Meyrick, 1883a</bibRefCitation>
: 32
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C5FDFCFBD0FD96" blockId="21.[151,1435,534,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="9040B3857401FFCE21C5FDFCFE9AFDB6" box="[199,310,566,589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="37EC4DB77401FFCE2044FDFCFDB4FDB6" box="[326,536,566,589]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
: HAWAII:
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2390FDFCFD62FDB5" bold="true" box="[658,718,566,590]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Maui</emphasis>
: Haleakala, 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE22B6FDFCFBBFFDB6" box="[948,1043,566,589]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 1 3 (slide 4048 BMNH), 1881, Blackburn(?) (BMNH), designated by
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE2361FD9CFC81FD96" author="Zimmerman" box="[611,813,598,621]" pageId="21" pageNumber="47" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978) Insects of Hawaii, Volume 9: Microlepidoptera. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press." type="journal volume" year="1978">Zimmerman, 1978</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 658, 674 (as “
<typeStatus id="9040B3857401FFCE2503FD9CFBCAFD96" box="[1025,1126,598,621]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
”).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE2195FDBCFC20FD56" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FDBCFCC0FD76" blockId="21.[151,1435,534,685]" box="[151,876,630,653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB2A097401FFCE2195FDBCFCC0FD76" box="[151,876,630,653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2195FDBCFE04FD76" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[151,424,630,653]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FDBCFEE6FD76" box="[151,330,630,653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
(Butler)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A2B367401FFCE20B1FDBCFD6CFD76" author="Walsingham" box="[435,704,630,653]" page="493" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1907">
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE20B1FDBCFD27FD76" author="Walsingham" box="[435,651,630,653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="47" refString="Walsingham, L. T. d. G. (1907 b) Microlepidoptera. In: D. Sharp (Ed), Fauna Hawaiiensis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907" yearSuffix="b">Walsingham, 1907b</bibRefCitation>
: 493
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 14, fig. 7.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FD5CFC20FD56" blockId="21.[151,1435,534,685]" box="[151,908,662,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB2A097401FFCE2195FD5CFC20FD56" box="[151,908,662,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2195FD5CFE04FD56" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[151,424,662,685]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FD5CFEE6FD56" box="[151,330,662,685]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
(Butler)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A2B367401FFCE20B1FD5CFD1EFD56" author="Zimmerman" box="[435,690,662,685]" page="987" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE20B1FD5CFDD1FD56" author="Zimmerman" box="[435,637,662,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="47" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978) Insects of Hawaii, Volume 9: Microlepidoptera. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press." type="journal volume" year="1978">Zimmerman, 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 987
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 658, 674, 686.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE2195FD17FC16FC90" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE2195FD17FC16FC90" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FD17FEBCFD0C" bold="true" box="[151,272,733,759]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE201CFD17FE48FD0D" box="[286,484,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE201CFD17FE48FD0D" box="[286,484,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is among the largest species in the genus. It is rivaled in size only by
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2413FD17FA38FD0D" box="[1297,1428,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinerella">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2413FD17FA38FD0D" box="[1297,1428,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. cinerella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2195FCCEFE88FCE6" box="[151,292,772,797]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2195FCCEFE88FCE6" box="[151,292,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2036FCCEFED6FCE6" box="[308,378,772,797]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kea">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2036FCCEFED6FCE6" box="[308,378,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. kea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE20BFFCCEFD8AFCE6" box="[445,550,772,797]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE20BFFCCEFD8AFCE6" box="[445,550,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. megas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2337FCCEFD50FCE6" box="[565,764,772,797]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2337FCCEFD50FCE6" box="[565,764,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is almost always larger than any of these species except for
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE21C3FCE0FEE2FCB8" box="[193,334,810,835]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C3FCE0FEE2FCB8" box="[193,334,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but unlike
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE20DEFCE0FDC4FCB8" box="[476,616,810,835]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE20DEFCE0FDC4FCB8" box="[476,616,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the male antennae of
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2277FCE0FC7FFCB8" box="[885,979,810,835]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2277FCE0FC7FFCB8" box="[885,979,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are filiform.
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2573FCE0FA9BFCB8" box="[1137,1335,810,835]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2573FCE0FA9BFCB8" box="[1137,1335,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thyrocopa gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much darker in color than any of the above species except for
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE2225FC9BFC1FFC91" box="[807,947,849,874]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2225FC9BFC1FFC91" box="[807,947,849,874]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE21C7FCBDFD05FA99" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C7FCBDFC67FAEF" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FCBDFEFAFC6A" bold="true" box="[197,342,887,913]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE2066FCB2FE08FC6A" box="[356,420,888,913]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Head</emphasis>
: Dark brown to brown. Antenna ca. 0.7x forewing length; very dense, extremely short, piliform cilia on ventral side of male flagellomere; female with 2 slightly longer, piliform cilia on the ventral side of each segment of the flagellomere. Labial palpus with third segment dark brown; second segment mottled very light whitish-brown and dark brown to brown; third segment ca. 0.8x length of second.
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE243DFC26FA3FFBFE" box="[1343,1427,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thorax</emphasis>
: Dark brown to brown, with apex of scales often lighter. Forewing
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE22A6FBD8FB8AFBD7" box="[932,1062,1042,1068]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="17.0">17–23 mm</quantity>
; forewing ground color mottled blackish-brown or dark brown and light brown; discal area clouded with poorly defined blackish spots in cell; curving poorly defined whitish band through terminal area; usually with evenly spaced spots on distal half of costa and along termen at vein endings. Hindwing light brown, spots at vein endings along termen sometimes visible; fringe minimal.
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE20B2FB67FDB2FB3D" box="[432,542,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Light brown to dark brown. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="D7C011A27401FFCE252CFB67FB2FFB3C" box="[1070,1155,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 – 89" captionStartId="40.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,201,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[272,1315,178,1712]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 75 – 89. Male genitalia of Thyrocopa; for all figures, lower left box shows detail of uncus, lower right box shows detail of sacculus. 75. T. elikapekae, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 60 UHIM); 76. T. epicapna, Maui, male genitalia (slide LA 81 BPBM); 77. T. geminipuncta, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 44 BPBM); 78. T. gigas, Molokai, male genitalia (slide LA 33 UHIM); 79. T. indecora, Maui, male genitalia (slide 06 B 14 BPBM); 80. T. indecora, Oahu, male genitalia (slide LA 18 BPBM); 81. T. kanaloa, Kahoolawe, male genitalia (08 A 54 BPBM); 82. T. kea, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 59 UHIM); 83. T. kikaelekea, Hawaii Island, male genitalia (slide 05 A 45 BPBM); 84. T. kokeensis, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 21909 BMNH); 85. T. megas, Maui, male genitalia (slide LA 73 UHIM); 86. T. neckerensis, Necker, male genitalia (slide LA 10 BPBM); 87. T. nihoa, Nihoa, male genitalia (slide LA 13 BPBM); 88. T. peleana, Oahu, male genitalia (slide # 151 BPBM); 89. T. seminatella, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 90 BPBM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275125/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
) with uncus moderately to shallowly cleft apically; sacculus somewhat scooped-out and typically cleft apically, though sometimes barely so. Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="D7C011A27401FFCE20E1FB30FDEAFAEF" box="[483,582,1274,1300]" captionStart="FIGURES 90 – 104" captionStartId="41.[151,269,1697,1721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,164,1673]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 90 – 104. Male and female genitalia of Thyrocopa; for figures of male genitalia, lower left box shows detail of uncus, lower right box shows detail of sacculus. 90. T. subahenea, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 51 BPBM); 91. T. usitata, Oahu, male genitalia (slide 31570 BMNH); 92. T. vagans, Kauai, male genitalia (slide LA 51 UHIM); 93. T. sp. A, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 31577 BMNH); 94. T. sp. B, Kauai, male genitalia (slide 31578 BMNH); 95. T. sp. C, Kauai, male genitalia (slide MJM 44 BPBM); 96. T. sp. D, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 37 BPBM); 97. T. sp. E, Molokai, male genitalia (slide 07 A 50 BPBM); 98. T. peleana, Oahu, female genitalia (slide Z- 70 - 12 BPBM); 99. T. kikaelekea, Hawaii Island, female, detail showing bursa with long signum (slide 06 A 62 BPBM); 100. T. abusa, Maui, female, detail showing bursa with short signum (slide 06 A 25 BPBM); 101. T. abusa, Maui, female genitalia, detail showing segments VIII – X (slide 06 A 25); 102. T. gigas, Molokai, female genitalia (slide 07 A 36 BPBM); 103. T. megas, Maui, female genitalia (slide 06 B 25 BPBM); 104. T. seminatella, Kauai, female genitalia (slide 31585 BMNH)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275126/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
) typical for genus; signum short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C7FAEAFE4FFAC0" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" box="[197,483,1312,1339]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FAEAFEF4FAC1" bold="true" box="[197,344,1312,1338]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Food plants</emphasis>
: Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C7FA8DFD05FA99" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" box="[197,681,1351,1378]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FA8DFEC4FA9A" bold="true" box="[197,360,1351,1377]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Flight period</emphasis>
: At least April–September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE21C7FAA4FA88FA54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C7FAA4FA88FA54" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FAA4FECEFA73" bold="true" box="[197,354,1390,1416]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution</emphasis>
: Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui. However,
<taxonomicName id="88FB76A47401FFCE225EFAA5FC17FA73" box="[860,955,1391,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Thyrocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE225EFAA5FC17FA73" box="[860,955,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is possibly extinct on Oahu, where two females were collected by Perkins in 1892 but no further specimens have been collected since then.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCE21C7FA71FA9DFA2D" box="[197,1329,1467,1494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCE21C7FA71FA9DFA2D" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" box="[197,1329,1467,1494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FA71FE9BFA2E" bold="true" box="[197,311,1467,1493]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks</emphasis>
: Blackburn reported taking one specimen “at sugar” on Maui (
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A70D67401FFCE2515FA76FA89FA2D" author="Zimmerman" box="[1047,1317,1468,1494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="47" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978) Insects of Hawaii, Volume 9: Microlepidoptera. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press." type="journal volume" year="1978">Zimmerman 1978:987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E15EAC7401FFCD21C7FA28FEA8FC4C" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4F440D277401FFCD21C7FA28FEA8FC4C" blockId="21.[151,1437,733,2035]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,951]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE21C7FA28FD92FA07" bold="true" box="[197,574,1506,1532]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Additional material examined</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="37EC4DB77401FFCE234CFA28FC82FA07" box="[590,814,1506,1532]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
: HAWAII:
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357401FFCE22A4FA28FC5FFA07" bold="true" box="[934,1011,1506,1532]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Kauai</emphasis>
: 3500–4500’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE25A2FA28FAE1FA07" box="[1184,1357,1506,1532]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2205" metricValueMax="1.3719999999999999" metricValueMin="1.069" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1220.5" valueMax="1372.0" valueMin="1069.0">1069–1372 m</quantity>
]: 21 3 (slides 86554, &amp; 86557), 2 Ƥ (slides 86552 &amp; 86556),
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE221FF9C3FC22F9D8" box="[797,910,1545,1571]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1919-04">Apr 1919</date>
-–1920, B.P. Clark (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2574F9C3FB7DF9D8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1142,1233,1545,1571]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USNM</collectionCode>
); Alakai Swamp: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE21D1F9FAFF5CF9B1" box="[211,240,1584,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1968-07-24">24</date>
Jul 1968, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE231BF9FAFDDDF9B1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[537,625,1584,1610]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Haupu Mt.: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2250F9FAFCC3F9B1" box="[850,879,1584,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1974-02-14">14</date>
Feb 1974, collector unknown (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE25E3F9FAFA95F9B1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1249,1337,1584,1610]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Alakai Swamp, Kelekua Hut, 4520’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE20FCF99CFDCEF98B" box="[510,610,1622,1648]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.378" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1378.0">1378 m</quantity>
]: 5 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE23B6F99CFD4CF98B" box="[692,736,1622,1648]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1982-07-05" valueMax="1982-07-07" valueMin="1982-07-05">5–7</date>
Jul 1982, K. &amp; E. Sattler; Kaholuamano: 5 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE241EF99CFF7BF96C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1920-03" valueMax="1920-04-31" valueMin="1920-03-00">Mar–April 1920</date>
, J.A. Kusche (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2088F9B7FE49F96C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[394,485,1661,1687]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kaholuamano, 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE2209F9B7FCDEF96C" box="[779,882,1661,1687]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 8 3 (slide #1),
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2541F9B7FB16F96C" box="[1091,1210,1661,1687]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1895-04">Apr 1895</date>
, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2437F9B7FA3CF96C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1333,1424,1661,1687]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kaholuamanu, 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE209DF96EFDADF945" box="[415,513,1700,1726]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 8 3 (slide 2035
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE23D4F96EFC9FF945" box="[726,819,1700,1726]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BMNH</collectionCode>
),
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2245F96EFC16F945" box="[839,954,1700,1726]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1895-04">Apr 1895</date>
, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE252DF96EFB22F945" box="[1071,1166,1700,1726]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BMNH</collectionCode>
); Kaholuamanu, 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE219CF900FEAEF91F" box="[158,258,1738,1764]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 2 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2056F900FE65F91F" box="[340,457,1738,1764]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1895-04">Apr 1895</date>
, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2342F900FD31F91F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[576,669,1738,1764]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USNM</collectionCode>
); Kokee: 3 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE224CF900FCF4F91F" box="[846,856,1738,1764]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1978-06-01" valueMax="1978-06-02" valueMin="1978-06-01">1</date>
–2 Jun 1978, J.C.E. Riotte &amp; E. Perry (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2434F900FA23F91F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1334,1423,1738,1764]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee: 3 3, 1 Ƥ,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2068F93BFD84F8F0" box="[362,552,1777,1803]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1981-06-19" valueMax="1981-06-24" valueMin="1981-06-19">19–24 Jun 1981</date>
, J.C.E. Riotte (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE23D9F93BFC9FF8F0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[731,819,1777,1803]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee: 5 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE22DCF93BFC57F8F0" box="[990,1019,1777,1803]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1981-06-26">26</date>
Jun 1981–
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE257FF93BFAA3F8F0" box="[1149,1295,1777,1803]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1982-06-25">25 Jun 1982</date>
, JCE Riotte (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE219DF8D2FF55F8C9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[159,249,1816,1842]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE20AEF8D2FE66F8C9" box="[428,458,1816,1842]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1982-06-13">13</date>
Jun 1982, J.C.E. Riotte (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE23FCF8D2FCF4F8C9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[766,856,1816,1842]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee,
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE22CFF8D2FB81F8C9" box="[973,1069,1816,1842]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1060.0">1060 m</quantity>
: 7 3, 1 Ƥ,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE25B4F8D2FA3BF8C9" box="[1206,1431,1816,1842]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979-06-17" valueMax="1979-07-08" valueMin="1979-06-17">17 Jun–8 Jul 1979</date>
, J.C.E. Riotte (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE203CF8F4FE3AF8A3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[318,406,1854,1880]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee,
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE2305F8F4FDC8F8A3" box="[519,612,1854,1880]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1060.0">1060 m</quantity>
, 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE23AFF8F4FD66F8A3" box="[685,714,1854,1880]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1980-07-10">10</date>
Jul 1980, J.C.E. Riotte (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE22ECF8F4FBEAF8A3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1006,1094,1854,1880]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee,
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE25BAF8F4FAB8F8A3" box="[1208,1300,1854,1880]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140 m</quantity>
:
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE2422F8F4FAE1F8A3" box="[1312,1357,1854,1880]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1973-03">2 3</date>
,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE245FF8F4FF7BF884" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1973-06-03">3 Jun 1973</date>
, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE209BF8AFFE58F884" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[409,500,1893,1919]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee, Air Nat Guard Station: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE22C9F8AFFC45F884" box="[971,1001,1893,1919]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1079-05-28">28</date>
May 1079, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2436F8AFFA23F884" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1332,1423,1893,1919]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee, Rice Residence: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE20FDF846FDB0F85D" box="[511,540,1932,1958]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1978-06-11">11</date>
Jun 1978, E. Perry (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2215F846FCDDF85D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[791,881,1932,1958]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee St. Park, Awaawapuhi Tr.: 1 3 (slide 06A05),
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE21FCF878FE23F837" box="[254,399,1970,1996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2005-06-20">20 Jun 2005</date>
, P.T. Oboyski; Kokee St. Park, Awaawapuhi Tr., 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27401FFCE2518F878FBD7F837" box="[1050,1147,1970,1996]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE25C4F878FB4FF837" box="[1222,1251,1970,1996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1982-06-17">17</date>
Jun 1982, K. &amp; E. Sattler; Kokee St. Park, Halemanu Tr.: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77401FFCE23EAF813FCABF808" box="[744,775,2009,2035]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2007-05-26">26</date>
May 2007, M.J. Medeiros (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27401FFCE2564F813FB6EF808" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1126,1218,2009,2035]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kokee St. Park, Kaluapuhi Tr.: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2088FF52FE04FF49" box="[394,424,152,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2007-05-25">25</date>
May 2007, M.J. Medeiros (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD23FBFF52FCFEFF49" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[761,850,152,178]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Mt. Kahili: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2530FF52FBFCFF49" box="[1074,1104,152,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1974-03-15">15</date>
Mar 1974, F.G. Howarth &amp; S.L. Montgomery (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2075FF74FE63FF23" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[375,463,190,216]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Mts. 3000–4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD23B8FF74FCFAFF23" box="[698,854,190,216]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0665" metricValueMax="1.219" metricValueMin="0.914" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1066.5" valueMax="1219.0" valueMin="914.0">914–1219 m</quantity>
]: 4 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD22A1FF74FBBCFF23" box="[931,1040,190,216]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1894-06">Jun 1894</date>
, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2580FF74FB73FF23" box="[1154,1247,190,216]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
; one at
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD243BFF74FA3CFF23" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1337,1424,190,216]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); N. Alakai Swamp: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD20BAFF2FFE79FF04" box="[440,469,229,255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1968-07-24">24</date>
Jul 1968, DM Tsuda (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD23E0FF2FFC97FF04" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[738,827,229,255]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Na Pali-Kona FR, Alakai Jnct.: 2 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD240BFF2FFA8BFF04" box="[1289,1319,229,255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2008-07-24">24</date>
Jul 2008, M.J. Medeiros &amp; D.J. Medeiros (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD231FFEC6FDD9FEDD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[541,629,268,294]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Na Pali-Kona FR, Alakai Swamp Tr., 3800’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD259EFEC6FB51FEDD" box="[1180,1277,268,294]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.158" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1158.0">1158 m</quantity>
]: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2449FEC6FAC4FEDD" box="[1355,1384,268,294]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1973-09-29">29</date>
Sep 1973, K. &amp; E. Sattler; Na Pali-Kona FR, Pihea Trail, 4200’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD226AFEF8FC67FEB7" box="[872,971,306,332]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</quantity>
]:
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD22DDFEF8FB94FEB7" box="[991,1080,306,332]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1910-04-03">4 3, 10</date>
–20 Jun 1982, K. &amp; E. Sattler (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD219DFE93FF52FE88" box="[159,254,345,371]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
); Olokele Canyon: 2 3 (slide #201),
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD23A9FE93FC9DFE88" box="[683,817,345,371]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1919-02-02">2 Feb 1919</date>
, JA Kusche (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD22C9FE93FB8FFE88" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[971,1059,345,371]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Puu Ka Pele: 1 Ƥ (slide #202),
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2195FE4AFE82FE61" box="[151,302,384,410]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1919-02-22">22 Feb 1919</date>
, JA Kusche (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD20CEFE4AFD88FE61" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[460,548,384,410]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Waimea Canyon St. Park, Puu Hinahina area, 3400’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD25ACFE4AFABDFE61" box="[1198,1297,384,410]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1036.0">1036 m</quantity>
]: 4 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2463FE4AFA30FE61" box="[1377,1436,384,410]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1919-06-05">5–19</date>
Jun, K. &amp; E. Sattler (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2089FE6CFE46FE3B" box="[395,490,422,448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357402FFCD20FEFE6CFDEEFE3B" bold="true" box="[508,578,422,448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oahu</emphasis>
: 1800’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD23A1FE6CFD58FE3B" box="[675,756,422,448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.49" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="549.0">549 m</quantity>
], Mokuleia:
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2285FE6CFC1FFE3B" box="[903,947,422,448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1974-03">1 3</date>
,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD22C3FE6CFBEDFE3B" box="[961,1089,422,448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1974-01-01">1 Jan 1974</date>
, collector unknown (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2435FE6CFA23FE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1335,1423,422,448]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Honolulu: 1 Ƥ, 1920, EH Bryan Jr. (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2343FE07FD35FE1C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[577,665,461,487]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Mt Kaala,
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD222BFE07FCD4FE1C" box="[809,888,461,487]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
: 2 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD22BCFE07FC61FE1C" box="[958,973,461,487]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1975-05-05">5</date>
May 1975, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2404FE07FAF2FE1C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1286,1374,461,487]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Mt. Kaala, 3600’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD2043FE3EFE08FDF5" box="[321,420,500,526]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.097" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1097.0">1097 m</quantity>
]: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD20F4FE3EFDB8FDF5" box="[502,532,500,526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1984-08-28">28</date>
Aug 1984, W.D. Perreira (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2255FE3EFC1CFDF5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[855,944,500,526]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Palikea Trail,
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD256CFE3EFB55FDF5" box="[1134,1273,500,526]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.85" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="8.4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="885.0" valueMax="930.0" valueMin="840.0">840–930 m</quantity>
: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2441FE3EFACCFDF5" box="[1347,1376,500,526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1975-11-12">12</date>
Nov 1975, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2091FDD0FE40FDCF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[403,492,538,564]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Waianae Mts. 2,500–3000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD2257FDD0FC06FDCF" box="[853,938,538,564]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="914.0">914 m</quantity>
]: 2 Ƥ (slide 2036
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2586FDD0FB4EFDCF" box="[1156,1250,538,564]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
), 1892, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD219DFD8BFF53FDA0" box="[159,255,577,603]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
); Waianae Mtns, Kamaileunu Ridge, N Puu Kawiwi,
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD2284FD8BFC7AFDA0" box="[902,982,577,603]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="760.0">760 m</quantity>
: 1 Ƥ,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD2522FD8BFB1AFDA0" box="[1056,1206,577,603]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1975-10-19">19 Oct 1975</date>
(
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD25C5FD8BFA8CFDA0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1223,1312,577,603]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Waianae Mtns, Ohikilolo Ridge: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD20EEFDA2FDA5FD79" box="[492,521,616,642]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1976-05-21">21</date>
May 1976, F.G. Howarth (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2246FDA2FC30FD79" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[836,924,616,642]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357402FFCD22B2FDADFBB4FD7A" bold="true" box="[944,1048,615,641]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Molokai</emphasis>
: Kamakou Pres., Kawela Gulch: 1 3 (slide LA33),
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD206CFD44FDA2FD53" box="[366,526,654,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2004-05-20">20 May 2004</date>
, no collector listed (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD23FBFD44FCE2FD53" box="[761,846,654,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">UHIM</collectionCode>
); Kamakou, Pu’u Kolekole: 1 Ƥ (slide 07A36),
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD247DFD44FEBFFD34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2007-05-21">21 May 2007</date>
, M.J. Medeiros (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD20DFFD7FFD9AFD34" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[477,566,693,719]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Nearly 5000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD23FAFD7FFCF7FD34" box="[760,859,693,719]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</quantity>
]: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD22AEFD7FFC66FD34" box="[940,970,693,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1893-09-22">22</date>
Sep 1893, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD25B8FD7FFAB5FD34" box="[1210,1305,693,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
);
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD242DFD7FFAC9FD34" box="[1327,1381,693,719]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
[1.6 km] N of Puu Kolekole: 1 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD20EDFD16FDA0FD0D" box="[495,524,732,758]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1979-07-26">26</date>
Jul 1979, S.L. Montgomery (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2267FD16FC11FD0D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[869,957,732,758]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="7D8FD1357402FFCD22CDFD11FBBEFD0E" bold="true" box="[975,1042,731,757]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Maui</emphasis>
: Haleakala, 4000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD25F7FD16FAFBFD0D" box="[1269,1367,732,758]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.219" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1219.0">1219 m</quantity>
]: 1 3, Blackburn [no date] (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD209AFCC8FE54FCE7" box="[408,504,770,796]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
); Haleakala, 5000’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD23EBFCC8FCE1FCE7" box="[745,845,770,796]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</quantity>
]: 3 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD229CFCC8FBB0FCE7" box="[926,1052,770,796]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1896-05">May 1896</date>
, Perkins (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2590FCC8FB5CFCE7" box="[1170,1264,770,796]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
, except one at
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2195FCE3FF42FCB8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[151,238,809,835]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Haleakala National Park, Upper Kipahulu Valley, Charlie Camp,
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD22FAFCE3FBF8FCB8" box="[1016,1108,809,835]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1450.0">1450 m</quantity>
: 7 3,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD259BFCE3FB04FCB8" box="[1177,1192,809,835]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1983-07-06">6</date>
Jul 1983, WC &amp; BH Gagne (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD21F0FC9AFEE6FC91" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[242,330,848,874]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Kipahulu Valley, Palikea,
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD238FFC9AFD77FC91" box="[653,731,848,874]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="680.0">680 m</quantity>
: 1 Ƥ, [no date], S.L. Montgomery (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD2577FC9AFB61FC91" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1141,1229,848,874]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
); Makawao FR: 3 3 (slide 04A16),
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD206EFCBCFDAFFC6B" box="[364,515,886,912]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2004-06-18">18 Jun 2004</date>
, W. Haines; Makawao FR, 4200’ [
<quantity id="8803A0C27402FFCD22A1FCBCFBABFC6B" box="[931,1031,886,912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</quantity>
]:
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD251EFCBCFBE5FC6B" box="[1052,1097,886,912]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2006-03">1 3</date>
,
<date id="3B452BE77402FFCD255BFCBCFB4DFC6B" box="[1113,1249,886,912]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2006-06-03">3 Jun 2006</date>
, M.J. Medeiros (
<collectionCode id="29EA95E27402FFCD219DFC57FF5BFC4C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[159,247,925,951]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BPBM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink