162 lines
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162 lines
19 KiB
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<document id="C5C0B9FA6103F99A0816D6C0F96FB616" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. & Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC92AFFA3F9EBF9D6FA01F396" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Triadopathes Opresko 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E9B807E2FD620374D20B3D7CD489FEA6">
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<mods:title id="33DCD4A1E6002A64AC47EB1DD26C9D24">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="41E42892EAC0AB3CC2B9AF2F42511F5C">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4945F1F4DE99841678C9720B9E3F35E9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="EBE8BBBFDA86537C2215015B8B724222">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="37798997F6AE9AC37A0E58EFE4C631E3">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2914773E27AED1050B78CCD18BAFF98F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0A81C1AF42BB4F51302C9C0CD11B51A9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A55475624AB5303F40293745E4E89ABB">
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<mods:date id="60D43BFA65F63FDE51C22F4EB6A59429">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F8E215208315273E1E10A12A0F756D6C">2019-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="84F77E6DE545B8095EABEB14B616A802">4692</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2F2A5CF020BFD2AA3CC59996C0657D62">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="33BB78E26D3BEC2DBA0D4021CC2DC5FC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038F878BC92AFFA3F9EBF9D6FA01F396" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8396027" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160134011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8396027" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC92AFFA3F9EBF9D6FA01F396" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC92AFFA3F9EBF9D6FA01F396" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92AFFA0F9EBF9D6FDD0F433" box="[151,585,1550,1577]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92AFFA0F9EBF9D6FDD0F433" blockId="57.[151,585,1550,1577]" box="[151,585,1550,1577]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="D0D181F1C92AFFA0F9EBF9D6FDD0F433" bold="true" box="[151,585,1550,1577]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F9EBF9D6FDD0F433" bold="true" box="[151,585,1550,1577]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0F992F9D7FDD0F433" ID-CoL="7Q4Z3" authority="Opresko, 2006" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[238,585,1550,1577]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F992F9D7FE14F433" bold="true" box="[238,397,1550,1577]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Triadopathes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0F8E8F9D6FDD0F433" author="Opresko" box="[404,585,1551,1577]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92AFFA0F9EBF98BFC47F471" box="[151,990,1618,1643]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92AFFA0F9EBF98BFC47F471" blockId="57.[151,990,1618,1643]" box="[151,990,1618,1643]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F9EBF98BFEBCF471" bold="true" box="[151,293,1618,1643]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type-species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0F850F98AFD4EF471" authority="Opresko, 1999" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[300,727,1618,1643]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="triadocrada">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F850F98AFDA2F471" box="[300,571,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parantipathes triadocrada</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0FB3DF98BFD4EF471" author="Opresko" box="[577,727,1618,1643]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref48774" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1999) New species of Antipathes and Parantipathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from coastal waters of south Australia and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum, 32 (2), 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">Opresko, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(by original designation).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92AFFA0F9EBF940FA0CF596" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92AFFA0F9EBF940FA0CF596" blockId="57.[151,1437,1689,2040]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F9EBF940FE8BF4AE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1689,1716]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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“Corallum branched, larger branches arising mostly from near the base and ascending. Branches pinnulate. Pinnules arranged primarily, but not exclusively, in three axial rows, as well as in subverticillate groupings containing one pinnule from each row. Secondary and high order subpinnules arranged in similar pattern. Multiple orders of subpinnules arising on the lateral primary pinnules, but not uniformly developed from branch to branch. Branches, pinnules and subpinnules adhering and fusing. Spines simple, conical, smooth, with acute to rounded apex; usually
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92AFFA0F84BF894FE45F572" box="[311,476,1869,1896]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.07" valueMax="0.08" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.08 mm</quantity>
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tall. Spines
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92AFFA0FB10F894FC88F572" box="[620,785,1869,1896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.22999999999999998" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.30 mm</quantity>
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apart in each row, with five to six spines per millimeter. Polyps not more than
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92AFFA0F8F1F8ABFE7AF596" box="[397,483,1906,1932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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in transverse diameter; with seven to eight polyps per centimeter.” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0FDA2F8A8FA10F596" author="Opresko" box="[1246,1417,1905,1932]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92AFFA3F9BBF84FFD92F37D" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92AFFA3F9BBF84FFD92F37D" blockId="57.[151,1437,1689,2040]" lastBlockId="58.[151,1437,153,396]" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F9BBF84FFEA2F5AA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1942,1968]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0F8C1F84CFC99F5B5" authority="Opresko, 2006" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[445,768,1941,1967]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0F8C1F84CFDC8F5B5" box="[445,593,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Triadopathes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0FB24F84CFC99F5B5" author="Opresko" box="[600,768,1941,1967]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, up to this time monospecific, differs from the other genera belonging to the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0F8D5F860FDDAF5C9" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[425,579,1977,2003]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Stylopathidae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0FB28F860FC1EF5C9" authority="Opresko, 2006" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[596,903,1977,2003]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Stylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0FB28F860FD4CF5C9" box="[596,725,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stylopathes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0FBA1F860FC1EF5C9" author="Opresko" box="[733,903,1977,2003]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92AFFA0FAEFF860FB3BF5CE" authority="Brook, 1889" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[915,1186,1977,2004]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Tylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92AFFA0FAEFF860FB95F5C9" box="[915,1036,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tylopathes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92AFFA0FD68F860FB3BF5CE" author="Brook" box="[1044,1186,1977,2004]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by being extensively branched and having pinnules grouped, to varying degrees, in verticils of three and four, and to a lesser degree singly and in pairs. In contrast, in
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3F8B6FF40FDD2F2A9" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[458,587,153,179]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Stylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3F8B6FF40FDD2F2A9" box="[458,587,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Stylopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the pinnulation pattern can be similar to that in
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3FD19FF40FB60F2A9" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[1125,1273,153,179]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3FD19FF40FB60F2A9" box="[1125,1273,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Triadopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the corallum is monpodial or only very sparsely branched, and in
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3FA61FF64FC0FF2CD" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[797,918,189,215]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Tylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3FA61FF64FC0FF2CD" box="[797,918,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Tylopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the corallum is extensively branched, and the highest order branchlets are not uniform in size, number, or arrangement, and only rarely do they occur in groups of two or more, therefore, they are not very pinnular-like (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC929FFA3FB86FEDCFC3CF33A" author="Opresko" box="[762,933,261,288]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3FACAFEDCFBD3F305" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[950,1098,261,287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3FACAFEDCFBD3F305" box="[950,1098,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Triadopathes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
also differs from the branched forms of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3F80BFEF0FD1AF359" authority="Pallas, 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[375,643,297,323]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3F80BFEF0FE76F359" box="[375,495,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Antipathes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Pallas, 1766
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
because it is has pinnules, a characteristic that does not occur within
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC929FFA3F9EBFE94FD9FF37D" authority="(Brugler et al., 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Brugler et al." baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[151,518,333,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3F9EBFE94FE96F37D" box="[151,271,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Antipathes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC929FFA3F861FE94FE66F37D" author="Brugler" box="[285,511,333,359]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brugler" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="312 - 361" refId="ref46567" refString="Brugler, M. R., Opresko, D. M. & France, S. C. (2013) The evolutionary history of the order Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) as inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA: implications for black coral taxonomy and systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 169 (2), 312 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12060" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|||
|
|
Brugler
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3F800FE97FE22F37D" box="[380,443,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.,</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2013
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C929FFA3F9BBFEA9FA01F396" box="[199,1432,368,396]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B99369DC929FFA3F9BBFEA9FA01F396" blockId="58.[151,1437,153,396]" box="[199,1432,368,396]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC929FFA3F9BBFEA9FEF8F391" bold="true" box="[199,353,368,395]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Off the coast of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49E2F87FC929FFA3FB60FEA8FD13F391" box="[540,650,369,395]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC929FFA3FBE8FEA8FD62F391" box="[660,763,369,395]" name="Australia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC929FFA3FA75FEA8FC2BF396" author="Opresko" box="[777,946,369,396]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="109" refId="ref49084" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2006) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part V. Establishment of a new family, Stylopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (4), 109." type="journal article" year="2006">Opresko, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and southwest Atlantic Ocean (this work).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|