186 lines
18 KiB
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186 lines
18 KiB
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<document id="4C77D8D16020ADFF5AF152502CDBC58C" ID-CLB-Dataset="3308" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5726960" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1f8f2bc-f8d6-499e-b157-1fa7332846c0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5726960" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1636032719234" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2013" docId="03C1502EA85E682DFF7D7D84F59CF74D" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_3_Aotidae_0414.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Aotus trivirgatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="428" masterDocId="FFF82856A85D682EFFDF7164FF86FFD3" masterDocTitle="Aotidae" masterLastPageNumber="431" masterPageNumber="414" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1699467758879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D710F0CE580FCDCE712C2AB3686A68ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7FA73DBD6B7BA296478282196066A755">
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<mods:title id="90E5FDCF9610FBD312ED13C639CE4D41">Aotidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="29C6C2442EA43A8A6CA60383CA291C9B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9002696BF42F6AC10036F64E87C72EAD">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="EE6265102C9E51DFFBF67C3EC151D133" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="97AEA013616D9D0D0F3414418A0C78C1">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="41DC0ECD51F54AE903CC903CE50E2A28" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="314A1AD3B133EAB17400BF1D8C602176">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F905E81F24AD4D5265EB8A76BCFB1217">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="54EF3780DED9CD48B923F98C01180A72">2013</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="C7B0F050357787A8B6D40855F9444635" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="9E71C3605990836D392A533BB6836E59">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="D5F3380DA3001FFB322ED25FD983158F">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="ECCAB223E9BADC3685556195EEA733FA">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:start id="BF6CF44ECBDBD0D56B01474AA7AB786E">414</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="53D578F9762C243174CA6A269ACA0B52">431</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="9AED7BDF3A0160750DB13817A769757C">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6FA5D067FA87149AFA619C106F6F70DA" type="CLB-Dataset">3308</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68FF9E59B7645CC2FDE39A7EE44528F7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5726960</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C1502EA85E682DFF7D7D84F59CF74D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5726988" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195657072" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5726988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C1502EA85E682DFF7D7D84F59CF74D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C1502EA85E682DFF7D7D84F59CF74D" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFF7D7D84FBF4F2DD" box="[162,1138,3296,3342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFF7D7D84FBF4F2DD" blockId="3.[160,1318,3296,3464]" box="[162,1138,3296,3342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<heading id="D09F5654A85E682DFF7D7D84FBF4F2DD" box="[162,1138,3296,3342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<figureCitation id="1353FDBDA85E682DFF7D7D84FF3DF2DD" box="[162,187,3296,3342]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="2.[98,130,3401,3422]" captionTargetBox="[14,2715,14,3629]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="On following pages 4 Brumback s Nıgm Monkey (Aorus brumbeckı) 5 Humboldt s Nıght Monkey (Aorus mvırgaruså 6 Spıx s Nıght Monkey (Aotus vocılerıns) 7 Hernández-Camacho s Nıght Monkey (Actus l°f96hemandezù B Andean Nıght Monkey (Actus mıoonvd 9 Ma s Nıght Monkey (Actus nencyrrıaee) 10 Black-needed Nıght Monkey (Actus mgnœps) Azara s Nngh! Monkey (Actus azarad" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6585261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6585261/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">5</figureCitation>
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. Humboldt’s Night Monkey
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<taxonomicName id="4C689ABBA85E682DFC997D84FBF4F2DD" ID-CoL="F6G5" baseAuthorityName="Humboldt" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[838,1138,3296,3342]" class="Mammalia" family="Aotidae" genus="Aotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivirgatus">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFC997D84FBF4F2DD" box="[838,1138,3296,3342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Aotus trivirgatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFF7D7C44FDC1F250" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFF7D7C44FDC1F250" blockId="3.[160,1318,3296,3464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<heading id="D09F5654A85E682DFF7D7C44FDC1F250" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFF7D7C44FF68F2E6" box="[162,238,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFF277C44FE7EF2E6" box="[248,504,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Douroucouli de Humboldt</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFDD37C44FDE1F2E6" box="[524,615,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFDAE7C44FC14F2E6" box="[625,914,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Ostlicher Graukehl-Nachtaffe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFC787C44FB84F2E6" box="[935,1026,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFBD37C44FAA0F2E6" box="[1036,1318,3360,3381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Mico nocturno de Humboldt</vernacularName>
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFF7E7C23FE10F28F" box="[161,406,3399,3420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFE7E7C23FD9EF28F" box="[417,536,3399,3420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Douroucouli</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFDF97C23FC0CF28F" box="[550,906,3399,3420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Northern Gray-necked Owl Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFC467C23FB03F28F" box="[921,1157,3399,3420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Northern Night Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFB4E7C23FEA8F250" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Three-striped Night Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="056B9116A85E682DFEE47C0AFDC1F250" box="[315,583,3438,3459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Three-striped Owl Monkey</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DF7D57041F7D5FEB5" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DF7D57041F7D5FEB5" blockId="3.[2057,2643,293,711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DF7D57041F723FEED" box="[2058,2213,293,318]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C689ABBA85E682DF7607041F7C8FEB5" authority="Humboldt, 1812" authorityName="Humboldt" authorityYear="1812" class="Mammalia" family="Aotidae" genus="Simia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivirgatus">Simia trivirgatus Humboldt, 1812</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DF7807029F7EEFE60" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DF7807029F7EEFE60" blockId="3.[2057,2643,293,711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<materialsCitation id="3B00EB65A85E682DF7807029F7E2FE60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3784259301" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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Forests of the Rio Cassiquiare, near the foot of Mount Duida,
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<collectingRegion id="49AC2FDAA85E682DF6AB7010F580FE5E" box="[2420,2566,372,397]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DF5CB7010F7E2FE60" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DF7D570DAF766FCC7" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DF7D570DAF766FCC7" blockId="3.[2057,2643,293,711]" lastBlockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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Undal the revision by P. Hershkovitz in 1983, the genus was considered to be monotypic, with A.
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<taxonomicName id="4C689ABBA85E682DF6F77375F62DFDF9" authorityName="Humboldt" authorityYear="1812" box="[2344,2475,529,554]" class="Mammalia" family="Aotidae" genus="Aotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivirgatus">trivirgatus</taxonomicName>
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as the only species. In his catalogue published in 1957, A. Cabrera listed nine subspecies, and W. C. O. Hill in his review of 1960 listed ten. Many of these are now considered distinct species. Some publications up to the 1980s and early 1990sstill referred to all night monkeys as belonging to this one species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA7F727FF9A9FC2C" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF17B1B0A85E682DFA7F727FF9A9FC2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5726978" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5726978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5726978/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" targetBox="[1444,2025,298,703]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA7F727FF9A9FC2C" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA7F727FF9C9FCEF" box="[1440,1615,795,828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N
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<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DF95C727FF957FCEF" box="[1667,1745,795,828]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(N of the rios Negro and
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<collectingRegion id="49AC2FDAA85E682DF787727FF761FCEF" box="[2136,2279,795,828]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
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and W of the Rio Trombetas), SC
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<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DF9E77223F94EFCB7" box="[1592,1736,839,868]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(N to middle Orinoco E at least as far as the Rio Caura) and E
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<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DFA7E720EF9ACFC58" box="[1441,1578,874,907]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(T. Defler reports sightings from the middle Rio
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<collectingRegion id="49AC2FDAA85E682DF73A720EF6DEFC58" box="[2277,2392,874,907]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Caqueta</collectingRegion>
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above the mouth of the Miriti-Parana and the lower Rio Inirida to the N); as such, Humboldt’s Night Monkey may be sympatric with Spix’s Night Monkey (A.
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<taxonomicName id="4C689ABBA85E682DF70C72DDF6D6FC09" authorityName="Spix" authorityYear="1823" box="[2259,2384,953,986]" class="Mammalia" family="Aotidae" genus="Aotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vociferans">vociferans</taxonomicName>
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) in some parts of
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<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DFA7F72BAF9ADFC2C" box="[1440,1579,990,1023]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA407563F69EFAB0" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA407563F69EFAB0" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA407563F91CFBFB" box="[1439,1690,1031,1064]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 30-38 cm,tail 33-40 cm; weight ¢.813 g (males) and c.736 g (females). Humboldt’s Night Monkey is a gray-necked species. The hair on the side of the neck is grayish-agouti to mainly brownish agouti. Upperparts of the body are grayish to buffy-agouti. Innersides of the limbs, extending to the wrists and ankle, are similar in colorto the orange-buffy of the chest and belly. The facial pattern is quite inconspicuous, triradiate stripes are brown, and the face is rather grayish compared with the usual white of other night monkeys. Hands and feet are dark brown. Humboldt’s Night Monkey can be distinguished from other night monkeys by its parallel temporal stripes and the lack of an interscapular whorl or crest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA417409F79DFA59" box="[1438,2075,1389,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA417409F79DFA59" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" box="[1438,2075,1389,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA417409F98BFA59" box="[1438,1549,1389,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical forests, including dry forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA4274F1F6D9FA61" box="[1437,2399,1429,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA4274F1F6D9FA61" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" box="[1437,2399,1429,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA4274F1F924FA61" box="[1437,1698,1429,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
|
|||
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</subSubSection>
|
|||
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|
<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA4274D3F767FA0B" box="[1437,2273,1463,1496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="breeding">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA4274D3F767FA0B" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" box="[1437,2273,1463,1496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA4274D3F9A2FA0B" box="[1437,1572,1463,1496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
There is no information available for this species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA437480F63EF9FB" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="activity">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA437480F63EF9FB" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA437480F90AF9D2" box="[1436,1676,1508,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Humboldt’s Night Monkey is nocturnal and arboreal. Climbing, leaping, and quadrupedal and suspensory locomotion have been reported.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA427756F6D2F916" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA427756F6D2F916" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA427756F7EEF99C" box="[1437,2152,1586,1615]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Similar to all the night monkeys, Humboldt’s Night Monkey is monogamous, with the male carrying and provisioning young. A home range of size of 3-1 ha and a mean night range of 252 m have been reported, but these numbers are based on data from a single group.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA4277B4FA7AF804" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA4277B4FA7AF804" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA4277B4F88FF93E" box="[1437,1801,1744,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Humboldt’s Night Monkey is a wide-ranging species and generally not hunted. There are a number of protected areas within its range: Pico da Neblina National Park, biological reserves of Rio Trombetas and Uatuma, and ecological stations of Anavilhanas, Caracarai, and Niquia in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DF7B47609F73DF859" box="[2155,2235,1901,1930]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and national parks ofJaua-Sarisarinama, Parima-Tapirapeco, Duida-Marahuaca, and Yapacana in southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37FA1A8A85E682DF5D176F0FA7FF804" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C372B2B3A85E682DFA427688F59CF74D" pageId="3" pageNumber="428" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7E138A85E682DFA427688F59CF74D" blockId="3.[1436,2643,716,2206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91C3D2AA85E682DFA427688F9B0F7D2" box="[1437,1590,2028,2049]" pageId="3" pageNumber="428">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Bodini & Pérez-Hernandez (1987), Brumback (1973, 1974, 1975b), Brumback et al. (1971), Cabrera (1957), Cicmanec & Campbell (1977), Defler (2003b, 2004), Dixson (1982, 1983), Egozcue (1971), Erkert (1976), Fernandes (1993), Fernandez-Duque (2011a, 2012), Ford (1994a, 1994b), Hanson & Montagna (1962), Hershkovitz (1983), Hill (1960), Linares (1998), Napier (1976), Smith & Jungers (1997), Sussman & Phillips-Conroy (1995), Torres et al. (1998), Wright (1978, 1981, 1984, 1990), Yunis et al. (1977), Zito et al. (2003).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|