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<document id="338B76128EDBD715D4F4171FB14E67E1" ID-CLB-Dataset="22142" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="561d2129-c2be-4670-9aa7-96e948247157" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827336" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589469117322" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Groeninckx, Inge, Janssens, Steven, Smets, Erik &amp; Verstraete, Brecht" docDate="2017" docId="039E3C565A22FF939DCF0666E6C90C43" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-312.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 312" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astiella delicatula Jovet. Molecular 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFA7442E5A2DFF829F45044FE5770F45" masterDocTitle="Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698839704049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E88129B36538F6C3ABEB4E69A79960E1">
<mods:title id="87E65F13F88348B5EF9C32D641FCF459">Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4F7F92F93637B0842AD7BD14AC1E2691" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="696D635A87A7371CA447BA0488C06BEB">Groeninckx, Inge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7CDDC913AB8E607C1BFABD0D3C1595C7">Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, P. O. Box 2435, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. &amp; Email: inge. groeninckx @ kuleuven. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BC1EF7182335118C0A63A4D0EC0129DE" type="email">inge.groeninckx@kuleuven.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="ADB3634D3FD0ED6055B4617B489FEF60">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6563A89DF1DEBC430450E0582BB1BB41">Janssens, Steven</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7F2179B387036937A06C2655322367A1">Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium. &amp; Email: steven. janssens @ botanicgardenmeise. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E042788373E03FF999B0C2D3802E49D8" type="email">steven.janssens@botanicgardenmeise.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="720957A45D63BAD11392249CAB6D815B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2B34E407883D0091D2FBEF4C6B502D37">
<mods:roleTerm id="BFAC38B09F218D9E6323520D47489A09">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ED5947B286E15A0F8F55BD0F114889C3">Smets, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="746E49EC00BE3F429A7FDD5C58AEEA8D">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Email: erik. smets @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="88AE9549CC89976A10BE58E5C6B9CE93" type="email">erik.smets@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="15A371D2B5AE7FB37A92C36A542D6DC0">
<mods:roleTerm id="037D178B8601EA8790F305352C479851">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC6221438055A36F450F534B39979544">Verstraete, Brecht</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D8CACAA774A31379A24E5CDD5CD21C77">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83 S, 1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. &amp; Corresponding author: brecht. verstraete @ snm. ku. dk</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0CDF0CB71A6033FCAC17C631EEE1155" type="email">brecht.verstraete@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="286D6C414B92BD6BB41A9718DC0F053A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4F8C0F59E5280AD44BDCD07AD87E47EF">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CA96DFE7A9B2123C69FC07448F0738C8">
<mods:date id="E1E9649C218555E0703F0DA6753BE094">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B4E72622034CB80B73A67A6D0D98D113" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0CE8C1896EECF1B2425F08D80FAF8154">2017-04-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3F5D12779E715D5EFC5523D1A8A5B41B">312</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CC836640D25FBA84C438E6EC172DCF15">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="85EA71B89CF912B7CEAE350F26778AFC" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.312</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039E3C565A22FF939DCF0666E6C90C43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846878" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846878" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E3C565A22FF939DCF0666E6C90C43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E3C565A22FF939DCF0666E6C90C43" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9DCF0666E6DE0D01" box="[650,937,553,580]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9DCF0666E6DE0D01" blockId="15.[650,937,553,616]" box="[650,937,553,580]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9DCF0666E6DE0D01" box="[650,937,553,580]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A22FF8D9DCF0666E6DE0D01" ID-CoL="HV6S" authority="Jovet" authorityName="Jovet. Molecular" authorityYear="1941" box="[650,937,553,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delicatula">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9DCF0666E6130D01" bold="true" box="[650,868,553,580]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Astiella delicatula</emphasis>
Jovet
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9DDB0602E6E20D22" box="[670,917,589,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9DDB0602E6E20D22" blockId="15.[650,937,553,616]" box="[670,917,589,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A22FF8D9DDB0602E78C0D22" box="[670,763,589,615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1854,1880]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,272,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1317,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Astiella antongilensis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. confusa Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. E. A. delicatula Jovet. F. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. G. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. H. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. I. A. longifimbria Groeninckx sp. nov. J. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. K. A. pulla Groeninckx sp. nov. L. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827340/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A22FF8D9C4D0602E65B0D22" box="[776,812,589,615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,904,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1399,901,1815]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of pollen in polar view (PV), the apocolpium (AC), pollen in equatorial view (EV) and the mesocolpium (ME). A. Astiella antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. delicatula Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A and C: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC = 1 µm, ME = 2 µm; for B and D: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC, ME = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">4C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A22FF8D9C7D0602E60D0D2D" box="[824,890,589,616]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,267,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[283,1305,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of seeds and a detail of their surface. A–B. Astiella antsalovansisGroeninckx sp. nov.C–D.A. deblockiaeGroeninckx sp. nov.E–F.A. desseiniiGroeninckx sp. nov. G–I. A. delicatula Jovet. J–K. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. L–M. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. N–O. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. P–R. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A, C, E, J, L, N = 100 µm; B, I = 50 µm; D = 10 µm; F, K, M, O, R = 20 µm; G, H, P, Q = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827347/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">5G–I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A22FF8D9CC30602E6E20D22" box="[902,917,589,615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[313,1280,268,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[299,1287,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Astiella delicatula Jovet. A. Habit. B. Isostylous flower. C. Open isostylous flower. D. Ovary dissected to show placentation. E. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. All from De Block et al. 2173 (BR)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827353/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9FF806C0E7750DBF" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF806C0E4330DEC" blockId="15.[189,324,655,681]" box="[189,324,655,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9FF806C0E4330DEC" bold="true" box="[189,324,655,681]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9FF806C0E4330DEC" bold="true" box="[189,324,655,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF806F2E7750DBF" blockId="15.[189,1399,701,762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">The specific epithet is based on the Latin adjective ‘delicatus’, meaning ‘delicate’, referring to the slender habit of the species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9FF8076DE1C10BCF" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF8076DE58D0C79" blockId="15.[189,250,802,828]" box="[189,250,802,828]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9FF8076DE58D0C79" bold="true" box="[189,250,802,828]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9FF8076DE58D0C79" bold="true" box="[189,250,802,828]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="548C33E25A22FF8D9FF8076DE58D0C79" box="[189,250,802,828]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF8071FE12E0CCB" blockId="15.[189,1398,848,910]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A22FF8D9FF8071FE4E50C2F" box="[189,402,848,874]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A22FF8D9EDB071FE71F0C2F" box="[414,616,848,874]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Toliara province</collectingRegion>
, Atsimo-Andrefana region, Sakaraha district, Forêt d’Analafanja au nord du Fiherenana, plateau calcaire,
<date id="FF89AB805A22FF8D9DDC073BE6630CCB" box="[665,788,884,910]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1934-03">Mar. 1934</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9C65073CE6AF0CC8" box="[800,984,883,909]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A22FF8D9C65073CE6FF0CC8" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[800,904,883,909]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
14296
</emphasis>
(holo-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9B72073BE13C0CCB" box="[1079,1099,884,910]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF807FAE7430C8A" blockId="15.[189,564,949,975]" box="[189,564,949,975]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9FF807FAE7430C8A" bold="true" box="[189,564,949,975]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9FF807FAE7430C8A" bold="true" box="[189,564,949,975]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF807ABE1C10BCF" blockId="15.[189,1399,995,1163]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A22FF8D9FF807ABE4E10CBB" box="[189,406,996,1022]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A22FF8D9EE307ACE7030CB8" box="[422,628,995,1021]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Toliara province</collectingRegion>
, Atsimo-Andrefana region, Sakaraha district, Sous bois forêt tropophile, forêt du Zombitsy, Sakaraha,
<date id="FF89AB805A22FF8D9DEF0048E65F0B65" box="[682,808,1030,1057]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1964-03">Mar. 1964</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9C710048E6AF0B64" box="[820,984,1031,1057]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bosser 19364</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9CAD0048E1620B64" box="[1000,1045,1031,1057]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BR</collectionCode>
). Menabe region, Morondava district, Kirindi forest, north part, piste de pointe de vue km 7, on road through dry forest, white sand,
<date id="FF89AB805A22FF8D9A1C0065E4470B22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2007-01-19">19 Jan. 2007</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9E7E0001E75F0B22" box="[315,552,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">De Block et al. 2173</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9D720002E7150B22" box="[567,610,1101,1127]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9D280002E7E80B22" box="[621,671,1101,1127]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9DEF0001E7CD0B2D" box="[682,698,1102,1128]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9D800002E6720B22" box="[709,773,1101,1127]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A22FF8D9C530002E1790B22" box="[790,1038,1101,1127]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Boeny region, Ambato Boeni district, RN d’Ankarafantsika,
<date id="FF89AB805A22FF8D9D6B003FE7B80BCF" box="[558,719,1136,1163]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-03-21">21 Mar. 2010</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9D9F003EE6BC0BCF" box="[730,971,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">De Block et al. 2369</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9C9F003FE1720BCF" box="[986,1029,1136,1162]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9B54003FE1340BCF" box="[1041,1091,1136,1162]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9B0A003EE1280BCE" box="[1103,1119,1137,1163]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A22FF8D9B2F003FE1DD0BCF" box="[1130,1194,1136,1162]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9FF800FEE12108FF" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF800FEE4390B8E" blockId="15.[189,334,1201,1227]" box="[189,334,1201,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9FF800FEE4390B8E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1201,1227]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9FF800FEE4390B8E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1201,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF800AFE12108FF" blockId="15.[189,1399,1248,1979]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Annual herb, up to
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9ED900AFE4930BBE" box="[412,484,1248,1275]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="23.0">23 cm</quantity>
tall; stems quadrangular in cross section, only sparsely branching, puberulous, green tinged reddish. Stipule base
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9D2B014CE79C0A5B" box="[622,747,1283,1310]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1 mm</quantity>
long, puberulous, slightly tinged red; fimbriae 3–4,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9FF80169E4260A04" box="[189,337,1318,1345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, beset with a few trichomes, with colleters in between. Leaves petiolate; petioles
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9FF80105E44A0A21" box="[189,317,1354,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–4 mm</quantity>
long, puberulous; blades ovate at the basal portion of the stem, 9.5–14.5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9B9F0105E0040A21" box="[1242,1395,1354,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–8.5 mm</quantity>
, narrowly ovate at the distal portion of the stem, 24 –50 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9C1B0122E6910ACD" box="[862,998,1389,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="12.1" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="9.0">9–15.2 mm</quantity>
, with a few trichomes particularly on the veins, darker green above, paler green below; base obtuse, attenuate or unequal; apex acuminate; margin scabrate; midvein prominent; secondary veins 3–6 on each side of the midvein, prominent; intersecondaries prominent. Inflorescences terminal or pseudo-axillary, single or compound dichasia, 3- to several-flowered, somewhat resembling a scorpioid cyme; peduncle
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9B6D01B5E1BD0951" box="[1064,1226,1530,1557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="0.65" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="21.5" valueMin="6.5">6.5–21.5 mm</quantity>
long, sparsely puberulous. Pedicels
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9E810252E72A097D" box="[452,605,1565,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–4.5 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous or puberulous. Flowers isostylous. Calyx green; tube reduced; lobes 2, narrowly ovate, 1.1–4 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9DB4020FE6FE091E" box="[753,905,1600,1627]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
, scabrate. Corolla white; tube cylindrical, 1.6–1.8 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9E70022CE4BC093B" box="[309,459,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
, glabrous; lobes 4, ovate, 0.7–1 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9C13022CE69C093B" box="[854,1003,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 mm</quantity>
, glabrous. Stamens inserted in the lower half of the corolla tube and included. Anthers ellipsoid,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9CE602C9E14F09E4" box="[931,1080,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
long; filaments dorsifixed, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9F9902E5E4430981" box="[220,308,1706,1732]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
long. Pollen 5- or 6-colporate, suboblate; E 27–28 μm; P 23–28 μm; ectocolpi short; endocolpi short; tectum bireticulate; suprareticulum microreticulate to reticulate, smooth; infrareticulum perforate with granules. Ovary 2-locular, depressed obovoid, 0.3–0.5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9CD202BFE15A084E" box="[919,1069,1776,1803]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.8 mm</quantity>
, glabrous; placenta attached near the middle of the septum, stalked, globose, bearing 1 ovule per locule. Style
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long, included, glabrous; stigma bilobed, lobes
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long, papillate; nectary disc bipartite. Capsules broadly depressed obovoid, 2–3 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9D1E0315E7AB0831" box="[603,732,1882,1909]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="4.4" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.8">3.8–5 mm</quantity>
, well-developed beak, crowned with the persistent calyx lobes, glabrous, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 1 per locule, ovate in outline, ventral groove present, 1.8–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9E6103EFE4C008FE" box="[292,439,1952,1979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
, black; seed coat surface reticulate; endosperm ruminate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A3DFF929FF803CCE58808A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827353/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[189,232,1923,1949]" targetBox="[313,1280,268,1879]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3DFF929FF803CCE58808A6" blockId="16.[189,1399,1923,2019]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929FF803CCE47A08D8" bold="true" box="[189,269,1923,1949]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A3DFF929E5303CCE62C08D8" authority="Jovet. A. Habit. B. Isostylous" box="[278,859,1923,1949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delicatula">
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929E5303CCE49908D8" box="[278,494,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Astiella delicatula</emphasis>
Jovet.
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929D0203CCE72B08D8" bold="true" box="[583,604,1923,1949]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929DFA03CCE7A408D8" bold="true" box="[703,723,1923,1949]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
. Isostylous
</taxonomicName>
flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929CFA03CCE6A308D8" bold="true" box="[959,980,1923,1949]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
. Open isostylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929A4203CCE06B08D8" bold="true" box="[1287,1308,1923,1949]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
. Ovary dissected to show placentation.
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929D6803E9E7360885" bold="true" box="[557,577,1958,1984]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E</emphasis>
. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. All from
<emphasis id="B94351525A3DFF929BCF03E8E0000885" box="[1162,1399,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">De Block et al. 2173</emphasis>
(BR).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A3CFF939FF80544E1890E33" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF80544E4210E60" blockId="17.[189,342,267,293]" box="[189,342,267,293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A3CFF939FF80544E4210E60" bold="true" box="[189,342,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A3CFF939FF80544E4210E60" bold="true" box="[189,342,267,293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF80575E1890E33" blockId="17.[189,1399,313,374]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
W
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A3CFF939F9A0576E4020E16" box="[223,373,313,339]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A3CFF939E3B0576E7020E16" box="[382,629,313,339]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Boeny region, Ambato Boeni district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A3CFF939B010576E07C0E16" box="[1092,1291,313,339]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Toliara province</collectingRegion>
, Atsimo- Andrefana region, Sakaraha district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A3CFF939D3D0513E6370E33" box="[632,832,348,374]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Toliara province</collectingRegion>
, Menabe region, Morondava district.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A3CFF939FF805D1E10F0EA3" box="[189,1144,414,487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF805D1E46A0EFD" blockId="17.[189,285,414,440]" box="[189,285,414,440]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A3CFF939FF805D1E46A0EFD" bold="true" box="[189,285,414,440]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A3CFF939FF805D1E46A0EFD" bold="true" box="[189,285,414,440]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF80582E10F0EA3" blockId="17.[189,1144,460,487]" box="[189,1144,460,487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Western dry forest; white sand or calcareous substrate; at
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elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A3CFF939FF80641E6C90C43" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF80641E4C20D6D" blockId="17.[189,437,526,552]" box="[189,437,526,552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A3CFF939FF80641E4C20D6D" bold="true" box="[189,437,526,552]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A3CFF939FF80641E4C20D6D" bold="true" box="[189,437,526,552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Conservation status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A3CFF939FF80673E6C90C43" blockId="17.[189,1399,572,774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
The species is known from three localities, representing three different locations.The extent of occurrence equals
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<superScript id="7C4220085A3CFF939E830611E4B80D29" attach="right" box="[454,463,606,620]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</superScript>
; the area of occupancy equals
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A3CFF939C030610E6E50D3C" box="[838,914,607,633]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A3CFF939CD10611E6EA0D29" attach="right" box="[916,925,606,620]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</superScript>
. Two collections were made within the boundaries of a protected area. The main threat for the species is the deterioration of its habitat caused by the high human pressure in the area, which has also been observed within the protected areas. A decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and area, extent, and/or quality of habitat is projected. The species is therefore considered endangered: EN B2ab(i,ii,iii).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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