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174 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c65461d2-4428-4f7e-a2d4-33b63e9f99ec" ID-PMC="PMC3690757" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-285-53" ID-PubMed="23798896" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-285-53" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 285" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic study of Chinese species of the alberti group of Metaphycus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)" checkinTime="1451247455147" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Ying, Li, Cheng-De & Zhang, Yan-Zhou" docDate="2013" docId="A7B0FDEE4ED7A975E524C62E5CC45A6E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 285: 53-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 285" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4142" docTitle="Metaphycus dispar Mercet 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFD21751FF996435FFE026783A6CFFD6" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic study of Chinese species of the alberti group of Metaphycus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1668155608786" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic study of Chinese species of the alberti group of Metaphycus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Ying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Cheng-De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Yan-Zhou</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>285</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4142</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4142</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-285-53</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042337" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7B0FDEE4ED7A975E524C62E5CC45A6E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7B0FDEE4ED7A975E524C62E5CC45A6E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Metaphycus_dispar" authority="Mercet, 1925" authorityName="Mercet" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus dispar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Metaphycus dispar (Mercet, 1925)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 15-22
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Euaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euaphycus dispar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Euaphycus dispar</taxonomicName>
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Mercet, 1925: 25-27. Lectotype ♀ (designated by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Noyes 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 174), Spain, IEE.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus tamakatakaigara" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamakatakaigara">Metaphycus tamakatakaigara</taxonomicName>
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Tachikawa, 1957: 27-30. Holotype female, Japan, KYUN. Synonymized with dispar by
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<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, VA" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR Zoologicheskii Instituta Akademii Nauk SSR, Leningrad" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 489" title="Parasitic Hymenoptera of the Fam. Encyrtidae of Palaearctics." volume="158" year="1989">Trjapitzin 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 232.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus dispar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Metaphycus dispar</taxonomicName>
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(Mercet);
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<bibRefCitation author="Sugonjaev, ES" journalOrPublisher="Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoy SSR (Otdelenie Biologicheskikh Nauk)" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="70 - 75" title="Morphological and biological peculiarities of Metaphycus dispar Mercet (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) - a parasite of Coccidae." volume="1" year="1971">Sugonjaev and Babaev 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 70-75.
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<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, VA" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli Nasekomykh Evropeyskoy Chasti SSR" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="236 - 328" title="Hymenoptera II. Chalcidoidea 7. Encyrtidae." volume="3" year="1978">Trjapitzin 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 314;
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<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, VA" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR Zoologicheskii Instituta Akademii Nauk SSR, Leningrad" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 489" title="Parasitic Hymenoptera of the Fam. Encyrtidae of Palaearctics." volume="158" year="1989">Trjapitzin 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 384;
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<bibRefCitation author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="147 - 222" title="Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00099.x" volume="25" year="2000">Guerrieri and Noyes 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 168.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="female">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Body length, including ovipositor, about 0.67mm. Frontovertex orange; orange in ocellar area, pale yellow between occipital margin and posterior ocelli; immaculate from occiput to base of mandible; mouth margin pale yellow below torulus; rest of head, except occiput, white; antenna (Fig. 15) with radicle yellow; scape mostly pale yellow and with a dark brown mark in middle, dorsal margin in middle brown; pedicel in proximal two thirds dark brown and distal one third white, dark brown area extending slightly towards apex externally and internally; F1-F3 dark brown, F4 pale brown, F5-F6 yellow-white, clava dark brown, becoming slightly paler towards apex, apex yellow; occiput with a large dark brown area above foramen, rest white; neck of pronotum black, posterior margin white, lateral spots relatively large and distinct, rest white; dorsum of thorax orange; sides and posterior margin of mesoscutum and axillae inconspicuously bordered brown; setae translucent pale orange, silvery in most lights; tegula white with apex pale brown; metanotum brown; mesopleuron white; prosternum and mesosternum white; legs (Figs 19-21) pale yellow; fore wing (Fig. 18) hyaline and with linea calva interrupted, venation yellow-brown; hind wing hyaline; propodeum medially pale brown, brown laterally, sides white; gaster dorsally mainly very pale brown, but basal tergite dark brown, sides and venter white; ovipositor sheath yellow.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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Head with polygonally reticulate sculpture and mesh size slightly less than that of one eye facet; ocelli forming an acute angle less than 35°; eye not quite reaching occipital margin, separated by much less than diameter of a facet; eye margins subparal
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="63" start="start">lel</pageBreakToken>
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with frontovertex slightly wider anteriorly; scrobes shallow and U-shaped; antenna (Fig. 15) with scape about 3.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.3×">-3.3x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad; funicle with F1-F4 smallest, subequal and transverse, F5 a little larger and F6 largest, linear sensilla only on F5 and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="64" start="start">F</pageBreakToken>
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6; clava 3-segmented, its apex more or less rounded but with a short slightly oblique truncation; mandible relatively broad with three subequal, apical teeth (Fig. 17); palpal formula 2-2 (Fig. 16), notaular lines virtually absent; fore wing venation and setation as in Fig. 18; ovipositor (Fig. 22) slightly exserted, about 4.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as ovipositor sheath.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Relative measurements: HW 9, FV 3,FVL 4, POL 2 AOL 3, OOL 0.5, OCL 1, POD 1, AOD 1, EL 6, EW 4, MS 3, SL 4.5, SW 1.5, FWL 28, FWW 11, HWL 15, HWW 4, OL 7, GL 1.6, MT 8.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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Length 0.7-0.8 mm. Very similar to female except for antenna, genitalia and darker coloration; torulus with several pores inside the lower margin. (
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<bibRefCitation author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="147 - 222" title="Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00099.x" volume="25" year="2000">Guerrieri and Noyes 2000</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="hosts">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ericerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ericerus pela" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pela">Ericerus pela</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eulecanium</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium douglasi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="douglasi">Eulecanium douglasi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium kunoense" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunoense">Eulecanium kunoense</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium rugulosum" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugulosum">Eulecanium rugulosum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium secretum" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretum">Eulecanium secretum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulecanium tiliae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiliae">Eulecanium tiliae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Parthenolecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parthenolecanium corni" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corni">Parthenolecanium corni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Parthenolecanium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parthenolecanium persicae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicae">Parthenolecanium persicae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pulvinaria" order="Pezizales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Pulvinaria</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pulvinaria vitis" order="Pezizales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="vitis">Pulvinaria vitis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName genus="Rhodococcus" lsidName="Rhodococcus turanicus" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="turanicus">Rhodococcus turanicus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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China (Beijing, Xinjiang), Japan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Canary Islands, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Madeira, Russia, Russia-Adygeyskaya, Russia-Altayskiy Kray, Russia-Buryatskaya Respublika, Russia-Sakhalin Oblast, Slovakia, Spain, United Kingdom, United Kingdom-England, former Yugoslavia, Georgia, USA, (
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<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, VA" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR Zoologicheskii Instituta Akademii Nauk SSR, Leningrad" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 489" title="Parasitic Hymenoptera of the Fam. Encyrtidae of Palaearctics." volume="158" year="1989">Trjapitzin 1989</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="147 - 222" title="Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00099.x" volume="25" year="2000">Guerrieri and Noyes 2000</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">China: 1♀, Xinjiang, Kurle, 1965.VI.9, Coll. D. X. Liao (IZCAS); 1♀, Beijing, Changping, 2011.IX.23 (IZCAS); 1♀, Jiangsu, Nianjing, 2011.VI. (IZCAS); 1♀, Liaoning, Shenyang, 1991.VI., Coll. J. X. Lou (IZCAS). France: 1♀, Corsica Propriano, 1989.VIII, Coll. J. S. Noyes (BMNH); Greece: 1♀, Corfu Ano Kourakiana, 1987.VIII.30, Coll. J. S. Noyes (BMNH); Japan: 1♀, Tokyo, 1981.VIII.2, Coll. Ikece & Carlson (BMNH).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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Scape mostly pale yellow and with a dark brown mark in middle, dorsal margin in middle brown, and about 3.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.3×">-3.3x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad; ovipositor slightly exserted, about 4.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as ovipositor sheath.See diagnosis under the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus alberti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alberti">Metaphycus alberti</taxonomicName>
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. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="147 - 222" title="Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00099.x" volume="25" year="2000">Guerrieri and Noyes (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus dispar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Metaphycus dispar</taxonomicName>
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is very close to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus kozari" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozari">Metaphycus kozari</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sugonjaev, ES" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" pagination="145 - 148" title="New Palaearctic species of the genus Metaphycus (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)." volume="55" year="1975">Sugonjaev (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
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Figures 15-22.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphycus dispar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Metaphycus dispar</taxonomicName>
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(Mercet) Female: 15 antenna 16 palpal formula 17 mandible 18 fore wing 19 fore leg 20 mid leg 21 hind leg 22 ovipositor.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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