treatments-xml/data/FA/72/99/FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24.xml

<document id="21F6937D05BCC88402B69BA5DA2EA159" ID-CLB-Dataset="305624" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1291cc93-8e68-4549-aa01-707303d302bf" checkinTime="1441192651534" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Joe A. Macgown, Terence L. Schiefer &amp; Michael G. Branstetter" docDate="2015" docId="FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24" docLanguage="en" docName="10.11646_zootaxa.4006.2.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4006 (2)" docTitle="Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="064BE108A22CFFA91808862EC445CF10" masterDocTitle="First record of the genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the United States" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="392" pageNumber="394" updateTime="1732855469272" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1B1A620658BB4EE8338BF459C6418FDA">First record of the genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the United States</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="54D800719E18DC9CB0D776DED90BCE61">Joe A. Macgown</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7CC896B07534304C4B8583BF4E8B83F6">Terence L. Schiefer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7644170A08A72E26C59CEC311F533AA8">Michael G. Branstetter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B6513BF05E1EF7190DA04DBDC0F31F7D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0261117551EAF562378111534DF258B5">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="458EC807969E90E92D9F08ECE85ED232">4006</mods:number>
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<treatment id="FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107715" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114917768" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107715" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Dorylinae">
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB189F86F3C64CCFE7" box="[151,521,221,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB189F86F3C64CCFE7" box="[151,521,221,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<heading id="292C9F0AA22EFFAB189F86F3C64CCFE7" bold="true" box="[151,521,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" reason="0">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB189F86F3C64CCFE7" box="[151,521,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB189F86F3C64CCFE7" bold="true" box="[151,521,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB189F86D1C557CE08" box="[151,274,255,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="description">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB189F86D1C557CE08" box="[151,274,255,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
(
<figureCitation id="EAE034E3A22EFFAB189786D1C4A9CE08" box="[159,236,255,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1527,1548]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis, male, holotype (MEM 207971): (A) head in full-face view, (B) petiole in dorsal view, (C) tergite VIII and exposed male genitalia in dorsal view, (D) sternite IX and exposed male genitalia in ventral view, (E) lateral habitus, and (F) dorsal habitus. Abbreviations: ASIX = ninth abdominal sternite, ATVIII = eighth abdominal tergite, Ax = axilla, Msp = mesopleuron, MsScl = mesoscutellum, MsSct = mesoscutum, Mtn = metanotum, P = petiole, Ped = Pedicel, Pm = paramere, Prnt = pronotum, Prpd = propodeum, Pv = Penivalva, Sc = Scape, and Vol = volsella." pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="EAE034E3A22EFFAB18F286D1C54CCE08" box="[250,265,255,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[195,1388,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[195,1388,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis, male, holotype (MEM 207971): (A) lateral habitus and (B) forewing and hindwing showing labeled veins. Abbreviations: 2 r-rs = second radial sector cross-vein, A = anal vein, C = costal vein, Cu = cubital vein, cu-a = cubital-anal cross-vein, ha = hamuli, M = medial vein, M + Cu = merged medial-cubital veins, Rs + M = merged medial and radial sector plus medial veins, Rs = radial sector, Sc + R = merged subcostal and radial veins." pageId="2" pageNumber="394">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB189F8766C53FCDD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB189F8766C53FCDD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
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:
</emphasis>
[
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] 
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, 
<collectingCounty id="9B0550EAA22EFFAB1A658769C754CE70" box="[621,785,327,352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Jeff Davis Co.</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="9200B21CA22EFFAB1B158769C7A9CE70" box="[797,1004,327,352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Davis Mts. St. Pk.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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', 
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° 
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' 
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&quot;N
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<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1CC68766C0BDCE70" box="[1230,1272,328,352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="103.0">103</number>
° 
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' 
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&quot;W
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, 
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<date id="06650EA6A22EFFAB1D7A8766C574CE94" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2014-07-22" valueMax="2014-07-25" valueMin="2014-07-22">
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D7A8766C4F6CE94" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="23.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="22.0">22– 25</number>
July 
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, 
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, 
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trap on hillside on highland grassland, 
<collectorName id="DF2E4DB0A22EFFAB1C188743C158CE94" box="[1040,1309,364,388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">W.H. Cross Expedition</collectorName>
. [
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deposited in 
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(
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), 
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, MA]. 
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code 
<specimenCode id="227D801DA22EFFAB1CF087BEC1DCCEB8" box="[1272,1433,400,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
MEM 
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.
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</emphasis>
: Two point-mounted 
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with the same data as the holotype but with unique 
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code: 
<specimenCode id="227D801DA22EFFAB189F87F6C57CCEE0" box="[151,313,472,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
MEM 
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and 
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MEM 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19CE87F6C65FCEE0" box="[454,538,472,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="207973.0">207973</number>
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[both 
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in Mississippi Entomological Museum (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1CB587F9C140CEE0" box="[1213,1285,471,496]" collectionName="USA, Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">MEM</collectionCode>
), Mississippi State, MS, 
<collectingCountry id="0ACC68F6A22EFFAB191D87D2C516CD04" box="[277,339,508,532]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
]
</materialsCitation>
; 
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and three 
<specimenCount id="64DDE3EFA22EFFAB19DE87D2C60BCD04" box="[470,590,508,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="generic">specimens</specimenCount>
, one point-mounted and two in 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BB087D2C791CD04" box="[952,980,508,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="95.0">95</number>
% ethanol, with the following collection data: [
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] 
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, 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="9200B21CA22EFFAB1ABA8431C7CFCD28" box="[690,906,543,568]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Davis Mts. St. Pk.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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', 
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° 
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'08&quot;N
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° 
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' 
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&quot;W
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, 
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July 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F846AC494CD4C" box="[151,209,580,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2014.0">2014</number>
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, 
<collectorName id="DF2E4DB0A22EFFAB18E8846BC532CD4C" box="[224,375,580,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">T.L. Schiefer</collectorName>
, 
<location id="77047EBDA22EFFAB198D846AC598CD4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA729970A22EFFAE189F86F3C13ACB24:77047EBDA22EFFAB198D846AC598CD4C" box="[389,477,580,604]" country="United States of America" county="Jeff Davis Co." latitude="30.602222" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.915276" municipality="Davis Mts. St. Pk." name="Malaise" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" stateProvince="TEXAS">Malaise</location>
trap in riparian area in desert scrub/grassland, 
<collectorName id="DF2E4DB0A22EFFAB1C0A846BC14FCD4C" box="[1026,1290,580,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">W.H. Cross Expedition</collectorName>
with unique 
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codes: 
<specimenCode id="227D801DA22EFFAB19538446C5BECD90" box="[347,507,616,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
MEM 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19AF8446C5BECD90" box="[423,507,616,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="207974.0">207974</number>
</specimenCode>
[point mounted 
<specimenCount id="64DDE3EFA22EFFAB1AB58449C763CD90" box="[701,806,615,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
deposited in 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1BCC8446C049CD90" box="[964,1036,616,640]" collectionName="USA, Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">MEM</collectionCode>
], 
<specimenCode id="227D801DA22EFFAB1C288446C084CD90" box="[1056,1217,616,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
MEM 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C658446C084CD90" box="[1133,1217,616,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="207975.0">207975</number>
</specimenCode>
[preserved in 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D618446C1C0CD90" box="[1385,1413,616,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="95.0">95</number>
% ethanol for DNA study, deposited in 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1A5284A2C6E5CDB4" box="[602,672,652,676]" collectionName="USA, Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">MEM</collectionCode>
] and 
<specimenCode id="227D801DA22EFFAB1AE184A3C7CBCDB4" box="[745,910,652,676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
MEM 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B3184A2C7CBCDB4" box="[825,910,652,676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="207976.0">207976</number>
</specimenCode>
[preserved in 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C4A84A2C018CDB4" box="[1090,1117,652,676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="95.0">95</number>
% ethanol for DNA study, deposited in 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB192E849EC52ACDD8" box="[294,367,688,712]" collectionName="USA, Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">MEM</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB18CF84FBC7C7CCD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="description">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF84FBC0BCCC24" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB18CF84FBC6C0CDFC" bold="true" box="[199,645,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<typeStatus id="AD6096C4A22EFFAB18CF84FBC576CDFC" box="[199,307,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Holotype</typeStatus>
measurements and indices:
</emphasis>
HW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1ACE84FAC6BFCDFC" box="[710,762,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.24">0.24</number>
, HL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B3E84FAC72FCDFC" box="[822,874,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.24">0.24</number>
, EL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BAB84FAC793CDFC" box="[931,982,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.11">0.11</number>
, MDL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C2384FAC01ACDFC" box="[1067,1119,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.13">0.13</number>
, SL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C9E84FAC08FCDFC" box="[1174,1226,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.08">0.08</number>
, PedL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D1484FAC115CDFC" box="[1308,1360,724,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.06">0.06</number>
, FlaLI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F84D6C48FCC00" box="[151,202,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.04">0.04</number>
, FlaLII 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB192D84D6C51CCC00" box="[293,345,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.04">0.04</number>
, FlaLXI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19B784D6C5B7CC00" box="[447,498,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.12">0.12</number>
, MH 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A3B84D6C623CC00" box="[563,614,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.29">0.29</number>
, ML 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1AAC84D6C692CC00" box="[676,727,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.46">0.46</number>
, PrW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B1684D6C714CC00" box="[798,849,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.2">0.20</number>
, PW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B8784D6C787CC00" box="[911,962,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.09">0.09</number>
, PL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BFF84D6C06FCC00" box="[1015,1066,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.07">0.07</number>
, AIIIW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C8084D6C0F9CC00" box="[1160,1212,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.14">0.14</number>
, AIIIL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D1984D6C101CC00" box="[1297,1348,760,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.07">0.07</number>
, AIVW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F8532C48FCC24" box="[151,202,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.2">0.20</number>
, AIVL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19288532C516CC24" box="[288,339,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.09">0.09</number>
, FFeW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19A48532C59ACC24" box="[428,479,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.05">0.05</number>
, FFeL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A278532C627CC24" box="[559,610,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.23">0.23</number>
, HFeL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1ABE8532C6ACCC24" box="[694,745,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.24">0.24</number>
, HTiL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B318532C729CC24" box="[825,876,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.26">0.26</number>
, FWL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BB28532C7A8CC24" box="[954,1005,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="1.46">1.46</number>
, CI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C148532C00DCC24" box="[1052,1096,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="100.0">100</number>
, MI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C758532C0DECC24" box="[1149,1179,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="63.0">63</number>
, PI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1CCF8532C0B0CC24" box="[1223,1269,796,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="128.0">128</number>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF8511C7C7CCD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB18CF8511C725CC48" box="[199,864,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
Additional 
<typeStatus id="AD6096C4A22EFFAB194C856EC5EDCC48" box="[324,424,832,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">paratype</typeStatus>
measurements and indices (two males)
</emphasis>
: HW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BAD856EC79DCC48" box="[933,984,832,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.24">0.24</number>
, HL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C19856EC001CC48" box="[1041,1092,832,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.22">0.22</number>
, EL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C71856EC0AECC48" box="[1145,1259,832,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.1" valueMax="0.11" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.11</number>
, MDL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D34856EC12ACC48" box="[1340,1391,832,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.13">0.13</number>
, SL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F854AC48FCC6C" box="[151,202,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.09">0.09</number>
, PedL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1913854AC5CBCC6C" box="[283,398,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.065" valueMax="0.07" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.07</number>
, FlaLI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19EA854AC650CC6C" box="[482,533,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.04">0.04</number>
, FlaLII 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A7B854AC6E3CC6C" box="[627,678,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.04">0.04</number>
, FlaLXI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B07854AC7C5CC6C" box="[783,896,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.11499999999999999" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.12</number>
, MH 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1BCB854AC073CC6C" box="[963,1078,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.305" valueMax="0.31" valueMin="0.3">0.30–0.31</number>
, ML 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C7E854AC0ADCC6C" box="[1142,1256,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.455" valueMax="0.46" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.46</number>
, PrW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D3A854AC120CC6C" box="[1330,1381,868,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.18">0.18</number>
, PW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F85A6C54CCCB0" box="[151,265,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.07500000000000001" valueMax="0.08" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.08</number>
, PL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB194885A6C5F6CCB0" box="[320,435,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.065" valueMax="0.07" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.07</number>
, AIIIW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A1C85A6C602CCB0" box="[532,583,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.15">0.15</number>
, AIIIL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A9785A6C757CCB0" box="[671,786,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.085" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.10</number>
, AIVW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B7C85A6C7A2CCB0" box="[884,999,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.185" valueMax="0.19" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.19</number>
, AIVL 
<geoCoordinate id="17EF4EA1A22EFFAB1C4885A6C0C4CCB0" box="[1088,1153,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
0 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C4585A6C0C4CCB0" box="[1101,1153,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.1">0.10</number>
</geoCoordinate>
, FFeW 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1CD685A6C154CCB0" box="[1246,1297,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.05">0.05</number>
, FFeL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D6C85A6C1D2CCB0" box="[1380,1431,904,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.21">0.21</number>
, HFeL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB18D78582C557CCD4" box="[223,274,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.23">0.23</number>
, HTiL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB196A8582C5D3CCD4" box="[354,406,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.26">0.26</number>
, FWL 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19EC8582C652CCD4" box="[484,535,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="1.38">1.38</number>
, CI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A4E8582C637CCD4" box="[582,626,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="109.0">109</number>
, MI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1AAF8582C6AACCD4" box="[679,751,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="67.0" valueMax="69.0" valueMin="65.0">65–69</number>
, PI 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B138582C73BCCD4" box="[795,894,940,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="115.5" valueMax="117.0" valueMin="114.0">114–117</number>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB18CF85FEC0D9CCF8" box="[199,1180,975,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF85FEC0D9CCF8" box="[199,1180,975,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB18CF85FEC508CCF8" bold="true" box="[199,333,976,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the Chihuahuan Desert region where specimens were collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAB18CF85DAC10AC914" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF85DAC10AC914" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB18CF85DAC5DBCB1C" bold="true" box="[199,414,1012,1036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Diagnosis (male).</emphasis>
Of the six males that have been described in the 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB1C3885DAC094CB1C" box="[1072,1233,1012,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1C3885DAC094CB1C" box="[1072,1233,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB1D8D85DBC500CB20" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="502" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1D8D85DBC500CB20" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB1D8D85DBC1DDCB1C" box="[1413,1432,1013,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">L</taxonomicName>
. chihuahuaensis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B338236C70DCB20" box="[827,840,1048,1072]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="1.0">1</number>
&quot; from southern Mexico described by Borowiec &amp; Longino (
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB190E8212C507CB44" box="[262,322,1084,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2011.0">2011</number>
). 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB195D8212C6EECB44" box="[341,683,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB195D8212C5B0CB44" box="[341,501,1084,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
chihuahuaensis
</emphasis>
differs from &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1C408212C010CB44" box="[1096,1109,1084,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="1.0">1</number>
&quot; by having finer and sparser pilosity, in dorsal view the petiole being widened anteriorly and posteriorly, parameres being narrower and incurved, and the hindwing having three hamuli (instead of two). Males of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB1BED82ABC0F4CB8C" box="[997,1201,1156,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="573" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1BED82ABC0F4CB8C" box="[997,1201,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from males of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB189F8286C661CBD0" authority="Kusnezov, 1953" authorityName="Kusnezov" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,548,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="golbachi">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB189F8286C52CCBD0" box="[151,361,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Amyrmex golbachi</emphasis>
Kusnezov, 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19E48286C661CBD0" box="[492,548,1192,1216]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="1953.0">1953</number>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking submarginal cells and a stigma in the forewing, possessing a free M vein, and having a larger paramere (about as long as petiole); from 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1BC782E3C026CBF4" box="[975,1123,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. mckennae</emphasis>
Longino 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1CD482E2C151CBF4" box="[1244,1300,1228,1252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2003.0">2003</number>
by lacking submarginal cells and a stigma in forewing and having a much shorter paramere (in side view) (Ward 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D1D82C1C114CA18" box="[1301,1361,1263,1288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2007.0">2007</number>
); from 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB189F833BC55BCA3C" box="[151,286,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. nubecula</emphasis>
Donaso, Vieira &amp; Wild, 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A4B833AC63ECA3C" box="[579,635,1300,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2006.0">2006</number>
by being light to medium brown instead of dark brownish-black and being much smaller (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB19A98319C58DCA40" box="[417,456,1335,1360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">HL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="B5238583A22EFFAB19D18316C635CA40" box="[473,624,1335,1360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.842" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="5.587999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" unit="in" value="0.22999999999999998" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.22">0.22–0.24 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB1A898317C712CA40" box="[641,855,1335,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="677" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1A898317C712CA40" box="[641,855,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1B918317C7FACA40" box="[921,959,1337,1360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">HL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="B5238583A22EFFAB1BD88316C06DCA40" box="[976,1064,1335,1360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" unit="in" value="0.32">0.32 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB1C318317C082CA40" box="[1081,1223,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. nubecula</emphasis>
), and from both &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB19968372C5E9CA64" box="[414,428,1372,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2.0">2</number>
and male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A288372C66BCA64" box="[544,558,1372,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="3.0">3</number>
&quot; (Borowiec &amp; Longino 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1B488372C73DCA64" box="[832,888,1372,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2011.0">2011</number>
) by the much smaller size (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1CA48372C097CA64" box="[1196,1234,1372,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">HL</collectionCode>
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1CD18372C10CCA64" box="[1241,1353,1372,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.22999999999999998" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.22">0.22–0.24</number>
vs. 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB1D7F8373C1D9CA64" box="[1399,1436,1373,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">HL</collectionCode>
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB189F83AEC542CA88" box="[151,263,1408,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="0.315" valueMax="0.33" valueMin="0.3">0.30–0.33</number>
of &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1A3083AEC603CA88" box="[568,582,1408,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2.0">2</number>
and male 
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1AB58351C68ECA88" box="[701,715,1407,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="3.0">3</number>
&quot;) and by lacking submarginal cells and stigma in the forewing. Five other male morphotypes unassociated with workers were briefly discussed by Ward &amp; Brady (
<number id="C4133A41A22EFFAB1D5B838AC1D5CAAC" box="[1363,1424,1444,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" value="2009.0">2009</number>
). 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB189F83E9C5B6CAF0" box="[151,499,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB189F83E9C572CAF0" box="[151,311,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
chihuahuaensis
</emphasis>
differs from each of these by lacking submarginal cells and a stigma in the forewing. Geographically, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22EFFAB19CB83C3C6CBC914" box="[451,654,1516,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="782" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB19CB83C3C6CBC914" box="[451,654,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species thus far know to occur in the United States.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22EFFAF18CF803FC540CE0C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" type="description">
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF803FC564C9A8" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22EFFAB18CF803FC5DEC938" box="[199,411,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Description (male)</emphasis>
: Body size minute. Color light yellowish-brown, head and margins of abdominal segments IV–VII darker, appendages (antennae, mandibles, legs) lighter. Integument mostly smooth and shiny, with simple curved to strongly curved suberect to decumbent setae; pilosity on head, mesosoma, petiole, and first gastral tergite (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22EFFAB18978052C494C984" box="[159,209,1660,1684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">AIII</collectionCode>
) scattered and not obscuring the shininess of the integument; pilosity denser on remainder of gaster and appendages.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22EFFAB18CF80EAC61CC8A4" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Head in full-face view excluding eyes about as long as wide, widest above eyes; posterior corners of head evenly rounded. Eyes large, bulging, occupying almost half the side of head. Ocelli small, protruding slightly, arranged in almost an equilateral triangle, but with distance between lateral ocelli slightly greater than distance between lateral ocellus and median ocellus; distance between median ocellus and eye approximately the length of eye. Clypeus short, tranverse, lacking lamelli; lateroclypeal teeth and hypostomal teeth lacking. Mandible slender, falcate; apex blunt; masticatory margin edentate; external margin of mandible mostly evenly curved along its length; mandible tips overlap at closure.</paragraph>
<caption id="26A478EEA22FFFAA189F83D9C032C997" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1505]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="72642866A22FFFAA189F83D9C032C997" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22FFFAA189F83D9C551C91C" bold="true" box="[151,276,1527,1548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22FFFAA191383D8C614C91D" box="[283,593,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22FFFAA191383D8C5E9C91D" box="[283,428,1526,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
chihuahuaensis
</emphasis>
, male, holotype (MEM 207971): (A) head in full-face view, (B) petiole in dorsal view, (C) tergite VIII and exposed male genitalia in dorsal view, (D) sternite IX and exposed male genitalia in ventral view, (E) lateral habitus, and (F) dorsal habitus. Abbreviations: ASIX = ninth abdominal sternite, ATVIII = eighth abdominal tergite, Ax = axilla, Msp = mesopleuron, MsScl = mesoscutellum, MsSct = mesoscutum, Mtn = metanotum, P = petiole, Ped = Pedicel, Pm = paramere, Prnt = pronotum, Prpd = propodeum, Pv = Penivalva, Sc = Scape, and Vol = volsella.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="72642866A22FFFAA18CF8080C4A0C86B" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
Antennal sockets circular and exposed, located at the anterior clypeal margin with anterior edge of sockets slightly overlapping anterior clypeal margin. Antenna 
<number id="C4133A41A22FFFAA1B0680FDC762C9FB" box="[782,807,1747,1771]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" value="13.0">13</number>
-merous; scape, pedicel, and each flagellomere longer than wide. Scape length about twice the length of the first flagellomere, and about the combined length of the first and second flagellomere; scape subequal to the length of ultimate flagellomere; pedicel thickened, length about 
<number id="C4133A41A22FFFAA1D718135C1D9C823" box="[1401,1436,1819,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" value="1.5">1.5</number>
times width; flagellomeres 
<number id="C4133A41A22FFFAA19DA8111C641C847" box="[466,516,1855,1879]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" value="6.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="1.0">1-11</number>
each at least twice as long as wide; first and second flagellomeres subequal in length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22FFFAC18CF81A9C7B4CE74" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
Pronotum U-shaped in dorsal view, reduced anteromedially to a thin horizontal strip, set below the level of the dorsally protruding mesonotum; pronotum triangular in lateral view, with pointed posterior apex directed toward wing base. Mesoscutum lacking notauli; parapsidal lines not discernable. Axillae depressed, not meeting medially, connected by a narrow furrow. Tegula, or tegula-like structure present at wing base, minute, inconspicuous, with 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1D8D86B6C4E0CFC4" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2- 3</number>
erect setae. Mesopleuron lacking oblique transverse sulcus, not divided into anepisternum and katepisternum. Mesoscutellum prominently bulging, as seen in lateral view. Metapleural gland not discernable. Propodeum with dorsal and declivious surfaces not differentiated, evenly rounded. Propodeal spiracle small, ovate, positioned slightly below midheight of propodeum and slightly posterior to the midlength. Legs slender, mesotibia and metatibia each with two simple spurs, pretarsal claw lacking preapical tooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="26A478EEA228FFAD189F8159C14BC8F9" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" targetBox="[195,1388,193,1886]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="72642866A228FFAD189F8159C14BC8F9" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A228FFAD189F8159C55CC89D" bold="true" box="[151,281,1911,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="40AFF474A228FFAD192D8159C61AC89D" box="[293,607,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A228FFAD192D8159C5F3C89D" box="[293,438,1911,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
chihuahuaensis
</emphasis>
, male, holotype (MEM 207971): (A) lateral habitus and (B) forewing and hindwing showing labeled veins. Abbreviations: 2r-rs =second radial sector cross-vein, A = anal vein, C = costal vein, Cu = cubital vein, cu-a = cubital-anal cross-vein, ha = hamuli, M = medial vein, M+Cu = merged medial-cubital veins, Rs+M = merged medial and radial sector plus medial veins, Rs = radial sector, Sc+R = merged subcostal and radial veins.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC18CF8741C06ACC4C" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
Wings with reduced venation; clear; fringed with short to longer fine setae; with numerous short, fine microsetae evenly distributed across wing surfaces and with scattered longer setae present. Fore wing: Costal (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1D8887BAC1D6CEBC" box="[1408,1427,404,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">C</collectionCode>
) vein present, about ½ the length of wing, tubular basally for less than ¼ the length of wing, then becoming nebulous before fading out completely. Pterostigma not present. Subcostal and radial veins fused forming Sc+R; located just below and parallel to costal vein, approximately the same length as costal vein and similarly tubular for about ½ of its length before becoming nebulous. Medial (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1B36840AC71DCD2C" box="[830,856,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">M</collectionCode>
) and cubital (Cu) veins fused (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1CC3840AC0A0CD2C" box="[1227,1253,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">M</collectionCode>
+Cu), nebulous, slightly less than ¼ of the wing length. Anal (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1AA68469C681CD70" box="[686,708,583,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">A</collectionCode>
) vein present beneath M+Cu, about the same length as M+Cu, tubular for slightly more than half of its length before becoming nebulous; apically M+Cu connected to A by nebulous crossvein cu-a; subbasal cell present between M+Cu and A. Branching upward from the top of Cu-a is the tubular abscissa Rs+M (the joined veins M·f 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1AA0849AC6F7CDDC" box="[680,690,692,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="1.0">1</number>
and Rs+ 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1B29849AC77ECDDC" box="[801,827,692,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">M</collectionCode>
). Radial sector (Rs), tubular, branches upward from Rs+M, then becomes nebulous just past the nebulous/spectral crossvein 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1BC784F6C799CDE0" box="[975,988,728,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="2.0">2</number>
r-rs (
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1C1D84F9C058CDE0" box="[1045,1053,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="1.0">1</number>
r-rs is absent). M branches off of Rs+M just before Rs, appearing spectral basally then continuing as a nebulous vein that does not reach the wing margin. Cu is present as a nebulous vein that branches off near the apex of A; Cu does not reach the wing margin. Posterior margin of fore wing with narrow, conspicuous fold where hamuli attach.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC18CF8549C704CCD8" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Hind wing with Sc+R present, tubular basally before becoming nebulous, less than ¼ the length of wing. No other veins present. Anterior margin of hind wing past midlength with a thin, but conspicuous dark stigma. Three hamuli present in the region of the stigma. Jugal lobe absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC18CF85FAC5E0CA68" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
Petiole (abdominal segment 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1A1A85FAC660CCFC" box="[530,549,980,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">II</collectionCode>
) subquadrate in lateral view, about as long as high or wide, not constricted posteriorly; in dorsal view anterior corners widened, sides slightly constricted, appearing shallowly concave before widening posteriorly; petiole broadly joined to abdominal segment III; petiolar spiracle located on anterior third of the segment, near anterodorsal extremity. Abdominal segment III larger than petiole, not developed as postpetiole, and not separated from abdominal segment IV by a constriction. Abdominal spiracles III, IV, V, and VI located on anterior third of tergites (abdominal spiracle 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A229FFAC1AA282A7C694CBB0" box="[682,721,1161,1184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">VII</collectionCode>
not visible in examined specimens). Abdominal tergite VIII (pygidium) small, simple and visible dorsally, not entirely covered by abdominal tergite VII. Pygostyli absent. Abdominal sternite IX (subgenital plate) with posterior margin broadly concave, but with a median subtriangular process. Paramere (basimere + telomere) small (about the length of petiole); basimere roughly triangular, widest at base, narrowing to incurved falcate telomere that terminates in a blunt apex. Volsella triangular, with slightly rounded apex; volsella not differentiated into digitus and cuspis. Penisvalva elongate triangular, extending to about as far as paramere apex.
</paragraph>
<caption id="26A478EEA229FFAC189F8386C5AECAEF" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[159,1390,1562,1863]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC189F8386C5AECAEF" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC189F8386C54CCAAF" bold="true" box="[151,265,1448,1471]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Information for six 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A229FFAC19D78389C632CAAF" box="[479,631,1447,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC19D78389C632CAAF" box="[479,631,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens that have available 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1BB78389C7A8CAAF" box="[959,1005,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">COI</emphasis>
sequence data: species name, country of origin, GenBank and BOLD accession numbers, length of COI sequence fragment, and uncorrected (p) distance as compared to 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A229FFAC192A83C6C5A1CAEF" box="[290,484,1511,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="2151" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC192A83C6C5A1CAEF" box="[290,484,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC18978034C143C857" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<table id="00DBDAC6A229FFAC18978034C143C857" box="[159,1390,1562,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC18978034C12BC920" box="[159,1390,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC18978034C4A9C920" box="[159,236,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Species</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC19848034C59BC920" box="[396,478,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Country</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B8034C6BAC920" box="[659,767,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">GenBank#</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B368034C7D5C920" box="[830,912,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">BOLD#</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C118034C0E2C920" box="[1049,1191,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">COI Size (bp)</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD18034C12BC920" box="[1241,1390,1562,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">p-distance (%)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC1897806AC0A7C94A" box="[159,1390,1604,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1897806AC578C968" box="[159,317,1604,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A229FFAC1897806AC575C94A" box="[159,304,1604,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1897806AC575C94A" box="[159,304,1604,1626]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1897804CC578C968" box="[159,317,1634,1656]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1984806AC654C94A" box="[396,529,1604,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">USA (Texas)</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B806AC744C94A" box="[659,769,1604,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">KT007966</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B36806AC718C94A" box="[830,861,1604,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">n/a</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C11806AC07AC94A" box="[1049,1087,1604,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">658</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD2806BC0A7C94A" box="[1242,1250,1605,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC189780A3C143C9B2" box="[159,1390,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC189780A3C542C9B2" box="[159,263,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC189780A3C542C9B2" box="[159,263,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC198480A2C607C9B2" box="[396,578,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Mexico (Chiapas)</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B80A2C6F7C9B2" box="[659,690,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">n/a</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B3680A2C7AFC9B2" box="[830,1002,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">ASLAM1070-11</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C1180A2C07AC9B2" box="[1049,1087,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">282</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD280A2C143C9B2" box="[1242,1286,1676,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">10.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC18978098C143C9DB" box="[159,1390,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC18978098C542C9DB" box="[159,263,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC18978098C542C9DB" box="[159,263,1717,1739]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1984809BC5AAC9DB" box="[396,495,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Honduras</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B809BC6F7C9DB" box="[659,690,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">n/a</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B36809BC7ACC9DB" box="[830,1001,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">ASLAM1144-11</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C11809BC07AC9DB" box="[1049,1087,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">658</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD2809BC143C9DB" box="[1242,1286,1717,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC189780F1C0BCC9E5" box="[159,1390,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC189780F1C542C9E5" box="[159,263,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC189780F1C542C9E5" box="[159,263,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC198480F0C5ABC9E5" box="[396,494,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Honduras</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B80F0C6B3C9E5" box="[659,758,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">JF863464</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B3680F0C798C9E5" box="[830,989,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">ASLAM381-11</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C1180F0C07AC9E5" box="[1049,1087,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">525</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD280F0C0BCC9E5" box="[1242,1273,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">8.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC18978127C143C80E" box="[159,1390,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC18978127C553C80E" box="[159,278,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC18978127C553C80E" box="[159,278,1800,1822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L. nubecula</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC19848126C5A4C80E" box="[396,481,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Ecuador</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B8126C741C80E" box="[659,772,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">DQ353302</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B368126C79FC80E" box="[830,986,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">GBAH2069-06</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C118126C07AC80E" box="[1049,1087,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">844</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD28126C143C80E" box="[1242,1286,1800,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">20.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="064BEF76A229FFAC1897811CC143C857" box="[159,1390,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1897811CC553C857" box="[159,278,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1897811CC4F1C857" box="[159,180,1842,1863]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L.</emphasis>
MAS001
</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1984811FC5BEC857" box="[396,507,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Costa Rica</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1A9B811FC6BAC857" box="[659,767,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">KF371235</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1B36811FC79BC857" box="[830,990,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">ACGAG099-11</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1C11811FC07AC857" box="[1049,1087,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">503</td>
<td id="064BEF78A229FFAC1CD2811FC143C857" box="[1242,1286,1841,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">10.6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A229FFAC18CF81A2C1D9C8FC" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC18CF81A2C5DCC8B4" bold="true" box="[199,409,1932,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Analysis of COI.</emphasis>
A 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC19CF81A2C5B4C8B4" box="[455,497,1932,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="658.0">658</number>
bp region of the mitochondrial gene 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1BB381A2C7B7C8B4" box="[955,1010,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">COI,</emphasis>
the barcode region, was sequenced successfully and the resulting consensus sequence was submitted to GenBank (
<tableCitation id="3F591DDDA229FFAC1C35819EC0D0C8D8" box="[1085,1173,1968,1992]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[159,1390,1562,1863]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Information for six Leptanilloides specimens that have available COI sequence data: species name, country of origin, GenBank and BOLD accession numbers, length of COI sequence fragment, and uncorrected (p) distance as compared to L. chihuahuaensis." pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
Table 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1C80819EC0D0C8D8" box="[1160,1173,1968,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="1.0">1</number>
</tableCitation>
). Five additional 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1D64819EC1D9C8D8" box="[1388,1436,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">COI</emphasis>
sequences for 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A229FFAC193E81FAC593C8FC" box="[310,470,2004,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC193E81FAC593C8FC" box="[310,470,2004,2028]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found and downloaded from the BOLD database (
<tableCitation id="3F591DDDA229FFAC1C4D81FAC0D2C8FC" box="[1093,1175,2004,2028]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[159,1390,1562,1863]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Information for six Leptanilloides specimens that have available COI sequence data: species name, country of origin, GenBank and BOLD accession numbers, length of COI sequence fragment, and uncorrected (p) distance as compared to L. chihuahuaensis." pageId="5" pageNumber="397">
Table 
<number id="C4133A41A229FFAC1C8381FAC0D2C8FC" box="[1163,1175,2004,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="397" value="1.0">1</number>
</tableCitation>
), including three for 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A229FFAC1D8D81FBC1D9C8FC" box="[1413,1436,2005,2028]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="397">L.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF189F86B9C540CE0C" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF189F86B9C4A8CFA0" box="[151,237,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">gracilis</emphasis>
Borowiec &amp; Longino (southern Mexico, Honduras), one for 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1B9486B6C065CFA0" box="[924,1056,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. nubecula</emphasis>
Donoso 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C8E86B6C0FACFA0" box="[1158,1215,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
(Ecuador), and one for an undescribed species 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19D68693C5B0CFC4" box="[478,501,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L.</emphasis>
MAS001 (Costa Rica). Comparing 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1BA08693C03FCFC4" box="[936,1146,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="2349" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1BA08693C03FCFC4" box="[936,1146,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the other specimens, pairwise genetic distances were all above 8.0%, ranging from 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1B5986CEC731CFE8" box="[849,884,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="8.2">8.2</number>
% (
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1B9486CEC04ACFE8" box="[924,1039,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. gracilis</emphasis>
, Honduras) to 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1CB086CEC0ACCFE8" box="[1208,1257,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="20.1">20.1</number>
% (
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D1886CEC1D0CFE8" box="[1296,1429,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. nubecula</emphasis>
, Ecuador).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22AFFAF189F874BC0B1C930" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF189F874BC55ECE6F" box="[151,283,357,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<heading id="292C9F0AA22AFFAF189F874BC55ECE6F" bold="true" box="[151,283,357,383]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" reason="0">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF189F874BC55ECE6F" bold="true" box="[151,283,357,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Discussion</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF189F8782C53BCCAC" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
Of the 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF18E18782C540CED4" box="[233,261,428,452]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="16.0">16</number>
species in the 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19BA8782C617CED4" box="[434,594,428,452]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19BA8782C617CED4" box="[434,594,428,452]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group, males of only three have been given species names, and of those three, only males of 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19B487FEC605CEF8" box="[444,576,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. nubecula</emphasis>
Donoso, Vieira &amp; Wild and 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1B8887FEC048CEF8" box="[896,1037,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. mckennae</emphasis>
Longino were associated with their respective worker castes (Donosa 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1A1187DBC617CD1C" box="[537,594,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A5187DAC6D4CD1C" box="[601,657,500,524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2006.0">2006</number>
,Ward 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1AD487DAC75DCD1C" box="[732,792,500,524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2007.0">2007</number>
). The description of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C0B87DAC093CD1C" box="[1027,1238,500,524]" class="Insecta" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="golbachi">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C0B87DAC093CD1C" box="[1027,1238,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Amyrmex golbachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based solely on the male caste (Kusnezov 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF19F18439C671CD20" box="[505,564,535,560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1953.0">1953</number>
). Three other male morphotypes were described by Borowiec &amp; Longino (
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF18978412C49FCD44" box="[159,218,572,596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
), but, because they were unassociated with workers, they could not be certain of their specific identities. Therefore, Borowiec &amp; Longino (
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A168471C612CD68" box="[542,599,607,632]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
) simply referred to these male morphotypes as Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1D8F844EC1D0CD68" box="[1415,1429,608,632]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1.0">1</number>
, male 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF18DD84AAC4A1CD8C" box="[213,228,644,668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2.0">2</number>
, and male 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF195784AAC52ACD8C" box="[351,367,644,668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="3.0">3</number>
. Borowiec &amp; Longino (
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A7484AAC6F0CD8C" box="[636,693,644,668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
) stated that &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1C4084AAC011CD8C" box="[1096,1108,644,668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1.0">1</number>
&quot; was likely conspecific with 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF189F8486C549CDD0" box="[151,268,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. gracilis</emphasis>
Borowiec &amp; Longino, 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A1F8486C60BCDD0" box="[535,590,680,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
based on various shared morphological features, the relatively small size, and the largely sympatric distribution of &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1B9984E2C7D8CDF4" box="[913,925,716,740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1.0">1</number>
&quot; and workers of 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C7D84E3C0A8CDF4" box="[1141,1261,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. gracilis</emphasis>
. The status of Leptanilloidinae males 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF19AE84DEC5F0CC18" box="[422,437,752,776]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2.0">2</number>
and 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF19FC84DEC647CC18" box="[500,514,752,776]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="3.0">3</number>
is less clear. These male morphotypes might represent the males of described species in the group or they may be new species. While searching unidentified material in the Bohart Museum of Entomology collection (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22AFFAF19AE8519C5BCCC40" box="[422,505,823,848]" collectionName="USA, California, Davis, University of California, R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">UCDC</collectionCode>
), Ward &amp; Brady (
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1AC98519C6BECC40" box="[705,763,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2009.0">2009</number>
) discovered several male 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C288519C085CC40" box="[1056,1216,823,848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C288519C085CC40" box="[1056,1216,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group males that represent at least five more species in the group. These appeared to belong to 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C998572C0BECC64" box="[1169,1275,860,884]" class="Insecta" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C998572C0BECC64" box="[1169,1275,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Amyrmex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and possibly 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF189F8551C52BCC88" box="[151,366,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF189F8551C52FCC88" box="[151,362,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
although it is not clear whether they represented new species or were the males of described species in the group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF18CF85E9C7DECBA8" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
All of the described species and even the undescribed males discussed by Ward &amp; Brady (
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1D0185E9C106CCF0" box="[1289,1347,967,992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2009.0">2009</number>
) in the 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF189F85C2C572CB14" box="[151,311,1004,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF189F85C2C572CB14" box="[151,311,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group have exclusively Neotropical distributions ranging from Chiapas, Mexico (Borowiec &amp; Longino 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF18F58221C570CB38" box="[253,309,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
) to southeastern Brazil (Silva 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1A84823FC681CB38" box="[652,708,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1AC48221C74DCB38" box="[716,776,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2013.0">2013</number>
). Based on reported specimen data, members of this genus group have been collected mostly in cloud forests (Borowiec &amp; Longino, 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1BDB821AC048CB5C" box="[979,1037,1076,1100]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2011.0">2011</number>
; Brandão 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C77821BC0FDCB5C" box="[1151,1208,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1CB6821AC0BCCB5C" box="[1214,1273,1076,1100]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1999.0">1999</number>
; Donoso 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D6C821BC1D8CB5C" box="[1380,1437,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF189F8276C497CB60" box="[151,210,1112,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2006.0">2006</number>
; Longino 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF19458276C5C2CB60" box="[333,391,1112,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2003.0">2003</number>
, Silva 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19D48277C65FCB60" box="[476,538,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A2D8279C624CB60" box="[549,609,1111,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2013.0">2013</number>
). The new species described here, however, was collected in semiarid grassland habitat in the southern foothills of the Davis Mountains in western Texas, approximately 
<quantity id="B5238583A22AFFAF1CFE8252C11FCB84" box="[1270,1370,1148,1172]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" unit="km" value="2500.0">2500 km</quantity>
north of the next closest collection of the genus-group in Chiapas, Mexico.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF18CF82EAC0B1C930" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
The specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19A982EBC634CBCC" box="[417,625,1220,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="2820" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19A982EBC634CBCC" box="[417,625,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in Townes style Malaise traps (Townes 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1D0D82EAC17BCBCC" box="[1285,1342,1220,1244]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1972.0">1972</number>
) at two locations within Davis Mountains State Park. The first location was on the south (north-facing) slope of Keesey Canyon adjacent to a hillside drainage area. The vegetation at this site was dominated by short grasses but also included scattered forbs and a few low trees and shrubs. The noncalcareous soil, of igneous origin, was shallow, well drained, and extremely rocky (Turner 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1A7F837AC6F6CA7C" box="[631,691,1364,1388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="1977.0">1977</number>
). The second location was in Limpia Canyon on the dry floodplain of the intermittent Limpia Creek. The soils here were similar to the first site, but the vegetation differed in having taller grasses and forbs, with grasses being less dominant, and with forbs, shrubs, and small trees being more numerous. Many rocky, unvegetated areas were also scattered through this habitat. The Malaise trap at this site was located only 
<quantity id="B5238583A22AFFAF192F83CAC525CAEC" box="[295,352,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
from the north (south-facing) slope of Limpia Canyon, which had similar habitat to the first site, so it is possible that the ants in this trap originated from the canyon slope rather than the floodplain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22AFFAE18CF8002C105CD70" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAF18CF8002C031C874" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
Other ant species collected by 
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22AFFAF1A178003C627C954" box="[543,610,1581,1604]" collectionName="USA, Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">MEM</collectionCode>
researchers in the same localities and during the same time period that 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D8D8003C500C978" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="3047" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D8D8003C500C978" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected were typical species for this arid region. Other species collected in the same Malaise traps included 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF194D805BC6D3C99C" authority="McCook" authorityName="McCook" box="[325,662,1652,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF194D805BC663C99C" box="[325,550,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Dorymyrmex flavus</emphasis>
McCook
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1AAD805AC7A7C99C" authority="Roger" authorityName="Roger" box="[677,994,1652,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1AAD805AC738C99C" box="[677,893,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Forelius pruinosus</emphasis>
(Roger)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1BFA805BC0E6C99C" box="[1010,1187,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1BFA805BC016C99C" box="[1010,1107,1653,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Formica</taxonomicName>
gnava
</emphasis>
Buckley, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D14805BC526C9A0" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmecina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D14805BC54BC9A0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Myrmecina americana</emphasis>
Emery
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19A980B7C6B9C9A0" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[417,764,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmecocystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melliger">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19A980B7C6F3C9A0" box="[417,694,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Myrmecocystus melliger</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
, as well as unidentified males of 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C7580B6C550C9C4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C7580B6C161C9A0" box="[1149,1316,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crematogaster</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D3980B9C1DDC9A0" box="[1329,1432,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pheidole</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF189F8092C554C9C4" box="[151,273,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenopsis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19438092C598C9C4" box="[331,477,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19438092C59CC9C4" box="[331,473,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strumigenys</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
General collections in the same area yielded species including 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C948092C1D9C9C4" box="[1180,1436,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C948092C1D9C9C4" box="[1180,1436,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Camponotus festinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Buckley), 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF191380CEC603C9E8" box="[283,582,1759,1784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF191380CEC599C9E8" box="[283,476,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">C. semitestaceus</emphasis>
Snelling
</taxonomicName>
(found in higher elevations), 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1BBA80F1C0BAC9E8" authority="McCook" authorityName="McCook" box="[946,1279,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mccooki">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1BBA80F1C03FC9E8" box="[946,1146,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Forelius mccooki</emphasis>
(McCook)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D1880CFC519C80C" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Liometopum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiculatum">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D1880CFC550C80C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Liometopum apiculatum</emphasis>
Mayr
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1960812AC6EAC80C" authority="Roger" authorityName="Roger" box="[360,687,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1960812AC624C80C" box="[360,609,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Odontomachus clarus</emphasis>
Roger
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1AB4812BC05CC80C" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[700,1049,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Neivamyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1AB4812BC7E4C80C" box="[700,929,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Neivamyrmex minor</emphasis>
(Cresson)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1C2E812BC140C80C" authority="Watkins" authorityName="Watkins" box="[1062,1285,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Neivamyrmex" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1C2E812BC0DBC80C" box="[1062,1182,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">N. texanus</emphasis>
Watkins
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D19812BC541C850" class="Insecta" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D19812BC541C850" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Novomessor cockerelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(André), 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19738109C66FC850" box="[379,554,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19738109C66FC850" box="[379,554,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Pheidole hyatti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Emery, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1A998106C6BDC850" box="[657,760,1832,1856]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1A998106C6BDC850" box="[657,760,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">P. titanis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wheeler, 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1B7C8106C7C2C850" box="[884,903,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">P.</emphasis>
spp., 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1BDC8106C132C850" authority="F. Smith" authorityName="F. Smith" box="[980,1399,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1BDC8106C0B1C850" box="[980,1268,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Pogonomyrmex barbatus</emphasis>
(F. Smith)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1D8F8106C5D4C874" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imberbiculus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1D8F8106C56CC874" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">P. imberbiculus</emphasis>
Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF19948163C626C874" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" box="[412,611,1869,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF19948163C64AC874" box="[412,527,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">P. rugosus</emphasis>
Emery
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22AFFAF1A958162C035C874" authority="McCook" authorityName="McCook" box="[669,1136,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF1A958162C7B4C874" box="[669,1009,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">Trachymyrmex septentrionalis</emphasis>
(McCook)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22AFFAE18CF8141C5A4CFE8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">
The climate in the vicinity of Davis Mountains State Park is marked by hot summers and cool, dry winters (Bell 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22AFFAF18DE81BBC542C8BC" box="[214,263,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">et al</emphasis>
. 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF191D81BAC514C8BC" box="[277,337,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2014.0">2014</number>
), with over 
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF19DE81BAC5B7C8BC" box="[470,498,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="80.0">80</number>
% of annual precipitation occurring from May through October (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22AFFAF1CC081BAC15FC8BC" box="[1224,1306,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">NOAA</collectionCode>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1D2981BAC11BC8BC" box="[1313,1374,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2014.0">2014</number>
). The average annual precipitation at nearby Fort Davis is 
<quantity id="B5238583A22AFFAF1AEE8196C701C8C0" box="[742,836,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4399999999999995" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" unit="cm" value="44.4">44.4 cm</quantity>
, compared to the 
<quantity id="B5238583A22AFFAF1C058196C0FBC8C0" box="[1037,1214,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.545" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="2.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" unit="cm" value="25.45" valueMax="30.5" valueMin="20.4">20.4 to 30.5 cm</quantity>
of rainfall received by the surrounding lower elevation areas of Trans-Pecos Texas (
<collectionCode id="14CAB0A3A22AFFAF1B7B81F2C783C8E4" box="[883,966,2012,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398">NOAA</collectionCode>
<number id="C4133A41A22AFFAF1BC781F2C04FC8E4" box="[975,1034,2012,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="398" value="2014.0">2014</number>
; Texas State Historical Association 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE189F86B9C496CFA0" box="[151,211,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2010.0">2010</number>
). This difference in precipitation is a due to the pronounced orographic lifting caused by the Davis Mountains, which results in an approximately 
<quantity id="B5238583A22BFFAE1A978693C693CFC4" box="[671,726,189,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
increase in annual rainfall for each 
<quantity id="B5238583A22BFFAE1C608692C0EACFC4" box="[1128,1199,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" unit="m" value="305.0">305 m</quantity>
increase in elevation (DeBaca 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE190886CEC57ECFE8" box="[256,315,224,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2008.0">2008</number>
; Turner 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE199186F1C590CFE8" box="[409,469,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="1977.0">1977</number>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72642866A22BFFAE18CF872AC105CD70" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">
The Davis Mountain range is located within the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion, which occupies almost 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1D49872AC12ACE0C" box="[1345,1391,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="650.0">650</number>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="17EF4EA1A22BFFAE1D7B872AC1D9CE0C" box="[1395,1436,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">0 0 0</geoCoordinate>
square kilometers extending from central Mexico into western Texas, central and southern New Mexico, and southeastern Arizona (Commission for Environmental Cooperation 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1BAB8762C79BCE74" box="[931,990,332,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2006.0">2006</number>
; Griffith 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1C448763C0C5CE74" box="[1100,1152,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">et al</emphasis>
. 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1C9A8762C088CE74" box="[1170,1229,332,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2007.0">2007</number>
; Hoyt 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1D168762C11FCE74" box="[1310,1370,332,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2007.0">2007</number>
). The isolating effect of the complex topography of this extensive ecoregion, which is characterized by low-lying basins and isolated mountain ranges, contributes to the Chihuanhuan Desert being one of the most diverse arid regions in the world (Bell 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE19468796C5C4CEC0" box="[334,385,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">et al</emphasis>
. 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE199A8796C588CEC0" box="[402,461,440,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2014.0">2014</number>
; Hernández &amp; Gómez-Hinostrosa 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1B518799C7D0CEC0" box="[857,917,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2005.0">2005</number>
). This diversity is threatened by overgrazing, water diversion, excessive groundwater pumping, introduced species, and overcollecting of animals and plants, such as cacti, for the commercial trade (Hoyt 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1A9087D1C691CD08" box="[664,724,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2002.0">2002</number>
). The collection of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1BA687D1C00BCD08" box="[942,1102,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1BA687D1C00BCD08" box="[942,1102,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from this region is surprising both because of the remarkable range extension it represents for the genus-group as well as the significantly different 
<typeStatus id="AD6096C4A22BFFAE18F68466C56BCD70" box="[254,302,584,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
of habitat the specimens were collected in compared to other collections of the genus-group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AC17BEDA22BFFAE18CF8442C13ACB24" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="72642866A22BFFAE18CF8442C13ACB24" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">
Despite the fact that males of all species in the 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1AEF8442C7CDCD94" box="[743,904,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1AEF8442C7CDCD94" box="[743,904,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group have not been described and that males collected in Texas were unassociated with a colony, we believe there is sufficient evidence for describing 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1D8D84BEC500CDDC" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="3558" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1D8D84BEC500CDDC" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a new species. First, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1A5A849BC758CDDC" box="[594,797,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="3568" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1A5A849BC758CDDC" box="[594,797,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a very disjunct distribution and occurs in a markedly different habitat than other species. Second, there are obvious morphological features that distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1D8D84F6C500CC04" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="3596" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1D8D84F6C500CC04" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other described males. And lastly, COI sequence divergence, as compared to several other species with data in GenBank, including 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1A67850EC6A1CC28" box="[623,740,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. gracilis</emphasis>
, exceeds 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1B5E850EC721CC28" box="[854,868,800,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="8.0">8</number>
%. Although we do not think that this divergence level by itself is sufficient for species status - it has been shown that intraspecific divergence can be quite high (e.g. Meyer and Paulay 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE19648546C5E3CC90" box="[364,422,872,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2005.0">2005</number>
, Wiemers and Fiedler 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1AAE8549C69ACC90" box="[678,735,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2007.0">2007</number>
) – we do believe that the result strengthens our argument. We also feel confident in using the generic name 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1A9085A2C77DCCB4" box="[664,824,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1A9085A2C77DCCB4" box="[664,824,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1C3385A3C142CCB4" box="[1083,1287,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" genus.bestMatchDistance="3698" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1C3385A3C142CCB4" box="[1083,1287,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. chihuahuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely match Borowiec &amp; Longino's (
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE19FD8581C66BCCD8" box="[501,558,943,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="2011.0">2011</number>
) description and figures of &quot;Leptanilloidinae male 
<number id="C4133A41A22BFFAE1C7A859EC03BCCD8" box="[1138,1150,944,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" value="1.0">1</number>
,&quot; which they believed to be conspecific with 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE197285FBC5B0CCFC" box="[378,501,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">L. gracilis.</emphasis>
Additionally, the taxonomic status of the genera in the 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1C6085FAC14DCCFC" box="[1128,1288,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1C6085FAC14DCCFC" box="[1128,1288,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group remains unresolved with a strong likelihood that 
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1AE285D6C005CB00" box="[746,1088,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1AE285D6C712CB00" box="[746,855,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1B6185D9C079CB00" box="[873,1084,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1C8C85D9C161CB00" box="[1156,1316,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1C8C85D9C161CB00" box="[1156,1316,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be synonymized with one another. If these genera were synonymized, the name 
<taxonomicName id="B5DB53E5A22BFFAE1BFD8232C0D0CB24" box="[1013,1173,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AFF474A22BFFAE1BFD8232C0D0CB24" box="[1013,1173,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="399">Leptanilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would have priority.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>