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<document id="58B44BC7F12190C1852B54C60EB96B3C" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA243DBD63FF37DA671EA4A058" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma aspidiifolia Spruce 1871" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="53E861DADB501165CAC4E9EFD87328F5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7006D8B0C9DF215A1878A1A8CEA668AF">
<mods:title id="26F6DFE2A98A441FF0D326FC29DC351B">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EB549D70B64DACC2D17F876B4374E5D9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="602E7CA505B59F5484B28C7FBA759425">
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<mods:namePart id="5868C5DD22F34E70EA2CE91FFC197898">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1469C440B489D48822A8B7D9D09ABFCF">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B3DA2E76BCDD3C37E69739E66F85F1A4">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EA1EE272E9FE8081A4B368E105281D55">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="157E933C5A1D7EA3D84559E25E6AC46C">17</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C7737E187752ED7485C6391A2542778A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="54E92E6A48FDD98858E841EC043294B3" type="CLB-Dataset">24911</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1E9D2EE808B05A68FC1E9515D32FF958" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA243DBD63FF37DA671EA4A058" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5608882" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342510" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5608882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA243DBD63FF37DA671EA4A058" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA243DBD63FF37DA671EA4A058" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567243DBD64FF37DA67193EA767" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="725E36EC243DBD64FF37DA67193EA767" blockId="35.[151,1436,1060,1126]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FF37DA671B92A73E" bold="true" box="[151,173,1061,1087]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243DBD64FF15DA661997A73E" ID-CoL="6KBNL" authority="Spruce (1871: 112)" authorityName="Spruce" authorityPageNumber="112" authorityYear="1871" box="[181,680,1060,1087]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FF15DA661A85A73E" bold="true" box="[181,442,1060,1087]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Geonoma aspidiifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D243DBD64FE62DA671997A73E" author="Spruce R." box="[450,680,1061,1087]" journalOrPublisher="Journal Linnaean Society, Botany" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="65 - 183" part="11" refId="ref124389" refString="Spruce R. (1871) Palmae Amazonicae. Journal Linnaean Society, Botany 11: 65 - 183." title="Palmae Amazonicae" type="journal article" year="1871">Spruce (1871: 112)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type:
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C243DBD64FD5FDA671852A73E" box="[767,877,1061,1087]" name="Brazil" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Amazonas: Tarumã,
<date id="065F102C243DBD64FBCDDA671E23A73E" box="[1133,1308,1061,1087]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1855-02">February 1855</date>
,
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FA89DA641B8BA767" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. Spruce 75</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E243DBD64FF63DA0E1A14A767" box="[195,299,1100,1126]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
K!, isotype NY!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567243DBD63FF37DADB1804A183" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="725E36EC243DBD63FF37DADB18E2A3D9" blockId="35.[151,1437,1177,2015]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,152,642]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FF37DADB1BDDA7B2" box="[151,226,1177,1203]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Plants</emphasis>
1.8(1.0–3.0) m tall; stems 1.8(1.0–3.0) m tall, 0.8(0.5–1.6) cm in diameter, solitary or clustered, canelike; internodes 2.7(1.1–7.8) cm long, covered with reddish or brownish scales, especially in their distal part.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FF37DAAA1BD6A600" box="[151,233,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Leaves</emphasis>
9(6–12) per stem, irregularly pinnate, not plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 9.5(8.5–11.5) cm long; petioles 20.6(8.0–29.0) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 19.5(12.0– 38.0) cm long, 2.3(1.3–3.5) mm in diameter; veins raised and rectangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 3(2–4) per side of rachis; basal pinna 13.7(8.2–25.3) cm long, 1.5(0.5–3.8) cm wide, forming an angle of 74(45–90)° with the rachis; apical pinna 13.9(9.0–19.8) cm long, 8.7(4.5–13.8) cm wide, forming an angle of 35(25–43)° with the rachis.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FE41DBEA19B6A6C3" box="[481,649,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Inflorescences</emphasis>
branched 1 order; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, flattened, persistent; prophylls 5.7(3.5–8.8) cm long, not short and asymmetrically apiculate, the surfaces not ridged, without unequally wide ridges; peduncular bracts 4.9(3.2– 8.2) cm long, well-developed, inserted 0.5(0.2–0.8) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 5.1(3.4–8.2) cm long, 3.5(2.2–4.8) mm in diameter; rachillae 3(2–4), 7.3(4.0–16.0) cm long, 3.4(2.3–4.9) mm in diameter, the surfaces with spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown or yellow-brown, without short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits spirally arranged, glabrous internally; proximal lips without a central notch before anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, not hood-shaped; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, not joined to form a raised cupule, the proximal lip margins overlapping the distal lip margins; distal lips well-developed; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 6; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted onto bifid and well-developed, non-jointed connectives; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers deciduous after anthesis; staminodial tubes lobed at the apex, the lobes not spreading at anthesis, not acuminate, those of non-fertilized flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243DBD64FEEBD9871AB3A4DE" box="[331,396,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">fruits</emphasis>
9.5(7.9–11.2) mm long, 6.7(6.0–7.8) mm in diameter, the bases without a prominent stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, not bumpy, not apiculate; locular epidermis without operculum, smooth, without pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC243ABD63FF66DEA718FCA29B" blockId="36.[151,1437,152,642]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FF66DEA71A81A3FE" bold="true" box="[198,446,229,255]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FE1EDEA71983A3FE" authorityName="Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[446,700,229,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FE1EDEA71983A3FE" box="[446,700,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Geonoma aspidiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FC02DEA71F37A3FE" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Poiteau" box="[930,1032,229,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FC02DEA71F37A3FE" box="[930,1032,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade and is closely related to two other species—
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FEEEDF4E1AD1A227" authorityName="Trail" authorityYear="1876" box="[334,494,268,294]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligoclona">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FEEEDF4E1AD1A227" box="[334,494,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. oligoclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FD89DF4E19C5A227" authorityName="Galeano &amp; Bernal" authorityYear="2002" box="[553,762,268,294]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santanderensis">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FD89DF4E19C5A227" box="[553,762,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. santanderensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It differs from these two in its fruits surfaces which are not bumpy.
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D243ABD63FE87DF70191DA24D" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[295,546,306,332]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer (1968)</bibRefCitation>
misunderstood
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FD44DF7018B0A24D" authorityName="Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[740,911,306,332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FD44DF7018B0A24D" box="[740,911,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. aspidiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as shown by
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D243ABD63FB9DDF701E24A24D" author="Henderson, A." box="[1085,1307,306,332]" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, New York" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 362" refId="ref122671" refString="Henderson, A. (1995) Palms of the Amazon, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 1 - 362." title="Palms of the Amazon" type="book chapter" year="1995">Henderson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
. However, both
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D243ABD63FF75DF1B1A8FA272" author="Henderson, A." box="[213,432,345,371]" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, New York" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 362" refId="ref122671" refString="Henderson, A. (1995) Palms of the Amazon, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 1 - 362." title="Palms of the Amazon" type="book chapter" year="1995">Henderson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D243ABD63FE4CDF1B1832A272" author="Henderson, A. &amp; Galeano, G. &amp; Bernal, R." box="[492,781,345,371]" journalOrPublisher="Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref122861" refString="Henderson, A., Galeano, G. &amp; Bernal, R. (1995) A field guide to the palms of the Americas. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, pp. 1 - 352." title="A field guide to the palms of the Americas" type="book chapter" year="1995">
Henderson
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FDD7DF18198BA272" box="[631,692,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
included
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FC25DF1B18DCA272" authorityName="Wessels Boer" authorityYear="1972" box="[901,995,345,371]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FC25DF1B18DCA272" box="[901,995,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FB1FDF1B1E54A272" authorityName="Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[1215,1387,345,371]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FB1FDF1B1E54A272" box="[1215,1387,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. aspidiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As explained below, the two are here recognized at the subspecific level.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC243ABD63FF66DFE41804A183" blockId="36.[151,1437,152,642]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FF66DFE41AC4A2C1" bold="true" box="[198,507,422,448]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
One trait (stem branching) varies within this species. There is geographic discontinuity and two subgroups can be recognized—Guyana, and the central Amazon region in
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C243ABD63FAE9DF8F1EA6A2E6" box="[1353,1433,461,487]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Specimens from
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C243ABD63FEC7DFB61AFAA10F" box="[359,453,500,526]" name="Guyana" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Guyana</collectingCountry>
differ significantly from Brazilian specimens in eight variables (stem diameter, rachis length, basal pinna length, prophyll length, peduncular bract length, peduncle length, peduncle width, and fruit diameter)(
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FE20DC001AB7A15A" box="[384,392,578,603]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">t</emphasis>
-test,
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FE6BDC001AE2A15A" box="[459,477,578,603]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.05). Based on these results, and geographic discontinuity, the two subgroups are recognized as subspecies (subspp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FDF8DC2A1815A183" box="[600,810,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FDF8DC2A19DFA183" authorityName="Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[600,736,616,642]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">aspidiifolia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FD4CDC2A1815A183" authorityName="Wessels Boer" authorityYear="1972" box="[748,810,616,642]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fusca">fusca</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567243ABD63FF37DCF71EA4A058" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="key">
<paragraph id="725E36EC243ABD63FF37DCF71950A1CE" blockId="36.[151,623,692,719]" box="[151,623,692,719]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="29168180243ABD63FF37DCF71950A1CE" bold="true" box="[151,623,692,719]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="2">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FF37DCF71950A1CE" bold="true" box="[151,623,692,719]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Key to the subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FE68DCF61950A1CE" ID-CoL="6KBNL" authorityName="Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[456,623,692,719]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspidiifolia">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FE68DCF61950A1CE" bold="true" box="[456,623,692,719]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">G. aspidiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="C9152E49243ABD63FF37DD401EA4A058" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<key id="067061DD243ABD63FF37DD401EA4A058" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<paragraph id="725E36EC243ABD63FF37DD401EA4A038" blockId="36.[151,1435,770,859]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="C91095D9243ABD63FF37DD401EA4A038" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
1 Peduncles 4.3(3.4–6.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 4.0(3.2–4.7) cm long; central Amazon region of
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C243ABD63FB53DD401E0BA018" box="[1267,1332,770,793]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.............. ...........................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FB7BDD601EA4A038" ID-CoL="5HFV8" box="[1243,1435,802,827]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="aspidiifolia" subSpecies="aspidiifolia">
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FA82DD601EA4A038" box="[1314,1435,802,825]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">aspidiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC243ABD63FF37DD001EA4A058" blockId="36.[151,1435,770,859]" box="[151,1435,834,859]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="C91095D9243ABD63FF37DD001EA4A058" box="[151,1435,834,859]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
- Peduncles 6.1(4.5–8.2) cm long; peduncular bracts 6.6(4.5–8.2) cm long;
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C243ABD63FC7BDD001F11A058" box="[987,1070,834,857]" name="Guyana" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Guyana</collectingCountry>
..................................
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F243ABD63FABADD001EA4A058" ID-CoL="5HFV9" box="[1306,1435,834,859]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="aspidiifolia" subSpecies="fusca">
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE243ABD63FAC3DD001EA4A058" box="[1379,1435,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink