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615 lines
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<mods:title id="5A7B6AE1005AA81E95FBB263364B4D99">A review of the anthidiine bees (Apoidea, Megachilidae) in Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="54BDB955392BB422B665470ECD444271">Nalinrachatakan, Pakorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="996B3E810DFF98CBBC2D04FA6E84458C">Center of Excellence in Biology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3064B17545139DBD32A13B11FF1A337A">Ascher, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A1075D97905A8CA6FB110BF4FE31DA7F">Insect Diversity Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4 S 3 Level 4, 117558 Singapore, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A90874958FC1B84293511278961DD842">Kasparek, Max</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="94C3AB7E0A92F7DF3CC3E51E1FEFD315">Traiyasut, Prapun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C54892E0166CA3F1A493ED5379D5790" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7114-0890</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C59F70122F8914734CA02219E9EC651D">Program in Biology, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B230FBDCCEDD1C0054BCBE817268E1C0">Thanoosing, Chawatat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="387E003506A86F3F6340D8487F706F86" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-748X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="7307973B9CAC16F4D3C086BE86142CF0">Center of Excellence in Biology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="73AC5DA5F02BF294DCB7AFC0DA5C3715">Warrit, Natapot</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FDB41D3BB89B1F072A0D98B4BB6021B">Center of Excellence in Biology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8FDD7D1D580FFA6057FB8320F1C61A06" type="email">ich108@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5C88952F16DAD0611D5439EDA47F42BB">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="816F609D80BFE8D695756316ADBE413B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E67C29139BD7F4A8D743741876DB1AAB">2023-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DFE35BD3B8A8EC7A9D4C815A664DC9CD">1186</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B93ADF1F94ED3A3C73CE84D1994A2225">235</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="4DEF80735B1644D64146136429BCDAC9">284</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="D7BEA2E1B2B186E5488A86A2A43A2719">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="1F1BA987A86F759714E1D7BD33EFC515" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<subSubSection id="47C76426179BA5D4A249F0A807FE612F" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="715852A799FC512DFAD033C0E3EF8532" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="7DBACBCB1C04B23E653A979D597BBD6C" ID-CoL="4NP4Q" LSID="E622E175-5FAF-5C04-B223-9303ED116258" authority="(Bingham, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Pseudoanthidium">Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale (Bingham, 1897)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8839F75CF72AB906DB5E518A38484A5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A1BBF8330C49D3277A54EB612AE96153" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<figureCitation id="38A94355D46D357EDAF171E27BB34803" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Pseudoanthidium orientale (Bingham, 1897) [showing Mae Hong Son female (BSRU-AA- 1240) (A-D), and male (BSRU-AA- 1241) (E-K)] A, H dorsal habitus B, G lateral habitus C, F face D female T 6 E male T 7 I male S 5 J S 8 K male genitalia in lateral (left), dorsal (middle) and ventral (right). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, G, H); 1 mm (C-F); 0.5 mm (I-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954867" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EA9C1269B7A7C20EBB66CB9B450B4BF0" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Facial and metasomal illustrations of A Pseudoanthidium orientale (Bingham, 1897) and B Ps. rotundiventre (Pasteels, 1980)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954868" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">, 14A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F29BD678FC7E680A1886CACAE5AC9B6A" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Pseudoanthidium orientale wandering around on a cushion with a fiber ball (A-C for cropped close-up). Original photographs taken by Pamela Piombino." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954869" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">, 15</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="05D045DB3473463E0E6ABD3DF7AD95D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6C012AA9548BE5586990DC4191D266D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="2545156AA1ECBA9F5D7482DF9C43B8CD" authorityName="Bingham" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Anthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">Anthidium orientale</taxonomicName>
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Bingham, 1897: 496 (♀). Holotype from Tenasserim, Myanmar, image examined in NHMUK under https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/b2906d76-cd81-4776-9133-9558ce51baca.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA5DA8259E1834F6E0B48DB50C609A72" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="CAF1A3303C5518EA65ACF549F7ACC6B9" authorityName="Wu" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Anthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthidium kryzhanovskii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kryzhanovskii">Anthidium kryzhanovskii</taxonomicName>
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Wu, 1962: 167 (♀). Holotype from Jinping Xian, Yunnan, China (IZCAS: Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, not examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9C68FEEFFB319E5CE44CE50E644E4528" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="1B9F8C2B439C0C3DE02282A2398DDE83" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium (Paraanthidiellum) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Paraanthidiellum">Pseudoanthidium (Paraanthidiellum) orientale</taxonomicName>
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(Bingham):
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<bibRefCitation id="4F5A99771C8A0992005D5C43707E845D" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe royale d'entomologie de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="1 - 148" refId="B71" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1969. La systematique generique et subgenerique des Anthidiinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) de l'Ancien Monde. Memoires de la Societe royale d'entomologie de Belgique 31: 1 - 148" title="La systematique generique et subgenerique des Anthidiinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) de l'Ancien Monde." volume="31" year="1969">Pasteels 1969</bibRefCitation>
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: 79, 80.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DF99702F53AF22F37FCD43FCC115729" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="28C970C2D6E0E742C2B91F48541FBD86" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Trachusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachusa (Orientotrachusa) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Orientotrachusa">Trachusa (Orientotrachusa) orientale</taxonomicName>
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(Bingham, 1897):
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<bibRefCitation id="3BB938B54FE763C9A43C0BAB9E334CC7" author="Gupta, RK" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B32" refString="Gupta, RK, 1993. Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" title="Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." year="1993">Gupta 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 55, 56, 58, figs 141-159 (♂ nov.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC58703709E6CE7FE37216E4C3D50D17" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="3D857C9115EE4AA19166AD0FB174F1C9" authorityName="Wu" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Anthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthidium kryzhanovskii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kryzhanovskii">Anthidium (s. str.) kryzhanovskii</taxonomicName>
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Wu, 1962:
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<bibRefCitation id="DB8227158A682258FBE21D79C78788F1" author="Wu, Y-R" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B101" refString="Wu, Y-R, 2006. Fauna Sinica Insecta (Vol. 44). Hymenoptera. Megachilidae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Insecta (Vol. 44). Hymenoptera. Megachilidae." year="2006">Wu 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 157 (♀, ♂).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1FCED9D850AA5A6D7F9BAC26A99EDBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="22EC59FB1EA1BFDBF01FC77562ED1C40" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Pseudoanthidium">Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale</taxonomicName>
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(Bingham):
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<bibRefCitation id="CCAFBFAC00E4203D8F00BBF5CDDE32D0" author="Illiger, K" journalOrPublisher="Magazin fuer Insektenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" publicationUrl="http://www.itis.gov" refId="B37" refString="2008. . http://www.itis.gov" url="http://www.itis.gov" year="2008">ITIS 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: http://www.itis.gov.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="549EE6F98ED95563D423ACD25FB7EFA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="27D2946239B542EDD63DE57C0C46D20D" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Pseudoanthidium">Pseudoanthidium (Pseudoanthidium) orientale</taxonomicName>
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(Bingham):
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<bibRefCitation id="3EB8DC3F9A3029D1A7A2B2E74F9221C1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" author="Niu, Z-Q" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="133 - 152" refId="B66" refString="Niu, Z-Q, Luo, A-R, Griswold, T, Zhu, C-D, 2021. Review of the bee genus Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) of China with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4996 (1): 133 - 152, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" title="Review of the bee genus Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) of China with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" volume="4996" year="2021">Niu et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: 139-142.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A83707583268545F7DCCF5C396C590A" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2551149841CAD544B031E36FEF36BAD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="335D63CBEC848109D8E76934C771129D" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="180D968DB8D6FF170989E0BC76E85FD6" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="32B6CEB282ECA6A941BFA2932801C87A" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="5A8DAF736287ADF26EF7C2A3BC95ED98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="ADCF19424422E76E9AF59D496CEADFAB" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
(new record):
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="A57EE5423AF23F0D23D2B43181454B52" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Laos" location="Champasak" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Champasak">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="324AD9CFE3F1C34EC9FBE7389209E1C1" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="2B7AE41A2DA1CD5B94BF48595CC5E932" country="Laos" name="Champasak">Champasak</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="9AB12F3689ECC986E291D89C556054EF" collectingDate="2015-01-20" collectorName="N. Warrit" country="Laos" location="Don Det" municipality="Si Phan Don" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="14EEAB9BB711CF0BFF32BE2CD94B71C4">Si Phan Don</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<location id="AEA68C90879A3CD042DF640E56E632E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:AEA68C90879A3CD042DF640E56E632E4" country="Laos" municipality="Si Phan Don" name="Don Det">Don Det</location>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="A07561CE873F5AF1D5089F8E26FC6744" value="2015-01-20">20 Jan. 2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="DB8499FC492B73343051DBF454B501D9">N. Warrit</collectorName>
|
|||
|
et al., (CUNHM: BSRU-AA-1223, 1227, 1231)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="D67C01A7D887125BC3D31655849D5E20" collectingDate="2015-01-19" collectorName="N. Warrit" country="Laos" county="Pakse" latitude="15.278889" location="Phu Suam Water Fall" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.88972" municipality="Bolaven" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="F29A345B77364A02A35F6429342D21E1" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingCounty id="55ACFD690D76C02FF5984877CEB1D66E">Pakse</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="0FCB2C69D5AB66BF78744DD015A62FFE">Bolaven</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
plateau,
|
|||
|
<location id="16DF12AB2F1CBE81B3A43042002E3C4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:16DF12AB2F1CBE81B3A43042002E3C4B" country="Laos" county="Pakse" latitude="15.278889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.88972" municipality="Bolaven" name="Phu Suam Water Fall">Phu Suam Water Fall</location>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="B320D7256C1568CCB916F4124304FF14" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="15.278889">15°16'44"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="955C1C3AC743FCAB209DA7E7569AEE53" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="105.88972">105°53'23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="BF9D8A4B71F58972B7ED98C7B5B92B3D" value="2015-01-19">19 Jan. 2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="1685C0C867837A594A964E8B056A6081">N. Warrit</collectorName>
|
|||
|
et al., (CUNHM: BSRU-AA-1235)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="E50DC7C9FA4B2C0D05A0698231EB863B" collectingDate="2015-12-09" collectorName="N. Warrit" country="Thailand" elevation="875" latitude="18.703167" location="Baan Na Jon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.283165" municipality="Mae Chaem District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="3FB7CA6A0C744332ADFB458F776D9BCF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="7CA07EF6A2BAE10D6B18B120E568F03F" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
:
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="B591FFE385B7293B22D3CBA1BACCF2D8" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="BAD0C7DB5208EB4F676759C5972F7F7A" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="8CC9CEE7A8B751C0649AB1512C107FC4">Mae Chaem District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<location id="66BE00D7ABB3E70BD5D3EA88A5DA084D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:66BE00D7ABB3E70BD5D3EA88A5DA084D" country="Thailand" latitude="18.703167" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.283165" municipality="Mae Chaem District" name="Baan Na Jon" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Baan Na Jon</location>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="6EAC9C2E97AF15E80E6D934C81614215" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.3970" value="18.703167">18°42'11.3970"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="07E2CFB5A0C90CFD6B5050ADB9992FA0" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.3754" value="98.283165">98°16'59.3754"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
, alt.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="031CF1571FE6194950D8F90B78D068E2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7493" unit="m" value="874.93">
|
|||
|
<elevation id="D16C36B235F7C0CBEF4B1B1E11B1F412" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7493" unit="m" value="874.93">874.93 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="52161B91EC814F3EE54121B09F35F26C" value="2015-12-09">9 Dec. 2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="6C2ACD7B210AC8DA0636E55B0E3A1680">N. Warrit</collectorName>
|
|||
|
et al. (CUNHM: BSRU-AA-1243)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="8C7B771DE0BB73D591B31B8011AC681C" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Chiang Mai" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="4A4B703894B5FC7A25F677AF88D6A6B0" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="5F8C5AB052425E5C86131E4887171C26" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="4FC29EBBBF998500B07BF022D7E12922" collectingDate="2021-02-16" collectorName="Srimaneeyanon" country="Thailand" elevation="1267" latitude="18.536774" location="Doi Inthanon National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.52068" municipality="Chom Thong District" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="9698CF75EB17340D4468E96780CED7A8">Chom Thong District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<location id="D9CA2BB7195400797BAE1D58D43B0BF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:D9CA2BB7195400797BAE1D58D43B0BF1" country="Thailand" latitude="18.536774" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.52068" municipality="Chom Thong District" name="Doi Inthanon National Park">Doi Inthanon National Park</location>
|
|||
|
, (
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="9B68D0EC0B240472D000C5BF6CF159A8" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.39" value="18.536774">18°32'12.39"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="6338CE7516CE1438182F4C03E42574F6" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.44" value="98.52068">98°31'14.44"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
, alt.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4E1CED9EC34A95D0BC7323025C0A907F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.267" unit="m" value="1267.0">
|
|||
|
<elevation id="BFFE9846833317A3A80CFE08264D1619" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.267" unit="m" value="1267.0">1,267 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="CC35904129C11DA18CFD70924B8DB1BE" value="2021-02-16">16 Feb. 2021</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="7D36DDC1E384D447873C36A7406A2E85">Srimaneeyanon</collectorName>
|
|||
|
et al. (CUNHM: BSRU-AB-2970)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="2EFBA619E5DFB04D117907B3E3F71419" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Kamphaeng Phet" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kamphaeng Phet">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="B614167B50E8D5A2CF27106B5DD280D2" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="0E0134EC361A97272EBB4B99B46D9F72" country="Thailand" name="Kamphaeng Phet">Kamphaeng Phet</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="A50F3C9853FB6297BA41019CF8F64727" collectingDate="2015-12-04" collectorName="C. Thanoosing" country="Thailand" elevation="10" latitude="16.471666" location="Mueang District" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="99.49528" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
<location id="6072392E3C111A08FA74D1A1CFE6EAC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:6072392E3C111A08FA74D1A1CFE6EAC5" country="Thailand" latitude="16.471666" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="99.49528" name="Mueang District">Mueang District</location>
|
|||
|
, (
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="BD2DC6BCBEB6BAC2E317475344CE5C6A" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="16.471666">16°28'18"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="361637F1BFFEBC61A71DD59BCE466C8D" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="99.49528">99°29'43"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
, alt.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="0D1DDCDA3ECD36C8F081D68698CCB050" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
|||
|
<elevation id="4A6ACF4CECE88FFD1A2C0C67C1AEBF75" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="501C3A5CDB0C8358265F7A6B5D35CED5" value="2015-12-04">4 Dec. 2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="6656DE8414950EFFDBE2B6D76E2E17F2">C. Thanoosing</collectorName>
|
|||
|
(CUNHM: BSRU-AA-1252)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="F7471A70E5FB376185B0BEDD42DA20DC" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Lampang" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lampang">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="6F4F7586802A756756762F799EF10EDA" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="CE74AD43F234341FB271EAE95EAD5C51" country="Thailand" name="Lampang">Lampang</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="477FFAB43EC6AD32BD2D1EC1644DA5F4" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Mueang Pan District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chae Son">
|
|||
|
<location id="EA29121F13F2659698E0DFB787615D6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:EA29121F13F2659698E0DFB787615D6E" country="Thailand" name="Mueang Pan District" stateProvince="Chae Son">Mueang Pan District</location>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="95DF6EE359AFD58656A91CACFE275CBE" inferredBySuffix="true">Chae Son</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="7DDA257F7F8C92C3FE03337BCA150E6F" collectingDate="2007-12-14" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Boonruen, Acharaporn" country="Thailand" elevation="451" latitude="18.837515" location="National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="99.4721" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
<location id="A561AC75F1DB7BCCD560C9464B0157D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:A561AC75F1DB7BCCD560C9464B0157D9" country="Thailand" latitude="18.837515" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="99.4721" name="National Park">National Park</location>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="A840B87F4E1E52C45E65BE32E8C50C26" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.0498" value="18.837515">18°50'15.0498"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="BE715B101B322FB7FA5A6A76A019BC98" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.5594" value="99.4721">99°28'19.5594"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
, alt.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="C6B4970E8546845A591818FEAEF90AC0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.51" unit="m" value="451.0">
|
|||
|
<elevation id="72A67DCB296F722305AB8654DAD5D198" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.51" unit="m" value="451.0">451 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
), TIGER project T-2922,
|
|||
|
<collectingMethod id="252258BF6E913F01F00D9E245527F46B">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
, 8/
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="BA1400A4CE6DB4F4DD8C4643E434E731" value="2007-12-14">14 Dec 2007</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="200DC738762FDACB921AC1440DC0C409">Boonruen</collectorName>
|
|||
|
&
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="79A4086E977ED176C725E68E6156B74E">Acharaporn</collectorName>
|
|||
|
(CUNHM: BSRU-AB-4361)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="0B38F8973CF84D6C0D2AB78D0BDF0612" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Mae Hong Son" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="A76EE4809B78F3F41D0EA04480CEA42A" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="6B057216C342F086595A979C875A044F" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="F47DFC9B962D9E2A94760020C360A850" country="Thailand" name="Mae Hong Son">Mae Hong Son</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="B9D39C0C11EB0A5E740F002FB445F178" collectingDate="2015-12-10" collectorName="N. Warrit" country="Thailand" county="Pang Tong" elevation="1164" latitude="19.499529" location="Pang Ung" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.9117" municipality="Under Royal Forest" specimenCount="♀">
|
|||
|
<collectingCounty id="9B4DFA246E2CB08932072796BCB2F295">Pang Tong</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="781AE151559A28F88A9CC6AE3360422E">Under Royal Forest</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
Park 2/
|
|||
|
<location id="EA4F049C42575E083A9627316694FD64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:EA4F049C42575E083A9627316694FD64" country="Thailand" county="Pang Tong" latitude="19.499529" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.9117" municipality="Under Royal Forest" name="Pang Ung">Pang Ung</location>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="9878585E41E35F74BC837C9C2D96E9F2" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.3008" value="19.499529">19°29'58.3008"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="02CDB8680CB688304B3F8CD44725F803" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.1014" value="97.9117">97°54'42.1014"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
, alt.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="905E12C1C16C1D421E828F000FAE51CB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.164" unit="m" value="1164.0">
|
|||
|
<elevation id="81C34606EC982CA921D9DDCE19B1F854" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.164" unit="m" value="1164.0">1,164 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="6A09FD5EA4432473871768E93086A649" value="2015-12-10">10 Dec. 2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="9090475CDCA02D77059E77B11326917A">N. Warrit</collectorName>
|
|||
|
et al. (CUNHM:
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="373C9A3049C07F725ED1E267369DCF54">♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
BSRU-AA-1239, 1240,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="BF3F3E0CC36FBF6AFAE3A89ADA291961">♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
BSRU-AA-1241, 1242)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="3DC97798A5C0C588C12D4415643BB630" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Phayao" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Phayao">
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="388432C64D49ADCB221A7C9AC0E1C3C7" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="1036728981F0489B7FD2CB7FD3AC3DA6" country="Thailand" name="Phayao">Phayao</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="FB660CDCFA4ED2480F85D146E83419AF" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Maeka Subdistrict" country="Thailand" location="Mueang District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Phayao">
|
|||
|
<location id="AD502AD129E890967DD859B3BE03E73D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:AD502AD129E890967DD859B3BE03E73D" country="Thailand" name="Mueang District" stateProvince="Phayao">Mueang District</location>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="B0212B7487CD3F01397C3BD4625875DD">Maeka Subdistrict</collectorName>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="CCDA0974987BD2EB40CD0957D7795CA0" country="Thailand" name="Phayao">Phayao</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="858591A85C413B2F0854B7EB7FB2C7FC" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="University" country="Thailand" location="University" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Phayao">
|
|||
|
<location id="0F02B9C963EF5AAC6985D329942DEEC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E622E1755FAF5C04B2239303ED116258:0F02B9C963EF5AAC6985D329942DEEC0" country="Thailand" name="University" stateProvince="Phayao">University</location>
|
|||
|
(CUNHM: BSRU-AA-1238,
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="25C969B6CA5E7B645CFC6393EE4DCCA2" country="Thailand" name="Phayao">Phayao</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="C46E3FDAE6614441A6CDC26AA6967239">University</collectorName>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="28F67664C285B05AB5DC7F7290648FFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="records from inaturalist">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="20BC02C9A6024EDCB1C43D3E48A5B7F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Records from iNaturalist</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="ADF02FC45BDF5EFE45AB02050F425DF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="8333A9507971297F39CB9B55CA3893B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">(2023).</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Thailand: Chiang Mai, San Sai District, San Sai Noi Subdistrict (
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="AEF59BC68CC75DA7D927B0380396B6D0" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="08.6" value="18.819056">18°49'08.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="1E905533702860D3FE3BB021468F7E43" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.1" value="99.02087">99°01'15.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
) uploaded by
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="A123F21BB5B2E8516E56C12A6413C28E" originalValue="‘jackychiangmai’">'jackychiangmai'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
on 14 Jan. 2022 (observation id:104911660); Chiang Rai, Chiang Saen Lake, Viang Yonok Hotel (
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="7F54BA938E672D28F22343DAD0BEADEE" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.5" value="20.261806">20°15'42.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="8A58F3F6300AA5DBAF1231D04338333E" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.5" value="100.04986">100°02'59.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
), uploaded by
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="02A4860E38C61C498CA918EDF54BA279" originalValue="‘pam-pilombino’">'pam-pilombino'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
on 27 Jan 2020.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="CDD832506440FDEC10CAD703E899A86A" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="964607C6C71F7D8EE92278F60AAF0095" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="75197BCA719E248160090318500FE061" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
Cambodia (Mondulkiri:
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="644E0749F59D56ED1F147F9433CC3DED" author="Ascher, JS" journalOrPublisher="Cambodian Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="23 - 39" refId="B2" refString="Ascher, JS, Phallin, H, Sokha, K, Kang, L, Sokchan, L, Shao, C, Greef, SD, Chartier, G, Sophany, P, 2016. A report on the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Cambodia. Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2016: 23 - 39" title="A report on the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Cambodia." volume="2016" year="2016">Ascher et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), China (Yunnan), India (Alwar, Poona, Solan, Tolawas, Udaipur), Laos (Champasak (new record), Myanmar (Tenasserim), Thailand (Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai (new record from
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="663BD277643968C22B4BE200F1D26871" author="Illiger, K" journalOrPublisher="Magazin fuer Insektenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" publicationUrl="https://www.inaturalist.org" refId="B36" refString="2023. . https://www.inaturalist.org" url="https://www.inaturalist.org" year="2023">iNaturalist 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), Kamphaeng Phet (new record), Lampang (new record), Lamphun (new record from
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="C00CE8EEF54A437C0DFBA78C155AD62C" author="Illiger, K" journalOrPublisher="Magazin fuer Insektenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" publicationUrl="https://www.inaturalist.org" refId="B36" refString="2023. . https://www.inaturalist.org" url="https://www.inaturalist.org" year="2023">iNaturalist 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), Mae Hong Son (new record), Phayao (new record)). For the Indian records from
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="502FC1261CED89BAF7BF3914CE9BA391" author="Gupta, RK" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B32" refString="Gupta, RK, 1993. Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" title="Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." year="1993">Gupta (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
, see Remarks section below.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="B1493F087C036EABA78AA95E0ACF3D10" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="7EC4C8B3F6F3985087DA8D46CBF0A243" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="FC0F1BA5A4316CF2E44AF6BBC7DA0E7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="227DDE27DB5C973366F86578E22B83CA" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="94124FEF32451D6F522E0EB0E89997EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Pseudoanthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is a medium-sized bee (6-8 mm) and usually has a black integument with yellow maculations in all tagmata. It has a remarkably pale yellow mark on the paraocular area reaching close to the top of eyes, female mandibles with five or six teeth, rounded scutellum with broad marginal maculation which is medially disrupted, tibia and tarsi yellow except black on the venter, female terga with yellow paramedian maculation on T1-T5 in female, which is more laterally extended on T1 and T2 and nearly rectangular in T3-T5. The male looks superficially similar to the female but has a different dentition of the mandible (i.e., distinctly tridentate, broader especially the inner tooth), and maculation on T6 and T7. Male genitalia broad.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="2965F7977C424D75A94A4BA98936D70C" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="floral associations">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="19B01A1A50E31D36FB8D72D56AC08A1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Floral associations.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="D2332A16B71230EA511C04E24F82AF35" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
Plants with hairy surfaces (see iNaturalist observation from Lamphun) must be the resources for the nesting material. Also, from iNaturalist image from Chiang Mai, the photographs clearly show the bee wandering on the inflorescence of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="D4452A1501B5D2114AC73A81BFF36108" class="Equisetopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Antigonon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Antigonon leptopus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="leptopus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="34AB8A41CB190A479ED1048A8BC92489" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Antigonon leptopus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
Hook. & Arn. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="AC696D93F0CCD7735C640E0C5F12E70E" authorityName="Endlicher" authorityYear="1837" class="Equisetopsida" family="Polygonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
), which is a hairy plant, although there is no direct evidence to this claim.
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="66A7C45CFB54E80254C2FCDCB7F5C832" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" author="Niu, Z-Q" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="133 - 152" refId="B66" refString="Niu, Z-Q, Luo, A-R, Griswold, T, Zhu, C-D, 2021. Review of the bee genus Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) of China with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4996 (1): 133 - 152, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" title="Review of the bee genus Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) of China with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.5" volume="4996" year="2021">Niu et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
also noted the floral associations for
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="9493055D7723BEF400458F3F26A5695E" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="A01E9E86CF17D47A2CA4B2305DB67590" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
including
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="A470666AF91E3509AE46475A2108509B" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Blumea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blumea" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="E57804F7E298673BD8A4913AF67DE0DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Blumea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="5A74490CC3AAD3494A27F230197CED0E" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="B5F2C7C0093A414047E1373DD8E2831D" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Eupatoreae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eupatoreae" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="A1C525875D5CB7DE4DB9C03617FAF600" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Eupatoreae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="714A3CC3FB9156D7EFBF88E0197857D8" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="B1922D279C294B3573F10C0568F15C33" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helianthus annuus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="annuus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="2E6CA10709365A347F9AE14D8B591B09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Helianthus annuus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
L. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="0AF6AFDEF3E4E27986AFD3CDB92AC053" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
),
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="A0E390920C2DB609D11D9D46CA8E93A1" class="Equisetopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tephrosia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tephrosia purpurea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="7BFBAF85B1F93B63EE67C6A169B38658" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Tephrosia purpurea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(L.) Pers. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="038B077B42F2DBE9E973D895190340CE" class="Equisetopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
; originally noted as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="A3E59784ED8E4D60EF29728890080EB6" class="Equisetopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tephrosia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tephrosia hamiltoni" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="hamiltoni">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B4C7F9AE3300A341550DE25E7E235606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Tephrosia hamiltoni</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
), and
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="34336FD429D88CDA7922B9B8DE7D77BF" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tridax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tridax" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="F09F0937F4E2EEE5FE009D32268B1C48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Tridax</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp. (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="56FC3A678EE9F5EEBB2B204BB634FFF4" class="Equisetopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
; originally noted as "
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4EA691B0A064728AB036056EEC12905D" genus="Tridex" lsidName="Tridex" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="C4F42C201458187328C758CCA0B12B38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Tridex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
").
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="17395DCDEDF44A76690BA6976082093B" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" type="remarks">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="5BF1F45C4F7683DEEF4C377AD2ECF144" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="3C897316DF0E8EDFEBC5B935DB415CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
This species was described by
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="7652D860D3E038B168DB29FADD412237" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10364" author="Bingham, CT" editor="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="414 - 567" refId="B5" refString="Bingham, CT, 1897. Hymenoptera. - Vol. I. Wasps and bees. In: Blanford, WT, Ed., Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London: 414 - 567, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10364" title="Hymenoptera. - Vol. I. Wasps and bees." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10364" volumeTitle="Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1897">Bingham (1897)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="509ADEEEEF084CB62E1AC8D80E9008EA" authorityName="Bingham" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Anthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="902E2435E63A37DA9D03E7AA319ECCFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Anthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, based on a female from Tenasserim, Myanmar.
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="826DC1B0243178980557F850132C8D29" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe royale d'entomologie de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="1 - 148" refId="B71" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1969. La systematique generique et subgenerique des Anthidiinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) de l'Ancien Monde. Memoires de la Societe royale d'entomologie de Belgique 31: 1 - 148" title="La systematique generique et subgenerique des Anthidiinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) de l'Ancien Monde." volume="31" year="1969">Pasteels (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
then assigned it to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="FBF546BF1699889A33E278068A7B5DD3" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium (Paraanthidiellum)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paraanthidiellum">Pseudoanthidium (Paraanthidiellum)</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
Michener, 1948.
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="B9AF533EED1F53A3396B756430237E5E" author="Gupta, RK" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B32" refString="Gupta, RK, 1993. Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" title="Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." year="1993">Gupta (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
provided both female and male descriptions and illustrations from India, which is designated as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4994EE40E0A8A848AAADB1DCF46C22FF" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Trachusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachusa (Orientotrachusa) orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale" subGenus="Orientotrachusa">Trachusa (Orientotrachusa) orientale</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
. Later, the species was listed as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="A9816F770EECCFB176F20B8EA3635286" authority="" lsidName="Ps. (Pseudoanthidium)" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pseudoanthidium">Ps. (Pseudoanthidium)</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
in the World Bees Checklist Project (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="F455931E4E83B567BF815D9C9BE1A705" author="Illiger, K" journalOrPublisher="Magazin fuer Insektenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" publicationUrl="http://www.itis.gov" refId="B37" refString="2008. . http://www.itis.gov" url="http://www.itis.gov" year="2008">ITIS 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). A female
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="598E8F0E070C4D5597F5CF80D70DA00E" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="E33479070394431A87A4065CA302924D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
was reported from a monochrome image from Chiang Mai, Thailand (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="4987583C838969321744F03717F0FDC2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5109/16144" author="Tadauchi, O" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="7 - 13" refId="B91" refString="Tadauchi, O, Tasen, W, 2009. Bees of Natural Forests, Teak Plantations and Agricultural Fields in Thailand. Esakia 49: 7 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5109/16144" title="Bees of Natural Forests, Teak Plantations and Agricultural Fields in Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.5109/16144" volume="49" year="2009">Tadauchi and Tasen 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), and a male was reported from Bousra, Mondulkiri, Cambodia (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="26F0845A97CFF2AE1D9CFA512B23A3E0" author="Ascher, JS" journalOrPublisher="Cambodian Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="23 - 39" refId="B2" refString="Ascher, JS, Phallin, H, Sokha, K, Kang, L, Sokchan, L, Shao, C, Greef, SD, Chartier, G, Sophany, P, 2016. A report on the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Cambodia. Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2016: 23 - 39" title="A report on the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Cambodia." volume="2016" year="2016">Ascher et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
) with photographs. However, the CUNHM male specimens studied here are apparently different from the male descriptions and photographs from Cambodia in lacking the antero-lateral maculation on the scutum.
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="5F663B25AEFE76717031D643FA095C70" author="Gupta, RK" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B32" refString="Gupta, RK, 1993. Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" title="Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." year="1993">
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="5D4F142D8B23FC45C11E8BE7E8D687B5" originalValue="Gupta’s">Gupta's</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
(1993)
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
male description from India also stated that "tergum first with a complete band, T2 and T3 interrupted medially, T4-T7 entirely yellow" which is incongruent to the CUNHM specimens studied here, and also to the photographs of the male from Cambodia; therefore, the Indian specimens need further study.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="2B74FA08B3D8718AC3558D5F2A436ABC" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="F20EB690E7D0F0353FADE60A4273F48A" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="CFA25013C1B2E22EDDF761707D3D5493" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Pseudoanthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is superficially similar to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4561B97038AEFEF0C496E1C430238A10" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="7EF23D47333533E1B495D75B3AC00E6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(Pasteels, 1987) from Sri Lanka and India.
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="CE170755ACB98AD828BCEC02147DD3B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" author="Kumar, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="436 - 468" refId="B49" refString="Kumar, V, Griswold, T, Belavadi, VV, 2017. The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa 4317 (3): 436 - 468, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" title="The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" volume="4317" year="2017">Kumar et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
mentioned that these two species were probably referred to the same species. As most of their distinct morphology is similar, the difference is based on color (Fig.
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="A87BBACA1D402D2C813482BBE8480626" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Facial and metasomal illustrations of A Pseudoanthidium orientale (Bingham, 1897) and B Ps. rotundiventre (Pasteels, 1980)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954868" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">14</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). First,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="96194C88D3E1D4957ED796890F3624AD" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="44C1E419C4C84AA2432F75838213D29A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
has a more extended maculation on the face, the female has an entirely yellow clypeus, and a W-shape maculation on the supraclypeal area. Seven Thai females of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="59AD105B92C05BC1404B9F4829F28272" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="1D69B311BFED45AAD3C1F2B1F033B9A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
come without supraclypeal mark and show reduction of the clypeal color as a black stigma, while the remaining two from Laos have an entirely yellow clypeus and the supraclypeal mark is only a triangle in the median part. Second, it is remarkable that
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="1CC7E2AD49C361F4DC1650466BE60230" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="409EE3E4A6BE42F7B6A0CEAEBE5A0158" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
comes with more extended maculation on the male terga: the median interruption of the band tends to decrease from base to apex on the metasoma. Specifically, T5 and T6 are nearly uninterrupted and T7 is entirely yellow. The
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="576DE280F29905A90C1EFADE282AEBB9" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="636024A6BB7DE57ABA9B5FF898378471" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
males show much more consistency in the median interruption of the tergal maculation, making it appear similar to the female. Hence,
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="423B4626858781360B2A017A2B7B535D" originalValue="Gupta’s">Gupta's</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="21827B102354911A0688BE8EC77AD94E" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="57819BBCF2F5E7B4CBF5B31C603BD799" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
male description from India is more congruent to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="AB73B3A4836C18168F92CB5C4B59191D" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="281E706A133D804A25FDD1E0387E1D89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<caption id="F7EE2C53E9BD0ADD5C5F21460A3353BC" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954868" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="570F605A5B7C1BA6B59AE76AA4A0804B" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="FB116DFB46ED29DC66B80DA74A3D19BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Facial and metasomal illustrations of
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="939EE5122529833F1C506B9F6BEF9618" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="569047D0A38D3DF846CB4CA7247EF79D" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="BB55E22534A4EA8D2CDFC16D44ADCF70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Pseudoanthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(Bingham, 1897) and
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="809354E36B3FC5BC47A22E55A8FBC34F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="44F38697FDE93D95B0AB54E73862B2D8" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="1F9A0233648BE718D23C9FA132DDE98E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(Pasteels, 1980).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="30A1F4C35FD30EEA8178688CAD42FA32" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
As the male genitalia of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="DEA27B62965BDDF6C6475533652FE15E" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="10E450A4A35BB00ED2E71E9416D57D94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
illustrated in
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="28B60F3BB3ED659888741FEBB13F6BC0" author="Gupta, RK" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" refId="B32" refString="Gupta, RK, 1993. Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Scientific Publishers, Jodphur" title="Taxonomic Studies on the Megachilidae of North-Western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." year="1993">Gupta (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
: fig. 159) is inadequate to compare with microphotographs of the male genitalia of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="5005FB28CB74E7515130E69D44C9E1D3" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="5F7A2278978C0D6D7C55994141F81A5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(see
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="48EED909A7DCD4C594E745FB81406970" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" author="Kumar, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="436 - 468" refId="B49" refString="Kumar, V, Griswold, T, Belavadi, VV, 2017. The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa 4317 (3): 436 - 468, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" title="The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" volume="4317" year="2017">Kumar et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
: fig. 20C), we used a microphotograph of Thai
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="E2108BA7AF07551E5E407FFA1B680B00" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="0E5F6A011A0640352AF6F52C93541423" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
genitalia which was prepared and preserved in glycerin. Overall, the genitalia seem to be identical, but the photograph of the genitalia of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="69D8000AEA5073301F4AAC7AF91E50F4" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="EFB4524AF5BF1483AB77F7195A2D773A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is not clear, so the shape and sclerotization of the apodeme of penis valve is hard to compare with that of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="2FD7B366781027116A1C3C125FD387D9" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="47B2444F357B705C20F5D085A4FCD3C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(cleared one in Fig.
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="56C87199A3F68D0E1F71256EF6E7BDC3" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Pseudoanthidium orientale (Bingham, 1897) [showing Mae Hong Son female (BSRU-AA- 1240) (A-D), and male (BSRU-AA- 1241) (E-K)] A, H dorsal habitus B, G lateral habitus C, F face D female T 6 E male T 7 I male S 5 J S 8 K male genitalia in lateral (left), dorsal (middle) and ventral (right). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, G, H); 1 mm (C-F); 0.5 mm (I-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954867" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">13K</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). However, the respective characters do not seem to have much of value in sexual differentiation.From the evidence, it seems that color variation in
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="E07185C1F9151F0878E62C92CD36D31D" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="A43715B18D175A487FE334FAF11BC249" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Pseudoanthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is variable, and potentially similar to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="F12410157034DC1BCB4B1A4F02AB0888" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="41573A9708B0B24FD5E7C2833BC5C109" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
. At the same time,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="5A48FDFCA10BFABC215B03B7E6CB8B5A" lsidName="Ps. flaviventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="flaviventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="107C4542D5A3AA73F35C5381EB009080" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. flaviventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
Cameron, 1897, belonging to the same subgenus, displays much more obvious differences in male genitalia and other external body parts (also see
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="6F7F8128F434A2A4A03535B52E7B6B35" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" author="Kumar, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="436 - 468" refId="B49" refString="Kumar, V, Griswold, T, Belavadi, VV, 2017. The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa 4317 (3): 436 - 468, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" title="The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" volume="4317" year="2017">Kumar et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). Because of the similarities,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="A7117312EFCEF27FEAB91E23A1897587" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" author="Kumar, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" pagination="436 - 468" refId="B49" refString="Kumar, V, Griswold, T, Belavadi, VV, 2017. The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa 4317 (3): 436 - 468, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" title="The Resin and Carder bees of south India (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.2" volume="4317" year="2017">Kumar et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
suggested that
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="5D3CF455BE1A0523A80BDBFBEF84CAB9" lsidName="Ps. rotundiventre" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="rotundiventre">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="7D0AB71AB6754881B0F21646C8C0388A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. rotundiventre</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is a junior synonym of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="651584B3C20032C93035F8BB81885B6D" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="EFB759A5147B61850549EE71DDCF62B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, but the types need to be examined before making a final decision.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="105DB38B32F9408D55D156D6DD3D6496" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
Finally, there is an observation of wool-collecting behavior of a female of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="DEB59FA6CCEEB4CD510548ACD99F5BC4" lsidName="Ps. orientale" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B8F568198EDCF56997C6ED26E9F032BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Ps. orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
from Chiang Saen Lake, Chiang Rai, Thailand, reported and observed by Ms. Pamela Piombino [user:
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="BFCCAF3C79F6DA6F924E857FDDC8E8D9" originalValue="‘pam-pilombino’">'pam-pilombino'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
] on 27 January 2020, and published on iNaturalis.org (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="1AE7A3EFC3C19F5F72DFA0D774F04670" author="Illiger, K" journalOrPublisher="Magazin fuer Insektenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" publicationUrl="https://www.inaturalist.org" refId="B36" refString="2023. . https://www.inaturalist.org" url="https://www.inaturalist.org" year="2023">iNaturalist 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). Based on personal communication, the bees landed on a cushion with a mouthful of fiber-ball, wandered around for a few minutes, and eventually flew off without any
|
|||
|
<normalizedToken id="3C5158A7904A6F7FD19C587A01AF67AD" originalValue="“active”">"active"</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
fiber-collecting behavior. We are not sure if this fiber was collected precisely from the cushion or elsewhere, but this is the first time that fiber-collecting behavior has been observed in this species.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<caption id="2256ABBD4599F8151D96AD13608B69DE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.95203.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/954869" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="02D5F45F38DAE9AE38937B3A59A955AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="96FE3B907C484D9C70187BB4B365D0F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4E430186CE6F6A0AEF2D011FF28F07E0" baseAuthorityName="Bingham" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoanthidium orientale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientale">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="11440731FDB459015BEB18938145BD85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">Pseudoanthidium orientale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
wandering around on a cushion with a fiber ball (
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="F61F29F3A167543C4836A477E4168356" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="235">A-C</emphasis>
|
|||
|
for cropped close-up). Original photographs taken by Pamela Piombino.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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