<documentid="2BDAE3A7AE53CF7B57DCB2A841EB47CF"ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1"ID-ISSN="2336-9744"ID-Zenodo-Dep="13224403"ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4171B7E1-BE6F-48ED-85B4-4DC2C232A273"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe"checkinTime="1720075623567"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Prószyński, Jerzy"docDate="2016"docId="A65A251E3E4F7146F235F8B6F9B3C2C7"docLanguage="en"docName="EcolMontenegrina.7.4-32.pdf"docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 7"docSource="https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.1"docStyle="DocumentStyle:17621BF4B6DAF9FC3B559F0A069E6C5F.2:EcolMontenegrina.2014-2016.journal_article"docStyleId="17621BF4B6DAF9FC3B559F0A069E6C5F"docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2014-2016.journal_article"docStyleVersion="2"docTitle="Rudakius Proszynski 2016, gen. n."docType="treatment"docUuid="B8F72861-7719-461C-A8A7-DB47957D8DC9"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="4"lastPageNumber="25"masterDocId="5A635D663E5C7153F014FF80F970C422"masterDocTitle="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world"masterLastPageNumber="32"masterPageNumber="4"pageNumber="23"updateTime="1722872543721"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:titleid="37F86A278F4416448B2A702EB05027FC">Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world</mods:title>
<figureCitationid="B6C8888D3E4F7140F2D9F8D7FA15C350"box="[717,869,1879,1906]"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="20.[151,226,1770,1794]"captionTargetBox="[172,1358,189,1737]"captionTargetId="figure-5@20.[151,1388,189,1751]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of new genera: A – B – Psenuc vesporum, the internal structure of epigyne, palp and modified tibia I with reduced spines; C – E – Okinawicius [?] vankeeri: spermatheca and duct, palp and habitus, note flattened body and a row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; F – I – Rudakius cinctus: the internal structure of epigyne and single spermatheca, magnified, abdominal pattern of female and male, male palp; J – R. maureri: the row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; K – M – Sittipub pubescens: the internal structure of epigyne, epigyne and male palp. N - Yllenus coreanus, scopula brush on tarsus I. Sources: drawn by J. Prószyński in Annales zoologici: A – B, K –1992: 44, 8: 112-113, f 88-90, 92-93; C – E – 2003: 53, 151-152, Figs 594, 605-609; F – I – 1984. 37: 351-352, f. 20, 23, 27, 39, 41; J –1992: 44: 105-106, Fig. 79; K – Proszynski 1987: 97 (Fig. unnumbered); N – 1968: 26: 426, Fig. 76; drawn by M. Żabka: L – M – Fauna Polski 19: 92, Figs 347-348, 350. By courtesy."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13224421"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13224421/files/figure.png"pageId="19"pageNumber="23">Figures 8F–J</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4A62E9F93E4F7140F406F83CFD8BC3F5"author="Proszynski, J."box="[1042,1275,1980,2007]"pageId="19"pageNumber="23"refId="ref18444"refString="Proszynski, J. (2016 a) Monograph of Salticidae (Araneae) of the World 1995 - 2015. Part I: Introduction to alternative classification of Salticidae."type="book"year="2016">Prószyński (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
<figureCitationid="B6C8888D3E497146F229FECAFBE3C547"box="[573,659,330,357]"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="20.[151,226,1770,1794]"captionTargetBox="[172,1358,189,1737]"captionTargetId="figure-5@20.[151,1388,189,1751]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of new genera: A – B – Psenuc vesporum, the internal structure of epigyne, palp and modified tibia I with reduced spines; C – E – Okinawicius [?] vankeeri: spermatheca and duct, palp and habitus, note flattened body and a row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; F – I – Rudakius cinctus: the internal structure of epigyne and single spermatheca, magnified, abdominal pattern of female and male, male palp; J – R. maureri: the row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; K – M – Sittipub pubescens: the internal structure of epigyne, epigyne and male palp. N - Yllenus coreanus, scopula brush on tarsus I. Sources: drawn by J. Prószyński in Annales zoologici: A – B, K –1992: 44, 8: 112-113, f 88-90, 92-93; C – E – 2003: 53, 151-152, Figs 594, 605-609; F – I – 1984. 37: 351-352, f. 20, 23, 27, 39, 41; J –1992: 44: 105-106, Fig. 79; K – Proszynski 1987: 97 (Fig. unnumbered); N – 1968: 26: 426, Fig. 76; drawn by M. Żabka: L – M – Fauna Polski 19: 92, Figs 347-348, 350. By courtesy."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13224421"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13224421/files/figure.png"pageId="21"pageNumber="25">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="B6C8888D3E497146F12BFEECF8A0C5A5"box="[319,464,364,391]"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="20.[151,226,1770,1794]"captionTargetBox="[172,1358,189,1737]"captionTargetId="figure-5@20.[151,1388,189,1751]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of new genera: A – B – Psenuc vesporum, the internal structure of epigyne, palp and modified tibia I with reduced spines; C – E – Okinawicius [?] vankeeri: spermatheca and duct, palp and habitus, note flattened body and a row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; F – I – Rudakius cinctus: the internal structure of epigyne and single spermatheca, magnified, abdominal pattern of female and male, male palp; J – R. maureri: the row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; K – M – Sittipub pubescens: the internal structure of epigyne, epigyne and male palp. N - Yllenus coreanus, scopula brush on tarsus I. Sources: drawn by J. Prószyński in Annales zoologici: A – B, K –1992: 44, 8: 112-113, f 88-90, 92-93; C – E – 2003: 53, 151-152, Figs 594, 605-609; F – I – 1984. 37: 351-352, f. 20, 23, 27, 39, 41; J –1992: 44: 105-106, Fig. 79; K – Proszynski 1987: 97 (Fig. unnumbered); N – 1968: 26: 426, Fig. 76; drawn by M. Żabka: L – M – Fauna Polski 19: 92, Figs 347-348, 350. By courtesy."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13224421"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13224421/files/figure.png"pageId="21"pageNumber="25">Figs. 8G–H</figureCitation>
). At first glance epigyne and palps appear entirely different from other genera of this group, however, in spite of different appearance, all parts of these structures appear homologous.
Female. Epigyne has two large grooves, separated by a septum, but without visible external pair of pockets. Copulatory openings are distinctly visible in the middle part of medium septum, sclerotized and followed by broad, sclerotized ducts running posteriorly, then making a full circle tight loop, near branching off point of the scent opening armature. From that spot follows an obliquely sclerotized duct, unusually narrow, to postero-medially located spermathecae, small in comparison with the size of the epigyne (
<figureCitationid="B6C8888D3E497146F57FFDB6F9CAC651"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="20.[151,226,1770,1794]"captionTargetBox="[172,1358,189,1737]"captionTargetId="figure-5@20.[151,1388,189,1751]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of new genera: A – B – Psenuc vesporum, the internal structure of epigyne, palp and modified tibia I with reduced spines; C – E – Okinawicius [?] vankeeri: spermatheca and duct, palp and habitus, note flattened body and a row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; F – I – Rudakius cinctus: the internal structure of epigyne and single spermatheca, magnified, abdominal pattern of female and male, male palp; J – R. maureri: the row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; K – M – Sittipub pubescens: the internal structure of epigyne, epigyne and male palp. N - Yllenus coreanus, scopula brush on tarsus I. Sources: drawn by J. Prószyński in Annales zoologici: A – B, K –1992: 44, 8: 112-113, f 88-90, 92-93; C – E – 2003: 53, 151-152, Figs 594, 605-609; F – I – 1984. 37: 351-352, f. 20, 23, 27, 39, 41; J –1992: 44: 105-106, Fig. 79; K – Proszynski 1987: 97 (Fig. unnumbered); N – 1968: 26: 426, Fig. 76; drawn by M. Żabka: L – M – Fauna Polski 19: 92, Figs 347-348, 350. By courtesy."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13224421"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13224421/files/figure.png"pageId="21"pageNumber="25">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="E9F3EF8B3E497146F0E3FDD8FA9AC651"authority="(Andreeva, Heciak & Proszynski, 1984)"authorityName="Prószyński"authorityYear="2016"baseAuthorityName="Andreeva, Heciak & Proszynski"baseAuthorityYear="1984"box="[247,1002,600,627]"class="Arachnida"family="Salticidae"genus="Rudakius"kingdom="Animalia"order="Araneae"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="afghanicus"status="comb. nov.">
<bibRefCitationid="4A62E9F93E497146F212FDD8FA91C651"author="Andreeva, E. M. & Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J."box="[518,993,600,627]"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"pagination="349 - 375"refId="ref17627"refString="Andreeva, E. M., Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J. (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 37, 349 - 375."type="journal article"year="1984">Andreeva, Heciak & Prószynski, 1984</bibRefCitation>
spermatheca is different, intermediary to the state in
<taxonomicNameid="E9F3EF8B3E497146F1CEFDFAFB11C6B7"authorityName="Berland & Millot"authorityYear="1941"box="[474,609,634,661]"class="Arachnida"family="Salticidae"genus="Afraflacilla"kingdom="Animalia"order="Araneae"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="genus">
Male palp is very special, with the anterior edge of bulbus truncated transversally, with robust embolus arising antero-laterally and the posterior part of bulbus expanded diagonally, postero-laterally. Tibial apophysis large, consisting of two long, pointed rami, widely spaced, in some species, however, dorsal ramus is distinctly shorter (
<figureCitationid="B6C8888D3E497146F1C3FCA2FB59C71F"box="[471,553,802,829]"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="20.[151,226,1770,1794]"captionTargetBox="[172,1358,189,1737]"captionTargetId="figure-5@20.[151,1388,189,1751]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of new genera: A – B – Psenuc vesporum, the internal structure of epigyne, palp and modified tibia I with reduced spines; C – E – Okinawicius [?] vankeeri: spermatheca and duct, palp and habitus, note flattened body and a row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; F – I – Rudakius cinctus: the internal structure of epigyne and single spermatheca, magnified, abdominal pattern of female and male, male palp; J – R. maureri: the row of subocular stridulatory bristles on tubercles; K – M – Sittipub pubescens: the internal structure of epigyne, epigyne and male palp. N - Yllenus coreanus, scopula brush on tarsus I. Sources: drawn by J. Prószyński in Annales zoologici: A – B, K –1992: 44, 8: 112-113, f 88-90, 92-93; C – E – 2003: 53, 151-152, Figs 594, 605-609; F – I – 1984. 37: 351-352, f. 20, 23, 27, 39, 41; J –1992: 44: 105-106, Fig. 79; K – Proszynski 1987: 97 (Fig. unnumbered); N – 1968: 26: 426, Fig. 76; drawn by M. Żabka: L – M – Fauna Polski 19: 92, Figs 347-348, 350. By courtesy."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13224421"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13224421/files/figure.png"pageId="21"pageNumber="25">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4A62E9F93E497146F1B0FC4BFA13C7C4"author="Andreeva, E. M. & Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J."box="[420,867,971,998]"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"pagination="349 - 375"refId="ref17627"refString="Andreeva, E. M., Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J. (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 37, 349 - 375."type="journal article"year="1984">Andreeva, Heciak, Prószynski, 1984</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4A62E9F93E497146F30EFB8FFD93C008"author="Andreeva, E. M. & Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J."box="[794,1251,1039,1066]"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"pagination="349 - 375"refId="ref17627"refString="Andreeva, E. M., Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J. (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 37, 349 - 375."type="journal article"year="1984">Andreeva, Heciak, Prószynski, 1984</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="E9F3EF8B3E497146F10FFABEFA1EC174"authority="Peckham & Peckham, 1909: 495"authorityName="Peckham & Peckham"authorityPageNumber="495"authorityYear="1909"box="[283,878,1342,1366]"class="Arachnida"family="Salticidae"genus="Pseudicius"kingdom="Animalia"order="Araneae"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="siticulosus">
is based on diagnostic drawings by W.P. Maddison (http://www.peckhamia.com/salticidae/q8-Metap.html#met-sit), published in 1996, but unfortunately the crucial drawing of internal structures of epigyne was not published. Owing to the kindness of Dr. W.P. Maddison I have seen that drawing in 1986, but I have no permission to display it. Maddison, informed on misplacement of this species, has told me that he has been aware of that since many years, but he doubts that genus
<taxonomicNameid="E9F3EF8B3E497146F0F7F9E5FA7CC2A2"authority="Pickard-Cambridge F. O., 1901"authorityName="Pickard-Cambridge F. O."authorityYear="1901"box="[227,780,1637,1664]"class="Arachnida"family="Salticidae"genus="Metaphidippus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Araneae"pageId="21"pageNumber="25"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="genus">
is necessary for understanding the evolution of that genus, which has never reached Western Hemisphere, however, records in World Spider Catalog are not updated yet.
