treatments-xml/data/96/7E/5C/967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13.xml

<document id="60757BFC7F01A5F469EDD89662EE6DF2" ID-CLB-Dataset="26061" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="72dd17e4-7c47-41d2-b49b-971d6b63ba7f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3363653" ID-ZooBank="04D7DC4C-5EBC-4C5A-9E68-7795E8E60ECA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1565270468486" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Halász, Anna, Mcfadden, Catherine S., Toonen, Robert &amp; Benayahu, Yehuda" docDate="2019" docId="967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4652.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4652 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xenia viridis , Schenk 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="227" masterDocId="6A472469AC2E9000FFCDFFF8171FFF97" masterDocTitle="Re-description of type material of Xenia Lamarck, 1816 (Octocorallia: Xeniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="224" updateTime="1738666101112" updateUser="diego">
<mods:mods id="D813E5238DEC0096486EE4B2B7A74D02" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4D97DEE9B3C6FE382D32CD55605A4E2A">
<mods:title id="F254157EBB2AD44B2C48D2E709A358B6">Re-description of type material of Xenia Lamarck, 1816 (Octocorallia: Xeniidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="FCA45014E3F6BB6C47979D5D48EAB5C6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C989525B1215A7FAD4BF70EF310ACD1B">
<mods:roleTerm id="8C04F9EBE2B161C88BB8D13367AB553C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="43FBFC220CC595766CB75F653600867C">Halász, Anna</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="49EADB7757549600331AD6E008B080BD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="77B9E549BCB6E9913A75A905B4157BFC">
<mods:roleTerm id="DA694B9E07B368C491FFE0149B1B8BF9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E384B8685472ABBA79E99EBC8860B796">Mcfadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="44750A416467BCC7AD72C863A277E4A9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F93144AAA1C68CA0ABB61C606558A170">
<mods:roleTerm id="8AE22048042F703CA88854B6F46624DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3E7811A9C58D04DAEDE7A7086998F767">Toonen, Robert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B64C0F89FB6632E43DCC5CCEFFA89613" type="personal">
<mods:role id="893FDBA8B610AC943361160A166409E7">
<mods:roleTerm id="74FC139B3C8D319DB9ECAFFB196CDE05">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1C51D93958FC153C6EFBB79F430C1700">Benayahu, Yehuda</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B5B974856EE900702C8EC5ED0DFCCE4C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A992EB3C41E7AE39075A2227EA24DCC6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E2982C59E8366C29C4628CAB71C28FBB">
<mods:title id="7EA0184D626E7D9F28762316ED89BBEF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A0B260ACB6691C708B62E4B26F92A281">
<mods:date id="60EBF48F38E3B5ECC7D47C7D2E3D03B9">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="39DB70F7E68F2F67F8499C3411566C12" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="DE3ED6DE4A9371C8707D6242951C4013">2019-08-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="15439AD875B537C80A3FFA7A40084BCE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="16C2FC61F69B1ECA2B9BE7F2E95FA308">4652</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E414753B98F04691E3B42C70F8016F73" type="issue">
<mods:number id="4570FB87EE56603A1AD4D03C91F3E271">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="66FBC366496DE9281976234C6E99E04D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="8BF52762E05C72E4995A6F109EA722E6">201</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F1AB60E441A1450C2AF3B6632624822E">239</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="C714C46A23175AE2F8A68F60B62EC8FF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1152475BD87FBA05D8B9191B2D36FD2A" type="CLB-Dataset">26061</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="706D2F9E6BE964712DEE8D86C5F349C5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FB03EF4567D2B3D84E1DF6010645CB10" type="GBIF-Dataset">72dd17e4-7c47-41d2-b49b-971d6b63ba7f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D2C95911DFE7C0CC054E175090C0537D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A7148C862A9E94835325C009F49DE1B4" type="Zenodo-Dep">3363653</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="15CA32D60B2D4802AFA542AB793FE7A5" type="ZooBank">04D7DC4C-5EBC-4C5A-9E68-7795E8E60ECA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5944984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159044027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5944984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" scope_family="Xeniidae" scope_order="Alcyonacea" scope_subClass="Octocorallia">
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC399017FF5AF8ED16C2F8B8" box="[151,477,1813,1839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC399017FF5AF8ED16C2F8B8" blockId="23.[151,477,1813,1872]" box="[151,477,1813,1839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<heading id="45205A6BAC399017FF5AF8ED16C2F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,477,1813,1839]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC399017FF5AF8ED16C2F8B8" ID-CoL="5C98L" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,477,1813,1839]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FF5AF8ED16C2F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,477,1813,1839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FF5AF8ED162EF8B8" bold="true" box="[151,305,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Xenia viridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FEF5F8ED16C2F8B8" author="Schenk, A." box="[312,477,1813,1839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC399017FF5AF8CF17F9F8C7" box="[151,230,1847,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC399017FF5AF8CF17F9F8C7" blockId="23.[151,477,1813,1872]" box="[151,230,1847,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC399017FF5AF8CF17F9F8C7" box="[151,230,1847,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia viridis Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC399017FF5AF882138FF87C" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC399017FF5AF88215ADF818" blockId="23.[151,1436,1913,2027]" box="[151,690,1913,1935]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC399017FF5AF88216E7F818" authority="Schenk, 1896: 62 - 63" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,504,1913,1935]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FF5AF8821606F818" box="[151,281,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Xenia viridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FED2F88116E7F818" author="Schenk, A." box="[287,504,1913,1935]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896: 62–63</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, plate 2, 
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC399017FD9EF88115ADF818" box="[595,690,1913,1935]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStart-4="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="8.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,250,1551,1573]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,1662,1684]" captionStartId-3="12.[151,250,1695,1717]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,250,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox-0="[309,1277,547,1409]" captionTargetBox-1="[309,1277,373,1529]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetBox-3="[309,1277,463,1673]" captionTargetBox-4="[308,1279,193,1497]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[309,1277,547,1409]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[309,1277,373,1529]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[340,1247,409,1641]" captionTargetId-3="figure@12.[309,1277,463,1673]" captionTargetId-4="figure@14.[308,1279,193,1497]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia plicata Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 45). a. Ellipsoid platelets, most fractured; b. Fractured sclerite; c. Fractured sclerite, enlarged, composed of calcite rods, often dendritic and sinuous, and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.001 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia crassa Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 39). a. Sclerites with a surface crest, fractured; b. Ellipsoid platelet, mostly fractured; c. Fractured sclerite composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region. Arrows at b, c indicate surface furrow. Scale bar 0.010 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia fusca Schenk, 1896 syntype (SMF 40). a. Ellipsoid platelets; b. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods and more or less radially arranged in the peripheral region; c. Overview of sclerites. Scale at a and c 0.010 mm, at b 0.002 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia garciae Bourne, 1894 type (BML 1921.11.18.1). a. Sclerite with a surface crest, fractured; b. Ellipsoid sclerites, fractured c. Fractured sclerite composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous and radially arranged in the peripheral region; d. Overview of sclerites, fractured. Scale bar at a, b and d 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia grasshoffi Verseveldt, 1974 holotype (SMF 2616). a. Ellipsoid platelets, fractured; b. Sclerites with surface crest; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of dendritic calcite rods radially arranged, at least in peripheral region; d. Overview of variety of sclerites. Scale bar at a, b and c 0.010 mm, at d 0.020 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3363661/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3363663/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3363665/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3363667/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3363669/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Figs. 4–8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC399017FF5AF861138FF87C" blockId="23.[151,1436,1913,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3EC7CA29AC399017FF5AF861138FF87C" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC399017FF5AF8611605F839" ID-CoL="5C98L" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,282,1944,1966]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FF5AF8611605F839" box="[151,282,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Xenia viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FEEAF8601534F839" author="Ashworth, J. H." box="[295,555,1944,1966]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="509 - 530" refId="ref24203" refString="Ashworth, J. H. (1900) Report on the Xeniidae collected by Dr. Willey. In: Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected by Dr. A. Willey during the years 1895 - 1897. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 509 - 530." type="book chapter" year="1900">Ashworth 1900: 516–518</bibRefCitation>
fig. 14; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FD4EF8601490F839" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[643,911,1944,1966]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="635 - 662" refId="ref25770" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1902) Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien: I. Die Familie der Xeniiden. Zoologisches Jahrbuch, Abteilung fur systematic, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 15, 635 - 662. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19040" type="journal article" year="1902">Kükenthal 1902: 649–650</bibRefCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="9F76CB16AC399017FC57F860136CF839" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[922,1139,1944,1966]" page="309" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FC57F860136CF839" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[922,1139,1944,1966]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="307 - 346" refId="ref25844" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1911) Alcyonarien von den Aru- und Kei-Inseln nach den sammlungen von Dr H. Merton. - Abhandlungen Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Senckenb. Frankfurt, 33, 307 - 346, figs. 1 - 83, pls. 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="1911">Kükenthal 1911: 309</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="9F76CB16AC399017FBB3F8601288F839" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Dean, L. M. I." box="[1150,1431,1944,1966]" page="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FBB3F8601288F839" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Dean, L. M. I." box="[1150,1431,1944,1966]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 227" refId="ref27319" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Dean, L. M. I. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga expedition: with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga Expedition Monograph, 13 d, 1 - 227, 28 pls." type="book chapter" year="1931">Thomson &amp; Dean 1931: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="9F76CB16AC399017FF0AF84F1679F85B" author="Roxas, H. A." box="[199,358,1974,1996]" page="84" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FF0AF84F1679F85B" author="Roxas, H. A." box="[199,358,1974,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="49 - 108" refId="ref26841" refString="Roxas, H. A. (1933) Philippine Alcyonaria, the Families Cornulariidae and Xeniidae. The Philippine Journal of Science, 50, 49 - 108." type="journal article" year="1933">Roxas 1933: 84</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
fig. 6; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FE7FF84E15A3F85B" author="Verseveldt, J." box="[434,700,1974,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="209 - 251" refId="ref27608" refString="Verseveldt, J. (1960) Biological results of the Snellius-Expedition XX. Octocorallia from the Malay Archipelago (Part 1). Temminckia, 10, 209 - 251." type="journal article" year="1960">Verseveldt 1960: 246–247</bibRefCitation>
fig. 4c; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FCDFF84E135DF85B" author="Tixier-Durivault, A." box="[786,1090,1974,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref27154" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. (1966) Octocoralliaires. Faune de Madagascar, 21, 1 - 456." type="journal article" year="1966">Tixier-Durivault 1966: 363–5</bibRefCitation>
, fig 328; Verseveldt 1971: 63–64; 
<treatmentCitation id="9F76CB16AC399017FF0AF82D1686F87C" author="Benayahu, Y." box="[199,409,2005,2027]" page="118" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FF0AF82D1686F87C" author="Benayahu, Y." box="[199,409,2005,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="113 - 120" refId="ref24267" refString="Benayahu, Y. (1990) Xeniidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) from the Red Sea with description of a new species. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 64, 113 - 120." type="journal article" year="1990">Benayahu 1990: 118</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, table 1, listed only; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FDA1F82E15FFF87C" author="Janes, M. P." box="[620,736,2005,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="195 - 200" refId="ref25439" refString="Janes, M. P. (2013) Distribution and diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) in Lembeh Strait, Indonesia. Galaxea JCRS, 15 (Supplement), 195 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.3755 / galaxea. 15.195" type="journal article" year="2013">Janes 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FD27F82E1489F87C" author="Janes, M. P. &amp; McFadden, C. S. &amp; Chanmethakul, T." box="[746,918,2005,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref25492" refString="Janes, M. P., McFadden, C. S. &amp; Chanmethakul, T. (2014) A new species of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) from the Andaman Sea, Thailand with notes on the biogeography of this genus. Zookeys, 431, 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 431.7751" type="journal article" year="2014">
Janes 
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FCEAF82E144CF87C" box="[807,851,2005,2027]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC399017FC6DF82D1393F87C" author="McFadden, C. S. &amp; Reynolds, A. M. &amp; Janes, M. P." box="[928,1164,2005,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="247 - 257" refId="ref26293" refString="McFadden, C. S., Reynolds, A. M. &amp; Janes, M. P. (2014 a) DNA barcoding of xeniid soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Xeniidae) from Indonesia: species richness and phylogenetic relationships. Systematics and Biodiversity, 12, 247 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772000.2014.902866" type="journal article" year="2014">
McFadden 
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC399017FBDFF82E1320F87C" box="[1042,1087,2005,2027]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
. 2014a
</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="4AA8BD8FAC369018FF5AF9D01634F9EC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363681/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" startId="24.[151,250,1576,1598]" targetBox="[309,1277,193,1554]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC369018FF5AF9D01634F9EC" blockId="24.[151,1436,1576,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC369018FF5AF9D0163BF9AA" bold="true" box="[151,292,1576,1598]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC369018FCACF9D113BCF9A9" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[865,1187,1576,1598]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ternatana">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC369018FCACF9D11315F9A9" box="[865,1034,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Xenia ternatana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC369018FBD9F9D013BCF9A9" author="Schenk, A." box="[1044,1187,1576,1598]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
holotype (SMF 43). a. Ellipsoid platelets, most fractured; b. Fractured sclerite composed of dendritic calcite rods; c. Sclerites with surface crest. Scale bar 0.010 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="56CDBE8CAC36901AFF5AF95A14C6FD13" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC369018FF5AF95A134DF948" blockId="24.[151,1437,1698,2011]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC369018FF5AF95A1619F92C" bold="true" box="[151,262,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="AEBFE75AAC369018FEC0F95A1327F92C" box="[269,1080,1698,1723]" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="W. Kukenthal" country="Indonesia" location="Ternate Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="SMF 42" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC369018FEC0F95A169CF92C" bold="true" box="[269,387,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC369018FEC0F95A1661F92C" box="[269,382,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="4E71457CAC369018FE46F95B16F7F92C" box="[395,488,1699,1723]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">SMF 42</specimenCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC369018FE39F95A157BF92C" box="[500,612,1698,1723]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<location id="1B08BBDCAC369018FDA2F95B140FF92C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13:1B08BBDCAC369018FDA2F95B140FF92C" box="[623,784,1698,1723]" country="Indonesia" name="Ternate Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Ternate Island</location>
, 1894, coll. 
<collectorName id="B32288D1AC369018FC57F95B1327F92C" box="[922,1080,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">W. Kükenthal</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="AEBFE75AAC369018FB89F95A134DF948" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313475060" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="W. Kukenthal &amp; Wertau" country="Indonesia" determinerName="W. Kukenthal." elevation="4" location="Klein-kei Nuhu" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="SMF 42, SMF 77" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC369018FB89F95A122DF92C" bold="true" box="[1092,1330,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">additional material:</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="4E71457CAC369018FAF7F95B1288F92D" box="[1338,1431,1699,1723]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">SMF 77</specimenCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC369018FF5AF93E1618F948" box="[151,263,1734,1759]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<location id="1B08BBDCAC369018FEDFF93E16DCF948" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967E5C11AC39901AFF5AF8ED14C6FD13:1B08BBDCAC369018FEDFF93E16DCF948" box="[274,451,1734,1759]" country="Indonesia" name="Klein-kei Nuhu" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Klein-kei Nuhu</location>
, 
<elevation id="95FA0A34AC369018FE02F93F1507F949" box="[463,536,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FE02F93F1507F949" box="[463,536,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 1908, coll. 
<collectorName id="B32288D1AC369018FD6CF93F15EBF949" box="[673,756,1735,1758]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Wertau</collectorName>
, determined by: 
<determinerName id="EBB401C3AC369018FC7DF93F134DF948" box="[944,1106,1734,1759]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">W. Kükenthal.</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC369018FF0AF91214A2F8F8" blockId="24.[151,1437,1698,2011]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
The 
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC369018FF34F9121644F894" box="[249,347,1770,1795]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FEB1F91316D4F895" box="[380,459,1771,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
high; its stalk is 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FD44F91215C7F895" box="[649,728,1770,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FCD2F9131472F895" box="[799,877,1771,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
wide at its base and 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FB9BF91313BAF895" box="[1110,1189,1771,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
wide at its uppermost part. The polyp body is up to 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FE10F8F71501F8B1" box="[477,542,1807,1831]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, and the tentacles up to 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FCACF8F614CDF8B1" box="[865,978,1806,1831]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
long, featuring three rows of pinnules on each side. The pinnules are slender, up to 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FD48F8CA15F3F8DD" box="[645,748,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FCA8F8CA14D3F8DD" box="[869,972,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
wide, 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FBD3F8CA139BF8DC" box="[1054,1156,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="in" value="18.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="15.0">15–22 in</quantity>
the outermost row with spacing of no gap up to half a pinnule-width between adjacent pinnules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC369019FF0AF8821517FF6F" blockId="24.[151,1437,1698,2011]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,151,248]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
Sclerites are present in all parts of the colony, less dense in the stalk than in the polyps and lacking in the distal parts of the pinnules. They are ellipsoid platelets, measuring 
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC369018FC8FF867149EF820" box="[834,897,1951,1975]" degrees="0.008" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="0.008">0.008</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC369018FC4CF86714D2F820" box="[897,973,1951,1975]" degrees="0.013" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="-0.013">–0.013</geoCoordinate>
X 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC369018FC3CF86713AFF821" box="[1009,1200,1951,1975]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="0.0165" valueMax="0.02" valueMin="0.013">
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC369018FC3CF8671330F820" box="[1009,1071,1951,1975]" degrees="0.013" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="0.013">0.013</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC369018FBE2F8671363F820" box="[1071,1148,1951,1975]" degrees="0.020" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="-0.02">–0.020</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC369018FA88F8661288F820" box="[1349,1431,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia viridis Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
, n=26). Some of the sclerites possess a longitudinal or diagonal-transverse crest (
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC369018FBE3F83A1390F84C" box="[1070,1167,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia viridis Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Fig. 15b</figureCitation>
) and some a furrow on their narrow side (see arrow in 
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC379019FDC1FF6F1570FF27" box="[524,623,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia viridis Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 15a</figureCitation>
). They are composed of calcite rods arranged radially, but assembled randomly at the sclerite center (
<figureCitation id="86ECF182AC379019FE32FF44157FFF42" box="[511,608,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" captionTargetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[310,1277,301,1549]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of Xenia viridis Schenk, 1896 holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 15c</figureCitation>
). The sclerite surface is granular. The ethanol-preserved 
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC379019FB29FF441259FF42" box="[1252,1350,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is light beige in color, polyps are lighter.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4AA8BD8FAC379019FF5AF9DA15A4F903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363683/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" startId="25.[151,250,1570,1592]" targetBox="[310,1277,301,1549]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC379019FF5AF9DA15A4F903" blockId="25.[151,1436,1570,1684]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC379019FF5AF9DA163FF9A0" bold="true" box="[151,288,1570,1592]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC379019FCF1F9DB134EF9AF" authority="Schenk, 1896" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[828,1105,1570,1592]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC379019FCF1F9DB14A0F9AF" box="[828,959,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Xenia viridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC379019FC0BF9DA134EF9AF" author="Schenk, A." box="[966,1105,1570,1592]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
holotype (SMF 42). a. Ellipsoid platelets featuring rough granulated surface, arrow indicates surface furrow; b. Sclerites with surface crest, fractured; c. Fractured sclerites composed of a latticework matrix of calcite rods, dendritic and sinuous, and radially arranged in peripheral region. Scale bar at a and b 0.010 mm, at c 0.002 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC379019FF0AF9391628F819" blockId="25.[151,1437,1729,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
The dimensions of the additional colony examined are similar to the 
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC379019FC11F939135DF94D" box="[988,1090,1729,1754]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; its polyp body is up to 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC379019FA97F93A1282F94E" box="[1370,1437,1730,1754]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long, and the tentacles are up to 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC379019FDC8F91D1558F96A" box="[517,583,1765,1790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long, featuring three rows of pinnules on each side, 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC379019FB55F91D13E4F969" box="[1176,1275,1765,1790]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 in</quantity>
the outermost row with a space of up to half a pinnule-width between adjacent pinnules. Sclerites are present in all parts of the colony, measuring 
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FEB8F8D616ABF8D1" box="[373,436,1838,1862]" degrees="0.010" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="0.01">0.010</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FE79F8D6151FF8D1" box="[436,512,1838,1862]" degrees="0.017" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="-0.017">–0.017</geoCoordinate>
X 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC379019FDE1F8D515EFF8D2" box="[556,752,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.1999999999999997" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="0.024" valueMax="0.026" valueMin="0.022">
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FDE1F8D51574F8D1" box="[556,619,1837,1862]" degrees="0.022" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="0.022">0.022</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FDA6F8D515A6F8D1" box="[619,697,1837,1862]" degrees="0.026" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="-0.026">–0.026</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
in maximal diameter (n=24). They are ellipsoid platelets, composed of calcite rods, arranged radially, at least on the sclerite surface. The ethanol-preserved colony is light beige in color.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC37901AFF0AF861156EFE47" blockId="25.[151,1437,1729,2006]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC379019FF0AF8611624F825" bold="true" box="[199,315,1945,1970]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the original description of 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC379019FD44F86214BEF825" authority=", Schenk (1896)" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[649,929,1945,1970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC379019FD44F86215EFF825" box="[649,752,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">X. viridis</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC379019FD30F86114BEF825" author="Schenk, A." box="[765,929,1945,1970]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" pagination="40 - 80" refId="ref26994" refString="Schenk, A. (1896) Clavulariiden, Xeniiden und Alcyoniiden von Ternate. Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 40 - 80." type="journal article" year="1896">Schenk (1896)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
indicated three rows of pinnules, with 14–15 pinnules in a row and sclerites of 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC379019FDECF84515FCF842" box="[545,739,1981,2006]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="0.0125" valueMax="0.015" valueMin="0.01">
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FDECF845157FF841" box="[545,608,1981,2006]" degrees="0.010" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="0.01">0.010</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC379019FDACF84515B2F841" box="[609,685,1981,2006]" degrees="0.015" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" precision="55" value="-0.015">–0.015</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
in diameter. The number of rows corresponds to the current findings, but the range in number of pinnules was found to be slightly larger, 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC34901AFBC5FF6F1373FF27" box="[1032,1132,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" unit="in" value="18.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="15.0">15–22 in</quantity>
the 
<typeStatus id="C16C53A5AC34901AFB53FF6F121FFF27" box="[1182,1280,151,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC34901AFAF5FF6F1283FF27" box="[1336,1436,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 in</quantity>
the other material. The sclerite dimensions were found to be larger than in the original observation. In his revision of 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFF78FF2716F0FF6F" authority=", Kukenthal (1902)" authorityName=", Kukenthal" authorityYear="1902" box="[181,495,223,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
Xeniidae, 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFEE4FF2716F0FF6F" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[297,495,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="635 - 662" refId="ref25770" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1902) Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien: I. Die Familie der Xeniiden. Zoologisches Jahrbuch, Abteilung fur systematic, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 15, 635 - 662. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19040" type="journal article" year="1902">Kükenthal (1902)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
indicated the presence of the species in 
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC34901AFC79FF18137AFF6F" box="[948,1125,223,248]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFBBDFF271227FF6F" author="Verseveldt, J." box="[1136,1336,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="209 - 251" refId="ref27608" refString="Verseveldt, J. (1960) Biological results of the Snellius-Expedition XX. Octocorallia from the Malay Archipelago (Part 1). Temminckia, 10, 209 - 251." type="journal article" year="1960">Verseveldt (1960)</bibRefCitation>
reported it in 
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC34901AFF02FEFC1620FE8A" box="[207,319,260,285]" name="Indonesia" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, with three rows and 15–17 pinnules, and sclerites 
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC34901AFC5EFEFC14CEFE8B" box="[915,977,260,284]" degrees="0.017" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" precision="55" value="0.017">0.017</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7BE38BC0AC34901AFC1FFEFC1300FE8B" box="[978,1055,260,284]" degrees="0.020" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" precision="55" value="-0.02">–0.020</geoCoordinate>
X 
<quantity id="D92F40E2AC34901AFB8AFEFC13A3FE8B" box="[1095,1212,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="0.015">0.015 mm</quantity>
in diameter, in full agreement with the type. 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFE72FEDF1568FED7" author="Reinicke, G. B." box="[447,631,295,320]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="5 - 62" refId="ref26705" refString="Reinicke, G. B. (1997) Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea, with descriptions of six new species of Xenia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 16, 5 - 62." type="journal article" year="1997">Reinicke (1997)</bibRefCitation>
raised doubts concerning the presence of the species in the Red Sea, based on his examination of the material noted in 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFD03FEB4148CFEF3" author="Benayahu, Y." box="[718,915,332,357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="113 - 120" refId="ref24267" refString="Benayahu, Y. (1990) Xeniidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) from the Red Sea with description of a new species. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 64, 113 - 120." type="journal article" year="1990">Benayahu (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, which he concluded should be assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFA49FEB51683FE1F" authority="Reinicke, 1997" authorityName="Reinicke" authorityYear="1997" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFA49FEB517F3FE1F" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">X. crenata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFF3FFE971683FE1F" author="Reinicke, G. B." box="[242,412,367,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="5 - 62" refId="ref26705" refString="Reinicke, G. B. (1997) Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea, with descriptions of six new species of Xenia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 16, 5 - 62." type="journal article" year="1997">Reinicke, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFE71FE881439FE1F" authority="in Halasz et al. 2014" authorityName="in Halasz" authorityYear="2014" box="[444,806,367,392]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFE71FE88152CFE1F" box="[444,563,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">O. crenata</emphasis>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="7A4690F6AC34901AFD9BFE971439FE1F" author="Halasz, A. &amp; McFadden, C. S. &amp; Aharonovich, D. &amp; Toonen, R. J. &amp; Benayahu, Y." box="[598,806,367,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref24996" refString="Halasz, A., McFadden, C. S., Aharonovich, D., Toonen, R. J. &amp; Benayahu, Y. (2014) A revision of the octocoral genus Ovabunda Alderslade, 2001 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Xeniidae). ZooKeys, 373, 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 373.6511" type="journal article" year="2014">
Halász 
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFD67FE8915FDFE1F" box="[682,738,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). In McFadden 
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFC18FE89131AFE1F" box="[981,1029,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">et al</emphasis>
. (2014) two specimens identified as 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFF5AFE6D161FFE3A" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,256,404,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFF5AFE6D161FFE3A" box="[151,256,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">X. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described, bearing three rows and 14–18 pinnules in the outermost one, which partially overlaps with the current re-description of the type.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC34901AFF0AFE24133BFDC8" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFF0AFE241525FE62" bold="true" box="[199,570,476,501]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Similar species and conclusion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFD8CFE2515D5FE62" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[577,714,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="blumi">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFD8CFE2515D5FE62" box="[577,714,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Xenia blumi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFCCDFE251479FE62" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[768,870,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFCCDFE251479FE62" box="[768,870,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">X. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feature three rows of pinnules and an overlapping number of pinnules in the outermost row. They also feature dendritic sclerite microstructures. Unlike 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFAD8FDF9126AFD8F" authorityName="Schenk" authorityYear="1896" box="[1301,1397,511,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="blumi">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFAD8FDF9126AFD8F" box="[1301,1397,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">X. blumi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D9D79684AC34901AFA49FDF917C0FDAA" authorityName=", Schenk" authorityYear="1896" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFA49FDF917C0FDAA" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">X. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits crests on the sclerite surface whose suggested taxonomic significance was noted above, and, therefore, it is concluded that these two species should be considered as separate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E68ED07AC34901AFF0AFD9414C6FD13" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,645]" box="[199,985,620,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="2CA33115AC34901AFF0AFD94167FFD12" bold="true" box="[199,352,620,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC34901AFEAAFD9416C7FD12" box="[359,472,620,645]" name="Indonesia" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingCountry id="66C0AD97AC34901AFE2EFD95159EFD12" box="[483,641,620,645]" name="Ternate Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Ternate Island</collectingCountry>
and Klein-kei Nuhu, Red Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>