treatments-xml/data/72/1C/87/721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04.xml

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<mods:title id="1F6B636B113D386AF0DD83C5CCA84E4F">A new species in the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Peninsular Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="50443F55D513ECF45986BFAE17474F1F">Murray, Susan W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="765852C75C1675A7BA382A10EE58443D">Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology Department of Biology Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA &amp; Corresponding author: E-mail: susan. m 88 @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6BEBCFCA965729C14D866D681E0A3D58">Khan, Faisal A. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="59B9DE2B146F686BA0BBD73B468EE242">Kingston, Tigga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9E34B2DE41032CEA9A273E0542EFCDDC">Campbell, Polly</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AE22BC4212C19F2A726FDEB87F193FC0">Department of Integrative Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF55FADDC1EB0DF2" box="[204,431,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros kunzi</emphasis>
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Murray, Khan, Kingston, Akbar, and Campbell
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<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFE94FA1EC2C20DB5" blockId="21.[151,710,1400,1634]" box="[269,646,1467,1493]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Kunz’s bicolored leaf-nosed bat</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFF0EFA7EC25B0D90" ID-CoL="3M366" authority="(Temminck, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,543,1499,1520]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<treatmentCitation id="7B1410E1B860FF9CFF0EFA7EC25C0D90" box="[151,536,1499,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EFA7EC1270D90" box="[151,355,1499,1520]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros bicolor</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFEE9FA7EC25C0D90" author="Temminck" box="[368,536,1499,1520]" firstAuthor="Temminck" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref22157" refString="TEMMINCK, C. J. 1834. Over een Geslacht der Vleugelhandige Zoogdieren, Bladneus genaamd. (Rhinolophus Geoff. Cuv. Illig. Desm.; Vespertilio Linn., Erxl.; Noctilio Kuhl). Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie, 1: 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1834">Temminck, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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, part.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DAA511DEB860FF9CFF0EFA5DC27C0E6D" box="[151,568,1528,1549]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFF0EFA5DC2450E6D" ID-CoL="3M362" authority="(Andersen, 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Andersen" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[151,513,1528,1549]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrox">
<treatmentCitation id="7B1410E1B860FF9CFF0EFA5DC1BE0E6D" box="[151,506,1528,1549]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EFA5DC1140E6D" box="[151,336,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros atrox</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFEC4FA5DC1BE0E6D" author="Andersen" box="[349,506,1528,1549]" firstAuthor="Andersen" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="374 - 384" refId="ref19759" refString="ANDERSEN, K. 1918. Diagnoses of new bats of the families Rhinolophidae and Megadermatidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 2: 374 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Andersen, 1918</bibRefCitation>
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)
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, part.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DAA511DEB860FF9CFF0EF9B1C2FA0E49" box="[151,702,1556,1577]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFF0EF9B1C2C30E49" ID-CoL="5HYKS" authority="(Kitchener et al., 1996)" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[151,647,1556,1577]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bicolor" subSpecies="atrox">
<treatmentCitation id="7B1410E1B860FF9CFF0EF9B1C2C40E49" box="[151,640,1556,1577]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EF9B1C1D80E49" box="[151,412,1556,1577]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros bicolor atrox</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFE30F9B1C2C40E49" author="Kitchener" box="[425,640,1556,1577]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kitchener" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="179 - 192" refId="ref21116" refString="KITCHENER, D. J., Y. KONISHI, and A. SUYANTO. 1996. Morphological variation among eastern Indonesian island populations of Hipposideros bicolor (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae), with descriptions of three new subspecies. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 18: 179 - 192." type="journal article" year="1996">
Kitchener 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFD89F9B1C27F0E49" box="[528,571,1556,1577]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 1996
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)
</taxonomicName>
, part.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DAA511DEB860FF9CFF0EF994C2290E02" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFF0EF994C2360E26" blockId="21.[151,710,1400,1634]" box="[151,626,1585,1606]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitation id="7B1410E1B860FF9CFF0EF994C22E0E26" box="[151,618,1585,1606]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFF0EF994C1CB0E26" ID-CoL="4XGJ" authorityName=", Hill" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,399,1585,1606]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EF994C12F0E26" box="[151,363,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros bicolor-</emphasis>
142
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFE05F994C22E0E26" author="Kingston" box="[412,618,1585,1606]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kingston" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="1381 - 1386" refId="ref21018" refString="KINGSTON, T., M. C. LARA, G. JONES, A. ZUBAID, T. H. KUNZ, and C. J. SCHNEIDER. 2001. Acoustic divergence in two cryptic Hipposideros species: a role for social selection? Proceedings of the Royal Society London, 268 B: 1381 - 1386." type="journal article" year="2001">
Kingston 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFE65F994C2630E26" box="[508,551,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
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)
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFF0EF9E8C2290E02" ID-CoL="3M362" authority="(Douangboupha et al., 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Douangboupha" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[151,621,1613,1634]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrox">
<treatmentCitation id="7B1410E1B860FF9CFF0EF9E8C2220E02" box="[151,614,1613,1634]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EF9E8C1140E02" box="[151,336,1613,1634]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Hipposideros atrox</emphasis>
(Douangboupha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFE61F9E8C2670E02" box="[504,547,1613,1634]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2010
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)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB860FF9CFF0EF928C2260F4E" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFF0EF928C1500EC7" blockId="21.[151,764,1677,1838]" box="[151,276,1677,1703]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EF928C1500EC7" box="[151,276,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFF24F90AC2260F4E" blockId="21.[151,764,1677,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
The species is named after Thomas H. Kunz in recognition of his many contributions to the ecology and conservation of bats, and his dedication to the promotion of bat research in 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFE76F8B1C21A0F4E" box="[495,606,1812,1838]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFF0EF8FDC1470F12" box="[151,259,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="250E8852B860FF9CFF0EF8FDC1470F12" box="[151,259,1880,1906]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFF24F8DCC3F20A40" blockId="21.[151,764,1880,1973]" lastBlockId="21.[809,1423,177,816]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="4ADD3CADB860FF9CFF24F8DCC3F20A40" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813262302" collectingDate="2006-08-06" collectionCode="TTU, TK" collectorName="Robert J. Baker" location="Tech University" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="TTU 108222, TK 152065" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="3871F812B860FF9CFF24F8DCC1450FF3" box="[189,257,1913,1939]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Texas</collectingRegion>
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<specimenCode id="AA139E8BB860FF9CFE4DF8DCC2340FF3" box="[468,624,1913,1939]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TTU 108222</specimenCode>
(tissue and karyotype 
<specimenCode id="AA139E8BB860FF9CFE8AF83EC1D90FD5" box="[275,413,1947,1973]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TK 152065</specimenCode>
; field number VJS 155), adult 
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, body in alcohol, skull extracted, collected and photographed by 
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on 
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<collectingDate id="9E4FE9D8B860FF9CFB79FF76C5C9088D" box="[1248,1421,211,237]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-06">6 August 2006</collectingDate>
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during TTU-UNIMAS Sowell Expedition (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFAB4FF53C3D20952" author="Khan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Khan" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref20887" refString="KHAN, F. A. A., V. J. SWIER, S. SOLARI, P. A. LARSEN, B. KETOL, W. M ARNI, S. ELLAGUPILLAY, M. LAKIN, M. T. ABDULLAH, and R. J. BAKER. 2008. Using genetics and morphology to examine species diversity of Old World bats: report of a recent collection from Malaysia. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Texas Tech University, 281: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Khan 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFAE1FF53C3040952" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
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). Although the echolocation calls were not recorded for the 
<typeStatus id="250E8852B860FF9CFB9DFE9FC42F0934" box="[1028,1131,314,340]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the paratypes described here, all of the type specimens had mtDNA haplotypes consistent with the 142 kHz phonic group. This was further supported through comparisons of the noseleaf morphology with that of individuals for which the echolocation call frequency was known.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCD6FD8DC4520B50" blockId="21.[809,1423,177,816]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
Measurements (in mm) — forearm length: 43.31; fifth, fourth, and third metacarpals lengths, respectively: 32.20, 33.87, 32.88. Length of first and second phalanges of third digits, respectively: 17.47, 16.46; tail length: 25.0; hind-foot length: 7.0; tibia length: 19.70; ear height: 17; body mass: 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B860FF9CFA82FD77C51D0A8C" box="[1307,1369,722,748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="g" value="6.5">6.5 g</quantity>
; anterior noseleaf width: 4.66. Skull measurements are provided in 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB860FF9CFC21FCB3C4550B50" box="[952,1041,790,816]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[99,112,554,575]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[97,1967,553,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 3. The means (in mm) ± SD, and ranges (in parentheses) for 22 skull variables (see Materials and Methods for descriptions) were compared between H. kunzi (=H. bicolor-142) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; including both KWR and Borneo individuals) using GLM analysis: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. The separate means for the two populations of H. bicolor (KWR and Borneo) are also shown. The measurements for the holotype and the paratypes for H. kunzi are included for comparison" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17">Table 3</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB860FF9CFCB0FCFFC41F0C20" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCB0FCFFC3840B14" blockId="21.[809,1422,858,1088]" box="[809,960,858,884]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFCB0FCFFC3840B14" box="[809,960,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Type locality</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCD6FCD9C41F0C20" blockId="21.[809,1422,858,1088]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
Bukit Rengit, Krau Wildlife Reserve, 
<collectingRegion id="3871F812B860FF9CFAB6FCD9C5CC0BF6" box="[1327,1416,892,918]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFC5FFC3BC4720BD8" box="[966,1078,926,952]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(WGS84 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B860FF9CFCB0FC65C3A20BBA" box="[809,998,960,986]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="59.0" value="102.18305">102°10’ 59.0”E</geoCoordinate>
— approximate elevation 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B860FF9CFAA3FC65C5C40BBA" box="[1338,1408,960,986]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</quantity>
). The specimen was collected using a harp trap set across a trail near the Institute of Biological Diversity at Bukit Rengit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB860FF9CFCB0FBCFC3E80F6B" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCB0FBCFC3E40CE4" blockId="21.[809,1422,1130,1803]" box="[809,928,1130,1156]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFCB0FBCFC3E40CE4" box="[809,928,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="250E8852B860FF9CFCB0FBCFC3E40CE4" box="[809,928,1130,1156]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCD6FB29C3E80F6B" blockId="21.[809,1422,1130,1803]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="4ADD3CADB860FF9CFCD6FB29C31B0D6D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813262301" collectingDate="2006-08-04" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Texas Tech University 
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFBFFFB29C4DB0CC6" box="[1126,1183,1164,1190]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1bj5-0jrh" name="Texas Tech University, Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TTU</collectionCode>
108417 (tissue and karyotype number TK 152001), adult 
<specimenCount id="ECB3FD79B860FF9CFB6EFB0BC5490CA8" box="[1271,1293,1198,1224]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<date id="8E0B1030B860FF9CFAB9FB0BC32C0C8A" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-04">
<collectingDate id="9E4FE9D8B860FF9CFAB9FB0BC32C0C8A" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-04">4 August 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
), dry skin and skull with slight crack in brain case
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="4ADD3CADB860FF9CFCEAFB56C5CC0E7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813262303" collectingDate="2006-08-06" collectingDateMax="2008-05-17" collectingDateMin="2006-08-06" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" elevation="72" latitude="3.596" location="Both" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.18305" municipality="Texas Tech University" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFCEAFB56C3E80D6D" box="[883,940,1267,1293]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1bj5-0jrh" name="Texas Tech University, Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TTU</collectionCode>
108209 (tissue number TK 152051), adult 
<specimenCount id="ECB3FD79B860FF9CFCE9FAB0C3C20D4F" box="[880,902,1301,1327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<date id="8E0B1030B860FF9CFC02FAB0C4110D4F" box="[923,1109,1301,1327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-06">
<collectingDate id="9E4FE9D8B860FF9CFC02FAB0C4110D4F" box="[923,1109,1301,1327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-06">6 August 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
), dry skin (housed at the 
<collectingCounty id="136B4E7CB860FF9CFCB0FA92C3DA0D31" box="[809,926,1335,1361]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Universiti</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFC3CFA92C43B0D31" box="[933,1151,1335,1361]" name="Malaysia Sarawak" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, but missing) and skull (housed at the 
<collectingMunicipality id="1A6EAC8AB860FF9CFC7BFAFCC4BC0D13" box="[994,1272,1369,1395]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Texas Tech University</collectingMunicipality>
). 
<location id="FF6A602BB860FF9CFA89FAFCC50D0D13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04:FF6A602BB860FF9CFA89FAFCC50D0D13" box="[1296,1353,1369,1395]" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" latitude="3.596" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.18305" municipality="Texas Tech University" name="Both" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Both</location>
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFACDFAFCC5C90D13" box="[1364,1421,1369,1395]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1bj5-0jrh" name="Texas Tech University, Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TTU</collectionCode>
108417 and 
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFC5EFADEC4440DF5" box="[967,1024,1403,1429]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1bj5-0jrh" name="Texas Tech University, Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">TTU</collectionCode>
108209 were captured in 
<location id="FF6A602BB860FF9CFACBFADEC3AB0DD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04:FF6A602BB860FF9CFACBFADEC3AB0DD7" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" latitude="3.596" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.18305" municipality="Texas Tech University" name="Krau Wildlife Reserve" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Krau Wildlife Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B860FF9CFB98FA38C4EE0DD7" box="[1025,1194,1437,1463]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="45.6" value="3.596">03°35’45.6”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B860FF9CFB2EFA38C52C0DD7" box="[1207,1384,1437,1463]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="59.0" value="102.18305">102°10’59.0”E</geoCoordinate>
— 
<elevation id="7198D1C3B860FF9CFCB0FA1AC3990DB9" box="[809,989,1471,1497]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="72.0">
elevation 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B860FF9CFC04FA1AC3990DB9" box="[925,989,1471,1497]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</quantity>
</elevation>
). Specimen TK 152992, adult 
<specimenCount id="ECB3FD79B860FF9CFAD1FA1AC51A0DB9" box="[1352,1374,1471,1497]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<date id="8E0B1030B860FF9CFAF6FA1AC3EF0D9B" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2008-05-17">
<collectingDate id="9E4FE9D8B860FF9CFAF6FA1AC3EF0D9B" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2008-05-17">17 May 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
), dry skin and skull in 
<location id="FF6A602BB860FF9CFB44FA44C3CE0E7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04:FF6A602BB860FF9CFB44FA44C3CE0E7D" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" latitude="3.596" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.18305" municipality="Texas Tech University" name="Department of Wildlife" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Department of Wildlife</location>
and 
<location id="FF6A602BB860FF9CFC41F9A6C4C10E7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04:FF6A602BB860FF9CFC41F9A6C4C10E7D" box="[984,1157,1539,1565]" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" latitude="3.596" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.18305" municipality="Texas Tech University" name="National Park" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">National Park</location>
(
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFB07F9A6C4BF0E7D" box="[1182,1275,1539,1565]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">DWNP</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFA80F9A6C5CC0E7D" box="[1305,1416,1539,1565]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="4ADD3CADB860FF9CFCB0F980C3EC0F6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813262304" collectingDate="2008-05-20" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" elevation="85" latitude="4.27135" location="Kuala Atok" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.37193" municipality="Both" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pahang" typeStatus="paratype">
specimen TK 153519, adult 
<specimenCount id="ECB3FD79B860FF9CFBEFF980C4C80E5F" box="[1142,1164,1573,1599]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<date id="8E0B1030B860FF9CFB05F980C57A0E5F" box="[1180,1342,1573,1599]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2008-05-20">
<collectingDate id="9E4FE9D8B860FF9CFB05F980C57A0E5F" box="[1180,1342,1573,1599]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" value="2008-05-20">20 May 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
), alcohol preserved specimen at 
<collectingCounty id="136B4E7CB860FF9CFBF9F9E2C4910E01" box="[1120,1237,1607,1633]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Universiti</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFB44F9E2C31A0EE3" name="Malaysia Sarawak" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia Sarawak</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="1A6EAC8AB860FF9CFCF7F9CCC3E30EE3" box="[878,935,1641,1667]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Both</collectingMunicipality>
TK152992 and 153519 were collected by 
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFCC1F92EC3E20EC5" box="[856,934,1675,1701]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">FAAK</collectionCode>
during 
<collectionCode id="9CA4AE35B860FF9CFB8EF92EC4280EC5" box="[1047,1132,1675,1701]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">DWNP</collectionCode>
biodiversity inventory at 
<location id="FF6A602BB860FF9CFCCFF908C3B70EA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:721C87E6B860FF9EFF55FADDC54B0C04:FF6A602BB860FF9CFCCFF908C3B70EA7" box="[854,1011,1709,1735]" country="Malaysia Sarawak" county="Universiti" latitude="4.27135" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.37193" municipality="Both" name="Kuala Atok" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Pahang">Kuala Atok</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="3871F812B860FF9CFB96F908C4280EA7" box="[1039,1132,1709,1735]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B860FF9CFA87F908C5CA0EA7" box="[1310,1422,1709,1735]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B860FF9CFCA8F96AC38F0E89" box="[817,971,1743,1769]" degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="16.281" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" precision="1" value="4.27135">04°16.281’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B860FF9CFC4CF96AC43D0E89" box="[981,1145,1743,1769]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="22.316" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" precision="1" value="102.37193">102°22.316’E</geoCoordinate>
— approximate 
<elevation id="7198D1C3B860FF9CFADCF96AC3DB0F6B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="85.0">
elevation 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B860FF9CFCC6F954C3DB0F6B" box="[863,927,1777,1803]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
</elevation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB860FF9FFCB0F890C1650A8C" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9CFCB0F890C3AB0F2F" blockId="21.[809,1422,1845,1973]" box="[809,1007,1845,1871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFCB0F890C3AB0F2F" box="[809,1007,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B860FF9FFCD6F8F2C1650A8C" blockId="21.[809,1422,1845,1973]" lastBlockId="22.[151,764,178,748]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">
All specimens previously referred to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFABCF8F2C4DC0FF3" authority="(Douangboubpha et al., 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Douangboubpha" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrox">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFABCF8F2C5C90F11" box="[1317,1421,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">H. atrox</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B860FF9CFCA8F8DCC4CB0FF3" author="Douangboubpha" box="[817,1167,1913,1939]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Douangboubpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" pagination="415 - 2438" refId="ref20201" refString="DOUANGBOUBPHA, B., S. BUMRUNGSRI, P. SOISOOK, C. SATA- SOOK, N. M. THOMAS, and P. J. J. BATES. 2010. A taxonomic review of the Hipposideros bicolor species complex and H. pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica, 12: 415 - 2438." type="journal article" year="2010">
Douangboubpha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFB98F8DCC47D0FF3" box="[1025,1081,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2010
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFB43F8DCC51C0FF3" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1242,1368,1913,1939]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFB43F8DCC51C0FF3" box="[1242,1368,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-142 are here referred to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B860FF9CFB95F83EC4290FD5" authority="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell, 2018" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1036,1133,1947,1973]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B860FF9CFB95F83EC4290FD5" box="[1036,1133,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="21">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D3F25799B860FF9CFBEAF83EC4880FD5" box="[1139,1228,1947,1973]" pageId="21" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Based on length of forearm, 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFEB1FF17C1EB08AC" author="Hill" box="[296,431,178,204]" firstAuthor="Hill" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref20595" refString="HILL, J. E. 1963. A revision of the genus Hipposideros. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 11: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1963">Hill (1963)</bibRefCitation>
likely included both 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFD2DFF17C091088E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFD2DFF17C091088E" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE89FF71C136088E" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[272,370,212,238]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE89FF71C136088E" box="[272,370,212,238]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE02FF71C21E088E" box="[411,602,212,238]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bicolor" subSpecies="atrox">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE02FF71C21E088E" box="[411,602,212,238]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor atrox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the majority of these individuals are probably 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFD0EFF53C2B80970" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[663,764,246,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFD0EFF53C2B80970" box="[663,764,246,272]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on length of forearm (p. 29, 
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFDA3FEBDC2C70952" box="[570,643,280,306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[151,164,1013,1034]" captionTargetBox="[172,737,185,983]" captionTargetId="graphics@8.[172,738,186,983]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Results of the statistical parsimony analysis for H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142) recovered two groups, separated by the dashed line (15 steps). Solid lines represent one base pair change. Haplotypes Z and Y are from southern Thailand, haplotypes S, T, U, V, W, and X represent the Perlis group, and all other haplotypes are part of the Malay group. Haplotype A was determined to be the most basal in this analysis" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944855/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). We cautiously assign the individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFDABFE9FC2B80934" box="[562,764,314,340]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bicolor" subSpecies="atrox">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFDABFE9FC2B80934" box="[562,764,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor atrox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from both 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFE8BFEF9C1920916" author="Hill" box="[274,470,348,374]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hill" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref20628" refString="HILL, J. E., A. ZUBAID, and G. W. H. DAVISON. 1986. The taxonomy of leaf-nosed bats of the Hipposideros bicolor groups (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from southeastern Asia. Mammalia, 50: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1986">
Hill 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFEDEFEF9C13E0916" box="[327,378,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. (1986)
</bibRefCitation>
and Zubaid and Davison (1987) to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE95FEDBC12A09F8" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[268,366,382,408]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE95FEDBC12A09F8" box="[268,366,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is unclear where the bats were collected, but it is suggested they were captured in Northern peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B863FF9FFE13FE67C1BD09BC" box="[394,505,450,476]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, which would suggest that they are indeed 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE08FE41C1B2099E" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[401,502,484,510]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE08FE41C1B2099E" box="[401,502,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In his description of the new species 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFEE8FDA3C0A20A22" authority=", Andersen (1918)" authorityName=", Andersen" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gentilis">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFEE8FDA3C2310A40" box="[369,629,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Hipposideros gentilis</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFD12FDA3C0A20A22" author="Andersen" firstAuthor="Andersen" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="374 - 384" refId="ref19759" refString="ANDERSEN, K. 1918. Diagnoses of new bats of the families Rhinolophidae and Megadermatidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 2: 374 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Andersen (1918)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
described the new subspecies 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFDCEFD8DC29E0A22" box="[599,730,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
H. g. 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFD04FD8DC29E0A22" box="[669,730,552,578]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrox">atrox</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
as having a wide range of forearm lengths that span both 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFF4DFDC9C10B0AE6" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[212,335,620,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFF4DFDC9C10B0AE6" box="[212,335,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE12FDC9C1AB0AE6" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[395,495,620,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE12FDC9C1AB0AE6" box="[395,495,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
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(
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFD3FFDC9C10E0AC8" author="Andersen" firstAuthor="Andersen" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="374 - 384" refId="ref19759" refString="ANDERSEN, K. 1918. Diagnoses of new bats of the families Rhinolophidae and Megadermatidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 2: 374 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Andersen, 1918: 380</bibRefCitation>
). Thus he likely measured both individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE8BFD15C1CE0AAA" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[274,394,688,714]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE8BFD15C1CE0AAA" box="[274,394,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFE5BFD15C2600AAA" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[450,548,688,714]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFE5BFD15C2600AAA" box="[450,548,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the subspecies description.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB863FF9FFF0EFCB3C3980A04" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFF0EFCB3C1660B50" blockId="22.[151,764,790,1973]" box="[151,290,790,816]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFF0EFCB3C1660B50" box="[151,290,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFF24FC9DC2140EE3" blockId="22.[151,764,790,1973]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
This is a small to medium-sized hipposiderid bat in the 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFF7AFCFFC11A0B14" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[227,350,858,884]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFF7AFCFFC11A0B14" box="[227,350,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group with a forearm length ranging from 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFE9FFCD9C18E0BF6" box="[262,458,892,918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.22" metricValueMax="4.56" metricValueMin="3.88" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="42.2" valueMax="45.6" valueMin="38.8">38.8 to 45.6 mm</quantity>
(mean = 
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± 0.9), tibia length of 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFEDCFC3BC24D0BD8" box="[325,521,926,952]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.885" metricValueMax="2.06" metricValueMin="1.71" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="18.85" valueMax="20.6" valueMin="17.1">17.1 to 20.6 mm</quantity>
(mean = 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFDE3FC3BC2A00BD8" box="[634,740,926,952]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="18.8">18.8 mm</quantity>
± 0.5), and mass varying from 6.0 to 12.0 g (mean = 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFF0EFC47C0930B9C" box="[151,215,994,1020]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="g" value="8.5">8.5 g</quantity>
± 0.9 — 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFEC1FC47C1F20B9C" box="[344,438,994,1020]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The dorsal pelage varies from medium or dark brown to bright orange, but is always bicolored with a white base. The ventral pelage ranges from buff or golden, to bright orange (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFF39FBCFC0AB0CE4" box="[160,239,1130,1156]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[151,164,1020,1041]" captionTargetBox="[257,1315,174,999]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[244,1331,173,1000]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 9. Photographs of H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142; A, D, and E) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; B and F), demonstrating overall similarity in appearance, variations in coat color, and differences in nose coloration (insets). Hipposideros cineraceus-B (C) is closely related to H. kunzi genetically, but is easily distinguished based on nose morphology and body size. Photographs are not to scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944865/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). The wing and tail membranes are dark brown, as are the ears. The ears are large (mean = 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFF0EFB0BC1450CA8" box="[151,257,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="17.6">17.6 mm</quantity>
± 0.6) and rounded with a bluntly pointed tip. The noseleaf lacks supplementary lateral leaflets and has an internarial septum that is generally triangular in shape (wider at the base — 
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFDA3FAB0C2C40D4F" box="[570,640,1301,1327]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[151,164,1020,1041]" captionTargetBox="[257,1315,174,999]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[244,1331,173,1000]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 9. Photographs of H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142; A, D, and E) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; B and F), demonstrating overall similarity in appearance, variations in coat color, and differences in nose coloration (insets). Hipposideros cineraceus-B (C) is closely related to H. kunzi genetically, but is easily distinguished based on nose morphology and body size. Photographs are not to scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944865/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). The posterior and anterior portions of the nose are dark brown-grey in color, while the central part of the noseleaf is more flesh colored. The tail is long (mean = 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFF67FA38C1220DD7" box="[254,358,1437,1463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="28.7">28.7 mm</quantity>
± 1.8), extending the full length of the uropatagium. The fifth metacarpal is about 74% of forearm length and the first phalanx of the third digit is about 53% of third metacarpal. Echolocation call frequency of the CF component ranges from 133.2 to 147.5 kHz, with a mean call frequency of 143.1 ± 2.0 kHz (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFEF1F9CCC1EA0EE3" box="[360,430,1641,1667]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[809,822,1809,1830]" captionTargetBox="[810,1421,1188,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[884,1413,1193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 5. Distribution of echolocation call frequencies and lengths of forearm for all H. bicolor captured in peninsular Malaysia for which echolocation call data were available. H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; open squares), H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor- 142; crosses), and unidentified individuals with intermediate call frequency (solid circles) were included" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944857/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
and 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFE71F9CCC2060EE3" box="[488,578,1641,1667]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFF24F92EC3980A04" blockId="22.[151,764,790,1973]" lastBlockId="22.[809,1422,177,612]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFF24F92EC1EC0EC5" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[189,424,1675,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFF24F92EC1EC0EC5" box="[189,424,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Hipposideros kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a small and elongate skull with the greatest length of skull (GSL) ranging from 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFF4EF96AC1F10E89" box="[215,437,1743,1769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.841" metricValueMax="1.9129999999999998" metricValueMin="1.769" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="18.41" valueMax="19.13" valueMin="17.69">17.69 to 19.13 mm</quantity>
(mean = 18.31 ± 
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). The skull is slightly wider across the zygomata (mean = 9.2 ± 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFEDAF8B6C1DB0F4D" box="[323,415,1811,1837]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
) compared to across the mastoids (mean = 9.2 ± 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFE12F890C1A20F2F" box="[395,486,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
— 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFD8DF890C22A0F2F" box="[532,622,1845,1871]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[99,112,554,575]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[97,1967,553,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 3. The means (in mm) ± SD, and ranges (in parentheses) for 22 skull variables (see Materials and Methods for descriptions) were compared between H. kunzi (=H. bicolor-142) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; including both KWR and Borneo individuals) using GLM analysis: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. The separate means for the two populations of H. bicolor (KWR and Borneo) are also shown. The measurements for the holotype and the paratypes for H. kunzi are included for comparison" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17">Table 3</tableCitation>
). The distal process of the jugal bone is low and not well defined (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFF39F8DCC0AA0FF3" box="[160,238,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[151,164,1143,1164]" captionTargetBox="[231,1326,174,1117]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[186,1397,173,1117]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 6. Skull photographs taken at the same magnification: A — H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142) and B — H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944859/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). The rostrum is well developed with six nasal inflations. The sagittal crest is well developed and is taller more anteriorly. The constriction behind the orbits is well defined and narrower than the rostrum. The upper toothrow is shorter (CM 
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mean = 6.3 ± 
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) than the lower (CM 
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mean = 6.8 ± 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFCB0FE9FC3C80934" box="[809,908,314,340]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
). The upper incisor is small and both the upper and lower canines are of moderate size. The upper premolar (P 
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) is minute and extruded from the toothrow, while the lower premolar (P 
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) is about half the height of the second premolar (P 
<subScript id="663134B5B863FF9FFB47FE75C4AC0982" attach="left" box="[1246,1256,464,482]" fontSize="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">4</subScript>
). The species is sexually dimorphic with respect to magnitude of certain skull measurements: despite being smaller than females, males have longer and taller skulls and longer canines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB863FF9EFCB0FD2BC29B088E" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFCB0FD2BC4FC0AC8" blockId="22.[809,1422,654,1973]" box="[809,1208,654,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCB0FD2BC4FC0AC8" box="[809,1208,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Comparisons with similar species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFCD6FD15C5230D4F" blockId="22.[809,1422,654,1973]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFCD6FD15C47C0AAA" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[847,1080,688,714]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCD6FD15C47C0AAA" box="[847,1080,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Hipposideros kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of several 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFABFFD15C32D0A8C" authorityName=", Hill" authorityYear="1963" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFABFFD15C32D0A8C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Hipposideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species described from the Indo-Malayan region, which superficially resemble 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB40FD51C5130B6E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1241,1367,756,782]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB40FD51C5130B6E" box="[1241,1367,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and lack supplementary leaflets adjacent to the noseleaf. In peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B863FF9FFC7DFC9DC4160B32" box="[996,1106,824,850]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and southern 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B863FF9FFA82FC9DC5CD0B32" box="[1307,1417,824,850]" name="Thailand" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFCB0FCFFC3C90B14" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[809,909,858,884]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCB0FCFFC3C90B14" box="[809,909,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles, and is easily confused with, both 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC61FCD9C4300BF6" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1016,1140,892,918]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC61FCD9C4300BF6" box="[1016,1140,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB2AFCD9C57D0BF6" box="[1203,1337,892,918]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB2AFCD9C57D0BF6" box="[1203,1337,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Compared to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC08FC3BC44E0BD8" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[913,1034,926,952]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC08FC3BC44E0BD8" box="[913,1034,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB80FC3BC4380BD8" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1049,1148,926,952]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB80FC3BC4380BD8" box="[1049,1148,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a higher echolocation call frequency (
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFB8CFC65C4350BBA" box="[1045,1137,960,986]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
), is generally smaller in body size (
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFC3FFC47C4440B9C" box="[934,1024,994,1020]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
), and has a shorter but wider skull (
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFCA8FBA1C3CE0C7E" box="[817,906,1028,1054]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[99,112,554,575]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[97,1967,553,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 3. The means (in mm) ± SD, and ranges (in parentheses) for 22 skull variables (see Materials and Methods for descriptions) were compared between H. kunzi (=H. bicolor-142) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; including both KWR and Borneo individuals) using GLM analysis: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. The separate means for the two populations of H. bicolor (KWR and Borneo) are also shown. The measurements for the holotype and the paratypes for H. kunzi are included for comparison" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B879FF85FFFAFD8FC74F0A17">Table 3</tableCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFC5DFBA1C44F0C7E" box="[964,1035,1028,1054]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[151,164,1020,1041]" captionTargetBox="[257,1315,174,999]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[244,1331,173,1000]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 9. Photographs of H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142; A, D, and E) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; B and F), demonstrating overall similarity in appearance, variations in coat color, and differences in nose coloration (insets). Hipposideros cineraceus-B (C) is closely related to H. kunzi genetically, but is easily distinguished based on nose morphology and body size. Photographs are not to scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944865/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). In addition, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB29FBA1C5570C7E" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1200,1299,1028,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB29FBA1C5570C7E" box="[1200,1299,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a narrower anterior noseleaf (
<typeStatus id="250E8852B863FF9FFBD2FB83C4FA0C20" box="[1099,1214,1062,1088]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFB53FB83C5720C20" box="[1226,1334,1062,1088]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.66" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="4.66">4.66 mm</quantity>
) that is slightly curved upwards compared to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFA9FFBEDC5C20C02" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1286,1414,1096,1122]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFA9FFBEDC5C20C02" box="[1286,1414,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has a wider anterior noseleaf (
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFB41FBCFC5CD0CE4" box="[1240,1417,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.46" metricValueMin="4.94" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.2" valueMax="5.46" valueMin="4.94">4.94−5.46 mm</quantity>
, 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCB0FB29C37C0CC6" box="[809,824,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">n</emphasis>
= 5) that is flattened and square in appearance (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFCA8FB0BC46F0CA8" author="Kingston" box="[817,1067,1198,1224]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kingston" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" refId="ref21080" refString="KINGSTON, T., B. L. LIM, and A. ZUBAID. 2006. Bats of Krau Wildlife Reserve. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Penerbit UKM, Bangi, 145 pp." type="book" year="2006">
Kingston 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC3DFB0BC3930CA8" box="[932,983,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
), lighter in color, and has rudimentary supplementary lateral leaflets (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFB66FB75C50D0C8A" box="[1279,1353,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[151,164,1020,1041]" captionTargetBox="[257,1315,174,999]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[244,1331,173,1000]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 9. Photographs of H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142; A, D, and E) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; B and F), demonstrating overall similarity in appearance, variations in coat color, and differences in nose coloration (insets). Hipposideros cineraceus-B (C) is closely related to H. kunzi genetically, but is easily distinguished based on nose morphology and body size. Photographs are not to scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944865/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). The noseleaf characters, however, are only useful if both species are available for comparison in the field.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9FFCD6FA92C3E80F6B" blockId="22.[809,1422,654,1973]" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
Based on appearance (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFBF9FA92C5100D31" author="Murray" box="[1120,1364,1335,1361]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murray" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="597 - 611" refId="ref21387" refString="MURRAY, S. W., P. CAMPBELL, T. KINGSTON, A. ZUBAID, C. M. FRANCIS, and T. H. KUNZ. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of hipposiderid bats from Southeast Asia and evidence of cryptic diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62: 597 - 611." type="journal article" year="2012">
Murray 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB5CFA92C4B80D31" box="[1221,1276,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
: figure S1), echolocation call frequency (
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB64FAFCC5C10D13" box="[1277,1413,1369,1395]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB64FAFCC5C10D13" box="[1277,1413,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 136.4 –139.4 kHz, 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB88FADEC4640DF5" box="[1041,1056,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">n</emphasis>
= 3), overall size (
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFA91FADEC5CA0DF5" box="[1288,1422,1403,1429]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFA91FADEC5CA0DF5" box="[1288,1422,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
length of forearm: 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFB92FA38C4FE0DD7" box="[1035,1210,1437,1463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.375" metricValueMax="4.4799999999999995" metricValueMin="4.27" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="43.75" valueMax="44.8" valueMin="42.7">42.7–44.8 mm</quantity>
, 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB5EFA38C4920DD7" box="[1223,1238,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">n</emphasis>
= 3), and skull size and shape (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFC7EFA1AC4750DB9" box="[999,1073,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[99,112,1474,1495]" captionTargetBox="[248,1777,444,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[193,1803,422,1460]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. Results of a stepwise DFA using 19 skull characters: A — The six different species from peninsular Malaysia were best separated with the first two functions: H. bicolor (|; = H. bicolor-131), H. kunzi sp. nov. (■ = H. bicolor-142), H. pomona (•), H. cineraceus-A (), H. cineraceus-B (£), and H. halophyllus (r). Included is a paratype (TTU 108209) for H. kunzi sp. nov. (X = H. bicolor-142); B — The following ◒ specimens were entered into the resultant DFA to determine if they were conspecific with either H. bicolor or H. kunzi: H bicolor lectotype (6), H. pomona gentilis type (), H. bicolor major type (n), type series of H. javanicus (Ü), H. bicolor erigens paratypes (s), H. bicolor erigens type (q), H. ater amboinensis type (È), and H. halophyllus individual from Thailand (p); C — One or two of the eight skull characters that best separated the six species from Malaysia were removed and the DFA was rerun to incorporated type specimens with incomplete skulls. GSL was removed to include the type specimen of H. macrobullatus (Ο) and the H. pomona type (); D — The type specimen for H. bicolor atrox (u) was missing the dentary, so DL, M1M3, and CDH were removed from the analysis; E — IOW, RW, and M1M3 were removed to include H. bicolor from the Philippines (►) and additional H. bicolor (= H. bicolor-131) from Sarawak (); F — The type specimen for H. pomona sinensis (Ì) was more damaged than any of the other skulls, so a separate stepwise DFA was performed only including available skull characters. Four characters were retained: RW, M3M3, DL, and M M 1 3" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944861/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), it is very difficult to distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFCE8FA44C3970D9B" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[881,979,1505,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCE8FA44C3970D9B" box="[881,979,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFB84FA44C4E50D9B" box="[1053,1185,1505,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB84FA44C4E50D9B" box="[1053,1185,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The main morphological difference between these species is ear height, with 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC5CF980C4090E5F" box="[965,1101,1573,1599]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC5CF980C4090E5F" box="[965,1101,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having a much larger ear compared to 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC5AF9E2C4620E01" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[963,1062,1607,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC5AF9E2C4620E01" box="[963,1062,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 20.0– 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFBE0F9E2C4A50E01" box="[1145,1249,1607,1633]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB6AF9E2C5460E01" box="[1267,1282,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">n</emphasis>
= 3) versus 15.0– 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFCF5F9CCC39C0EE3" box="[876,984,1641,1667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="19.5">19.5 mm</quantity>
(mean = 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B863FF9FFBCDF9CCC4850EE3" box="[1108,1217,1641,1667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="17.6">17.6 mm</quantity>
— 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB863FF9FFB6CF9CCC5160EE3" box="[1269,1362,1641,1667]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
), respectively. 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC20F92EC48D0EC5" box="[953,1225,1675,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC20F92EC48D0EC5" box="[953,1225,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Hipposideros pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFA81F92EC5C20EC5" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1304,1414,1675,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFA81F92EC5C20EC5" box="[1304,1414,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, are not closely related based on both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFB09F96AC5CC0E89" author="Murray" box="[1168,1416,1743,1769]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murray" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="597 - 611" refId="ref21387" refString="MURRAY, S. W., P. CAMPBELL, T. KINGSTON, A. ZUBAID, C. M. FRANCIS, and T. H. KUNZ. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of hipposiderid bats from Southeast Asia and evidence of cryptic diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62: 597 - 611." type="journal article" year="2012">
Murray 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFB6EF96AC56B0E89" box="[1271,1327,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
; this study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B863FF9EFCD6F8B6C29B088E" blockId="22.[809,1422,654,1973]" lastBlockId="23.[151,763,178,238]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">
Despite being sister taxa (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B863FF9FFB1AF8B6C4880F4D" box="[1155,1228,1811,1837]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[151,164,1588,1609]" captionTargetBox="[249,1322,177,1561]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1422,173,1568]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Phylogram generated from a Bayesian analysis using the GTR+G+I model of nucleotide evolution. Branch lengths are proportional to the number of substitutions as indicated by the scale bar. Tip labels for the different species of H. bicolor include the capture site (Fig. 1) followed by the haplotype (Figs. 3 and 4). Posterior probabilities (pp) are next to the nodes" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944851/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), having similar appearance, and overlapping in echolocation call frequencies (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B863FF9FFC5DF8F2C48A0F11" author="Kingston" box="[964,1230,1879,1905]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kingston" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" pagination="332 - 342" refId="ref20981" refString="KINGSTON, T., G. JONES, A. ZUBAID, and T. H. KUNZ. 2000. Resource partitioning in rhinolophoid bats revisited. Oecologia, 124: 332 - 342." type="journal article" year="2000">
Kingston 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFBA4F8F2C4310F11" box="[1085,1141,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
., 2000
</bibRefCitation>
), individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFCB0F8DCC3D00FF3" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[809,916,1913,1939]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFCB0F8DCC3D00FF3" box="[809,916,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFC46F8DCC4CF0FF3" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1853" box="[991,1163,1913,1939]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cineraceus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFC46F8DCC4CF0FF3" box="[991,1163,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. cineraceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-B are easily distinguished using body size (
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B863FF9FFBEFF83EC4A40FD5" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1142,1248,1947,1973]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B863FF9FFBEFF83EC4A40FD5" box="[1142,1248,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="22">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being larger; 
<tableCitation id="B737034BB862FF9EFF0EFF17C0AB08AC" box="[151,239,178,204]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[151,164,177,198]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values for external and wing morphology with standard deviation and sample size (in parentheses) for H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131) and H. kunzi (H. bicolor-142) captured in peninsular Malaysia (not including bats from Taiping and Kuala Atok). Ranges are also presented for external morphology and echolocation. Values for H. cineraceus-B are included for comparison because of this lineage’s close phylogenetic relationship with H. kunzi, but were not included in statistical analyses. The results of univariate GLM analyses for an effect of species on external measurements and echolocation call frequency with phonic type split by sex are given: * — P &lt;0.05, ** — P &lt;0.01, and *** — P &lt;0.001. For the wing morphology data, the results of a GLM analysis with the sexes pooled, species as a fixed factor and length of forearm as a covariate are also shown. Differences between males and females within each phonic type were evaluated using t-tests; α = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" tableUuid="AECA6678B87CFF80FF0EFF14C41309EC">Table 2</tableCitation>
) and nose morphology: 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFD94FF17C2F408AC" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1853" box="[525,688,178,204]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cineraceus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFD94FF17C2F408AC" box="[525,688,178,204]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. cineraceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-B has a small swelling in its internarial septum (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B862FF9EFD11FF71C295088E" box="[648,721,212,238]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[151,164,1020,1041]" captionTargetBox="[257,1315,174,999]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[244,1331,173,1000]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 9. Photographs of H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142; A, D, and E) and H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131; B and F), demonstrating overall similarity in appearance, variations in coat color, and differences in nose coloration (insets). Hipposideros cineraceus-B (C) is closely related to H. kunzi genetically, but is easily distinguished based on nose morphology and body size. Photographs are not to scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944865/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB862FF9EFF0EFEBDC0B80AE6" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFF0EFEBDC1720952" blockId="23.[151,764,280,646]" box="[151,310,280,306]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF0EFEBDC1720952" box="[151,310,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Reproduction</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFF24FE9FC0B80AE6" blockId="23.[151,764,280,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
In both 
<date id="8E0B1030B862FF9EFEB9FE9FC1920934" box="[288,470,314,340]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" value="2003" valueMax="2004">
2003 and 
<quantity id="3D4D9B15B862FF9EFE02FE9FC1920934" box="[411,470,314,340]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
</date>
in peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFD10FE9FC2BC0934" box="[649,760,314,340]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, palpably pregnant females were captured in February and March, and lactating individuals were captured from April through September. Similarly, Nurul-Ain 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFE87FE67C11209BC" box="[286,342,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2017) found females from Krau Wildlife Reserve and Samad Cave (ca. 10 Km from Krau) to be seasonally monestrous, with a peak in pregnancy in March, and lactation in June, although lactating females were captured from April through October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2AF657BB862FF9EFF0EFD15C54B0C04" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFF0EFD15C09F0A8C" blockId="23.[151,764,688,1973]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF0EFD15C1630AAA" box="[151,295,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Distribution</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFED8FD15C24F0AAA" box="[321,523,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">ecological notes</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFDBCFD15C09F0A8C" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">and conservation status</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFF24FD51C23C0EA7" blockId="23.[151,764,688,1973]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
Currently, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFEA3FD51C1DF0B6E" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[314,411,756,782]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFEA3FD51C1DF0B6E" box="[314,411,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been documented on the Malay Peninsula, between 
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B862FF9EFD9AFCB3C21D0B50" box="[515,601,790,816]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="3.2">3°12’N</geoCoordinate>
in peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFF0EFC9DC1470B32" box="[151,259,824,850]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B862FF9EFE8DFC9DC11F0B32" box="[276,347,824,850]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[151,164,1782,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1418,1002,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1422,998,1762]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. Sampling localities in peninsular Malaysia (sites 1–10 and 12–13), Thailand (site 11) and Borneo (sites 14–17): 1, Pahang: Kuantan; 2, Pahang: Kota Gelanggi; 3, Pahang: Kuala Atok; 4, Pahang: Krau Wildlife Reserve; 5, Pahang: Kuala Lipis; 6, Kelantan: Gua Musang; 7, Kelantan: Dabong; 8, Perak: Ipoh; 9, Perak: Taiping; 10, Perlis: Perlis State Park; 11a, Krabi: Ao Luk; 11b, Krabi: Ao Nang; 12, Selangor: Ampang Reservoir; 13, Perak: Lenggong; 14, Sabah: Gomantong; 15, Sarawak: Ulu Kakas; 16a, Sarawak: Bako National Park; 16b, Sarawak: Bau; and 17, East Kalimantan. Circle color indicates capture sites for the two phonic types of Hipposideros bicolor: black, only H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131), open, only H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142), grey both species. The map was created using www.planiglobe.com" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944849/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
, site 12) and the Isthmus of Kra at 
<geoCoordinate id="9F815037B862FF9EFF0EFCFFC0B90B14" box="[151,253,858,884]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="10.683333">10°41’N</geoCoordinate>
in Southern 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFE0EFCFFC1BB0B14" box="[407,511,858,884]" name="Thailand" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(this study; 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFD0CFCFFC1D20BF6" author="Douangboubpha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Douangboubpha" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="415 - 2438" refId="ref20201" refString="DOUANGBOUBPHA, B., S. BUMRUNGSRI, P. SOISOOK, C. SATA- SOOK, N. M. THOMAS, and P. J. J. BATES. 2010. A taxonomic review of the Hipposideros bicolor species complex and H. pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica, 12: 415 - 2438." type="journal article" year="2010">
Douangboubpha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFE9FFCD9C1790BF6" box="[262,317,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). Despite extensive sampling, Douangboubpha and colleagues did not capture 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFF0EFC65C0BC0BBA" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,248,960,986]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF0EFC65C0BC0BBA" box="[151,248,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Central or Northern 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFD91FC65C2370BBA" box="[520,627,960,986]" name="Thailand" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, suggesting that the northern limit of this species’ range is restricted to the Sundaic biogeographical region, as delimited by the Isthmus of Kra (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFDA1FB83C16C0C02" author="Douangboubpha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Douangboubpha" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="415 - 2438" refId="ref20201" refString="DOUANGBOUBPHA, B., S. BUMRUNGSRI, P. SOISOOK, C. SATA- SOOK, N. M. THOMAS, and P. J. J. BATES. 2010. A taxonomic review of the Hipposideros bicolor species complex and H. pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica, 12: 415 - 2438." type="journal article" year="2010">
Douangboubpha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF0EFBEDC08A0C02" box="[151,206,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). While we did not sample bats in the southern tip of peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFE4BFBCFC2050CE4" box="[466,577,1130,1156]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, we expect that 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFF0EFB29C1470CC6" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,259,1164,1190]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF0EFB29C1470CC6" box="[151,259,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should occur throughout the peninsula where suitable habitat exists. 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFE67FB0BC2940CA8" author="Lim" box="[510,720,1198,1224]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lim" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="111 - 121" refId="ref21302" refString="LIM, L. - S., A. MOHD- ADNAN, A. ZUBAID, M. J. STRUEBIG, and S. J. ROSSITER. 2014. Diversity of Malaysian insectivorous bat assemblages revisited. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 30: 111 - 121." type="journal article" year="2014">
Lim 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFDA3FB0BC2340CA8" box="[570,624,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
reported a positive correlation between the abundance of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFF23FB56C15B0D6D" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[186,287,1267,1293]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF23FB56C15B0D6D" box="[186,287,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFECFFB56C1960D6D" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[342,466,1267,1293]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFECFFB56C1960D6D" box="[342,466,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-142) and latitude across 15 forest sites in peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFE68FAB0C2240D4F" box="[497,608,1301,1327]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, with few or no captures at sites in the southern third of the Peninsula (which may be attributable to the lack of karst). In 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFE92FADEC1C10DF5" box="[267,389,1403,1429]" name="Singapore" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFE08FADEC24F0DF5" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[401,523,1403,1429]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFE08FADEC24F0DF5" box="[401,523,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFDAFFADEC2DD0DF5" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[566,665,1403,1429]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFDAFFADEC2DD0DF5" box="[566,665,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is considered locally extinct due to habitat loss (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFD0FFA38C14D0DB9" author="Pottie" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pottie" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="237 - 247" refId="ref21640" refString="POTTIE, S., D. J. W. LANE, T. KINGSTON, and B. P. Y. - H. LEE. 2005. The microchiropteran bat fauna of Singapore. Acta Chiropterologica, 7: 237 - 247." type="journal article" year="2005">
Pottie 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFD7FFA38C0EA0DB9" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2005
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFEB8FA1AC2CE0DB9" author="Douangboubpha" box="[289,650,1471,1497]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Douangboubpha" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="415 - 2438" refId="ref20201" refString="DOUANGBOUBPHA, B., S. BUMRUNGSRI, P. SOISOOK, C. SATA- SOOK, N. M. THOMAS, and P. J. J. BATES. 2010. A taxonomic review of the Hipposideros bicolor species complex and H. pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica, 12: 415 - 2438." type="journal article" year="2010">
Douangboubpha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFE69FA1AC26C0DB9" box="[496,552,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2010)
</bibRefCitation>
included Sumatra in the distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFE65FA44C2190D9B" box="[508,605,1505,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrox">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFE65FA44C2190D9B" box="[508,605,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. atrox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFD11FA44C2AE0D9B" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[648,746,1505,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFD11FA44C2AE0D9B" box="[648,746,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but because of the high level of cryptic diversity within this group it is impossible to determine whether individuals from Sumatra are conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFF4BF9CCC1700EE3" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[210,308,1641,1667]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFF4BF9CCC1700EE3" box="[210,308,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without genetic data. Based on limited sampling in Borneo (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B862FF9EFE05F92EC1A00EC5" box="[412,484,1675,1701]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[151,164,1782,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1418,1002,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1422,998,1762]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. Sampling localities in peninsular Malaysia (sites 1–10 and 12–13), Thailand (site 11) and Borneo (sites 14–17): 1, Pahang: Kuantan; 2, Pahang: Kota Gelanggi; 3, Pahang: Kuala Atok; 4, Pahang: Krau Wildlife Reserve; 5, Pahang: Kuala Lipis; 6, Kelantan: Gua Musang; 7, Kelantan: Dabong; 8, Perak: Ipoh; 9, Perak: Taiping; 10, Perlis: Perlis State Park; 11a, Krabi: Ao Luk; 11b, Krabi: Ao Nang; 12, Selangor: Ampang Reservoir; 13, Perak: Lenggong; 14, Sabah: Gomantong; 15, Sarawak: Ulu Kakas; 16a, Sarawak: Bako National Park; 16b, Sarawak: Bau; and 17, East Kalimantan. Circle color indicates capture sites for the two phonic types of Hipposideros bicolor: black, only H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131), open, only H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142), grey both species. The map was created using www.planiglobe.com" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944849/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), there is currently no evidence that 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFEA5F908C1DA0EA7" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[316,414,1709,1735]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFEA5F908C1DA0EA7" box="[316,414,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in Borneo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFF24F96AC5400B51" blockId="23.[151,764,688,1973]" lastBlockId="23.[809,1422,178,1124]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
In peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFEFFF96AC1910E89" box="[358,469,1743,1769]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFD0FF96AC2B80E89" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[662,764,1743,1769]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFD0FF96AC2B80E89" box="[662,764,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were captured at all sampling sites (
<figureCitation id="628E2A75B862FF9EFDA2F954C23B0F6B" box="[571,639,1777,1803]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[151,164,1782,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1418,1002,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1422,998,1762]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. Sampling localities in peninsular Malaysia (sites 1–10 and 12–13), Thailand (site 11) and Borneo (sites 14–17): 1, Pahang: Kuantan; 2, Pahang: Kota Gelanggi; 3, Pahang: Kuala Atok; 4, Pahang: Krau Wildlife Reserve; 5, Pahang: Kuala Lipis; 6, Kelantan: Gua Musang; 7, Kelantan: Dabong; 8, Perak: Ipoh; 9, Perak: Taiping; 10, Perlis: Perlis State Park; 11a, Krabi: Ao Luk; 11b, Krabi: Ao Nang; 12, Selangor: Ampang Reservoir; 13, Perak: Lenggong; 14, Sabah: Gomantong; 15, Sarawak: Ulu Kakas; 16a, Sarawak: Bako National Park; 16b, Sarawak: Bau; and 17, East Kalimantan. Circle color indicates capture sites for the two phonic types of Hipposideros bicolor: black, only H. bicolor (=H. bicolor-131), open, only H. kunzi sp. nov. (=H. bicolor-142), grey both species. The map was created using www.planiglobe.com" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944849/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) and were relatively common and widespread in karst regions, but were also common in some non-karst areas (e.g., Krau Wildlife Reserve). Colonies ranged in size from a few individuals to several hundred and were found in caves, mines, and rock crevices. Colonies of 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFCD1FF17C3ED08AC" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[840,937,178,204]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFCD1FF17C3ED08AC" box="[840,937,178,204]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were almost always found in caves housing other bat species; these included 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFB60FF71C5C1088E" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1273,1413,212,238]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervinus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB60FF71C5C1088E" box="[1273,1413,212,238]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. cervinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFCB0FF53C3F70970" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[809,947,246,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larvatus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFCB0FF53C3F70970" box="[809,947,246,272]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. larvatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFC51FF53C4150970" baseAuthorityName="Hodgson" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[968,1105,246,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armiger">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC51FF53C4150970" box="[968,1105,246,272]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. armiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFBFCFF53C5C20970" authorityName="Bonhote" authorityYear="1903" box="[1125,1414,246,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayanus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFBFCFF53C5C20970" box="[1125,1414,246,272]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Rhinolophus malayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFCB0FEBDC3DC0952" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[809,920,280,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stheno">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFCB0FEBDC3DC0952" box="[809,920,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">R. stheno</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFC3EFEBDC4C20952" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[935,1158,280,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC3EFEBDC4C20952" box="[935,1158,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Myotis siligorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFB0FFEBDC4A90952" authorityName="Templeton" authorityYear="1848" box="[1174,1261,280,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB0FFEBDC4A90952" box="[1174,1261,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">M. ater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFB67FEBDC3380934" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medius">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB67FEBDC3380934" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Miniopterus medius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC49FE9FC5420934" box="[976,1286,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFC49FE9FC5460934" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1841" box="[976,1282,314,340]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Taphozous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopogon">Taphozous melanopogon</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Based on captures and wing morphology, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFB3DFEF9C5420916" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1188,1286,348,374]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB3DFEF9C5420916" box="[1188,1286,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is believed to forage in forested habitats; Douangboupha 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFAC9FEDBC5C209F8" box="[1360,1414,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2010) suggested that 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFBA4FE05C4E109DA" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1085,1189,416,442]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFBA4FE05C4E109DA" box="[1085,1189,416,442]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forages in diverse forest 
<typeStatus id="250E8852B862FF9EFCEEFE67C3F109BC" box="[887,949,450,476]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">types</typeStatus>
and may be somewhat tolerant of anthropogenically modified landscapes that retain vegetative structure (e.g., secondary forest, rubber and orchard plantations). Given the species’ distribution across the Malay peninsula into Southern 
<collectingCountry id="82A27660B862FF9EFA87FDEFC5CD0A04" box="[1310,1417,586,612]" name="Thailand" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, widespread occurrence and local abundance, we currently recommend 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFBA3FD2AC4E70AC9" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1082,1187,655,681]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFBA3FD2AC4E70AC9" box="[1082,1187,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
be evaluated as a species of Least Concern, following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria v. 3.1 (
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFB3AFD76C57B0A8D" author="IUCN" box="[1187,1343,723,749]" firstAuthor="IUCN" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" refId="ref20738" refString="IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List categories and criteria: version 3.1, 2 nd edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, iv + 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN, 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Loss and disturbance of caves and foraging habitats would support a higher category of risk.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A36F0B862FF9EFCD6FC9CC54B0C04" blockId="23.[809,1422,178,1124]" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">
We and others have noted the high levels of cryptic diversity in 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFC7BFCFEC43B0B15" authorityName=", Hill" authorityYear="1963" box="[994,1151,859,885]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC7BFCFEC43B0B15" box="[994,1151,859,885]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">Hipposideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFB56FCFEC3230BF7" author="Esselstyn" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Esselstyn" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="3678 - 3686" refId="ref20310" refString="ESSELSTYN, J. A., B. J. EVANS, J. L. SEDLOCK, F. A. A. KHAN, and L. R. HEANEY. 2012. Single-locus species delimitation: a test of the mixed Yule-coalescent model, with an empirical application to Philippine round-leaf bats. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, 279 B: 3678 - 3686." type="journal article" year="2012">
Esselstyn 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFAD1FCFEC53B0B15" box="[1352,1407,859,885]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFCEFFCD8C4220BF7" author="Murray" box="[886,1126,893,919]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murray" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="597 - 611" refId="ref21387" refString="MURRAY, S. W., P. CAMPBELL, T. KINGSTON, A. ZUBAID, C. M. FRANCIS, and T. H. KUNZ. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of hipposiderid bats from Southeast Asia and evidence of cryptic diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62: 597 - 611." type="journal article" year="2012">
Murray 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC41FCD8C44B0BF7" box="[984,1039,893,919]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9E244B01B862FF9EFBECFCD8C5150BF7" author="Foley" box="[1141,1361,893,919]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Foley" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref20381" refString="FOLEY, N. M., S. M. GOODMAN, C. V. WHELAN, S. J. PUECH- MAILLE, and E. TEELING. 2017. Towards navigating the Minotaur's labyrinth: cryptic diversity and taxonomic revision within the speciose genus Hipposideros (Hipposideridae). Acta Chiropterologica, 19: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2017">
Foley 
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB5BFCD8C4BC0BF7" box="[1218,1272,893,919]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). We hope that our taxonomic delineation of a new member of the 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFC3CFC64C3BE0BBB" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[933,1018,961,987]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFC3CFC64C3BE0BBB" box="[933,1018,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, 
<taxonomicName id="3DB54D73B862FF9EFB2DFC64C5530BBB" authorityName="M Urray &amp; Khan &amp; Kingston &amp; Zubaid &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="2018" box="[1204,1303,961,987]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunzi">
<emphasis id="C8C1EAE2B862FF9EFB2DFC64C5530BBB" box="[1204,1303,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="23">H. kunzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, will motivate further efforts to resolve the taxonomy of remaining cryptic lineages. Such efforts are essential to the conservation of the remarkable diversity that exists within this already speciose genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>