18518 lines
2.6 MiB
XML
18518 lines
2.6 MiB
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<document id="823CD4D70A480EB045472E86DCCA0BB0" ID-CLB-Dataset="305474" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.14224174" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc7d8da9-c2c0-4886-ac11-d20e6b94a2f7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224174" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1729628554654" checkinUser="juliana" docAuthor="C. Kenneth Dodd, Jr." docDate="1988" docId="447CBA1BFF90FFEAFA691A98C3A1B688" docLanguage="en" docName="BiolRep.88.14.1-120.pdf" docOrigin="Biological report 88 (14)" docTitle="Caretta Rafinesque 1814" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="B845C263FF98FFB3FFCC1973C65DB72F" masterDocTitle="SYNOPSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL DATA ON THE LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLE CARETTA CARETTA (LINNAEUS 1758)" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1732720101976" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="BAD967CB18F54AAB2DB4371D24D61E43" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
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<mods:titleInfo id="1A2F6E00500A14ED833A055B137A19E2">
|
||
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<mods:title id="B8E4DC5605C5A453770E74787C92F0E2">SYNOPSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL DATA ON THE LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLE CARETTA CARETTA (LINNAEUS 1758)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0E4B1DCB126DB95FE1D4B566206CC571" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0BB6FB4AFD51ECE84D22ECD472B67635">
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<mods:roleTerm id="78152F3071FF81A22230CBD168A3A1F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
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</mods:role>
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||
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<mods:namePart id="DA31A7A94C10263AFAD7BFA75B408BEE">C. Kenneth Dodd, Jr.</mods:namePart>
|
||
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<mods:affiliation id="02F4516CD56645A48B71610653ED7E36">U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Ecology Research Center 412 N. E. 16 th Avenue, Room 250 Gainesville, FL 32601</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="45722B99C8CBDC761C66E5F73318F474">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="AEA3F4C829340B66D2829D3F438EEED3" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B06F8970438C8481558E516F71E4A1A">
|
||
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<mods:title id="DC8D6439C46C20253B56A261BB57DF18">Biological report</mods:title>
|
||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
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<mods:part id="BFA50FD6CEB276474349F8DC0F9178F2">
|
||
|
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<mods:date id="A224D9C2C3B60D51CB71E7CF47A56700">1988</mods:date>
|
||
|
|
<mods:detail id="7B7087D7E51EF0C0A6707A53B0E58C32" type="pubDate">
|
||
|
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<mods:number id="A942A280CC2F066866AB6D2F214A5344">1988-05-30</mods:number>
|
||
|
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</mods:detail>
|
||
|
|
<mods:detail id="90B1E433D5EAA8D2F8E787D652F2DC29" type="volume">
|
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<mods:number id="278CA77466DDAC90EF406920D04C0C78">88</mods:number>
|
||
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</mods:detail>
|
||
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<mods:detail id="C61F349B6F371BD96DBD33A49F95E9CA" type="issue">
|
||
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<mods:number id="B5DDEFF565CC4518C22258EE4E95CA45">14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
|
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<mods:extent id="4DAC30044726F23590C6BDE779A774D1" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="10ADF2E203CABFC12888962D6B833FB0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="30CFC1182F48945B00309F30FD619971">110</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
|
||
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</mods:relatedItem>
|
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<mods:classification id="0A82CB7CAFCA29E097CCD75271572D79">journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier id="AB56B8C6A4307348F8E368659B1E029F" type="CLB-Dataset">305474</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3965A702B4EB6B50D886403A4D8E878D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.14224174</mods:identifier>
|
||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="1DBF9C168A2E8138EE9ABD26AD887DED" type="GBIF-Dataset">bc7d8da9-c2c0-4886-ac11-d20e6b94a2f7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2857FFF230216A406DE9E7A9BD1E1A8B" type="Zenodo-Dep">14224174</mods:identifier>
|
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment id="447CBA1BFF90FFEAFA691A98C3A1B688" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247557380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:447CBA1BFF90FFEAFA691A98C3A1B688" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/447CBA1BFF90FFEAFA691A98C3A1B688" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="8" pageNumber="3" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Cheloniidae" scope_order="Testudines" scope_phylum="Chordata" scope_subClass="Anapsida" scope_subOrder="Cryptodira" scope_subPhylum="Vertebrata" scope_superClass="Tetrapoda" scope_superFamily="Chelonioidae">
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF90FFBBFA691A98CEF8B365" pageId="8" type="nomenclature">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA691A98CEF8B365" blockId="8.[1376,2213,346,1098]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
Genus
|
||
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|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9E91A98C0D2B33B" authority="Rafmesque" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[1573,1679,1003,1044]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9E91A98C0D2B33B" box="[1573,1679,1003,1044]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(from
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF8C31A98C3AEB365" author="Wermuth, H." firstAuthor="Wermuth" pageId="8" refId="ref96017" refString="Wermuth, H. 1977. Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien. Testudines, Crocodylia, Rhynchocephalia. Das Tierreich, Berlin. XXVII + 174 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wermuth and Mertens 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF9DC1D53C1CDB365" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[1552,1936,1056,1098]" pageId="8" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF8601D53CECAB365" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[1964,2199,1056,1098]" firstAuthor="Cogger" pageId="8" refId="ref69691" refString="Cogger, H. G. 1983 a. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Third edition. Reed Books Pty. Ltd., Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Cogger 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF90FFBBFA961DF4C3E7B3CA" pageId="8" type="reference_group">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA961DF4C3E7B3CA" blockId="8.[1368,2213,1159,1306]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA961DF4C0CAB39F" authority="Rafmesque" authorityName="Rafmesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[1370,1687,1159,1200]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA961DF4C399B39F" box="[1370,1476,1159,1200]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Rafmesque
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, Spec. Sei. Palermo 1814, 2, p. 66.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF90FFBBFA011DCFC040B235" pageId="8" type="type_taxon">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA011DCFC040B235" blockId="8.[1368,2213,1159,1306]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF98A1DCFCE03B3CA" authority="Rafmesque, 1814" authorityName="Rafmesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[1606,2142,1212,1253]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF98A1DCFC17DB3CA" box="[1606,1824,1212,1253]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caretta nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Rafmesque, 1814
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by monotypy).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF90FFBBFA951C20C04EBDEF" pageId="8" type="reference_group">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA951C20CE6BB16E" blockId="8.[1366,2212,1363,1601]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA951C20C1F7B254" authority="Fitzinger, Ann." authorityName="Fitzinger, Ann." box="[1369,1962,1363,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Thalassochelys">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA951C20C0AFB254" box="[1369,1778,1363,1403]" italics="true" pageId="8">Chelonia (Thalassochelys)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Fitzinger
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, Ann. Mus. Wien 1835, 1, p. 121, 128. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF8621CF6C038B2F3" authority="Lacepede, 1788" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1788" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caouana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF8621CF6CEF9B283" box="[1966,2212,1413,1452]" italics="true" pageId="8">Testudo caouana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBFA941CC5C038B2F3" author="Lacepede, B. G. de la V." box="[1368,1637,1462,1500]" pageId="8" refId="ref81075" refString="Lacepede, B. G. de la V. 1788. Histoire naturelle des quadrupedes ovipares et des serpens. Vol. 1. Hotel de Thou, Paris. 651 pp." type="book" year="1788">Lacepede, 1788</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
=
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9601CC5CEFFB2F3" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1708,2210,1462,1500]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9601CC5C1D7B2F3" box="[1708,1930,1462,1500]" italics="true" pageId="8">Testudo caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF8551CC5CEFFB2F3" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1945,2210,1462,1500]" pageId="8" refId="ref82849" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 10, Tomus 1. L. Salvii, Stockholm, Sweden, 823 pp." type="journal volume" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by subsequent designation by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF8591C94CECEB120" author="Fitzinger, LJ" box="[1941,2195,1511,1551]" pageId="8" refId="ref72847" refString="Fitzinger, LJ. 1843. Systema Reptilium. Fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumuller and Seidel, Vienna. 106 pp." type="book" year="1843">Fitzinger 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, p. 30; explicitly proposed as a subgenus).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA961F08C197B1FA" blockId="8.[1366,2207,1659,1749]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA961F08C0BAB18C" authority="Bonaparte" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" box="[1370,1767,1659,1699]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA961F08C073B18C" box="[1370,1582,1659,1699]" italics="true" pageId="8">Thalassochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Bonaparte
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, Arch. Naturgesch. 1838, 4, p. 142 (first use as a full genus).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA9B1E62CE41B0B0" blockId="8.[1364,2208,1809,1951]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA9B1E62C036B016" authority="Cocteau" authorityName="Cocteau" box="[1367,1643,1809,1849]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caouana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA9B1E62C38BB016" box="[1367,1494,1809,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caouana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Cocteau
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9491E62C0C2B016" box="[1669,1695,1809,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Ramon de la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, IX, 1838, 1, p. 31. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF7FD1E37C0B2B0B0" authority="Lacepede, 1788" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1788" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caouana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF7FD1E37C396B0B0" italics="true" pageId="8">Testudo caouana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBFA121E05C0B2B0B0" author="Lacepede, B. G. de la V." box="[1502,1775,1910,1951]" pageId="8" refId="ref81075" refString="Lacepede, B. G. de la V. 1788. Histoire naturelle des quadrupedes ovipares et des serpens. Vol. 1. Hotel de Thou, Paris. 651 pp." type="book" year="1788">Lacepede, 1788</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by tautonymy).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA9F1EA9C3F1BF4B" blockId="8.[1363,2206,2010,2148]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA9F1EA9CE7CBF2C" authority="Fitzinger, 1843" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityPageNumber="30" authorityYear="1843" box="[1363,2081,2010,2051]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Halichelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA9F1EA9C3B0BF2C" box="[1363,1517,2010,2051]" italics="true" pageId="8">Halichelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Fitzinger, Syst. Rep. 1843, p. 30
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA99117FC143BF1A" authority="Merrem, 1820" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" box="[1365,1822,2060,2101]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atra">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA99117FC056BF1A" box="[1365,1547,2060,2101]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caretta atra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Merrem, 1820
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by original designation).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA9D11D2C04BBE1F" blockId="8.[1361,2206,2209,2352]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFA9D11D2C00FBFE7" authority="Gray, 1873" authorityName="Gray" box="[1361,1618,2209,2248]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eremonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA9D11D2C3BFBFE7" box="[1361,1506,2209,2248]" italics="true" pageId="8">Eremonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Gray
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1873, p. 408. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9AF11A7CE0FBFD3" authority="Gray, 1844" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1635,2130,2260,2300]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caouana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9AF11A7C12FBFD3" box="[1635,1906,2260,2300]" italics="true" pageId="8">Caouana elongata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF84411A7CE0FBFD3" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1928,2130,2260,2300]" pageId="8" refId="ref76018" refString="Gray, J. E. 1844. Catalogue of the tortoises, crocodiles, and amphisbaenians, in the collection of the British Museum. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist., London. 72 pp." type="book" year="1844">Gray, 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by monotypy).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA9E101AC049BED7" blockId="8.[1360,2205,2409,2552]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA9E101AC3B2BEBE" box="[1362,1519,2409,2449]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
?
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFAAE101AC006BEBE" authority="Portis" authorityName="Portis" box="[1378,1627,2409,2449]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Pliochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pliochelys Portis</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
, privately printed 1890, p. 17, 18, 30. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9EA10EFCE15BEEA" authority="Portis, 1890" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[1574,2120,2460,2501]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Pliochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derelicta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9EA10EFC110BEEA" box="[1574,1869,2460,2501]" italics="true" pageId="8">Pliochelys derelicta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Portis, 1890
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by monotypy).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBBFA9D1342C04EBDEF" blockId="8.[1358,2203,2609,2752]" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBFA9D1342C06FBD75" box="[1361,1586,2609,2650]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
?
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFAAC1342C0C0BD75" authority="Portis" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[1376,1693,2609,2650]" class="Reptilia" genus="Proganosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Proganosaurus Portis</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
, privately printed 1890, p. 25, 30. Type:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9C01317CE0FBDA1" authority="Portis, 1890" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[1548,2130,2660,2702]" genus="Proganosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pertinax">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF90FFBBF9C01317C12DBDA1" box="[1548,1904,2660,2702]" italics="true" pageId="8">Proganosaurus pertinax</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Portis, 1890
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(by monotypy).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF90FFBAFADA1389C5E3B564" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="8" type="discussion">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF90FFBAFADA1389C5E3B564" blockId="8.[1259,2201,2810,3051]" lastBlockId="9.[295,1235,348,587]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="8">
|
||
|
|
Both
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBFAB51389C051BC0C" box="[1401,1548,2810,2851]" pageId="8">Pliochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF9A31388C114BC0E" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[1647,1865,2811,2849]" genus="Proganosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Proganosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
were described by A. Portis, in a privately printed booklet, based on Pliocene fossils in Italy.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF95D122CC179BCAA" box="[1681,1828,2911,2949]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Pliochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pliochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
was described on the basis of a small fragment of shell and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF90FFBBF84A12E1CE3DBC97" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[1926,2144,2962,3000]" genus="Proganosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Proganosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
on the basis ofa single vertebra.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF90FFBBF92212B7C180BCC5" author="Romer, A. S." box="[1774,2013,3012,3051]" pageId="8" refId="ref90392" refString="Romer, A. S. 1956. Osteology of the reptiles. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 772 pp." type="book" year="1956">Romer (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, citing the date of publication as 1891, questionably placed both in synonymy with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFD4618FDC4A9B698" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[650,756,398,439]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFD4618FDC4A9B698" box="[650,756,398,439]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
without discussion, while neither was placed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFD6F18B3C595B6C7" author="Mlynarski, M." bookContentInfo="Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 130 pp" box="[675,968,448,488]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref85684" refString="Mlynarski, M. 1976. Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie. Part 7. Testudines. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 130 pp." title="Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie. Part 7. Testudines" type="book" year="1976">Mlynarski (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Other authors have aligned
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFDD31881C4A4B535" authorityName="Portis" authorityYear="1890" box="[543,761,498,538]" genus="Proganosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFDD31881C4A4B535" box="[543,761,498,538]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Proganosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
with the pleurodires (see discussion in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFDD41B56C5F1B564" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[536,940,549,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF91FFBAFE1E1BD8C461B193" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE1E1BD8C421B5E0" blockId="9.[389,1228,683,823]" box="[466,636,683,719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">- Generic</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE491BAFC291B42C" blockId="9.[389,1228,683,823]" box="[389,1228,732,771]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
Genus
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFDC91BAFC432B42C" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[517,623,732,771]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFDC91BAFC432B42C" box="[517,623,732,771]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
monotypic, see specific diagnosis.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE1E1A63C425B418" blockId="9.[389,1228,683,823]" box="[466,632,784,823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">- Specific</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE811A07C461B193" blockId="9.[288,1231,884,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFE811A07C7B7B4B2" box="[333,490,884,925]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Two pairs of prefrontal scales; carapace elongated, somewhat tapered posteriorly, and thickened above caudal region; dorsal scutes not imbricate, except in some young specimens; adult vertebral scutes smooth, although small turtles have projections toward the rear of lateral and vertebral scutes (best defined on vertebrals); five pairs of pleurals, first contacting the precentral; usually three or four inframarginal laminae enlarged and poreless; two claws on each flipper as hatchlings; head very broad and triangular with powerful jaws; carapace reddish-brown; plastron yellowishwhite to yellowish-brown. Detailed descriptions are in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFEED1CBDC42FB2D9" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[289,626,1486,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFD5E1CBDC483B2D9" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[658,734,1486,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFD311CBDC50FB2D9" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[765,850,1486,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFCB81CBDC260B2D9" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[884,1085,1486,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFB971CBDC4BDB107" author="Loveridge, A. & E. E. Williams" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="163 - 557" refId="ref83207" refString="Loveridge, A., and E. E. Williams. 1957. Revision of the African tortoises and turtles of the suborder Cryptodira. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115: 163 - 557." type="journal article" year="1957">Loveridge and Williams (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFCCC1F73C260B107" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[768,1085,1536,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFBA81F73C2EAB107" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1124,1207,1536,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFEED1F41C484B175" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[289,729,1586,1626]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Hughes (19746),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFBD01F41C7A5B1A3" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFDDE1F17C5DCB1A3" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[530,897,1636,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFC281F17C46FB193" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF91FFB9FE021E68C50EBCCA" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE021E68C532B06E" blockId="9.[462,879,1819,1857]" box="[462,879,1819,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF91FFBAFE021E68C532B06E" box="[462,879,1819,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">1.2.2 Taxonomic status</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE841E0CC264B08A" blockId="9.[328,1081,1919,1957]" box="[328,1081,1919,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">The loggerhead turtle is a morpho-species.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE011170C4ADBF05" blockId="9.[461,752,2051,2090]" box="[461,752,2051,2090]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF91FFBAFE011170C4ADBF05" box="[461,752,2051,2090]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">1.2.3 Subspecies</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE8A111BC7DEBC66" blockId="9.[281,1223,2152,2889]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFE8A111BC4FEBFA0" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[326,675,2152,2191]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref70977" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1933. The loggerhead turtles (Carettidae) of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 18: 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1933">Deraniyagala (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the Indo-Pacific red-brown loggerheads as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFD5711E9C54BBFEE" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[667,790,2202,2241]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFD5711E9C54BBFEE" box="[667,790,2202,2241]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
to distinguish them from the Atlantic red-brown loggerheads (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFC5011BFC264BFDC" box="[924,1081,2252,2291]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFC5011BFC271BFDC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[924,1068,2252,2291]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and the olive-brown loggerheads (i. e., ridleys), which he also placed within the genus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFD1D1043C518BE79" box="[721,837,2352,2390]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFD1D1043C566BE79" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[721,827,2352,2390]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The diagnostic characteristics of the Indo-Pacific red-brown species were said to be the higher number of marginal scutes in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFED110B6C7C5BEC4" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[285,408,2501,2539]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFED110B6C7C5BEC4" box="[285,408,2501,2539]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(13 as opposed to 12 in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFCE510B6C5E2BEC4" box="[809,959,2501,2539]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFCE510B6C5EEBEC4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[809,947,2501,2539]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and the greater variation in the number of neural bones in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFB8F1085C29ABD32" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1091,1223,2550,2589]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFB8F1085C29ABD32" box="[1091,1223,2550,2589]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(7 -12 as opposed to 7-8 in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFCD4135BC59ABD60" box="[792,967,2600,2639]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFCD4135BC5E5BD60" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[792,952,2600,2639]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFC13135BC7D9BDAE" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
later declared
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFDB11329C496BDAE" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[637,715,2650,2689]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFDB11329C496BDAE" box="[637,715,2650,2689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
to be a subspecies of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFBF41329C298BDAE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1080,1221,2650,2689]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFBF41329C298BDAE" box="[1080,1221,2650,2689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
after examining a series of museum specimens from a wide geographic area, and at the same time resurrected
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFED51382C4B2BC37" authority="Fitzinger (1843)" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[281,751,2801,2840]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFED51382C78FBC37" box="[281,466,2801,2840]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFE2C1382C4B2BC37" author="Fitzinger, LJ" box="[480,751,2801,2840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref72847" refString="Fitzinger, LJ. 1843. Systema Reptilium. Fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumuller and Seidel, Vienna. 106 pp." type="book" year="1843">Fitzinger (1843)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
for the olive-brown loggerheads.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFE8F12FBC0BCB33D" blockId="9.[282,1221,2952,3041]" lastBlockId="9.[1283,2226,348,1042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
In 1943, Deraniyagala further subdivided
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFBC112FBC298BC80" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1037,1221,2952,2991]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFBC112FBC298BC80" box="[1037,1221,2952,2991]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
into two subspecies,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFD4512C8C5E5BCCE" box="[649,952,3003,3041]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olivacea" subSpecies="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFD4512C8C5E5BCCE" box="[649,952,3003,3041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">L. olivacea olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFBD512C8C335B6AC" box="[1049,1384,348,3041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFBD512C8C302B6AC" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1953" box="[1049,1375,348,3041]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olwacea" subSpecies="kempi">L. olwacea kempi</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and reaffirmed the validity of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF8B4182FCE7DB6AC" box="[1912,2080,348,387]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
C.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF86B182FCE4BB6AC" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1959,2070,348,387]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">c. gigas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
All four taxonomic entities were placed within
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF87318FDCEECB69A" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1983,2225,398,437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="193 - 217" refId="ref75903" refString="Gray, J. E. 1825. A synopsis of the genera of reptiles and amphibia, with a description of some new species. Ann. Philos., n. s., 10: 193 - 217." type="journal article" year="1825">Gray's (1825)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
family
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA4C18B3C068B6C9" box="[1408,1589,448,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Carettidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
to distinguish them from the family
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFACA1881C392B536" box="[1286,1487,498,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cheloniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFA111881C034B536" box="[1501,1641,498,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA2A1881C034B536" box="[1510,1641,498,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF9721881C1CCB536" box="[1726,1937,498,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF9721881C1DFB536" box="[1726,1922,498,537]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
[Note, however, that
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFA9E1B57C0FAB564" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1362,1703,548,587]" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon J. Sei. (B)" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="207 - 209" part="18" refId="ref71010" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1934. Relationships among loggerhead turtles (Carettidae). Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 18: 207 - 209." title="Relationships among loggerhead turtles (Carettidae)." type="journal article" year="1934">Deraniyagala (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
had previously used the family
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFACA1B25C3E8B553" box="[1286,1461,598,636]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Carettidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
to include the genera
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF8E41B25CEF3B553" box="[1832,2222,598,636]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF8E41B25CEF4B553" authority=", Colpochelys" authorityName="Colpochelys" box="[1832,2217,598,636]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys, Colpochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFA9B1BFBC387B580" box="[1367,1498,648,687]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA9B1BFBC39DB580" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[1367,1472,648,687]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.]
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
He later placed these four subspecies in the subfamily
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA3E1BC9CE59B5CE" authority="(Deraniyagala 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1522,2052,698,737]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Carettinae">
|
||
|
|
Carettinae (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9701BC9C1A1B5CE" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1724,2044,698,737]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">Deraniyagala 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, although the first mention of the subfamily
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF8A81B9FCE44B43C" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1892,2073,748,787]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Carettinae">Carettinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
actually appeared in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFA2E1A53C119B468" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1506,1860,800,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="57 - 58" refId="ref71311" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1952. The loggerhead turtles (Carettinae) of Europe. Herpetologica 8 (3): 57 - 58." type="journal article" year="1952">Deraniyagala (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
without explanation or subfamilial definition. Subsequent papers continued to maintain that
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF9D31AF6C0E1B483" box="[1567,1724,901,940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
C.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF9831AF6C0E1B483" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1615,1724,901,940]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">c. gigas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
was distinct from
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF83F1AF6CEF1B483" box="[2035,2220,901,940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
C.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF7EE1AF6CEFCB483" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[2082,2209,901,940]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">c. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
although no new diagnostic characters were added (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFADD1A98C005B33D" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1297,1624,1003,1042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="95 - 98" refId="ref71178" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1945. Some subspecific characters of the loggerhead Caretta caretta. Spolia Zeylan. 24: 95 - 98." type="journal article" year="1945">Deraniyagala 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9B11A98C092B33D" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1661,1743,1003,1042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="195 - 196" refId="ref71233" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1946. Marginal scutes in races of the brown-red loggerhead, Caretta caretta Linne. Spolia Zeylan. 24: 195 - 196." type="journal article" year="1946">1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFAE01D3CCEFBB04D" blockId="9.[1278,2221,1103,1890]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
The range of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF9ED1D3CC097B359" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1569,1738,1103,1142]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF9ED1D3CC097B359" box="[1569,1738,1103,1142]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. c. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
initially was thought to include only the Indo-Pacific Ocean to Western Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFADC1DC7C008B3F4" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1296,1621,1204,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref70977" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1933. The loggerhead turtles (Carettidae) of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 18: 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1933">Deraniyagala 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), but was later expanded to include China and the East Indies (possibly based on misidentified
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFAA41C64C06DB211" box="[1384,1584,1303,1342]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFAA41C64C078B211" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1384,1573,1303,1342]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9891C64C100B211" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1605,1885,1303,1342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFAC31C3AC004B25F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1295,1625,1353,1392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), west Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF8961C3ACEC0B25F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1882,2205,1353,1392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="79 - 92" refId="ref71121" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1943. Subspecies formation in loggerhead turtles (Carettidae). Spolia Zeylan. 23: 79 - 92." type="journal article" year="1943">Deraniyagala 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFACC1C09C381B28E" author="Villiers, A." box="[1280,1500,1402,1441]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
[who nevertheless expressed doubt as to the validity
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFA061CDFC039B2FC" box="[1482,1636,1452,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">ofgigas]),</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the Pacific coast of Mexico (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF79E1CDFC308B129" author="Shaw, C. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="55 - 56" refId="ref92533" refString="Shaw, C. E. 1947. First records of the red-brown loggerhead turtle from the eastern Pacific. Herpetologica 4: 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1947">Shaw 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Europe (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF99E1CADC1C9B129" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1618,1940,1502,1542]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="57 - 58" refId="ref71311" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1952. The loggerhead turtles (Carettinae) of Europe. Herpetologica 8 (3): 57 - 58." type="journal article" year="1952">Deraniyagala 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF8791CADCE3EB129" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1973,2147,1502,1542]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF8791CADCE3EB129" box="[1973,2147,1502,1542]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C c. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
was considered to be the subspecies in the western Atlantic region (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFA481F31C06AB146" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1412,1591,1602,1641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9301F31C199B146" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1788,1988,1602,1641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
believed that southern Africa marked the boundary between the subspecies
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA711FD5C050B1E2" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1469,1549,1702,1741]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFA711FD5C050B1E2" box="[1469,1549,1702,1741]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF9A21FD5C08BB1E2" box="[1646,1750,1702,1741]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF9A21FD5C090B1E2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1646,1741,1702,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9201FD5CE0DB1E2" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1772,2128,1702,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="57 - 58" refId="ref71311" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1952. The loggerhead turtles (Carettinae) of Europe. Herpetologica 8 (3): 57 - 58." type="journal article" year="1952">Deraniyagala (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
considered redbrown loggerheads in Europe possibly to have been derived from a breeding colony in the Azores rather than rafting on currents from the United States.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFBAFAEB1ED3C1B1BDC8" blockId="9.[1273,2215,1952,2791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
The diagnostic characters used to distinguish
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF7961ED3C315B0D6" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF7961ED3C315B0D6" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. c. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAFA7C1EA1C03CB0D6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1456,1633,2002,2041]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAFA7C1EA1C03CB0D6" box="[1456,1633,2002,2041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">C. c. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
are not valid.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF8941EA1CEC6B0D6" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1880,2203,2002,2041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, using data on marginals from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF8DE1177CEDDBF05" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1810,2176,2052,2090]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
a),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFB311145C04CBF72" author="Willgohs, J. F." box="[1277,1553,2102,2141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref96379" refString="Willgohs, J. F. 1952. Common loggerhead Caretta caretta (Linne) stranded in western Norway with some remarks on its specific diagnosis. Univ. Bergen Arbok Naturvitensk. Rekke No. 17, 8 pp." type="book" year="1952">Willgohs (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9FD1145C163BF72" author="Cadenat, J." box="[1585,1854,2102,2141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="16 - 35" refId="ref68270" refString="Cadenat, J. 1949. Notes sur les tortues marines des cotes du Senegal. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 11: 16 - 35." type="journal article" year="1949">Cadenat (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF8921145CE41BF72" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1886,2076,2102,2141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref68900" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1942. Notes on sea turtles. Proc. New England Zool. Club 21: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1942">Carr (1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF78D1145CECEBF72" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[2113,2195,2102,2141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFB30111BC002BFA0" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1276,1631,2152,2191]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="195 - 196" refId="ref71233" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1946. Marginal scutes in races of the brown-red loggerhead, Caretta caretta Linne. Spolia Zeylan. 24: 195 - 196." type="journal article" year="1946">Deraniyagala (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF91C111BCEC4BFA0" author="Scott, E. O. G. & B. C. Mollison" box="[1744,2201,2152,2191]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="59 - 63" refId="ref92172" refString="Scott, E. O. G., and B. C. Mollison. 1956. The Indo-Pacific redbrown loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta gigas Deraniyagala, and the leathery turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Linne) in Tasmanian waters. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 90: 59 - 63." type="journal article" year="1956">Scott and Mollison (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, in addition to counts made on museum specimens, showed that the average number of marginals varied as follows: western Atlantic— 12.62; western Europe— 12.71; Senegal—12.83; Mediterranean —12.57; Indo-Pacific—12.78.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9C31011C178BEA7" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1551,1829,2402,2440]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
added counts of 11.07 for Mexican Pacific loggerheads and 11.44 for Japanese specimens, although he did not count supracaudals.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFB371084C01CBD30" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1275,1601,2551,2591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF9911084C113BD30" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1629,1870,2551,2591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAF84E1084CEC5BD30" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1922,2200,2551,2591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFA89135AC11ABD7F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1349,1863,2601,2640]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
concluded that such slight variation could not justify recognition of the two subspecies, and the name
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF91FFBAF92E13FEC16DBD9B" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1762,1840,2701,2740]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF91FFBAF92E13FEC16DBD9B" box="[1762,1840,2701,2740]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
was rejected in the checklist of Wermuth and Mertens (1977).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF91FFB9FAEE1257C236B555" blockId="9.[1272,2217,2852,3034]" lastBlockId="10.[280,1222,340,634]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="3">
|
||
|
|
This conclusion is bolstered by the observations of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF91FFBAFB341225C3BCBC52" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1272,1505,2902,2941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref69857" refString="Coker, R. E. 1910. Diversity in the scutes of chelonia. J. Morph. 21: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1910">Coker (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
who, after studying scute variation in hatchling loggerheads in North Carolina, found ranges between 12 and 15 and concluded that no definite number of marginals could be considered normal.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FED418F4C43FB681" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[280,610,391,430]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
believed Deraniyagala failed to include counts of the supracaudals, which other authors may have included, thus leading to the differences reported in the literature. Some authors (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FBEF1B6CC45AB555" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) continue to recognize
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FC7A1B21C236B555" box="[950,1131,594,634]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FC7A1B21C23FB555" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[950,1122,594,634]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">C. c. gigas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FE8C1BCBC456B388" blockId="10.[279,1221,696,1191]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
The number of neurals is also polymorphic, but a sufficient sample size has yet to demonstrate that Atlantic
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FED51A6FC7DEB46C" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[281,387,796,835]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FED51A6FC7DEB46C" box="[281,387,796,835]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
have consistently fewer neurals.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FC1F1A6FC475B459" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported an average of 9.1 neurals in a sample of 11 Atlantic
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FD671AF2C543B488" box="[683,798,897,935]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FD671AF2C54EB488" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[683,787,897,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the same value reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FE811AC0C4F0B4F3" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[333,685,947,988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for a sample of 12
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FC311AC0C23AB4F3" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[1021,1127,947,988]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FC311AC0C23AB4F3" box="[1021,1127,947,988]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Sri Lanka.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FE121A95C574B321" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[478,809,998,1038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also concluded that the number of neurals was probably a poor diagnostic character since so few data were available over the range of the species.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FE8D1D96C4BDBEA4" blockId="10.[273,1224,1253,2443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FE8D1D96C4A6B222" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[321,763,1253,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
proposed that the name
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FED71C6AC4EBB26F" box="[283,694,1305,1344]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FED71C6AC4ECB26F" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1887" box="[283,689,1305,1344]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassiochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarapacona">Thalassiochelys tarapacona</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
used to describe a new species of loggerhead on the Pacific coast of South America by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FEDB1C0DC44BB28A" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[279,534,1406,1445]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="84 - 88" refId="ref88125" refString="Philippi, R. A. 1887. Vorlaufige Nachricht uber die chilenischen Seeschildkroten und einige Fische der chilenischen Kuste. Zool. Gart. 28: 84 - 88." type="journal article" year="1887">Philippi (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, had priority over the name
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FBD81C0DC29DB28A" box="[1044,1216,1406,1445]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FBD81C0DC2E5B28A" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[1044,1208,1406,1445]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">C. c. gigas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
They relegated
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FDEA1CC3C428B2F8" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1933" box="[550,629,1456,1495]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FDEA1CC3C428B2F8" box="[550,629,1456,1495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
to a junior synonym, and used a misspelling of Philippi's name for the new subspecies,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FED41F67C44DB114" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1887" box="[280,528,1556,1595]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassiochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarapacana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FED41F67C44DB114" box="[280,528,1556,1595]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">C. c. tarapacana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FD741F67C5CBB114" author="Frazier, J." box="[696,918,1556,1595]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). While acknowledging
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FE551F35C55EB142" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[409,771,1606,1645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma's (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
observations, they stated that the literature was "now sufficiently massive to justify that the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic populations are indeed differentiated at the subspecific level.'' They distinguished the Indo-Pacific subspecies by a suite of characters, including the following: vertebrals II and III relatively broad, supracaudals never longer than wide, plastron much lighter than carapace in young, carapace indented dorsal to hindlimbs, lateral keel over all the costals, neck light with a dark vertebral streak, usually three or more pleurals in contact mesially, usually nine or more neurals, peripherals III not contacted by a rib, and larger adults than
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FD5511E8C50ABFEC" box="[665,855,2203,2243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FD5511E8C510BFEC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[665,845,2203,2243]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. c. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FCA411E8C20BBFEC" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[872,1110,2203,2243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*) and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FED811BEC546BFDA" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[276,795,2253,2293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that none of these characters has been confirmed and that there is no basis for considering the Indo-Pacific loggerheads to be larger than Atlantic loggerheads.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FEF010BBC50EBCCA" blockId="10.[272,1217,2504,3045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
In addition,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FDD210BBC55BBEDE" author="Yanez, A. P." box="[542,774,2504,2545]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref96997" refString="Yanez, A. P. 1951. Vertebrados marinos chilenos. Rev. Biol. Mar. (Valparaiso) 3: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1951">Yanez (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FCA510BBC23DBEDE" author="Frazier, J." box="[873,1120,2504,2545]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
have clearly demonstrated that
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FD1B1088C5A9BD0C" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[727,1012,2555,2595]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="84 - 88" refId="ref88125" refString="Philippi, R. A. 1887. Vorlaufige Nachricht uber die chilenischen Seeschildkroten und einige Fische der chilenischen Kuste. Zool. Gart. 28: 84 - 88." type="journal article" year="1887">Philippi's (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
description was based on misidentified specimens of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FBCF135EC7D3BDA8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FBCF135EC7D9BDA8" baseAuthorityName="Eschscholtz" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ohvacea">Lepidochelys ohvacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Hence, the name
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FD2D1313C22ABDA8" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1887" box="[737,1143,2656,2695]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassiochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarapacana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FD2D1313C22ABDA8" box="[737,1143,2656,2695]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Thalassiochelys tarapacana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is a synonym of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FE2613E2C4C9BD98" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[490,660,2705,2743]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FE2613E2C4C9BD98" box="[490,660,2705,2743]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">L. olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and thus is unavailable for the Indo-Pacific red-brown loggerhead even should subspecific status eventually be found warranted. Until the characters identified by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FD611254C21BBC7F" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[685,1094,2855,2896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
can be verified or until other significant differences can be found in populations of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FD6512F8C541BC9D" box="[681,796,2955,2994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FD6512F8C54ABC9D" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[681,791,2955,2994]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the species
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FC2012F8C2E3BC9D" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1782" box="[1004,1214,2955,2994]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FC2012F8C2E3BC9D" box="[1004,1214,2955,2994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
should be considered monotypic.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF92FFB9FA661826C191BE4E" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FA661826C185B654" blockId="10.[1450,2008,341,379]" box="[1450,2008,341,379]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF92FFB9FA661826C185B654" box="[1450,2008,341,379]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">1.2. 4 Standard common names</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FAE818C9C3FBB581" blockId="10.[1273,2217,442,686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
From
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FA5D18C9C148B6CC" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[1425,1813,442,483]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: loggerhead (English); logrit (Caribbean English); caguama, cabezona, jabalina (Spanish); caouane, caouanne (French); avo de tartaruga (Portugese-Brazil); onechte karet (Dutch-Surinam).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FAEF1B8FC049B395" blockId="10.[1273,2215,764,1210]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
Other common names: aka-umigame (Japanese—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FB361A5DC073B479" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1274,1582,814,854]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); cardon (Spanish—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F80D1A5DCECEB479" author="Roze, J. A." box="[1985,2195,814,854]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref90692" refString="Roze, J. A. 1956. La herpetofauna de las islas Los Roques y La Orchila. Pages 79 - 86 in El Archipelago de Los Roques y La Orchila, Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, Caracas." type="book" year="1956">Roze 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); tortuga franca (Spanish, Argentina—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F85B1A12CECCB4A6" author="Freiberg, M." box="[1943,2193,865,905]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref74301" refString="Freiberg, M. 1981. Turtles of South America. T. F. H. Publications Ltd., Neptune, NJ 125 pp." type="book" year="1981">Freiberg 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); tartaruga del mar, uruana, surana (Portugese, Brazil—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FB371AB6C3B6B4C0" author="Freiberg, M." box="[1275,1515,965,1007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref74301" refString="Freiberg, M. 1981. Turtles of South America. T. F. H. Publications Ltd., Neptune, NJ 125 pp." type="book" year="1981">Freiberg 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); falso carey (Spanish—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8471AB6CECFB4C0" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[1931,2194,965,1007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Karettschildkrote (German); remani (Arabic—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F79A1A8AC30CB37B" author="Ross, J. P." pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); tao-ya, tao-charmed (Thai—
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8AE1D5FC046B3A7" author="Phasuk, B. & S. Rongmuangsart" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref88070" refString="Phasuk, B., and S. Rongmuangsart. 1973. Growth studies on the olive ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea olivacea Eschscholtz, in captivity and the effect of food preferences on growth. Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. Bull. No. 1: 1 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1973">Phasuk and Rongmuangsart 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F98B1D13C120B3A7" author="Nutaphand, W." box="[1607,1917,1120,1160]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref86764" refString="Nutaphand, W. 1979. The turtles ofThailand. SIAMFARM Zoological Garden, Bangkok, Thailand." type="book" year="1979">Nutaphand 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); and tartaruga caretta (Italian).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FAEE1C79C1F2B0A6" blockId="10.[1272,2215,1290,1929]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
Vernacular names used within certain localized geographic regions or by indigenous peoples are provided in the following references: Brazil (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8281C1DC3AAB2E7" author="Ferreira de Menezes, M." pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref72658" refString="Ferreira de Menezes, M. 1972. As tartarugas do Brazil. Arq. Cienc. Mar. Fortaleza 12 (l): 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1972">Ferreira de Menezes 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); French Guiana (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8F21CD2C05CB2D4" author="Fretey, J. & O. Renault-Lescure" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref74414" refString="Fretey, J., and O. Renault-Lescure. 1978. Presence de la tortue dans la vie des indiens Galibi de Guyane Francaise. J. d'Agric. Trad, et Bot. App. 25: 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1978">Fretey and Renault-Lescure 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Lesser Antilles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8401CA1CECDB2D4" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1932,2192,1490,1531]" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Res. Bull." pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 43" part="278" refId="ref85129" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1983. Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 278: 1 - 43." title="Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles" type="book chapter" year="1983">Meylan 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Madagascar (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FA2B1F76C1ADB103" author="Vaillant, L. & G. Grandidier" box="[1511,2032,1541,1580]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="26 - 80" refId="ref95355" refString="Vaillant, L., and G. Grandidier. 1910. Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. Vol. XVII. Histoire naturelle des reptiles, premiere partie: crocodiles et tortues. A. and G. Grandidier, Paris. Pages 26 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1910">Vaillant and Grandidier 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Mozambique (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FAB11F45C0DDB170" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1405,1664,1590,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); New Guinea (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F87E1F45C312B1BE" author="Rhodin, A. G. J. & S. Spring & P. C. H. Pritchard" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="105 - 117" refId="ref89809" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J., S. Spring, and P. C. H. Pritchard. 1980. Glossary of turtle vernacular names used in the New Guinea region. J. Polynesian Soc. 89: 105 - 117." type="journal article" year="1980">Rhodin et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Seychelles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F9F21F1AC144B1BE" author="Frazier, J." box="[1598,1817,1641,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8F31F1AC1CDB1BE" author="Frazier, J." box="[1855,1936,1641,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
«); South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FACB1FE9C3ABB1ED" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1287,1526,1690,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
«); South America (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8931FE9C311B1DA" author="Mittermeier, R. A. & F. Medem & A. G. J. Rhodin" bookContentInfo="SSAR Herpetol. Circ. No. 10, 44 pp" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref85611" refString="Mittermeier, R. A., F. Medem, and A. G. J. Rhodin. 1980. Vernacular names of South American turtles. SSAR Herpetol. Circ. No. 10, 44 pp." title="Vernacular names of South American turtles" type="book" year="1980">Mittermeier et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Sinhalese-speaking peoples (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8831FBECECDB1DA" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1871,2192,1741,1781]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Tamil-speaking peoples (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F96A1F8DC1BBB009" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1702,2022,1790,1830]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F8361F8DC3A0B077" author="Jones, S. & A. B. Fernando" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref79576" refString="Jones, S., and A. B. Fernando. 1973. Present status of the turtle fishery in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay. Pages 712 - 715 in Proceedings of the symposium on living resources of the seas around India, Spec. Publ. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Cochin." type="proceedings" year="1973">Jones and Fernando 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F9D01E43C119B077" author="Valliappan, S." box="[1564,1860,1840,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="26 - 30" refId="ref95406" refString="Valliappan, S. 1973. Sea turtles in Indian waters. Cheetal 16: 26 - 30." type="journal article" year="1973">Valliappan 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Tanzania (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F7EB1E43C313B0A6" author="Frazier, J." pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="11 - 14" refId="ref73942" refString="Frazier, J. 1976. Sea turtles in Tanzania. Tanzania Notes and Records 77 - 78: 11 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1976">Frazier 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); and Venezuela (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F95B1E11C1C0B0A6" author="Brownell, B." box="[1687,1949,1890,1929]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="35 - 39" refId="ref67437" refString="Brownell, B. 1974. Las tortugas marinas de Venezuela. Natura, Caracas No. 53: 35 - 39." type="book chapter" year="1974">Brownell 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FAED1EAAC191BE4E" blockId="10.[1270,2214,2009,2401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
The name
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9FA131EAAC014BF2F" authorityName="Rafmesque, Spec. Sei. Palermo" authorityYear="1814" box="[1503,1609,2009,2048]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FA131EAAC014BF2F" box="[1503,1609,2009,2048]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is a latinized version of the French word "caret," meaning turtle, tortoise, or sea turtle (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FACA114EC0F0BF4A" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[1286,1709,2109,2149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The name caret or carey (Spanish) is usually associated in the vernacular with the hawksbill
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FA3511D2C124BFE6" box="[1529,1913,2209,2249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF92FFB9F9CB11D2C136BFE6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[1543,1899,2209,2249]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">Eretmochelys imbricata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
rather than the loggerhead, and the name transfer probably resulted from Linnaeus' confusion over the identity of these species (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9FA47104BC0E6BE4E" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1419,1723,2360,2401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF92FFB9F912104BC1E6BE4E" author="Wallin, L." box="[1758,1979,2360,2401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" pagination="121 - 130" refId="ref95858" refString="Wallin, L. 1985. A survey of Linnaeus's material of Chelone mydas, Caretta caretta and Eretmochelys imbncata (Reptilia, Cheloniidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 85: 121 - 130." type="journal article" year="1985">Wallin 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF92FFA7FA69109BC3D0BCCD" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FA69109BC1A7BD3F" blockId="10.[1445,2042,2536,2576]" box="[1445,2042,2536,2576]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF92FFB9FA69109BC1A7BD3F" box="[1445,2042,2536,2576]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="4" reason="4">1.2.5 Definition of size categories</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FAD3133EC329BD8B" blockId="10.[1268,2211,2637,2724]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">Size categories for loggerhead turtles are defined as follows:</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9FB3E1384C03ABCF1" blockId="10.[1266,2210,2807,3038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF92FFB9FB3E1384C3C0BC31" box="[1266,1437,2807,2846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">hatchling</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
- from hatching to the first few weeks of life as it begins rafting on currents for the life stage known as the “lost year ” attains about 10 cm straight-line carapace length (SLCL); characterized by the presence of the umbilical scar.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF92FFB9F9FE122FC06EBCAE" blockId="10.[1266,2210,2807,3038]" box="[1586,1587,2908,2945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="4">;</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FEDB1822C518B6F1" blockId="11.[279,1226,337,478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FEDB1822C7F0B655" bold="true" box="[279,429,337,378]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">juvenile</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
—the pelagic rafting life stage. The center of dorsal scutes is elevated forming a sharp keel or spine, to approximately 40 cm SLCL.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FED01B6FC59DB588" blockId="11.[283,1221,540,679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FED01B6FC7EBB56D" bold="true" box="[284,438,540,578]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">subadult</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
—from the end of the pelagic rafting stage to the onset of sexual maturity, to 70-90 cm SLCL in females, depending on the population.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FED61B96C40AB48C" blockId="11.[282,1221,741,931]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FED61B96C72BB424" bold="true" box="[282,374,741,779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">adult</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
—attainment of reproductive maturity at>70-90 cm SLCL, depending on population (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FF93FFB8FC6C1A64C278B411" box="[928,1061,791,830]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[287,382,330,369]" captionTargetBox="[277,2220,467,3006]" captionText="Table 7. Carapace lengths (cm) ofnesting loggerhead sea turtles. CL = over the curve measurement; SL straight line measurement; NR = not recorded." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
); the size at sexual maturity for males is assumed to be similar to that of females.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FEB11D67C4C6B314" blockId="11.[381,1163,1044,1183]" box="[381,667,1044,1083]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF93FFB8FEB11D67C4C6B314" box="[381,667,1044,1083]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">1.3 Morphology</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FE041D34C480B3B0" blockId="11.[381,1163,1044,1183]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF93FFB8FE041D34C480B3B0" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">1.3. 1 External/internal morphology and coloration</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FE8E1DAEC417B1BC" blockId="11.[280,1219,1245,1683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
General external loggerhead morphology is described in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE981C7CC4EFB218" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[340,690,1295,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD2D1C7CC571B218" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[737,812,1295,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC961C7CC5F0B218" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[858,941,1295,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC121C7CC2E8B218" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[990,1205,1295,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED51C31C511B246" author="Loveridge, A. & E. E. Williams" box="[281,844,1346,1385]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="163 - 557" refId="ref83207" refString="Loveridge, A., and E. E. Williams. 1957. Revision of the African tortoises and turtles of the suborder Cryptodira. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115: 163 - 557." type="journal article" year="1957">Loveridge and Williams (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCBC1C31C2ECB246" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[880,1201,1346,1385]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED01C07C732B2B4" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[284,367,1396,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE501C07C52BB2B4" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[412,886,1396,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Hughes (19746),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED51CD5C4E2B2E2" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[281,703,1446,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD121CD5C238B2E2" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[734,1125,1446,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED41CABC575B2D0" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[280,808,1496,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Good illustrations are found in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE011F79C56AB11E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[461,823,1546,1585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC931F79C2E9B11E" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[863,1204,1546,1585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED41F4FC462B14D" author="Marquez, R." box="[280,575,1596,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref84324" refString="Marquez, R. 1978 a. Sea turtles, in W. Fischer (ed.), FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, western central Atlantic (fishing area 31), Vol. 6, UN / FAO, Rome, Italy." type="journal volume" year="1978">Marquez (1978a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD641F4FC2E9B14D" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[680,1204,1596,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. See section 1.2.1.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FE8C1FA3C7D3BF30" blockId="11.[278,1222,1744,2079]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">The identification ofloggerhead subspecies was based on alleged morphological differences in the number of neurals and marginal scutes between western Atlantic and other populations (section 1.2.3). The following section will cover references on morphometric data, coloration, photographs, geographic locations, and size classes.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FEF3112EC0D9B219" blockId="11.[276,1216,2141,3028]" lastBlockId="11.[1271,2212,338,1334]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
Morphometric measurements of loggerheads are presented in the following sources:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCAA11E3C2EFBF98" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[870,1202,2192,2231]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED511B1C739BFC7" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[281,356,2242,2280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE4911B1C785BFC7" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[389,472,2242,2280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Sri Lanka, hatchlings, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED91180C781BE34" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[277,476,2291,2331]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Solomon Island, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC291180C2ECBE34" author="Fahy, W. E." box="[997,1201,2291,2331]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="157 - 158" refId="ref72577" refString="Fahy, W. E. 1954. Loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, from North Carolina. Copeia 1954: 157 - 158." type="journal article" year="1954">Fahy (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, North Carolina, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD7F1056C243BE62" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[691,1054,2341,2381]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE191024C487BE51" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[469,730,2391,2430]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Carolina, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE5810FAC556BE9F" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[404,779,2441,2480]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68777" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, and L. H. Ogren. 1959 *. Nesting and migration of the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 295 - 308." type="journal article" year="1959">
|
||
|
|
Caldwell et al. (1959
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FD3410FAC556BE9F" box="[760,779,2441,2480]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">a</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Georgia, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FED910C9C41ABECE" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[277,583,2490,2529]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" journalOrPublisher="Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei." pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="287 - 302" part="25" refId="ref68526" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 b. Comments on the nesting behavior of Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles, based primarily on tagging returns. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 25: 287 - 302." title="Comments on the nesting behavior of Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles, based primarily on tagging returns" type="journal article" year="1962">Caldwell (1962b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FBC410C9C7DDBD3C" author="Nishimura, S." pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Japan, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD28109FC21DBD3C" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[740,1088,2540,2579]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, hatchlings, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCAB136DC722BD59" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, hatchlings, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FB90133CC781BD87" author="Kaufmann, R." pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE3713F1C419BD87" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[507,580,2690,2728]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19756), Colombia, hatchlings, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FE7E13C0C4E9BDF4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[434,692,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">
|
||
|
|
Hughes (1970
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FD6A13C0C4E9BDF4" box="[678,692,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">a</emphasis>
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD1A13C0C543BDF4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[726,798,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCE813C0C5FCBDF4" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[804,929,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FCE813C0C565BDF4" box="[804,824,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">d</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
, 1972
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC0913C0C27FBDF4" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[965,1058,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">
|
||
|
|
1974
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FBC213C0C27FBDF4" box="[1038,1058,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">b</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FB8913C0C2F7BDF4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1093,1194,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref78530" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1975 a. The marine turtles ofTongaland, VIII. Lammergeyer 22: 9 - 18." type="journal article" year="1975">
|
||
|
|
1975
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FB5413C0C2F7BDF4" box="[1176,1194,2739,2779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">a</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), South Africa, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCF01397C2ECBC22" author="Gallagher, R. M. & M. L. Hollinger & R. M. Ingle & C. R. Futch" box="[828,1201,2788,2829]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref75191" refString="Gallagher, R. M., M. L. Hollinger, R. M. Ingle, and C. R. Futch. 1972. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1971. Fla. Dep. Nat. Resour. Mar. Res. Lab. Spec. Sei. Rep. No. 37, 11 pp." type="book" year="1972">Gallagher et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FD041264C246BC11" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[712,1051,2839,2878]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Europe (strandings), juveniles, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FC22123BC7A9BC8E" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FBE31209C726BCFB" author="Graham, S." pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Maryland, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FCDA12DEC2EDBCFB" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[790,1200,2989,3028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9781821CECAB657" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1716,2199,338,376]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F97F18F6CECAB684" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1715,2199,389,427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9B318C4C1DAB6F1" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1663,1927,439,478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FABA1899C0D4B53E" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1398,1673,490,529]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">
|
||
|
|
Ehrhart (1979
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9B01899C151B53E" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" box="[1660,1804,490,529]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">c, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Florida, hatchlings, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9F61B6FC14CB56C" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1594,1809,540,579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Oman, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FB361B3DC009B559" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1274,1620,590,630]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref93858" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1980. Body depth: an indicator of morphological variation among nesting groups of adult loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 14: 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">Stoneburner (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, North Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9551BF3CE5FB588" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1689,2050,640,679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Greece, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FA011BC0C1AAB5F5" author="Mendonca, M. T. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1485,2039,691,730]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="161 - 167" part="1982" refId="ref84993" refString="Mendonca, M. T., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1982. Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. Copeia 1982: 161 - 167." title="Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida" type="journal article" year="1982">Mendonca and Ehrhart (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9FF1B95C15BB422" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1587,1798,742,781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="336 - 341" refId="ref77416" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1982. Weight and length relationships of some adult marine turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. 32: 336 - 341." type="journal article" year="1982">Hirth (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adults, regression oflog [length] versus log [carapace length];
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F7F41A6BC3A6B45D" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F8571A38CECBB45D" author="Frazier, J." box="[1947,2198,843,882]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Uruguay and Argentina, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F83B1A0DC3F7B4F8" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Queensland, hatchlings, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FB351A90C06CB325" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1273,1585,995,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Greece, hatchlings, adult females;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FB351D66C3AAB313" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1273,1527,1045,1084]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Queensland and Papua New Guinea, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9F81D34C14BB341" author="Mapes, J." box="[1588,1814,1095,1134]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="8 - 9" refId="ref83977" refString="Mapes, J. 1985. Loggerhead conservation on Florida's west coast. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 33: 8 - 9." type="journal article" year="1985">Mapes (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females; Carr (19866), Oceanic (in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8F9771D0AC105B38E" box="[1723,1880,1145,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
lines), Azores, and Baleares Islands, juveniles;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F9031DD8CEC8B3FD" author="Meylan, A. B. & S. Sadove" box="[1743,2197,1195,1234]" journalOrPublisher="New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" pagination="7 - 8" part="37" refId="ref85207" refString="Meylan, A. B., and S. Sadove. 1986. Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound, New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 37: 7 - 8." title="Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound" type="journal article" year="1986">Meylan and Sadove (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, New York, subadults; and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F8EC1DADCEC8B22B" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1824,2197,1246,1284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult females.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FAEC1C06C010BE34" blockId="11.[1268,2210,1397,2331]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
The loggerhead's carapace and plastron undergo substantial changes after hatching. Growth is allometric. Hatchlings have three dorsal keels on a roughly heartshaped carapace and there are two longitudinal ridges on the plastron which disappear with age. In both hatchlings and juveniles, the vertebral scutes are wider than long, but as the turtle grows, the length increases relatively greater than the width. Eventually, vertebrals II through IV become longer than their width, although the increase in length does not occur simultaneously in all scutes or at the same rate (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F8EE1E15CE03B0A3" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1826,2142,1894,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). A reversal of the length-to-width ratio is rare in vertebrals I and V, although it has been observed. Juvenile vertebrals are keeled with a knob-like process on the posterior portion of each keel (it is most distinct on the anterior vertebrals). By 35.0 cm SLCL, the knobs generally disappear although the keels are still present, and by 58.0 cm SLCL the keels also disappear (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8FACE1186C061BE34" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1282,1596,2293,2331]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FAD0101ACEC6BEED" blockId="11.[1267,2206,2409,2498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
An account of hatchling and adult coloration of Indian Ocean loggerheads follows (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF93FFB8F8F010E8CED7BEED" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1852,2186,2459,2498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">Deraniyagala 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
):
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FB3E137DC325BDD4" blockId="11.[1266,2206,2574,2811]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FB3E137DC3C3BD1A" bold="true" box="[1266,1438,2574,2613]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">hatchling</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
—head reddish-brown dorsally; beaks and cheeks dark brown; neck yellow-ochre with dark neural band; carapace reddish-brown and darker between ridges; plastron lighter than carapace with diffuse dark margin.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF93FFB8FB3E1239CE01BCFA" blockId="11.[1265,2205,2890,3029]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF93FFB8FB3E1239C31DBC48" box="[1266,1344,2890,2919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="-2">adult</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
—reddish-brown dorsally with diffuse yellow lateral band extending along head and merging into yellow of neck; orbits dark; plastron pale orange.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBFFEEB183BC5B1B68B" blockId="12.[295,1235,328,420]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFEEB183BC420B65C" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[295,637,328,371]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided additional notes on coloration of hatchlings and an adult female.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBFFE9C1893C28CB218" blockId="12.[295,1238,480,1335]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
According to
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFDFA1893C51EB525" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[566,835,480,522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, there is a considerable range of variation in coloration in loggerhead hatchlings from South Carolina, even within the same clutch. The carapace is described as a yellowish buff through all shades of brown to gray-black. The coloration is not uniform, and is usually lighter on the margins of the carapace. The plastron varies from creamy white through gray-black mottled with white. Prominent points on the plastron are lighter than the grooved or flat areas. In South Africa,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFCDD1ADBC27FB4FE" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[785,1058,936,977]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described hatchling coloration as plain gray-brown when dry, and pale red-brown when wet. The underparts are dark brown, but the plastral shields are lighter in tone. By the time the turtle reaches 10 cm SLCL, the color is predominantly red-brown with streaking in either light or dark brown.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD871DAFC587B22B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[587,986,1244,1284]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed three hatchlings that range from light brown to nearly black.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBFFE9C1C07C4C8B0DD" blockId="12.[294,1237,1396,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
The carapace of loggerhead adults in the western Atlantic is also reddish-brown, but it may be tinged with olive, and the scutes are sometimes bordered in yellow. The bridge and plastron are yellow to cream-colored. The head is reddish to yellow-brown and the scales often are bordered in yellow. The jaws are yellow-brown, and the limbs and tail are dark centrally with yellow borders. The underside of the throat, limbs, and tail are also yellowish (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFE2B1E70C5FAB004" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[487,935,1795,1835]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In Tongaland, South Africa, a streaked carapace is more common than a plain red-brown carapace (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFCD91E14C24DB0A1" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[789,1040,1895,1934]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Streaking has also been recorded in the Sri Lankan
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF94FFBFFBA61EEAC4D6B0DD" authority="(Deraniyagala 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF94FFBFFBA61EEAC289B090" box="[1130,1236,1945,1983]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFEF91EBFC4D9B0DD" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[309,644,1996,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBFFE83115DC454BD84" blockId="12.[292,1236,2094,2731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
Albinism has been reported in embryos and hatchlings from Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD401113C571BFA8" author="Lee, D. S." box="[652,812,2144,2183]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="172 - 173" refId="ref81609" refString="Lee, D. S. 1969. Albinism in Caretta embryos. Fla. Nat. 42: 172 - 173." type="journal article" year="1969">Lee 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFC821113C257BFA8" author="Pond, R. F." box="[846,1034,2144,2183]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref88321" refString="Pond, R. F. 1972. The white sea turtle. Int. Turtle Tortoise Soc. J. 6 (3): 6 - 8, 34. Pope, C. H. 1939. Turtles of the U. S. and Canada. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 343 pp." type="journal article" year="1972">Pond 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFBE21113C728BF97" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFE5A11E1C4BCBF97" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[406,737,2194,2232]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFCCE11E1C721BFC4" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), North Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD1811B7C5FDBFC4" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[724,928,2244,2283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), South Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFEF81186C46ABE33" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[308,567,2293,2332]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFCA41186C299BE33" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[872,1220,2293,2332]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFEEB1054C486BE61" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[295,731,2343,2382]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFC331054C29EBE61" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1023,1219,2343,2382]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFEEB102AC477BEAF" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[295,554,2393,2432]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Cranial abnormalities are often associated with albinism (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD2C10F8C58FBE9D" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[736,978,2443,2482]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFC2210F8C729BECB" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFE5D10CEC51DBECB" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[401,832,2493,2532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFC9010CEC24DBECB" author="Pond, R. F." box="[860,1040,2493,2532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref88321" refString="Pond, R. F. 1972. The white sea turtle. Int. Turtle Tortoise Soc. J. 6 (3): 6 - 8, 34. Pope, C. H. 1939. Turtles of the U. S. and Canada. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 343 pp." type="journal article" year="1972">Pond 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFBE110CEC729BD39" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFE57109CC437BD39" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[411,618,2543,2582]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) although albinism per se is not necessarily lethal. One albinistic or amelanic adult female has been reported to nest in Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFB831320C7A4BD84" author="Limpus, CJ & K. Miller & E. MacLachlan" firstAuthor="Limpus" journalOrPublisher="Herpetol. Rev." pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="6" part="10" refId="ref82533" refString="Limpus, CJ., K. Miller, and E. MacLachlan. 1979 b. A record of a breeding amelanic loggerhead turtle. Herpetol. Rev. 10 (1): 6." title="A record of a breeding amelanic loggerhead turtle" type="journal volume" year="1979">Limpus et al. 1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBFFE82139BC115B417" blockId="12.[291,1233,2792,3031]" lastBlockId="12.[1288,2235,328,824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
Color descriptions of the loggerhead are presented in the following sources:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD571268C5B8BC6E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[667,997,2843,2881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFBCF1268C210BC6E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1027,1101,2843,2881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFBA71268C2E1BC6E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1131,1212,2843,2881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Sri Lanka, hatchlings, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFC34123EC29EBC5C" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1016,1219,2893,2931]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFD0B120CC595BC8A" author="Stebbins, R. C." box="[711,968,2943,2981]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref93613" refString="Stebbins, R. C. 1954. Amphibians and reptiles of western North America. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York." type="book" year="1954">Stebbins (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western North America, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFCC912C3C5ACBCF8" author="Villiers, A." box="[773,1009,2992,3031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, west Africa, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA5D183BC0F5B65E" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1425,1704,328,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Carolina, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAC51809C0A8B68C" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1289,1781,378,419]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, United States, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAC618DEC075B6F9" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[1290,1576,429,470]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAC418ACC057B526" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[1288,1546,479,521]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref69691" refString="Cogger, H. G. 1983 a. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Third edition. Reed Books Pty. Ltd., Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Cogger (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia, hatchlings, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF7D418ACC0DDB513" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, hatchlings, subadults, adults; and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF9531B36C1DAB542" author="Fretey, J." box="[1695,1927,581,621]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">Fretey (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mediterranean, hatchlings, adults. Note, however, that the color description given by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA361BD9C101B5FC" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1530,1884,682,723]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
is a combination of color characters for
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF94FFBFF99A1BAEC0E6B42B" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1622,1723,733,772]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF94FFBFF99A1BAEC0E6B42B" box="[1622,1723,733,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF94FFBFF8C31BAEC19BB42B" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1807,1990,733,772]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF94FFBFF8C31BAEC19BB42B" box="[1807,1990,733,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
which he considered synonymous at the time.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF94FFBEFAFE1A06C22EBF98" blockId="12.[1285,2235,885,3031]" lastBlockId="13.[282,1234,339,2231]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1">
|
||
|
|
Photographs illustrating general external morphology and color of loggerheads are presented in the following sources:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA511AA8C026B32A" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1437,1659,987,1029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, North Carolina, nesting female, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA161D7DC0BFB318" author="McAtee. W. L" box="[1498,1762,1038,1079]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="21 - 22" refId="ref84576" refString="McAtee. W. L. 1934. The loggerhead. Nature Mag. 3 (l): 21 - 22." type="journal article" year="1934">McAtee (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia, frontal view of nesting female; Pope (1939), western Atlantic, dorsolateral and plastral views of subadult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8191D06CEF5B3B2" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[2005,2216,1141,1181]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, dorsolateral view of adult female, plastron and head of adult, carapace of juvenile and subadult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA7E1C7DC0E0B219" author="Willgohs, J. F." box="[1458,1725,1294,1334]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref96379" refString="Willgohs, J. F. 1952. Common loggerhead Caretta caretta (Linne) stranded in western Norway with some remarks on its specific diagnosis. Univ. Bergen Arbok Naturvitensk. Rekke No. 17, 8 pp." type="book" year="1952">Willgohs (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Norway, adult carapace and plastron;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA641C33C0DFB247" author="Wood, F. G." box="[1448,1666,1344,1384]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="184 - 186" refId="ref96788" refString="Wood, F. G. 1953. Mating behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta caretta. Copeia 1953: 184 - 186." type="journal article" year="1953">Wood (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, captive adults, copulating;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF7AD1C33C329B2B4" author="Roze, J. A." pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref90692" refString="Roze, J. A. 1956. La herpetofauna de las islas Los Roques y La Orchila. Pages 79 - 86 in El Archipelago de Los Roques y La Orchila, Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, Caracas." type="book" year="1956">Roze (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Islas Los Roques, subadult carapace;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF7F51C01C329B2E2" author="Villiers, A." pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, west Africa, head, carapace, plastron, frontal view, hatchling;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF9E31CA5C11DB2D1" author="U. S. Dep" box="[1583,1856,1494,1534]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref68435" refString="Caldwell. D. K. 1960. Sea turtles of the United States U. S. Dep. Int., Fish. Leafl. 492, 20 pp." type="journal volume" year="1960">Caldwell (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, United States, head of hatchling, carapace and plastron of hatchlings and subadults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA0D1F48C11BB14C" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1473,1862,1595,1635]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAA31F1EC024B1BA" author="McCann. C" box="[1391,1657,1645,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, New Zealand, juvenile, subadult [Note: Plate IV, No. 3, purporting to be a loggerhead is actually an olive ridley];
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8DF1FA2CE7CB1D7" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1811,2081,1745,1784]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="43 - 44" refId="ref67715" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1968 a. Protection for a rookery. Bundaberg sea turtles. Wildl. Aust. 5 (2): 43 - 44." type="journal article" year="1968">Bustard (1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19686,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAC01E71C333B005" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1292,1390,1794,1834]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref67776" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1969 a. Queensland protects sea turtles. Oryx 10: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1969">
|
||
|
|
1969
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA901E71C385B005" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1372,1496,1794,1834]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">a, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Australia, nesting female, head of nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA6D1E47C0C6B073" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr." box="[1441,1691,1844,1884]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref81416" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. 1969. The marine turtles of Sanibel and Captiva islands, Florida. Sanibel-Captiva Conserv. Found. Spec. Publ. No. 1." type="book" year="1969">LeBuff (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, hatchlings, nesting adult, head of nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8CA1E15C182B0A2" author="Flores, C." box="[1798,2015,1894,1933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref72949" refString="Flores, C. 1969. Notas sobre reptiles acuaticos de Venezuela y su importancia economica. Lagena 21 - 22: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1969">Flores (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Venezuela, subadult (?) carapace and plastron;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8581EEBCEFAB0EF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1940,2215,1944,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mozambique, female on beach;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8571EB9CEFAB0DE" author="Frazier, J." box="[1947,2215,1994,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Seychelles, adult head and carapace;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8B71E8FC38FBF7A" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rua (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Cuba, frontal view of adult, subadult, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA2D112CC0ADBFA8" author="Abascal, J." box="[1505,1776,2143,2183]" journalOrPublisher="Mar y Pesca (Sept.)" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref64095" refString="Abascal, J. 1971. fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas? Mar y Pesca (Sept.): 20 - 27." title="fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas?" type="book chapter" year="1971">Abascal (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Cuba, adult in water (cover), nesting;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF9EE11E2C128BF96" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1570,1909,2193,2233]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia, nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA4111B0C166BFC5" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1421,1851,2243,2282]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, United States, dorsolateral view of subadult and nesting female, adult plastron, adult head, hatchling;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF8991054CEFBBE62" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1877,2214,2343,2381]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Europe, dorsal and lateral views of subadults, vertebral keels;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAB810F8C029BE9D" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1396,1652,2443,2482]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia, nesting female, adult head;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFABB10CEC02CBECB" author="Uchida, I." box="[1399,1649,2493,2532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref95067" refString="Uchida, I. 1973. Pacific loggerhead turtle - and its mysterious oceanic life. Anima 1 (3): 5 - 17 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1973">Uchida (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Japan, frontal and lateral view of head, nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF967109CC1E8BD39" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1707,1973,2543,2582]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, dorsal view of hatchling, barnacles on hatchlings and subadults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA711320C09FBD55" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[1469,1730,2643,2682]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, female in surf;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFACA13F7C3BBBD84" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1286,1510,2692,2731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, hatchlings, juveniles, subadults, adults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF98413C5C172BDF2" author="Massa" box="[1608,1839,2742,2781]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="789 - 804" refId="ref84454" refString="Massa. B. 1974. Appunti sulla biogeografia delle isole Egadi. Universero (Flor.) 54: 789 - 804." type="journal article" year="1974">Massa (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mediterranean, subadult (?);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA7D139BC0CABC3F" author="Fretey, J." box="[1457,1687,2792,2832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="10 - 21" refId="ref74346" refString="Fretey, J. 1976. Les tortues marines de Guyane Frangaise. Courr. Nat. 41: 10 - 21." type="journal article" year="1976">Fretey (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, French Guiana (?), female on beach;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA4C1268C02BBC6E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1408,1654,2843,2881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref78670" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1977. Sea turtles: a guide. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. 24 pp." type="book" year="1977">Hughes (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Africa, head and carapace of nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF986123EC1CABC5B" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[1610,1943,2893,2932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref64533" refString="Anonymous. 1977. National monument: the loggerhead turtle. Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)." title="National monument: the loggerhead turtle" type="book" year="1977">Anonymous (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Japan, nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFA5E120CC0CCBC8A" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1426,1681,2943,2981]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref82199" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1978. The reef: uncertain land of plenty. Pages 187 - 222 in HJ. Lavery (ed.), Exploration north, a natural history of Queensland. Richmond Hill Press, Richmond, Victoria, Australia." type="book" year="1978">Limpus (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia, adults underwater;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFFAC912C3C3AABCF8" author="Seyfert, F." box="[1285,1527,2992,3031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" pagination="19 - 22" refId="ref92433" refString="Seyfert, F. 1978. The plight of the loggerhead. Sea Frontiers 24 (l): 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Seyfert (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, dead adult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF94FFBFF84F12C3CEFEBCF8" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1923,2211,2992,3031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="-1" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Lampedusa Island, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC421820C29DB655" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[910,1216,339,378]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, adults nesting, swimming and copulating, hatchling swimming;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC9818CBC262B6CF" author="Rudloe, J." box="[852,1087,440,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida (?), adults swimming and on beach, copulating pair;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFEE81B6DC7B4B569" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="University Presses of Florida, Gainesville, FL" box="[292,489,542,582]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="258" refId="ref68999" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1979. The windward road. 1979 reissue, University Presses of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 258 pp." title="The windward road. 1979 reissue" type="book" year="1979">Carr (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, frontal view of subadult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFEE91B23C406B556" author="Nutaphand, W." box="[293,603,592,633]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref86764" refString="Nutaphand, W. 1979. The turtles ofThailand. SIAMFARM Zoological Garden, Bangkok, Thailand." type="book" year="1979">Nutaphand (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Thailand, hatchling, head ofhatchling;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE451BF0C4C3B584" author="Sengoku, S." box="[393,670,643,683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref92378" refString="Sengoku, S. 1979. A photographic guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Japan (In Japanese)." type="book" year="1979">Sengoku (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Japan, adult female nesting;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFEE81BC6C44CB5F2" author="Lipske, M." box="[292,529,693,733]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="380 - 385" refId="ref82954" refString="Lipske, M. 1979. The loggerhead coast. Defenders 54 (6): 380 - 385." type="journal article" year="1979">Lipske (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia, frontal view of adult, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE5D1B94C436B420" author="Stone, L." box="[401,619,743,783]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="37 - 41" refId="ref93805" refString="Stone, L. 1979. The loggerhead and his friends: time for the turtle. Oceans Mag. 12: 37 - 41." type="journal article" year="1979">Stone (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, close-up of head, female nesting;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE7C1A6AC569B46E" author="Behler, J. L. & F. W. King" box="[432,820,793,833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref65850" refString="Behler, J. L., and F. W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society field guide to North American reptiles & amphibians. Alfred A. Knopf, NY, 719 pp." type="book" year="1979">Behler and King (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, adult on beach;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFB941A6AC7A8B45B" author="Martof. B. S .. & W. M. Palmer. Jr & J. R. Bailey & R. Harrison" bookContentInfo="University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref84406" refString="Martof. B. S .. W. M. Palmer. Jr .. J. R. Bailey, andJ. R. Harrison, III. 1980. Amphibians and reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill." title="Amphibians and reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia" type="book" year="1980">Martof et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Virginia, dorsolateral view of subadult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFEEE1A0DC461B488" author="Patnaude, D." box="[290,572,894,935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref87837" refString="Patnaude, D. 1980. Loggerhead turtle - Cocoa Beach, Florida. Underwater Nat. 12 (2): 17." type="journal volume" year="1980">Patnaude (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, juvenile swimming;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFB9D1A0DC7D1B4F6" author="Rudloe, J." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="60 - 64" refId="ref90818" refString="Rudloe, J. 1981. From the jaws of death. Sports Illust. 54 (13): 60 - 64, 66 - 68, 70." type="journal article" year="1981">Rudloe (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, plastron, mutilated adults and subadults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE651A90C4E5B324" author="Freiberg, M." box="[425,696,995,1035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref74301" refString="Freiberg, M. 1981. Turtles of South America. T. F. H. Publications Ltd., Neptune, NJ 125 pp." type="book" year="1981">Freiberg (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, swimming adult;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE591D65C4C2B311" author="Garmon, L." box="[405,671,1046,1086]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref75291" refString="Garmon, L. 1981. Tortoise marsh wallow? Science News 119 (14) [Apr.]: 217." type="journal volume" year="1981">Garmon (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia, adult nesting;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFBAF1D65C720B35F" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE6A1D3BC7A4B35F" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & J. D. Miller" box="[422,505,1096,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref82769" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, and J. D. Miller. 1985. Temperature dependent sex determination in Queensland sea turtles: Intraspecific variation in Caretta caretta. Pages 343 - 351 in G. Grigg, R. Shine, and H. Ehrmann (eds.), Biology of Australasian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty Pty. Ltd., Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Australia, developmental stages, malformed embryos;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFDA11D08C572B38D" author="Sella, I." box="[621,815,1147,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä), Israel, carapace of subadults;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE2C1DDFC526B3FC" author="Timko, R. E. & L. Kolz" box="[480,891,1196,1235]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="19 - 24" refId="ref94801" refString="Timko, R. E., and L. Kolz. 1982. Satellite sea turtle tracking. Mar. Fish. Rev. 44: 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="1982">Timko and Kolz (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mississippi, adult swimming;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE371DADC7D5B218" author="Demetropoulos, A. & M. Hadjichristophorou" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref70851" refString="Demetropoulos, A., and M. Hadjichristophorou. 1982. Turtle conservation in Cyprus. Biol. Soc. Cyprus Bull. 2: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1982">Demetropoulos and Hadjichristophorou (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Cyprus, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFD3B1C63C59BB218" author="Stone, L." box="[759,966,1296,1335]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="32 - 36" refId="ref93831" refString="Stone, L. 1983. By the dark of the moon. Fla. Wildl. (July / August): 32 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1983">Stone (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, head, carapace of nesting females, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC731C31C2E0B246" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[959,1213,1346,1385]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref69691" refString="Cogger, H. G. 1983 a. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Third edition. Reed Books Pty. Ltd., Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Cogger (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia, nesting female, hatchling;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC771C07C7D7B2E2" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, adult carapace and plastron, juvenile swimming, hatchling carapace and plastron;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFED31F78C444B11D" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[287,537,1547,1586]" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Res. Bull." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="1 - 43" part="278" refId="ref85129" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1983. Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 278: 1 - 43." title="Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles" type="book chapter" year="1983">Meylan (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Lesser Antilles, subadult carapace and plastron;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE731F4EC5E7B14C" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[447,954,1597,1635]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, adult swimming, nesting female, adult head, hatchling head, adults in courtship and copulating;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFBB51FD2C7DBB1D7" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref69029" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1984. So excellent a fishe. Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp." title="So excellent a fishe." type="book" year="1984">Carr (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, western Atlantic, juvenile plastron;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC301FA1C7C7B005" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">Anonymous (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Japan, adults, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC0A1E77C2E7B005" author="Rouse, N." box="[966,1210,1796,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="281 - 283" refId="ref90617" refString="Rouse, N. 1984. Buried alive! Sea Frontiers 30: 281 - 283." type="journal article" year="1984">Rouse (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult in mud;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFD781E46C5E1B074" author="Downey, K. E." box="[692,956,1845,1883]" journalOrPublisher="Defenders" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="4 - 7" part="59" refId="ref72263" refString="Downey, K. E. 1984. Florida's turtle watch. Defenders 59 (4): 4 - 7." title="Florida's turtle watch" type="journal article" year="1984">Downey (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult head, posterior carapace, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFC441E14C7DBB090" author="Ashton, R. E., Jr. & andP. S. Ashton" bookContentInfo="Windward Publ. Inc., Miami, FL, 191 pp." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref64800" refString="Ashton, R. E., Jr., andP. S. Ashton. 1985. Handbook of Reptiles and Amphibians of Florida. Part 2. Lizards, Turtles & Crocodilians. Windward Publ. Inc., Miami, FL, 191 pp." title="Handbook of Reptiles and Amphibians of Florida. Part 2. Lizards, Turtles & Crocodilians" type="book" year="1985">Ashton and Ashton (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida, adult female in surf, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFB941EEBC7D3B0DF" author="Bearse, L." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref65825" refString="Bearse, L. 1985. Loggerheads mate off Cape Hatteras. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 34: 8 (Photograph only)." type="journal volume" year="1985">Bearse (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Gulf Stream in North Carolina, adults copulating;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE561E88C4F6BF0D" author="Salvador, A." box="[410,683,2043,2082]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref90990" refString="Salvador, A. 1985. Guia de campo de los anfibios y reptiles de la Peninsula Iberica, Islas Baleares y Canarias. Unigraf, S. A. Fuenlabrada, Madrid." type="book" year="1985">Salvador (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mediterranean, adult, hatchlings;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFE40115EC42BBF7B" author="Fretey, J." box="[396,630,2093,2132]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">Fretey (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mediterranean, nesting female;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFED0112DC45ABFAA" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[284,519,2142,2181]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, pelagic, hatchlings, juveniles; Carr (19866), pelagic, juvenile carapace and plastron.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBEFE881187C508BD69" blockId="13.[281,1225,2292,2630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
There have been few studies of the internal anatomy of the loggerhead sea turtle. Much of the early literature is obscure and published in German, such as
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFED010F9C4EABE9E" author="Schimkewitsch, W." box="[284,695,2442,2481]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref91301" refString="Schimkewitsch, W. 1910. Lehrbuch der vergleichenden anatomie der Wirbeltiere. Schweitzerbart., Stuttgart., 652 pp." type="book" year="1910">Schimkewitsch's (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
general anatomical account, which perhaps accounts for this oversight. A reference to the literature on the descriptive morphology of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEFED7136CC7F0BD69" box="[283,429,2591,2630]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEFED7136CC7F0BD69" box="[283,429,2591,2630]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is provided in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FF95FFBEFD08136CC51ABD69" box="[708,839,2591,2630]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="14.[285,383,331,370]" captionTargetBox="[284,1233,416,2153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 1. Literature summary of papers on the descriptive morphology of Caretta caretta." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" tableUuid="98AA5B85FF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBEFE8E13F0C13FB558" blockId="13.[281,1220,2691,3030]" lastBlockId="13.[1283,2226,339,631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
There are two comprehensive guides to
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEFC3A13F0C29EBD85" box="[1014,1219,2691,2730]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEFC3A13F0C202BD85" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1014,1119,2691,2730]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
-
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
omy presently available.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFD0413C5C5E7BDF2" author="Rainey, W. E." box="[712,954,2742,2781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref89223" refString="Rainey, W. E. 1981. Guide to sea turtle visceral anatomy. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 82, 82 pp." type="journal volume" year="1981">Rainey (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
used black and white photographs to illustrate the locations of organ systems in a juvenile male
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEFD1B126AC560BC6E" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[727,829,2841,2881]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEFD1B126AC560BC6E" box="[727,829,2841,2881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and three other species of sea turtles. Numbers on the photographs correspond to a description of each organ system. Additional information is provided on data that should be recorded from a carcass, tissue sampling methods, and recommendations for dissection.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF92818F6CEF3B683" author="Wolke, R. E. & A. George" box="[1764,2222,389,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref96758" refString="Wolke, R. E., and A. George. 1981. Sea turtle necropsy manual. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 24, 24 pp." type="journal volume" year="1981">Wolke and George (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
presented a guide for conducting necropsies under field conditions. Line drawings supplement a description of dissection methods, and information on fixatives, equipment, and data forms is provided.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBEFAE71BC6CEDDB2E2" blockId="13.[1278,2221,693,1485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
The bones of the shell of the loggerhead are described in detail by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFA081B94C1EAB421" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1476,1975,743,782]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The carapace is illustrated in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF9CE1A6AC10AB46E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1538,1879,793,833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF8BD1A6AC3E1B45B" author="Zangerl, R. & W. D. Turnbull" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="345 - 382" refId="ref97235" refString="Zangerl, R., and W. D. Turnbull. 1955. Procolpochelysgrandaeva (Leidy), an early Carettine sea turtle. Fieldiana Zool. 37: 345 - 382." type="journal article" year="1955">Zangerl and Turnbull (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFA101A3FC081B45B" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1500,1756,844,884]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref97127" refString="Zangerl, R. 1958. Die oligozanen Meerschildkroten von Glaru's Schweiz. Palaeontol. Abh. 73 (3): 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1958">Zangerl (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF8861A3FC39CB489" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; and the plastral bones in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF80A1A0DC331B4F6" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFA4A1AC2C029B4F6" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1414,1652,945,985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref97127" refString="Zangerl, R. 1958. Die oligozanen Meerschildkroten von Glaru's Schweiz. Palaeontol. Abh. 73 (3): 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1958">Zangerl (1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF95F1AC2C0BBB4F6" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1683,1766,945,985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="20585 - 596" refId="ref97209" refString="Zangerl, R. 1980. Patterns of phylogenetic differentiation in the toxochelyid and cheloniid sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20585 - 596." type="book chapter" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF89E1AC2C3E6B324" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The bones in the shell are thick, and the pleurals contact the peripherals by way of free tips at the end of the ribs. The nuchal is large and notched laterally. The neural bones (usually 7- 11) are narrow, forming a continuous series anteriorly; posteriorly they are highly variable. Each neural bone usually has a vertebral centrum attached to the ventral surface. Secondary fragmentation of the neural series has occurred independently several times in the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEF8451C07CE0AB2B5" box="[1929,2135,1396,1434]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cheloniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, including
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEFA5D1CD5C3A7B2E2" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1425,1530,1446,1485]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEFA5D1CD5C3A7B2E2" box="[1425,1530,1446,1485]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF9D51CD5C13CB2E2" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1561,1889,1446,1485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF84E1CD5CE32B2E2" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1922,2159,1446,1485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref97153" refString="Zangerl, R. 1969. The turtle shell. Pages 311 - 339 in C. Gans, A. d'A. Bellairs, and T. S. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 1 (Morphology A). Academic Press, New York. '" type="book" year="1969">Zangerl 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBEFAEB1F78CEFFBFA9" blockId="13.[1275,2216,1547,2182]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
The carapace of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEF9891F78C0F2B11D" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1605,1711,1547,1586]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEF9891F78C0F2B11D" box="[1605,1711,1547,1586]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
normally has two suprapygal bones and a single pygal that is notched posteriorly, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEFA6E1F1CC15EB1B9" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1442,1795,1647,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted up to four suprapygals in some individuals. The shell is very thick at the suprapygal-pygal suture. There are 8 pairs of pleural bones, each with a rib, and usually 12 pairs of peripheral bones (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF95FFBEFAB21E45C3BCB073" box="[1406,1505,1846,1884]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[273,326,973,1015]" captionTargetBox="[1268,2226,336,1600]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 1. Dorsal view of carapace of adult loggerhead (Deraniyagala 1939)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224176/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF9DF1E45C127B073" author="Rhodin, A. G. J. & P. C. H. Pritchard & R. A. Mittermeier" box="[1555,1914,1846,1884]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="369 - 373" refId="ref89750" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J., P. C. H. Pritchard, and R. A. Mittermeier. 1984. The incidence of spinal deformities in marine turtles, with notes on the prevalence of kyphosis in Indonesian Chelonia mydas. Br. J. Herpetol. 6: 369 - 373." type="journal article" year="1984">Rhodin et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
pointed out that previous authors had confused kyphosis with scoliosis in interpreting the spinal deformity section of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF7EE1EEAC338B0DD" author="Coker, R. E." pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref69857" refString="Coker, R. E. 1910. Diversity in the scutes of chelonia. J. Morph. 21: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1910">Coker's (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
paper on
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEF9D41EB8C0D7B0DD" box="[1560,1674,1995,2034]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEF9D41EB8C0DDB0DD" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1560,1664,1995,2034]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Hughes (personal communication) also found a loggerhead with a deformed spine, but misidentified it as an olive ridley. These are the only reported incidences of spinal deformities in the species.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBEFAE811B7C3DBBD35" blockId="13.[1273,2215,2244,2586]" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">The plastron contains nine bones. The hyoplastra and hypoplastra are similar in shape, with interdigitating projections on the anterolateral faces of the hyoplastra and posterolateral faces of the hypoplastra. The epiplastra are reduced, and the entoplastron is elongate. The xiphiplastra are also elongate and nearly straight (Fig- 2).</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF95FFBDFAEF1327C7E6BEAF" blockId="13.[1271,2216,2644,3033]" lastBlockId="14.[283,1227,2294,2432]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">
|
||
|
|
Both the carapace and plastron ofthe loggerhead are heavily keratinized as a protective barrier against attack and the environment. The epidermis contains the pigment cells, and is much thicker on the plastron of the loggerhead compared with that of the green turtle (
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF95FFBEFAC4123DC3A4BC5B" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1288,1529,2894,2932]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF95FFBEFAC4123DC3A4BC5B" box="[1288,1529,2894,2932]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="0">Chelonia mydas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
). The keratin is of the hard variety and assists in reducing frictional drag in water (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF95FFBEF7C312F2C3EBBCE0" author="Solomon, S. E. & J. R. Hendrickson & L. P. Hendrickson" pageId="13" pageNumber="0" pagination="123 - 131" refId="ref93080" refString="Solomon, S. E., J. R. Hendrickson, and L. P. Hendrickson. 1986. The structure of the carapace and plastron ofjuvenile turtles, Chelonia mydas (the green turtle) and Caretta caretta (the loggerhead turtle). J. Anat. 145: 123 - 131." type="journal article" year="1986">Solomon et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors provide photographs of histological preparations of the carapace and epidermis, and a scanning electron microscope photograph of the carapace.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" box="[285,1709,331,370]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" startId="14.[285,383,331,370]" targetBox="[284,1233,416,2153]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="14">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" blockId="14.[285,1709,331,370]" box="[285,1709,331,370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<pageTitle id="8C4AD36AFF96FFBDFED11838C0F0B65D" box="[285,1709,331,370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
Table
|
||
|
|
<pageNumber id="FC7E00DBFF96FFBDFE591838C7FDB65D" ambiguity="2" box="[405,416,331,370]" fuzzyness="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" score="1.0" value="1">1</pageNumber>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF96FFBDFE0B1838C3CFB65D" box="[455,1426,331,370]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Literature summary of papers on the descriptive morphology of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF96FFBDFA501838C0F9B65D" box="[1436,1700,331,370]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</pageTitle>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF96FFBDFED218D3C24BBF46" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF96004CFED018D3C28CBF46" box="[284,1233,416,2153]" colsContinueIn="14.[1280,2233,416,2153]" gridcols="2" gridrows="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED018D3C28CB6E9" box="[284,1233,416,454]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF96004CFED018D3C4FAB6E9" box="[284,679,416,454]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Subject</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF96004CFD2518D3C28CB6E9" box="[745,1233,416,454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01884C28CB6D8" box="[284,1233,503,503]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01884C4FAB565" box="[284,679,503,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Adrenal</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251884C28CB565" box="[745,1233,503,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221884C2F9B535" author="Holmberg, A. D. & F. L. Soler" box="[750,1188,503,538]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="457 - 469" refId="ref77504" refString="Holmberg, A. D., and F. L. Soler. 1942. Some notes on the adrenals. Presence of a united adrenal in a marine tortoise. Cont. Lab. Anat. Physiol., Univ. Buenos Aires 20: 457 - 469, 667 - 675." type="journal article" year="1942">Holmberg and Soler (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFCDE1B57C588B565" author="Gabe, M." box="[786,981,548,586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref75039" refString="Gabe, M. 1970. The adrenal. Pages 263 - 318 in C. Gans (ed.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 3 (Morphology C). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Gabe (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01B20C28CB57C" box="[284,1233,595,595]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01B20C4FAB4C6" box="[284,679,595,1001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Adult morphology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251B20C28CB4C6" box="[745,1233,595,1001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221B20C27FB558" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[750,1058,595,631]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFB8E1B20C2D3B558" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1090,1166,595,631]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFCDF1BF2C591B589" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[787,972,641,678]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Loveridge and Williams (1957); Brongersma (1961, 1972); Ernst and Barbour (1972); Hughes (1974*); Smith and Smith (1980); Pritchard et al. (1983); Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01A81C28CB337" box="[284,1233,1010,1048]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01A81C4FAB337" box="[284,679,1010,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Alimentary canal</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251A81C28CB337" box="[745,1233,1010,1048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD211A81C25AB337" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[749,1031,1010,1048]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01D51C28CB30D" box="[284,1233,1058,1058]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01D51C4FAB389" box="[284,679,1058,1190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Anatomy: general</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251D51C28CB389" box="[745,1233,1058,1190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221D51C219B367" author="Schimkewitsch, W." box="[750,1092,1058,1096]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref91301" refString="Schimkewitsch, W. 1910. Lehrbuch der vergleichenden anatomie der Wirbeltiere. Schweitzerbart., Stuttgart., 652 pp." type="book" year="1910">Schimkewitsch (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Rainey (1981); Wolke and George (1981)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01DC3C28CB3FA" box="[284,1233,1200,1237]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01DC3C4FAB3FA" box="[284,679,1200,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Arteries: cranial</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251DC3C28CB3FA" box="[745,1233,1200,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD211DC3C5B9B3FA" author="Albrecht, P. W." box="[749,996,1200,1237]" journalOrPublisher="J. Morphol." pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="159 - 182" part="149" refId="ref64330" refString="Albrecht, P. W. 1976. The cranial arteries of turtles and their evolutionary significance. J. Morphol. 149: 159 - 182." title="The cranial arteries of turtles and their evolutionary significance." type="journal article" year="1976">Albrecht (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01DADC28CB3F1" box="[284,1233,1246,1246]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01DADC4FAB21C" box="[284,679,1246,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Bone: deformities</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251DADC28CB21C" box="[745,1233,1246,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221DADC5E0B22B" author="Coker, R. E." box="[750,957,1246,1284]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref69857" refString="Coker, R. E. 1910. Diversity in the scutes of chelonia. J. Morph. 21: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1910">Coker (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Rhodin et al. (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01C48C28CB24F" box="[284,1233,1339,1376]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01C48C4FAB24F" box="[284,679,1339,1376]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Bone: growth rings</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251C48C28CB24F" box="[745,1233,1339,1376]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221C48C5B2B24F" author="Zug, G. R. & A. Wynn & C. Ruckdeschel" box="[750,1007,1339,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref97306" refString="Zug, G. R., A. Wynn, and C. Ruckdeschel. 1983. Age estimates of Cumberland Island loggerhead sea turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 25: 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="1983">Zug et al. (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFBDC1C48C208B24F" author="Zug, G. R." box="[1040,1109,1339,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01C19C28CB245" box="[284,1233,1386,1386]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01C19C4FAB293" box="[284,679,1386,1468]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Bone: histology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251C19C28CB293" box="[745,1233,1386,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221C19C58EB2A1" author="Rhodin, A. G. J." box="[750,979,1386,1422]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="752 - 771" refId="ref89724" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J. 1985. Comparative chondro-osseous development and growth of marine turtles. Copeia 1985: 752 - 771." type="journal article" year="1985">Rhodin (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Zug et al. (1986)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01CB6C28CB2C6" box="[284,1233,1477,1513]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01CB6C4FAB2C6" box="[284,679,1477,1513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Brain: weight</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251CB6C28CB2C6" box="[745,1233,1477,1513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
Crisp (1855
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF96FFBDFC7B1CB6C58DB2C6" box="[951,976,1477,1513]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Plate 1, 1979)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01C81C28CB139" box="[284,1233,1522,1558]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01C81C4FAB139" box="[284,679,1522,1558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Choanae</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251C81C28CB139" box="[745,1233,1522,1558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221C81C597B139" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[750,970,1522,1558]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref87611" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1958. The choanal papillae of the Cheloniidae. Breviora No. 85. 7 pp." type="book" year="1958">Parsons (1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFC271C81C272B139" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[1003,1071,1522,1558]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1235 - 1262" refId="ref87634" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1968. Variation in the choanal structure of Recent turtles. Can. J. Zool. 46: 1235 - 1262." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01F6CC28CB16C" box="[284,1233,1567,1603]" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01F6CC4FAB16C" box="[284,679,1567,1603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Cloacal bursae: absence</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251F6CC28CB16C" box="[745,1233,1567,1603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221F6CC22CB16C" author="Smith, H. M. & L. F. James" box="[750,1137,1567,1603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="86 - 96" refId="ref92782" refString="Smith, H. M., and L. F. James. 1958. The taxonomic significance of cloacal bursae in turtles. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sei. 61 (l): 86 - 96." type="journal article" year="1958">Smith and James (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01F3EC28CB162" box="[284,1233,1613,1613]" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01F3EC4FAB009" box="[284,679,1613,1830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Digestive system</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251F3EC28CB009" box="[745,1233,1613,1830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD251F3EC248B15E" author="Jacobshagen, E." box="[745,1045,1613,1649]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 430" refId="ref79411" refString="Jacobshagen, E. 1920. Zur Morphologie des Oberflachenreliefs der Rumpfdarmschleimhaut der Reptilien. Jena. Z. Naturw. 56: 361 - 430." type="journal article" year="1920">Jacobshagen (1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFBF91F3EC2DCB15E" author="Jacobshagen, E." box="[1077,1153,1613,1649]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref79438" refString="Jacobshagen, E. 1937. Mittel und Enddarm (Rumpfdarm). Pages 638 - 654 in L. Bolk, E. Kallius, E. Goppert, and W. Lubosch (eds.), Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere, Urban und Schwarzenberg, Berlin und Vienna, Vol. 3." type="book" year="1937">1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Pernkopf and Lehner (1937); Parsons and Cameron (1977);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFCDE1E71C271B009" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[786,1068,1794,1830]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01E2DC28CB071" box="[284,1233,1886,1886]" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01E2DC4FAB09C" box="[284,679,1886,1971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Digestive tract: histology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251E2DC28CB09C" box="[745,1233,1886,1971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221E2DC59EB0AC" author="Luppa, H." box="[750,963,1886,1923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref83415" refString="Luppa, H. 1977. Histology of the digestive tract. Pages 223 - 313 in C. Gans and T. S. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Luppa (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Thompson (1980)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01EC8C28CB094" box="[284,1233,1979,1979]" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01EC8C4FABF22" box="[284,679,1979,2061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Embryonic morphology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251EC8C28CBF22" box="[745,1233,1979,2061]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221EC8C5E4B0F0" author="Ewert, M. A." box="[750,953,1979,2015]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref72518" refString="Ewert, M. A. 1985. Embryology of turtles. Pages 75 - 267 in C. Gans, F. Billett, and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). John Wiley & Sons, New York." type="book" year="1985">Ewert (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFC1B1EC8C2C7B0F0" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[983,1178,1979,2015]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 1985)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01164C28CBF14" box="[284,1233,2071,2107]" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01164C4FABF14" box="[284,679,2071,2107]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Epidermis/scutes</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251164C28CBF14" box="[745,1233,2071,2107]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD221164C21BBF14" author="Solomon, S. E. & J. R. Hendrickson & L. P. Hendrickson" box="[750,1094,2071,2107]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="123 - 131" refId="ref93080" refString="Solomon, S. E., J. R. Hendrickson, and L. P. Hendrickson. 1986. The structure of the carapace and plastron ofjuvenile turtles, Chelonia mydas (the green turtle) and Caretta caretta (the loggerhead turtle). J. Anat. 145: 123 - 131." type="journal article" year="1986">Solomon et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFED01136C28CBF46" box="[284,1233,2117,2153]" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFED01136C4FABF46" box="[284,679,2117,2153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Eye</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFD251136C28CBF46" box="[745,1233,2117,2153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD211136C24BBF46" author="Underwood, G. L." box="[749,1046,2117,2153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref95308" refString="Underwood, G. L. 1970. The eye. Pages 1 - 97 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 1 (Morphology A). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Underwood (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF96FFBDFACC18D3CE48BF46" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF96004CFACC18D3CEE4BF46" box="[1280,2233,416,2153]" colsContinueFrom="14.[284,1233,416,2153]" gridcols="2" gridrows="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC18D3CEE4B6E9" box="[1280,2233,416,454]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF96004CFACC18D3C0F6B6E9" box="[1280,1707,416,454]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Subject</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF96004CF91D18D3CEE4B6E9" box="[1745,2233,416,454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1884CEE4B6D8" box="[1280,2233,503,503]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1884C0F6B565" box="[1280,1707,503,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Hatchling morphology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1884CEE4B565" box="[1745,2233,503,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91D1884CE4FB535" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1745,2066,503,538]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF93B1B57C1B2B565" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1783,2031,548,586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1B20CEE4B558" box="[1280,2233,595,631]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1B20C0F6B558" box="[1280,1707,595,631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Heart/pulmonary artery</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1B20CEE4B558" box="[1745,2233,595,631]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1B20C194B558" author="Sapsford, C. W." box="[1746,1993,595,631]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="57 - 62" refId="ref91099" refString="Sapsford, C. W. 1978. Anatomical evidence for intracardiac blood shunting in marine turtles. Zool. Afr. 13: 57 - 62." type="journal article" year="1978">Sapsford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1BF2CEE4B589" box="[1280,2233,641,678]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1BF2C0F6B589" box="[1280,1707,641,678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Innervation: limbs</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1BF2CEE4B589" box="[1745,2233,641,678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1BF2CE02B589" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[1746,2143,641,678]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1BDCCEE4B580" box="[1280,2233,687,687]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1BDCC0F6B400" box="[1280,1707,687,815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Lacrimal glands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1BDCCEE4B400" box="[1745,2233,687,815]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Schmidt-Nielsen and Fange (1958); Abel and Ellis (1966)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1A4BCEE4B417" box="[1280,2233,824,824]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1A4BC0F6B4A3" box="[1280,1707,824,908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Lung</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1A4BCEE4B4A3" box="[1745,2233,824,908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1A4BC1E0B471" author="Rothley, H." box="[1747,1981,824,862]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref90577" refString="Rothley, H. 1930. Uber deu feineren Bau der Luftrohre und lunge der Reptilien. Z. Wiss. Biol. Abr. A. Zeitschr. Morph. Oekol. Tiere 20: 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1930">Rothley (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ludicke (1940)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1AE6CEE4B495" box="[1280,2233,917,954]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1AE6C0F6B495" box="[1280,1707,917,954]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Lung: musculature</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1AE6CEE4B495" box="[1745,2233,917,954]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1AE6C1D2B495" author="Shah, R. V." box="[1747,1935,917,954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref92479" refString="Shah, R. V. 1962. A comparative study of the respiratory muscles in chelonia. Breviora No. 161, 16 pp." type="book" year="1962">Shah (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1AB0CEE4B4EC" box="[1280,2233,963,963]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1AB0C0F6B337" box="[1280,1707,963,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Lymphatic system</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1AB0CEE4B337" box="[1745,2233,963,1048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1AB0C1E1B4C6" author="Panizza, B." box="[1747,1980,963,1001]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref87355" refString="Panizza, B. 1833. Sopra il sistema linfatico dei rettili, ricerche zootomiche. Typographia Fusi, Pavia. Pages 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1833">Panizza (1833)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF8141AB0CEF4B4C6" author="Azzali, G." box="[2008,2217,963,1001]" journalOrPublisher="Ateneo Parmense" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 175" part="29" refId="ref64880" refString="Azzali, G. 1958. Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd). Ateneo Parmense 29 (4): 143 - 175." title="Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd)" type="journal article" year="1958">Azzali (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF9341A81CEF6B337" author="Ottaviani, G. & A. Tazzi" box="[1784,2219,1010,1048]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref87021" refString="Ottaviani, G., and A. Tazzi. 1977. The lymphatic system. Pages 315 - 464 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Ottaviani and Tazzi (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1D51CEE4B30D" box="[1280,2233,1058,1058]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1D51C0F6B358" box="[1280,1707,1058,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Musculature: head</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1D51CEE4B358" box="[1745,2233,1058,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1D51CE3DB367" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[1747,2144,1058,1096]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF9341D22CE75B358" author="Schumacher, G. H." box="[1784,2088,1105,1143]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref91765" refString="Schumacher, G. H. 1973. The head muscles and hyolaryngeal skeleton of turtles and crocodilians. Pages 101 - 199 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1973">Schumacher (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1DF3CEE4B389" box="[1280,2233,1152,1190]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1DF3C0F6B389" box="[1280,1707,1152,1190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Musculature: hyolaryngeal</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1DF3CEE4B389" box="[1745,2233,1152,1190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1DF3CE5EB389" author="Schumacher, G. H." box="[1747,2051,1152,1190]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref91765" refString="Schumacher, G. H. 1973. The head muscles and hyolaryngeal skeleton of turtles and crocodilians. Pages 101 - 199 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1973">Schumacher (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1DC3CEE4B39F" box="[1280,2233,1200,1200]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1DC3C0F6B21C" box="[1280,1707,1200,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Musculature: limbs</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1DC3CEE4B21C" box="[1745,2233,1200,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1DC3C1BAB3FA" author="Sieglbauer, F." box="[1747,2023,1200,1237]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Poglayen-Neuwall (1953); Walker (1973)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1C48CEE4B24F" box="[1280,2233,1339,1376]" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1C48C0F6B24F" box="[1280,1707,1339,1376]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Nose</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1C48CEE4B24F" box="[1745,2233,1339,1376]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1C48C1EEB24F" author="Walker, W. F." box="[1746,1971,1339,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="257 - 259" refId="ref95756" refString="Walker, W. F. 1959. Closure of the nostrils in the Atlantic loggerhead and other sea turtles. Copeia 1959: 257 - 259." type="journal article" year="1959">Walker (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF81D1C48CEE4B24F" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[2001,2233,1339,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref87663" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1970. The nose and Jacobson's organ. Pages 99 - 191 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 2 (Morphology B). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Parsons (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1C19CEE4B2A1" box="[1280,2233,1386,1422]" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1C19C0F6B2A1" box="[1280,1707,1386,1422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Oral cavity</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1C19CEE4B2A1" box="[1745,2233,1386,1422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1C19C1B1B2A1" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[1746,2028,1386,1422]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1CEBCEE4B2B7" box="[1280,2233,1432,1432]" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1CEBC0F6B139" box="[1280,1707,1432,1558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Osteology: general</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1CEBCEE4B139" box="[1745,2233,1432,1558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1CEBCE4EB293" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1747,2067,1432,1468]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Romer (1956); Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1F6CCEE4B130" box="[1280,2233,1567,1567]" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1F6CC0F6B15E" box="[1280,1707,1567,1649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Osteology: limbs</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1F6CCEE4B15E" box="[1745,2233,1567,1649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1F6CC1BAB16C" author="Sieglbauer, F." box="[1747,2023,1567,1603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Walker (1973)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1F09CEE4B155" box="[1280,2233,1658,1658]" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1F09C0F6B1D6" box="[1280,1707,1658,1785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Osteology: shell</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1F09CEE4B1D6" box="[1745,2233,1658,1785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1F09C1F2B1B2" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1747,1967,1658,1693]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref97153" refString="Zangerl, R. 1969. The turtle shell. Pages 311 - 339 in C. Gans, A. d'A. Bellairs, and T. S. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 1 (Morphology A). Academic Press, New York. '" type="book" year="1969">Zangerl (1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF8031F09CE46B1B2" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1999,2075,1658,1693]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="20585 - 596" refId="ref97209" refString="Zangerl, R. 1980. Patterns of phylogenetic differentiation in the toxochelyid and cheloniid sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20585 - 596." type="book chapter" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1E71CEE4B02D" box="[1280,2233,1794,1794]" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1E71C0F6B09C" box="[1280,1707,1794,1971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Osteology: skull</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1E71CEE4B09C" box="[1745,2233,1794,1971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1E71C1CCB009" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1746,1937,1794,1830]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="165 - 225" refId="ref76058" refString="Gray, J. E. 1869. Notes on the families and genera of tortoises (Testudinata), and on the characters afforded by the study of their skulls. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 12: 165 - 225." type="journal article" year="1869">Gray (1869)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Deraniyagala
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF9341E43C104B07B" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1784,1881,1840,1876]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">(1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF8B91E43CE3CB07B" author="Gaffney, E. S." box="[1909,2145,1840,1876]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 376" refId="ref75158" refString="Gaffney, E. S. 1979. Comparative cranial morphology of recent and fossil turtles. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 164: 65 - 376." type="journal article" year="1979">Gaffney (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1EC8CEE4B0F0" box="[1280,2233,1979,2015]" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1EC8C0F6B0F0" box="[1280,1707,1979,2015]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Paraphyseal</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1EC8CEE4B0F0" box="[1745,2233,1979,2015]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1EC8CE39B0F0" author="Owens, D. W. & C. L. Ralph" box="[1746,2148,1979,2015]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref87249" refString="Owens, D. W., and C. L. Ralph. 1978. The pineal-paraphyseal complex of sea turtles I. Light microscopic description. J. Morphol. 158: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Owens and Ralph (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1E99CEE4BF22" box="[1280,2233,2026,2061]" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1E99C0F6BF22" box="[1280,1707,2026,2061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Penis</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1E99CEE4BF22" box="[1745,2233,2026,2061]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1E99C1DDBF22" author="Zug, G. R." box="[1747,1920,2026,2061]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref97269" refString="Zug, G. R. 1966. The penial morphology and the relationships of cryptodiran turtles. Occas. Pap. Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. No. 647, 24 pp." type="book" year="1966">Zug (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1164CEE4BF14" box="[1280,2233,2071,2107]" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1164C0F6BF14" box="[1280,1707,2071,2107]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Pineal</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1164CEE4BF14" box="[1745,2233,2071,2107]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91E1164CE3EBF14" author="Owens, D. W. & C. L. Ralph" box="[1746,2147,2071,2107]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref87249" refString="Owens, D. W., and C. L. Ralph. 1978. The pineal-paraphyseal complex of sea turtles I. Light microscopic description. J. Morphol. 158: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Owens and Ralph (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF96004CFACC1136CEE4BF46" box="[1280,2233,2117,2153]" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CFACC1136C0F6BF46" box="[1280,1707,2117,2153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Red blood cells</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF96004CF91D1136CEE4BF46" box="[1745,2233,2117,2153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF91F1136C1C9BF46" author="Frair, W." box="[1747,1940,2117,2153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 190" refId="ref73180" refString="Frair, W. 1977 a. Turtle red blood cell packed volumes, sizes, and numbers. Herpetologica 33: 167 - 190." type="journal article" year="1977">Frair (1977a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19776)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF96FFA2FE8810CDC7CEB688" blockId="14.[282,1226,2494,3032]" lastBlockId="17.[286,1226,333,423]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
The skull of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF96FFBDFDEE10CDC4EEBECB" box="[546,691,2494,2532]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF96FFBDFDEE10CDC4EEBECB" box="[546,691,2494,2532]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is broad and massive (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF96FFBDFB8710CDC2EEBECB" box="[1099,1203,2494,2532]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[285,340,2947,2989]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 3. A-C Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull ofadult male loggerhead (100 cm CL) from Sanibel Island, FL (Pritchard and Trebbau 1984)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224180/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and anchors the jaw musculature needed to crush mollusk shells.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFDE51351C4A6BD67" author="Gray, J. E." box="[553,763,2594,2632]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="165 - 225" refId="ref76058" refString="Gray, J. E. 1869. Notes on the families and genera of tortoises (Testudinata), and on the characters afforded by the study of their skulls. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 12: 165 - 225." type="journal article" year="1869">Gray (1869)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
compared the skull of the leatherback with other sea turtles and concluded that the differences were such as to place them in different families, the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF96FFBDFE3413CBC486BDF1" box="[504,731,2744,2782]" class="Testudines" family="Sphargididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sphargididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and the Cheloniadae, which included
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF96FFBDFE0E1399C46BBC3F" box="[450,566,2794,2832]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF96FFBDFE0E1399C471BC3F" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[450,556,2794,2832]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
A comprehensive description of the skull is provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFD66126FC245BC6C" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[682,1048,2844,2883]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFB8D126FC7D8BC5B" author="Gaffney, E. S." pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 376" refId="ref75158" refString="Gaffney, E. S. 1979. Comparative cranial morphology of recent and fossil turtles. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 164: 65 - 376." type="journal article" year="1979">Gaffney (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFE38123DC25ABC5B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[500,1031,2894,2932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The skull is illustrated in the following references:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFC07120CC2E6BC89" author="Gadow, H." box="[971,1211,2943,2982]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref75133" refString="Gadow, H. 1901. Amphibia and Reptiles. The Cambridge natural history. MacMillan and Co., Ltd., London." type="book" year="1901">Gadow (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawing of dorsal and ventral view;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFC2E12C1C300BE33" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[994,1373,2293,3032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFAB11186C38CBE33" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1405,1489,2293,2332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), line drawings of dorsolateral and ventral views of skull and lower jaw;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF93B1054C1E2BE61" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1783,1983,2343,2382]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref68900" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1942. Notes on sea turtles. Proc. New England Zool. Club 21: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1942">Carr (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawing of palate;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFA78102AC09CBEAF" author="Cadenat, J." box="[1460,1729,2393,2432]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="16 - 35" refId="ref68270" refString="Cadenat, J. 1949. Notes sur les tortues marines des cotes du Senegal. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 11: 16 - 35." type="journal article" year="1949">Cadenat (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, dorsal, frontal, and lateral photograph of skull;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF99010F8C17DBE9D" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1628,1824,2443,2482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawings of upper palate, lower jaw, and plastral bones;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF86110CECEFCBECB" author="Romer, A. S." box="[1965,2209,2493,2532]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref90392" refString="Romer, A. S. 1956. Osteology of the reptiles. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 772 pp." type="book" year="1956">Romer (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, lateral view of skull;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF9AA109CC101BD39" author="Villiers, A." box="[1638,1884,2543,2582]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, dorsal and ventral photograph of skull and lower jaw;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF87C1352C055BD55" author="Wermuth, H. & R. Mertens" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref95985" refString="Wermuth, H., and R. Mertens. 1961. Schildkroten, Krokodile, Bruckeneschen. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Germany. XXVI + 422 pp." type="book" year="1961">Wermuth and Mertens (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawings of dorsolateral and ventral views;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFA0E13F6C1DBBD83" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1474,1926,2693,2732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, dorsal, ventral, and lateral photographs of skull and lower jaw;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDF79A13C4C3F2BC3E" author="Gaffney, E. S." pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 376" refId="ref75158" refString="Gaffney, E. S. 1979. Comparative cranial morphology of recent and fossil turtles. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 164: 65 - 376." type="journal article" year="1979">Gaffney (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawings of palatal sutures, comparison of symphysis depths, palatal, lateral, and occipital views of skull; and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFA12123EC1BBBC5B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1502,2022,2893,2932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, line drawings of dorsal, lateral, ventral views, and photograph of skull.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF96FFBDFA5212C2C020BCF7" author="Feuer, R. C." box="[1438,1661,2993,3032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1" pagination="69 - 75" refId="ref72728" refString="Feuer, R. C. 1970. Key to the skulls of recent adult North and Central American turtles. J. Herpetol. 4 (l- 2): 69 - 75." type="journal article" year="1970">Feuer (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a key to the skulls of North and Central American turtles, including sea turtles.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF97FFBCFEDD1ABEC422B30E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224176/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="2" startId="15.[273,326,973,1015]" targetBox="[1268,2226,336,1600]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF97FFBCFEDD1ABEC422B30E" blockId="15.[273,1113,973,1057]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 1. Dorsal view of carapace of adult loggerhead (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF97FFBCFE8F1A8FC42DB30E" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[323,624,1020,1057]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF97FFBCFA951057C13ABE5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224178/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="2" startId="15.[1369,1426,2340,2379]" targetBox="[292,1239,1905,3006]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF97FFBCFA951057C13ABE5B" blockId="15.[1369,2208,2340,2420]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 2. Ventral view of plastron of adult loggerhead (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF97FFBCFA461023C105BE5B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1418,1880,2384,2420]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF88FFA3FED112F0C420BCFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224180/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="10" startId="16.[285,340,2947,2989]" targetBox="[284,2218,294,2606]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF88FFA3FED112F0C420BCFE" blockId="16.[285,2220,2947,3025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="10">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 3.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF88FFA3FE5412F0C786BC82" box="[408,475,2947,2989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="10">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull of adult male loggerhead (100 cm CL) from Sanibel Island, FL (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF88FFA3F7ED12F0C433BCFE" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="16" pageNumber="10" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FE8B1890C7ACB2D5" blockId="17.[281,1230,483,1530]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FE8B1890C416B522" author="Gaffney, E. S." box="[327,587,483,525]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="65 - 376" refId="ref75158" refString="Gaffney, E. S. 1979. Comparative cranial morphology of recent and fossil turtles. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 164: 65 - 376." type="journal article" year="1979">Gaffney (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned the following features of the skull of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2FDC41B65C42CB512" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[520,625,534,573]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2FDC41B65C42CB512" box="[520,625,534,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
which, although not necessarily unique to the genus, are different from other groups of turtles: (1) The depressor mandibulae may attach in a trough on the ventrolateral surface of the squamosal, (2) a ridge may develop within the origin area of the depressor mandibulae which reflects the division of the muscle into two heads, (3) the maxillae meet medially between the premaxillae and vomer, (4) serrations or small tubercles may form on the rhamphotheca but not on the maxilla bone, (5) the choana lies some distance behind the posterior termination of the vomer pillar, (6) the vomer contacts the premaxillae on its dorsal surface, but not ventrally, (7) the anterior two foramina on the exoccipital combine so that only two rather than three canals exit the skull for the hypoglossal nerve, and (8) the foramen aquaducti vestibuli is present.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FBED1C79C445B24B" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the presence of the chorda tympani, but
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FE711C1EC4E8B2B9" author="Gaffney, E. S." box="[445,693,1389,1430]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="65 - 376" refId="ref75158" refString="Gaffney, E. S. 1979. Comparative cranial morphology of recent and fossil turtles. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 164: 65 - 376." type="journal article" year="1979">Gaffney (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
was unable to locate the canalis chorda tympani mandibularis or its foramina in any living turtle.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FE8F1F45C24CB0C2" blockId="17.[280,1221,1590,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
The head muscles of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2FD291F45C5DCB173" box="[741,897,1590,1628]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2FD291F45C5DCB173" box="[741,897,1590,1628]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
are reviewed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FED51F1BC49AB1BF" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[281,711,1640,1680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FCD31F1BC23AB1BF" author="Schumacher, G. H." box="[799,1127,1640,1680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref91765" refString="Schumacher, G. H. 1973. The head muscles and hyolaryngeal skeleton of turtles and crocodilians. Pages 101 - 199 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1973">Schumacher (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The following muscles are illustrated by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FC451FE9C7D9B1DA" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: pars media, pars profunda, pars superficialis, M. adductor mandibulae internus pterygoideus, M. depressor mandibulae, M. pseudotemporalis and associated tendons, and M. intramandibularis.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FED41EF1C490B0EE" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[280,717,1922,1985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also provided an illustration of the trigeminal nerve structure in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2FC521EB4C24CB0C2" box="[926,1041,1991,2029]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2FC521EB4C250B0C2" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[926,1037,1991,2029]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FE8E1159C531BCFB" blockId="17.[276,1222,2090,3028]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FE8E1159C4D8BF7E" author="Schumacher, G. H." box="[322,645,2090,2129]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref91765" refString="Schumacher, G. H. 1973. The head muscles and hyolaryngeal skeleton of turtles and crocodilians. Pages 101 - 199 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1973">Schumacher (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
included specific references to the following muscles and cartilages and how they attach in the loggerhead: tendons of the M. adductor mandibulae; pars superficialis of the M. adductor mandibulae externus; M. adductor mandibulae posterior; M. pseudotemporalis; M. intramandibularis (first described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FE341026C5CFBE53" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[504,914,2389,2428]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); pars ventralis of the M. pterygoideus; and cartilago transiliens. The innervation of the trigeminal muscles in the loggerhead are also discussed, and an illustration of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve is included. Further, the following illustrations of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2FD01133CC56BBD5A" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[717,822,2639,2677]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2FD01133CC56BBD5A" box="[717,822,2639,2677]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
head musculature are provided: dorsal view ofhead with temporal roof partly resected and muscle fibers removed, basal view of external tendon, lateral view of M. adductor mandibulae externus, and lateral view of left temporal fossa after resection of temporal roof and removal of M. adductor mandibulae externus. Loggerheads lack pterygoid muscles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FE7412DDC501BCFB" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[440,860,2990,3028]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FAE4183EC1BEB55E" blockId="17.[1277,2222,333,625]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FAE4183EC032B65A" author="Schumacher, G. H." box="[1320,1647,333,373]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref91765" refString="Schumacher, G. H. 1973. The head muscles and hyolaryngeal skeleton of turtles and crocodilians. Pages 101 - 199 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1973">Schumacher (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also discussed the musculature of the hyoid arch, skin, and trunk in chelonians. Included are specific references to the M. depressor mandibulae, M. coracohyoideus, and the cricoid cartilage, Cartilago cricoidea, of the loggerhead.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F9351B64C13FB511" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1785,1890,535,574]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2F9351B64C13FB511" box="[1785,1890,535,574]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
has seven tracheal rings composing the Cartilago thyreoidea.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FAE91BDDC0C5B2D6" blockId="17.[1272,2216,686,1529]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
The bones of the forearm and hand (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF89FFA2F85B1BDDC1A4B5FA" box="[1943,2041,686,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[302,355,2570,2606]" captionTargetBox="[311,1246,350,2531]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 4. Forearm of adult loggerhead (Romer 1956)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224182/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
) of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F7F21BDDCEF5B5FA" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[2110,2216,686,725]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2F7F21BDDCEF5B5FA" box="[2110,2216,686,725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
are illustrated by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F9FE1B93C176B427" author="Walker, W. F." box="[1586,1835,736,776]" editor="C. Gans & T. Parsons" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref95808" refString="Walker, W. F. 1973. The locomotor apparatus of Testudines. Pages 1 - 100 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." title="The locomotor apparatus of Testudines." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." year="1973">Walker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and the humerus by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FB301A60C3A5B414" author="Zangerl, R." box="[1276,1528,787,827]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref97127" refString="Zangerl, R. 1958. Die oligozanen Meerschildkroten von Glaru's Schweiz. Palaeontol. Abh. 73 (3): 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1958">Zangerl (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F99D1A60C100B414" author="Zug, G. R." box="[1617,1885,787,827]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">Zug et al. (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: line drawings and photographs).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FA361A35C0A9B441" author="Rhodin, A. G. J." box="[1530,1780,838,878]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="752 - 771" refId="ref89724" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J. 1985. Comparative chondro-osseous development and growth of marine turtles. Copeia 1985: 752 - 771." type="journal article" year="1985">Rhodin (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted similarities in patterns of skeletal growth between
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F8FD1A0AC1C6B48F" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1841,1947,889,928]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2F8FD1A0AC1C6B48F" box="[1841,1947,889,928]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and freshwater turtles. In both groups, noncalcified cartilage remains unvascularized, and a subphyseal plate is formed causing transient isolation of a metaphyseal cartilage cone. However, in the loggerhead, the central cartilaginous zone does not hypertrophy and remains uncalcified even as the peripheral zone of the subphyseal plate becomes ossified. Also, the basophilic network of Suzuki's tissue is localized in the zone of cartilaginous expansion in the center of the subphyseal plate rather than in the epiphysis (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FA7E1C1CC0C7B2B9" author="Rhodin, A. G. J." box="[1458,1690,1391,1430]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="752 - 771" refId="ref89724" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J. 1985. Comparative chondro-osseous development and growth of marine turtles. Copeia 1985: 752 - 771." type="journal article" year="1985">Rhodin 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These modifications may be related to the rapid growth in the uncalcified portion of the subphyseal plate.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA2FAED1F44C1EBBFC9" blockId="17.[1269,2214,1591,2278]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FAED1F44C047B171" author="Walker, W. F." box="[1313,1562,1591,1630]" editor="C. Gans & T. Parsons" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref95808" refString="Walker, W. F. 1973. The locomotor apparatus of Testudines. Pages 1 - 100 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." title="The locomotor apparatus of Testudines." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." year="1973">Walker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a general discussion of the pectoral and pelvic girdles of the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F88F1F1ACE4CB1BF" box="[1859,2065,1641,1680]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cheloniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
without mentioning
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2FA0B1FE8C072B1EE" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1479,1583,1691,1729]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2FA0B1FE8C072B1EE" box="[1479,1583,1691,1729]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
specifically. The pelvis of the loggerhead is described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F9AE1FBEC19FB1DB" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1634,1986,1741,1780]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
as expanded and depressed, a common feature of aquatic turtles. The ilia is shortened and the upper ends curve posteriorly. The pubic bone supports a prepubic cartilaginous process anteriorly and each bone supports an outer lateral process. The ischia are much smaller than the pubic bones, and are separated by a cartilaginous septum. A line drawing of the pelvis is provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FB3A112FC03EBFAD" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1270,1635,2140,2178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. In
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2F902112FC11FBFAD" box="[1742,1858,2140,2178]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F902112FC16ABFAD" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1742,1847,2140,2178]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
like other marine turtles, ossification of the tarsals is reduced. Bones of the pes are illustrated in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F97411CCC1F1BFC9" author="Romer, A. S." box="[1720,1964,2239,2278]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" refId="ref90392" refString="Romer, A. S. 1956. Osteology of the reptiles. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 772 pp." type="book" year="1956">Romer (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF89FFA1FAD21057C07AB687" blockId="17.[1266,2210,2340,3028]" lastBlockId="18.[1296,2237,332,424]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">
|
||
|
|
The musculature of the appendages of the loggerhead has been described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F96E1026C19ABE52" author="Rudinger, N." box="[1698,1991,2389,2429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="40 - 148" refId="ref90770" refString="Rudinger, N. 1868. Die Muskeln der vorderen Extremitaten der Reptilien und Vogel. Nat. Verh. Holland Maats. 25: 40 - 148." type="journal article" year="1868">Rudinger (1868)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F8211026C33DBE81" author="Sieglbauer, F." pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FAB110F4C16FBE81" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." box="[1405,1842,2439,2478]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F85010F4CECFBE81" author="Walker, W. F." box="[1948,2194,2439,2478]" editor="C. Gans & T. Parsons" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref95808" refString="Walker, W. F. 1973. The locomotor apparatus of Testudines. Pages 1 - 100 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." title="The locomotor apparatus of Testudines." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." year="1973">Walker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FB3810C9C3BCBECF" author="Walker, W. F." box="[1268,1505,2490,2528]" editor="C. Gans & T. Parsons" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref95808" refString="Walker, W. F. 1973. The locomotor apparatus of Testudines. Pages 1 - 100 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." title="The locomotor apparatus of Testudines." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." year="1973">Walker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
summarized existing literature and added additional information on
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF89FFA2F962109FC14EBD3D" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1710,1811,2540,2578]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF89FFA2F962109FC14EBD3D" box="[1710,1811,2540,2578]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="11">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
musculature, including descriptions of the M. supinator manus (reduced; see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2FA87133CC036BD59" author="Sieglbauer, F." box="[1355,1643,2639,2678]" pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), M. flexor carpi ulnaris (particularly powerful), M. palmaris longus, M. flexor carpi radialis, pronator teres (reduced; see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF89FFA2F82713C0C314BC22" author="Sieglbauer, F." pageId="17" pageNumber="11" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Mm. lumbricales (reduced), M. adductor digiti minimi (absent), Mm. interossei volares, M. iliofemoralis (closely associated with the M. puboischiofemoralis), M. triceps femoris, M. adductor femoris, peroneus complex (M. peroneus anterior is normal;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FEE313F5C40BBD82" author="Sieglbauer, F." box="[303,598,2694,2733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="183 - 280" refId="ref92691" refString="Sieglbauer, F. 1909. Zur Anatomie der Schildkrotenextremitat. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abt. 1909: 183 - 280." type="journal article" year="1909">Sieglbauer [1909]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the M. peroneus anterior as reduced and incompletely separated from M. extensor digitorum communis), digital extensors and dorsal interossei (not separated), gastrocnemius (reduced), and Mm. interossei plantares (four in number).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FB92123CC7C4BC88" author="Walker, W. F." editor="C. Gans & T. Parsons" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref95808" refString="Walker, W. F. 1973. The locomotor apparatus of Testudines. Pages 1 - 100 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." title="The locomotor apparatus of Testudines." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia, Vol. 4 (Morphology D). Academic Press, New York." year="1973">Walker (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided line drawings of the muscles of the forearm and hand, and the pelvis and thigh. Innervation to the limbs has been discussed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F7DF183FC040B687" author="Poglayen-Neuwall, I." pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="241 - 292" refId="ref88241" refString="Poglayen-Neuwall, I. 1953. Untersuchungen der Kiefermuskulatur und deren Innervation bei Schildkroten. Acta Zool. 34: 241 - 292." type="journal article" year="1953">Poglayen-Neuwall (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8AFFA1FAF61890C0CDB4FB" blockId="18.[1297,2240,483,980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
The alimentary canal, oral cavity, and intestinal morphology have been described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F84D1B65CEECB56F" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[1921,2225,534,576]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FADF1B3AC320B55D" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1299,1405,585,626]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FADF1B3AC320B55D" box="[1299,1405,585,626]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
normally has a small papilla that varies in shape near the anterior end of the lateral choanal margin (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FAD31BDDC03BB5F7" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1311,1638,686,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F94F1BDDC16FB5F7" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1667,1842,686,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref68900" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1942. Notes on sea turtles. Proc. New England Zool. Club 21: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1942">Carr 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F89C1BDDCE68B5F7" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[1872,2101,686,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref87611" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1958. The choanal papillae of the Cheloniidae. Breviora No. 85. 7 pp." type="book" year="1958">Parsons 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F79B1BDDCEF7B5F7" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[2135,2218,686,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1235 - 1262" refId="ref87634" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1968. Variation in the choanal structure of Recent turtles. Can. J. Zool. 46: 1235 - 1262." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FADD1B93C04EB425" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[1297,1555,736,778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref87611" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1958. The choanal papillae of the Cheloniidae. Breviora No. 85. 7 pp." type="book" year="1958">Parsons (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
was unable to ascribe a function for it in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FA8C1A60C3E9B414" box="[1344,1460,787,827]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FA8C1A60C3EDB414" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1344,1456,787,827]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
It apparently is not present in all individuals since he was unable to locate it in three turtles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F7F61A35C334B48D" author="Parsons, T. S." pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1235 - 1262" refId="ref87634" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1968. Variation in the choanal structure of Recent turtles. Can. J. Zool. 46: 1235 - 1262." type="journal article" year="1968">Parsons 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Black and white photographs are provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FADE1ADFC05AB4FB" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[1298,1543,940,980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref87611" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1958. The choanal papillae of the Cheloniidae. Breviora No. 85. 7 pp." type="book" year="1958">Parsons (1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F9E71ADFC022B4FB" author="Parsons, T. S." box="[1579,1663,940,980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1235 - 1262" refId="ref87634" refString="Parsons, T. S. 1968. Variation in the choanal structure of Recent turtles. Can. J. Zool. 46: 1235 - 1262." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8AFFA1FAF61D63C3FFB11D" blockId="18.[1297,2242,1040,1586]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
Although a substantial amount of recent work has centered on buoyancy and respiration (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F7C61D37C01DB38E" author="Davenport, J. & W. Clough" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="53 - 57" refId="ref70612" refString="Davenport, J., and W. Clough. 1986. Swimming and diving in young loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta L.). Copeia 1986: 53 - 57." type="journal article" year="1986">Davenport and Clough 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), few studies have described the lung of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FAF21DD8C3ECB3FC" box="[1342,1457,1195,1235]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FAF21DD8C3F0B3FC" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1342,1453,1195,1235]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FA0D1DD8C0E2B3FC" author="Rothley, H." box="[1473,1727,1195,1235]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref90577" refString="Rothley, H. 1930. Uber deu feineren Bau der Luftrohre und lunge der Reptilien. Z. Wiss. Biol. Abr. A. Zeitschr. Morph. Oekol. Tiere 20: 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1930">Rothley (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave a general anatomical account of adaptations of reptiles to breathing, including
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FAD81C62C3DAB215" box="[1300,1415,1297,1338]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FAD81C62C320B215" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1300,1405,1297,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FA2F1C62C0BEB215" author="Ludicke, M." box="[1507,1763,1297,1338]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="463 - 504" refId="ref83247" refString="Ludicke, M. 1940. Die Blutmengen in der Lunge und in der Niere de Schlangen. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Allg. Zool. u. Physiol. Tiere 59: 463 - 504." type="journal article" year="1940">Ludicke (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
briefly mentioned
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1F7E01C62CEC9B215" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[2092,2196,1297,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1F7E01C62CEC9B215" box="[2092,2196,1297,1338]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in his comparative study ofblood volume in the lungs and kidneys of snakes.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F99F1C05C140B2B0" author="Shah, R. V." box="[1619,1821,1398,1439]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref92479" refString="Shah, R. V. 1962. A comparative study of the respiratory muscles in chelonia. Breviora No. 161, 16 pp." type="book" year="1962">Shah (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted the absence of the M. striatum pulmonale in marine turtles, including
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FAD81CA9C3D7B12E" box="[1300,1418,1498,1537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FAD81CA9C322B12E" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1300,1407,1498,1537]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and provided a line drawing of the respiratory muscles.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8AFFA1FAF01F1CC113BE9E" blockId="18.[1293,2241,1647,2481]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FAF01F1CC109B1B9" author="Parsons, T. S. & J. E. Cameron" box="[1340,1876,1647,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref87713" refString="Parsons, T. S., and J. E. Cameron. 1977. Internal relief of the digestive tract. Pages 159 - 223 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Parsons and Cameron (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a general review of the digestive tract in chelonians. They cited
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FAC11FA1C0DFB1D6" author="Jacobshagen, E." box="[1293,1666,1746,1785]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="361 - 430" refId="ref79411" refString="Jacobshagen, E. 1920. Zur Morphologie des Oberflachenreliefs der Rumpfdarmschleimhaut der Reptilien. Jena. Z. Naturw. 56: 361 - 430." type="journal article" year="1920">Jacobshagen's (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
description of the small intestine as plain, tall, and having a net-like pattern. The height of the folds vary, giving a false impression of a double pattern.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FA661E14C0CEB0A0" author="Luppa, H." box="[1450,1683,1895,1935]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref83415" refString="Luppa, H. 1977. Histology of the digestive tract. Pages 223 - 313 in C. Gans and T. S. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Luppa (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that tubular glands in the stomach are combined into groups by connective tissue in the transition between gastric and intestinal epithelium.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1FA3F1E8DC0D2BF0A" box="[1523,1679,2046,2085]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1FA3F1E8DC0D2BF0A" box="[1523,1679,2046,2085]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
lacks the normal ring-fold or funnel-shaped pyloric valve. Further, the longitudinal layer of the tunica muscularis decreases in thickness as one proceeds in the direction of the pylorus (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F79C11E7C334BFC4" author="Luppa, H." pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref83415" refString="Luppa, H. 1977. Histology of the digestive tract. Pages 223 - 313 in C. Gans and T. S. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Luppa 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Further descriptions of intestinal morphology were provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F99A1185C1E9BE33" author="Jacobshagen, E." box="[1622,1972,2294,2332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref79438" refString="Jacobshagen, E. 1937. Mittel und Enddarm (Rumpfdarm). Pages 638 - 654 in L. Bolk, E. Kallius, E. Goppert, and W. Lubosch (eds.), Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere, Urban und Schwarzenberg, Berlin und Vienna, Vol. 3." type="book" year="1937">Jacobshagen (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and the morphology of the esophagus and stomach were described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FA8B102BC16FBE50" author="Pernkopf, E. & J. Lehner" box="[1351,1842,2392,2431]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref87974" refString="Pernkopf, E., and J. Lehner. 1937. Vergleichende Beschreibungen des Vorderdarms bei den einzelnen Klassen der Cranioten. Pages 349 - 476 in L. Bolk, E. Kallius, E. Goppert, andW. Lubosch (eds.), Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere, Urban und Schwarzenberg, Berlin und Vienna, Vol. 3." type="book" year="1937">Pernkopf and Lehner (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1F89C102BC1BDBE50" box="[1872,2016,2392,2431]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1F89C102BC1BDBE50" box="[1872,2016,2392,2431]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
lacks cloacal bursae (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FA6F10F9C160BE9E" author="Smith, H. M. & L. F. James" box="[1443,1853,2442,2481]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="86 - 96" refId="ref92782" refString="Smith, H. M., and L. F. James. 1958. The taxonomic significance of cloacal bursae in turtles. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sei. 61 (l): 86 - 96." type="journal article" year="1958">Smith and James 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8AFFA0FAF6109EC571B581" blockId="18.[1295,2243,2541,3033]" lastBlockId="19.[294,1234,345,686]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
There are no detailed descriptions of the heart or circulatory system of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8AFFA1F9A2136CC085BD68" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1646,1752,2591,2631]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8AFFA1F9A2136CC085BD68" box="[1646,1752,2591,2631]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
within the body.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1F7E6136CC321BD55" author="Sapsford, C. W." pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="57 - 62" refId="ref91099" refString="Sapsford, C. W. 1978. Anatomical evidence for intracardiac blood shunting in marine turtles. Zool. Afr. 13: 57 - 62." type="journal article" year="1978">Sapsford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the pulmonary arteries and noted the presence of a muscular sphincter distal to the origin of the ductus Botalli. He speculated that this structure allows shunting blood from the right to the left through the heart during diving, and that such action may assist in the regulation of heat flux with the environment.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FAC312F2C074BC87" author="Albrecht, P. W." box="[1295,1577,2945,2984]" journalOrPublisher="J. Morphol." pageId="18" pageNumber="12" pagination="159 - 182" part="149" refId="ref64330" refString="Albrecht, P. W. 1976. The cranial arteries of turtles and their evolutionary significance. J. Morphol. 149: 159 - 182." title="The cranial arteries of turtles and their evolutionary significance." type="journal article" year="1976">Albrecht (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the cranial arteries from 2 hatchlings and the cranial arterial foramina from 38 skulls. The cheloniids have generally the same patterns of arteries (illustrated in a diagram of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FB9E18F8C7CDB6C8" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FB9E18F8C7DEB6C8" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">Chelonia mydas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and foramina although some differences were noted. For instance, the canalis cavernosus opens lateral to the foramen nervi trigemini by way of the foramen arteriomandibulare in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FD641B27C5EEB554" box="[680,947,596,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FD641B27C571B554" box="[680,812,596,635]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FC8E1B27C5F4B554" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[834,937,596,635]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FBC11B27C293B554" box="[1037,1230,596,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FBC11B27C298B554" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1037,1221,596,635]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
but differently in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FDAE1BF4C571B581" box="[610,812,647,686]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FDAE1BF4C575B581" box="[610,808,647,686]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF8AFFA1FEE21379C22FBD01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224182" box="[302,1138,2570,2606]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224182/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" startId="18.[302,355,2570,2606]" targetBox="[311,1246,350,2531]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8AFFA1FEE21379C22FBD01" blockId="18.[302,1138,2570,2606]" box="[302,1138,2570,2606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 4. Forearm of adult loggerhead (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8AFFA1FC551379C23EBD01" author="Romer, A. S." box="[921,1123,2570,2606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" refId="ref90392" refString="Romer, A. S. 1956. Osteology of the reptiles. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 772 pp." type="book" year="1956">Romer 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FE831B98C7B4B1B4" blockId="19.[291,1233,747,1691]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
The morphology of the lymphatic system has been described in detail by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FD541A6EC5CDB469" author="Panizza, B." box="[664,912,797,838]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref87355" refString="Panizza, B. 1833. Sopra il sistema linfatico dei rettili, ricerche zootomiche. Typographia Fusi, Pavia. Pages 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1833">Panizza (1833)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FC2A1A6EC299B469" author="Azzali, G." box="[998,1220,797,838]" journalOrPublisher="Ateneo Parmense" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="143 - 175" part="29" refId="ref64880" refString="Azzali, G. 1958. Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd). Ateneo Parmense 29 (4): 143 - 175." title="Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd)" type="journal article" year="1958">Azzali (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and reviewed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FD841A22C248B455" author="Ottaviani, G. & A. Tazzi" box="[584,1045,849,890]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref87021" refString="Ottaviani, G., and A. Tazzi. 1977. The lymphatic system. Pages 315 - 464 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Ottaviani and Tazzi (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FBE31A22C412B482" author="Ottaviani, G. & A. Tazzi" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref87021" refString="Ottaviani, G., and A. Tazzi. 1977. The lymphatic system. Pages 315 - 464 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 6 (Morphology E). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1977">Ottaviani and Tazzi (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided information on the formation and descriptive morphology of the pericardia! sinus, and described the loggerhead's lymphatic system in the following organs and tissues: lumbar trunk, cistern chyli, anterior limbs, esophagus, stomach, small intestine (including a photograph of the mesenteric collectors), large intestine, liver, gall bladder, adipose tissue, pulmonary and serosal nets (photograph), kidney, bladder, ovaries and oviducts, testes, and heart and spleen. They further discussed the lymphatic hearts (including photographs of gross morphology and histological sections), and provided a photograph of a lymphoid body in the cavity of a lymph heart.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FC8B1CADC270B12A" author="Azzali, G." box="[839,1069,1502,1541]" journalOrPublisher="Ateneo Parmense" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="143 - 175" part="29" refId="ref64880" refString="Azzali, G. 1958. Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd). Ateneo Parmense 29 (4): 143 - 175." title="Ricerche sul sistema linfatico di piccoli e grossi Cheloni (Testudograeca, Emys europaea, Thalassochelys carettd)" type="journal article" year="1958">Azzali (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
included black and white photographs of many parts of the lymphatic system of three species of turtles, including the loggerhead.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FE811FA4C573BE7C" blockId="19.[290,1230,1751,2387]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
Other than for bone structure and musculature, there have been few studies of the cranial structures in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FB961E7BC297B001" box="[1114,1226,1800,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FB961E7BC29BB001" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1114,1222,1800,1838]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Crisp (1855
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FE3B1E4AC44FB04E" box="[503,530,1849,1889]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FDD21E4AC484B04E" author="Platel, R." box="[542,729,1849,1889]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref88187" refString="Platel, R. 1979. Brain weight-body weight relationships. Pages 147 - 171 in C. Gans, R. G. Northcutt, and P. Ulinski (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 9 (Neurology A). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1979">Platel 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) gave the weight of the brain of a 5,443 g animal as 2.7 g.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FCE11E18C278B0BD" author="Walker, W. F." box="[813,1061,1899,1938]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="257 - 259" refId="ref95756" refString="Walker, W. F. 1959. Closure of the nostrils in the Atlantic loggerhead and other sea turtles. Copeia 1959: 257 - 259." type="journal article" year="1959">Walker (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
observed that loggerheads lacked specialized nasal flaps or valves, yet were able to close the nostril while submerged. Histological examination of nasal tissue showed large amounts of vascular tissue, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FC951140C20CBF75" author="Walker, W. F." box="[857,1105,2099,2138]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="257 - 259" refId="ref95756" refString="Walker, W. F. 1959. Closure of the nostrils in the Atlantic loggerhead and other sea turtles. Copeia 1959: 257 - 259." type="journal article" year="1959">Walker (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
speculated that closure of the nostril was effected by blood filling nasal sinuses, causing the tissues to swell and thus block seawater from entering. He provided photographs of the closed and open nostrils and of a slide showing the highly vascularized tissue.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FE8610FCC2ECBC3D" blockId="19.[289,1228,2447,2834]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
The pineal-paraphyseal complex was described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FEED10B3C494BEC8" author="Owens, D. W. & C. L. Ralph" box="[289,713,2496,2535]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref87249" refString="Owens, D. W., and C. L. Ralph. 1978. The pineal-paraphyseal complex of sea turtles I. Light microscopic description. J. Morphol. 158: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Owens and Ralph (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
in juvenile loggerheads. They considered it an " impressively" large structure, and described the presence of two pineal cell types corresponding to the neuroglial supportive cells and the secretory rudimentary photoreceptor cells of other amniotic vertebrates. A drawing and photographs of the saggital section of the pineal complex are provided.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FE80123CC18AB6CA" blockId="19.[290,1227,2895,3035]" lastBlockId="19.[1287,2226,345,485]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FE80123CC576BC58" author="Holmberg, A. D. & F. L. Soler" box="[332,811,2895,2935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="457 - 469" refId="ref77504" refString="Holmberg, A. D., and F. L. Soler. 1942. Some notes on the adrenals. Presence of a united adrenal in a marine tortoise. Cont. Lab. Anat. Physiol., Univ. Buenos Aires 20: 457 - 469, 667 - 675." type="journal article" year="1942">Holmberg and Soler (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the structure of the adrenal gland in the loggerhead. They noted that "the connective tissue capsule forms an uninterrupted plate bridging the median line and resulting in a median coalescence of the two adrenal glands."
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F81718F8CEEFB69D" author="Gabe, M." box="[2011,2226,395,434]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref75039" refString="Gabe, M. 1970. The adrenal. Pages 263 - 318 in C. Gans (ed.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 3 (Morphology C). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Gabe (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave the relative weight as 33 mg/ 100 g.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FAE31B5DC336B16C" blockId="19.[1281,2226,558,1603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
The eye of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FA261B5DC012B579" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1514,1615,558,598]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FA261B5DC012B579" box="[1514,1615,558,598]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
has 11-13 scleral ossicles, a markedly convex cornea, and 60 disposed ciliary processes (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FADF1BE0C066B594" author="Underwood, G. L." box="[1299,1595,659,699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref95308" refString="Underwood, G. L. 1970. The eye. Pages 1 - 97 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 1 (Morphology A). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Underwood 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The cornea's curvature is slight and the lens is strongly curved. Some blood vessels are in the sclera at the level of Schlemm's canal.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F7D81B8BC076B47B" author="Bass, A. H. & R. G. Northcutt" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref65609" refString="Bass, A. H., and R. G. Northcutt. 1975. Retinal projections in the Atlantic loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta): an autoradiographic study. Anat. Rec. 181: 308 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1975">Bass and Northcutt (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the pattern of retinal projections in six juvenile loggerheads, and note that the dorsal geniculate nucleus is far larger than that of other reptiles with the possible exception of snakes. There are 12 primary retinal targets in the diencephalon and mesencephalon, and their pattern is similar with freshwater turtles, although the differentiation varies between genera (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FA581DF8C112B39B" author="Bass, A. H. & R. G. Northcutt" box="[1428,1871,1163,1204]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="253 - 264" refId="ref65653" refString="Bass, A. H., and R. G. Northcutt. 1981. Primary retinal targets in the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Cell Tissue Res. 218: 253 - 264." type="journal article" year="1981">Bass and Northcutt 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads have a large, reddish-brown, globular, compound, branched, and tubular lacrymal gland in the corner of the eye, which is involved in salt excretion. The gland's gross morphology and histology have been described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FAC91CF6C119B282" author="Schmidt-Nielsen, K. & R. Fange" box="[1285,1860,1413,1453]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="783 - 785" refId="ref91381" refString="Schmidt-Nielsen, K., and R. Fange. 1958. Salt glands in marine reptiles. Nature 182: 783 - 785." type="journal article" year="1958">Schmidt-Nielsen and Fange (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F8051CF6C332B2CF" author="Abel, J. H., Jr. & R. A. Ellis" journalOrPublisher="Am. J. Anat." pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="337 - 358" part="118" refId="ref64121" refString="Abel, J. H., Jr., and R. A. Ellis. 1966. Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles. Am. J. Anat. 118: 337 - 358." title="Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles." type="journal article" year="1966">Abel and Ellis (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FA421CC4C158B2CF" author="Abel, J. H., Jr. & R. A. Ellis" box="[1422,1797,1463,1504]" journalOrPublisher="Am. J. Anat." pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="337 - 358" part="118" refId="ref64121" refString="Abel, J. H., Jr., and R. A. Ellis. 1966. Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles. Am. J. Anat. 118: 337 - 358." title="Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles." type="journal article" year="1966">Abel and Ellis (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also provided extensive data on the histochemistry and fine structure of the gland.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FAE01FFEC3F8B0F6" blockId="19.[1281,2223,1677,2009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
The penis of the loggerhead is described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F7A61FFEC329B1C9" author="Zug, G. R." pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref97269" refString="Zug, G. R. 1966. The penial morphology and the relationships of cryptodiran turtles. Occas. Pap. Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. No. 647, 24 pp." type="book" year="1966">Zug (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The glans is formed by a U-shaped fold which is an enlarged continuation of the seminal ridges. The seminal groove is singular, and no sinuses are present. The penis of an
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0F9C21E20C095B056" box="[1550,1736,1875,1913]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0F9C21E20C095B056" box="[1550,1736,1875,1913]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is illustrated, but
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F83B1E20CEF1B056" author="Zug, G. R." box="[2039,2220,1875,1913]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" refId="ref97269" refString="Zug, G. R. 1966. The penial morphology and the relationships of cryptodiran turtles. Occas. Pap. Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. No. 647, 24 pp." type="book" year="1966">Zug (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the penes of all sea turtles are similar in structure.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FA7D112BC162BF50" blockId="19.[1457,1855,2136,2175]" box="[1457,1855,2136,2175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF8BFFA0FA7D112BC162BF50" box="[1457,1855,2136,2175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">1.3.2 Cytomorphology</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA0FAE511CEC02BBD5F" blockId="19.[1279,2219,2237,2672]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FAE511CEC0F8BFCC" author="Abel, J. H., Jr. & R. A. Ellis" box="[1321,1701,2237,2275]" journalOrPublisher="Am. J. Anat." pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="337 - 358" part="118" refId="ref64121" refString="Abel, J. H., Jr., and R. A. Ellis. 1966. Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles. Am. J. Anat. 118: 337 - 358." title="Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles." type="journal article" year="1966">Abel and Ellis (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described in detail the morphology of cells in the lacrymal glands of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0F83E119DCE06BE3B" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[2034,2139,2286,2324]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0F83E119DCE06BE3B" box="[2034,2139,2286,2324]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8BFFA0FACE1053C3D3BE12" box="[1282,1422,2336,2365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8BFFA0FACE1053C3D4BE12" box="[1282,1417,2336,2365]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and noted that it is similar between the two species. Two types of epithelial cells line the duct system: basal cells and goblet cells. The principal cells close to the arterial blood supply contain the highest concentration of oxidative enzymes and have modifications on their surface related to activity involving salt concentration and secretion.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8BFFA7FAE613C8C439B680" blockId="19.[1279,2218,2747,3036]" lastBlockId="20.[287,1229,341,431]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="13">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0FAE613C8C05BBDCD" author="Frair, W." box="[1322,1542,2747,2786]" firstAuthor="Frair" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="467 - 472" refId="ref73206" refString="Frair, W. 1977 b. Sea turtle red blood cell parameters correlated with carapace lengths. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 56 A: 467 - 472." type="journal article" year="1977">Frair (1977b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that Atlantic loggerheads with longer carapace lengths have higher packed-cell volumes of red blood cells, larger red blood cells by length-width product and volume, lower red-cell counts, and probably more rounded red cells than turtles with smaller carapace lengths.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8BFFA0F99412C6C11ABCF3" author="Frair, W." box="[1624,1863,2997,3036]" pageId="19" pageNumber="13" pagination="167 - 190" refId="ref73180" refString="Frair, W. 1977 a. Turtle red blood cell packed volumes, sizes, and numbers. Herpetologica 33: 167 - 190." type="journal article" year="1977">Frair (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided data on erythrocytes ofloggerheads for packed volume, size, and number (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FF8CFFA7FE0918FBC40FB680" box="[453,594,392,431]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="20.[1281,1380,341,378]" captionTargetBox="[1282,2224,477,954]" captionText="Table 2. Red blood cell data ofAtlantic loggerhead sea turtles (Frair 1977a.)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="98AA5B85FF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" startId="20.[1281,1380,341,378]" targetBox="[1282,2224,477,954]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="20" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FACD1826C114B682" blockId="20.[1280,2226,341,446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Table 2.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FA641826C17FB682" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Red blood cell data of Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F9A218F5C169B682" author="Frair, W." box="[1646,1844,390,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="167 - 190" refId="ref73180" refString="Frair, W. 1977 a. Turtle red blood cell packed volumes, sizes, and numbers. Herpetologica 33: 167 - 190." type="journal article" year="1977">Frair 1977a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F8F518F5C11EB682" box="[1849,1859,390,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE841891C5F8B45F" blockId="20.[287,1230,482,880]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Owens and Ruiz (1980) described a method for obtaining blood samples from sea turtles through the dorsal cervical sinus, and cerebrospinal fluid through the foramen magnum without causing stress to the animals. Although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FDBD1BDDC24FB5F8" author="Owens, D. W." box="[625,1042,686,727]" firstAuthor="Owens" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref87287" refString="Owens, D. W., andGJ. Ruiz. 1980. New methods of obtaining blood and cerebrospinal fluid from marine turtles. Herpetologica 36: 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1980">Owens and Ruiz (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found difficulty using this method on hatchlings,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FC1C1B92C290B425" author="Bennett, J. M." box="[976,1229,737,778]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref66008" refString="Bennett, J. M. 1986. A method for sampling blood from hatchling loggerhead turtles. Herpetol. Rev. 17: 43." type="journal volume" year="1986">Bennett (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found sampling blood through the dorsal cervical sinuses of hatchlings simple and atraumatic.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FACE1B41CE0CB495" blockId="20.[1280,2226,477,624]" lastBlockId="20.[1279,2225,918,974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF8C004CFACE18AECEEDB495" box="[1282,2224,477,954]" gridcols="4" gridrows="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8C004CFACE18AECEEDB54F" box="[1282,2224,477,608]" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CFACE18AEC321B54F" box="[1282,1404,477,608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Statistic</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CFA7F18AEC0CBB54F" box="[1459,1686,477,608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Packed cell volume (cm³/100 cm²)</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CF90318AEC1FFB54F" box="[1743,1954,477,608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Length/width
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F8D81B41C101B54F" box="[1812,1884,562,608]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">(μm)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CF81518AECEEDB54F" box="[2009,2224,477,608]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Red cell count (mm³ x 10³)</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8C004CFACE1BFCCEEDB5C2" box="[1282,2224,655,749]" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CFACE1BFCC321B5C2" box="[1282,1404,655,749]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CFA7F1BFCC0CBB5C2" box="[1459,1686,655,749]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">26.4 ± 0.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF9031BFCC1FFB5C2" box="[1743,1954,655,749]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">22.1 ± 0.2 13.4 ± 0.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF8151BFCCEEDB5C2" box="[2009,2224,655,749]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">429 ± 22</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8C004CFACE1A61CEEDB45E" box="[1282,2224,786,881]" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CFACE1A61C321B45E" box="[1282,1404,786,881]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CFA7F1A61C0CBB45E" box="[1459,1686,786,881]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">19-40</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF9031A61C1FFB45E" box="[1743,1954,786,881]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">15.0-28.4 8.0-18.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF8151A61CEEDB45E" box="[2009,2224,786,881]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">292-650</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8C004CFACE1AE5CEEDB495" box="[1282,2224,918,954]" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8C004CFACE1AE5C321B495" box="[1282,1404,918,954]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Sample</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CFA7F1AE5C0CBB495" box="[1459,1686,918,954]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">54</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF9031AE5C1FFB495" box="[1743,1954,918,954]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">26</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8C004CF8151AE5CEEDB495" box="[2009,2224,918,954]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">21</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE841AD6C4C5B3E3" blockId="20.[287,1230,933,1228]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FE841AD6C579B4E2" author="Gyuris, E. & C. J. Limpus" box="[328,804,933,973]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="333 - 334" refId="ref76449" refString="Gyuris, E., and C. J. Limpus. 1986. Rapid method for immobilization and collection of sea turtle muscle biopsies for electrophoresis. Aust. Wildl. Res. 13: 333 - 334." type="journal article" year="1986">Gyuris and Limpus (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described a restraining device to immobilize sea turtles while obtaining muscle biopsies. Muscle masses, especially the triceps brachii and the brachialis inferior, were located by palpation and biopsies taken via a biopsy needle with a minimum of stress to the turtle.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE841C72C529B2A2" blockId="20.[286,1229,1281,1421]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
The karyotype of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FD481C72C501B206" box="[644,860,1281,1321]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FD481C72C501B206" box="[644,860,1281,1321]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
consists of 56 nearly identical chromosomes; sex chromosomes are unknown from this species (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FDAF1C15C53EB2A2" author="Bickham, J. W." box="[611,867,1382,1421]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref66204" refString="Bickham, J. W. 1979. Karyotypes of sea turtles and the karyological relationships of the Cheloniidae. Am. Zool. 19: 983 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Bickham 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE011C80C2FBB135" blockId="20.[461,1190,1523,1562]" box="[461,1190,1523,1562]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF8CFFA7FE011C80C2FBB135" box="[461,1190,1523,1562]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">1.3. 3 Protein composition and specificity</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE8B1F2BC29ABE28" blockId="20.[284,1229,1624,2311]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
The serum protein level of 14
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FC881F2BC248B150" box="[836,1045,1624,1663]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FC881F2BC248B150" box="[836,1045,1624,1663]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
was found to be 4.7 g % (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FDDD1FF9C49EB19D" author="Frair, W." box="[529,707,1674,1714]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref73139" refString="Frair, W. 1964. Turtle family relationships as determined by serological tests. Pages 535 - 544 in C. A. Leone (ed.), Taxonomic biochemistry and serology. Ronald Press, New York." type="book" year="1964">Frair 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FC8F1FF9C296B19D" author="Musquera, S. & J. Massegu" box="[835,1227,1674,1714]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="225 - 230" refId="ref86336" refString="Musquera, S., J. Massegu, andj. Planas. 1976. Blood proteins in turtles {Testudo hermanni, Emys orbicularis and Caretta caretta). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 55 A: 225 - 230." type="journal article" year="1976">Musquera et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave a figure of 3.8 g % for a single individual. Immunoprecipitation tests indicated a close affinity among all sea turtles with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FDAD1E53C496B068" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[609,715,1824,1863]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FDAD1E53C496B068" box="[609,715,1824,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
aligning with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FC0F1E53C2DCB068" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[963,1153,1824,1863]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FC0F1E53C2DCB068" box="[963,1153,1824,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FED11E21C7BAB056" box="[285,487,1874,1913]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FED11E21C783B056" box="[285,478,1874,1913]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FDCA1E21C4BCB056" author="Frair, W." box="[518,737,1874,1913]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref73260" refString="Frair, W. 1982. Serum electrophoresis and sea turtle classification. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 72 B: l- 4." type="journal volume" year="1982">Frair (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
later noted the similarity between blood serum proteins of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FCB81EF7C29AB085" box="[884,1223,1924,1962]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FCB81EF7C5BEB085" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[884,995,1924,1962]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FC301EF7C29EB085" box="[1020,1219,1924,1962]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FEA01EC5C46EB0F2" box="[364,563,1974,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FEA01EC5C473B0F2" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[364,558,1974,2013]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
although proteins were more similar between
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FE7A1E9BC49BBF21" box="[438,710,2024,2062]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FE7A1E9BC461BF21" box="[438,572,2024,2062]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FD9E1E9BC49CBF21" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[594,705,2024,2062]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FCEC1E9BC586BF21" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[800,987,2024,2062]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FCEC1E9BC586BF21" box="[800,987,2024,2062]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
than between
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FED3116AC7C2BF6F" box="[287,415,2073,2112]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FED3116AC7C2BF6F" box="[287,415,2073,2112]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Chelonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FDD2116AC4B4BF6F" box="[542,745,2073,2112]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FDD2116AC4BDBF6F" box="[542,736,2073,2112]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Sea turtles with longer carapace lengths have higher concentrations of total serum protein over a wide range of carapace lengths although in the largest turtles the concentration of total serum protein appears to drop (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FC851193C2EBBE28" author="Frair, W. & B. K. Shah" box="[841,1206,2272,2311]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="337 - 339" refId="ref73285" refString="Frair, W., and B. K. Shah. 1982. Sea turtle blood serum protein concentrations correlated with carapace lengths. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 73 A: 337 - 339." type="journal article" year="1982">Frair and Shah 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE8A1048C24CBDA2" blockId="20.[283,1231,2363,2701]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FE8A1048C496BE4D" author="Friedman, J. M. & S. R. Simon & T. W. Scott" box="[326,715,2363,2402]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="679 - 693" refId="ref74457" refString="Friedman, J. M., S. R. Simon, and T. W. Scott. 1985. Structure and function in sea turtle hemoglobin. Copeia 1985: 679 - 693." type="journal article" year="1985">Friedman et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
compared the internal structures of deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobins of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FED210ECC7D5BEEA" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[286,392,2463,2501]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FED210ECC7D5BEEA" box="[286,392,2463,2501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FE3D10ECC42FBEEA" box="[497,626,2463,2501]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FE3D10ECC42FBEEA" box="[497,626,2463,2501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Chelonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and found that sea turtle hemoglobins are structurally designed for efficient oxygen transport and release rather than storage. The structural feature involves an oxygen binding site that remains strained under all physiological conditions.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FE8813B1C514BCCD" blockId="20.[283,1224,2754,3042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
The kinetic properties of lactate dehydrogenases resemble those reported from homopolymers of most other vertebrates. However,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FCDF1255C521BC63" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[787,892,2854,2892]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FCDF1255C521BC63" box="[787,892,2854,2892]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
M4 and H4 isoenzymes do not display similar sensitivities to substrate inhibition by pyruvate as the freshwater turtle
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FBE112F9C715BCCD" class="Testudines" family="Emydidae" genus="Pseudemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FBE112F9C295BC9E" box="[1069,1224,2954,2993]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Pseudemys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FEA712C8C565BCCD" author="Baldwin, J. & E. Gyuris" box="[363,824,3003,3042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref65367" refString="Baldwin, J., and E. Gyuris. 1983. Loggerhead turtle lactate dehydrogenases. How general is the apparent adaptation to prolonged anaerobiosis displayed by the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes from turtles of the genus Pseudemys? Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 76 B: 191 - 195." type="journal article" year="1983">Baldwin and Gyuris 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FAE71D3CCEF7B113" blockId="20.[1279,2223,1103,1596]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Isoelectric focusing techniques as a tool for the identification of unknown samples of sea turtle meat is discussed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FA361DC6C1D6B3F2" author="Braddon, S. A. & B. B. Caffrey & R. Pike" box="[1530,1931,1205,1245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref66790" refString="Braddon, S. A., B. B. Caffrey, andJ. R. Pike. 1982. Identification of suspect sea turtle meat samples and determination of species, a law enforcement problem. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC-TM- 105." type="journal volume" year="1982">Braddon et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. These authors showed that muscle extract samples can be identified by protein banding patterns, and provided several figures of gel patterns of loggerhead and other species obtained at various pH and power ranges. Seven loggerhead samples showed excellent replication patterns while the eighth, a juvenile, showed extra bands indicative of embryonic blood proteins, such as fetal hemoglobin.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FAE61FFAC1B0BE28" blockId="20.[1277,2222,1673,2311]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Electrophoretic techniques have been used to examine 13 proteins from loggerheads
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F8C71FC8C167B1CC" box="[1803,1850,1723,1763]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 106) in the southeastern United States; heterozygosity averaged 3.4%, with 7.7 % of the loci being polymorphic (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F8281E53C30AB056" author="Smith, M. H. & H. O. Hillestad & M. N. Manlove & D. O. Straney & J. M. Dean" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="302 - 312" refId="ref92993" refString="Smith, M. H., H. O. Hillestad, M. N. Manlove, D. O. Straney, and J. M. Dean. 1978. Management implications of genetic variability in loggerhead and green sea turtles. XHIth Congress of Game Biologists, pp. 302 - 312." type="proceedings paper" year="1978">Smith et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The intergeneric similarity value was 0.21 between
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7FA501EF0C05BB084" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1436,1542,1923,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FA501EF0C05BB084" box="[1436,1542,1923,1963]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F9AF1EF0C105B084" box="[1635,1880,1923,1963]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7F9AF1EF0C109B084" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1635,1876,1923,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">Chelonia mydas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F8A61EF0CEF0B084" author="Smith, M. H. & H. O. Hillestad & M. N. Manlove & D. O. Straney & J. M. Dean" box="[1898,2221,1923,1963]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="302 - 312" refId="ref92993" refString="Smith, M. H., H. O. Hillestad, M. N. Manlove, D. O. Straney, and J. M. Dean. 1978. Management implications of genetic variability in loggerhead and green sea turtles. XHIth Congress of Game Biologists, pp. 302 - 312." type="proceedings paper" year="1978">Smith et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
argued that the low level of variability in the loggerhead indicated that it is a "fine-grained" species, that is, a large, marine, temperate, migratory carnivore likely to encounter a variety of habitat conditions.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F8021138CEF1BF5D" author="Gyuris, E." box="[1998,2220,2123,2162]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref76417" refString="Gyuris, E. 1984. Genetic variation and its relevance to its population structure of sea turtles. M. S. Thesis. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Gyuris (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7FB33110EC347BF8C" box="[1279,1306,2173,2211]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7FAE2110EC04EBF8C" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1326,1555,2173,2211]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) was unable to distinguish mainland from island nesting populations of loggerheads in Australia using electrophoretic techniques.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FAEA1027C338BC24" blockId="20.[1276,2220,2388,2827]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Analysis of oil from
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7F9401027C13EBE55" box="[1676,1891,2388,2426]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F9401027C13EBE55" box="[1676,1891,2388,2426]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Mexico showed that its fatty acids closely resembled fats of amphibians and other reptiles in its palmitic (21.8%) and myristic (6.6 %) content, but contained a high content of stearic (15.5 %) and palmitoleic acid (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F88F136FC309BD5A" author="Giral, F. & A. Marquez" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="187 - 189" refId="ref75554" refString="Giral, F., and A. Marquez. 1948. Mexican turtle oils. III. Caretta caretta, Linn. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 16 (2): 187 - 189." type="journal article" year="1948">Giral and Marquez 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors also reported a low content of certain unsaturated acids (C 18 and C 20). Total acids make up 90 % of turtle oil (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F9A213C1CE68BDF5" author="Giral, F. & M. L. Cascajares" box="[1646,2101,2738,2778]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="177 - 179" refId="ref75519" refString="Giral, F., and M. L. Cascajares. 1948. Mexican turtle oils. I. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 16 (2): 177 - 179." type="journal article" year="1948">Giral and Cascajares 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8CFFA7F79E13C1C308BC24" author="Giral, F." pageId="20" pageNumber="14" pagination="65 - 69" refId="ref75496" refString="Giral, F. 1955. Grasas de tortugas mexicanas. Ciencia 15 (4 / 5): 65 - 69." type="journal article" year="1955">Giral 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8CFFA7FAE9122BC3D0BCCD" blockId="20.[1276,2217,2904,3042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
A summary of the literature on the biochemistry, genetics, and physiology of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8CFFA7F91112F8C1EFBC9D" box="[1757,1970,2955,2994]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8CFFA7F91112F8C1EFBC9D" box="[1757,1970,2955,2994]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="14">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is provided in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FF8CFFA7FB3012CFC3DCBCCD" box="[1276,1409,3004,3042]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="21.[285,383,340,378]" captionTargetBox="[279,1220,429,3005]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 3. Literature summary of papers dealing with the physiology, biochemistry, and genetics o/ Caretta caretta." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655" pageId="20" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="98AA5B85FF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655" box="[285,2100,340,378]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" startId="21.[285,383,340,378]" targetBox="[279,1220,429,3005]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="21" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8DFFA6FED11827CE69B655" blockId="21.[285,2218,340,391]" box="[285,2100,340,378]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Table 3.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8DFFA6FE041827C149B655" box="[456,1812,340,378]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Literature summary of papers dealing with the physiology, biochemistry, and genetics of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8DFFA6F8E81827CE76B655" box="[1828,2091,340,378]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8DFFA6FED218DEC59FBC92" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF8D004CFEDB18DEC299BC92" box="[279,1220,429,3005]" colsContinueIn="21.[1271,2222,425,3004]" gridcols="2" gridrows="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB18DEC299B6E0" box="[279,1220,429,463]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB18DEC544B6E0" box="[279,793,429,463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Subject</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8D004CFCF018DEC299B6E0" box="[828,1220,429,463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Reference</th>
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||
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</tr>
|
||
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1B72C299B530" box="[279,1220,513,543]" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1B72C544B530" box="[279,793,513,543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biochemistry: corticosterone</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01B72C299B530" box="[828,1220,513,543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8F1B72C209B531" author="Schwantes, N. L." box="[835,1108,513,542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref91820" refString="Schwantes, N. L. 1986. Aspects of corticosterone levels in two species of sea turtles {Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Texas A & M University, College Station." type="book" year="1986">Schwantes (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
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</tr>
|
||
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1B44C299B518" box="[279,1220,567,567]" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1B44C544B5AC" box="[279,793,567,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biochemistry: LDH</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01B44C299B5AC" box="[828,1220,567,643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
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Baldwin and Gyuris
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||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAB1B15C59AB5AC" author="Baldwin, J. & E. Gyuris" box="[871,967,614,643]" firstAuthor="Baldwin" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref65367" refString="Baldwin, J., and E. Gyuris. 1983. Loggerhead turtle lactate dehydrogenases. How general is the apparent adaptation to prolonged anaerobiosis displayed by the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes from turtles of the genus Pseudemys? Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 76 B: 191 - 195." type="journal article" year="1983">(1983)</bibRefCitation>
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||
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</td>
|
||
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</tr>
|
||
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1BEFC299B5B3" box="[279,1220,668,668]" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1BEFC544B5D6" box="[279,793,668,761]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biochemistry: oils</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01BEFC299B46A" box="[828,1220,668,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8E1BEFC25BB596" author="Giral, F." box="[834,1030,668,697]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="65 - 69" refId="ref75496" refString="Giral, F. 1955. Grasas de tortugas mexicanas. Ciencia 15 (4 / 5): 65 - 69." type="journal article" year="1955">Giral (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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; Giral and
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||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAB1BB8C222B5C7" author="Giral, F. & M. L. Cascajares" box="[871,1151,715,744]" firstAuthor="Giral" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="177 - 179" refId="ref75519" refString="Giral, F., and M. L. Cascajares. 1948. Mexican turtle oils. I. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 16 (2): 177 - 179." type="journal article" year="1948">Cascajares (1948)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Giral and Marquez
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAB1A5BC59AB46A" author="Giral, F. & A. Marquez" box="[871,967,808,837]" firstAuthor="Giral" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="187 - 189" refId="ref75554" refString="Giral, F., and A. Marquez. 1948. Mexican turtle oils. III. Caretta caretta, Linn. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 16 (2): 187 - 189." type="journal article" year="1948">(1948)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1A2CC299B451" box="[279,1220,863,894]" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1A2CC544B451" box="[279,793,863,894]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biochemistry: steroids</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01A2CC299B451" box="[828,1220,863,894]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8E1A2CC241B453" author="Morris, Y. A." box="[834,1052,863,892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref85909" refString="Morris, Y. A. 1982. Steroid dynamics in immature sea turtles. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Texas A & M University, College Station." type="book" year="1982">Morris (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1AE7C299B4BB" box="[279,1220,916,916]" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1AE7C544B345" box="[279,793,916,1130]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biocides: DDE, organochlorines</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01AE7C299B345" box="[828,1220,916,1130]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Clark and Krynitsky (1980,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC171AB0C27BB4CF" author="Clark, D. R., Jr. & A. J. Krynitsky" box="[987,1062,963,992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="121 - 125" refId="ref69589" refString="Clark, D. R., Jr., and A. J. Krynitsky. 1985. DDE residues and artificial incubation ofloggerhead sea turtle eggs. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34: 121 - 125." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
); Fletemeyer (1980); McKim and Johnson
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAA1D3EC59BB345" author="McKim, J. M., Jr. & K. L. Johnson" box="[870,966,1101,1130]" firstAuthor="McKim" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="53 - 60" part="31" refId="ref84723" refString="McKim, J. M., Jr., and K. L. Johnson. 1983. Polychlorinated biphenyls and p, p-DDE in loggerhead and green postyearling Atlantic sea turtles. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 31: 53 - 60." title="Polychlorinated biphenyls and p, p-DDE in loggerhead and green postyearling Atlantic sea turtles" type="journal article" year="1983">(1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1DF7C299B3AB" box="[279,1220,1156,1156]" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1DF7C544B3D1" box="[279,793,1156,1278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Biocides: other categories</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01DF7C299B3D1" box="[828,1220,1156,1278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8E1DF7C2FDB38E" author="Hillestad, H. O. & R. R. Stickney & H. L. Windom & J. H. Jenkins" box="[834,1184,1156,1185]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref77195" refString="Hillestad, H. O., RJ. Reimold, R. R. Stickney, H. L. Windom, and J. H. Jenkins. 1974. Pesticides, heavy metals, and radionuclide uptake in loggerhead sea turtles from South Carolina and Georgia. Herpetol. Rev. 5: 75." type="journal volume" year="1974">Hillestad et al. (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Stoneburner et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAA1D92C59BB3D1" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[870,966,1249,1278]" firstAuthor="Stoneburner" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref93858" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1980. Body depth: an indicator of morphological variation among nesting groups of adult loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 14: 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">(1980)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1C65C299B21A" box="[279,1220,1302,1333]" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1C65C544B21A" box="[279,793,1302,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: chemistry (review)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01C65C299B21A" box="[828,1220,1302,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8D1C65C260B21C" author="Dessauer, H. C." box="[833,1085,1302,1331]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref71750" refString="Dessauer, H. C. 1970. Blood chemistry of reptiles: physiological and evolutionary aspects. Pages 1 - 72 in C. Gans (ed.), Biology of the Reptilia. Vol. 3 (Morphology C), Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Dessauer (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1C3BC299B267" box="[279,1220,1352,1352]" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1C3BC544B2BC" box="[279,793,1352,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: chemistry, general</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01C3BC299B2BC" box="[828,1220,1352,1427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Lutz and
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA91C05C21AB2BC" author="Lutz, P. L. & A. Dunbar-Cooper" box="[869,1095,1398,1427]" firstAuthor="Lutz" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="37 - 43" refId="ref83651" refString="Lutz, P. L., and A. Dunbar-Cooper. 1987. Variations in the blood chemistry of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Fish. Bull. 85: 37 - 43." type="journal article" year="1987">Dunbar-Cooper (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1CDBC299B2E9" box="[279,1220,1448,1478]" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1CDBC544B2E9" box="[279,793,1448,1478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: hemoglobin structure</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01CDBC299B2E9" box="[828,1220,1448,1478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8C1CDBC2FBB2EA" author="Friedman, J. M. & S. R. Simon & T. W. Scott" box="[832,1190,1448,1477]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="679 - 693" refId="ref74457" refString="Friedman, J. M., S. R. Simon, and T. W. Scott. 1985. Structure and function in sea turtle hemoglobin. Copeia 1985: 679 - 693." type="journal article" year="1985">Friedman et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1CA9C299B2F5" box="[279,1220,1498,1498]" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1CA9C544B016" box="[279,793,1498,1849]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: O₂ affinity</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01CA9C299B016" box="[828,1220,1498,1849]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC8C1CA9C222B2D8" author="McCutcheon. F. H" box="[832,1151,1498,1527]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="333 - 344" refId="ref84630" refString="McCutcheon. F. H. 1947. Specific oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in elasmobranchs and turtles. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 29: 333 - 344." type="journal article" year="1947">McCutcheon (1947)</bibRefCitation>
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|
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; Palomeque et al.
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA91F45C594B17C" author="Palomeque, J. & P. Sese" box="[869,969,1590,1619]" firstAuthor="Palomeque" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="479 - 483" refId="ref87319" refString="Palomeque, J., P. Sese, andj. Planas. 1977. Respiratory properties of the blood of turtles. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 57 A: 479 - 483." type="journal article" year="1977">(1977)</bibRefCitation>
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|
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; Isaacks et al.
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA81F17C594B1AE" author="Isaacks, R. E. & D. R. Harkness & P. R. Witham" box="[868,969,1636,1665]" firstAuthor="Isaacks" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="344 - 353" refId="ref79219" refString="Isaacks, R. E., D. R. Harkness, and P. R. Witham. 1978. Relationship between the major phosphorylated metabolic intermediates and oxygen affinity of whole blood in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) during development. Dev. Biol. 62: 344 - 353." type="journal article" year="1978">(1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Isaacks et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA81FE1C594B180" author="Isaacks, R. E. & D. R. Harkness & R. White" box="[868,969,1682,1711]" firstAuthor="Isaacks" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="549 - 568" refId="ref79160" refString="Isaacks, R. E., D. R. Harkness, andJ. R. White. 1982. Regulation of hemoglobin function and whole blood oxygen affinity by carbon dioxide and pH in the loggerhead {Caretta caretta) and green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas mydas). Hemoglobin 6: 549 - 568." type="journal article" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Lapennas and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA91FB3C249B1F2" author="Lapennas, G. N. & P. L. Lutz" box="[869,1044,1728,1757]" firstAuthor="Lapennas" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref81204" refString="Lapennas, G. N., and P. L. Lutz. 1979. Oxygen affinity of green and loggerhead turtle blood. The effect of organic phosphates and carbon dioxide. Am. Zool. 19: 982 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Lutz (1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FBFC1FB3C226B1F2" author="Lapennas, G. N. & P. L. Lutz" box="[1072,1147,1728,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 74" refId="ref81249" refString="Lapennas, G. N., and P. L. Lutz. 1982. Oxygen affinity of sea turtle blood. Respir. Physiol. 48: 59 - 74." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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); Lutz and Lapennas
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCA81E6FC599B016" author="Lapennas, G. N. & P. L. Lutz" box="[868,964,1820,1849]" firstAuthor="Lutz" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 74" refId="ref81249" refString="Lapennas, G. N., and P. L. Lutz. 1982. Oxygen affinity of sea turtle blood. Respir. Physiol. 48: 59 - 74." type="journal article" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1E3FC299B046" box="[279,1220,1868,1897]" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1E3FC544B046" box="[279,793,1868,1897]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: plasma concentration</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01E3FC299B046" box="[828,1220,1868,1897]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF31E3FC235B046" author="Figler, R. A. & D. Owens & D. S. MacKenzie & P. Licht" box="[831,1128,1868,1897]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref72763" refString="Figler, R. A., D. Owens, D. S. MacKenzie, and P. Licht. 1986. Changes in plasma concentration of argenine vasotocin during oviposition in sea turtles. Am. Zool. 26 (4): 4 A (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1986">Figler et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1E0EC299B052" box="[279,1220,1917,1917]" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1E0EC544B0DA" box="[279,793,1917,2037]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: proteins</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01E0EC299B0DA" box="[828,1220,1917,2037]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF31E0EC25DB0B5" author="Frair, W." box="[831,1024,1917,1946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref73139" refString="Frair, W. 1964. Turtle family relationships as determined by serological tests. Pages 535 - 544 in C. A. Leone (ed.), Taxonomic biochemistry and serology. Ronald Press, New York." type="book" year="1964">Frair (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Musquera
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAF1ED9C275B0E8" author="Musquera, S. & J. Massegu" box="[867,1064,1962,1991]" firstAuthor="Musquera" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="225 - 230" refId="ref86336" refString="Musquera, S., J. Massegu, andj. Planas. 1976. Blood proteins in turtles {Testudo hermanni, Emys orbicularis and Caretta caretta). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 55 A: 225 - 230." type="journal article" year="1976">et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
; Frair
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAF1EABC235B0DA" author="Frair, W. & B. K. Shah" box="[867,1128,2008,2037]" firstAuthor="Frair" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="337 - 339" refId="ref73285" refString="Frair, W., and B. K. Shah. 1982. Sea turtle blood serum protein concentrations correlated with carapace lengths. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 73 A: 337 - 339." type="journal article" year="1982">and Shah (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1179C299BF06" box="[279,1220,2058,2089]" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1179C544BF06" box="[279,793,2058,2089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: serology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01179C299BF06" box="[828,1220,2058,2089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF21179C5A9BF08" author="Frair, W." box="[830,1012,2058,2087]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref73139" refString="Frair, W. 1964. Turtle family relationships as determined by serological tests. Pages 535 - 544 in C. A. Leone (ed.), Taxonomic biochemistry and serology. Ronald Press, New York." type="book" year="1964">Frair (1964</bibRefCitation>
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|
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,
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FBC31179C205BF08" author="Frair, W." box="[1039,1112,2058,2087]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="239 - 244" refId="ref73237" refString="Frair, W. 1979. Taxonomic relations among sea turtles elucidated by serological tests. Herpetologica 35: 239 - 244." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
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|
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,
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FBB81179C2E7BF08" author="Frair, W." box="[1140,1210,2058,2087]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref73260" refString="Frair, W. 1982. Serum electrophoresis and sea turtle classification. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 72 B: l- 4." type="journal volume" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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|
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)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB114FC299BF13" box="[279,1220,2108,2108]" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB114FC544BFA8" box="[279,793,2108,2183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: serum corticosterone</td>
|
||
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|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF0114FC299BFA8" box="[828,1220,2108,2183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Schwantes and Owens
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAF1119C59EBFA8" author="Schwantes, N. L. & D. Owens" box="[867,963,2154,2183]" firstAuthor="Schwantes" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref91863" refString="Schwantes, N. L., and D. Owens. 1986. Serum corticosterone titers in two sea turtle species Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea during nesting, mating, and hatching. Am. Zool. 26 (4): 26 A (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB11E8C299BFB4" box="[279,1220,2203,2203]" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB11E8C544BFC9" box="[279,793,2203,2278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood: serum testosterone</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF011E8C299BFC9" box="[828,1220,2203,2278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF111E8C2C2BF97" author="Wibbels, T. & D. S. MacKenzie & D. W. Owens & M. S. Amoss & C. J. Limpus" box="[829,1183,2203,2232]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref96046" refString="Wibbels, T., D. S. MacKenzie, D. W. Owens, M. S. Amoss, and C. J. Limpus. 1986 a. Aspects of thyroid physiology in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Am. Zool. 26 (4): 106 A (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1986">Wibbels et al. (1986a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE11BAC29DBFC9" author="Wibbels, T. & D. W. Owens & M. S. Amoss" box="[866,1216,2249,2278]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref96163" refString="Wibbels, T., D. W. Owens, and M. S. Amoss. 1987 a. Seasonal changes in the serum testosterone titers of loggerhead sea turtles captured along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. Pages 59 - 64 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Wibbels et al. (1987a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB118FC299BE35" box="[279,1220,2300,2330]" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB118FC544BE35" box="[279,793,2300,2330]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Body fluids: general</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF0118FC299BE35" box="[828,1220,2300,2330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF1118FC26DBE36" author="Thorson, T. B." box="[829,1072,2300,2329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="592 - 601" refId="ref94780" refString="Thorson, T. B. 1968. Body fluid partitioning in reptiles. Copeia 1968: 592 - 601." type="journal article" year="1968">Thorson (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB105DC299BE01" box="[279,1220,2350,2350]" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB105DC544BEFA" box="[279,793,2350,2517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Chemoreception</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF0105DC299BEFA" box="[828,1220,2350,2517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Grassman and Owens
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE102FC597BE56" author="Grassman, M. A. & D. W. Owens" box="[866,970,2396,2425]" firstAuthor="Grassman" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref75791" refString="Grassman, M. A., and D. W. Owens. 1981 a. Evidence of olfactory imprinting in loggerhead turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 19: 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1981">(1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FC2A102FC21FBE56" author="Grassman, M. A. & D. W. Owens" box="[998,1090,2396,2425]" firstAuthor="b" journalOrPublisher="Am. Zool." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="924" part="21" refId="ref75827" refString="Grassman, M. A., and D. W. Owens. 1981 b. Olfactory imprinting in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). Am. Zool. 21: 924 (Abstract)." title="Olfactory imprinting in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta)" type="journal volume" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE10F9C22EBE88" author="Grassman, M. A." box="[866,1139,2442,2471]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref75754" refString="Grassman, M. A. 1984. The chemosensory behavior ofjuvenile sea turtles: implications for chemical imprinting. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Texas A & M University, College Station." type="book" year="1984">Grassman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE10CBC2C6BEFA" author="Owens, D. W. & D. C. Comuzzie & M. A. Grassman" box="[866,1179,2488,2517]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref87073" refString="Owens, D. W., D. C. Comuzzie, and M. A. Grassman. 1986. Chemoreception in the homing and orientation behavior of amphibians and reptiles, with special reference to sea turtles. Pages 341 - 355 in D. Duvall, D. Muller-Schwarze, and R. M. Siverstein (eds.), Chemical signals in vertebrates, Vol. IV, Ecology, evolution, and comparative biology. Plenum Press, New York." type="book" year="1986">Owens et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1099C299BD27" box="[279,1220,2538,2568]" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1099C544BD27" box="[279,793,2538,2568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Colloid osmotic pressure</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01099C299BD27" box="[828,1220,2538,2568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF11099C2E5BD28" author="Scholander, P. & A. R. Hargens & S. L. Miller" box="[829,1208,2538,2567]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="321 - 328" refId="ref91531" refString="Scholander, P. F A. R. Hargens, and S. L. Miller. 1968. Negative pressure in the interstitial fluids of animals. Science (Wash., DC) 161: 321 - 328" type="journal article" year="1968">Scholander et al. (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB136FC299BD33" box="[279,1220,2588,2588]" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB136FC544BD48" box="[279,793,2588,2663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Dehydration</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF0136FC299BD48" box="[828,1220,2588,2663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF1136FC274BD16" author="Bennett, J. M." box="[829,1065,2588,2617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref65970" refString="Bennett, J. M. 1983. Dehydration and drinking in hatchling loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. Unpubl. B. S. (Vet.) Thesis. University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Bennett (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Bennett
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE1339C27FBD48" author="Bennett, J. M. & L. E. Taplin & C. Grigg" box="[866,1058,2634,2663]" firstAuthor="Bennett" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="507 - 513" refId="ref66034" refString="Bennett, J. M., L. E. Taplin, andG. C. Grigg. 1986. Sea water drinking as a homeostatic response to dehydration in hatchling loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 83 A: 507 - 513." type="journal article" year="1986">et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1308C299BDB6" box="[279,1220,2683,2713]" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1308C544BDB6" box="[279,793,2683,2713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Drowning: time until</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01308C299BDB6" box="[828,1220,2683,2713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF11308C24EBDB7" author="Parker, G. H." box="[829,1043,2683,2712]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="157 - 159" refId="ref87486" refString="Parker, G. H. 1925. The time of submergence necessary to drown alligators and turtles. Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5: 157 - 159." type="journal article" year="1925">Parker (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB13DEC299BDE5" box="[279,1220,2733,2762]" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB13DEC544BDE5" box="[279,793,2733,2762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Eggs: chemistry</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF013DEC299BDE5" box="[828,1220,2733,2762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF013DEC2F6BDE5" author="Yamauchi, K. & H. Takeshita & T. Deguchi & C. L. Haan & S. Haga & T. Ohashi" box="[828,1195,2733,2762]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref96935" refString="Yamauchi, K., H. Takeshita, T. Deguchi, C. L. Haan, S. Haga, and T. Ohashi. 1984. Some chemical compositions of turtle eggs, Caretta caretta. Bull. Fac. Agric. Miyazaki Univ. 31 (2): 155 - 160 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1984">Yamauchi et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB13ACC299BDF0" box="[279,1220,2783,2783]" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB13ACC544BC05" box="[279,793,2783,2858]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Eggs: water absorption</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF013ACC299BC05" box="[828,1220,2783,2858]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Cunningham and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAF127EC209BC05" author="Cunningham, B. & A. Hurwitz" box="[867,1108,2829,2858]" firstAuthor="Cunningham" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="590 - 595" refId="ref70442" refString="Cunningham, B., and A. Hurwitz. 1936. Water absorption by reptile eggs during incubation. Am. Nat. 70: 590 - 595." type="journal article" year="1936">Hurwitz (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1233C299BC72" box="[279,1220,2880,2909]" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1233C544BC72" box="[279,793,2880,2909]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Electrical activity</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01233C299BC72" box="[828,1220,2880,2909]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCF21233C5A1BC72" author="Susie, V." box="[830,1020,2880,2909]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="81 - 87" refId="ref94288" refString="Susie, V. 1972. Electrographic and behavioural correlations of the rest-activity cycle in the sea turtle, Caretta caretta L. (Chelonia). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 10 (l): 81 - 87." type="book chapter" year="1972">Susie (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFEDB1201C299BC5D" box="[279,1220,2930,2930]" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFEDB1201C544BC92" box="[279,793,2930,3005]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Endocrinology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFCF01201C299BC92" box="[828,1220,2930,3005]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Owens and Morris
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6FCAE12D3C59FBC92" author="Owens, D. W. & Y. A. Morris" box="[866,962,2976,3005]" firstAuthor="Owens" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="723 - 735" refId="ref87219" refString="Owens, D. W., and Y. A. Morris. 1985. The comparative endocrinology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 723 - 735." type="journal article" year="1985">(1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8DFFA6FB3218DECE26BC94" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF8D004CFB3B18DACEF3BC93" box="[1271,2222,425,3004]" colsContinueFrom="21.[279,1220,429,3005]" gridcols="2" gridrows="33" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B18DACEF3B6E4" box="[1271,2222,425,459]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B18DAC0AEB6E4" box="[1271,1779,425,459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Subject</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8D004CF8D218DACEF3B6E4" box="[1822,2222,425,459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B188DCEF3B532" box="[1271,2222,510,541]" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B188DC0AEB532" box="[1271,1779,510,541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Gas exchange: adults</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D2188DCEF3B532" box="[1822,2222,510,541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8E8188DCECEB534" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & P. L. Lutz & H. Baier" box="[1828,2195,510,539]" journalOrPublisher="J. exp. Biol" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="365 - 372" part="31" refId="ref83545" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. P. L. Lutz, and H. Baier. 1987. Gas exchange in the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta. J. exp. Biol / l 31: 365 - 372." title="Gas exchange in the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1987">Lutcavage et al. (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1B43CEF3B560" box="[1271,2222,560,591]" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1B43C0AEB560" box="[1271,1779,560,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Gas exchange: eggs</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21B43CEF3B560" box="[1822,2222,560,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1B43CE6FB562" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[1826,2098,560,589]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Zool." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="575 - 583" part="20" refId="ref64199" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1980. Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs. Am. Zool. 20: 575 - 583." title="Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs." type="journal article" year="1980">Ackerman (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1B11CEF3B54D" box="[1271,2222,610,610]" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1B11C0AEB582" box="[1271,1779,610,685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Gas exchange: embryos</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21B11CEF3B582" box="[1822,2222,610,685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1B11CE67B550" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[1826,2106,610,639]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="757 - 765" part="1981" refId="ref64229" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1981 a. Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta). Copeia 1981: 757 - 765." title="Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta" type="journal article" year="1981">Ackerman (1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8871BE3C1FFB582" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[1867,1954,656,685]" firstAuthor="b" journalOrPublisher="Physiol. Zool." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="316 - 324" part="54" refId="ref64259" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1981 b. Oxygen consumption by sea turtle {Chelonia, Caretta) eggs during development. Physiol. Zool. 54: 316 - 324." title="Oxygen consumption by sea turtle {Chelonia, Caretta) eggs during development" type="journal article" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1BB0CEF3B5CD" box="[1271,2222,707,738]" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1BB0C0AEB5CD" box="[1271,1779,707,738]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Gas exchange: nests</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21BB0CEF3B5CD" box="[1822,2222,707,738]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1BB0CE6FB5CF" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[1826,2098,707,736]" journalOrPublisher="Respir. Physiol." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="19 - 38" part="31" refId="ref64167" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1977. The respiratory gas exchange of sea turtle nests (Chelonia, Caretta). Respir. Physiol. 31: 19 - 38." title="The respiratory gas exchange of sea turtle nests (Chelonia, Caretta)." type="journal article" year="1977">Ackerman (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1B85CEF3B5D9" box="[1271,2222,758,758]" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1B85C0AEB40B" box="[1271,1779,758,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Genetic variation</td>
|
||
|
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21B85CEF3B45F" box="[1822,2222,758,880]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EF1B85CE0FB43C" author="Smith, M. H. & H. O. Hillestad & M. N. Manlove & D. O. Straney & J. M. Dean" box="[1827,2130,758,787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="302 - 312" refId="ref92993" refString="Smith, M. H., H. O. Hillestad, M. N. Manlove, D. O. Straney, and J. M. Dean. 1978. Management implications of genetic variability in loggerhead and green sea turtles. XHIth Congress of Game Biologists, pp. 302 - 312." type="proceedings paper" year="1978">Smith et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8851A57CE46B46E" author="Harry, J. L." box="[1865,2075,804,833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76577" refString="Harry, J. L. 1983. Genetic aspects of the breeding structure of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus). Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. MacQuarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Harry (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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||
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|
; Gyuris
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8841A20C1F5B45F" author="Gyuris, E." box="[1864,1960,851,880]" firstAuthor="Gyuris" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref76417" refString="Gyuris, E. 1984. Genetic variation and its relevance to its population structure of sea turtles. M. S. Thesis. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia." type="book" year="1984">(1984)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
|
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</tr>
|
||
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1AF7CEF3B4AB" box="[1271,2222,900,900]" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1AF7C0AEB4FF" box="[1271,1779,900,976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Gut: function</td>
|
||
|
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<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21AF7CEF3B4FF" box="[1822,2222,900,976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1AF7CE31B48E" author="Birse, R. F. & J. Davenport" box="[1826,2156,900,929]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref66235" refString="Birse, R. F., and J. Davenport. 1987. A study of gut function in young loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta L. at various temperatures. Herpetological J. 1: 170 - 175." type="journal article" year="1987">Birse and Davenport</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88B1AC0C1F5B4FF" author="Clark, D. R., Jr. & A. J. Krynitsky" box="[1863,1960,947,976]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref69537" refString="Clark, D. R., Jr., and A. J. Krynitsky. 1980. Organochlorine residues in eggs ofloggerhead and green sea turtles nesting at Merritt Island, Florida - July and August 1976. Pestic. Monit. J. 14: 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1980">(1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1A96CEF3B32B" box="[1271,2222,997,1028]" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1A96C0AEB32B" box="[1271,1779,997,1028]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Heart beat: diving</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21A96CEF3B32B" box="[1822,2222,997,1028]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EF1A96CE39B32D" author="Lanteri, A. & R. Lloze & H. Roussel" box="[1827,2148,997,1026]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="337 - 341" refId="ref81156" refString="Lanteri, A., R. Lloze, and H. Roussel. 1981. Diving and heart beat compounds in the marine turtle Caretta caretta (Linne) (Reptilia, Testudines). Amphibia-Reptilia l (3 - 4): 337 - 341." type="book chapter" year="1981">Lanteri et al. (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1D64CEF3B319" box="[1271,2222,1047,1078]" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1D64C0AEB319" box="[1271,1779,1047,1078]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Histochemistry: kidney</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21D64CEF3B319" box="[1822,2222,1047,1078]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1D64C1BBB31B" author="More, N. K." box="[1826,2022,1047,1076]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="173 - 179" refId="ref85879" refString="More, N. K. 1977. Mucopolysaccharide heterogeneity of the reptilian kidney basement membranes. Acta Histochem. 60 (2): 173 - 179. '" type="journal article" year="1977">More (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1D3ACEF3B366" box="[1271,2222,1097,1097]" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1D3AC0AEB3EB" box="[1271,1779,1097,1220]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Histochemistry: lacrimal glands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21D3ACEF3B3EB" box="[1822,2222,1097,1220]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Schmidt-Nielsen and Fange (1958); Abel and Ellis (1966)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1DAACEF3B3D8" box="[1271,2222,1241,1271]" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1DAAC0AEB3D8" box="[1271,1779,1241,1271]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">H-Y antigen: cytotoxicity assay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21DAACEF3B3D8" box="[1822,2222,1241,1271]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1DAACE58B3D9" author="Wellins, DJ" box="[1825,2053,1241,1270]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="46 - 52" refId="ref95959" refString="Wellins, DJ. 1987. Use of an H-Y antigen assay for sex determination in sea turtles. Copeia 1987: 46 - 52." type="journal article" year="1987">Wellins (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1C78CEF3B206" box="[1271,2222,1291,1321]" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1C78C0AEB206" box="[1271,1779,1291,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Hybridization</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21C78CEF3B206" box="[1822,2222,1291,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EE1C78CE70B207" author="Kamezaki, N." box="[1826,2093,1291,1320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="52 - 53" refId="ref79807" refString="Kamezaki, N. 1983. The possibility of hybridization between the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, and the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, in specimens hatched from eggs collected in Chita peninsula. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 10 (2): 52 - 53 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1983">Kamezaki (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1C4ECEF3B212" box="[1271,2222,1341,1341]" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1C4EC0AEB2A7" box="[1271,1779,1341,1416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Immune reaction</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21C4ECEF3B2A7" box="[1822,2222,1341,1416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Wangersky and Lane
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88A1C18C1FAB2A7" author="Wangersky, E. D. & C. E. Lane" box="[1862,1959,1387,1416]" firstAuthor="Wangersky" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="330 - 331" refId="ref95898" refString="Wangersky, E. D., and C. E. Lane. 1960. Interaction between the plasma of the loggerhead turtle and toxin of the Portugese man-of-war. Nature 185: 330 - 331." type="journal article" year="1960">(1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1CEECEF3B294" box="[1271,2222,1437,1467]" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1CEEC0AEB294" box="[1271,1779,1437,1467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Immunocytochemistry</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21CEECEF3B294" box="[1822,2222,1437,1467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1CEECE31B295" author="Pearson, A. K. & G. Z. Wurst & J. E. Cadle" box="[1825,2156,1437,1466]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="13 - 37" refId="ref87898" refString="Pearson, A. K., G. Z. Wurst, and J. E. Cadle. 1983. Ontogeny and immunocytochemical differentiation of the pituitary gland in a sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Anat. Embryol. 167: 13 - 37." type="journal article" year="1983">Pearson et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1CBCCEF3B2C1" box="[1271,2222,1487,1518]" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1CBCC0AEB2C1" box="[1271,1779,1487,1518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Karyotypes</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21CBCCEF3B2C1" box="[1822,2222,1487,1518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1CBCCE44B2C3" author="Bickham, J. W." box="[1825,2073,1487,1516]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref66204" refString="Bickham, J. W. 1979. Karyotypes of sea turtles and the karyological relationships of the Cheloniidae. Am. Zool. 19: 983 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Bickham (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1F71CEF3B10F" box="[1271,2222,1538,1568]" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1F71C0AEB10F" box="[1271,1779,1538,1568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Nutrition</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21F71CEF3B10F" box="[1822,2222,1538,1568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1F71CE4BB130" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[1825,2070,1538,1567]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">Bjorndal (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1F40CEF3B17D" box="[1271,2222,1587,1618]" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1F40C0AEB17D" box="[1271,1779,1587,1618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Pineal: melatonin activity</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21F40CEF3B17D" box="[1822,2222,1587,1618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1F40CEFCB17F" author="Owens, D. W. & W. A. Gern" box="[1825,2209,1587,1616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref87161" refString="Owens, D. W., and W. A. Gern. 1985. The pineal gland and melatonin in sea turtles. Pages 645 - 648 in B. Lofts and W. N. Holmes (eds.), Current trends in comparative endocrinology. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong." type="book" year="1985">Owens and Gern (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1F15CEF3B149" box="[1271,2222,1638,1638]" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1F15C0AEB19F" box="[1271,1779,1638,1712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Proteins: electrophoresis</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21F15CEF3B19F" box="[1822,2222,1638,1712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1F15CE0DB1AC" author="Smith, M. H. & H. O. Hillestad & M. N. Manlove & D. O. Straney & J. M. Dean" box="[1825,2128,1638,1667]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="302 - 312" refId="ref92993" refString="Smith, M. H., H. O. Hillestad, M. N. Manlove, D. O. Straney, and J. M. Dean. 1978. Management implications of genetic variability in loggerhead and green sea turtles. XHIth Congress of Game Biologists, pp. 302 - 312." type="proceedings paper" year="1978">Smith et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88A1FE0CEC6B19F" author="Lapennas, G. N. & P. L. Lutz" box="[1862,2203,1683,1712]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 74" refId="ref81249" refString="Lapennas, G. N., and P. L. Lutz. 1982. Oxygen affinity of sea turtle blood. Respir. Physiol. 48: 59 - 74." type="journal article" year="1982">Braddon et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1FB6CEF3B1EA" box="[1271,2222,1733,1733]" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1FB6C0AEB012" box="[1271,1779,1733,1853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Renal function: adaptation</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21FB6CEF3B012" box="[1822,2222,1733,1853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EC1FB6CE3AB1CD" author="Tercafs, R. R. & E. Schoffeniels" box="[1824,2151,1733,1762]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="614 - 615" refId="ref94599" refString="Tercafs, R. R., E. Schoffeniels, andG. Goussef. 1963. Blood composition of a sea-turtle Caretta caretta L., reared in fresh water. Archs Int. Physiol. Biochem. 71: 614 - 615." type="journal article" year="1963">Tercafs et al. (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Schoffeniels and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8891E53CE75B012" author="Schoffeniels, E. & R. R. Tercafs" box="[1861,2088,1824,1853]" firstAuthor="Schoffeniels" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 8" part="96" refId="ref91473" refString="Schoffeniels, E., and R. R. Tercafs. 1966. Adaptation d'un reptile marin, Caretta caretta L. a l'eau douce et d'un reptile d'eau douce, Clemmys leprosa L. a l' eau de mer. Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg. 96: 1 - 8." title="Adaptation d'un reptile marin, Caretta caretta L. a l'eau douce et d'un reptile d'eau douce, Clemmys leprosa L. a l' eau de mer." type="journal article" year="1966">Tercafs (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1E21CEF3B05F" box="[1271,2222,1874,1904]" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1E21C0AEB05F" box="[1271,1779,1874,1904]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Renal function: salts and water</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21E21CEF3B05F" box="[1822,2222,1874,1904]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1E21C1A0B040" author="Prange, H. D." box="[1825,2045,1874,1903]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="771 - 776" refId="ref88451" refString="Prange, H. D. 1985. Renal and extra-renal mechanisms of salt and water regulation of sea turtles: a speculative review. Copeia 1985: 771 - 776." type="journal article" year="1985">Prange (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1EF0CEF3B0AC" box="[1271,2222,1923,1923]" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1EF0C0AEB0E1" box="[1271,1779,1923,1998]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Respiration: anoxia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21EF0CEF3B0E1" box="[1822,2222,1923,1998]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EC1EF0CEF5B08F" author="Bentley, T. B. & P. L. Lutz" box="[1824,2216,1923,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref66084" refString="Bentley, T. B., and P. L. Lutz. 1979. Diving anoxia and nitrogen breathing anoxia in the marine loggerhead turtles. Am. Zool. 19: 982 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Bentley and Lutz (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88A1EC2CE01B0E1" author="Lutz. P. L .. & J. C. LaManna & MR. Adams & M. Rosenthai" box="[1862,2140,1969,1998]" journalOrPublisher="Respir. Physiol." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="241 - 251" part="41" refId="ref83689" refString="Lutz. P. L .. J. C. LaManna. MR. Adams, and M. Rosenthai. 1980. Cerebral resistance to anoxia in the marine turtle. Respir. Physiol. 41: 241 - 251." title="Cerebral resistance to anoxia in the marine turtle." type="journal article" year="1980">Lutz et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1E91CEF3B0CD" box="[1271,2222,2018,2018]" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1E91C0AEBF02" box="[1271,1779,2018,2093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Respiration: diving</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21E91CEF3BF02" box="[1822,2222,2018,2093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8ED1E91CEFAB0D0" author="Lutz. P. L. & T. B. Bentley" box="[1825,2215,2018,2047]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="671 - 679" part="1985" refId="ref83619" refString="Lutz. P. L., and T. B. Bentley. 1985. Respiratory physiology of diving in the sea turtle. Copeia 1985: 671 - 679." title="Respiratory physiology of diving in the sea turtle" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutz and Bentley (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88A1163CE08BF02" author="Lutcavage. M. E." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Miami. Coral Gables. FL." box="[1862,2133,2064,2093]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref83504" refString="Lutcavage. M. E. 1987. Gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics and diving in the loggerhead sea turtle. Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Miami. Coral Gables. FL." title="Gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics and diving in the loggerhead sea turtle. Caretta caretta." type="book" year="1987">Lutcavage (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1131CEF3BF6D" box="[1271,2222,2114,2114]" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1131C0AEBFA2" box="[1271,1779,2114,2189]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Respiration: lung volume</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21131CEF3BFA2" box="[1822,2222,2114,2189]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Milsom and Johansen
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8881103C1F9BFA2" author="Milsom, W. K. & K. Johansen" box="[1860,1956,2160,2189]" firstAuthor="Milsom" journalOrPublisher="Comp. Physiol." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="157 - 160" part="98" refId="ref85433" refString="Milsom, W. K., and K. Johansen. 1975. The effect of buoyancy induced lung volume changes on respiratory frequency in a chelonian {Caretta caretta). J. Comp. Physiol. 98: 157 - 160." title="The effect of buoyancy induced lung volume changes on respiratory frequency in a chelonian {Caretta caretta). J" type="journal article" year="1975">(1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B11D1CEF3BF8D" box="[1271,2222,2210,2210]" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B11D1C0AEBFC2" box="[1271,1779,2210,2285]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Retina: function</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D211D1CEF3BFC2" box="[1822,2222,2210,2285]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Bass and Northcutt
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88811A3C1C1BFC2" author="Bass, A. H. & R. G. Northcutt" box="[1860,1948,2256,2285]" firstAuthor="Bass" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref65609" refString="Bass, A. H., and R. G. Northcutt. 1975. Retinal projections in the Atlantic loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta): an autoradiographic study. Anat. Rec. 181: 308 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1975">(1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F87511A3C1A2BFC2" author="Bass, A. H. & R. G. Northcutt" box="[1977,2047,2256,2285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="253 - 264" refId="ref65653" refString="Bass, A. H., and R. G. Northcutt. 1981. Primary retinal targets in the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Cell Tissue Res. 218: 253 - 264." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1070CEF3BE0F" box="[1271,2222,2307,2336]" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1070C0AEBE0F" box="[1271,1779,2307,2336]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Sound reception</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21070CEF3BE0F" box="[1822,2222,2307,2336]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8EC1070CE23BE0F" author="Lenhardt, M. L. & S. Bellmund & R. A. Byles & S. W. Harkins & A. Musick" box="[1824,2174,2307,2336]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref81725" refString="Lenhardt, M. L., S. Bellmund, R. A. Byles, S. W. Harkins, andJ. A. Musick. 1983. Marine turtle reception of boneconducted sound. J. Aud. Res. 23: 119 - 125." type="journal article" year="1983">Lenhardt et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1046CEF3BE1A" box="[1271,2222,2357,2357]" gridrow="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1046C0AEBE81" box="[1271,1779,2357,2478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Thermal biology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D21046CEF3BE81" box="[1822,2222,2357,2478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8D31046CE60BE7D" author="Mrosovsky, N." box="[1823,2109,2357,2386]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="531 - 547" refId="ref86000" refString="Mrosovsky, N. 1980. Thermal biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 531 - 547." type="journal article" year="1980">Mrosovsky (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Spotila and Standora
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88810E2C1F9BE81" author="Spotila, J. R. & E. A. Standora" box="[1860,1956,2449,2478]" firstAuthor="Spotila" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="694 - 702" refId="ref93352" refString="Spotila, J. R., and E. A. Standora. 1985. Environmental constraints on the thermal energetics of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 694 - 702." type="journal article" year="1985">(1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B10B0CEF3BECE" box="[1271,2222,2499,2529]" gridrow="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B10B0C0AEBECE" box="[1271,1779,2499,2529]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Thyroid physiology</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D210B0CEF3BECE" box="[1822,2222,2499,2529]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8D210B0CE26BECF" author="Wibbels, T. & D. W. Owens & M. S. Amoss & C. J. Limpus" box="[1822,2171,2499,2529]" firstAuthor="Wibbels" journalOrPublisher="Am. Zool." pageId="21" pageNumber="15" part="26" refId="ref96106" refString="Wibbels, T., D. W. Owens, M. S. Amoss, and C. J. Limpus. 1986 b. Seasonal changes in the serum testosterone titers of loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Am. Zool. 26 (4): 2 A (Abstract)." title="Seasonal changes in the serum testosterone titers of loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta" type="journal volume" year="1986">Wibbels et al. (1986b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B1369CEF3BD17" box="[1271,2222,2586,2616]" gridrow="27" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B1369CEF3BD17" box="[1271,2222,2586,2616]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8DFFA6F9A31369C171BD17" bold="true" box="[1647,1836,2586,2616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Techniques</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B133ECEF3BD62" box="[1271,2222,2637,2637]" gridrow="28" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B133EC0AEBDB8" box="[1271,1779,2637,2711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Blood sampling</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D2133ECEF3BDB8" box="[1822,2222,2637,2711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8D2133ECEC3BD45" author="Owens, D. W." box="[1822,2206,2637,2666]" firstAuthor="Owens" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref87287" refString="Owens, D. W., andGJ. Ruiz. 1980. New methods of obtaining blood and cerebrospinal fluid from marine turtles. Herpetologica 36: 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1980">Owens and Ruiz (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88F1309CE77BDB8" author="Bennett, J. M." box="[1859,2090,2682,2711]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref66008" refString="Bennett, J. M. 1986. A method for sampling blood from hatchling loggerhead turtles. Herpetol. Rev. 17: 43." type="journal volume" year="1986">Bennett (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B13DFCEF3BD83" box="[1271,2222,2732,2732]" gridrow="29" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B13DFC0AEBDD8" box="[1271,1779,2732,2807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Electrode implants</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D213DFCEF3BDD8" box="[1822,2222,2732,2807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Kovacevic and Susie
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F88F13A9C1F9BDD8" author="Kovacevic, N. & V. Susie" box="[1859,1956,2778,2807]" firstAuthor="Kovacevic" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="89 - 90" refId="ref80657" refString="Kovacevic, N., and V. Susie. 1971. Recording electric activity of the sea turtle Caretta caretta (Chelonia). Arch. Biol. Sei. 23 (l- 2): 89 - 90." type="journal article" year="1971">(1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B127FCEF3BC06" box="[1271,2222,2828,2857]" gridrow="30" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B127FC0AEBC06" box="[1271,1779,2828,2857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Electrophoresis</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D2127FCEF3BC06" box="[1822,2222,2828,2857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8D3127FCE29BC06" author="Braddon, S. A. & B. B. Caffrey & R. Pike" box="[1823,2164,2828,2857]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref66790" refString="Braddon, S. A., B. B. Caffrey, andJ. R. Pike. 1982. Identification of suspect sea turtle meat samples and determination of species, a law enforcement problem. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC-TM- 105." type="journal volume" year="1982">Braddon et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B124DCEF3BC11" box="[1271,2222,2878,2878]" gridrow="31" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B124DC0AEBCA6" box="[1271,1779,2878,2953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Muscle biopsies</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D2124DCEF3BCA6" box="[1822,2222,2878,2953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
Gyuris and Limpus
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F888121FC1F9BCA6" author="Gyuris, E. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1860,1956,2924,2953]" firstAuthor="Gyuris" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" pagination="333 - 334" refId="ref76449" refString="Gyuris, E., and C. J. Limpus. 1986. Rapid method for immobilization and collection of sea turtle muscle biopsies for electrophoresis. Aust. Wildl. Res. 13: 333 - 334." type="journal article" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8D004CFB3B12EDCEF3BC93" box="[1271,2222,2974,3004]" gridrow="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CFB3B12EDC0AEBC93" box="[1271,1779,2974,3004]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">Sexing</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8D004CF8D212EDCEF3BC93" box="[1822,2222,2974,3004]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="15">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8DFFA6F8D212EDCE26BC94" author="Wibbels, T. & D. W. Owens & M. S. Amoss" box="[1822,2171,2974,3003]" pageId="21" pageNumber="15" refId="ref96163" refString="Wibbels, T., D. W. Owens, and M. S. Amoss. 1987 a. Seasonal changes in the serum testosterone titers of loggerhead sea turtles captured along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. Pages 59 - 64 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Wibbels et al. (1987a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FF8EFF91FED5183DC2E2B0EB" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FED5183DC4D0B65A" blockId="22.[281,653,334,424]" box="[281,653,334,373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF8EFFA5FED5183DC4D0B65A" box="[281,653,334,373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">2. DISTRIBUTION</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FEB518F1C4D8B687" blockId="22.[281,653,334,424]" box="[377,645,386,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FF8EFFA5FEB518F1C4D8B687" box="[377,645,386,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">2.1 Total Area</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FE8F1890C439B313" blockId="22.[281,1224,483,1084]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Loggerhead turtles are circumglobal, inhabiting continental shelfs, bays, lagoons, and estuaries in the temperate, subtropical and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. The major nesting grounds are generally located in warm temperate and subtropical regions, with the exception of Masirah Island, Oman. Nesting does occur in tropical regions, but such nesting is scattered and represents a small fraction of the species' nesting efforts. Foraging areas are largely unknown, although warm temperate zone nesters are known to migrate to tropical waters in Australia and Africa after the nesting season.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FE8F1D0AC2CFBFC1" blockId="22.[276,1228,1145,2286]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
Individual loggerheads have been reported in waters as far north as Newfoundland (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FCBE1DDEC23DB3FA" author="Squires, HJ" box="[882,1120,1197,1237]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref93460" refString="Squires, HJ. 1954. Records of marine turtles in the Newfoundland area. Copeia 1954: 68." type="journal volume" year="1954">Squires 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and northern Europe to the U. S. S. R. (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FCA11DACC2E5B228" author="Konstantinov, K." box="[877,1208,1247,1287]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref80634" refString="Konstantinov, K. 1965. Turtle in Barents Sea. Priroda (Mosc) 3: 111 (In Russian)." type="journal volume" year="1965">Konstantinov 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FED61C62C412B215" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[282,591,1297,1338]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) in the Atlantic, and the State of Washington, U. S.A. (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FD5F1C30C501B243" author="Hodge, R. P." box="[659,860,1347,1388]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref77446" refString="Hodge, R. P. 1982. Geographic distribution: Caretta carettagigas. Herpetol. Rev. 13: 24." type="journal volume" year="1982">Hodge 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and Peter-the-Great Bay in the Maritime Province of the U. S. S. R. (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB8A1C06C4FCB2E1" author="Terentjev, P. V. & A. S. Chernov" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref94644" refString="Terentjev, P. V., and A. S. Chernov. 1949. Key to the reptiles and amphibians. Moscow (In Russian)." type="book" year="1949">Terentjev and Chernov 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In the Southern Hemisphere, the loggerhead is found as far south as Tasmanian waters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FE501F79C51DB11D" author="Scott, E. O. G. & B. C. Mollison" box="[412,832,1546,1586]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="59 - 63" refId="ref92172" refString="Scott, E. O. G., and B. C. Mollison. 1956. The Indo-Pacific redbrown loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta gigas Deraniyagala, and the leathery turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Linne) in Tasmanian waters. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 90: 59 - 63." type="journal article" year="1956">Scott and Mollison 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC971F79C275B11D" author="Green, R. H." box="[859,1064,1546,1586]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref76196" refString="Green, R. H. 1971. Sea turtles round Tasmania. Rec. Queen Victoria Mus. 38: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1971">Green 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), to 42° S in New Zealand (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FD8F1F4FC56AB14C" author="McCann. C" box="[579,823,1596,1635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC9F1F4FC251B14C" author="Robb, J." box="[851,1036,1596,1635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref90341" refString="Robb, J. 1980. New Zealand amphibians and reptiles. Collins, Auckland, New Zealand." type="book" year="1980">Robb 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FBEB1F4FC7DCB1B9" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and even to Stewart Island off southern New Zealand (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FE761FD3C554B1E7" author="J. Straffon & F. Goldsmith" box="[442,777,1696,1736]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="111 - 112" refId="ref65419" refString="Bailance, A. P .. J. Straffon, and F. Goldsmith. 1985 - 86. Turtle record from Stewart Island. Tane 31: 111 - 112." type="journal article" year="1985">Ballance et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
- 1986). In South America, loggerheads are known from as far south as Mar del Plata in Argentina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FDAB1E76C50CB003" author="Frazier, J." box="[615,849,1797,1836]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) on the east coast and to Coquimbo on the coast of Chile (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC5B1E44C731B0BE" author="Frazier, J. & S. Salas" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="63 - 73" refId="ref74201" refString="Frazier, J., and S. Salas. 1982. Tortugas marinas en Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 39: 63 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazier and Salas 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Specific nesting locations are discussed in this section, listed in Tables 4 and 5, and delineated in
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF8EFFA5FB851EE8C774B0DB" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[270,322,1238,1274]" captionTargetBox="[253,2212,317,1183]" captionText="Fig. 5. Worldwide nesting locations of the loggerhead. Stars represent major nesting locations arid circles indicate minor nesting areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224184/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Figures 5</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF8EFFA5FE491EBEC7CBB0DB" box="[389,406,1997,2036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[265,322,2924,2964]" captionTargetBox="[307,2192,1348,2882]" captionText="Fig. 6. Nesting locations of the loggerhead in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Heavy stippling represents major areas of nesting; light stippling represents areas of lesser but still important nesting concentrations; arrows represent areas with sporadic but consistent nesting, or areas where loggerheads have nested only rarely." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224186/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">6</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The worldwide distribution of the loggerhead has been summarized by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FD3C1E8CC440BF76" author="National Marine Fisheries Service" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref86462" refString="National Marine Fisheries Service. 1978. Final Environmental Impact Statement. Listing and protecting green sea turtle {Chelonia mydas), loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta) and Pacific ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivaced) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. National Marine Fisheries Service, Washington, DC." type="journal volume" year="1978">National Marine Fisheries Service (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FD861142C53BBF76" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[586,870,2097,2137]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref88516" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1967. Living turtles of the world. T. F. H. Publ. Inc., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1967">Pritchard (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC5B1142C5B7BF76" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[919,1002,2097,2137]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FBD31142C7DEBFA4" author="Sternberg, J." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref93702" refString="Sternberg, J. 1981. The worldwide distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1981">Sternberg (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FE531110C55EBFA4" author="Groombridge, B." box="[415,771,2147,2187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref76221" refString="Groombridge, B., (compiler). 1982. The IUCN Amphibia-Reptilia red data book. Part 1. Testudines, Crocodylia, Rhynchocephalia. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1982">Groombridge (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FCEC1110C5B6BFA4" author="Ross, J. P." box="[800,1003,2147,2187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB991110C7DEBF92" author="Mager" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref83774" refString="Mager. A .. Jr. 1985. Five-year status reviews of sea turtles listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. National Marine Fisheries Service, Washington. DC." type="journal volume" year="1985">Mager (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Both nesting and nonnesting range extensions are many, and a brief summary by ocean follows.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FE8D1058C790BDCE" blockId="22.[278,1222,2347,2785]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
In the northeastern Atlantic, there are widespread records ofloggerheads from Europe, especially from the British Isles; strandings have been summarized by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FED410B3C438BEC7" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[280,613,2496,2536]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and are primarily of juvenile and subadult turtles (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF8EFFA5FD8C1080C4F5BD35" box="[576,680,2547,2586]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[303,360,1651,1688]" captionTargetBox="[291,2133,316,1602]" captionText="Fig. 7. Histogram showing size frequency distribution of loggerheads stranded along European coasts of the Atlantic Ocean (Brongersma 1972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224188/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Additional observations have been recorded for Ireland (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FCDF1356C731BD51" author="O'Riordan, C. E. & J. M. C. Holmes" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="152 - 153" refId="ref86970" refString="O'Riordan, C. E., and J. M. C. Holmes. 1978. Marine fauna notes from the National Museum ofIreland. 5. Passengers on the North Atlantic Current. Ir. Nat. J. 19 (5): 152 - 153." type="journal article" year="1978">O'Riordan and Holmes 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Spain (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FDCF1324C4B5BD51" author="Pascual, X." box="[515,744,2647,2686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref87772" refString="Pascual, X. 1985. Contribucion al estudio de las tortugas en las costas Espanolas. I. Distribution. Misc. Zool. 9: 287 - 294." type="journal article" year="1985">Pascual 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and France (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC131324C2EDBD51" author="Fretey, J." box="[991,1200,2647,2686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">Fretey 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads do not nest anywhere on the Atlantic coast of Europe.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FE8C1253C019B2B1" blockId="22.[277,1220,2848,3037]" lastBlockId="22.[1273,2217,333,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
In the Mediterranean,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8EFFA5FD0B1253C573BC69" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[711,814,2848,2886]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8EFFA5FD0B1253C573BC69" box="[711,814,2848,2886]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
has been recorded from Spain, including the Baleares Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC0C1221C2EBBC56" author="Salvador, A." box="[960,1206,2898,2937]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref90954" refString="Salvador, A. 1978. Materiales para una " herpetofauna Balearica ". 5. Las salamanquesas y tortugas del archipelago de Cabrera. Dofiana, Acta Vertebr. 5: 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1978">Salvador 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FED612F7C739BC84" author="Salvador, A." box="[282,356,2948,2987]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref90990" refString="Salvador, A. 1985. Guia de campo de los anfibios y reptiles de la Peninsula Iberica, Islas Baleares y Canarias. Unigraf, S. A. Fuenlabrada, Madrid." type="book" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FE4B12F7C434BC84" author="Pascual, X." box="[391,617,2948,2987]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref87772" refString="Pascual, X. 1985. Contribucion al estudio de las tortugas en las costas Espanolas. I. Distribution. Misc. Zool. 9: 287 - 294." type="journal article" year="1985">Pascual 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FD4712F7C50ABC84" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[651,855,2948,2987]" firstAuthor="Carr" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="103 - 121" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." type="journal article" year="1986">Carr 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), France (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FBDF12F7C7A6BCF2" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="15 - 22" refId="ref72436" refString="Euzet, L., and C. Combes. 1962. Deux trematodes digenes de Thalassochelys caretta (L). Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 87: 15 - 22." type="journal article" year="1962">Euzet and Combes 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FDDB12C5C56EBCF2" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes & A. Triquell" box="[535,819,2998,3037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="157 - 167" refId="ref72472" refString="Euzet, L., C. Combes, and A. Triquell. 1972. Sur deux trematodes de Caretta caretta (L.) des cotes Mediterraneenes Franchises. Vie Milieu, Ser. A 23 (1): 157 - 167." type="journal article" year="1972">Euzet et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FC8312C5C261BCF2" author="Dumont, M." box="[847,1084,2998,3037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="224 - 227" refId="ref71149" refString="Dumont, M. 1974. Les cheloniens de France. Leur avenir, leur protection. Courr. Nat. No. 33: 224 - 227." type="book chapter" year="1974">Dumont 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB9B12C5C31AB65A" author="Fretey, J." box="[1111,1351,333,3037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74328" refString="Fretey, J. 1975. Guide des reptiles et batrachians de France. Hatier, France." type="book" year="1975">Fretey 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAA9183EC3EBB65A" author="Fretey, J." box="[1381,1462,333,373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Corsica (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9A2183EC16DB65A" author="Bruno, S." box="[1646,1840,333,373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="209 - 450" refId="ref67530" refString="Bruno, S. 1973. Anfibi d'ltalia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XVII). Natura. Soc. It. Sei. Nat. Museo Civ. St. Nat. et Acquario Civ. Milano 64 (3 - 4): 209 - 450." type="journal article" year="1973">Bruno 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F886183ECE6CB65A" author="Dumont, M." box="[1866,2097,333,373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="224 - 227" refId="ref71149" refString="Dumont, M. 1974. Les cheloniens de France. Leur avenir, leur protection. Courr. Nat. No. 33: 224 - 227." type="book chapter" year="1974">Dumont 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: mostly 60-70 cm animals;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F97718F3C1C9B687" author="Fretey, J." box="[1723,1940,384,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74328" refString="Fretey, J. 1975. Guide des reptiles et batrachians de France. Hatier, France." type="book" year="1975">Fretey 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F80918F3CE45B687" author="Fretey, J." box="[1989,2072,384,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Italy, including Sicily and Lampedusa Island (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F85018C0CEF8B6F5" author="Doderlein, P." box="[1948,2213,435,474]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref72113" refString="Doderlein, P. 1881. Rivista della fauna sicula dei vertebrati. Nuove Effermeridi Siciliane, Palermo, Vol. XI, pp. 1 - 92." type="book chapter" year="1881">Doderlein 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB361896C3A5B523" author="Despott, G." box="[1274,1528,485,524]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="73 - 75" refId="ref71721" refString="Despott, G. 1924. Cattura di due esemplari di Chelone mydas Schw. nei mari di Malta. Natur. Siciliano 4: 73 - 75." type="journal article" year="1924">Despott 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9E71896C150B523" author="Bruno, S." box="[1579,1805,485,524]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8881896C1CFB523" author="Bruno, S." box="[1860,1938,485,524]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8041896CE49B523" author="Bruno, S." box="[1992,2068,485,524]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="209 - 450" refId="ref67530" refString="Bruno, S. 1973. Anfibi d'ltalia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XVII). Natura. Soc. It. Sei. Nat. Museo Civ. St. Nat. et Acquario Civ. Milano 64 (3 - 4): 209 - 450." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7801896CEF8B523" author="Bruno, S." box="[2124,2213,485,524]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref67580" refString="Bruno, S. 1978. Le tartarughe nei mari italiani e nel Mediterraneo. Natura e Montagna No. 3: 5 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB371B64C073B510" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1275,1582,535,575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F99D1B64C17FB510" author="Massa" box="[1617,1826,535,575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="789 - 804" refId="ref84454" refString="Massa. B. 1974. Appunti sulla biogeografia delle isole Egadi. Universero (Flor.) 54: 789 - 804." type="journal article" year="1974">Massa 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8881B64C308B55E" author="Bruno, S. & S. Maugeri" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67606" refString="Bruno, S., and S. Maugeri. 1976 - 77. Rettili d'ltalia. A. Martello-Giunti Ed., Firenze, 2 vols., 368 pp." type="journal volume" year="1976">Bruno and Maugeri 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
- 1977;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA1F1B39C081B55E" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1491,1756,586,625]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9311B39CE54B55E" author="Honegger, R. E." box="[1789,2057,586,625]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref77590" refString="Honegger, R. E. 1978. Threatened amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Counc. Europe, Nature Environ. Ser. No. 15." type="book" year="1978">Honegger 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7E41B39C076B58B" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9821B0FC138B58B" author="Gramentz, D." box="[1614,1893,636,676]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref75732" refString="Gramentz, D. 1986. Loggerhead turtles at Lampedusa, Italy. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 36: 3." type="journal volume" year="1986">Gramentz 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Sardinia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7F21B0FC30DB5F9" author="Bruno, S." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAAF1BDDC141B5F9" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1379,1820,686,726]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Greece (Werner 1984
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8EFFA5FB371B93C34AB428" box="[1275,1303,736,775]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAF91B93C072B428" author="Mertens, R." box="[1333,1583,736,775]" journalOrPublisher="Senckenb. Biol." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="l- 29" part="4" refId="ref85057" refString="Mertens, R. 1961. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Insel Korfu. Senckenb. Biol. 4 (l- 2): l- 29." title="Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Insel Korfu" type="journal article" year="1961">Mertens 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9AC1B93C109B428" author="Basoglu, M." box="[1632,1876,736,775]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 21" refId="ref65524" refString="Basoglu, M. 1973. Deniz kaplumbagalari ve komsu memleketlerin sahillerinde kaydedilen turtler. Turk Biyol. Derg., Istanbul, 23: 12 - 21." type="journal article" year="1973">Basoglu 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F84E1B93CEC7B428" author="Honegger, R. E." box="[1922,2202,736,775]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref77590" refString="Honegger, R. E. 1978. Threatened amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Counc. Europe, Nature Environ. Ser. No. 15." type="book" year="1978">Honegger 1978</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB371A60C3B7B415" author="Marinos, P." box="[1275,1514,787,826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref84166" refString="Marinos, P. 1977. Zakynthos - tourism and environment. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Salford, United Kingdom." type="book" year="1977">Marinos 1977</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9C71A60C008B415" author="Marinos, P." box="[1547,1621,787,826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="13 - 14" refId="ref84193" refString="Marinos, P. 1981. On the distribution of sea turtles in Greek waters. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 19: 13 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9B91A60C1E2B415" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1653,1983,787,826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F82D1A60CE71B415" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[2017,2092,787,826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7821A60CEC4B415" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[2126,2201,787,826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB361A36C0E4B442" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1274,1721,837,877]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9161A36C1AAB442" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1754,2039,837,877]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland 1985</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7D41A36C312B48E" author="Langton, T." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref81134" refString="Langton, T. 1987. Zakynthos: loggerhead protection enters critical phase. Herpetofauna News No. 7: 1." type="journal volume" year="1987">Langton 1987</bibRefCitation>
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), Bulgaria (
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9D91A0AC1C6B48E" author="Beskov, V. & P. Beron" box="[1557,1947,889,929]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref66172" refString="Beskov, V., and P. Beron. 1964. Catalogue et bibliographie des amphibiens et des reptiles en Bulgarie. Acad. Bulgare des Sei., Sofia." type="book" year="1964">Beskov and Beron 1964</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F87F1A0ACEC9B48E" author="Basoglu, M." box="[1971,2196,889,929]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 21" refId="ref65524" refString="Basoglu, M. 1973. Deniz kaplumbagalari ve komsu memleketlerin sahillerinde kaydedilen turtler. Turk Biyol. Derg., Istanbul, 23: 12 - 21." type="journal article" year="1973">Basoglu 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
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), the Adriatic (
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA211ADFC09FB4FA" author="Steuer, A." box="[1517,1730,940,981]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="275 - 299" refId="ref93726" refString="Steuer, A. 1905. Uber das Kiemenfilter und die Nahrung adriatischer Fische. Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 55: 275 - 299." type="journal article" year="1905">Steuer 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
), Turkey (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8441ADFCEC4B4FA" author="Hathaway, R. R." box="[1928,2201,940,981]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref76659" refString="Hathaway, R. R. 1972. Sea turtles, unanswered questions about sea turtles in Turkey. Balik ve Balikcilik, Ankara, 20: 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1972">Hathaway 1972</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB371AACC382B327" author="Basoglu, M." box="[1275,1503,991,1032]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 21" refId="ref65524" refString="Basoglu, M. 1973. Deniz kaplumbagalari ve komsu memleketlerin sahillerinde kaydedilen turtler. Turk Biyol. Derg., Istanbul, 23: 12 - 21." type="journal article" year="1973">Basoglu 1973</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA311AACC1FEB327" author="Basoglu, M. & I. Baran" box="[1533,1955,991,1032]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="69 - 71" refId="ref65553" refString="Basoglu, M., and I. Baran. 1982. Anadolu sahillerinden toplanan deniz kaplumbagasi materyeli uzerinde kisa bir rapcr. (Some marine turtles from the coasts of Anatolia Turkey.) Doga Bilim Derg., Ser. A 6 (2): 69 - 71 (In Turkish)." type="journal article" year="1982">Basoglu and Baran 1982</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F80D1AACC317B314" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAA21D60C069B314" author="Sella, I." box="[1390,1588,1043,1083]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9981D60CE7FB314" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1620,2082,1043,1083]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Israel (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAC51D34C3ADB35F" author="Basoglu, M." box="[1289,1520,1095,1136]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 21" refId="ref65524" refString="Basoglu, M. 1973. Deniz kaplumbagalari ve komsu memleketlerin sahillerinde kaydedilen turtler. Turk Biyol. Derg., Istanbul, 23: 12 - 21." type="journal article" year="1973">Basoglu 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9DE1D34C080B35F" author="Sella, I." box="[1554,1757,1095,1136]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
), Cyprus (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F86D1D34C0B5B38C" author="Demetropoulos, A. & M. Hadjichristophorou" firstAuthor="Demetropoulos" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref70851" refString="Demetropoulos, A., and M. Hadjichristophorou. 1982. Turtle conservation in Cyprus. Biol. Soc. Cyprus Bull. 2: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1982">Demetropoulos and Hajichristophorou 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8C51D08C1E4B38C" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1801,1977,1147,1187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross 1982</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8141D08C3BFB3FA" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9C11DDDCEC8B3FA" author="Demetropoulos, A. & M. Lambert" box="[1549,2197,1198,1237]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="22 - 27" refId="ref70881" refString="Demetropoulos, A., and M. Lambert. 1986. Herpetology in Cyprus. Br. Herpetol. Soc. Bull. No. 17: 22 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1986">Demetropoulos and Lambert 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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), Egypt (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAB71D92C06AB227" author="Looss, A." box="[1403,1591,1249,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="521 - 784" refId="ref83070" refString="Looss, A. 1899. Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Trematoden-Fauna Aegyptens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 12: 521 - 784." type="journal article" year="1899">Looss 1899</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9991D92C0C3B227" author="Looss, A." box="[1621,1694,1249,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">1901</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9731D92C157B227" author="Looss, A." box="[1727,1802,1249,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8EA1D92C1B5B227" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1830,2024,1249,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref65729" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1923. Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae. Part III. Camallanidae, etc. with a note on Probstmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15: 1 - 13, 14 - 23, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1923">Baylis 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7C81D92CEC4B227" author="Sey, O." box="[2052,2201,1249,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB301C60C39CB214" author="Sella, I." box="[1276,1473,1299,1339]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
|
|
Sella 1982
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA781C60C17DB214" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1460,1824,1299,1339]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">a, Brongersma 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Libya (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8001C60CEC7B214" author="Bruno, S." box="[1996,2202,1299,1339]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FB371C36C3A3B243" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1275,1534,1349,1388]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9D21C36C14CB243" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[1566,1809,1349,1388]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="37 - 80" refId="ref91349" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1987. Contributions to the herpetology ofKouf National Park (NE-Libya) and adjacent area. Spixiana 10 (l): 37 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Schleich 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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), and Tunisia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7E41C36C06EB2B1" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFA5FAEF1CAAC047BE9A" blockId="22.[1273,2217,1497,2485]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
According to
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9DD1CAAC176B12F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1553,1835,1497,1536]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
, nesting probably occurs at scattered localities all along the north African coast, but has been recorded only for Tunisia and Libya. Nesting still occurs on Lampedusa Island, Cyprus, Greece (particularly on Zakynthos Island and perhaps at Korfu), Israel, and Turkey (see references in Tables 4 and 5).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA4C1E76C03EB002" author="Bruno, S." box="[1408,1635,1797,1837]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">Bruno (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
was told of dead hatchlings found on Isole Eolie, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9AF1E44C1D1B070" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1635,1932,1847,1887]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
speculated that nesting might still occur on Isole Egadi. Fretey (personal communication) believes reports of nesting in Sicily to be in error.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FA0E1EBEC0C2B0DA" author="Fretey, J." box="[1474,1695,1997,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">Fretey (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
stated that loggerheads nested, or might still nest, at Aleria on the east side of Corsica although the last confirmed nesting in Corsica was in 1932 (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAA81117C06CBFA4" author="Bruno, S." box="[1380,1585,2148,2187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="209 - 450" refId="ref67530" refString="Bruno, S. 1973. Anfibi d'ltalia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XVII). Natura. Soc. It. Sei. Nat. Museo Civ. St. Nat. et Acquario Civ. Milano 64 (3 - 4): 209 - 450." type="journal article" year="1973">Bruno 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F99E1117C16FBFA4" author="Bruno, S." box="[1618,1842,2148,2187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F8451117CEF5BFA4" author="Honegger, R. E." box="[1929,2216,2148,2187]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref77590" refString="Honegger, R. E. 1978. Threatened amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Counc. Europe, Nature Environ. Ser. No. 15." type="book" year="1978">Honegger (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
mentioned a number of nesting locations on the Italian coasts.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5FAB011B4C039BFC0" author="Bruno, S." box="[1404,1636,2247,2287]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref67580" refString="Bruno, S. 1978. Le tartarughe nei mari italiani e nel Mediterraneo. Natura e Montagna No. 3: 5 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1978">Bruno (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed a map with historic and present locations of records of sea turtles along the Italian coasts, but the map is a composite record for several species, and nesting is not necessarily indicated at each location.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8EFFAFFAEF1080C446B0BE" blockId="22.[1272,2215,2547,3037]" lastBlockId="28.[302,1245,1849,1937]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
On the west coast of Africa, there is little precise distributional information.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F9221356C339BD51" author="Loveridge, A. & E. E. Williams" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="163 - 557" refId="ref83207" refString="Loveridge, A., and E. E. Williams. 1957. Revision of the African tortoises and turtles of the suborder Cryptodira. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115: 163 - 557." type="journal article" year="1957">Loveridge and Williams (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded loggerheads from Morocco, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Zaire, Southwest Africa (Namibia), and questionably from Cameroon.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F81A13C8C33EBC3A" author="Brongersma, L. D." pageId="22" pageNumber="16" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Brongersma (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
believed the records for Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon, and Zaire were based on
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8EFFA5F8AF1253CEFBBC68" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1891,2214,2848,2887]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8EFFA5F8AF1253CEFBBC68" box="[1891,2214,2848,2887]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Lepidochelys olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
rather than
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8EFFA5FA011221C037BC57" box="[1485,1642,2898,2936]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8EFFA5FA011221C03DBC57" box="[1485,1632,2898,2936]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Additional records for Morocco were provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F99712F7C1F2BC83" author="Doumergue, F." box="[1627,1967,2948,2988]" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="197 - 260" refId="ref72229" refString="Doumergue, F. 1899. Essai sur la fauna erpetologique de l'Oranie. Soc. Geogr. et d'Archeol. Prov. d'Oran 19: 197 - 260, 501 - 532." type="journal article" year="1899">Doumergue (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8EFFA5F7E912F7C04EBCF2" author="Pasteur, C & J. Bons" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref87803" refString="Pasteur, C, and J. Bons. 1960. Catalogue des reptiles du Maroc. Trav. Inst. Sei. Cherifien Ser. Zool. 21: 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1960">Pasteur and Bons (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8EFFA5F9B312C5C0B4BCF2" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1663,1769,2998,3037]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="22" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8EFFA5F9B312C5C0B4BCF2" box="[1663,1769,2998,3037]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="16">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is included in Pellegrin's (1912) and Bons' (1972) checklists of Moroccan herpetofauna.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF8FFFA4FF30181DC169B683" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FF8FFFA4FF30181DC169B683" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF8FFFA4FF30181DC169B683" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" startId="23.[252,351,366,395]" targetBox="[256,2216,492,3032]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8FFFA4FF30181DC169B683" blockId="23.[252,2187,345,442]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
Table 4.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8FFFA4FE6F181EC362B6AF" box="[419,1343,345,394]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Nesting locations and nesting seasons for loggerhead sea turtles</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF8FFFA4FA941812C001B653" box="[1368,1628,351,382]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8FFFA4F9BF182CC16DB683" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">(Not every reference contains specific mention of the nesting season although at least one of the references listed does so</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF8F004CFECC189FCEF5BCF7" box="[256,2216,492,3032]" colsContinueIn="24.[295,2256,420,3046]" gridcols="14" gridrows="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8FFFA4FBE7189FCED5BCF7" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFECC189FCEF5B526" box="[256,2216,492,521]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFD19189FC392B526" box="[725,1487,492,521]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Month</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFECC1B46CEF5B546" box="[256,2216,565,617]" gridrow="1" isHeader="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1B46C406B546" box="[256,603,565,617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CF9911B46CEF5B546" box="[1629,2216,565,617]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFECC1BE9CEF5B593" box="[256,2216,666,700]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1BE9CEF5B593" box="[256,2216,666,700]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF8FFFA4FECC1BEDC4D0B597" bold="true" box="[256,653,666,700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Western Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFECD1BAAC78BB5D8" box="[257,470,729,759]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1BAAC406B5D8" box="[256,603,729,759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">United States</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CF9971B9EC100B43E" box="[1627,1885,749,785]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21B9EC2C4B43E" box="[1150,1177,749,785]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21B84C2C4B40B" box="[1150,1177,759,804]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911B9ECEF5B43E" box="[1629,2216,749,785]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911B84CEF5B40B" box="[1629,2216,759,804]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9971B9EC100B43E" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1627,1885,749,785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFBB71B84C2D0B40B" box="[1147,1165,759,804]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1B84C406B40B" box="[256,603,759,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CF9971A6EC17EB46F" box="[1627,1827,797,832]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21A6EC2C4B46F" box="[1150,1177,797,832]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21A56C2C4B47C" box="[1150,1177,805,851]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911A6ECEF5B46F" box="[1629,2216,797,832]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911A56CEF5B47C" box="[1629,2216,805,851]" gridcol="13" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9971A6EC17EB46F" author="Mohr, C. E." box="[1627,1827,797,832]" journalOrPublisher="Delaware Conservationist" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="22" part="17" refId="ref85707" refString="Mohr, C. E. 1973. Delaware's first sea turtle eggs reported. Delaware Conservationist 17 (2): 22." title="Delaware's first sea turtle eggs reported" type="journal volume" year="1973">Mohr (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFBB01A56C2D0B47C" box="[1148,1165,805,851]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1A56C406B47C" box="[256,603,805,851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Delaware</th>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CF9971A38C116B441" box="[1627,1867,843,878]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21A38C2C4B441" box="[1150,1177,843,878]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21A27C2C4B4AE" box="[1150,1177,852,897]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911A38CEF5B441" box="[1629,2216,843,878]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911A27CEF5B4AE" box="[1629,2216,852,897]" gridcol="13" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9971A38C116B441" author="Graham, S." box="[1627,1867,843,878]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFBB01A27C2D0B4AE" box="[1148,1165,852,897]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1A27C406B4AE" box="[256,603,852,897]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911A07CEF5B4E3" box="[1629,2216,884,972]" gridcol="13" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
(1978);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9331AD0C1B8B4E3" author="Musick, J. A." box="[1791,2021,931,972]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref86210" refString="Musick, J. A. 1979 a. The marine turtles of Virginia, with notes on identification and natural history. Va. Inst. Mar. Sei. Ed. Serv. No. 24, 17 pp." type="book" year="1979">Musick (1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19796)
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFEE51AA2CEDCB39B" box="[297,2177,977,1204]" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1AA2C406B39B" box="[256,603,977,1204]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFC2F1AA2C252B39B" box="[995,1039,977,1204]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1AA2C212B39B" box="[1075,1103,977,1204]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21AA2C2C4B39B" box="[1150,1177,977,1204]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691AA2C2B7B39B" box="[1189,1258,977,1204]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911AA2CEF5B39B" box="[1629,2216,977,1204]" gridcol="13" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9911AA2C176B4D6" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1629,1835,977,1017]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8841AA2CE51B4D6" author="Coles, R. J." box="[1864,2060,977,1017]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref69882" refString="Coles, R. J. 1914. Egg-laying in the loggerhead turtle. Copeia (4): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Coles (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F7E61AA2C0BEB306" author="Rebel, T. P." pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8CC1D73C19BB306" author="Dodd, C. K., Jr." box="[1792,1990,1024,1065]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref72007" refString="Dodd, C. K., Jr. 1978. Terrestrial critical habitat and marine turtles. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="1978">Dodd (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Musick
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F94F1D5CC0AEB378" author="Musick, J. A." box="[1667,1779,1071,1111]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref86210" refString="Musick, J. A. 1979 a. The marine turtles of Virginia, with notes on identification and natural history. Va. Inst. Mar. Sei. Ed. Serv. No. 24, 17 pp." type="book" year="1979">(1979a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8DD1D5CCE1CB378" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1809,2113,1071,1111]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref93897" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1981. Summary of the loggerhead sea turtle research project conducted at Canaveral National Seashore, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore: A final report 1980. NPS Res. / Resour. Manage. Rep. No. 39." type="book" year="1981">Stoneburner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9481D2EC13BB3AB" author="Crouse, D. T." box="[1668,1894,1117,1156]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="143 - 155" refId="ref70305" refString="Crouse, D. T. 1984 a. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in North Carolina: applications of an aerial survey. Biol. Conserv. 29: 143 - 155." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||
|
|
Crouse (1984
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8941D2EC18DB3AB" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[1880,2000,1117,1156]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">a, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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); Ferris
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9481DE3C0B9B39B" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1668,1764,1168,1204]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFEE01DCACE24B2B7" box="[300,2169,1209,1432]" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1DCAC406B2B7" box="[256,603,1209,1432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">South Carolina</th>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFC2F1DCAC252B2B7" box="[995,1039,1209,1432]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1DCAC212B2B7" box="[1075,1103,1209,1432]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21DCAC2C4B2B7" box="[1150,1177,1209,1432]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691DCAC2B7B2B7" box="[1189,1258,1209,1432]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911DCACEF5B2B7" box="[1629,2216,1209,1432]" gridcol="13" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9931DCAC10AB3F0" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1631,1879,1209,1247]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8B81DCAC081B220" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
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a, 19596);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F84B1D94CE11B220" author="Dodd, C. K., Jr." box="[1927,2124,1255,1295]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref72007" refString="Dodd, C. K., Jr. 1978. Terrestrial critical habitat and marine turtles. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="1978">Dodd (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F94A1C61C184B214" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" box="[1670,2009,1298,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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; Stancyk
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; Talbert et al.
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F94A1C1CC0BAB2B7" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[1670,1767,1391,1432]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">(1980)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8CF1C1CCE24B2B7" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" box="[1795,2169,1391,1432]" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">Andre and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFEE11CECCED6B092" box="[301,2187,1439,1981]" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1CECC406B092" box="[256,603,1439,1981]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Georgia</th>
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||
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFC2F1CECC252B092" box="[995,1039,1439,1981]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1CECC212B092" box="[1075,1103,1439,1981]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21CECC2C4B092" box="[1150,1177,1439,1981]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691CECC2B7B092" box="[1189,1258,1439,1981]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911CECCEF5B092" box="[1629,2216,1439,1981]" gridcol="13" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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DeSola and Abrams (1933);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F94B1CBFC18BB2DC" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1671,2006,1484,1523]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
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a, 19596);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9441C88C1CEB10C" author="Ragotzkie, R. A." box="[1672,1939,1531,1571]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="303 - 305" refId="ref89199" refString="Ragotzkie, R. A. 1959. Mortality of loggerhead turtle eggs from excessive rainfall. Ecology 40: 303 - 305." type="journal article" year="1959">Ragotzkie (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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; Caldwell (19626);
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9451F25C113B152" author="Dodd, C. K., Jr." box="[1673,1870,1622,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref72007" refString="Dodd, C. K., Jr. 1978. Terrestrial critical habitat and marine turtles. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="1978">Dodd (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8A01F25CEDCB152" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" box="[1900,2177,1622,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">Richardson (1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9401FF0C08AB185" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." box="[1676,1751,1667,1706]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9361FF0CE22B185" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" box="[1786,2175,1667,1706]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">Richardson et al. (1978a</bibRefCitation>
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, 19786);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8C71FC1CE59B1F8" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1803,2052,1714,1751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9461FACCE09B02D" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1674,2132,1759,1794]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9471E7FC1E6B01E" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1675,1979,1804,1841]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref93897" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1981. Summary of the loggerhead sea turtle research project conducted at Canaveral National Seashore, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore: A final report 1980. NPS Res. / Resour. Manage. Rep. No. 39." type="book" year="1981">Stoneburner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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; Richardson
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9471E4AC1ABB072" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" box="[1675,2038,1849,1885]" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">and Richardson (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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; Frazer
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9471E15C1A4B0A3" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1675,2041,1894,1932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="1083 - 1085" refId="ref73698" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1985 a. Seasonal variation in clutch size for loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Copeia 1985: 1083 - 1085." type="journal article" year="1985">and Richardson (1985a</bibRefCitation>
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, 19856;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9431EEAC08EB092" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1679,1747,1945,1981]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref73793" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1986. The relationship of clutch size and frequency to body size in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. J. Herpetol. 20: 81 - 84." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFEFF1EB1CEC3BCF7" box="[307,2206,1986,3032]" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1EB1C406BCF7" box="[256,603,1986,3032]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Florida (mainland)</th>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFD761EB1C59DBCF7" box="[698,960,1986,3032]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFC401EB1C59BBCF7" box="[908,966,1986,3032]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
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</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFC2F1EB1C252BCF7" box="[995,1039,1986,3032]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1EB1C212BCF7" box="[1075,1103,1986,3032]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21EB1C2C4BCF7" box="[1150,1177,1986,3032]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691EB1C2B7BCF7" box="[1189,1258,1986,3032]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB391EB1C36CBCF7" box="[1269,1329,1986,3032]" gridcol="9" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CFAEC1EB1C05BBCF7" box="[1312,1542,1986,3032]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="10" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">S</td>
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</td>
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<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911EB1CEF5BCF7" box="[1629,2216,1986,3032]" gridcol="13" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9AB1EB1C110B0C6" author="Catesby, M." box="[1639,1869,1986,2025]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref69387" refString="Catesby, M. 1731 - 43. The Natural history of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands. London, 2 vols." type="journal volume" year="1731">Catesby (1731</bibRefCitation>
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;
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; Caldwell
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,
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a, 19596);
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;
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F94311A7C0B2BFD4" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1679,1775,2260,2299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">(1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8C011A7C18CBFD4" author="Dodd, C. K., Jr." box="[1804,2001,2260,2299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref72007" refString="Dodd, C. K., Jr. 1978. Terrestrial critical habitat and marine turtles. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="1978">Dodd (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ehrhart
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9431072C1F8BE08" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1679,1957,2305,2343]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; LeBuff and Hagan (1978);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F84B1043CE32BE79" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1927,2159,2352,2390]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95F102EC083BEAB" author="Limpus, C. J. & J. D. Miller & P. C. Reed" box="[1683,1758,2397,2436]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="32 - 33" refId="ref82491" refString="Limpus, C. J., J. D. Miller, and P. C. Reed. 1982. Intersexuality in a loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Herpetol. Rev. 13: 32 - 33." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8CD102ECE58BEAB" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1793,2053,2397,2436]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ehrhart
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95C10F8C0ADBE9D" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1680,1776,2443,2482]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref71646" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1980. Marine turtle nesting in north Brevard County, Florida, in 1979. Fla. Sei. 43: 27 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1980">(1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8C210F8CE5BBE9D" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1806,2054,2443,2482]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95C10CBC134BEF0" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1680,1897,2488,2527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref93897" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1981. Summary of the loggerhead sea turtle research project conducted at Canaveral National Seashore, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore: A final report 1980. NPS Res. / Resour. Manage. Rep. No. 39." type="book" year="1981">Stoneburner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F84A10CBCEC3BEF0" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1926,2206,2488,2527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95E1094CE6ABD25" author="Hoffman, W. & T. H. Fritts" box="[1682,2103,2535,2570]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="405 - 409" refId="ref77468" refString="Hoffman, W., and T. H. Fritts. 1982. Sea turtle distribution along the boundary of the Gulf Stream current off eastern Florida. Herpetologica 38: 405 - 409." type="journal article" year="1982">Fritts and Hoffman (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95E1367C1BABD15" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1682,2023,2580,2618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Meylan
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95E1331C10CBD46" author="Meylan, A. B. & K. A. Bjorndal & BJ. Turner" box="[1682,1873,2626,2665]" journalOrPublisher="Biol. Conserv." pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="79 - 90" part="26" refId="ref85160" refString="Meylan, A. B., K. A. Bjorndal, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta. Biol. Conserv. 26: 79 - 90." title="Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1983">et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Williams-Walls
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95F1303C10CBDB9" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" box="[1683,1873,2672,2710]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ehrhart and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95813EEC106BDEB" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & P. W. Raymond" box="[1684,1883,2717,2756]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref71920" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and P. W. Raymond. 1983. Loggerhead {Caretta caretta) and green turtle {Chelonia mydas) nesting densities on a major east-central Florida nesting beach. Am. Zool. 23: 963 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1983">Raymond (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Raymond (19846);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95913BFCE65BDC0" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1685,2104,2764,2799]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F959138AC1DBBC30" author="Kushlan, J. A." box="[1685,1926,2809,2847]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="51 - 52" refId="ref80956" refString="Kushlan, J. A. 1986. Atlantic loggerhead turtle nesting status in southwest Florida. Herpetol. Rev. 17: 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1986">Kushlan (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Witherington
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F959125BC0A8BC61" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1685,1781,2856,2894]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F8DF125BC197BC61" author="Lund, F." box="[1811,1994,2856,2894]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref83335" refString="Lund, F. 1978. Atlantic loggerhead. Pages 35 - 36 in R. W. McDiarmid (ed.), Rare and endangered biota of Florida. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville." type="book" year="1978">Lund (1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F826125BCE68BC61" author="Lund, F." box="[2026,2101,2856,2894]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Ehrhart and Witherington
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95A12F0C0ABBC85" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" box="[1686,1782,2947,2986]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">(1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ehrhart and Raymond
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F95B12C2C0AABCF7" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & P. W. Raymond" box="[1687,1783,2993,3032]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref72039" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and P. W. Raymond. 1987. Loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, and green turtle, Chelonia mydas, nesting densities in South Brevard County, Florida, 1981 - 84. Pages 21 - 25 in W. N. Witzell (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">(1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Provancha and Ehrhart
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8FFFA4FD761B48CE2CB4B2" box="[698,2161,571,925]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFD761B46C485B546" box="[698,728,565,617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFD3C1B46C545B546" box="[752,792,565,617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">F</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFCFC1B46C529B546" box="[816,884,565,617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFC401B46C59BB546" box="[908,966,565,617]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFC2F1B46C252B546" box="[995,1039,565,617]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1B46C212B546" box="[1075,1103,565,617]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21B46C2C4B546" box="[1150,1177,565,617]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFB691B46C2B7B546" box="[1189,1258,565,617]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFB391B46C36CB546" box="[1269,1329,565,617]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">S</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFAFD1B46C338B546" box="[1329,1381,565,617]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">O</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFAB11B46C3EBB546" box="[1405,1462,565,617]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">N</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFA021B46C05BB546" box="[1486,1542,565,617]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">D</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CF9911AF1CEF5B49E" box="[1629,2216,898,945]" gridcol="13" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F9901A07C177B4B2" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1628,1834,884,925]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F88B1A07C1A2B4B2" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1863,2047,884,925]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF8FFFA4F7D11A07CE2CB4B2" author="Dodd, C. K., Jr." box="[2077,2161,884,925]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref72007" refString="Dodd, C. K., Jr. 1978. Terrestrial critical habitat and marine turtles. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="1978">Dodd</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF8FFFA4FEEB1AE0C282B48D" box="[295,1247,898,945]" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CF9901A07CE2CB4E3" box="[1628,2161,884,972]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF8F004CFBFE1AF1C282B49E" box="[1074,1247,898,945]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1A07C406B4E3" box="[256,603,884,972]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF8F004CFECC1AF1C406B49E" box="[256,603,898,945]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">Virginia</th>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1A07C212B4E3" box="[1075,1103,884,972]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBFF1AF1C212B49E" box="[1075,1103,898,945]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21A07C2C4B4E3" box="[1150,1177,884,972]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFBB21AF1C2C4B49E" box="[1150,1177,898,945]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691A07C2B7B4E3" box="[1189,1258,884,972]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF8F004CFB691AF1C2B7B49E" box="[1189,1258,898,945]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="17">A</td>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF80FFABFEF8183DC4DDB65D" box="[308,640,334,370]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" startId="24.[308,406,334,370]" targetBox="[295,2256,420,3046]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="24" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF80FFABFEF8183DC4DDB65D" blockId="24.[305,2244,334,390]" box="[308,640,334,370]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Table 4. Continued.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF80004CFEEB18D7CE8DBCC9" box="[295,2256,420,3046]" colsContinueFrom="23.[256,2216,492,3032]" colsContinueIn="25.[260,2216,426,2927]" gridcols="14" gridrows="22" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF80FFABFBAD18D7C158BCC9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB18D7CE8DB6E8" box="[295,2256,420,455]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-13="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFD2418D7C060B6E8" box="[744,1597,420,455]" colspan="12" colspanRight="11" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Month</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1889CE8DB532" box="[295,2256,506,541]" gridrow="1" isHeader="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1889C4EFB532" box="[295,690,506,541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CF94D1889CE8DB532" box="[1665,2256,506,541]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1BD6CE8DB58A" box="[295,2256,677,677]" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1B3CCE8DB58A" box="[1665,2256,591,677]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
(1987);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8FC1B3CC14EB58A" author="Conley, W. J. & B. A. Hoffman" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="201 - 210" refId="ref69977" refString="Conley, W. J., and B. A. Hoffman. 1987. Nesting activity of sea turtles in Florida, 1979 - 1985. Fla. Sei. 50: 201 - 210." type="journal article" year="1987">Conley and Hoffman (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1BDECE8DB5F4" box="[295,2256,685,731]" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
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<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1BDEC4EFB42F" box="[295,690,685,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Florida (keys)</th>
|
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<td id="31346033FF80004CFC041BDEC5BBB5F4" box="[968,998,685,731]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51BDEC20AB5F4" box="[1033,1111,685,731]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1BDEC2D0B5F4" box="[1111,1165,685,731]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
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<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1BDECE8DB42F" box="[1665,2256,685,768]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
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||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9411BDEC13AB5FE" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[1677,1895,685,721]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="77 - 113" refId="ref73081" refString="Fowler, H. W. 1906. Some cold-blooded vertebrates from the Florida Keys. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. 58: 77 - 113." type="journal article" year="1906">Fowler (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF84F1BDECEDBB5FE" author="Audubon, JJ" bookContentInfo="G. A. Baker and Co., NY" box="[1923,2182,685,721]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="194 - 202" refId="ref64848" refString="Audubon, JJ. 1926. The Turtlers. Pages 194 - 202 in Delineations of American scenery and character, G. A. Baker and Co., NY." title="The Turtlers." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Delineations of American scenery and character" year="1926">Audubon (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97E1BAFC199B42F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1714,1988,732,768]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref88721" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 A. Recovered sea turtle populations and U. S. Recovery Team efforts. Pages 503 - 511 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
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|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1A79CE8DB419" box="[295,2256,778,822]" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
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<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1A79C4EFB419" box="[295,690,778,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Mississippi</th>
|
||
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|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1A79C2D0B419" box="[1111,1165,778,822]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
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<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1A79CE8DB419" box="[1665,2256,778,822]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9401A79C112B401" author="Allen, M. J." box="[1676,1871,778,814]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 20" part="542" refId="ref64358" refString="Allen, M. J. 1932. A survey of amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. Am. Mus. Novit. No. 542, pp. 1 - 20." title="A survey of amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi." type="book chapter" year="1932">Allen (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8A01A79CED8B401" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1900,2181,778,814]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1A4BCE8DB44A" box="[295,2256,824,869]" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
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<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1A4BC4EFB4A2" box="[295,690,824,909]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Bahamas</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFC041A4BC5BBB44A" box="[968,998,824,869]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51A4BC20AB44A" box="[1033,1111,824,869]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1A4BC2D0B44A" box="[1111,1165,824,869]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1A4BC29DB44A" box="[1185,1216,824,869]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
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|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1A4BCE8DB4A2" box="[1665,2256,824,909]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9401A4BC1F8B473" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1676,1957,824,860]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Bacon et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97E1A14C14FB4A2" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[1714,1810,871,909]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">(1984)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEFE1AE7CE8DB367" box="[306,2256,916,1096]" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1AE7C4EFB367" box="[295,690,916,1096]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Cuba a</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1AE7C2D0B367" box="[1111,1165,916,1096]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1AE7C29DB367" box="[1185,1216,916,1096]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271AE7C352B367" box="[1259,1295,916,1096]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1AE7CE8DB367" box="[1665,2256,916,1096]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9411AE7C1B9B496" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[1677,2020,916,953]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Cardona and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97D1AB7C19DB4C7" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[1713,1984,964,1000]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">de la Rua (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
; Kermarrec
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97E1A81C14FB339" author="Kermarrec, A." box="[1714,1810,1010,1046]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="99 - 108" refId="ref80416" refString="Kermarrec, A. 1976. Le Statut des tortues dans les Antilles Francaises. Nouv. Agron. Antilles-Guyane 2: 99 - 108." type="journal article" year="1976">(1976)</bibRefCitation>
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|
; Gavilan and Andreu
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97D1D52C14CB367" author="Gavilan, F. M. & G. N. Andreu" box="[1713,1809,1057,1096]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref75314" refString="Gavilan, F. M., and G. N. Andreu. 1983. Informe nacional sobre la actividad desarrollada por Cuba en el estudio y conservation de las tortugas marinas. Centro Invest. Pesq., Dept. Cria Exper., M. I. P." type="book" year="1983">(1983)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1D3CCE8DB35E" box="[295,2256,1103,1137]" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1D3CCE8DB35E" box="[295,2256,1103,1137]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Mexico</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFE9A1D0ECECBB21F" box="[342,2198,1149,1328]" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1D0EC4EFB21F" box="[295,690,1149,1328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Quintana Roo</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51D0EC20AB21F" box="[1033,1111,1149,1328]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1D0EC2D0B21F" box="[1111,1165,1149,1328]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1D0EC29DB21F" box="[1185,1216,1149,1328]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271D0EC352B21F" box="[1259,1295,1149,1328]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1D0ECE8DB21F" box="[1665,2256,1149,1328]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9401D0CC134B38C" author="Ramos, P. R." box="[1676,1897,1151,1187]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref89326" refString="Ramos, P. R. 1974. Generalidades sobre la pesqueria de tortugas marinas en Isla Mujeres, Q _. Roo. Inst. Nac. Pesca (Mexico) Ser. Divulg. No. 7, 9 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ramos (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF84A1D0CCE12B38C" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1926,2127,1151,1187]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97D1DDDC1FFB3FD" author="Marquez, R." box="[1713,1954,1198,1234]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84255" refString="Marquez, R. 1976 a. Reservas naturales para la conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Mexico. Inst. Nac. Pesca, Mexico. No. 83, 22 pp." type="book" year="1976">Marquez (1976</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF80E1DDDCE50B3FD" author="Marquez, R." box="[1986,2061,1198,1234]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84324" refString="Marquez, R. 1978 a. Sea turtles, in W. Fischer (ed.), FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, western central Atlantic (fishing area 31), Vol. 6, UN / FAO, Rome, Italy." type="journal volume" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
*);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97D1DAEC189B22E" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[1713,2004,1245,1281]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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; Carr et al.
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9631C7FC14CB21F" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1711,1809,1292,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
;
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8E21C7FCE00B21F" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[1838,2141,1292,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1C4BCE8DB249" box="[295,2256,1336,1382]" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1C4BC4EFB2A4" box="[295,690,1336,1419]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Tamaulipas</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1C4BC29DB249" box="[1185,1216,1336,1382]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271C4BC352B249" box="[1259,1295,1336,1382]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11C4BC309B249" box="[1341,1364,1336,1382]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1C4BCE8DB2A4" box="[1665,2256,1336,1419]" gridcol="13" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9461C49C1DFB271" author="Marquez, R." box="[1674,1922,1338,1374]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84324" refString="Marquez, R. 1978 a. Sea turtles, in W. Fischer (ed.), FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, western central Atlantic (fishing area 31), Vol. 6, UN / FAO, Rome, Italy." type="journal volume" year="1978">Marquez (1978</bibRefCitation>
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*); Carr et al.
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9631C1BC14DB2A4" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1711,1808,1384,1419]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
;
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8E21C1BCE1EB2A4" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[1838,2115,1384,1419]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand (1982</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF7A81C1BCEF5B2A4" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[2148,2216,1384,1419]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="84 - 105" refId="ref77060" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1983. Random notes on sea turtles in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 34 - 40 in D. W. Owens, D. Crowell, G. Dienderg, M. Grassman, S. McCain, Y. Morris, N. Schwantes, and T. Wibbels (eds.), Western Gulf of Mexico sea turtle workshop proceedings. Off. Sea Grant, Tex. A & M Univ., Publ. TAMU-SG- 84 - 105." type="book chapter" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1CE7CE8DB2ED" box="[295,2256,1428,1474]" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1CE7C4EFB2ED" box="[295,690,1428,1474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Panama</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1CE7C29DB2ED" box="[1185,1216,1428,1474]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1CE7CE8DB2ED" box="[1665,2256,1428,1474]" gridcol="13" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9461CE5C1FEB295" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1674,1955,1430,1466]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1CB1CE8DB2DE" box="[295,2256,1474,1521]" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
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||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1CB1C4EFB16C" box="[295,690,1474,1603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFC041CB1C5BBB2DE" box="[968,998,1474,1521]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51CB1C20AB2DE" box="[1033,1111,1474,1521]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1CB1C2D0B2DE" box="[1111,1165,1474,1521]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1CB1C29DB2DE" box="[1185,1216,1474,1521]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271CB1C352B2DE" box="[1259,1295,1474,1521]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11CB1C309B2DE" box="[1341,1364,1474,1521]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1CB1CE8DB16C" box="[1665,2256,1474,1603]" gridcol="13" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9461CB7C1CBB2C8" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1674,1942,1476,1511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8791CB7C1A6B2C8" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1973,2043,1476,1511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF7D61CB7CE39B2C8" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[2074,2148,1476,1511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="87 - 94" refId="ref80121" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1971 a. Die Lederschildkrote Dermochelys coriacea L. in Kolumbien. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 5: 87 - 94." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
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|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF97D1C82C0ABB13A" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1713,1782,1521,1557]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8DA1C82C13EB13A" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1814,1891,1521,1557]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref80262" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1975 a. Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad. Caldasia 11 (53): 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
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*); Bacon et al.
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||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9621F53C152B16C" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[1710,1807,1568,1603]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">(1984)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1F38CE8DB154" box="[295,2256,1611,1659]" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1F38C4EFB154" box="[295,690,1611,1659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Trinidad a</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFC041F38C5BBB154" box="[968,998,1611,1659]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51F38C20AB154" box="[1033,1111,1611,1659]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1F38C2D0B154" box="[1111,1165,1611,1659]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1F38C29DB154" box="[1185,1216,1611,1659]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271F38C352B154" box="[1259,1295,1611,1659]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11F38C309B154" box="[1341,1364,1611,1659]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">s</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1F38CE8DB154" box="[1665,2256,1611,1659]" gridcol="13" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
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||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9451F3EC10EB15F" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1673,1875,1613,1648]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
; Pritchard and
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1FEDCE8DB1E6" box="[295,2256,1694,1737]" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1FEDC4EFB1E6" box="[295,690,1694,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Grenada</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1FEDC2D0B1E6" box="[1111,1165,1694,1737]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1FEDC29DB02A" box="[1185,1216,1694,1797]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
J
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271FEDC352B1E6" box="[1259,1295,1694,1737]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11FEDC309B1E6" box="[1341,1364,1694,1737]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">s</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1FEDCE8DB1E6" box="[1665,2256,1694,1737]" gridcol="13" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9451FDAC10EB1E2" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1673,1875,1705,1741]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8BC1FDACED5B1E2" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1904,2184,1705,1741]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEE31FBFCEC4B0A9" box="[303,2201,1740,1926]" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1FBFC4EFB0A9" box="[295,690,1740,1926]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">French Guiana</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFD241FBFC550B0A9" box="[744,781,1740,1926]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFCFB1FBFC517B0A9" box="[823,842,1740,1926]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">F</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFCB51FBFC5C6B0A9" box="[889,923,1740,1926]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFC041FBFC5BBB0A9" box="[968,998,1740,1926]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC51FBFC20AB0A9" box="[1033,1111,1740,1926]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1FBFC2D0B0A9" box="[1111,1165,1740,1926]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1FBFC29DB0A9" box="[1185,1216,1740,1926]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271FBFC352B0A9" box="[1259,1295,1740,1926]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11FBFC309B0A9" box="[1341,1364,1740,1926]" gridcol="9" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">s</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1FBFCE8DB0A9" box="[1665,2256,1740,1926]" gridcol="13" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9451FA4C1D6B1D4" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1673,1931,1751,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="38 - 40" refId="ref88580" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1971. Sea turtles in French Guiana. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 38 - 40." type="book chapter" year="1971">Pritchard (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8641FA4CE27B1D4" author="Fretey, J." box="[1960,2170,1751,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="10 - 21" refId="ref74346" refString="Fretey, J. 1976. Les tortues marines de Guyane Frangaise. Courr. Nat. 41: 10 - 21." type="journal article" year="1976">Fretey (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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; Fretey and Renault-Lescure
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9611E41C150B07A" author="Fretey, J. & O. Renault-Lescure" box="[1709,1805,1842,1877]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref74414" refString="Fretey, J., and O. Renault-Lescure. 1978. Presence de la tortue dans la vie des indiens Galibi de Guyane Francaise. J. d'Agric. Trad, et Bot. App. 25: 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1978">(1978)</bibRefCitation>
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; Pritchard and Trebbau
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9611E13C150B0A9" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1709,1805,1888,1926]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">(1984)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEE11EF9CEC6BF23" box="[301,2203,1930,2060]" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1EF9C4EFBF23" box="[295,690,1930,2060]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Brazil</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFA7E1EF9C3B1BF23" box="[1458,1516,1930,2060]" gridcol="11" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF9D71EF9C060BF23" box="[1563,1597,1930,2060]" gridcol="12" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1EF9CE8DBF23" box="[1665,2256,1930,2060]" gridcol="13" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF94B1EFEC1F3B09E" author="Maximilian & Wied-Neuwied" bookContentInfo="H. Bronner, Frankfurt a. M .. 2 vols." box="[1671,1966,1933,1969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84509" refString="Maximilian, [Prinz zu] Wied-Neuwied 1820. Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815 bis 1817. H. Bronner, Frankfurt a. M .. 2 vols." title="Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815 bis 1817" type="book" year="1820">Maximilian (1820)</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8071EFECECDB09E" author="Hartt, C. F." box="[1995,2192,1933,1969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref76617" refString="Hartt, C. F. 1870. Thayer expedition: Scientific results of a journey in Brazil by Louis Agassiz and his travelling companions. Geology and physical geography of Brazil. Fields, Osgood & Co., Boston." type="book" year="1870">Hartt (1870)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9611EC8C121B0F1" author="Bacon, P. R." box="[1709,1916,1979,2014]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref65087" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1981. The status of sea turtle stocks management in the western central Atlantic. WECAF Studies No. 7, 37 pp." type="book" year="1981">Bacon (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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; Pritchard and
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9671E9BC1FFBF23" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1707,1954,2024,2060]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
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||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1133CE8DBF4D" box="[295,2256,2112,2146]" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1133CE8DBF4D" box="[295,2256,2112,2146]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF80FFABFEE71133C4EDBF4D" bold="true" box="[299,688,2112,2146]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Eastern Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEE01109CE22BE2E" box="[300,2175,2170,2305]" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
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||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1109C4EFBE2E" box="[295,690,2170,2305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Senegal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1109C29DBE2E" box="[1185,1216,2170,2305]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
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||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271109C352BE2E" box="[1259,1295,2170,2305]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
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||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11109C309BE2E" box="[1341,1364,2170,2305]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">S</td>
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||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAAA1109C3FDBE2E" box="[1382,1440,2170,2305]" gridcol="10" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">O</td>
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||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1109CE8DBE2E" box="[1665,2256,2170,2305]" gridcol="13" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF94A110DC124BF8D" author="Cadenat, J." box="[1670,1913,2174,2210]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="1358 - 1375" refId="ref68301" refString="Cadenat, J. 1957. Observations de cetaces, sireniens, cheloniens et sauriens en 1955 - 1956. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 19: 1358 - 1375." type="journal article" year="1957">Cadenat (1957)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF859110DCE28BF8D" author="Villiers, A." box="[1941,2165,2174,2210]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF96711DFC138BFFF" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1707,1893,2220,2256]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
;
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||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF84E11DFCE3CBFFF" author="Maigret" box="[1922,2145,2220,2256]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref83806" refString="Maigret. J. 1977. Les tortues de mer du Senegal. Bull. Ass. Avanc. Sei. Nat. Senegal 59: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1977">Maigret (1977</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF96111A9C0AABE2E" author="Maigret" box="[1709,1783,2266,2305]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref83836" refString="Maigret. J. 1983. Repartition des tortues de mer sur les cotes ouest Africaines. Bull. Soc. Herpetol. Fr. 28: 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8D711A9C1ABBE2E" author="Dupuy, A. R." box="[1819,2038,2266,2305]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="4 - 7" refId="ref71206" refString="Dupuy, A. R. 1986. The status of marine turtles in Senegal. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 39: 4 - 7." type="journal article" year="1986">Dupuy (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1043CE8DBE7C" box="[295,2256,2352,2387]" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1043CE8DBE7C" box="[295,2256,2352,2387]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF80FFABFEE71043C43ABE7C" bold="true" box="[299,615,2352,2387]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Mediterranean Sea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1019CE8DBEB6" box="[295,2256,2410,2457]" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1019C4EFBD5E" box="[295,690,2410,2673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Greece (including Crete)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1019C2D0BEB6" box="[1111,1165,2410,2457]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D1019C29DBEB6" box="[1185,1216,2410,2457]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB271019C352BEB6" box="[1259,1295,2410,2457]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFAF11019C309BEB6" box="[1341,1364,2410,2457]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1019CE8DBD5E" box="[1665,2256,2410,2673]" gridcol="13" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF948101DC13BBEBF" author="Mertens, R." box="[1668,1894,2414,2448]" journalOrPublisher="Senckenb. Biol." pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="l- 29" part="4" refId="ref85057" refString="Mertens, R. 1961. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Insel Korfu. Senckenb. Biol. 4 (l- 2): l- 29." title="Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Insel Korfu" type="journal article" year="1961">Mertens (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, after Werner 1894);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8D710E8CE79BE90" author="Honegger, R. E." box="[1819,2084,2459,2495]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref77590" refString="Honegger, R. E. 1978. Threatened amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Counc. Europe, Nature Environ. Ser. No. 15." type="book" year="1978">Honegger (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF96410B4C1D3BEC5" author="Marinos, P." box="[1704,1934,2503,2538]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84166" refString="Marinos, P. 1977. Zakynthos - tourism and environment. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Salford, United Kingdom." type="book" year="1977">Marinos (1977</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF86310B4C1A5BEC5" author="Marinos, P." box="[1967,2040,2503,2538]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="13 - 14" refId="ref84193" refString="Marinos, P. 1981. On the distribution of sea turtles in Greek waters. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 19: 13 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9641087C1BCBD38" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1704,2017,2548,2583]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis (1982</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF7CD1087CE18BD38" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[2049,2117,2548,2583]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9671352C0A9BD6C" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1707,1780,2593,2627]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
); Argano and Baldari
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF964133DC155BD5E" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1704,1800,2638,2673]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">(1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF8DC133DCE6FBD5E" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1808,2098,2638,2673]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB130BCE8DBD88" box="[295,2256,2680,2727]" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB130BC4EFBDD4" box="[295,690,2680,2811]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Turkey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFBC5130BC20ABD88" box="[1033,1111,2680,2727]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB9B130BC2D0BD88" box="[1111,1165,2680,2727]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB6D130BC29DBD88" box="[1185,1216,2680,2727]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CFB27130BC352BD88" box="[1259,1295,2680,2727]" gridcol="8" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D130BCE8DBDD4" box="[1665,2256,2680,2811]" gridcol="13" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF94E130FC197BDB0" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1666,1994,2684,2719]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF82A130FC1DABDE2" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF86813DAC129BDD4" author="Basoglu, M. & I. Baran" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="69 - 71" refId="ref65553" refString="Basoglu, M., and I. Baran. 1982. Anadolu sahillerinden toplanan deniz kaplumbagasi materyeli uzerinde kisa bir rapcr. (Some marine turtles from the coasts of Anatolia Turkey.) Doga Bilim Derg., Ser. A 6 (2): 69 - 71 (In Turkish)." type="journal article" year="1982">Basoglu and Baran (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF80004CFEEB1295CE8DBCC9" box="[295,2256,3046,3046]" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFEEB1272C4EFBCC9" box="[295,690,2817,3046]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">Cyprus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF80004CF94D1272CE8DBCC9" box="[1665,2256,2817,3046]" gridcol="13" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
Demetropoulos and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF96A1247C1D8BC76" author="Demetropoulos, A. & M. Hadjichristophorou" box="[1702,1925,2868,2905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref70851" refString="Demetropoulos, A., and M. Hadjichristophorou. 1982. Turtle conservation in Cyprus. Biol. Soc. Cyprus Bull. 2: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1982">Hadjichristophorou (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF86E1247CE06BC76" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1954,2139,2868,2905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9691210CE0CBCA8" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1701,2129,2915,2951]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Demetropoulos and Lambert
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF96812CCC158BCC9" author="Demetropoulos, A. & M. Lambert" box="[1700,1797,3007,3046]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" pagination="22 - 27" refId="ref70881" refString="Demetropoulos, A., and M. Lambert. 1986. Herpetology in Cyprus. Br. Herpetol. Soc. Bull. No. 17: 22 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF80FFABFD231889C359BC09" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFD241889C550B532" box="[744,781,506,541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFCE31887C512B531" box="[815,847,500,542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">F</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFCBA188AC5FFB50F" box="[886,930,505,544]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFC041889C5BBB532" box="[968,998,506,541]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFBC51889C20AB532" box="[1033,1111,506,541]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFB9B1889C2D0B532" box="[1111,1165,506,541]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFB531884C29CB531" box="[1183,1217,503,542]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFB271889C352B532" box="[1259,1295,506,541]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFAF0188AC307B532" box="[1340,1370,505,541]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">S</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFAAA1889C3FDB532" box="[1382,1440,506,541]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">O</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CFA7E1889C3B1B532" box="[1458,1516,506,541]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">N</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF80004CF9D71889C060B532" box="[1563,1597,506,541]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">D</th>
|
||
|
|
J J A
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF80FFABF9621F08C1F8B1B0" box="[1710,1957,1659,1695]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF80FFABF9621F08C1F8B1B0" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1710,1957,1659,1695]" pageId="24" pageNumber="18" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF81FFAAFEC11824C404B650" box="[269,601,343,383]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" startId="25.[269,367,343,383]" targetBox="[260,2216,426,2927]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="25" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAFEC11824C404B650" blockId="25.[269,601,343,383]" box="[269,601,343,383]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Table 4. Continued.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF81004CFEC818D9CEF5BC40" box="[260,2216,426,2927]" colsContinueFrom="24.[295,2256,420,3046]" gridcols="14" gridrows="20" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAFBF418D9C251B44C" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC818D9CEF5B6E3" box="[260,2216,426,460]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-13="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFD0F18D9C04FB6E3" box="[707,1554,426,460]" colspan="12" colspanRight="11" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Month</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81889CEF5B50B" box="[260,2216,506,548]" gridrow="1" isHeader="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81889C4D2B50B" box="[260,655,506,548]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFD0F1889C4B9B50B" box="[707,740,506,548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFD371889C579B50B" box="[763,804,506,548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">F</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFCF71889C5DDB50B" box="[827,896,506,548]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFC5B1889C58CB50B" box="[919,977,506,548]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFC2B1889C270B50B" box="[999,1069,506,548]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFBFB1889C23FB50B" box="[1079,1122,506,548]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFBB41889C2C2B50B" box="[1144,1183,506,548]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFB611889C2B3B50B" box="[1197,1262,506,548]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFB301889C373B50B" box="[1276,1326,506,548]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFAF41889C320B50B" box="[1336,1405,506,548]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFA481889C39AB50B" box="[1412,1479,506,548]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFA191889C04FB50B" box="[1493,1554,506,548]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CF9901889CEF5B50B" box="[1628,2216,506,548]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81B3ECEF5B58F" box="[260,2216,589,672]" gridrow="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81B3EC4D2B58F" box="[260,655,589,672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Lampedusa Island</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB1B3EC23FB58F" box="[1079,1122,589,672]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB41B3EC2C2B58F" box="[1144,1183,589,672]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901B3ECEF5B58F" box="[1628,2216,589,672]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AF1B3EC134B555" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1635,1897,589,634]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF84A1B3EC135B58F" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF84A1B08CECFB58F" author="Gramentz, D." box="[1926,2194,635,672]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref75732" refString="Gramentz, D. 1986. Loggerhead turtles at Lampedusa, Italy. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 36: 3." type="journal volume" year="1986">Gramentz (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81BD8CEF5B5F9" box="[260,2216,683,726]" gridrow="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81BD8C4D2B5F9" box="[260,655,683,726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Libya</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB1BD8C23FB5F9" box="[1079,1122,683,726]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB41BD8C2C2B5F9" box="[1144,1183,683,726]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
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<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901BD8CEF5B5F9" box="[1628,2216,683,726]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9A81BD8C10FB5F9" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[1636,1874,683,726]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="37 - 80" refId="ref91349" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1987. Contributions to the herpetology ofKouf National Park (NE-Libya) and adjacent area. Spixiana 10 (l): 37 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Schleich (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
|
||
|
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<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81A7ECEF5B404" box="[260,2216,781,811]" gridrow="4" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81A7ECEF5B404" box="[260,2216,781,811]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFEC71A7EC4D8B404" bold="true" box="[267,645,781,811]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Western Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
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</th>
|
||
|
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</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81A48CEF5B4EF" box="[260,2216,827,960]" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
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<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81A48C4D2B4EF" box="[260,655,827,960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Oman (Masirah Island)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC5B1A48C58CB4EF" box="[919,977,827,960]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC2B1A48C270B4EF" box="[999,1069,827,960]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAFBF51A37CED6BC40" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB1A48C23FB4EF" box="[1079,1122,827,960]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB41A48C2C2B4EF" box="[1144,1183,827,960]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB611A48C2B3B4EF" box="[1197,1262,827,960]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB301A48C373B4EF" box="[1276,1326,827,960]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901A48CEF5B4EF" box="[1628,2216,827,960]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AF1A48C14DB44E" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1635,1808,827,865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 1982);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8521A48CE21B44E" author="Frazier, J." box="[1950,2172,827,865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9451A19C113B4A1" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1673,1870,874,910]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8A01A19C0B5B4EF" author="Ross, J. P. & M. A. Barwani" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref90524" refString="Ross, J. P., and M. A. Barwani. 1982. Review of sea turtles in the Arabian area. Pages 373 - 383 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross and Barwani (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81AB4CEF5B358" box="[260,2216,967,1143]" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81AB4C4D2B358" box="[260,655,967,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Madagascar</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB301AB4C373B358" box="[1276,1326,967,1143]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF41AB4C320B358" box="[1336,1405,967,1143]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA481AB4C39AB358" box="[1412,1479,967,1143]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA191AB4C04FB358" box="[1493,1554,967,1143]" gridcol="12" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901AB4CEF5B358" box="[1628,2216,967,1143]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AE1AB4CE0EB4C5" author="Vaillant, L. & G. Grandidier" box="[1634,2131,967,1002]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="26 - 80" refId="ref95355" refString="Vaillant, L., and G. Grandidier. 1910. Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. Vol. XVII. Histoire naturelle des reptiles, premiere partie: crocodiles et tortues. A. and G. Grandidier, Paris. Pages 26 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1910">Vaillant and Grandidier (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Hughes (197c, 1971 e, 1974a, 1974b, 1976a, 1982b);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF83E1D50C0B5B358" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8CA1D21C1B9B358" author="Frazier, J." box="[1798,2020,1106,1143]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81DDCCEF5B22E" box="[260,2216,1199,1281]" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81DDCC4D2B22E" box="[260,655,1199,1281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Mozambique</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFD0F1DDCC4B9B22E" box="[707,740,1199,1281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA481DDCC39AB22E" box="[1412,1479,1199,1281]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA191DDCC04FB22E" box="[1493,1554,1199,1281]" gridcol="12" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901DDCCEF5B22E" box="[1628,2216,1199,1281]" gridcol="13" gridrow="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AF1DDCC110B3FC" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1635,1869,1199,1235]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8A11DDCC1E2B3FC" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1901,1983,1199,1235]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref78280" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 c. Sea turtle research and conservation in south east Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 57 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1971">
|
||
|
|
1971
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8781DDCCE42B3FC" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & R. W. Beatty & LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & P. D. Hagan" box="[1972,2079,1199,1235]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="153 - 156" refId="ref81511" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and R. W. Beatty. 1971. Some aspects of nesting of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne), on the Gulf Coast of Florida. Herpetologica 27: 153 - 156. LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and P. D. Hagan. 1978. The role of aerial surveys in estimating nesting populations of the loggerhead turtle. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 33: 31 - 33." type="journal article" year="1971">c, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
e,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9461DADC088B22E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1674,1749,1246,1281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
b,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9331DADC107B22E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1791,1882,1246,1281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref78588" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1976 a. Sea turtles in south east Africa. Pages 81 - 87 in Proceedings of a symposium " Endangered wildlife in southern Africa. " Endangered Wildlife Trust, University of Pretoria." type="proceedings" year="1976">1976a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8B11DADCE06B22E" author="Frazier, J." box="[1917,2139,1246,1281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81C7FCEF5B15E" box="[260,2216,1292,1649]" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81C7FC4D2B15E" box="[260,655,1292,1649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">South Africa (Tongaland, Natal)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFD0F1C7FC4B9B15E" box="[707,740,1292,1649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFD371C7FC579B15E" box="[763,804,1292,1649]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">F</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB301C7FC373B15E" box="[1276,1326,1292,1649]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF41C7FC320B15E" box="[1336,1405,1292,1649]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA481C7FC39AB15E" box="[1412,1479,1292,1649]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA191C7FC04FB15E" box="[1493,1554,1292,1649]" gridcol="12" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901C7FCEF5B15E" box="[1628,2216,1292,1649]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
Bass and McAllister (1964);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9441C4AC1A6B273" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1672,2043,1337,1372]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF7D51C4AC11BB2A5" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8A81C14C139B296" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF84D1CE6CE31B296" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1921,2156,1429,1465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 1970b, 197c, 1971 d1, 197e, 1972, 1974a, 1974b, 1975a, 1976a, 1976b, 1982a, 1982b, 1984);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9351F3ECED1B15E" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1785,2188,1613,1649]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81FDDCEF5B1FF" box="[260,2216,1710,1744]" gridrow="9" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81FDDCEF5B1FF" box="[260,2216,1710,1744]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFEC51FDDC4C9B1FF" bold="true" box="[265,660,1710,1744]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Northern Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81F92CEF5B01C" box="[260,2216,1761,1843]" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81F92C4D2B01C" box="[260,655,1761,1843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Indiaᵇ (Gulf of Mannar)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB301F92C373B01C" box="[1276,1326,1761,1843]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF41F92C320B01C" box="[1336,1405,1761,1843]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA481F92C39AB01C" box="[1412,1479,1761,1843]" gridcol="11" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA191F92C04FB01C" box="[1493,1554,1761,1843]" gridcol="12" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901F92CEF5B01C" box="[1628,2216,1761,1843]" gridcol="13" gridrow="10" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9901F91CE4EB02A" author="Jones, S. & A. B. Fernando" box="[1628,2067,1762,1797]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref79576" refString="Jones, S., and A. B. Fernando. 1973. Present status of the turtle fishery in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay. Pages 712 - 715 in Proceedings of the symposium on living resources of the seas around India, Spec. Publ. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Cochin." type="proceedings" year="1973">Jones and Fernando (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF7FC1F91C1F2B01C" author="Murthy, T. S. N. & A. G. K. Menon" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref86174" refString="Murthy, T. S. N., and A. G. K. Menon. 1976. The turtle resources of India. Seafood Export J. 8: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1976">Murthy and Menon (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81E4FCEF5B048" box="[260,2216,1852,1895]" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81E4FC4D2B048" box="[260,655,1852,1895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Sri Lanka ᵇ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB41E4FC2C2B048" box="[1144,1183,1852,1895]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB611E4FC2B3B048" box="[1197,1262,1852,1895]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB301E4FC373B048" box="[1276,1326,1852,1895]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901E4FCEF5B048" box="[1628,2216,1852,1895]" gridcol="13" gridrow="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AD1E4DC1C9B04F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1633,1940,1854,1888]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
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|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8791E4DC1A5B04F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1973,2040,1854,1888]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
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|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81EEDCEF5B092" box="[260,2216,1950,1981]" gridrow="12" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81EEDCEF5B092" box="[260,2216,1950,1981]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFEC41EEDC4DFB092" bold="true" box="[264,642,1950,1981]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Western Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81EA4CEF5BF81" box="[260,2216,2007,2222]" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81EA4C4D2BF81" box="[260,655,2007,2222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC5B1EA4C58CBF81" box="[919,977,2007,2222]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC2B1EA4C270BF81" box="[999,1069,2007,2222]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB1EA4C23FBF81" box="[1079,1122,2007,2222]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB41EA4C2C2BF81" box="[1144,1183,2007,2222]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB611EA4C2B3BF81" box="[1197,1262,2007,2222]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901EA4CEF5BF81" box="[1628,2216,2007,2222]" gridcol="13" gridrow="13" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AE1EA4C125B0D7" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1634,1912,2007,2040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8591EA4C0BBBF09" author="Miyawaki, I." journalOrPublisher="Yaeyama Group. Mar. Parks J., Japan" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="15 - 18" part="53" refId="ref85652" refString="Miyawaki, I. 1981. Sea turtles nesting in Kuroshima, Yaeyama Group. Mar. Parks J., Japan 53: 15 - 18 (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtles nesting in Kuroshima" type="journal article" year="1981">Miyawaki (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8CF1171C0BBBF7C" author="Uchida, I. & M. Nishiwaki" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref95259" refString="Uchida, I., and M. Nishiwaki. 1982. Sea turtles in the waters adjacent to Japan. Pages 317 - 319 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Uchida and Nishiwaki (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8CF1143CE6FBF7C" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[1795,2098,2096,2131]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">Anonymous (1984a</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
, 19846);
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8CB112ECE02BFAE" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[1799,2143,2141,2177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94A11F8C1CEBF81" author="Kamezaki, N." box="[1670,1939,2187,2222]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="152 - 155" refId="ref79862" refString="Kamezaki, N. 1986. Notes on the nesting of the sea turtles in the Yaeyama Group, Ryukyu Archipelago. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 11 (3): 152 - 155." type="journal article" year="1986">Kamezaki (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC511C5C160BE22" box="[265,1853,2230,2317]" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC811C5C4D2BE22" box="[260,655,2230,2317]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Chinaᵇ (including Taiwan)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC5B11C5C58CBE22" box="[919,977,2230,2317]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFC2B11C5C270BE22" box="[999,1069,2230,2317]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB11C5C23FBE22" box="[1079,1122,2230,2317]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB411C5C2C2BE22" box="[1144,1183,2230,2317]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB6111C5C2B3BE22" box="[1197,1262,2230,2317]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF99011C5CEF5BE22" box="[1628,2216,2230,2317]" gridcol="13" gridrow="14" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AD11CAC160BFF3" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[1633,1853,2233,2268]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref78015" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1982. Distribution of sea turtles in China seas. Pages 321 - 322 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Huang (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81067CEF5BE16" box="[260,2216,2324,2361]" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81067C4D2BD65" box="[260,655,2324,2634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFD0F1067C4B9BD65" box="[707,740,2324,2634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFD371067C579BE16" box="[763,804,2324,2361]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">F</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFCF71067C5DDBE16" box="[827,896,2324,2361]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF41067C320BE16" box="[1336,1405,2324,2361]" gridcol="10" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA481067C39ABE16" box="[1412,1479,2324,2361]" gridcol="11" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA191067C04FBE16" box="[1493,1554,2324,2361]" gridcol="12" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF9901067CEF5BE16" box="[1628,2216,2324,2361]" gridcol="13" gridrow="15" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AD1067CE56BE18" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" box="[1633,2059,2324,2359]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="358 - 359" refId="ref68050" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1970. First international recapture of an Australian tagged loggerhead turtle. Herpetologica 26: 358 - 359." type="journal article" year="1970">Bustard and Limpus (1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF7E71067CE2BBE18" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[2091,2166,2324,2359]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref67832" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1971. Marine turtles in Queensland, Australia. IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 23 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC813F1CEF5BD8B" box="[260,2216,2690,2724]" gridrow="16" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC813F1CEF5BD8B" box="[260,2216,2690,2724]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFEC413F1C4CDBD8B" bold="true" box="[264,656,2690,2724]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Southern Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC813C8CEF5BDC8" box="[260,2216,2747,2791]" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC813C8C4D2BDC8" box="[260,655,2747,2791]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Tokelaua</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB13C8C23FBDC8" box="[1079,1122,2747,2791]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB413C8C2C2BDC8" box="[1144,1183,2747,2791]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB6113C8C2B3BDC8" box="[1197,1262,2747,2791]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB3013C8C373BDC8" box="[1276,1326,2747,2791]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF413C8C320BDC8" box="[1336,1405,2747,2791]" gridcol="10" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA4813C8C39ABDC8" box="[1412,1479,2747,2791]" gridcol="11" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA1913C8C04FBDC8" box="[1493,1554,2747,2791]" gridcol="12" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF99013C8CEF5BDC8" box="[1628,2216,2747,2791]" gridcol="13" gridrow="17" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AC13C8C16FBDF3" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1632,1842,2747,2780]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref65264" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1983. Sea turtles and their traditional usage in Tokelau. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 279: 1 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1983">Balazs (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC81260CEF5BC19" box="[260,2216,2835,2870]" gridrow="18" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC81260CEF5BC19" box="[260,2216,2835,2870]" colspan="14" colspanRight="13" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFEC41260C424BC19" bold="true" box="[264,633,2835,2870]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Eastern Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF81004CFEC8123BCEF5BC40" box="[260,2216,2888,2927]" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF81004CFEC8123BC4D2BC40" box="[260,655,2888,2927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">Panamaab</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFCF7123BC270BC40" box="[827,1069,2888,2927]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">M</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBFB123BC23FBC40" box="[1079,1122,2888,2927]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFBB4123BC2C2BC40" box="[1144,1183,2888,2927]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB61123BC2B3BC40" box="[1197,1262,2888,2927]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFB30123BC373BC40" box="[1276,1326,2888,2927]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">S</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFAF4123BC320BC40" box="[1336,1405,2888,2927]" gridcol="10" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">O</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA48123BC39ABC40" box="[1412,1479,2888,2927]" gridcol="11" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CFA19123BC04FBC40" box="[1493,1554,2888,2927]" gridcol="12" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">D</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF81004CF990123BCEF5BC40" box="[1628,2216,2888,2927]" gridcol="13" gridrow="19" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF9AD123BC135BC40" author="Sternberg, J." box="[1633,1896,2888,2927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref93702" refString="Sternberg, J. 1981. The worldwide distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1981">Sternberg (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF849123BCED6BC40" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[1925,2187,2888,2927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAF94A1031CED9BD65" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94A1031C13CBE4A" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1670,1889,2370,2405]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF84E1031C19ABE4A" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1922,1991,2370,2405]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF82A1031CE6CBE4A" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[2022,2097,2370,2405]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
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);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94A1003C12DBEBC" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1670,1904,2416,2451]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
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, 1973b,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF7C81003CE15BEBC" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[2052,2120,2416,2451]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref82199" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1978. The reef: uncertain land of plenty. Pages 187 - 222 in HJ. Lavery (ed.), Exploration north, a natural history of Queensland. Richmond Hill Press, Richmond, Victoria, Australia." type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94410EDC080BEEF" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1672,1757,2462,2496]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 1982b,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8BD10EDC1E1BEEF" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1905,1980,2462,2496]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF81310EDC119BEC0" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF8AD10BFCE76BEC0" author="Cribb, R. B." box="[1889,2091,2508,2543]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref70275" refString="Cribb, R. B. 1978. Aspects of the nesting behaviour of sea turtles, Tryon Island. Queensl. Nat. 22: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">Cribb (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94A1089C192BD32" author="Limpus, C. J. & V. Baker & D. Miller" box="[1670,1999,2554,2589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref82379" refString="Limpus, C. J., V. Baker, andJ. D. Miller. 1979 a. Movement induced mortality of loggerhead eggs. Herpetologica 35: 335 - 338." type="journal article" year="1979">
|
||
|
|
Limpus et al. (1979
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF80E1089CE6FBD32" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1986,2098,2554,2589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">a, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF94B135BC08EBD65" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1671,1747,2600,2634]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF81FFAAF93B135BCED9BD65" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" box="[1783,2180,2600,2634]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FF81FFAAFEC512E8C016BCCE" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[260,2216,426,2927]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAFEC512E8C279BC94" blockId="25.[265,1611,2971,3041]" box="[265,1060,2971,3003]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
ᵃ Nesting season includes other species as well as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF81FFAAFC0512E8C279BC94" box="[969,1060,2971,3003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF81FFAAFC0512E8C27CBC94" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[969,1057,2971,3003]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="25" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF81FFAAFEC612CFC016BCCE" blockId="25.[265,1611,2971,3041]" box="[266,1611,3004,3041]" pageId="25" pageNumber="19">ᵇThere is some question about the accuracy of reports of loggerhead nesting at these localities.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF82FFA9FEE4184CC185B64B" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FF82FFA9FEE4184CC185B64B" box="[296,2008,319,356]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FF82FFA9FEE4184CC185B64B" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" startId="26.[296,394,319,356]" targetBox="[280,1243,408,2942]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="26" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF82FFA9FEE4184CC185B64B" blockId="26.[294,2233,319,373]" box="[296,2008,319,356]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
Table 5.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FE1E184CC185B64B" box="[466,2008,319,356]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Literature records of nesting by loggerhead sea turtles for which the nesting season was not recorded.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF82FFA9FEE518EBC587BC51" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF82004CFED418EBC286BC51" box="[280,1243,408,2942]" colsContinueIn="26.[1278,2237,408,2947]" gridcols="2" gridrows="35" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED418EBC286B69B" box="[280,1243,408,436]" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF82004CFED418EBC4C3B69B" box="[280,670,408,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF82004CFD0C18EBC286B69B" box="[704,1243,408,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41898C286B526" box="[280,1243,491,521]" gridrow="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41898C286B526" box="[280,1243,491,521]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
Western Atlantic
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FD9C1898C4EBB526" bold="true" box="[592,694,491,521]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41B6CC286B513" box="[280,1243,543,572]" gridrow="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41B6CC286B513" box="[280,1243,543,572]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">United States</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41B3EC286B562" box="[280,1243,589,589]" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41B3EC4C3B5E7" box="[280,670,589,712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Alabama</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1B3EC286B5E7" box="[704,1243,589,712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0B1B3DC2D7B544" author="Jackson, C. G., Jr. & M. M. Jackson" box="[711,1162,590,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="281 - 287" refId="ref79333" refString="Jackson, C. G., Jr., and M. M. Jackson. 1970. Herpetofauna of Dauphin Island, Alabama. Q,. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 33: 281 - 287." type="journal article" year="1970">Jackson and Jackson (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD3D1B0FC58CB5B6" author="Mount, R. H." box="[753,977,636,665]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref85974" refString="Mount, R. H. 1975. The amphibians and reptiles of Alabama. Agricultural Experimental Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL." type="book" year="1975">Mount (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD3D1BD8C50BB5E7" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[753,854,683,712]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FCA31BD8C2C2B5E7" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel & N. B. Thompson" box="[879,1183,683,712]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="252 - 259" refId="ref92644" refString="Shoop, C. R., C. Ruckdeschel, and N. B. Thompson. 1985. Sea turtles in the southeast United States: nesting activity as derived from aerial and ground surveys, 1982. Herpetologica 41: 252 - 259." type="journal article" year="1985">Shoop et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41BABC286B5F7" box="[280,1243,728,728]" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41BABC4C3B40A" box="[280,670,728,805]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Louisiana</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1BABC286B40A" box="[704,1243,728,805]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD001BAAC5A8B5D9" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[716,1013,729,758]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD3C1A7BC50FB40A" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[752,850,776,805]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41A46C286B41A" box="[280,1243,821,821]" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41A46C4C3B4AD" box="[280,670,821,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1A46C286B4AD" box="[704,1243,821,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD001A45C5B5B47C" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[716,1000,822,851]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FBCF1A45C212B47C" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[1027,1103,822,851]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="84 - 105" refId="ref77060" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1983. Random notes on sea turtles in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 34 - 40 in D. W. Owens, D. Crowell, G. Dienderg, M. Grassman, S. McCain, Y. Morris, N. Schwantes, and T. Wibbels (eds.), Western Gulf of Mexico sea turtle workshop proceedings. Off. Sea Grant, Tex. A & M Univ., Publ. TAMU-SG- 84 - 105." type="book chapter" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Carr
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD3C1A16C5EDB4AD" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[752,944,869,898]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41AE1C286B480" box="[280,1243,914,943]" gridrow="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41AE1C286B480" box="[280,1243,914,943]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Mexico</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41AB2C286B4EE" box="[280,1243,961,961]" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41AB2C4C3B320" box="[280,670,961,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Veracruz</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1AB2C286B320" box="[704,1243,961,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD071AB0C5B4B4CF" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[715,1001,963,992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Hildebrand
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD3C1A81C514B320" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[752,841,1010,1039]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">(1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FCA81A81C5F1B320" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[868,940,1010,1039]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="84 - 105" refId="ref77060" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1983. Random notes on sea turtles in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 34 - 40 in D. W. Owens, D. Crowell, G. Dienderg, M. Grassman, S. McCain, Y. Morris, N. Schwantes, and T. Wibbels (eds.), Western Gulf of Mexico sea turtle workshop proceedings. Off. Sea Grant, Tex. A & M Univ., Publ. TAMU-SG- 84 - 105." type="book chapter" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41D6CC286B312" box="[280,1243,1055,1085]" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41D6CC4C3B312" box="[280,670,1055,1085]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Tabasco</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1D6CC286B312" box="[704,1243,1055,1085]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD071D53C5B9B312" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[715,996,1056,1085]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41D3CC286B343" box="[280,1243,1103,1132]" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41D3CC4C3B343" box="[280,670,1103,1132]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Tabasco-Campeche</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1D3CC286B343" box="[704,1243,1103,1132]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD071D3CC5A6B343" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[715,1019,1103,1132]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41D0EC286B352" box="[280,1243,1149,1149]" gridrow="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41D0EC4C3B3E5" box="[280,670,1149,1226]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Campeche</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1D0EC286B3E5" box="[704,1243,1149,1226]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD061D0CC5B5B3B3" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[714,1000,1151,1180]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Hildebrand (1982);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FCA11DDEC2C0B3E5" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[877,1181,1197,1226]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41DAAC286B3F6" box="[280,1243,1241,1241]" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41DAAC4C3B209" box="[280,670,1241,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Yucatan</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1DAAC286B209" box="[704,1243,1241,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD071DA8C5AEB3D7" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[715,1011,1243,1272]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr et al. (1982);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FCA11C7AC2C0B209" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[877,1181,1289,1318]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41C49C286B215" box="[280,1243,1338,1338]" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41C49C4C3B2A5" box="[280,670,1338,1418]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Belize</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1C49C286B2A5" box="[704,1243,1338,1418]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD061C4DC5C5B274" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[714,920,1342,1371]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr et al. (1982);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FCA11C1EC27BB2A5" author="Moll, D." box="[877,1062,1389,1418]" journalOrPublisher="Oryx" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="155 - 157" part="19" refId="ref85731" refString="Moll, D. 1985. The marine turtles of Belize. Oryx 19: 155 - 157." title="The marine turtles of Belize" type="journal article" year="1985">Moll (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41CD2C286B290" box="[280,1243,1441,1471]" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41CD2C4C3B290" box="[280,670,1441,1471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Guatemala</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1CD2C286B290" box="[704,1243,1441,1471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD051CD1C5BFB290" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[713,994,1442,1471]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41CA4C286B2DA" box="[280,1243,1495,1525]" gridrow="14" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41CA4C4C3B2DA" box="[280,670,1495,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Honduras</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1CA4C286B2DA" box="[704,1243,1495,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD051CABC5BFB2DA" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[713,994,1496,1525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41F7FC286B123" box="[280,1243,1548,1548]" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41F7FC4C3B175" box="[280,670,1548,1626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Nicaragua</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1F7FC286B175" box="[704,1243,1548,1626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD051F7DC5CAB104" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[713,919,1550,1579]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD211F4EC50EB175" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[749,851,1597,1626]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">(1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41F03C286B15F" box="[280,1243,1648,1648]" gridrow="16" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41F03C4C3B191" box="[280,670,1648,1726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Costa Rica</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1F03C286B191" box="[704,1243,1648,1726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD041F00C278B1BF" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[712,1061,1651,1680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Caldwell
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD211FD2C5FEB191" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[749,931,1697,1726]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
a)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41FA6C286B1FA" box="[280,1243,1749,1749]" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41FA6C4C3B060" box="[280,670,1749,1871]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Venezuela</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1FA6C286B060" box="[704,1243,1749,1871]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0B1FA4C27BB1DB" author="Donoso-Barros, R." box="[711,1062,1751,1780]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="26 - 31" refId="ref72142" refString="Donoso-Barros, R. 1964. Anotaciones sobre las tortugas marinas de Venezuela. Lagena 3: 26 - 31." type="journal article" year="1964">Donoso-Barros (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Flores
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD211E76C50CB00D" author="Flores, C." box="[749,849,1797,1826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref72949" refString="Flores, C. 1969. Notas sobre reptiles acuaticos de Venezuela y su importancia economica. Lagena 21 - 22: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1969">(1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41E15C286B049" box="[280,1243,1894,1894]" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41E15C4C3B09B" box="[280,670,1894,1972]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Surinam</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1E15C286B09B" box="[704,1243,1894,1972]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD041E1AC5C8B0A9" author="Schulz, J." box="[712,917,1897,1926]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref91651" refString="Schulz, J. 1971. Situation report on marine turtles nesting in Surinam. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 68 - 74." type="book chapter" year="1971">Schulz (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FC7D1E1AC5A7B0A9" author="Schulz, J." box="[945,1018,1897,1926]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref91688" refString="Schulz, J. 1975. Sea turtles nesting in Surinam. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 143." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FBD91E1AC23FB0A9" author="Schulz, J." box="[1045,1122,1897,1926]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref91711" refString="Schulz, J. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations nesting in Surinam with notes on sea turtles nesting in Guyana and French Guiana. Pages 435 - 437 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD201EE4C293B09B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[748,1230,1943,1972]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41EB2C286B0F1" box="[280,1243,1985,2014]" gridrow="19" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41EB2C4C3B0F1" box="[280,670,1985,2014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Brazil</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41E82C286B0DE" box="[280,1243,2033,2033]" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41E82C4C3BF12" box="[280,670,2033,2109]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Maranhao to Espirito Santo</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1E82C286BF12" box="[704,1243,2033,2109]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0A1E81C58EBF20" author="Sternberg, J." box="[710,979,2034,2063]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref93702" refString="Sternberg, J. 1981. The worldwide distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1981">Sternberg (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Marcovaldi (1987)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41138C286BF44" box="[280,1243,2123,2155]" gridrow="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41138C4C3BF44" box="[280,670,2123,2155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Ceara</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1138C286BF44" box="[704,1243,2123,2155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD09113DC2F5BF44" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[709,1192,2126,2155]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41109C286BF55" box="[280,1243,2170,2170]" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41109C4C3BFE9" box="[280,670,2170,2246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Sergipe southward</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1109C286BFE9" box="[704,1243,2170,2246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD091108C59DBFB7" author="Reichart, H." box="[709,960,2171,2200]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="162 - 164" refId="ref89592" refString="Reichart, H. 1981. Operation Headstart, green sea turtles, Brazil and Surinam. World Wildl. Fund Yearb. 1980 - 81: 162 - 164." type="book chapter" year="1981">Reichart (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED411A7C286BFDB" box="[280,1243,2260,2292]" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED411A7C4C3BFDB" box="[280,670,2260,2292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Bahia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C11A7C286BFDB" box="[704,1243,2260,2292]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0811A4C2FABFDB" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[708,1191,2263,2292]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41070C286BE0D" box="[280,1243,2307,2338]" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41070C4C3BE0D" box="[280,670,2307,2338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Rio de Janeiro</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1070C286BE0D" box="[704,1243,2307,2338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD081076C2FABE0D" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[708,1191,2309,2338]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED4104BC286BE79" box="[280,1243,2360,2390]" gridrow="25" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED4104BC4C3BE79" box="[280,670,2360,2390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Bermuda</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C104BC286BE79" box="[704,1243,2360,2390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD08104AC520BE79" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp" box="[708,893,2361,2390]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69029" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1984. So excellent a fishe. Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp." title="So excellent a fishe." type="book" year="1984">Carr (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED4101DC286BE41" box="[280,1243,2414,2414]" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED4101DC4C3BE94" box="[280,670,2414,2491]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Cayman Islands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C101DC286BE94" box="[704,1243,2414,2491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD081003C5CFBEA2" author="Lewis, C. B." box="[708,914,2416,2445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="56 - 65" refId="ref82017" refString="Lewis, C. B. 1940. The Cayman Islands and marine turtle. Bull. Inst. Jam. Sei. Ser. No. 2: 56 - 65." type="book chapter" year="1940">Lewis (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED410A1C286BEDE" box="[280,1243,2514,2545]" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED410A1C4C3BEDE" box="[280,670,2514,2545]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Dominican Republic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C10A1C286BEDE" box="[704,1243,2514,2545]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0E10A7C580BEDE" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[706,989,2516,2545]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41379C286BD07" box="[280,1243,2570,2600]" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41379C4C3BD07" box="[280,670,2570,2600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Guadeloupe</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1379C286BD07" box="[704,1243,2570,2600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0E1378C581BD07" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[706,988,2571,2600]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED4134FC286BD74" box="[280,1243,2620,2651]" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED4134FC4C3BD74" box="[280,670,2620,2651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Jamaica</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C134FC286BD74" box="[704,1243,2620,2651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0E134DC581BD74" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[706,988,2622,2651]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED4131CC286BDA2" box="[280,1243,2671,2701]" gridrow="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED4131CC4C3BDA2" box="[280,670,2671,2701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Netherlands Antilles</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C131CC286BDA2" box="[704,1243,2671,2701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0E1303C5D1BDA2" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[706,908,2672,2701]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED413D2C286BD90" box="[280,1243,2721,2751]" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED413D2C4C3BD90" box="[280,670,2721,2751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Providencia,</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C13D2C286BD90" box="[704,1243,2721,2751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0D13D1C599BD90" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[705,964,2722,2751]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED413BDC286BDE1" box="[280,1243,2766,2766]" gridrow="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED413BDC4C3BC36" box="[280,670,2766,2841]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">San Andres, Albuquerque Cays</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED4125EC286BC63" box="[280,1243,2861,2892]" gridrow="33" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED4125EC4C3BC63" box="[280,670,2861,2892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Puerto Rico</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C125EC286BC63" box="[704,1243,2861,2892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0C125CC587BC63" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[704,986,2863,2892]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFED41213C286BC51" box="[280,1243,2912,2942]" gridrow="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFED41213C4C3BC51" box="[280,670,2912,2942]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">St. Lucia/Grenadines</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFD0C1213C286BC51" box="[704,1243,2912,2942]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9FD0C1212C587BC51" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[704,986,2913,2942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF82FFA9FAC718EBC1F1BCAC" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFF82004CFB3218EBCEE0BCAC" box="[1278,2237,408,2947]" colsContinueFrom="26.[280,1243,408,2942]" gridcols="2" gridrows="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB3218EBCEE0B69B" box="[1278,2237,408,436]" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF82004CFB3218EBC032B69B" box="[1278,1647,408,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FF82004CF96818EBCEE0B69B" box="[1700,2237,408,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32189CCEE0B522" box="[1278,2237,495,525]" gridrow="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32189CC032B522" box="[1278,1647,495,525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Turks and Caicos</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF968189CCEE0B522" box="[1700,2237,495,525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F97C1883C123B522" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1712,1918,496,525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F85A1883CEF2B522" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1942,2223,496,525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321B2FCEE0B555" box="[1278,2237,604,634]" gridrow="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321B2FCEE0B555" box="[1278,2237,604,634]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FAC51B2FC0D2B555" bold="true" box="[1289,1679,604,634]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Eastern Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321BE3CEE0B5F2" box="[1278,2237,656,733]" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321BE3C032B5F2" box="[1278,1647,656,733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Cape Verde Islands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681BE3CEE0B5F2" box="[1700,2237,656,733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F97C1BE3C1FEB582" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[1712,1955,656,685]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref91323" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1979. Sea turtle protection needed at Cape Verde Islands. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 12: 12." type="journal volume" year="1979">Schleich (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8771BE3C168B5F2" author="Brongersma, L. D." pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Brongersma (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321B83CEE0B443" box="[1278,2237,752,876]" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321B83C032B443" box="[1278,1647,752,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Morocco</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681B83CEE0B443" box="[1700,2237,752,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9621B82C181B421" author="Doumergue, F." box="[1710,2012,753,782]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="197 - 260" refId="ref72229" refString="Doumergue, F. 1899. Essai sur la fauna erpetologique de l'Oranie. Soc. Geogr. et d'Archeol. Prov. d'Oran 19: 197 - 260, 501 - 532." type="journal article" year="1899">Doumergue (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8381B82C1C9B412" author="Pasteur, C & J. Bons" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref87803" refString="Pasteur, C, and J. Bons. 1960. Catalogue des reptiles du Maroc. Trav. Inst. Sei. Cherifien Ser. Zool. 21: 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1960">Pasteur and Bons (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8601A53C170B443" author="Brongersma, L. D." pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8841A3CC1D2B443" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1864,1935,847,876]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321AF3CEE0B4B0" box="[1278,2237,896,927]" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321AF3C032B4B0" box="[1278,1647,896,927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Namibia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681AF3CEE0B4B0" box="[1700,2237,896,927]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9631AF1C1DEB4B0" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1711,1923,898,927]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
b)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321A9ACEE0B328" box="[1278,2237,1001,1031]" gridrow="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321A9ACEE0B328" box="[1278,2237,1001,1031]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FAC51A9AC01AB328" bold="true" box="[1289,1607,1001,1031]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Mediterranean Sea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321D6DCEE0B3B4" box="[1278,2237,1054,1179]" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321D6DC032B3B4" box="[1278,1647,1054,1179]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Corsica</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681D6DCEE0B3B4" box="[1700,2237,1054,1179]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9621D53C1D9B312" author="Bruno, S." box="[1710,1924,1056,1085]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="209 - 450" refId="ref67530" refString="Bruno, S. 1973. Anfibi d'ltalia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XVII). Natura. Soc. It. Sei. Nat. Museo Civ. St. Nat. et Acquario Civ. Milano 64 (3 - 4): 209 - 450." type="journal article" year="1973">Bruno (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8501D53CECFB312" author="Dumont, M." box="[1948,2194,1056,1085]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="224 - 227" refId="ref71149" refString="Dumont, M. 1974. Les cheloniens de France. Leur avenir, leur protection. Courr. Nat. No. 33: 224 - 227." type="book chapter" year="1974">Dumont (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9181D3CC1C3B343" author="Fretey, J." box="[1748,1950,1103,1132]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref74328" refString="Fretey, J. 1975. Guide des reptiles et batrachians de France. Hatier, France." type="book" year="1975">Fretey (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8761D3CCE58B343" author="Fretey, J." box="[1978,2053,1103,1132]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref74369" refString="Fretey, J. 1986. Les reptiles des France metropolitan et des ties satellites. Tortues et lezards. Hatier, France. 128 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Groombridge (1982)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321DDDCEE0B3D5" box="[1278,2237,1198,1274]" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321DDDC032B3D5" box="[1278,1647,1198,1274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Sardinia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681DDDCEE0B3D5" box="[1700,2237,1198,1274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9621DC3C1D9B3E2" author="Bruno, S." box="[1710,1924,1200,1229]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Argano and Baldari (1983)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321C7CCEE0B202" box="[1278,2237,1295,1325]" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321C7CC032B202" box="[1278,1647,1295,1325]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Italy (including Sicily)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681C7CCEE0B202" box="[1700,2237,1295,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9611C63C12AB202" author="Bruno, S." box="[1709,1911,1296,1325]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno (1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F85E1C63C181B202" author="Bruno, S." box="[1938,2012,1296,1325]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F83B1C63CE1DB202" author="Bruno, S." box="[2039,2112,1296,1325]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="209 - 450" refId="ref67530" refString="Bruno, S. 1973. Anfibi d'ltalia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XVII). Natura. Soc. It. Sei. Nat. Museo Civ. St. Nat. et Acquario Civ. Milano 64 (3 - 4): 209 - 450." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321C4CCEE0B2CB" box="[1278,2237,1343,1508]" gridrow="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681C4CCEE0B2CB" box="[1700,2237,1343,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
1978);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8881C4CCE28B273" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1860,2165,1343,1372]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F91E1C1FC180B2A6" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1746,2013,1388,1417]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Honegger (1978); Argano and Baldari (1983)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321C84CEE0B16C" box="[1278,2237,1527,1603]" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321C84C032B16C" box="[1278,1647,1527,1603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Israel and North Sinai</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681C84CEE0B16C" box="[1700,2237,1527,1603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9611C8AC127B139" author="Sella, I." box="[1709,1914,1529,1558]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F85D1C8AC1EEB16C" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321F24CEE0B159" box="[1278,2237,1623,1654]" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321F24C032B159" box="[1278,1647,1623,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Libya</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681F24CEE0B159" box="[1700,2237,1623,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9601F2AC1DFB159" author="Bruno, S." box="[1708,1922,1625,1654]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67460" refString="Bruno, S. 1969. Tartarughe marine nel Mediterraneo. World Wildl. Found. (Fondo Mondiale per la Natura) 4: 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruno (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8561F2ACEC1B159" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1946,2204,1625,1654]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321FFACEE0B187" box="[1278,2237,1673,1704]" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321FFAC032B187" box="[1278,1647,1673,1704]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Tunisia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681FFACEE0B187" box="[1700,2237,1673,1704]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9671FF8CE04B187" author="Argano, R. & F. Baldari" box="[1707,2137,1675,1704]" journalOrPublisher="Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit." pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="233 - 235" part="28" refId="ref64766" refString="Argano, R., and F. Baldari. 1983. Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 28: 233 - 235." title="Status of western Mediterranean sea turtles." type="journal article" year="1983">Argano and Baldari (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321F82CEE0B020" box="[1278,2237,1777,1807]" gridrow="14" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321F82CEE0B020" box="[1278,2237,1777,1807]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FAC91F82C0CFB020" bold="true" box="[1285,1682,1777,1807]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Northern Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321E56CEE0B06D" box="[1278,2237,1829,1858]" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321E56C032B06D" box="[1278,1647,1829,1858]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Maldives</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681E56CEE0B06D" box="[1700,2237,1829,1858]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9671E56C1B1B06D" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1707,2028,1829,1858]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref70977" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1933. The loggerhead turtles (Carettidae) of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 18: 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1933">Deraniyagala (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321EF8CEE0B086" box="[1278,2237,1931,1961]" gridrow="16" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321EF8CEE0B086" box="[1278,2237,1931,1961]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FAC81EF8C02AB086" bold="true" box="[1284,1655,1931,1961]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Eastern Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321ECDCEE0BF17" box="[1278,2237,1982,2104]" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321ECDC032BF17" box="[1278,1647,1982,2104]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Thailand</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681ECDCEE0BF17" box="[1700,2237,1982,2104]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9661EB3C1F6B0F2" author="Petpaidit, V. C." box="[1706,1963,1984,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="47 - 50" refId="ref88041" refString="Petpaidit, V. C. 1953. Nesting of sea turtles. Fish. News 6 (l): 47 - 50 (In Thai)." type="journal article" year="1953">Petpaidit (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8081EB3CEC8B0F2" author="Suvatti, C." box="[1988,2197,1984,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="11 - 18" refId="ref94361" refString="Suvatti, C. 1950. Tao-cha-la-met. Fish. News 3 (1): 11 - 18 (In Thai)." type="journal article" year="1950">Suvatti (1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9F91C1E9DC0B4BF24" box="[1744,1769,2030,2059]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Phasuk and Rongmuangsart 1973)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32113FCEE0BF44" box="[1278,2237,2124,2155]" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32113FC032BF44" box="[1278,1647,2124,2155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Western Sumatra</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF968113FCEE0BF44" box="[1700,2237,2124,2155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F966113DCE13BF44" author="Polunin, N. V. C. & N. S. Nuitja" box="[1706,2126,2126,2155]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88265" refString="Polunin, N. V. C., and N. S. Nuitja. 1982. Sea turtle populations of Indonesia and Thailand. Pages 353 - 362 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Polunin and Nuitja (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32110ECEE0BFB2" box="[1278,2237,2173,2205]" gridrow="19" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32110EC032BFB2" box="[1278,1647,2173,2205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Java</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF968110ECEE0BFB2" box="[1700,2237,2173,2205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96511F3CE13BFB2" author="Polunin, N. V. C. & N. S. Nuitja" box="[1705,2126,2176,2205]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88265" refString="Polunin, N. V. C., and N. S. Nuitja. 1982. Sea turtle populations of Indonesia and Thailand. Pages 353 - 362 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Polunin and Nuitja (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB3211C3CEE0BFE0" box="[1278,2237,2224,2255]" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB3211C3C032BFE0" box="[1278,1647,2224,2255]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Western Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF96811C3CEE0BFE0" box="[1700,2237,2224,2255]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96611C1C1FDBFE0" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1706,1952,2226,2255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321065CEE0BE1B" box="[1278,2237,2326,2356]" gridrow="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321065CEE0BE1B" box="[1278,2237,2326,2356]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FACD1065C022BE1B" bold="true" box="[1281,1663,2326,2356]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Western Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321033CEE0BE47" box="[1278,2237,2368,2408]" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321033C032BE47" box="[1278,1647,2368,2408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
Taiwan
|
||
|
|
<subScript id="50510948FF82FFA9FAB41033C3DABE7C" attach="right" box="[1400,1415,2368,2387]" fontSize="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FF82FFA9FAB41033C3DABE7C" attach="left" box="[1400,1415,2368,2387]" fontSize="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">3</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</subScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681033CEE0BE47" box="[1700,2237,2368,2408]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9641038C1D9BE47" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[1704,1924,2379,2408]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref78015" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1982. Distribution of sea turtles in China seas. Pages 321 - 322 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Huang (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32101DCEE0BEBA" box="[1278,2237,2414,2453]" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32101DC032BEBA" box="[1278,1647,2414,2453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
Sarawak
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FF82FFA9FA4A101DC3C9BEAE" attach="left" box="[1414,1428,2414,2433]" fontSize="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">3</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF968101DCEE0BEBA" box="[1700,2237,2414,2453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F964100BC1EFBEBA" author="Harrisson, T." box="[1704,1970,2424,2453]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" pagination="419 - 422" refId="ref76535" refString="Harrisson, T. 1965. Notes on marine turtles - 16. Some loggerhead (and hawksbill) comparisons with the green turtle. Sarawak Mus. J. (n. s.) 12: 419 - 422." type="journal article" year="1965">Harrisson (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB3210D7CEE0BEEB" box="[1278,2237,2468,2500]" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB3210D7C032BEEB" box="[1278,1647,2468,2500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Papua-New Guinea</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF96810D7CEE0BEEB" box="[1700,2237,2468,2500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96410D4C122BEEB" author="Spring, C. S." box="[1704,1919,2471,2500]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref93414" refString="Spring, C. S. 1982. Status of marine turtle populations in Papua New Guinea. Pages 281 - 289 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Spring (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32137ECEE0BD04" box="[1278,2237,2573,2603]" gridrow="25" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32137ECEE0BD04" box="[1278,2237,2573,2603]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FACD137EC009BD04" bold="true" box="[1281,1620,2573,2603]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">South Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321332CEE0BD4F" box="[1278,2237,2625,2656]" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321332C032BD4F" box="[1278,1647,2625,2656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Solomon Islands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681332CEE0BD4F" box="[1700,2237,2625,2656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96B1330C139BD4F" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1703,1892,2627,2656]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8B01330CE22BD4F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1916,2175,2627,2656]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB32131DCEE0BDA2" box="[1278,2237,2670,2701]" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB32131DC032BDA2" box="[1278,1647,2670,2701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">New Caledonia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF968131DCEE0BDA2" box="[1700,2237,2670,2701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96B1303C1F2BDA2" author="Sternberg, J." box="[1703,1967,2672,2701]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref93702" refString="Sternberg, J. 1981. The worldwide distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1981">Sternberg (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB3213EFCEE0BD94" box="[1278,2237,2716,2747]" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB3213EFC032BD94" box="[1278,1647,2716,2747]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Fiji</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF96813EFCEE0BD94" box="[1700,2237,2716,2747]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96A13EDC1F5BD94" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1702,1960,2718,2747]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB3213B9CEE0BDC6" box="[1278,2237,2762,2793]" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB3213B9C032BDC6" box="[1278,1647,2762,2793]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Cook Islands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF96813B9CEE0BDC6" box="[1700,2237,2762,2793]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F96913BFC11FBDC6" author="Gill, W." box="[1701,1858,2764,2793]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref75478" refString="Gill, W. 1876. Life in the southern isles. Religious Tract Society, London." type="book" year="1876">Gill (1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9F89F13BFC136BDC6" box="[1875,1899,2764,2793]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F8B013BFCE6ABDC6" author="Wiens, HJ" box="[1916,2103,2764,2793]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref96316" refString="Wiens, HJ. 1962. Atoll environment and ecology. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT." type="book" year="1962">Wiens 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321242CEE0BC60" box="[1278,2237,2865,2895]" gridrow="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321242CEE0BC60" box="[1278,2237,2865,2895]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF82FFA9FB321242C02CBC60" bold="true" box="[1278,1649,2865,2895]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">Eastern Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFF82004CFB321228CEE0BCAC" box="[1278,2237,2907,2947]" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CFB321228C032BCAC" box="[1278,1647,2907,2947]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
Nicaragua
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FF82FFA9FA6C1228C3F2BC41" attach="left" box="[1440,1455,2907,2926]" fontSize="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">3</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FF82004CF9681228CEE0BCAC" box="[1700,2237,2907,2947]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF82FFA9F9681215C1F1BCAC" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[1700,1964,2918,2947]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF82FFA9FED712D0C278BCE7" blockId="26.[283,1061,2979,3016]" box="[283,1061,2979,3016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FF82FFA9FED712D0C278BCE7" box="[283,1061,2979,3016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[280,2237,408,2947]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FF82FFA9FED712D0C77ABC99" attach="right" box="[283,295,2979,2998]" fontSize="5" pageId="26" pageNumber="20">ᵃ</superScript>
|
||
|
|
The validity of these reports is questionable. See text.
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF83FFA8FEC21DA5C7D7B230" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224184" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224184/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="21" startId="27.[270,322,1238,1274]" targetBox="[253,2212,317,1183]" targetPageId="27" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF83FFA8FEC21DA5C7D7B230" blockId="27.[270,2201,1238,1311]" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 5. Worldwide nesting locations of the loggerhead.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF83FFA8FB931DA5C2FCB3D5" box="[1119,1185,1238,1274]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">Stars</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
represent major nesting locations arid
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF83FFA8F9211DA5C166B3D5" box="[1773,1851,1238,1274]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">circles</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
indicate minor nesting areas.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF83FFA8FEC5121FC146BCC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224186/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="21" startId="27.[265,322,2924,2964]" targetBox="[307,2192,1348,2882]" targetPageId="27" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF83FFA8FEC5121FC146BCC9" blockId="27.[265,2193,2924,3046]" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 6. Nesting locations of the loggerhead in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF83FFA8F8DF121FC1B6BCBB" box="[1811,2027,2924,2964]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">Heavy stippling</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
represents major areas of nesting;
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF83FFA8FD6E12E4C53DBC92" box="[674,864,2967,3005]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">light stippling</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
represents areas of lesser but still important nesting concentrations;
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF83FFA8F85012E4C1AABC92" box="[1948,2039,2967,3005]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="21">arrows</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
represent areas with sporadic but consistent nesting, or areas where loggerheads have nested only rarely.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FF84FFAFFEE31F00C4D7B1EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224188" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224188/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" startId="28.[303,360,1651,1688]" targetBox="[291,2133,316,1602]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF84FFAFFEE31F00C4D7B1EE" blockId="28.[303,2238,1651,1729]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">
|
||
|
|
Fig. 7. Histogram showing size frequency distribution of loggerheads stranded along European coasts of the Atlantic Ocean (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFEAC1FECC426B1EE" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[352,635,1695,1729]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF84FFAFFE941EBCC288BD83" blockId="28.[300,1244,1999,2732]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads have also been reported from Mauritania (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFE681173C4C7BF07" author="Maigret" box="[420,666,2048,2088]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref83836" refString="Maigret. J. 1983. Repartition des tortues de mer sur les cotes ouest Africaines. Bull. Soc. Herpetol. Fr. 28: 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1983">Maigret 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Senegal (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFCAA1173C23FBF07" author="Cadenat, J." box="[870,1122,2048,2088]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="16 - 35" refId="ref68270" refString="Cadenat, J. 1949. Notes sur les tortues marines des cotes du Senegal. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 11: 16 - 35." type="journal article" year="1949">Cadenat 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFB4D1173C289BF07" author="Cadenat, J." box="[1153,1236,2048,2088]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="1358 - 1375" refId="ref68301" refString="Cadenat, J. 1957. Observations de cetaces, sireniens, cheloniens et sauriens en 1955 - 1956. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 19: 1358 - 1375." type="journal article" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFEE11140C45EBF75" author="Villiers, A." box="[301,515,2099,2138]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDD31140C55EBF75" author="Maigret" box="[543,771,2099,2138]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref83806" refString="Maigret. J. 1977. Les tortues de mer du Senegal. Bull. Ass. Avanc. Sei. Nat. Senegal 59: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1977">Maigret 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFCEE1140C530BF75" author="Maigret" box="[802,877,2099,2138]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref83836" refString="Maigret. J. 1983. Repartition des tortues de mer sur les cotes ouest Africaines. Bull. Soc. Herpetol. Fr. 28: 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC441140C23FBF75" author="Dupuy, A. R." box="[904,1122,2099,2138]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="4 - 7" refId="ref71206" refString="Dupuy, A. R. 1986. The status of marine turtles in Senegal. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 39: 4 - 7." type="journal article" year="1986">Dupuy 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Cape Verde Islands
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF84FFAFFDFB1117C43CBFA4" box="[567,609,2148,2187]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDB91117C5F4BFA4" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[629,937,2148,2187]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Brongersma 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC031117C295BFA4" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[975,1224,2148,2187]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref91323" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1979. Sea turtle protection needed at Cape Verde Islands. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 12: 12." type="journal volume" year="1979">Schleich 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Nigeria
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF84FFAFFE7111E6C7BABF93" box="[445,487,2197,2236]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFE3411E6C56FBF93" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[504,818,2197,2236]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Brongersma 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Angola (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC3C11E6C7D9BFC2" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Huntley & D. Wearne" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="58 - 59" refId="ref78902" refString="Hughes, G. R., B. Huntley, and D. Wearne. 1973. Sea turtles in Angola. Biol. Conserv. 5: 58 - 59." type="journal article" year="1973">Hughes et al. 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Namibia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFD6B11B5C5F7BFC2" author="Sternberg, J." box="[679,938,2246,2285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref93702" refString="Sternberg, J. 1981. The worldwide distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1981">Sternberg 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC0711B5C2EBBFC2" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[971,1206,2246,2285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
b). In Macronesian waters,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF84FFAFFD131184C514BE32" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[735,841,2295,2333]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF84FFAFFD131184C514BE32" box="[735,841,2295,2333]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is found in the Azores (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFEF7105BC7ABBE60" author="Barth, E. K." box="[315,502,2344,2383]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="10 - 13" refId="ref65496" refString="Barth, E. K. 1964. Notes on the common loggerhead Caretta caretta L. Nytt Mag. Zool. 12: 10 - 13." type="journal article" year="1964">Barth 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDDC105BC567BE60" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[528,826,2344,2383]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref67163" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1971. Ocean records of turtles (North Atlantic Ocean). IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 103 - 108." type="book chapter" year="1971">Brongersma 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC97105BC5FBBE60" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[859,934,2344,2383]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Carr 1986b), the Canary Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDB1102AC58FBEAF" author="Steindachner, F." box="[637,978,2393,2432]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="287 - 306" refId="ref93637" refString="Steindachner, F. 1891. Ueber die Reptilien und Batrachier der westlichen und ostlichen Gruppe der Canarischen Inseln. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 6: 287 - 306." type="journal article" year="1891">Steindachner 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Brongersma 1968b), and the Madeira and Selvagens islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFEF710CFC435BECB" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[315,616,2492,2532]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref67223" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1982. Marine turtles of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pages 407 - 416 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Brongersma 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Of the areas listed, nesting has only been documented for Senegal and the Cape Verde Islands although it may occur at scattered locations elsewhere. Hughes (1982b) speculated on the possibility of nesting at Skeleton Coast Park in northwest Namibia.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF84FFAFFE991399C089BD81" blockId="28.[299,1241,2794,3032]" lastBlockId="28.[1293,2242,1848,2734]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">
|
||
|
|
In the Indian Ocean, loggerheads are reported from the eastern coast of Africa from the following locations: South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDE3123EC5A2BC5A" author="Bass, A. J. & H. J. McAllister" box="[559,1023,2893,2933]" firstAuthor="Bass" journalOrPublisher="S. Afr. J. Sei." pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="287 - 288" part="60" refId="ref65691" refString="Bass, A. J., and H. J. McAllister. 1964. Turtles breeding on the Natal coast. S. Afr. J. Sei. 60 (9): 287 - 288." title="Turtles breeding on the Natal coast." type="journal article" year="1964">Bass and McAllister 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFBEE123EC7BEBC89" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFDC9120CC50BBC89" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[517,854,2943,2982]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFCB4120CC724BCF7" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFE6F12C2C4FFBCF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[419,674,2993,3032]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="56 - 66" refId="ref78093" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1969 a. Report to the Survival Service Commission on marine turtles in southern Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 20: 56 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1969">Hughes 1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFD0212C2C571BCF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[718,812,2993,3032]" firstAuthor="b" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="56 - 66" refId="ref78093" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1969 a. Report to the Survival Service Commission on marine turtles in southern Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 20: 56 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1969">1969b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC9B12C2C5EABCF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[855,951,2993,3032]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">1970a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFC2E12C2C21DBCF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[994,1088,2993,3032]" firstAuthor="b" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="26 - 36" part="12" refId="ref78190" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 b. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, IV. Lammergeyer 12: 26 - 36." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, IV" type="journal article" year="1970">1970b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFBA012C2C297BCF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1132,1226,2993,3032]" firstAuthor="b" journalOrPublisher="S. Afr. Assoc. Mar. Biol. Res. Bull." pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="43" part="9" refId="ref78248" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 b. Biology of marine turtles. S. Afr. Assoc. Mar. Biol. Res. Bull. 9: 43." title="Biology of marine turtles." type="journal volume" year="1971">1971b</bibRefCitation>
|
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, 1971c, 1971d, 1971e, 1972, 1974a, 1974b, 1975a, 1976a, 1976b, 1977, 1978
|
||
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|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF84FFAFF9BD1E1AC0C4B0BD" box="[1649,1689,1897,1938]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">[in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF9631E1ACE7BB0BD" author="Heydorn, A. E. F. & N. D. Bang & A. F. Pearce & B. W. Flemming & R. A. Carter & M. H. Schleyer & P. F. Berry & G. R. Hughes & A. J. Bass & J. H. Wallace & R. P. van der Eist & R. J. M. Crawford & P. A. Shelton" box="[1711,2086,1897,1938]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="151 - 190" refId="ref76879" refString="Heydorn, A. E. F., N. D. Bang, A. F. Pearce, B. W. Flemming, R. A. Carter, M. H. Schleyer, P. F. Berry, G. R. Hughes, A. J. Bass, J. H. Wallace, R. P. van der Eist, R. J. M. Crawford, and P. A. Shelton. 1978. Ecology of the Agulthas Current Region: an assessment of biological responses to environmental parameters in the south-west Indian Ocean. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 43 (2): 151 - 190." type="journal article" year="1978">Heydorn et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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], 1982a, 1982b, 1984;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF9CE1EEFC1ECB0EC" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1538,1969,1948,1987]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
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), Mozambique (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFAD21EBDC046B0D9" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1310,1563,1998,2038]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF98F1EBDC0C2B0D9" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1603,1695,1998,2038]" firstAuthor="c" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref78280" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 c. Sea turtle research and conservation in south east Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 57 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971c</bibRefCitation>
|
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, 1971e, 1974b, 1976a, 1982b;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFADC1173C3ABBF07" author="Frazier, J." box="[1296,1526,2048,2088]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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), Madagascar (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF8C31173C300BF77" author="Vaillant, L. & G. Grandidier" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="26 - 80" refId="ref95355" refString="Vaillant, L., and G. Grandidier. 1910. Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. Vol. XVII. Histoire naturelle des reptiles, premiere partie: crocodiles et tortues. A. and G. Grandidier, Paris. Pages 26 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1910">Vaillant and Grandidier 1910</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFAB41141C03CBF77" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1400,1633,2098,2136]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref78280" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 c. Sea turtle research and conservation in south east Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 57 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1971">Hughes 1971c</bibRefCitation>
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, 1971e, 1974a, 1974b, 1976a, 1982b;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFAC31110C056BFA5" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1295,1547,2147,2186]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard 1979</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF9E91110C15CBFA5" author="Frazier, J." box="[1573,1793,2147,2186]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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), Tanzania (
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF8101110CEE8BFA5" author="Frazier, J." box="[2012,2229,2147,2186]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="11 - 14" refId="ref73942" refString="Frazier, J. 1976. Sea turtles in Tanzania. Tanzania Notes and Records 77 - 78: 11 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1976">Frazier 1976</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFADF11E6C303BF93" author="Frazier, J." box="[1299,1374,2197,2236]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" refId="ref73990" refString="Frazier, J. 1982. Status of sea turtles in the Central Western Indian Ocean. Pages 385 - 389 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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; Hughes 1982b), and Kenya (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF87011E6CEF4BF93" author="Frazier, J." box="[1980,2217,2197,2236]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="6 - 10" refId="ref73916" refString="Frazier, J. 1975. Marine turtles. Post (East African Academy, Kenya) 2 (2): 6 - 10." type="journal article" year="1975">Frazier 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Loggerheads also have been reported in the St. Brandon Islands (
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF9CB1184C15BBE31" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1543,1798,2295,2334]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="165 - 189" refId="ref78553" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1975 b. The St. Brandon turtle fishery. Proc. R. Soc. Arts Sei. Mauritius 3 (2): 165 - 189." type="journal article" year="1975">Hughes 1975b</bibRefCitation>
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) and in the vicinity of Aldabra (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFFA0A105BC0F7BE60" author="Frazier, J." box="[1478,1706,2344,2383]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier 1971</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF917105BC11FBE60" author="Frazier, J." box="[1755,1858,2344,2383]" editor="D. Stoddart" firstAuthor="b" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="417 - 468" refId="ref74063" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 b. Marine turtles in the Seychelles and adjacent territories. Pages 417 - 468 in D. Stoddart (ed.), Biogeography and ecology of the Seychelles Islands. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague." title="Marine turtles in the Seychelles and adjacent territories." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biogeography and ecology of the Seychelles Islands. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague" year="1984">1984b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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). Nesting occurs in Tongaland (Natal, South Africa), on adjacent beaches in Mozambique, and on the southern and southwestern portions of Madagascar. The loggerhead is considered rare in Tanzania, Kenya, and the oceanic islands, although they may be more common in waters of the Seychelles than literature records indicate (J. Mortimer, personal communication).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF84FFAEFAFB1399C5DFB6F0" blockId="28.[1292,2235,2794,3032]" lastBlockId="29.[278,1218,341,479]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">
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Hughes
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF84FFAFFA071399C3A9BC3D" box="[1483,1524,2794,2834]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="22">(in</emphasis>
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF84FFAFF9C91399C134BC3D" author="Heydorn, A. E. F. & N. D. Bang & A. F. Pearce & B. W. Flemming & R. A. Carter & M. H. Schleyer & P. F. Berry & G. R. Hughes & A. J. Bass & J. H. Wallace & R. P. van der Eist & R. J. M. Crawford & P. A. Shelton" box="[1541,1897,2794,2834]" pageId="28" pageNumber="22" pagination="151 - 190" refId="ref76879" refString="Heydorn, A. E. F., N. D. Bang, A. F. Pearce, B. W. Flemming, R. A. Carter, M. H. Schleyer, P. F. Berry, G. R. Hughes, A. J. Bass, J. H. Wallace, R. P. van der Eist, R. J. M. Crawford, and P. A. Shelton. 1978. Ecology of the Agulthas Current Region: an assessment of biological responses to environmental parameters in the south-west Indian Ocean. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 43 (2): 151 - 190." type="journal article" year="1978">Heydorn et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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) noted that loggerhead hatchlings enter the warm Agulhas Current and may spend up to three years in a pelagic life stage riding the current around the Indian Ocean. He further suggested that small turtles found in Western Australia might have originated in Tongaland. He mentioned that large numbers of loggerheads have been seen passing Reunion Island in the Mascarenes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFAEFEF31B6EC213B12F" blockId="29.[274,1220,541,1536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
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In the northwestern Indian Ocean, loggerheads are rare except for the large nesting colony at Masirah Island, Oman (
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFDE41BF1C485B585" author="Ross, J. P." box="[552,728,642,682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFD351BF1C5EAB585" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[761,951,642,682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFC141BF1C2EFB585" author="Frazier, J." box="[984,1202,642,682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFED91BC7C4F5B5F4" author="Ross, J. P. & M. A. Barwani" box="[277,680,692,731]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref90524" refString="Ross, J. P., and M. A. Barwani. 1982. Review of sea turtles in the Arabian area. Pages 373 - 383 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross and Barwani 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
). A small number of tag returns (Af = 8) indicate that the distribution extends from the Masirah nesting grounds west toward the Horn of Africa, and east toward Pakistan and into the Arabian Gulf (Ross, personal communication).
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFC081A0CC7BDB4F6" author="Ross, J. P. & M. A. Barwani" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref90524" refString="Ross, J. P., and M. A. Barwani. 1982. Review of sea turtles in the Arabian area. Pages 373 - 383 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross and Barwani (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also report that loggerheads are found in the Red Sea in the Sinai area and that nesting might occur there, but these reports remain unconfirmed. Until recently, loggerheads from the Persian Gulf were unknown, but T. Preen (personal communication) reported that surveys conducted by J.D. Miller have turned up four observations of nonnesting loggerheads in this area. There are a few records of loggerheads in the vicinity of the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFCC41C06C58BB2B3" author="Brown, J. N. B." box="[776,982,1397,1436]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref67315" refString="Brown, J. N. B. 1979. Loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta. Emirates Nat. Hist. Group Bull. (7): 8." type="journal volume" year="1979">Brown 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFC3B1C06C21FB2B3" author="Brown, J. N. B." box="[1015,1090,1397,1436]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref67344" refString="Brown, J. N. B. 1983. The loggerhead turtle - Caretta caretta. Emirates Nat. Hist. Group Bull. (21): 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFBAF1C06C2F2B2B3" author="Brown, J. N. B." box="[1123,1199,1397,1436]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="23 - 24" refId="ref67377" refString="Brown, J. N. B. 1984. Recent turtle records. Emirates Nat. Hist. Group Bull. (24): 23 - 24." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFED91CD4C73DB2E1" author="Brown, J. N. B." box="[277,352,1447,1486]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref67407" refString="Brown, J. N. B. 1985. Recent turtle records from the United Arab Emirates. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 35: 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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) and one tag return from the Masirah colony in Saudi Arabia (Ross, personal communication).
|
||
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFAEFEF61F4EC474BD65" blockId="29.[269,1211,1597,2634]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
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|
Except for the observations of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFC941F4EC2F0B14B" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[856,1197,1597,1636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFED81F03C738B1B8" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[276,357,1648,1687]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
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),
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFE4C1F03C513B1B8" author="Jones, S. & A. B. Fernando" box="[384,846,1648,1687]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref79576" refString="Jones, S., and A. B. Fernando. 1973. Present status of the turtle fishery in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay. Pages 712 - 715 in Proceedings of the symposium on living resources of the seas around India, Spec. Publ. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Cochin." type="proceedings" year="1973">Jones and Fernando (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFCA41F03C726B1E6" author="Murthy, T. S. N. & A. G. K. Menon" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref86174" refString="Murthy, T. S. N., and A. G. K. Menon. 1976. The turtle resources of India. Seafood Export J. 8: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1976">Murthy and Menon (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
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, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFE291FD2C5DAB1E6" author="Kar, C. S. & S. Bhaskar" box="[485,903,1697,1737]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref79899" refString="Kar, C. S., and S. Bhaskar. 1982. Status of sea turtles in the eastern Indian Ocean. Pages 365 - 372 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Kar and Bhaskar (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
of loggerheads in the Gulf of Mannar between India and Sri Lanka,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFEDE1E76C726B004" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[274,379,1797,1835]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFEDE1E76C726B004" box="[274,379,1797,1835]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
seems conspicuously absent from the northern Indian Ocean.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFDDB1E45C54CB072" author="Minton, S. A." box="[535,785,1846,1885]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="27 - 184" part="134" refId="ref85478" refString="Minton, S. A. 1966. A contribution to the herpetology ofWest Pakistan. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 134: 27 - 184." title="A contribution to the herpetology ofWest Pakistan" type="journal article" year="1966">Minton (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
thought that they might occur in the coastal waters of Pakistan, but was unable to confirm this. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFD331EEAC2E7B0EF" author="Ghalib, S. A. & S. S. H. Zaidi" box="[767,1210,1945,1984]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="87 - 96" refId="ref75434" refString="Ghalib, S. A., and S. S. H. Zaidi. 1976. Observations on the survey and breeding of marine turtles of Karachi coast. Agric. Pak. 27 (l): 87 - 96." type="journal article" year="1976">Ghalib and Zaidi (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFE7A1EB9C442B0DE" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[438,543,1994,2033]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFE7A1EB9C442B0DE" box="[438,543,1994,2033]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
occurs in Pakistani waters, but that nesting does not. The loggerhead is reported to be common off the coast ofTuticorin in the months of March and April (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFE0B1112C4BFBFA7" author="Valliappan, S." box="[455,738,2145,2184]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="26 - 30" refId="ref95406" refString="Valliappan, S. 1973. Sea turtles in Indian waters. Cheetal 16: 26 - 30." type="journal article" year="1973">Valliappan 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Nesting apparently occurs in Sri Lanka, but
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFDF011E1C4AEBF96" author="Das, I." box="[572,755,2194,2233]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref70551" refString="Das, I. 1985. Indian turtles. A field guide. World Wildlife Fund-India (eastern region), Calcutta, 119 pp." type="book" year="1985">Das (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFC7711E1C279BF96" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[955,1060,2194,2233]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFC7711E1C279BF96" box="[955,1060,2194,2233]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
does not nest along Indian shores despite claims to the contrary as previously noted. Also, there is a curious discrepancy between the nesting seasons reported for these nearby areas (Table 4) and it is possible that confusion exists in the identification of species (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFCD010FFC5E3BE9C" author="Das, I." box="[796,958,2444,2483]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref70551" refString="Das, I. 1985. Indian turtles. A field guide. World Wildlife Fund-India (eastern region), Calcutta, 119 pp." type="book" year="1985">Das 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads also have been reported to nest in the Maldives (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFED71083C42DBD39" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[283,624,2544,2582]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref70977" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1933. The loggerhead turtles (Carettidae) of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 18: 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1933">Deraniyagala 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), but this claim is disputed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFEC11351C444BD65" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" box="[269,537,2594,2634]" firstAuthor="Hughes" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFAEFEF913F5C387B46F" blockId="29.[268,1208,2694,3033]" lastBlockId="29.[1267,2209,341,832]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
There has been considerable confusion concerning the identification of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFDE713CBC4C9BDF0" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[555,660,2744,2783]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFDE713CBC4C9BDF0" box="[555,660,2744,2783]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFD2213CBC5F6BDF0" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[750,939,2744,2783]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFD2213CBC5F6BDF0" box="[750,939,2744,2783]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in the herpetological literature of the western Pacific (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFC331399C73FBC6C" author="Nishimura, S." pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFE49126FC43FBC6C" author="Smith, M. A." bookContentInfo="Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 1. - Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London" box="[389,610,2844,2883]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref92953" refString="Smith, M. A. 1931. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 1. - Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London." title="The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma" type="book" year="1931">Smith (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that although the loggerhead is rare in the Gulf of Siam, 1.5 million eggs were taken annually in Burma prior to 1911. However, it appears that he was referring to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFCE812C1C5BCBCF6" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[804,993,2994,3033]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFCE812C1C5BCBCF6" box="[804,993,2994,3033]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
rather than
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFB3B1826C3DCB654" box="[1271,1409,341,379]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFB3B1826C3DCB654" box="[1271,1409,341,379]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
since he calls them
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9031826CE7DB654" box="[1743,2080,341,379]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9031826CE4BB654" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1931" box="[1743,2070,341,379]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caretta" subSpecies="olivacea">Caretta caretta olivacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF7E31826C302B680" author="Taylor, E. H." pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="87 - 179" refId="ref94567" refString="Taylor, E. H. 1970. The turtles and crocodiles of Thailand and adjacent waters. Univ. Kans. Sei. Bull. 49: 87 - 179." type="journal article" year="1970">Taylor (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned loggerheads in Thai waters, but gave no information on them. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF8CB18CAC1B9B6CF" author="Smith, M. A." box="[1799,2020,441,480]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="48 - 57" refId="ref92912" refString="Smith, M. A. 1916. A list of the crocodiles, tortoises, turtles and lizards at present known to inhabit Siam. J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 2: 48 - 57." type="journal article" year="1916">Smith (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF7F118CAC3BDB53C" author="Nutaphand, W." pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref86764" refString="Nutaphand, W. 1979. The turtles ofThailand. SIAMFARM Zoological Garden, Bangkok, Thailand." type="book" year="1979">Nutaphand (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
considered the species rare. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFB3A1B6EC3AFB56A" author="Suvatti, C." box="[1270,1522,541,581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="11 - 18" refId="ref94361" refString="Suvatti, C. 1950. Tao-cha-la-met. Fish. News 3 (1): 11 - 18 (In Thai)." type="journal article" year="1950">Suvatti (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF9AE1B6EC121B56A" author="Petpaidit, V. C." box="[1634,1916,541,581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="47 - 50" refId="ref88041" refString="Petpaidit, V. C. 1953. Nesting of sea turtles. Fish. News 6 (l): 47 - 50 (In Thai)." type="journal article" year="1953">Petpaidit (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
—both cited by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFB391B23C108B558" author="Phasuk, B. & S. Rongmuangsart" box="[1269,1877,592,631]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref88070" refString="Phasuk, B., and S. Rongmuangsart. 1973. Growth studies on the olive ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea olivacea Eschscholtz, in captivity and the effect of food preferences on growth. Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. Bull. No. 1: 1 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1973">Phasuk and Rongmuangsart (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, but with an incorrect date for Petpaidit—recorded nesting by loggerheads in Thailand, although those illustrated in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF7C91BC7C303B421" author="Petpaidit, V. C." pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="47 - 50" refId="ref88041" refString="Petpaidit, V. C. 1953. Nesting of sea turtles. Fish. News 6 (l): 47 - 50 (In Thai)." type="journal article" year="1953">Petpaidit (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
appear to be olive ridleys. These records need confirmation.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFAEFAD11A0CCEC5B1BA" blockId="29.[1264,2209,895,1685]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFAD11A0CC07FB489" author="Suwelo, I. S." box="[1309,1570,895,934]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="85 - 89" refId="ref94385" refString="Suwelo, I. S. 1971. Sea turtles in Indonesia. IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 85 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1971">Suwelo (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF96D1A0CCEC3B489" author="Polunin, N. V. C. & N. S. Nuitja" box="[1697,2206,895,934]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref88265" refString="Polunin, N. V. C., and N. S. Nuitja. 1982. Sea turtle populations of Indonesia and Thailand. Pages 353 - 362 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Polunin and Nuitja (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads occur in the seas around Indonesia, but that nothing is known of the species' status. They stated that loggerheads reputedly nest in west Sumatra and occasionally in Java, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF7D71D3BC300B38D" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that there are no positive records for nesting in Indonesia. Although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF8C91DDECE58B3FB" author="De Rooj, N." box="[1797,2053,1197,1236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref71451" refString="De Rooj, N. 1915. The reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. E. J. Brill Ltd., Leiden." type="book" year="1915">De Rooj (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported a number oflocalities for
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9571DACC13BB22A" box="[1691,1894,1247,1285]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9571DACC13BB22A" box="[1691,1894,1247,1285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Southeast Asia, including Java, Borneo, the Aru Islands, the Malay Peninsula, and the Philippines, it is possible that she was not distinguishing the olive ridley from the loggerhead (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFA951CD4C024B2E1" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1369,1657,1447,1486]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF9501CD4C1D4B2E1" author="Taylor, E. H." box="[1692,1929,1447,1486]" journalOrPublisher="Philipp. J. Sc" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="111 - 144" part="16" refId="ref94542" refString="Taylor, E. H. 1920. Philippine turtles. Philipp. J. Sc 16 (2): 111 - 144." title="Philippine turtles" type="book chapter" year="1920">Taylor (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
clearly referred to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFAD11CAAC387B2D0" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1309,1498,1497,1535]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFAD11CAAC387B2D0" box="[1309,1498,1497,1535]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
rather than
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9751CAAC114B2D0" box="[1721,1865,1497,1535]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9751CAAC114B2D0" box="[1721,1865,1497,1535]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in his discussion of the loggerhead in the Philippines. If they occur in the Philippines, they are rare;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF9001F4EC19FB14A" author="Gomez, E. D." box="[1740,1986,1597,1637]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="95 - 99" refId="ref75640" refString="Gomez, E. D. 1980. A review of the literature on marine turtles in the Philippines. Kalikasan, Philipp. J. Biol. 9: 95 - 99." type="journal article" year="1980">Gomez (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported no recent observations of either loggerheads or olive ridleys.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFAEFAD51FA0C070BEAE" blockId="29.[1261,2204,1747,2433]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
The behavior of loggerhead hatchlings, presumably collected locally, was compared with green and hawksbill hatchling behavior in Sarawak by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF8A81E45CED0B073" author="Harrisson, T." box="[1892,2189,1846,1884]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="419 - 422" refId="ref76535" refString="Harrisson, T. 1965. Notes on marine turtles - 16. Some loggerhead (and hawksbill) comparisons with the green turtle. Sarawak Mus. J. (n. s.) 12: 419 - 422." type="journal article" year="1965">Harrisson (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Although the hatchlings were not described, these three species were mentioned as being the "less scarce Indo-Pacific marine turtles," and that they bred in the Sarawak Turtle Islands. As such, this is probably a reference to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFA04115CC0D8BF7A" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1480,1669,2095,2133]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFA04115CC0D8BF7A" box="[1480,1669,2095,2133]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
rather than
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF8A6115CC180BF7A" box="[1898,2013,2095,2133]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF8A6115CC18FBF7A" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1898,2002,2095,2133]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Harrisson previously misidentified
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9791112C143BFA8" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1717,1822,2145,2183]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9791112C143BFA8" box="[1717,1822,2145,2183]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
hatchlings when he reported loggerhead nesting at Pulau Gulisaan in Sabah (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFB3711B7C3B3BFC3" author="de Silva, G. S." box="[1275,1518,2244,2284]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref71560" refString="de Silva, G. S. 1982. The status of sea turtle populations in East Malaysia and the South China Sea. Pages 327 - 337 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">de Silva 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Likewise,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF90411B7C186BFC3" author="Gadow, H." box="[1736,2011,2244,2284]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref75080" refString="Gadow, H. 1899. Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Wiley. Part III. Pp. 207 - 222. Cambridge University Press, London." type="book" year="1899">Gadow's (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
discussion of orthogenetic variation in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF90B1185C170BE32" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1735,1837,2294,2333]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF90B1185C170BE32" box="[1735,1837,2294,2333]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
hatchlings from New Britain likely was based on misidentified
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF812105BC07EBEAE" authority="(Nishimura 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF812105BCEC7BE60" box="[2014,2202,2344,2383]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFB371029C040BEAE" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1275,1565,2394,2433]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF85FFADFADB10CCC427B42C" blockId="29.[1258,2200,2495,3034]" lastBlockId="30.[296,1240,329,771]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads have been reported in Chinese and Taiwanese waters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF99A1082C14BBD38" author="Fang, P. W." box="[1622,1814,2545,2583]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="145 - 199" refId="ref72602" refString="Fang, P. W. 1934. Notes on some chelonians of China. Sinensia (Nanking) 4 (7): 145 - 199." type="journal article" year="1934">Fang 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF8FE1082C110BD38" box="[1842,1869,2545,2583]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF8A51082CED4BD38" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1897,2185,2545,2583]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFB211351C3E3BD66" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[1261,1470,2594,2633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref77988" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1979. Oceanic reptiles and amphibians. Ocean Sei. Mag. No. 4: 32 - 35 (In Chinese)." type="book chapter" year="1979">Huang 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFA171351C078BD66" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[1499,1573,2594,2633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref78015" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1982. Distribution of sea turtles in China seas. Pages 321 - 322 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) either as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9161351CEC8BD66" box="[1754,2197,2594,2633]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9161351C1F6BD66" box="[1754,1963,2594,2633]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF80A1351CED6BD66" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1990,2187,2594,2633]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">C. c. olivacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
or
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFAD71327C39CBD53" box="[1307,1473,2644,2684]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFAD71327C3E5BD53" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1307,1464,2644,2684]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">C olivacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
For instance,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEF97A1327C1C5BD53" author="Fang, P. W." box="[1718,1944,2644,2684]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" pagination="145 - 199" refId="ref72602" refString="Fang, P. W. 1934. Notes on some chelonians of China. Sinensia (Nanking) 4 (7): 145 - 199." type="journal article" year="1934">Fang's (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
synonymy and list of distinguishing characters clearly confused the red-brown with the olive "loggerhead," so much so that he recommended
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEF9EA1398C0C5BC3E" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1574,1688,2795,2833]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEF9EA1398C0C5BC3E" box="[1574,1688,2795,2833]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
be placed in synonymy with
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF85FFAEFB27126EC309BC6B" box="[1259,1364,2845,2884]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="23">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF85FFAEFB27126EC317BC6B" box="[1259,1354,2845,2884]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF85FFAEFAAA126EC009BC6B" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[1382,1620,2845,2884]" pageId="29" pageNumber="23" refId="ref78015" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1982. Distribution of sea turtles in China seas. Pages 321 - 322 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Huang (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded nesting, and stated that loggerheads were found in coastal waters of Taiwan, Gungdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Hebei. However, he previously referred to loggerheads as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFDE1183AC5ACB65E" authority="(Huang 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[557,1009,329,369]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFDE1183AC4ABB65E" box="[557,758,329,369]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">C. c. olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCDC183AC5BFB65E" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[784,994,329,369]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref77988" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1979. Oceanic reptiles and amphibians. Ocean Sei. Mag. No. 4: 32 - 35 (In Chinese)." type="book chapter" year="1979">Huang 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
so it remains unclear whether these records are for
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFC691808C250B68D" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[933,1037,379,418]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFC691808C250B68D" box="[933,1037,379,418]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
rather than
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFEE418DEC7B0B6F9" box="[296,493,429,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFEE418DEC7B9B6F9" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[296,484,429,470]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDCD18DEC4AFB6F9" author="Huang Chu-Chien" box="[513,754,429,470]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="38 - 40" refId="ref77953" refString="Huang Chu-Chien. 1976. Records of the observation and study of sea turtles in the Xisha Islands. Sei. Exp. No. 9: 38 - 40 (In Chinese)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Huang (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
did not record
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFBC018DEC22BB6F9" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1036,1142,429,470]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFBC018DEC22BB6F9" box="[1036,1142,429,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from the Xisha Islands. There appears to be no nesting records for the coast of Indochina although both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFB9A1B61C7CDB542" author="Bourret, R." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref66758" refString="Bourret, R. 1941. Les Tortues de l'lndochine. Notes Inst. Oceanographique de l'lndochine, Stn. Mark. Cauda, Nhatrang (38): 235 pp." type="journal volume" year="1941">Bourret (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFE2A1B37C490B542" author="Huong, N. K." box="[486,717,580,621]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="275 - 287" refId="ref79014" refString="Huong, N. K. 1978. Mo so loai rua o vung bien mien nam Viet-Nam. Tuyen Tap Nghien Cuu Bien l (l): 275 - 287." type="book chapter" year="1978">Huong (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
listed
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFCF11B37C241B542" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1835" box="[829,1052,580,621]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFCF11B37C241B542" box="[829,1052,580,621]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Viet-nam, thus suggesting loggerheads or olive ridleys might occur in coastal waters. It is probable these records are for the olive ridley.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFE9E1A32C5FEB2E6" blockId="30.[291,1243,833,1481]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFE9E1A32C4D4B445" author="Nishimura, S." box="[338,649,833,874]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reviewed the status of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFBF61A32C2FEB445" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1082,1187,833,874]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFBF61A32C2FEB445" box="[1082,1187,833,874]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Japan and noted that references to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFC4F1A07C21FB4B2" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[899,1090,884,925]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFC4F1A07C21FB4B2" box="[899,1090,884,925]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Japanese waters probably were based on
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFC561AD4C285B4E0" box="[922,1240,935,975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFC561AD4C25EB4E0" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[922,1027,935,975]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFBD01AD4C285B4E0" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1052,1240,935,975]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
is actually quite rare in Japan (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCAE1AA8C722B317" author="Nishimura, S. & K. Hara" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="31 - 35" refId="ref86671" refString="Nishimura, S., and K. Hara. 1967. The status of the sea turtles of the genera Caretta and Lepidochelys in Japanese waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Acta Herpetol. Jpn. 2: 31 - 35 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura and Hara 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Additional records of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFCD01D7CC5DAB317" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[796,903,1039,1080]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFCD01D7CC5DAB317" box="[796,903,1039,1080]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Japan are in the following sources:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD901D30C5D5B344" author="Takeshima, H." box="[604,904,1091,1131]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="486 - 493" refId="ref94417" refString="Takeshima, H. 1958. A synopsis of the reptiles ofJapan. Misc. Rep. Yamashina's Inst. Ornith. Zool. (12): 486 - 493 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1958">Takeshima (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC6E1D30C294B344" author="Nishimura, S." box="[930,1225,1091,1131]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEE41D05C448B3B0" author="Uchida, I." box="[296,533,1142,1183]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref95067" refString="Uchida, I. 1973. Pacific loggerhead turtle - and its mysterious oceanic life. Anima 1 (3): 5 - 17 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1973">Uchida (1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDF01D05C4DAB3B0" author="Uchida, I." box="[572,647,1142,1183]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref95097" refString="Uchida, I. 1975. Biological studies of the Pacific loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Japan. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (In Japanese)." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD621D05C4AAB3B0" author="Uchida, I." box="[686,759,1142,1183]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="472 - 476" refId="ref95141" refString="Uchida, I. 1981. Reproductive biology and conservation of Pacific loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) in Japan. Saishu to Shiiku 43: 472 - 476 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCEC1D05C52EB3B0" author="Nuitja, I. N. S. & I. Uchida" box="[800,883,1142,1183]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="157 - 160" refId="ref86719" refString="Nuitja, I. N. S., and I. Uchida. 1982. Preliminary studies on the growth and food consumption of the juvenile loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta L.) in captivity. Aquaculture 27: 157 - 160." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC511D05C295B3B0" author="Miyawaki, I." box="[925,1224,1142,1183]" journalOrPublisher="Yaeyama Group. Mar. Parks J., Japan" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="15 - 18" part="53" refId="ref85652" refString="Miyawaki, I. 1981. Sea turtles nesting in Kuroshima, Yaeyama Group. Mar. Parks J., Japan 53: 15 - 18 (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtles nesting in Kuroshima" type="journal article" year="1981">Miyawaki (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEE41DDAC50FB3FF" author="Uchida, I. & M. Nishiwaki" box="[296,850,1193,1232]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref95259" refString="Uchida, I., and M. Nishiwaki. 1982. Sea turtles in the waters adjacent to Japan. Pages 317 - 319 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Uchida and Nishiwaki (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCB01DDAC29AB3FF" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[892,1223,1193,1232]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref64533" refString="Anonymous. 1977. National monument: the loggerhead turtle. Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)." title="National monument: the loggerhead turtle" type="book" year="1977">Anonymous (1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEE01DA8C7D7B22C" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[300,394,1243,1283]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">
|
||
|
|
1984
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEB01DA8C45CB22C" author="Rhodin, A. G. J. & P. C. H. Pritchard & R. A. Mittermeier" box="[380,513,1243,1283]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="369 - 373" refId="ref89750" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J., P. C. H. Pritchard, and R. A. Mittermeier. 1984. The incidence of spinal deformities in marine turtles, with notes on the prevalence of kyphosis in Indonesian Chelonia mydas. Br. J. Herpetol. 6: 369 - 373." type="journal article" year="1984">a, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDF51DA8C5E5B22C" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[569,952,1243,1283]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBE41DA8C7CCB21A" author="Kamezaki, N." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="152 - 155" refId="ref79862" refString="Kamezaki, N. 1986. Notes on the nesting of the sea turtles in the Yaeyama Group, Ryukyu Archipelago. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 11 (3): 152 - 155." type="journal article" year="1986">Kamezaki (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Nesting occurs on islands in the south and along the east and west coasts of Kyushu, the southeast coast of Shikoku, and the southeast and northeast coasts of Honshu (see references in Table 4).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFE9E1F76C512B076" blockId="30.[295,1238,1541,1881]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads have been reported in Korea, the Ryukyu Islands, and Formosa by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC871F44C2D7B171" author="Takeshima, H." box="[843,1162,1591,1630]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="486 - 493" refId="ref94417" refString="Takeshima, H. 1958. A synopsis of the reptiles ofJapan. Misc. Rep. Yamashina's Inst. Ornith. Zool. (12): 486 - 493 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1958">Takeshima (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFE611F19C480B1BE" author="Nishimura, S." box="[429,733,1642,1681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested these observations may have been of olive ridleys as well as loggerheads. The furthest north that loggerheads have been documented is Peter-the-Great Bay in the Soviet Union (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEF91E41C563B076" author="Terentjev, P. V. & A. S. Chernov" box="[309,830,1842,1881]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref94644" refString="Terentjev, P. V., and A. S. Chernov. 1949. Key to the reptiles and amphibians. Moscow (In Russian)." type="book" year="1949">Terentjev and Chernov 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFE9E1EE5C253BC6D" blockId="30.[293,1239,1942,2882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads occur in waters all around Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEF91EBBC47BB0C0" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[309,550,1992,2031]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref69691" refString="Cogger, H. G. 1983 a. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Third edition. Reed Books Pty. Ltd., Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Cogger 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), with specific nesting records for Western Australia at Shark's Bay (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCEA1E88C24FBF0E" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[806,1042,2043,2081]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="95 - 96" refId="ref64945" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1930. Variations in the number of costal shields in Caretta. Am. Nat. 64 (690): 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1930">Babcock 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBE11E88C7E0BF7C" author="Brongersma, L. D." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref67006" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1961. Notes upon some sea turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 51: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1961">Brongersma 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFE2B115EC571BF7C" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[487,812,2093,2131]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: turtles caught in sea;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEE4112CC47FBFAA" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[296,546,2143,2181]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and Barrow Island (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC73112CC29CBFAA" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[959,1217,2143,2181]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Nesting also may occur at Exmouth Gulf (R. Johannes, personal communication to J.P. Ross). The largest concentration ofloggerheads in Australia occurs along the coast of Queensland, with extensive nesting on offshore islands and the mainland of south Queensland (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFB9C102AC7DABE80" author="Bustard, H. R." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="43 - 44" refId="ref67715" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1968 a. Protection for a rookery. Bundaberg sea turtles. Wildl. Aust. 5 (2): 43 - 44." type="journal article" year="1968">
|
||
|
|
Bustard 1968
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEB610F8C7A1BE80" author="Routa, R. A." box="[378,508,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref90634" refString="Routa, R. A. 1968. Sea turtle nest survey of Hutchinson Island, Florida. Q, J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 30: 287 - 294." type="journal article" year="1968">a, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDE710F8C4D5BE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[555,648,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref67776" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1969 a. Queensland protects sea turtles. Oryx 10: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1969">1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD6710F8C4A3BE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[683,766,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref67776" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1969 a. Queensland protects sea turtles. Oryx 10: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCE010F8C529BE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[812,884,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref67832" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1971. Marine turtles in Queensland, Australia. IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 23 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC5710F8C5BBBE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[923,998,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBC610F8C20ABE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1034,1111,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBB610F8C29BBE80" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1146,1222,2443,2479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEEA10CEC481BECC" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" box="[294,732,2493,2531]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="358 - 359" refId="ref68050" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1970. First international recapture of an Australian tagged loggerhead turtle. Herpetologica 26: 358 - 359." type="journal article" year="1970">Bustard and Limpus 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD3610CEC51CBECC" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[762,833,2493,2531]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref67832" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1971. Marine turtles in Queensland, Australia. IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 23 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFC9310CEC210BECC" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[863,1101,2493,2531]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBA710CEC2E1BECC" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1131,1212,2493,2531]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEE6109CC729BD3C" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[298,372,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="444 - 445" refId="ref82167" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1975. The Pacific ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz) and other sea turtles in northeastern Australia. Herpetologica 31: 444 - 445." type="journal article" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFE57109CC7BBBD3C" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[411,486,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82199" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1978. The reef: uncertain land of plenty. Pages 187 - 222 in HJ. Lavery (ed.), Exploration north, a natural history of Queensland. Richmond Hill Press, Richmond, Victoria, Australia." type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDC0109CC40ABD3C" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[524,599,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref82247" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1979. Notes on growth rates of wild turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 10: 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDB1109CC481BD3C" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[637,732,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
|
|
1982
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD02109CC511BD3C" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[718,844,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">a, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCA3109CC298BD3C" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[879,1221,2543,2579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEEA1352C7B7BD68" author="Cribb, R. B." box="[294,490,2593,2631]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref70275" refString="Cribb, R. B. 1978. Aspects of the nesting behaviour of sea turtles, Tryon Island. Queensl. Nat. 22: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">Cribb 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFDC71352C50BBD68" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" box="[523,854,2593,2631]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">Limpus et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFCB41352C29BBD68" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[888,1222,2593,2631]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFEEB1320C4E1BD55" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" box="[295,700,2643,2682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD101320C277BD55" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" box="[732,1066,2643,2682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). One incidence of nesting has been reported for Lizard Island in the midpart of the Great Barrier Reef (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFB9C13C4C720BC3F" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*). Sporadic nesting occurs as far south as Newcastle, New South Wales (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFD331268C5A0BC6D" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[767,1021,2843,2882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFE8312F3C009B41B" blockId="30.[293,1235,2944,3033]" lastBlockId="30.[1290,2238,329,820]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
Nonnesting loggerheads are reported to be plentiful in the waters off the Northern Territory (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFBCA12C1C05DB65F" author="Cogger, H. G. & D. A. Lindner" box="[1030,1536,329,3033]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="150 - 159" refId="ref69756" refString="Cogger, H. G., and D. A. Lindner. 1969. Marine turtles in northern Australia. Aust. Zool. 15: 150 - 159." type="journal article" year="1969">Cogger and Lindner 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and are occasionally sighted in south Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFA0F1808C0CAB68C" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[1475,1687,379,419]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref70247" refString="Cotton, B. C. 1943. Loggerhead turtle and paper nautilus reported. S. Aust. Nat. 22 (2): 14." type="journal volume" year="1943">Cotton 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9791808C1FBB68C" author="Houston, T. F." box="[1717,1958,379,419]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 46" refId="ref77924" refString="Houston, T. F. 1979. Sea turtles in South Australia. S. Aust. Nat. 53 (3): 42 - 46." type="journal article" year="1979">Houston 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and Tasmania (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAD618DDC086B6F9" author="Scott, E. O. G. & B. C. Mollison" box="[1306,1755,430,470]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="59 - 63" refId="ref92172" refString="Scott, E. O. G., and B. C. Mollison. 1956. The Indo-Pacific redbrown loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta gigas Deraniyagala, and the leathery turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Linne) in Tasmanian waters. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 90: 59 - 63." type="journal article" year="1956">Scott and Mollison 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF8CD18DDC187B6F9" author="Green, R. H." box="[1793,2010,430,470]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref76196" refString="Green, R. H. 1971. Sea turtles round Tasmania. Rec. Queen Victoria Mus. 38: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1971">Green 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Australian loggerheads are known to migrate to tropical portions of the Great Barrier Reef, New Guinea, the Gulf of Carpentaria, and the Trobriand Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF8291B36C3B2B5B1" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="358 - 359" refId="ref68050" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1970. First international recapture of an Australian tagged loggerhead turtle. Herpetologica 26: 358 - 359." type="journal article" year="1970">Bustard and Limpus 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9C21B04C15EB5B1" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1550,1795,631,670]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF8EE1B04C334B5FE" author="Limpus, C. J. & C. J. Parmenter" editor="A. K. Haines & G. C. Williams & D. Coates" firstAuthor="Limpus" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="95 - 107" refId="ref82570" refString="Limpus, C. J., and C. J. Parmenter. 1986. The sea turtle resources of the Torres Strait region. Pages 95 - 107 in A. K. Haines, G. C. Williams, and D. Coates (eds.), Proceedings of the Torres Strait Fisheries Seminar, Port Moresby, 11 - 14 February 1985." title="The sea turtle resources of the Torres Strait region." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the Torres Strait Fisheries Seminar, Port Moresby, 11 - 14 February 1985" year="1986">Limpus and Parmenter 1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Although the species is generally uncommon in New Guinea,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9DD1BAFC159B42B" author="Spring, C. S." box="[1553,1796,732,772]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref93414" refString="Spring, C. S. 1982. Status of marine turtle populations in Papua New Guinea. Pages 281 - 289 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Spring (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported nesting in the Trobriand Islands.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFAF91A06CEDDB077" blockId="30.[1290,2239,885,1880]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads are also occasional visitors to New Zealand waters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9E11ADBC179B4FE" author="McCann. C" box="[1581,1828,936,977]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF88C1ADBC1A1B4FE" author="Robb, J." box="[1856,2044,936,977]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref90341" refString="Robb, J. 1980. New Zealand amphibians and reptiles. Collins, Auckland, New Zealand." type="book" year="1980">Robb 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF7D41ADBC330B32B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ballance et al. 1985-1986) and other areas of the South Pacific.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9D31D63C10AB317" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1567,1879,1040,1080]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that the presence of small animals in New Zealand waters, and the reports of turtle tracks, indicated that the loggerhead might rarely nest on northern beaches in New Zealand. In other regions of the South Pacific, valid records of loggerheads are scarce although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF8E71C7EC1A1B21B" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1835,2044,1293,1332]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref77349" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1971. South Pacific Islands - marine turtle resources. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. 31: 53 - 56." type="journal article" year="1971">Hirth (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
considered the loggerhead the third most abundant sea turtle in the South Pacific. He mentioned records for both Fiji and Tonga. In the Solomon Islands,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF84D1CD1CEE4B2E6" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1921,2233,1442,1481]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that nesting was unknown, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF7A51CA0C32AB102" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided data on hatchlings from the Solomons (see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFA661F44C0EEB171" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1450,1715,1591,1630]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF91B1F44C1A9B171" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1751,2036,1591,1630]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref88618" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1979. Encyclopedia of turtles. T. F. H. Publ., Neptune, NJ." type="book" year="1979">Pritchard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned nesting in Fiji, and some nesting is known to occur in New Caledonia (Pritchard, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAC71FBDC3E8B1DA" author="Gill, W." box="[1291,1461,1742,1781]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref75478" refString="Gill, W. 1876. Life in the southern isles. Religious Tract Society, London." type="book" year="1876">Gill (1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFA081FBDC383B1DA" box="[1476,1502,1742,1781]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFA271FBDC0E9B1DA" author="Wiens, HJ" box="[1515,1716,1742,1781]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref96316" refString="Wiens, HJ. 1962. Atoll environment and ecology. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT." type="book" year="1962">Wiens 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) stated that loggerheads were plentiful during the breeding season at Rakahanga in the Cook Islands, but this needs to be confirmed.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFAF81EE5C05DBFAA" blockId="30.[1290,2234,1942,2181]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
In the central Pacific, records ofloggerheads are very scarce.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFA5E1EBAC023B0DF" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1426,1662,1993,2032]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="145 - 147" refId="ref65230" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1979. Loggerhead turtle recovered from a tiger shark at Kure Atoll. ' Elepaio, J. Hawaii Audubon Soc. 39: 145 - 147." type="journal article" year="1979">Balazs (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided data on three historic records of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFA041E88C06FBF0E" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1480,1586,2043,2081]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFA041E88C06FBF0E" box="[1480,1586,2043,2081]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Hawaiian waters. Nesting occurs only in Tokelau, although the turtle is considered rare (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAD4112CC3B2BFAA" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1304,1519,2143,2181]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref65264" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1983. Sea turtles and their traditional usage in Tokelau. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 279: 1 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1983">Balazs 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFADFAF811B0CE0FBC6C" blockId="30.[1288,2238,2243,2883]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
In the eastern Pacific, the loggerhead also appears to be uncommon. It has been reported from the States of Washington (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFA3A1054C09EBE61" author="Hodge, R. P." box="[1526,1731,2343,2382]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref77446" refString="Hodge, R. P. 1982. Geographic distribution: Caretta carettagigas. Herpetol. Rev. 13: 24." type="journal volume" year="1982">Hodge 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and California (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF83F1054CEF4BE61" author="Shaw, C. E." box="[2035,2217,2343,2382]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="55 - 56" refId="ref92533" refString="Shaw, C. E. 1947. First records of the red-brown loggerhead turtle from the eastern Pacific. Herpetologica 4: 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1947">Shaw 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAC6102BC3AABEAF" author="Stebbins, R. C." box="[1290,1527,2392,2432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref93613" refString="Stebbins, R. C. 1954. Amphibians and reptiles of western North America. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York." type="book" year="1954">Stebbins 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF9DE102BC08DBEAF" author="Guess, R. C." box="[1554,1744,2392,2432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref76327" refString="Guess, R. C. 1981. A Pacific loggerhead captured off California's northern Channel Islands. Herpetol. Rev. 12: 15." type="journal volume" year="1981">Guess 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF93E102BC161BEAF" author="Guess, R. C." box="[1778,1852,2392,2432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="122 - 123" refId="ref76353" refString="Guess, R. C. 1982. Occurrence of a Pacific loggerhead turtle, Caretta carettagigas Deraniyagala, in the waters off Santa Cruz Island, California. Calif. Fish Game 68: 122 - 123." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) in the United States.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAC410F8C0CFBE9D" author="Van Denburgh, J." box="[1288,1682,2443,2482]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref95425" refString="Van Denburgh, J. 1922. The reptiles of western North America. Occas. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sei. No. 10, 2 vols., 1,028 pp." type="journal volume" year="1922">Van Denburgh (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADF88210F8C1A5BE9D" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1835" box="[1870,2040,2443,2482]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADF88210F8C1A5BE9D" box="[1870,2040,2443,2482]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">C. olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Baja California, Mexico, although it seems he was referring to
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFAFB109CC3A3BD3A" box="[1335,1534,2543,2581]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFAFB109CC3A8BD3A" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1335,1525,2543,2581]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The first valid reference to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADF83A109CCED4BD3A" box="[2038,2185,2543,2581]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADF83A109CCED4BD3A" box="[2038,2185,2543,2581]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Baja California, and indeed the entire eastern Pacific, appears to be that of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF95E1320C131BD55" author="Shaw, C. E." box="[1682,1900,2643,2682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="123 - 124" refId="ref92505" refString="Shaw, C. E. 1946. An anomalous Pacific loggerhead turtle from the northwestern coast of Baja California. Herpetologica 3: 123 - 124." type="journal article" year="1946">Shaw (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
who misidentified
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFAC613F6C328BD82" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1290,1397,2693,2733]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFAC613F6C328BD82" box="[1290,1397,2693,2733]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADFA7413F6C02BBD82" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1464,1654,2693,2733]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADFA7413F6C02BBD82" box="[1464,1654,2693,2733]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF95813F6C1FDBD82" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1684,1952,2693,2733]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref68467" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 a. Sea turtles in Baja Californian waters (with special reference to those of the Gulf of California), and the description of a new subspecies of northeastern Pacific green turtle. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 61, 31 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell 1962a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF80C13F6CEFEBD82" author="Frazier, J." box="[1984,2211,2693,2733]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADFAC413CBC01DBDF1" author="Brattstrom, B. H." box="[1288,1600,2744,2782]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="219 - 229" refId="ref66891" refString="Brattstrom, B. H. 1955. Notes on the herpetology of the Revillagigedo Islands, Mexico. Am. Midi. Nat. 54: 219 - 229." type="journal article" year="1955">Brattstrom (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported hatchling
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADF86B13CBCE4CBDF1" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1959,2065,2744,2782]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADF86B13CBCE4CBDF1" box="[1959,2065,2744,2782]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from the Revillagigedo Islands, but
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF910139AC193BC3E" author="Frazier, J." box="[1756,1998,2793,2833]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
believed that these were misidentified
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADF9091268C11BBC6C" box="[1733,1862,2843,2883]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADF9091268C11BBC6C" box="[1733,1862,2843,2883]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">Chelonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
or
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF86FFADF8471268CE0FBC6C" box="[1931,2130,2843,2883]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF86FFADF8471268CE13BC6C" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1931,2126,2843,2883]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF86FFACFAFC12F3C4D2B46F" blockId="30.[1287,2230,2944,3034]" lastBlockId="31.[294,1235,335,832]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="24">
|
||
|
|
Additional loggerhead specimens from Baja and the Gulf of California were recorded by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF86FFADF85D12C1CEF5BCF5" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1937,2216,2994,3034]" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" refId="ref68467" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 a. Sea turtles in Baja Californian waters (with special reference to those of the Gulf of California), and the description of a new subspecies of northeastern Pacific green turtle. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 61, 31 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFEE6183CC720B657" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[298,381,335,376]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="568 - 569" refId="ref68607" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1963. Second record of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the Gulfof California. Copeia 1963: 568 - 569." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFE61183CC490B657" author="Marquez, R." box="[429,717,335,376]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref84220" refString="Marquez, R. 1969. Additional records of the Pacific loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the north Mexican Pacific coast. J. Herpetol. 3: 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1969">Marquez (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFC82183CC299B657" author="Cliffton, K. & D. C. Cornejo & R. S. Feiger" box="[846,1220,335,376]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref69632" refString="Cliffton, K., D. C. Cornejo, and R. S. Feiger. 1982. Sea turtles of the Pacific Coast of Mexico. Pages 199 - 209 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Clifton et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Elsewhere in Mexico,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFD7B18F2C28FB687" author="Hardy, L. M. & R. W. McDiarmid" box="[695,1234,385,424]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 252" refId="ref76489" refString="Hardy, L. M., and R. W. McDiarmid. 1969. The amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico. Univ. Kans. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. 18 (3): 39 - 252." type="journal article" year="1969">Hardy and McDiarmid (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACFE0A18C7C472B6F3" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[454,559,436,476]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACFE0A18C7C472B6F3" box="[454,559,436,476]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Mazatlan in Sinaloa, but
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFB9518C7C7CFB520" author="Frazier, J." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
pointed out that these were olive ridleys rather than loggerheads. Jack Woody (personal communication) reported large numbers of subadult loggerheads about 42 km off the Baja coast in deep water, but more information regarding these turtles is needed. The loggerhead is not known to occur in southern Mexico (Clifton et al. 1982).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFE831A1DC45CB10E" blockId="31.[292,1238,878,1569]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
The loggerhead is rare in Pacific Central America if it occurs there at all. Unconfirmed reports include observations in El Salvador and Nicaragua Q. Woody, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFD0A1D76C5B7B303" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[710,1002,1029,1068]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the possibility of nesting in Nicaragua and on the Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica, but these observations have never been verified (Cornelius, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFE5D1DBDC4EFB3DA" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[401,690,1230,1269]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that the loggerhead was the most abundant turtle on the nesting beaches in Panama, but A. Ruiz (personal communication to C. Limpus; see
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFD8B1C17C577B2A3" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[583,810,1380,1420]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) could not substantiate nesting in Panama. Cornelius (personal communication) now believes these records to be based on misidentified olive ridleys.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFE821F22C4D9BFE4" blockId="31.[290,1233,1617,2251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads have been reported for the northern coast of South America from Colombia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFBDE1FF0C42EB1F3" author="Green, D. & F. Ortiz-Crespo" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref76143" refString="Green, D., and F. Ortiz-Crespo. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations in the central eastern Pacific. Pages 221 - 233 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Green and Ortiz-Crespo 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). There are no other records for South America except for northern Chile (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFBC41F95C784B010" author="Frazier, J. & S. Salas" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="63 - 73" refId="ref74201" refString="Frazier, J., and S. Salas. 1982. Tortugas marinas en Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 39: 63 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazier and Salas 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and nesting is unknown.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFC6D1E6BC2D0B010" author="Frazier, J." box="[929,1165,1816,1855]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref74110" refString="Frazier, J. 1985. Misidentifications of sea turtles in the eastern Pacific: Caretta caretta and Lepidochelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has discussed the records of the loggerhead in the southeastern Pacific Ocean and noted that there has been much confusion in the identification of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACFBC21EDEC22AB0FE" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1038,1143,1965,2001]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACFBC21EDEC22AB0FE" box="[1038,1143,1965,2001]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACFEEE1EADC7B5BF2A" box="[290,488,2014,2053]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACFEEE1EADC782BF2A" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[290,479,2014,2053]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Many of the observations of loggerheads in this region probably refer to olive ridleys rather than to
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACFE9C1131C7E3BF46" box="[336,446,2114,2153]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACFE9C1131C7EBBF46" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[336,438,2114,2153]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads are very rare in South American waters, although better surveys may reveal more confirmed observations.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFE80118EC44BBC68" blockId="31.[289,1230,2301,2887]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
In the northeastern Atlantic, loggerheads have been reported in Newfoundland (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFCD7105CC5A0BE78" author="Squires, HJ" box="[795,1021,2351,2391]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref93460" refString="Squires, HJ. 1954. Records of marine turtles in the Newfoundland area. Copeia 1954: 68." type="journal volume" year="1954">Squires 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and Nova Scotia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFE531012C4CABEA6" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[415,663,2401,2441]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFCCD1012C252BEA6" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[769,1039,2401,2441]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="120 - 128" refId="ref66561" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1965. Reports of marine turtles from New England and eastern Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 120 - 128." type="journal article" year="1965">Bleakney (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned that the loggerhead is commonly reported by fisheries officers elsewhere in Canadian waters. In the United States, it occurs occasionally in Maine (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFC701084C45DBD7F" author="Scattergood, L. W. & C. Packard" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="46 - 50" refId="ref91270" refString="Scattergood, L. W., and C. Packard. 1960. Records of marine turtles in Maine. Maine Field Nat. 16: 46 - 50." type="journal article" year="1960">Scattergood and Packard 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFDD6135BC48BBD7F" author="Lazell, J. D., Jr." box="[538,726,2600,2640]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="290 - 295" refId="ref81388" refString="Lazell, J. D., Jr. 1980. New England waters: critical habitat for marine turtles. Copeia 1980: 290 - 295." type="journal article" year="1980">Lazell 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and commonly off Cape Cod and Martha's Vineyard (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFD2C1329C589BDAE" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[736,980,2650,2689]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="323 - 431" refId="ref64916" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1919. The turtles of New England. Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 323 - 431." type="journal article" year="1919">Babcock 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFC351329C219BDAE" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1017,1092,2650,2689]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref65020" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1938. Field guide to New England turtles. New England Mus. Nat. Hist. Field Guides, Vol. 2, 56 pp." type="journal volume" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFBA91329C733BD9C" author="Lazell, J. D., Jr." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref81353" refString="Lazell, J. D., Jr. 1976. This broken archipelago. Cape Cod and the islands, amphibians, and reptiles. Demeter Press, New York, 260 pp." type="book" year="1976">Lazell 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFE4413F8C412BD9C" author="Shoop, C. R." box="[392,591,2699,2739]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref92560" refString="Shoop, C. R. 1980. Sea turtles in the Northeast. Maritimes 24: 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="1980">Shoop 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In New York, loggerheads are found frequently in summer and may be cold-stunned with the onset of cold weather (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFD1C1383C596BC39" author="Murphy, R. C." box="[720,971,2800,2838]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="56 - 60" refId="ref86153" refString="Murphy, R. C. 1916. Long Island turtles. Copeia (33): 56 - 60." type="journal article" year="1916">Murphy 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFC3E1383C459BC68" author="Meylan, A. B. & S. Sadove" journalOrPublisher="New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="7 - 8" part="37" refId="ref85207" refString="Meylan, A. B., and S. Sadove. 1986. Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound, New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 37: 7 - 8." title="Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound" type="journal article" year="1986">Meylan and Sadove 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFE87120BC028B3E0" blockId="31.[291,1228,2936,3026]" lastBlockId="31.[1284,2231,334,1231]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
In the United States, loggerhead nesting was first reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFDCC12D9C559BCFD" author="Catesby, M." box="[512,772,2986,3026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref69387" refString="Catesby, M. 1731 - 43. The Natural history of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands. London, 2 vols." type="journal volume" year="1731">Catesby (1731</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
-43). Nesting occurs from New Jersey southward and throughout the southeastern United States into the Caribbean (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF84E18F2CEF8B688" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & D. R. Jackson & J. B. Iverson" box="[1922,2213,385,423]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref69183" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., D. R. Jackson, and J. B. Iverson. 1979. Marine turtles. Pages 1 - 45 (Part XIV) in A summary and analysis of environmental information on the continental shelf and Blake Plateau from Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral. Center for Natural Areas, S. Gardiner, ME." type="book" year="1979">Carr et al. 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC418C0C01FB6F5" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel & N. B. Thompson" box="[1288,1602,435,474]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="252 - 259" refId="ref92644" refString="Shoop, C. R., C. Ruckdeschel, and N. B. Thompson. 1985. Sea turtles in the southeast United States: nesting activity as derived from aerial and ground surveys, 1982. Herpetologica 41: 252 - 259." type="journal article" year="1985">Shoop et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Tables 4 and 5;
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FF87FFACF85518C0CE5BB6F5" box="[1945,2054,435,474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[265,322,2924,2964]" captionTargetBox="[307,2192,1348,2882]" captionText="Fig. 6. Nesting locations of the loggerhead in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Heavy stippling represents major areas of nesting; light stippling represents areas of lesser but still important nesting concentrations; arrows represent areas with sporadic but consistent nesting, or areas where loggerheads have nested only rarely." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224186/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
). A large subadult population feeds in the rich waters of Chesapeake Bay (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9F11B6BC176B56E" author="Musick, J. A." box="[1597,1835,536,577]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref86210" refString="Musick, J. A. 1979 a. The marine turtles of Virginia, with notes on identification and natural history. Va. Inst. Mar. Sei. Ed. Serv. No. 24, 17 pp." type="book" year="1979">Musick 1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8861B6BC1F5B56E" author="Musick, J. A." box="[1866,1960,536,577]" editor="D. W. Linzey" firstAuthor="b" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="398 - 400" refId="ref86252" refString="Musick, J. A. 1979 b. Loggerhead. Caretta caretta (Linnaeus). Pages 398 - 400 in D. W. Linzey (ed.), Endangered and threatened plants and animals of Virginia. V. P. I. & S. U., Blacksburg, VA." title="Loggerhead. Caretta caretta (Linnaeus)." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Endangered and threatened plants and animals of Virginia. V. P. I. & S. U., Blacksburg, VA." year="1979">1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF80B1B6BCE4CB56E" author="Musick, J. A." box="[1991,2065,536,577]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="7 - 9" refId="ref86309" refString="Musick, J. A. 1983. Tagging the loggerhead sea turtle. Va. Wildl. 44 (6): 7 - 9." type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF7E31B6BC3C9B55C" author="Lutcavage, M. E." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFA7E1B39C1D7B55C" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1458,1930,586,627]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and loggerheads are known to overwinter in the Canaveral Ship Channel off the coast of Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF93B1BC2CEFEB5F6" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[1783,2211,689,729]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFACB1B90C04BB425" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & L. Ogren & C. McVea" box="[1287,1558,739,778]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref69341" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., L. Ogren, and C. McVea. 1981. Apparent hibernation by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta off Cape Canaveral, Florida. Biol. Conserv. 19: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">Carr et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9FB1B90C153B425" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1591,1806,739,778]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="60 - 64" refId="ref90818" refString="Rudloe, J. 1981. From the jaws of death. Sports Illust. 54 (13): 60 - 64, 66 - 68, 70." type="journal article" year="1981">Rudloe 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8FC1B90CE68B425" author="Moulding, J. D." box="[1840,2101,739,778]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref85941" refString="Moulding, J. D. 1981. Sea turtles vs. dredging: a conflict with the Endangered Species Act. Fla. Sei. 44: 35 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1981">Moulding 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF79C1B90C301B411" author="Joyce, J. C." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="282 - 285" refId="ref79729" refString="Joyce, J. C. 1982. Protecting sea turtles while dredging. Military Engineer No. 481 (July / August): 282 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1982">Joyce 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For surveys conducted in 1982,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8141A65C32CB45E" author="Butler, R. W. & W. A. Nelson & T. A. Henwood" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="447 - 453" refId="ref68217" refString="Butler, R. W., W. A. Nelson, and T. A. Henwood. 1987. A trawl survey method for estimating loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, abundance in five eastern Florida channels and inlets. Fish. Bull. 85: 447 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Butler et al. (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated 410-992 loggerheads were found in February in the Canaveral Ship Channel, but only 12-64 turtles used the channel in August; only 18 loggerheads were found in trawl surveys at other Florida and south Georgia inlets. A subadult population occurs in the Indian River lagoon system of east-central Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAD81D06C394B3B1" author="Brice, J. J." box="[1300,1481,1141,1182]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="263 - 342" refId="ref66970" refString="Brice, J. J. 1896. The fish and fisheries of the coastal waters of Florida. Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish. 22: 263 - 342." type="journal article" year="1896">Brice 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFA2B1D06C0A5B3B1" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1511,1784,1141,1182]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8D61D06C30EB3E0" author="Mendonca, M. T. & L. M. Ehrhart" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="161 - 167" part="1982" refId="ref84993" refString="Mendonca, M. T., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1982. Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. Copeia 1982: 161 - 167." title="Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida" type="journal article" year="1982">Mendonca and Ehrhart 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAB91DDAC03EB3E0" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1397,1635,1193,1231]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFAE31C78C3DAB0A6" blockId="31.[1283,2227,1291,1929]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
Other nonnesting records exist for Delaware (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF7FB1C78C304B249" author="Spence, L. W." pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="10 - 11" refId="ref93324" refString="Spence, L. W. 1981. Delaware's endangered sea turtles. Del. Fish. Bull. 2 (2): 10 - 11." type="journal article" year="1981">Spence 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Maryland (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9F21C4DC147B249" author="Cooper, J. E." box="[1598,1818,1342,1382]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref70039" refString="Cooper, J. E. 1947. Records of the loggerhead turtle in Maryland waters. Nat. Hist. Soc. Md. Jr. Soc. News 3 (14): 2." type="journal volume" year="1947">Cooper 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Virginia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8281C4DCEF2B249" author="Brady, M. K." box="[2020,2223,1342,1382]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="110 - 111" refId="ref66836" refString="Brady, M. K. 1925. Notes on the herpetology of Hog Island. Copeia 1925: 110 - 111." type="journal article" year="1925">Brady 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC91C02C3E5B2B7" author="Reed, OF" box="[1285,1464,1393,1432]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="21 - 23" refId="ref89480" refString="Reed, OF. 1957. Contributions to the herpetofauna of Virginia, 2: the reptiles and amphibians of northern Neck. J. Wash. Acad. Sei. 47: 21 - 23." type="journal article" year="1957">Reed 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFA1A1C02C0FAB2B7" author="Tobey, F. J." box="[1494,1703,1393,1432]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref94832" refString="Tobey, F. J. 1985. Virginia's amphibians and reptiles. A distributional survey. Va. Herpetol. Surv., 114 pp." type="book" year="1985">Tobey 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), North Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF83C1C02CEF3B2B7" author="True, F. B." box="[2032,2222,1393,1432]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="495 - 499" refId="ref94942" refString="True, F. B. 1887. The turtle and terrapin fisheries. Part XIX of Sec. V, Vol. 2. Pages 495 - 499 in The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish., Govt. Print. Off., Washington, DC." type="journal article" year="1887">True 1887</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC91CD0C055B2E5" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[1285,1544,1443,1482]" editor="J. E. Cooper & S. S. Robinson & J. B. Funderburg" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="303" refId="ref91953" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1977. Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus). Atlantic loggerhead. Page 303 in J. E. Cooper, S. S. Robinson, and J. B. Funderburg (eds.), Endangered and threatened plants and animals ofNorth Carolina. N. C. State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC." title="Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus). Atlantic loggerhead." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Endangered and threatened plants and animals ofNorth Carolina. N. C. State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC." year="1977">Schwartz 1977</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9FC1CD0C19EB2E5" author="Lee, D. S. & W. M. Palmer" box="[1584,1987,1443,1482]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref81632" refString="Lee, D. S., and W. M. Palmer. 1981. Records of leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea (Linnaeus), and other marine turtles in North Carolina waters. Brimleyana 5: 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1981">Lee and Palmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Mississippi (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFADE1CA6C3A8B2D2" author="Gunter, G." box="[1298,1525,1493,1533]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref76392" refString="Gunter, G. 1981. Status of turtles on the Mississippi coast. Gulf Res. Rep. 7: 89 - 92." type="journal article" year="1981">Gunter 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Texas (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF93A1CA6C194B2D2" author="Brown, B." box="[1782,1993,1493,1533]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref67287" refString="Brown, B. 1950. An annotated check list of the reptiles and amphibians ofTexas. Baylor University Press, Waco, TX, 259 pp." type="book" year="1950">Brown 1950</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8261CA6CEFFB2D2" author="Neck, R. W." box="[2026,2210,1493,1533]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="422 - 427" refId="ref86518" refString="Neck, R. W. 1978. Occurrence of marine turtles in the lower Rio Grande of south Texas (Reptilia, Testudines). J. Herpetol. 12: 422 - 427." type="journal article" year="1978">Neck 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC81F7BC0B3B101" author="Rabalais, S. C. & N. N. Rabalais" box="[1284,1774,1544,1582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="123 - 129" refId="ref89130" refString="Rabalais, S. C., and N. N. Rabalais. 1980. The occurrence of sea turtles on the south Texas coast. Contrib. Mar. Sei. 23: 123 - 129." type="journal article" year="1980">Rabalais and Rabalais 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8C11F7BCE6EB101" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[1805,2099,1544,1582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand 1982</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF7991F7BCEFCB101" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[2133,2209,1544,1582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="84 - 105" refId="ref77060" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1983. Random notes on sea turtles in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 34 - 40 in D. W. Owens, D. Crowell, G. Dienderg, M. Grassman, S. McCain, Y. Morris, N. Schwantes, and T. Wibbels (eds.), Western Gulf of Mexico sea turtle workshop proceedings. Off. Sea Grant, Tex. A & M Univ., Publ. TAMU-SG- 84 - 105." type="book chapter" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC81F49C177B14F" author="Reeves, R. R. & S. Leatherwood" box="[1284,1834,1594,1632]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="281 - 288" refId="ref89556" refString="Reeves, R. R., and S. Leatherwood. 1983. Autumn sightings of marine turtles (Cheloniidae) off south Texas. Southwest. Nat. 28: 281 - 288." type="journal article" year="1983">Reeves and Leatherwood 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF89E1F49C332B1BC" author="Fritts, T. H. & R. P. Reynolds" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref74653" refString="Fritts, T. H., and R. P. Reynolds. 1981. Pilot study of the marine mammals, birds and turtles in OCS areas of the Gulf of Mexico. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv., FWS / OBS 81 / 36, 139 pp." type="journal volume" year="1981">Fritts and Reynolds (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFA5E1F1FC170B1BC" author="Lee, D. S. & W. M. Palmer" box="[1426,1837,1644,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref81632" refString="Lee, D. S., and W. M. Palmer. 1981. Records of leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea (Linnaeus), and other marine turtles in North Carolina waters. Brimleyana 5: 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1981">Lee and Palmer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8831F1FCEFCB1BC" author="Irvine, A. B. & J. E. Caffin & H. I. Kochman" box="[1871,2209,1644,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" refId="ref79100" refString="Irvine, A. B., J. E. Caffin, and H. I. Kochman. 1981. Aerial surveys for manatees and dolphins in western peninsular Florida: with notes on sightings of sea turtles and crocodiles. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv., FWS / OBS 80 / 50." type="journal volume" year="1981">Irvine et al. (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC91FEEC08DB1EB" author="Hoffman, W. & T. H. Fritts" box="[1285,1744,1693,1732]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="405 - 409" refId="ref77468" refString="Hoffman, W., and T. H. Fritts. 1982. Sea turtle distribution along the boundary of the Gulf Stream current off eastern Florida. Herpetologica 38: 405 - 409." type="journal article" year="1982">Hoffman and Fritts (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9211FEECE65B1EB" author="Fritts, T. H. & W. Hoffman & M. A. McGehee" box="[1773,2104,1693,1732]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref74530" refString="Fritts, T. H., W. Hoffman, and M. A. McGehee. 1983 a. The distribution and abundance of marine turtles in the Gulf of Mexico and nearby Atlantic waters. J. Herpetol. 17: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1983">Fritts et al. (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF7991FEEC388B1DA" author="Fritts, T. H. & W. Hoffman & M. A. McGehee" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref74530" refString="Fritts, T. H., W. Hoffman, and M. A. McGehee. 1983 a. The distribution and abundance of marine turtles in the Gulf of Mexico and nearby Atlantic waters. J. Herpetol. 17: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1983">Fritts et al. (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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*), and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9A81FBDCEF2B1DA" author="Schroeder, B. A. & N. B. Thompson" box="[1636,2223,1742,1781]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="45 - 53" refId="ref91572" refString="Schroeder, B. A., and N. B. Thompson. 1987. Distribution of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, and the leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, in the Cape Canaveral, Florida, area: results of aerial surveys. Pages 45 - 53 in W. N. Witzell (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book chapter" year="1987">Schroeder and Thompson (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted the distribution ofloggerheads off the coast of the southeastern United States from the shore into the Gulf Stream.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFF87FFACFAE01EB4C025BCFD" blockId="31.[1275,2222,1991,3026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAE01EB4C068B0C1" author="Maigret" box="[1324,1589,1991,2030]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref83836" refString="Maigret. J. 1983. Repartition des tortues de mer sur les cotes ouest Africaines. Bull. Soc. Herpetol. Fr. 28: 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1983">Maigret (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that a lobster trawler encountered thousands of sea turtles swimming in the Atlantic at 33° N, 74 °W in water 21° C. This location would be roughly 800 km east of Cape Hatteras, NC. He identified these 30 cm SLCL turtles as
|
||
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACF83D11FEC339BFC7" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
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|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACF83D11FEC306BFC7" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempi">Lepidochelys kempi</taxonomicName>
|
||
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,
|
||
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</emphasis>
|
||
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but Peter Pritchard (personal communication) later examined photographs supplied by Maigret and confirmed that they were
|
||
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACF9011057C136BE64" box="[1741,1899,2340,2379]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACF9011057C13CBE64" box="[1741,1889,2340,2379]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
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.
|
||
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</emphasis>
|
||
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The location also was misprinted. It should have read 33° N, 14°W, which places the location in waters west of Gibraltar rather than in the western Atlantic. Elsewhere in the central Atlantic, loggerheads are reported from Bermuda (
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACFAC6136DC3A6BD69" author="Garman, S." box="[1290,1531,2590,2630]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 353" refId="ref75258" refString="Garman, S. 1884. Contributions to the natural history of the Bermudas. Reptiles. U. S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 25: 1 - 353." type="journal article" year="1884">Garman 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF9DB136DC157BD69" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1559,1802,2590,2630]" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="595 - 601" refId="ref64976" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1937. The sea turtles of the Bermuda Islands, with a survey of the present state of the turtle fishing industry. Proc. Zool. Soc, Ser. A 107: 595 - 601." type="journal article" year="1937">Babcock 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFF87FFACF8E1136DC1A6BD69" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1837,2043,2590,2630]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) recorded loggerhead hatchlings and juveniles associated with pelagic
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFF87FFACFA4B13F1C078BD87" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1820" box="[1415,1573,2690,2728]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="31" pageNumber="25" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFF87FFACFA4B13F1C078BD87" box="[1415,1573,2690,2728]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="25">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
lines off the coasts of the Bahamas, Bermuda, 500 km east of Nantucket, and Florida and Georgia in the Atlantic; and Florida, Texas, and Mexico in the Gulf of Mexico. Hatchling loggerheads probably remain in these currents several years through the juvenile life stage until they leave for developmental habitats as subadults.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FE871835C570B21B" blockId="32.[285,1231,326,1332]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
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|
Loggerheads occur throughout the western Atlantic region. Summaries of their distribution, both nesting and nonnesting, are provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FCA118D8C21EB6FD" author="Bacon, P. R." box="[877,1091,427,466]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref65053" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1975. Review on research, exploitation and management of the stocks of sea turtles. FAO Fish. Circ. No. 334, 19 pp." type="book" year="1975">Bacon (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FBAA18D8C2E5B6FD" author="Bacon, P. R." box="[1126,1208,427,466]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref65087" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1981. The status of sea turtle stocks management in the western central Atlantic. WECAF Studies No. 7, 37 pp." type="book" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEEC18AEC40EB52B" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[288,595,477,516]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FDBD18AEC5E3B52B" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[625,958,477,516]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FBE018AEC42DB518" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. In the Greater Antilles, the loggerhead is common in Cuba on the islands off the southern coast (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FE5A1B07C420B5B4" author="Abascal, J." box="[406,637,628,667]" journalOrPublisher="Mar y Pesca (Sept.)" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref64095" refString="Abascal, J. 1971. fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas? Mar y Pesca (Sept.): 20 - 27." title="fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas?" type="book chapter" year="1971">Abascal 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FD681B07C2E1B5B4" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[676,1212,628,667]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rua 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEEC1BD5C4B7B5E2" author="Gavilan, F. M. & G. N. Andreu" box="[288,746,678,717]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref75314" refString="Gavilan, F. M., and G. N. Andreu. 1983. Informe nacional sobre la actividad desarrollada por Cuba en el estudio y conservation de las tortugas marinas. Centro Invest. Pesq., Dept. Cria Exper., M. I. P." type="book" year="1983">Gavilan and Andreu 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) but uncommon elsewhere (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEE11BAAC46BB42F" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[301,566,729,768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). About 60 nests per year are oviposited along the northeastern and southwestern coasts of the Dominican Republic (J. Ottenwalder, personal communication). In the Lesser Antilles,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FC091A01C454B4E1" author="Reinhardt, J. & OF. Lutken" journalOrPublisher="Medd. Natur. Foren. Koben. Aaret" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="284 - 290" part="1862" refId="ref89623" refString="Reinhardt, J., and OF. Lutken. 1862. Bidrag til det vest indiske Origes og naunligen til de dansk-vestindiske Oers Herpetologie. Viden. Medd. Natur. Foren. Koben. Aaret 1862: 284 - 290." title="Bidrag til det vest indiske Origes og naunligen til de dansk-vestindiske Oers Herpetologie. Viden" type="journal article" year="1862">Reinhardt and Lutken (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted its absence from the Virgin Islands. Elsewhere in the Lesser Antilles, it is uncommon (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEE01D7DC44CB318" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[300,529,1038,1079]" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Res. Bull." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 43" part="278" refId="ref85129" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1983. Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 278: 1 - 43." title="Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles" type="book chapter" year="1983">Meylan 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Meylan (personal communication) was told of low-level nesting but never saw any conclusive evidence of such. Nesting formerly occurred in Jamaica, Grenada, and in the San Andres Islands, and rare nestings may still occur on these islands although there are no recent reliable records.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FE891C02C54FBE63" blockId="32.[277,1224,1393,2380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
From Mexico through Central America, the loggerhead varies from uncommon (one subadult reported from Tortuguero, Costa Rica, K. Bjorndal, personal communication) with sporadic nesting, to common with areas of concentrated nesting (Tables 4 and 5;
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FFB8FF93FB851F45C2ECB14F" box="[1097,1201,1590,1632]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[265,322,2924,2964]" captionTargetBox="[307,2192,1348,2882]" captionText="Fig. 6. Nesting locations of the loggerhead in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Heavy stippling represents major areas of nesting; light stippling represents areas of lesser but still important nesting concentrations; arrows represent areas with sporadic but consistent nesting, or areas where loggerheads have nested only rarely." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224186/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
). One nesting concentration appears centered around the northern and eastern portion of the Yucatan Peninsula (J. Woody and R. Marquez, personal communication) where loggerhead nests outnumber green turtle nests. Meylan (personal communication) has been unable to confirm reports of occasional nesting at Bocas del Toro, Panama. It nests in South America in Colombia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FBAE1EE6C783B0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FDC91EBBC40DB0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[517,592,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref80064" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1967. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft Gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 1: 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FDB51EBBC498B0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[633,709,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FD201EBBC50CB0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[748,849,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="87 - 94" refId="ref80121" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1971 a. Die Lederschildkrote Dermochelys coriacea L. in Kolumbien. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 5: 87 - 94." type="journal article" year="1971">1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FCBD1EBBC598B0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[881,965,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="87 - 94" refId="ref80121" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1971 a. Die Lederschildkrote Dermochelys coriacea L. in Kolumbien. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 5: 87 - 94." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FC3B1EBBC217B0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1015,1098,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="105 - 112" refId="ref80190" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1972. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. II. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 6: 105 - 112." type="journal article" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FBA61EBBC2E0B0C1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1130,1213,1992,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FED71E8AC724BF0F" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[283,377,2041,2080]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref80262" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1975 a. Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad. Caldasia 11 (53): 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1975">
|
||
|
|
1975
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEA01E8AC7AFBF0F" author="Bass, A. H. & R. G. Northcutt" box="[364,498,2041,2080]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref65609" refString="Bass, A. H., and R. G. Northcutt. 1975. Retinal projections in the Atlantic loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta): an autoradiographic study. Anat. Rec. 181: 308 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1975">a, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), although the population has declined markedly since 1975, and occurs into Venezuelan waters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEE8112EC78DBFAB" author="Roze, J. A." box="[292,464,2141,2180]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref90668" refString="Roze, J. A. 1955. Las tortugas maritimas de Venezuela. Rev. Pecuaria No. 240, 3 pp." type="book" year="1955">Roze 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FE27112EC562BFAB" author="Donoso-Barros, R." box="[491,831,2141,2180]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="26 - 31" refId="ref72142" refString="Donoso-Barros, R. 1964. Anotaciones sobre las tortugas marinas de Venezuela. Lagena 3: 26 - 31." type="journal article" year="1964">Donoso-Barros 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FC95112EC24BBFAB" author="Flores, C." box="[857,1046,2141,2180]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref72949" refString="Flores, C. 1969. Notas sobre reptiles acuaticos de Venezuela y su importancia economica. Lagena 21 - 22: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1969">Flores 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FBE3112EC73BBF98" author="Brownell, B." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="35 - 39" refId="ref67437" refString="Brownell, B. 1974. Las tortugas marinas de Venezuela. Natura, Caracas No. 53: 35 - 39." type="book chapter" year="1974">Brownell 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FE4E11FCC524BF98" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[386,889,2191,2231]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Only 24-32 nests per year now occur in Colombia. Loggerheads are reported in the waters off Los Roques, but nesting does not occur there (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FD8E1056C55CBE63" author="Roze, J. A." box="[578,769,2341,2380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref90692" refString="Roze, J. A. 1956. La herpetofauna de las islas Los Roques y La Orchila. Pages 79 - 86 in El Archipelago de Los Roques y La Orchila, Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, Caracas." type="book" year="1956">Roze 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FEF210F4C1D2B342" blockId="32.[273,1223,2439,3032]" lastBlockId="32.[1278,2224,329,1133]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEF210F4C4CABE9F" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[318,663,2439,2480]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="114 - 127" refId="ref67122" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 c. Notes upon some sea-turtles from Surinam. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 114 - 127." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma (1968c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported museum specimens of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FEDB10CBC7DDBECD" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[279,384,2488,2530]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93FEDB10CBC7DDBECD" box="[279,384,2488,2530]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Surinam, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FD2310CBC587BECD" author="Schulz, J." box="[751,986,2488,2530]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref91688" refString="Schulz, J. 1975. Sea turtles nesting in Surinam. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 143." type="book" year="1975">Schulz (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned a single loggerhead nesting in May 1969. The loggerhead is an accidental visitor to Surinam and French Guiana (Fretey 1981,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FDCC133CC40FBD56" author="Fretey, J." box="[512,594,2639,2681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref74396" refString="Fretey, J. 1987. Les tortues de Guyane Francaise. Nature Guyanaise. 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The loggerhead had been seen only once in French Guiana, at least through the late 1960's (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEEC13C7C475BDF1" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[288,552,2740,2782]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="85 - 140" refId="ref88547" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1969. Sea turtles of the Guianas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 13: 85 - 140." type="journal article" year="1969">Pritchard 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FD9E13C7C4FBBDF1" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[594,678,2740,2782]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="38 - 40" refId="ref88580" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1971. Sea turtles in French Guiana. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 38 - 40." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FC4D13C7C22DBDF1" author="Fretey, J." box="[897,1136,2740,2782]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref74396" refString="Fretey, J. 1987. Les tortues de Guyane Francaise. Nature Guyanaise. 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Fretey (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has recorded a few more observations since then. Loggerheads occur in Brazilian waters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FCBD126BC2EDBC6E" author="Luederwaldt, H." box="[881,1200,2840,2881]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="405 - 468" refId="ref83286" refString="Luederwaldt, H. 1926. Os chelonios brasileiros. Rev. Mus. Paulista 14: 405 - 468." type="journal article" year="1926">Luederwaldt 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FEDE1239C4AABC5C" author="Ferreira de Menezes, M." box="[274,759,2890,2931]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref72658" refString="Ferreira de Menezes, M. 1972. As tartarugas do Brazil. Arq. Cienc. Mar. Fortaleza 12 (l): 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1972">Ferreira de Menezes 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), including an unknown amount of nesting (Tables 4 and 5). Nesting was first reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FE2812DCC57BBCF7" author="Maximilian & Wied-Neuwied" bookContentInfo="H. Bronner, Frankfurt a. M .. 2 vols." box="[484,806,2991,3032]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref84509" refString="Maximilian, [Prinz zu] Wied-Neuwied 1820. Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815 bis 1817. H. Bronner, Frankfurt a. M .. 2 vols." title="Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815 bis 1817" type="book" year="1820">Maximilian (1820)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
as green turtle nesting, but subsequently shown to be loggerheads.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F811183AC333B68D" author="Luederwaldt, H." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="405 - 468" refId="ref83286" refString="Luederwaldt, H. 1926. Os chelonios brasileiros. Rev. Mus. Paulista 14: 405 - 468." type="journal article" year="1926">Luederwaldt (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned specimens from Empalhado and the State of Sao Paulo.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F94118DEC187B6FA" author="Marcovaldi, M. A." box="[1677,2010,429,469]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref84001" refString="Marcovaldi, M. A. 1987. Marine turtle protection in Brazil. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 40: 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Marcovaldi (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that 114
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FA8218ACC3EEB528" baseAuthorityName="Deraniyagala" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1358,1459,479,519]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93FA8218ACC3EEB528" box="[1358,1459,479,519]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
have been tagged and 62,354 hatchlings have been released between 1982 and 1986 as part of a conservation project in Brazil. After
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F8851B37C1B8B542" box="[1865,2021,580,621]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93F8851B37C187B542" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1865,2010,580,621]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">C. mydas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the loggerhead was the most abundant turtle encountered; about 400 loggerheads nest per year in Brazil (Marcovaldi, personal communication). Loggerheads have been recorded as far south as Rio Grande in Brazil (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F7FF1A7DC334B444" author="Frazier, J." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Uruguay (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F98F1A31C11FB444" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1603,1858,834,875]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F8951A31CE11B444" author="Frazier, J." box="[1881,2124,834,875]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Argentina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FA1D1A06C097B4B0" author="Frazier, J." box="[1489,1738,885,927]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F9391A06CE5BB4B0" author="Murphy, R. C." box="[1781,2054,885,927]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref86131" refString="Murphy, R. C. 1914. Thallassochelys caretta in the South Atlantic. Copeia (2): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Murphy (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported "numbers" of adult loggerheads between 670 km and 830 km east off the coast ofUruguay in November 1912, but there was no indication where these turtles originated or where they were going.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FAEB1DD8C1F4B2B5" blockId="32.[1277,2219,1195,1434]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
Although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FA191DD8C130B3FB" author="Smith, H. M. & R. B. Smith" box="[1493,1901,1195,1236]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref92824" refString="Smith, H. M., and R. B. Smith. 1980. Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. Vol. 6. Guide to Mexican turtles bibliographic addendum III. John Johnson, North Bennington, VT, 1,044 pp." type="book" year="1980">Smith and Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
restricted the type localities of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FA111DADC1F0B229" authority="Lacepede" authorityName="Lacepede" box="[1501,1965,1246,1286]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasicornis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93FA111DADC0A5B229" box="[1501,1784,1246,1286]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Testudo nasicornis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Lacepede
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F7DB1DADC337B215" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93F7DB1DADCEF6B229" authority="Lacepede and Caounana" authorityName="Lacepede and Caounana" box="[2071,2219,1246,1286]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasicornis">Caounana</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FACC1C63C38DB215" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[1280,1488,1296,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta Gray</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(synonyms of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F9181C63C12CB215" box="[1748,1905,1296,1338]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93F9181C63C13BB215" box="[1748,1894,1296,1338]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">C. caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
see section 1.1.2) to Ascension Island in the south Atlantic, there are no records of this species from Ascension.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FA941F77C110B105" blockId="32.[1368,1869,1540,1629]" box="[1368,1869,1540,1578]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFB8FF93FA941F77C110B105" box="[1368,1869,1540,1578]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">2.2 Differential Distribution</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FA681F45C090B172" blockId="32.[1368,1869,1540,1629]" box="[1444,1741,1590,1629]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFB8FF93FA681F45C090B172" box="[1444,1741,1590,1629]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">2.2.1 Hatchlings</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF93FAD21FEACE7FBD87" blockId="32.[1264,2213,1689,2728]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
After leaving the nesting beach, loggerhead hatchlings swim perpendicular to the shore until they reach drift lines created by upwellings, downwellings, currents, and other types of convergences of different bodies of water (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FACF1E11C3E0B0A5" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1283,1469,1890,1930]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||
|
|
Carr 1986
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FA631E11C074B0A5" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1455,1577,1890,1930]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">a, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F99F1E11C0FEB0A5" author="Butler, R. W. & W. A. Nelson & T. A. Henwood" box="[1619,1699,1890,1930]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="447 - 453" refId="ref68217" refString="Butler, R. W., W. A. Nelson, and T. A. Henwood. 1987. A trawl survey method for estimating loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, abundance in five eastern Florida channels and inlets. Fish. Bull. 85: 447 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These convergences produce concentrations of resources that are rich in potential prey items for young turtles, particularly insects (A. Carr, personal communication). Accumulated material, such as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FAE71159C396BF7E" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1820" box="[1323,1483,2090,2129]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93FAE71159C396BF7E" box="[1323,1483,2090,2129]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and debris from land sources, provide refuges both for turtles and prey. Hatchling loggerheads have been reported in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93F94711FDC177BF9A" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1820" box="[1675,1834,2190,2229]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F94711FDC177BF9A" box="[1675,1834,2190,2229]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
associated with such convergences in the western Atlantic (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F80811B3CECFBFC7" author="Smith, W. G." box="[1988,2194,2240,2280]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="880 - 881" refId="ref93051" refString="Smith, W. G. 1968. A neonate Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta, captured at sea. Copeia 1968: 880 - 881." type="journal article" year="1968">Smith 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FB3F1181C3B7BE35" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1267,1514,2290,2330]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="271 - 272" refId="ref68639" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1968. Baby loggerhead turtles associated with sargassum weed. Q _. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 31: 271 - 272." type="journal article" year="1968">Caldwell 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F9C51181C0E7BE35" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp" box="[1545,1722,2290,2330]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref69029" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1984. So excellent a fishe. Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp." title="So excellent a fishe." type="book" year="1984">Carr 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and in mats of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93F82A1181CE3BBE35" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[2022,2150,2290,2330]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Physaliidae" genus="Physalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F82A1181CE3BBE35" box="[2022,2150,2290,2330]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">Physalia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
off South Africa (Hughes
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F9B81057C0D2BE64" box="[1652,1679,2340,2379]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F9501057C1AEBE64" author="Heydorn, A. E. F. & N. D. Bang & A. F. Pearce & B. W. Flemming & R. A. Carter & M. H. Schleyer & P. F. Berry & G. R. Hughes & A. J. Bass & J. H. Wallace & R. P. van der Eist & R. J. M. Crawford & P. A. Shelton" box="[1692,2035,2340,2379]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="151 - 190" refId="ref76879" refString="Heydorn, A. E. F., N. D. Bang, A. F. Pearce, B. W. Flemming, R. A. Carter, M. H. Schleyer, P. F. Berry, G. R. Hughes, A. J. Bass, J. H. Wallace, R. P. van der Eist, R. J. M. Crawford, and P. A. Shelton. 1978. Ecology of the Agulthas Current Region: an assessment of biological responses to environmental parameters in the south-west Indian Ocean. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 43 (2): 151 - 190." type="journal article" year="1978">Heydorn et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F7D81057C303BE53" author="Witham, R." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" refId="ref96564" refString="Witham, R. 1974. Neonate sea turtles from the stomach of a pelagic fish. Copeia 1974: 548." type="journal volume" year="1974">Witham (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported loggerhead hatchlings in the stomachs of predatory fish feeding along drift lines.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F82E10F4C303BECF" author="Fletemeyer, J." pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="148 - 149" refId="ref72870" refString="Fletemeyer, J. 1978. Underwater tracking evidence of neonate loggerhead sea turtles seeking shelter in drifting sargassum. Copeia 1978: 148 - 149." type="journal article" year="1978">Fletemeyer (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
followed hatchlings off a south Florida nesting beach for several hours. Except for one individual, the hatchlings invariably swam to and remained in patches of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93FAD1133CC39BBD58" box="[1309,1478,2639,2679]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB8FF93FAD1133CC3E1BD58" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1820" box="[1309,1468,2639,2679]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">Sargassum</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FA15133CC0F5BD58" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1497,1704,2639,2679]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) summarized occurrences of loggerheads associated with pelagic drift lines.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB8FF92FAD61395C7C5B424" blockId="32.[1259,2206,2790,3031]" lastBlockId="33.[295,1236,338,779]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93FAD61395C3B6BC21" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1306,1515,2790,2830]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F9C01395C033BC21" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1548,1646,2790,2830]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) speculated that hatchlings and juveniles may ride currents and gyres in a great circular path from North America through Europe and the Azores back to subadult developmental habitats in the western Atlantic. Hughes
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB8FF93F91912DDC0A2BCF8" box="[1749,1791,2990,3031]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="26">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB8FF93F8DB12DDCED3BCF8" author="Heydorn, A. E. F. & N. D. Bang & A. F. Pearce & B. W. Flemming & R. A. Carter & M. H. Schleyer & P. F. Berry & G. R. Hughes & A. J. Bass & J. H. Wallace & R. P. van der Eist & R. J. M. Crawford & P. A. Shelton" box="[1815,2190,2990,3031]" pageId="32" pageNumber="26" pagination="151 - 190" refId="ref76879" refString="Heydorn, A. E. F., N. D. Bang, A. F. Pearce, B. W. Flemming, R. A. Carter, M. H. Schleyer, P. F. Berry, G. R. Hughes, A. J. Bass, J. H. Wallace, R. P. van der Eist, R. J. M. Crawford, and P. A. Shelton. 1978. Ecology of the Agulthas Current Region: an assessment of biological responses to environmental parameters in the south-west Indian Ocean. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 43 (2): 151 - 190." type="journal article" year="1978">Heydorn et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) speculated that Tongaland hatchlings ride the Agulthas Current around the southern Indian Ocean. The possible locations ofhatchling habitats for other populations have not been delineated, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FC00189BC28EB53F" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[972,1235,488,528]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
speculated that Australian hatchlings might move downstream along the east Australian Current and along the convergence of the east Australian Current with the Tasman Front east of northern New South Wales.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FE9D1A3AC415B3FD" blockId="33.[293,1234,841,1234]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FE9D1A3AC4A6B45E" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & J. I. Richardson & G. K. Williamson" box="[337,763,841,881]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="963 - 965" refId="ref94107" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., J. I. Richardson, and G. K. Williamson. 1982. Observations on the movements of hatchling sea turtles. Copeia 1982: 963 - 965." type="journal article" year="1982">Stoneburner et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that 15 hatchlings fitted with transmitters dispersed to marshes in the St. Andrews Sound of southern Georgia rather than swim offshore to the sea (see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FC701A93C2E1B327" author="Garmon, L." box="[956,1212,992,1032]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref75291" refString="Garmon, L. 1981. Tortoise marsh wallow? Science News 119 (14) [Apr.]: 217." type="journal volume" year="1981">Garmon 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). However, it is likely that these turtles drifted with tidal currents to these locations instead of deliberately selecting marshes as hatchling habitat (Richardson, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FE1C1C33C22EB248" blockId="33.[464,1139,1344,1383]" box="[464,1139,1344,1383]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFB9FF92FE1C1C33C22EB248" box="[464,1139,1344,1383]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">2.2.2 Juveniles, subadults, and adults</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FE801CD7C7DABF0E" blockId="33.[282,1235,1444,2081]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
After hatchling loggerheads enter the ocean, they begin the so-called "lost year " stage of life, although the "lost year" is now known to include a number of years, probably 3 to 5 (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FD761F4AC5DFB14E" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[698,898,1593,1633]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr 1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), during which the hatchling grows into a subadult. The juvenile stage is most likely passed entirely in a pelagic existence riding on currents and gyres (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FD281FBCC5EDB1D9" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[740,944,1743,1782]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||
|
|
Carr 1986
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FC6F1FBCC270B1D9" author="Caine, E. A." box="[931,1069,1743,1782]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">a, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FBA91FBCC2E4B1D9" author="Butler, R. W. & W. A. Nelson & T. A. Henwood" box="[1125,1209,1743,1782]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="447 - 453" refId="ref68217" refString="Butler, R. W., W. A. Nelson, and T. A. Henwood. 1987. A trawl survey method for estimating loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, abundance in five eastern Florida channels and inlets. Fish. Bull. 85: 447 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Records ofjuvenile loggerheads are scarce (summarized by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FE941E40C453B074" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[344,526,1843,1883]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), although a surprisingly large number have been reported from the Azores (Carr 19866). Juvenile loggerheads (section 1.2.5) are found stranded on the coasts of northern Europe (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FFB9FF92FCB51EB9C586B0DF" box="[889,987,1994,2032]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[303,360,1651,1688]" captionTargetBox="[291,2133,316,1602]" captionText="Fig. 7. Histogram showing size frequency distribution of loggerheads stranded along European coasts of the Atlantic Ocean (Brongersma 1972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224188/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FC371EB9C72ABF0E" author="Brongersma, L. D." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FE84112EC4DCBC10" blockId="33.[284,1231,2141,2879]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
After circulating on oceanic currents for a period of several years, juveniles reach about 40 cm SLCL and leave the pelagic ocean for subadult developmental habitats. In the western Atlantic, subadult developmental habitats include lagoons, estuaries, and the mouths of bays and rivers rich in food resources. Particularly favored areas include the Chesapeake Bay (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FBDB10FBC735BECE" author="Lutcavage, M. E." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FE5E10C9C5CEBECE" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[402,915,2490,2529]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and the Indian River Lagoon system of eastern Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FBDC109FC734BD6A" author="Mendonca, M. T." journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FE5C136DC5C6BD6A" author="Mendonca, M. T. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[400,923,2590,2629]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="161 - 167" part="1982" refId="ref84993" refString="Mendonca, M. T., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1982. Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. Copeia 1982: 161 - 167." title="Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida" type="journal article" year="1982">Mendonca and Ehrhart 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FC0D136DC2EEBD6A" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[961,1203,2590,2629]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FED11323C400BD58" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[285,605,2640,2679]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="84 - 105" refId="ref77060" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1983. Random notes on sea turtles in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 34 - 40 in D. W. Owens, D. Crowell, G. Dienderg, M. Grassman, S. McCain, Y. Morris, N. Schwantes, and T. Wibbels (eds.), Western Gulf of Mexico sea turtle workshop proceedings. Off. Sea Grant, Tex. A & M Univ., Publ. TAMU-SG- 84 - 105." type="book chapter" year="1983">Hildebrand (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that the loggerhead is the most abundant turtle today on the Texas coast and that most animals are "immatures." It is likely that loggerheads are found in many of the lagoons of the Texas and Mexican coasts.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FE89120ECEF3B412" blockId="33.[284,1223,2941,3029]" lastBlockId="33.[1287,2228,337,829]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
Other literature records for subadult loggerheads include Long Island Sound, NY (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FCA712DDC33DB657" author="Meylan, A. B. & S. Sadove" box="[875,1376,337,3029]" journalOrPublisher="New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="7 - 8" part="37" refId="ref85207" refString="Meylan, A. B., and S. Sadove. 1986. Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound, New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 37: 7 - 8." title="Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound" type="journal article" year="1986">Meylan and Sadove 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), the Lesser Antilles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F9101822C19EB657" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1756,1987,337,376]" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Res. Bull." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 43" part="278" refId="ref85129" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1983. Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 278: 1 - 43." title="Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles" type="book chapter" year="1983">Meylan 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), off the coast ofUruguay and Argentina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F91218F0C197B685" author="Frazier, J." box="[1758,1994,387,426]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), the Baleares Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FA7D18C5C026B6F2" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1457,1659,438,477]" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="92 - 100" part="36" refId="ref69059" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 a. Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads. Bioscience 36: 92 - 100." title="Rips, FADS, and little loggerheads" type="journal article" year="1986">Carr 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), the French Mediterranean (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FADA1894C04AB53F" author="Dumont, M." box="[1302,1559,487,528]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="224 - 227" refId="ref71149" refString="Dumont, M. 1974. Les cheloniens de France. Leur avenir, leur protection. Courr. Nat. No. 33: 224 - 227." type="book chapter" year="1974">Dumont 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Madeira and the Canary Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FADB1B69C003B56D" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1303,1630,538,578]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), and the Gulf of California (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FAD91B3FC057B55B" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1301,1546,588,628]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="568 - 569" refId="ref68607" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1963. Second record of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the Gulfof California. Copeia 1963: 568 - 569." type="journal article" year="1963">Caldwell 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F9E01B3FC174B55B" author="Marquez, R." box="[1580,1833,588,628]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref84220" refString="Marquez, R. 1969. Additional records of the Pacific loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the north Mexican Pacific coast. J. Herpetol. 3: 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1969">Marquez 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F8851B3FCEC3B55B" author="Cliffton, K. & D. C. Cornejo & R. S. Feiger" box="[1865,2206,588,628]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref69632" refString="Cliffton, K., D. C. Cornejo, and R. S. Feiger. 1982. Sea turtles of the Pacific Coast of Mexico. Pages 199 - 209 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cliffton et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The locations of subadult developmental habitat for other populations is unknown. Data on loggerhead sea turtles not associated with a particular nesting beach, including juveniles and subadults, are shown in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB9FF92F7EB1A65CEF9B412" box="[2087,2212,790,829]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="34.[280,380,327,372]" captionTargetBox="[281,2217,413,1652]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Table 6. Data on loggerhead sea turtles not associated with a particular nesting beach. Measurements in cm and kg." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FAE21A08C081BE37" blockId="33.[1277,2226,891,2328]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
Adult loggerheads are best known from shallow coastal waters adjacent to nesting beaches. Little is known about habitat use away from nesting beaches, however, except for Limpus' (1985) studies on Australian loggerheads. Evidence suggests that the species is migratory, since there have been long-range tag returns from Australia and South Africa showing movement over considerable distances northward after the nesting season (
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F9D81C7CC19FB21A" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1556,1986,1295,1333]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F8121C7CC383B248" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="358 - 359" refId="ref68050" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1970. First international recapture of an Australian tagged loggerhead turtle. Herpetologica 26: 358 - 359." type="journal article" year="1970">Bustard and Limpus 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FA301C33C01EB248" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1532,1603,1344,1383]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref67832" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1971. Marine turtles in Queensland, Australia. IUCN Publ. New Ser., Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 23 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F9AC1C33C163B248" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1632,1854,1344,1383]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F8941C33CE19B248" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1880,2116,1344,1383]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Limpus 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F7911C33C3A2B2B7" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
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; Limpus and Parmenter 1986;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F7E71C01C304B2E4" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref78670" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1977. Sea turtles: a guide. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. 24 pp." type="book" year="1977">Hughes 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
). Some loggerheads in the southeastern United States move northward in the spring (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F8B11CA5C3CBB101" author="Bell, R. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="20 - 24" refId="ref65921" refString="Bell, R., and J. I. Richardson. 1978. An analysis of tag recoveries from loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 20 - 24." type="journal article" year="1978">Bell and Richardson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FA7D1F7BC0B0B101" author="Meylan, A. B. & K. A. Bjorndal & BJ. Turner" box="[1457,1773,1544,1582]" journalOrPublisher="Biol. Conserv." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="79 - 90" part="26" refId="ref85160" refString="Meylan, A. B., K. A. Bjorndal, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta. Biol. Conserv. 26: 79 - 90." title="Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1983">Meylan et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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) and southward along the coast as autumn approaches, presumably to overwinter in the Bahamas or the Caribbean (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F86D1F18CECAB1BD" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1953,2199,1643,1682]" editor="K. Bjorndal" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="91 - 100" refId="ref85084" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1982. Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns. Pages 91 - 100 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." year="1982">Meylan 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Others, particularly subadults, remain year-round in Florida burying themselves in mud to escape cold conditions (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FA451E72C0D0B007" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1417,1677,1793,1832]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F96B1E72CE61B007" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[1703,2108,1793,1832]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F7941E72C39DB074" author="Henwood, T. A." pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FA291E40C158B074" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1509,1797,1843,1883]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested adult females are migratory whereas adult males are not, and remain in the vicinity of the nesting beaches throughout the year. Loggerheads buried in mud also have been reported in the Gulf of California (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92F89E1E88CECBBF0E" author="Cliffton, K. & D. C. Cornejo & R. S. Feiger" box="[1874,2198,2043,2081]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" refId="ref69632" refString="Cliffton, K., D. C. Cornejo, and R. S. Feiger. 1982. Sea turtles of the Pacific Coast of Mexico. Pages 199 - 209 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cliffton et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB9FF92FB33115EC028BF7C" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[1279,1653,2093,2131]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the recovery of loggerheads tagged at Miyazaki, Japan, in the East China Sea over 377 km distant. Nothing is known of the migratory movements in other populations, or about seasonal movements of male turtles.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF92FA9210FACE33BE80" blockId="33.[1374,2158,2441,2479]" box="[1374,2158,2441,2479]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFB9FF92FA9210FACE33BE80" box="[1374,2158,2441,2479]" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">2.3 Determinants of Distributional Changes</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB9FF91FAEB109EC2E2B0EB" blockId="33.[1275,2216,2541,3030]" lastBlockId="34.[281,1222,1899,1988]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="27">Loggerhead distribution is centered in warm temperate and subtropical seas adjacent to nesting beaches, and in warm coastal regions providing appropriate feeding grounds. Warmwater temperature may limit the distribution of nesting, and warmwater currents probably allow hatchlings to disperse away from nesting grounds and use food sources in drift lines to grow to subadult size. Reproductive migrations of unknown distance from feeding areas to nesting beaches are suspected to occur at intervals of two or more years, although there are records of single-year intervals (Hughes, personal communication). See sections 2.1, 2.2, 3.1. 6, and 3.5.1.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B" box="[280,2107,327,372]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" startId="34.[280,380,327,372]" targetBox="[281,2217,413,1652]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="34" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FED41834CE66B65B" blockId="34.[280,2107,327,372]" box="[280,2107,327,372]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
Table 6.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FE081834CE69B65B" box="[452,2100,327,372]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Data on loggerhead sea turtles not associated with a particular nesting beach. Measurements in cm and kg</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FED618EEC1A7B15B" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFBA004CFED518EECEF4B15B" box="[281,2217,413,1652]" gridcols="7" gridrows="22" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED518EECEF4B6EA" box="[281,2217,413,453]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED518EEC426B6EA" box="[281,635,413,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFD6218EEC5D3B6EA" box="[686,910,413,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">How obtained</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFC0818EEC2EEB6EA" box="[964,1203,413,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Measurement</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A18EEC31DB6EA" box="[1254,1344,413,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFABA18EEC079B6EA" box="[1398,1572,413,453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CF99418EEC0D2B6EA" box="[1624,1679,413,453]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91F9A818EEC0DEB6EA" box="[1636,1667,413,453]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CF90E18EECEF4B6EA" box="[1730,2217,413,453]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Source</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51882CEF4B536" box="[281,2217,497,537]" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51882C426B536" box="[281,635,497,537]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">New York</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621882C5D3B536" box="[686,910,497,537]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Cold-stunned</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081882C2EEB536" box="[964,1203,497,537]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (SL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1882C31DB536" box="[1254,1344,497,537]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">48.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1882C079B536" box="[1398,1572,497,537]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">36.0-58.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941882C0D2B536" box="[1624,1679,497,537]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1882CEF4B536" box="[1730,2217,497,537]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90E1882CE2DB536" author="Meylan, A. B. & S. Sadove" box="[1730,2160,497,537]" journalOrPublisher="New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 8" part="37" refId="ref85207" refString="Meylan, A. B., and S. Sadove. 1986. Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound, New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 37: 7 - 8." title="Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound" type="journal article" year="1986">Meylan and Sadove (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51B52CEF4B566" box="[281,2217,545,585]" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51B52C426B566" box="[281,635,545,585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621B52C5D3B566" box="[686,910,545,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Trawler</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081B52C2EEB566" box="[964,1203,545,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1B52C31DB566" box="[1254,1344,545,585]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">74.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1B52C079B566" box="[1398,1572,545,585]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">67.3-104.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941B52C0D2B566" box="[1624,1679,545,585]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1B52CEF4B566" box="[1730,2217,545,585]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90E1B52C123B566" author="Fahy, W. E." box="[1730,1918,545,585]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="157 - 158" refId="ref72577" refString="Fahy, W. E. 1954. Loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, from North Carolina. Copeia 1954: 157 - 158." type="journal article" year="1954">Fahy (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51B23CEF4B557" box="[281,2217,592,632]" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51B23C426B557" box="[281,635,592,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621B23C5D3B557" box="[686,910,592,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081B23C2EEB557" box="[964,1203,592,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1B23C31DB557" box="[1254,1344,592,632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FADF1B23C369B557" bold="true" box="[1299,1332,592,632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1B23C079B557" box="[1398,1572,592,632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">44.0-92.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941B23C0D2B557" box="[1624,1679,592,632]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">104</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1B23CEF4B557" box="[1730,2217,592,632]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90E1B23CEF4B557" author="Mendonca, M. T. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1730,2217,592,632]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="161 - 167" part="1982" refId="ref84993" refString="Mendonca, M. T., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1982. Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. Copeia 1982: 161 - 167." title="Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida" type="journal article" year="1982">Mendonca and Ehrhart (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51B0CCEF4B588" box="[281,2217,639,679]" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51B0CC426B588" box="[281,635,639,679]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621B0CC5D3B588" box="[686,910,639,679]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081B0CC2EEB588" box="[964,1203,639,679]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Mass</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1B0CC31DB588" box="[1254,1344,639,679]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FADE1B0CC369B588" bold="true" box="[1298,1332,639,679]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1B0CC079B588" box="[1398,1572,639,679]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">12.8-97.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941B0CC0D2B588" box="[1624,1679,639,679]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">104</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1B0CCEF4B588" box="[1730,2217,639,679]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90E1B0CCEF4B588" author="Mendonca, M. T. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1730,2217,639,679]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="161 - 167" part="1982" refId="ref84993" refString="Mendonca, M. T., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1982. Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. Copeia 1982: 161 - 167." title="Activity, population size and 1982 structure of immature Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida" type="journal article" year="1982">Mendonca and Ehrhart (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51BDDCEF4B5FA" box="[281,2217,686,725]" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51BDDC426B5FA" box="[281,635,686,725]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621BDDC5D3B5FA" box="[686,910,686,725]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Hibernating</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081BDDC2EEB5FA" box="[964,1203,686,725]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (SL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1BDDC31DB5FA" box="[1254,1344,686,725]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FADF1BDDC368B5FA" bold="true" box="[1299,1333,686,725]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1BDDC079B5FA" box="[1398,1572,686,725]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">47.5-97.5a</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941BDDC0D2B5FA" box="[1624,1679,686,725]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">139</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1BDDCEF4B5FA" box="[1730,2217,686,725]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1BDDCE3DB5FA" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[1731,2144,686,725]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51BAECEF4B42B" box="[281,2217,733,772]" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51BAEC426B42B" box="[281,635,733,772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621BAEC5D3B42B" box="[686,910,733,772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081BAEC2EEB42B" box="[964,1203,733,772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1BAEC31DB42B" box="[1254,1344,733,772]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">71.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1BAEC079B42B" box="[1398,1572,733,772]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">49-100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941BAEC0D2B42B" box="[1624,1679,733,772]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">205</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1BAECEF4B42B" box="[1730,2217,733,772]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1BAEC1F1B42B" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1731,1964,733,772]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51A7FCEF4B41D" box="[281,2217,780,818]" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51A7FC426B41D" box="[281,635,780,818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621A7FC5D3B41D" box="[686,910,780,818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081A7FC2EEB41D" box="[964,1203,780,818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (SL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1A7FC31DB41D" box="[1254,1344,780,818]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">65.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1A7FC079B41D" box="[1398,1572,780,818]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">44-93</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941A7FC0D2B41D" box="[1624,1679,780,818]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">205</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1A7FCEF4B41D" box="[1730,2217,780,818]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1A7FC1F1B41D" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1731,1964,780,818]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51A49CEF4B44E" box="[281,2217,826,865]" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51A49C426B44E" box="[281,635,826,865]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621A49C5D3B44E" box="[686,910,826,865]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081A49C2EEB44E" box="[964,1203,826,865]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Plastron</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1A49C31DB44E" box="[1254,1344,826,865]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">50.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1A49C079B44E" box="[1398,1572,826,865]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">21 -67</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941A49C0D2B44E" box="[1624,1679,826,865]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">205</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1A49CEF4B44E" box="[1730,2217,826,865]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1A49C1F1B44E" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1731,1964,826,865]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51A1ACEF4B4A0" box="[281,2217,873,911]" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51A1AC426B4A0" box="[281,635,873,911]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621A1AC5D3B4A0" box="[686,910,873,911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Netted/lagoon</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081A1AC2EEB4A0" box="[964,1203,873,911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Mass</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1A1AC31DB4A0" box="[1254,1344,873,911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">43.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1A1AC079B4A0" box="[1398,1572,873,911]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">13-111</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941A1AC0D2B4A0" box="[1624,1679,873,911]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">205</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1A1ACEF4B4A0" box="[1730,2217,873,911]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1A1AC1F1B4A0" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1731,1964,873,911]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="337 - 346" refId="ref71800" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1983. Marine turtles of the Indian River Lagoon system. Fla. Sei. 46: 337 - 346." type="journal article" year="1983">Ehrhart (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51AE4CEF4B4EF" box="[281,2217,919,960]" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51AE4C426B4EF" box="[281,635,919,960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Uruguay/Argentina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621AE4C5D3B4EF" box="[686,910,919,960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Stranded</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081AE4C2EEB4EF" box="[964,1203,919,960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1AE4C31DB4EF" box="[1254,1344,919,960]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FAD81AE4C368B4EF" bold="true" box="[1300,1333,919,960]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1AE4C079B4EF" box="[1398,1572,919,960]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">50-115</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941AE4C0D2B4EF" box="[1624,1679,919,960]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">61</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1AE4CEF4B4EF" box="[1730,2217,919,960]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081AE4C1EFB4EF" author="Frazier, J." box="[1732,1970,919,960]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51AB4CEF4B4C1" box="[281,2217,967,1006]" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51AB4C426B4C1" box="[281,635,967,1006]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">W. Atlantic</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621AB4C5D3B4C1" box="[686,910,967,1006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Sargassum</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081AB4C2EEB4C1" box="[964,1203,967,1006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1AB4C31DB4C1" box="[1254,1344,967,1006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FADF1AB4C368B4C1" bold="true" box="[1299,1333,967,1006]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1AB4C079B4C1" box="[1398,1572,967,1006]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">5.2-18.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941AB4C0D2B4C1" box="[1624,1679,967,1006]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91F9A71AB4C0D1B4C1" bold="true" box="[1643,1676,967,1006]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1AB4CEF4B4C1" box="[1730,2217,967,1006]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1AB4C1D6B4C1" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1731,1931,967,1006]" firstAuthor="Carr" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="103 - 121" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51A85CEF4B334" box="[281,2217,1014,1051]" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51A85C426B334" box="[281,635,1014,1051]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Azores</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621A85C5D3B334" box="[686,910,1014,1051]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Fishermen</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081A85C2EEB334" box="[964,1203,1014,1051]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (SL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1A85C31DB334" box="[1254,1344,1014,1051]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">22.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1A85C079B334" box="[1398,1572,1014,1051]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">11.0-38.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941A85C0D2B334" box="[1624,1679,1014,1051]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">82</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1A85CEF4B334" box="[1730,2217,1014,1051]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1A85C1D1B334" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1731,1932,1014,1051]" firstAuthor="Carr" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="103 - 121" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51D57CEF4B365" box="[281,2217,1060,1098]" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51D57C426B365" box="[281,635,1060,1098]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Baleares Is.</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621D57C5D3B365" box="[686,910,1060,1098]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Not reported</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081D57C2EEB365" box="[964,1203,1060,1098]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (SL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1D57C31DB365" box="[1254,1344,1060,1098]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FAD81D57C368B365" bold="true" box="[1300,1333,1060,1098]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1D57C079B365" box="[1398,1572,1060,1098]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">30-76</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941D57C0D2B365" box="[1624,1679,1060,1098]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">81</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1D57CEF4B365" box="[1730,2217,1060,1098]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1D57C1D1B365" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1731,1932,1060,1098]" firstAuthor="Carr" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="103 - 121" refId="ref69086" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1986 b. New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 190, 36 pp. (reprinted in Biol. Conserv., 1987, 1: 103 - 121)." type="journal article" year="1986">Carr (1986b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51D23CEF4B355" box="[281,2217,1104,1146]" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51D23C426B355" box="[281,635,1104,1146]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Europe</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621D23C5D3B355" box="[686,910,1104,1146]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Stranded</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081D23C2EEB355" box="[964,1203,1104,1146]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1D23C31DB355" box="[1254,1344,1104,1146]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">38.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1D23C079B355" box="[1398,1572,1104,1146]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">15.9-146.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941D23C0D2B355" box="[1624,1679,1104,1146]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">82</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1D23CEF4B355" box="[1730,2217,1104,1146]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1D23C1B2B355" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1731,2031,1104,1146]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51DF1CEF4B388" box="[281,2217,1154,1191]" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51DF1C426B388" box="[281,635,1154,1191]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">E. Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621DF1C5D3B388" box="[686,910,1154,1191]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Stranded</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081DF1C2EEB388" box="[964,1203,1154,1191]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1DF1C31DB388" box="[1254,1344,1154,1191]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">13.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1DF1C079B388" box="[1398,1572,1154,1191]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">5.8-36.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941DF1C0D2B388" box="[1624,1679,1154,1191]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1DF1CEF4B388" box="[1730,2217,1154,1191]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081DF1C1F6B388" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1963,1154,1191]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51DC2CEF4B3F9" box="[281,2217,1201,1238]" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51DC2C426B3F9" box="[281,635,1201,1238]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">SW. Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621DC2C5D3B3F9" box="[686,910,1201,1238]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Stranded</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081DC2C2EEB3F9" box="[964,1203,1201,1238]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1DC2C31DB3F9" box="[1254,1344,1201,1238]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">8.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1DC2C079B3F9" box="[1398,1572,1201,1238]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">5.8-10.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941DC2C0D2B3F9" box="[1624,1679,1201,1238]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">40</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1DC2CEF4B3F9" box="[1730,2217,1201,1238]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081DC2C1F7B3F9" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1962,1201,1238]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51DACCEF4B22B" box="[281,2217,1247,1284]" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51DACC426B21B" box="[281,635,1247,1332]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Australia/ Moreton Bay</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621DACC5D3B22B" box="[686,910,1247,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Feeding gr.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081DACC2EEB22B" box="[964,1203,1247,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1DACC31DB22B" box="[1254,1344,1247,1284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">97.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1DACC079B22B" box="[1398,1572,1247,1284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">91.0-103.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941DACC0D2B22B" box="[1624,1679,1247,1284]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1DACCEF4B22B" box="[1730,2217,1247,1284]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081DACC1F6B22B" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1963,1247,1284]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51C4FCEF4B24E" box="[281,2217,1340,1377]" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51C4FC426B2BF" box="[281,635,1340,1424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Australia/ Capricornia Reef</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621C4FC5D3B24E" box="[686,910,1340,1377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Feeding gr.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081C4FC2EEB24E" box="[964,1203,1340,1377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1C4FC31DB24E" box="[1254,1344,1340,1377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">94.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1C4FC079B24E" box="[1398,1572,1340,1377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">84.5-101.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941C4FC0D2B24E" box="[1624,1679,1340,1377]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1C4FCEF4B24E" box="[1730,2217,1340,1377]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081C4FC1F7B24E" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1962,1340,1377]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51CEACEF4B291" box="[281,2217,1433,1470]" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51CEAC426B2C3" box="[281,635,1433,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Australia/ Gulf of Carpentaria</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621CEAC5D3B291" box="[686,910,1433,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Feeding gr.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081CEAC2EEB291" box="[964,1203,1433,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1CEAC31DB291" box="[1254,1344,1433,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">93.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1CEAC079B291" box="[1398,1572,1433,1470]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">89.0-96.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941CEAC0D2B291" box="[1624,1679,1433,1470]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1CEACEF4B291" box="[1730,2217,1433,1470]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081CEAC1F7B291" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1962,1433,1470]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51C86CEF4B135" box="[281,2217,1525,1562]" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51C86C426B135" box="[281,635,1525,1562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Papua New Guinea</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621C86C5D3B135" box="[686,910,1525,1562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Feeding gr.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081C86C2EEB135" box="[964,1203,1525,1562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1C86C31DB135" box="[1254,1344,1525,1562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">98.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1C86C079B135" box="[1398,1572,1525,1562]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">96.0-103.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941C86C0D2B135" box="[1624,1679,1525,1562]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1C86CEF4B135" box="[1730,2217,1525,1562]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9081C86C1F7B135" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1732,1962,1525,1562]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBA004CFED51F50CEF4B168" box="[281,2217,1571,1607]" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBA004CFED51F50C426B15B" box="[281,635,1571,1652]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">New Zealand</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFD621F50C5D3B15B" box="[686,910,1571,1652]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Stranded</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFC081F50C2EEB168" box="[964,1203,1571,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Carapace (CL)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFB2A1F50C31DB168" box="[1254,1344,1571,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">15.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CFABA1F50C079B168" box="[1398,1572,1571,1607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">8.6-33.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF9941F50C0D2B168" box="[1624,1679,1571,1607]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBA004CF90E1F50CEF4B15B" box="[1730,2217,1571,1652]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F90F1F50C1E0B168" author="McCann. C" box="[1731,1981,1571,1607]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9251F22C1A7B15B" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[1769,2042,1617,1652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Pritchard (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFBAFF91FED51FECC488B1C8" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[281,2217,413,1652]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FED51FECC4FFB190" blockId="34.[281,725,1695,1767]" box="[281,674,1695,1727]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Estimated from histogram.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FED71FB3C488B1C8" blockId="34.[281,725,1695,1767]" box="[283,725,1728,1767]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">3 Summary of unanalyzed data.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FFBAFF91FEB61156C7DABD47" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FEB61156C4E5BF63" blockId="34.[378,696,2085,2124]" box="[378,696,2085,2124]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBAFF91FEB61156C4E5BF63" box="[378,696,2085,2124]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">2.4 Hybridization</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FE8E110FC7DABD47" blockId="34.[274,1223,2172,2664]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91FE8E110FC47CBF8B" author="Lewis, C. B." box="[322,545,2172,2212]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="56 - 65" refId="ref82017" refString="Lewis, C. B. 1940. The Cayman Islands and marine turtle. Bull. Inst. Jam. Sei. Ser. No. 2: 56 - 65." type="book chapter" year="1940">Lewis (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that local Caymanian fishermen could describe what they believed was a hybrid between
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBAFF91FE791192C549BE28" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[437,788,2273,2311]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FE791192C549BE28" box="[437,788,2273,2311]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Eretmochelys imbricata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBAFF91FCB41192C20EBE28" box="[888,1107,2273,2311]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FCB41192C20EBE28" box="[888,1107,2273,2311]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
called a "McQueggie " or a "McQuankie."
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91FC651060C232BE14" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp" box="[937,1135,2323,2363]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref69029" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1984. So excellent a fishe. Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp." title="So excellent a fishe." type="book" year="1984">Carr (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
later showed that at least in some instances, McQueggies were referable to recognizable species and that the folklore probably had no basis. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91FBD410D9C7DEBD2C" author="Kamezaki, N." pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="52 - 53" refId="ref79807" refString="Kamezaki, N. 1983. The possibility of hybridization between the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, and the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, in specimens hatched from eggs collected in Chita peninsula. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 10 (2): 52 - 53 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1983">Kamezaki (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported hybrids from an
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBAFF91FCA110AFC272BD2C" box="[877,1071,2524,2563]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FCA110AFC272BD2C" box="[877,1071,2524,2563]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
x
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBAFF91FB9010AFC29BBD2C" box="[1116,1222,2524,2563]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBAFF91FB9010AFC29BBD2C" box="[1116,1222,2524,2563]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
cross from eggs deposited on the Chita Peninsula, Japan.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FFBAFFFCFED413B9C45BBEEF" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FED413B9C5A8BDDF" blockId="34.[280,1013,2762,2900]" box="[280,1013,2762,2800]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBAFF91FED413B9C5A8BDDF" box="[280,1013,2762,2800]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">3. BIONOMICS AND LIFE HISTORY</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FEBB138FC4EDBC0D" blockId="34.[280,1013,2762,2900]" box="[375,688,2812,2850]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBAFF91FEBB138FC4EDBC0D" box="[375,688,2812,2850]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">3.1 Reproduction</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF91FE0F125DC48CBC7B" blockId="34.[280,1013,2762,2900]" box="[451,721,2862,2900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBAFF91FE0F125DC48CBC7B" box="[451,721,2862,2900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">3.1. 1 Sexuality</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBAFF90FEF312F5C2E2B681" blockId="34.[279,1218,2950,3040]" lastBlockId="35.[281,1218,339,430]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="34" pageNumber="28">
|
||
|
|
The comparative reproductive biology of sea turtles, including loggerheads, is discussed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91FC6712CBC2EBBCCF" author="Buitrago, J." box="[939,1206,3000,3040]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" pagination="133 - 144" refId="ref67638" refString="Buitrago, J. 1982. Estrategias reproductivas en tortugas marinas. Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 42: 133 - 144." type="journal article" year="1982">Buitrago (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Loggerheads are bisexual, and sexual dimorphism is apparent in the adults; some references state that males are generally larger than females, although Hughes (19744) could not demonstrate size dimorphism in Natal, South Africa, loggerheads and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F8781141C05EBFA4" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that both sexes attain equal sizes. Hughes (19744) reported that sexual differentiation was apparent in turtles 60.0 cm to 67.0 cm SLCL. Males have a longer tail than females (males:females, 3: 1) and larger recurved claws (males:females, 3: 1). Males also have a shorter plastron, presumably to accommodate their large muscular tail (Hughes 19744;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F80D10E2C30CBEC6" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Females have a more domed carapace than males, but males appear to be wider, and have a more gradually tapering carapace (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9381355CE66BD60" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1780,2107,2598,2639]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F79B1355C312BDAF" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Males also show a tendency to have a wider head (Hughes 19744;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F9DF13F8CE59BD9D" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Trebbau" box="[1555,2052,2699,2738]" pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref88879" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., and P. Trebbau. 1984. The turtles of Venezuela. SSAR Contrib. Herpetol. No. 2." type="book" year="1984">Pritchard and Trebbau 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBAFF91F7E813F8C3B6BDCB" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." pageId="34" pageNumber="28" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that there is a difference in pigmentation between the sexes, with males showing more yellow-ochre on the head. Sexual distinction of hatchlings, juveniles, and the smaller subadults is not possible through external examination, but only through dissection, laparoscopy, histological examination, or radioimmunological assays. Intersexuality has been reported in an adult from Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FCB918F5C2F2B681" author="Limpus, C. J. & J. D. Miller & P. C. Reed" box="[885,1199,390,430]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="32 - 33" refId="ref82491" refString="Limpus, C. J., J. D. Miller, and P. C. Reed. 1982. Intersexuality in a loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Herpetol. Rev. 13: 32 - 33." type="journal article" year="1982">Limpus et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FE0F1B5CC490B57A" blockId="35.[451,717,559,597]" box="[451,717,559,597]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBBFF90FE0F1B5CC490B57A" box="[451,717,559,597]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">3.1.2 Maturity</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FE8C1BE1C47DB2F1" blockId="35.[278,1222,658,1502]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
Early estimates of age at maturity were based on captive individuals raised under ideal conditions, and were based on different minimum size estimates for sexually mature individuals. Thus,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FD101A5AC5ACB47F" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[732,1009,809,848]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref68568" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 c. Growth measurements of young captive Atlantic sea turtles in temperate waters. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 50, 8 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FB8B1A5AC7DFB4AB" author="Uchida, I." pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated that loggerheads matured at 6-7 yr of age.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FEA71AFEC514B49A" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" box="[363,841,909,949]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided an estimate of 16-17 yr in 2 loggerheads raised in captivity in North Carolina. Studies of wild turtles, based on measurements of recaptured individuals or growth annuli of humeral bones, gave estimates of 10- 15 yr in Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FEE81DF9C41EB39D" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[292,579,1162,1202]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); 12-30 yr in Florida, with the best estimate skewed toward the higher figure (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FBC81DCEC45CB239" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); 14 yr (logarithmic regression estimate) to 19 yr (linear regression estimate) in Georgia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FBB11C52C794B255" author="Zug, G. R. & A. Wynn & C. Ruckdeschel" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref97306" refString="Zug, G. R., A. Wynn, and C. Ruckdeschel. 1983. Age estimates of Cumberland Island loggerhead sea turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 25: 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="1983">Zug et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); 13-15 yr in Georgia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FC801C20C217B255" author="Zug, G. R." box="[844,1098,1363,1402]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">Zug et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); 22 yr in Georgia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FE3B1CF7C482B283" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[503,735,1412,1452]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="436 - 447" refId="ref73528" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 c. Survivorship of adult female loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Herpetologica 39: 436 - 447." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer 1983c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); and>30 yr in Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FEE81CC4C452B2F1" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[292,527,1463,1502]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref82247" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1979. Notes on growth rates of wild turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 10: 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1979">Limpus 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FEF21F58C206BEB0" blockId="35.[275,1216,1579,2463]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
The age at sexual maturity may vary between populations, or even within populations, since growth rates and size at sexual maturity show considerable variation within and between populations (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FC0D1FB2C2F6B1C8" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[961,1195,1729,1767]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Knowledge of the sizes of reproductively active turtles may assist in the determination of age of maturity, depending on which growth rate equation values are used. There is a considerable body of literature on the sizes of nesting females (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFBBFF90FD2C1ECAC537B0CF" box="[736,874,1977,2016]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[287,382,330,369]" captionTargetBox="[277,2220,467,3006]" captionText="Table 7. Carapace lengths (cm) ofnesting loggerhead sea turtles. CL = over the curve measurement; SL straight line measurement; NR = not recorded." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
) showing that the populations with the smallest mature females occur in the Mediterranean and Natal, South Africa. The largest average-sized females occur in the southeastern United States. Data on body mass are scarcer, but show only minor variation among United States, South African, and Australian populations (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFBBFF90FCEE1190C5EEBE25" box="[802,947,2275,2314]" captionStart="Table 8" captionStartId="37.[287,384,334,372]" captionTargetBox="[283,2216,416,1183]" captionText="Table 8. Body mass (kg) offemale loggerhead sea turtles. (Mass is for nesting animals unless otherwise indicated.)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B">Table 8</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The data in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FEDF1067C4D5BE14" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[275,648,2324,2363]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
are presumed to include some nesters although this is not clear from the text.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FB9E1034C7D2BEB0" author="Sella, I." pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella's (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
data obviously are of subadult animals.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FEF0109EC789BCFA" blockId="35.[275,1214,2541,3029]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
Data on male loggerheads are exceedingly scarce. Despite observations that males may be larger than females, only four studies and one casual observation report male carapace lengths (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFBBFF90FCD513F1C5C2BD86" box="[793,927,2690,2729]" captionStart="Table 9" captionStartId="37.[281,379,1464,1497]" captionTargetBox="[279,2211,1597,1899]" captionText="Table 9. Carapace lengths (cm) of male loggerheads. CL = curved carapace length; SL = straight-line carapace length; NR = method not recorded." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122">Table 9</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Body mass has been reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FD8513C7C579BDF4" author="Sella, I." box="[585,804,2740,2779]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
to average 37.5 kg; his sample presumably included, or consisted entirely of, subadults and the sample size was not reported.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FBF1126BC7CDBC5E" author="Hughes, G. R." bookContentInfo="Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref78489" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 b. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 35, 144 pp." title="The sea turtles of south-east Africa. I. Status, morphology and distributions" type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave an average of 68.0 kg for Natal males but his sample size was very small (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBBFF90FC5C120EC5EFBC8B" box="[912,946,2941,2980]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 3, range = 62.0- 74.6).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FA681820C0CCB656" blockId="35.[1444,1681,339,377]" box="[1444,1681,339,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBBFF90FA681820C0CCB656" box="[1444,1681,339,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">3.1. 3 Mating</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FAED18C4C0B2B1BD" blockId="35.[1268,2215,439,1682]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
Mating of loggerheads is assumed to occur along the way to the nesting beach for several weeks prior to the onset of nesting, and may occur in specific aggregation areas or habitats (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F9E81B3DC14FB55A" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1572,1810,590,629]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F8E21B3DCE52B55A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1838,2063,590,629]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For instance, an area near Sandy Cape, Australia, is an area of high density courtship for females that nest in rookeries 80-150 km distant (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F92C1B97C1E2B423" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1760,1983,740,780]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Mating also may occur as females pass through territories of resident males on their way to the nesting beaches (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F7831A39C3C8B48B" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Mating has been recorded from late March to mid-May in South
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBBFF90F9BB1ADDCE71B4FA" authority="(Caldwell 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Caldwell" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[1655,2092,942,981]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
|
|
Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F8E61ADDCE7BB4FA" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1834,2086,942,981]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, April and May during periods of peak male abundance off the coast of Cape Canaveral, FL (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F8E01D60CE70B315" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1836,2093,1043,1082]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), April and June off the southeastern U. S. coast (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F82C1D36C306B38E" author="Fritts, T. H. & W. Hoffman & M. A. McGehee" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref74530" refString="Fritts, T. H., W. Hoffman, and M. A. McGehee. 1983 a. The distribution and abundance of marine turtles in the Gulf of Mexico and nearby Atlantic waters. J. Herpetol. 17: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1983">Fritts et al. 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and from October to mid-December in Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FAC81DD9C3B6B3FC" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1284,1515,1194,1235]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Courtship usually does not take place, except for rare instances, off the nesting beach. In some cases where mated pairs have been observed near nesting beaches, such as at Heron Island, Australia, the mated females did not nest on the nearest nesting beach (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FAC81CD6C3BAB2E3" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1284,1511,1445,1484]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Copulating pairs have been reported at a considerable distance from the nesting shore.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F7FD1CA4C33DB11E" author="Bearse, L." pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref65825" refString="Bearse, L. 1985. Loggerheads mate off Cape Hatteras. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 34: 8 (Photograph only)." type="journal volume" year="1985">Bearse (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a photograph of a mated pair 55 km south of Cape Hatteras, NC, at the western edge of the Gulf Stream in March 1985.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF90FAD21FA2C104BD58" blockId="35.[1265,2209,1745,2679]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
Mounted pairs are most frequently sighted at the surface, although there are reports of submerged copulations (Hughes 19746;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F9B61E47C139B074" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1658,1892,1844,1883]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The male clings tightly to the female using his large recurved claws to hook onto the female's carapace above each of her shoulders. The claws of the hind flippers are also used to hold onto the female's carapace (illustrated in the photograph in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F9CF115EC08ABF7C" author="Wood, F. G." box="[1539,1751,2093,2131]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" pagination="184 - 186" refId="ref96788" refString="Wood, F. G. 1953. Mating behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta caretta. Copeia 1953: 184 - 186." type="journal article" year="1953">Wood 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The male's long tail is curled directly down under the female to bring their cloacas together so that he may insert his penis. While the female may be responsive to external stimuli, the male appears preoccupied with copulation. If the female swims, he keeps his head on her carapace, presumably to reduce drag, and only raises it to increase drag and pivot the female to the surface when he needs a breath.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FB3F10C8C396BECD" author="Harry, J. L." box="[1267,1483,2491,2530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref76577" refString="Harry, J. L. 1983. Genetic aspects of the breeding structure of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus). Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. MacQuarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1983">Harry (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBBFF90FA2D10C8C3A1BECD" box="[1505,1532,2491,2530]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90F9DC10C8C0A8BECD" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1552,1781,2491,2530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported that multiple inseminations by several males of a single female was normal, indicating that the loggerhead is polyandrous. Copulation may last several hours.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBBFF96FAD013C6C256BDF8" blockId="35.[1267,2207,2741,3029]" lastBlockId="37.[276,1218,2138,2775]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="35" pageNumber="29">
|
||
|
|
Instances of courtship rarely have been observed.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBBFF90FB3F1394C3B4BC22" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1267,1513,2791,2829]" pageId="35" pageNumber="29" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described two instances of males circling females presumably prior to copulation. The male circles the female which may turn to face the male. After several minutes of circling, the male rapidly approaches the female from the rear and slides his head up on her shoulder; he may bite her neck or shoulder in an effort to hold her. If the female is unreceptive, she will pivot and turn toward the male in an effort to dislodge or discourage him, and may angle her carapace upward. Males will continue to circle and pursue females, and they in turn will face the male to prevent copulation. Successful copulation after a courtship bout has not been observed. Circling behavior also has been observed involving two males and an adult male and subadult (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96FEEF1368C453BD6D" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[291,526,2587,2626]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96FDF91368C544BD6D" author="Wood, F. G." box="[565,793,2587,2626]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="184 - 186" refId="ref96788" refString="Wood, F. G. 1953. Mating behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta caretta. Copeia 1953: 184 - 186." type="journal article" year="1953">Wood (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that a captive male had difficulty both in inserting his penis into the female's cloaca and in retracting it after copulation;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96FED813C2C449BDF8" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[276,532,2737,2775]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
observed no such difficulty.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" startId="36.[287,382,330,369]" targetBox="[277,2220,467,3006]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="36" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" blockId="36.[285,2225,330,436]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
Table 7.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FE0D1839C322B68D" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Carapace lengths (cm) of nesting loggerhead sea turtles. CL = over the curve measurement; SL= straight line measurement; NR = not recorded</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBCFF97FEEC18A0C19DBC91" blockId="36.[285,2225,467,522]" lastBlockId="36.[275,2213,2867,3025]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFBC004CFED918A0CEF1BC91" box="[277,2220,467,3006]" gridcols="6" gridrows="47" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED918A0CEF1B6D9" box="[277,2220,467,502]" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED918A0C46AB6D9" box="[277,567,467,502]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F18A0C514B6D9" box="[707,841,467,502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Measure</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A18A0C272B6D9" box="[982,1071,467,502]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D18A0C33AB6D9" box="[1201,1383,467,502]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D18A0C012B6D9" box="[1521,1615,467,502]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97F9D418A0C06AB6D9" box="[1560,1591,467,502]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CF91518A0CEF1B6D9" box="[1753,2220,467,502]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91B42CEF1B57C" box="[277,2220,561,595]" gridrow="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91B42CEF1B57C" box="[277,2220,561,595]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FED21B42C7FDB57C" bold="true" box="[286,416,561,595]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91B11CEF1B5A9" box="[277,2220,610,646]" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91B11C46AB5A9" box="[277,567,610,646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1B11C514B5A9" box="[707,841,610,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1B11C272B5A9" box="[982,1071,610,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1B11C33AB5A9" box="[1201,1383,610,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">85.0-98.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1B11C012B5A9" box="[1521,1615,610,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">13</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151B11CEF1B5A9" box="[1753,2220,610,646]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9281B11CE48B5A9" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1764,2069,610,646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref93858" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1980. Body depth: an indicator of morphological variation among nesting groups of adult loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 14: 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">Stoneburner (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91BE6CEF1B596" box="[277,2220,661,697]" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91BE6C46AB596" box="[277,567,661,697]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1BE6C514B596" box="[707,841,661,697]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1BE6C272B596" box="[982,1071,661,697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1BE6C33AB596" box="[1201,1383,661,697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">84.5-102.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1BE6C012B596" box="[1521,1615,661,697]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">18</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151BE6CEF1B596" box="[1753,2220,661,697]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1BE6C186B596" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1763,2011,661,697]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91BBBCEF1B5C3" box="[277,2220,712,748]" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91BBBC46AB5C3" box="[277,567,712,748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1BBBC514B5C3" box="[707,841,712,748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1BBBC272B5C3" box="[982,1071,712,748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">95.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1BBBC33AB5C3" box="[1201,1383,712,748]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">79.4-114.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1BBBC012B5C3" box="[1521,1615,712,748]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151BBBCEF1B5C3" box="[1753,2220,712,748]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1BBBCE73B5C4" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1763,2094,712,747]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
a)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91B89CEF1B431" box="[277,2220,762,798]" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91B89C46AB431" box="[277,567,762,798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1B89C514B431" box="[707,841,762,798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1B89C272B431" box="[982,1071,762,798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">105.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1B89C33AB431" box="[1201,1383,762,798]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">94.6-114.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1B89C012B431" box="[1521,1615,762,798]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">25</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151B89CEF1B431" box="[1753,2220,762,798]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9281B89C182B432" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1764,2015,762,797]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91A5FCEF1B47F" box="[277,2220,812,848]" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91A5FC46AB47F" box="[277,567,812,848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1A5FC514B47F" box="[707,841,812,848]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1A5FC272B47F" box="[982,1071,812,848]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1A5FC33AB47F" box="[1201,1383,812,848]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">80.5-107.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1A5FC012B47F" box="[1521,1615,812,848]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">52</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151A5FCEF1B47F" box="[1753,2220,812,848]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9281A5FCE48B460" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1764,2069,812,847]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref93858" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1980. Body depth: an indicator of morphological variation among nesting groups of adult loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 14: 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">Stoneburner (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91A2DCEF1B4AD" box="[277,2220,862,898]" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91A2DC46AB4AD" box="[277,567,862,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1A2DC514B4AD" box="[707,841,862,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1A2DC272B4AD" box="[982,1071,862,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1A2DC33AB4AD" box="[1201,1383,862,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">77.5-106.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1A2DC012B4AD" box="[1521,1615,862,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">164</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151A2DCEF1B4AD" box="[1753,2220,862,898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1A2DCE16B4AD" author="Gallagher, R. M. & M. L. Hollinger & R. M. Ingle & C. R. Futch" box="[1763,2123,862,898]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref75191" refString="Gallagher, R. M., M. L. Hollinger, R. M. Ingle, and C. R. Futch. 1972. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1971. Fla. Dep. Nat. Resour. Mar. Res. Lab. Spec. Sei. Rep. No. 37, 11 pp." type="book" year="1972">Gallagher et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91AE3CEF1B49A" box="[277,2220,912,949]" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91AE3C46AB49A" box="[277,567,912,949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1AE3C514B49A" box="[707,841,912,949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1AE3C272B49A" box="[982,1071,912,949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">90.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1AE3C33AB49A" box="[1201,1383,912,949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">71.1-114.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1AE3C012B49A" box="[1521,1615,912,949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97F9E11AE3C012B49A" bold="true" box="[1581,1615,912,949]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151AE3CEF1B49A" box="[1753,2220,912,949]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92E1AE2CE31B49A" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1762,2156,913,949]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91AB6CEF1B4C6" box="[277,2220,965,1001]" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91AB6C46AB4C6" box="[277,567,965,1001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1AB6C514B4C6" box="[707,841,965,1001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1AB6C272B4C6" box="[982,1071,965,1001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">96.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1AB6C33AB4C6" box="[1201,1383,965,1001]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">76.2-106.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1AB6C012B4C6" box="[1521,1615,965,1001]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">25</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151AB6CEF1B4C6" box="[1753,2220,965,1001]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92E1AB6CEDFB4C6" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1762,2178,965,1001]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91A8BCEF1B333" box="[277,2220,1016,1052]" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91A8BC46AB333" box="[277,567,1016,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1A8BC514B333" box="[707,841,1016,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1A8BC272B333" box="[982,1071,1016,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">90.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1A8BC33AB333" box="[1201,1383,1016,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">81-109</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1A8BC012B333" box="[1521,1615,1016,1052]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151A8BCEF1B333" box="[1753,2220,1016,1052]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92E1A8BCEDFB333" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1762,2178,1016,1052]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91D58CEF1B360" box="[277,2220,1067,1103]" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91D58C46AB360" box="[277,567,1067,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1D58C514B360" box="[707,841,1067,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1D58C272B360" box="[982,1071,1067,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">100.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1D58C33AB360" box="[1201,1383,1067,1103]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">91-114</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1D58C012B360" box="[1521,1615,1067,1103]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">51</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151D58CEF1B360" box="[1753,2220,1067,1103]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92E1D58CEDEB360" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1762,2179,1067,1103]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91D2CCEF1B3AC" box="[277,2220,1119,1155]" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91D2CC46AB3AC" box="[277,567,1119,1155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1D2CC514B3AC" box="[707,841,1119,1155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1D2CC272B3AC" box="[982,1071,1119,1155]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">99.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1D2CC33AB3AC" box="[1201,1383,1119,1155]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">86-111</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1D2CC012B3AC" box="[1521,1615,1119,1155]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">111</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151D2CCEF1B3AC" box="[1753,2220,1119,1155]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92E1D2CCEDEB3AC" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1762,2179,1119,1155]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91DE1CEF1B399" box="[277,2220,1170,1206]" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91DE1C46AB399" box="[277,567,1170,1206]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1DE1C514B399" box="[707,841,1170,1206]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1DE1C272B399" box="[982,1071,1170,1206]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">99.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1DE1C33AB399" box="[1201,1383,1170,1206]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">83-124</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1DE1C012B399" box="[1521,1615,1170,1206]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">120</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151DE1CEF1B399" box="[1753,2220,1170,1206]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1DE1CEDFB399" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1763,2178,1170,1206]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91DB5CEF1B3C5" box="[277,2220,1222,1258]" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91DB5C46AB3C5" box="[277,567,1222,1258]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1DB5C514B3C5" box="[707,841,1222,1258]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1DB5C272B3C5" box="[982,1071,1222,1258]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">90.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1DB5C33AB3C5" box="[1201,1383,1222,1258]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">82-103</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1DB5C012B3C5" box="[1521,1615,1222,1258]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">84</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151DB5CEF1B3C5" box="[1753,2220,1222,1258]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1DB5CEDFB3C5" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1763,2178,1222,1258]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91D8ACEF1B232" box="[277,2220,1273,1309]" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91D8AC46AB232" box="[277,567,1273,1309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1D8AC514B232" box="[707,841,1273,1309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1D8AC272B232" box="[982,1071,1273,1309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1D8AC33AB232" box="[1201,1383,1273,1309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">81-110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1D8AC012B232" box="[1521,1615,1273,1309]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151D8ACEF1B232" box="[1753,2220,1273,1309]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1D8ACEDFB232" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1763,2178,1273,1309]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91C58CEF1B260" box="[277,2220,1323,1359]" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91C58C46AB260" box="[277,567,1323,1359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1C58C514B260" box="[707,841,1323,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1C58C272B260" box="[982,1071,1323,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1C58C33AB260" box="[1201,1383,1323,1359]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">83.0-105.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1C58C012B260" box="[1521,1615,1323,1359]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">137</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151C58CEF1B260" box="[1753,2220,1323,1359]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1C58CE49B260" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1763,2068,1323,1359]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref93858" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1980. Body depth: an indicator of morphological variation among nesting groups of adult loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 14: 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">Stoneburner (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91C28CEF1B2AE" box="[277,2220,1371,1409]" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91C28C46AB2AE" box="[277,567,1371,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1C28C514B2AE" box="[707,841,1371,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1C28C272B2AE" box="[982,1071,1371,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FBC51C28C277B2AF" bold="true" box="[1033,1066,1371,1408]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1C28C33AB2AE" box="[1201,1383,1371,1409]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87-114</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1C28C012B2AE" box="[1521,1615,1371,1409]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">33</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151C28CEF1B2AE" box="[1753,2220,1371,1409]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92F1C2DC1F5B2AE" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1763,1960,1374,1409]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="336 - 341" refId="ref77416" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1982. Weight and length relationships of some adult marine turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. 32: 336 - 341." type="journal article" year="1982">Hirth (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91CFCCEF1B29C" box="[277,2220,1423,1459]" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91CFCC46AB29C" box="[277,567,1423,1459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1CFCC514B29C" box="[707,841,1423,1459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1CFCC272B29C" box="[982,1071,1423,1459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1CFCC33AB29C" box="[1201,1383,1423,1459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">74.9-109.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1CFCC012B29C" box="[1521,1615,1423,1459]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">661</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151CFCCEF1B29C" box="[1753,2220,1423,1459]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92D1CE3CE65B29C" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1761,2104,1424,1459]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91CB1CEF1B2C8" box="[277,2220,1474,1511]" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91CB1C46AB2C8" box="[277,567,1474,1511]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1CB1C514B2C8" box="[707,841,1474,1511]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1CB1C272B2C8" box="[982,1071,1474,1511]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">100.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1CB1C33AB2C8" box="[1201,1383,1474,1511]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB391CB1C34AB2C8" bold="true" box="[1269,1303,1474,1511]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1CB1C012B2C8" box="[1521,1615,1474,1511]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">11</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151CB1CEF1B2C8" box="[1753,2220,1474,1511]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92D1CB0C1E4B2C9" author="Mapes, J." box="[1761,1977,1475,1510]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="8 - 9" refId="ref83977" refString="Mapes, J. 1985. Loggerhead conservation on Florida's west coast. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 33: 8 - 9." type="journal article" year="1985">Mapes (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91C87CEF1B138" box="[277,2220,1524,1559]" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91C87C46AB138" box="[277,567,1524,1559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1C87C514B138" box="[707,841,1524,1559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1C87C272B138" box="[982,1071,1524,1559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">98.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1C87C33AB138" box="[1201,1383,1524,1559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.9-108.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1C87C012B138" box="[1521,1615,1524,1559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">119</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151C87CEF1B138" box="[1753,2220,1524,1559]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1C87CE7EB138" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1760,2083,1524,1559]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91F55CEF1B166" box="[277,2220,1574,1609]" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91F55C46AB166" box="[277,567,1574,1609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1F55C514B166" box="[707,841,1574,1609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1F55C272B166" box="[982,1071,1574,1609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1F55C33AB166" box="[1201,1383,1574,1609]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">82.5-104.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1F55C012B166" box="[1521,1615,1574,1609]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">114</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151F55CEF1B166" box="[1753,2220,1574,1609]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1F55CE7EB166" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1760,2083,1574,1609]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91F24CEF1B153" box="[277,2220,1623,1660]" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91F24C46AB153" box="[277,567,1623,1660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Trinidad</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1F24C514B153" box="[707,841,1623,1660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1F24C272B153" box="[982,1071,1623,1660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">85.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1F24C33AB153" box="[1201,1383,1623,1660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB391F24C34BB153" bold="true" box="[1269,1302,1623,1660]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1F24C012B153" box="[1521,1615,1623,1660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151F24CEF1B153" box="[1753,2220,1623,1660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1F2BCEF1B154" author="Bacon, P. R. & G. K. Maliphant" box="[1760,2220,1624,1659]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="2 - 17" refId="ref65117" refString="Bacon, P. R., and G. K. Maliphant. 1971. Further studies on sea turtles in Trinidad and Tobago. J. Trinidad Field Nat. Club 1971: 2 - 17." type="journal article" year="1971">Bacon and Maliphant (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91FFACEF1B182" box="[277,2220,1673,1709]" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91FFAC46AB182" box="[277,567,1673,1709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1FFAC514B182" box="[707,841,1673,1709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1FFAC272B182" box="[982,1071,1673,1709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1FFAC33AB182" box="[1201,1383,1673,1709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">70-102</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1FFAC012B182" box="[1521,1615,1673,1709]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">96</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151FFACEF1B182" box="[1753,2220,1673,1709]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1FF9C1A4B182" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1760,2041,1674,1709]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91FC8CEF1B1F0" box="[277,2220,1723,1759]" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91FC8C46AB1F0" box="[277,567,1723,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1FC8C514B1F0" box="[707,841,1723,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1FC8C272B1F0" box="[982,1071,1723,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1FC8C33AB1F0" box="[1201,1383,1723,1759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">70-100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1FC8C012B1F0" box="[1521,1615,1723,1759]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">78</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151FC8CEF1B1F0" box="[1753,2220,1723,1759]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1FCFC1B6B1F0" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1760,2027,1724,1759]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref80262" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1975 a. Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad. Caldasia 11 (53): 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1975">Kaufmann (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91F9FCEF1B03F" box="[277,2220,1772,1808]" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91F9FC46AB03F" box="[277,567,1772,1808]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1F9FC514B03F" box="[707,841,1772,1808]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1F9FC272B03F" box="[982,1071,1772,1808]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1F9FC33AB03F" box="[1201,1383,1772,1808]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">70-102</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1F9FC012B03F" box="[1521,1615,1772,1808]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">65</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151F9FCEF1B03F" box="[1753,2220,1772,1808]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Kaufmann (19753)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91E3CCEF1B05E" box="[277,2220,1871,1905]" gridrow="26" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91E3CCEF1B05E" box="[277,2220,1871,1905]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FED71E3CC7D4B05E" bold="true" box="[283,393,1871,1905]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91EF3CEF1B088" box="[277,2220,1920,1959]" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91EF3C46AB088" box="[277,567,1920,1959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1EF3C514B088" box="[707,841,1920,1959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1EF3C272B088" box="[982,1071,1920,1959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1EF3C33AB088" box="[1201,1383,1920,1959]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">79-101</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1EF3C012B088" box="[1521,1615,1920,1959]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97F9E61EF3C016B08A" bold="true" box="[1578,1611,1920,1957]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151EF3CEF1B088" box="[1753,2220,1920,1959]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9131EF0C1C4B088" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1759,1945,1923,1959]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91EC0CEF1B0F7" box="[277,2220,1971,2008]" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91EC0C46AB0F7" box="[277,567,1971,2008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1EC0C514B0F7" box="[707,841,1971,2008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1EC0C272B0F7" box="[982,1071,1971,2008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1EC0C33AB0F7" box="[1201,1383,1971,2008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">81.8-107.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1EC0C012B0F7" box="[1521,1615,1971,2008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151EC0CEF1B0F7" box="[1753,2220,1971,2008]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F92C1EC6C1FBB0F7" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1760,1958,1973,2008]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91E96CEF1BF25" box="[277,2220,2021,2058]" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91E96C46ABF25" box="[277,567,2021,2058]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Natal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1E96C514BF25" box="[707,841,2021,2058]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1E96C272BF25" box="[982,1071,2021,2058]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">84.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1E96C33ABF25" box="[1201,1383,2021,2058]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">71.0-94.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1E96C012BF25" box="[1521,1615,2021,2058]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">23</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151E96CEF1BF25" box="[1753,2220,2021,2058]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9131E94C1E3BF25" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1759,1982,2023,2058]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91164CEF1BF13" box="[277,2220,2071,2108]" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91164C46ABF13" box="[277,567,2071,2108]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Natal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1164C514BF13" box="[707,841,2071,2108]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1164C272BF13" box="[982,1071,2071,2108]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">79.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1164C33ABF13" box="[1201,1383,2071,2108]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">65.1-87.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1164C012BF13" box="[1521,1615,2071,2108]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">23</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151164CEF1BF13" box="[1753,2220,2071,2108]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F913116AC1E7BF13" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1759,1978,2073,2108]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED9113ACEF1BF5F" box="[277,2220,2121,2160]" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED9113AC46ABF5F" box="[277,567,2121,2160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F113AC514BF5F" box="[707,841,2121,2160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A113AC272BF5F" box="[982,1071,2121,2160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">107</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D113AC33ABF5F" box="[1201,1383,2121,2160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB3E1139C34EBF40" bold="true" box="[1266,1299,2122,2159]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D113AC012BF5F" box="[1521,1615,2121,2160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97F9E51138C017BF5F" bold="true" box="[1577,1610,2123,2160]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF915113ACEF1BF5F" box="[1753,2220,2121,2160]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9121138CE0FBF40" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1758,2130,2123,2159]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91108CEF1BF8E" box="[277,2220,2171,2209]" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91108C46ABF8E" box="[277,567,2171,2209]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1108C514BF8E" box="[707,841,2171,2209]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1108C272BF8E" box="[982,1071,2171,2209]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1108C33ABF8E" box="[1201,1383,2171,2209]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB3E110FC34EBF8E" bold="true" box="[1266,1299,2172,2209]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1108C012BF8E" box="[1521,1615,2171,2209]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">156</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151108CEF1BF8E" box="[1753,2220,2171,2209]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F912110ECED7BF8E" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1758,2186,2173,2209]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED911DECEF1BFFC" box="[277,2220,2221,2259]" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED911DEC46ABFFC" box="[277,567,2221,2259]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F11DEC514BFFC" box="[707,841,2221,2259]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A11DEC272BFFC" box="[982,1071,2221,2259]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D11DEC33ABFFC" box="[1201,1383,2221,2259]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">79-105</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D11DEC012BFFC" box="[1521,1615,2221,2259]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">134</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91511DECEF1BFFC" box="[1753,2220,2221,2259]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91211DCCE7BBFFC" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1758,2086,2223,2259]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED911ACCEF1BE2A" box="[277,2220,2271,2309]" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED911ACC46ABE2A" box="[277,567,2271,2309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F11ACC514BE2A" box="[707,841,2271,2309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A11ACC272BE2A" box="[982,1071,2271,2309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">92.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D11ACC33ABE2A" box="[1201,1383,2271,2309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB3E1193C34EBE2A" bold="true" box="[1266,1299,2272,2309]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D11ACC012BE2A" box="[1521,1615,2271,2309]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91511ACCEF1BE2A" box="[1753,2220,2271,2309]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9121192C188BE2B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1758,2005,2273,2308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91062CEF1BE19" box="[277,2220,2321,2358]" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91062C46ABE19" box="[277,567,2321,2358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1062C514BE19" box="[707,841,2321,2358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1062C272BE19" box="[982,1071,2321,2358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">94.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1062C33ABE19" box="[1201,1383,2321,2358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.0-102.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1062C012BE19" box="[1521,1615,2321,2358]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151062CEF1BE19" box="[1753,2220,2321,2358]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9121060C188BE19" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1758,2005,2323,2358]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91030CEF1BE47" box="[277,2220,2371,2408]" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91030C46ABE47" box="[277,567,2371,2408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1030C514BE47" box="[707,841,2371,2408]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1030C272BE47" box="[982,1071,2371,2408]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1030C33ABE47" box="[1201,1383,2371,2408]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">80.7-95.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1030C012BE47" box="[1521,1615,2371,2408]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151030CEF1BE47" box="[1753,2220,2371,2408]" gridcol="5" gridrow="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9111036C188BE47" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1757,2005,2373,2408]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91007CEF1BEB4" box="[277,2220,2420,2459]" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91007C46ABEB4" box="[277,567,2420,2459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1007C514BEB4" box="[707,841,2420,2459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1007C272BEB4" box="[982,1071,2420,2459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1007C33ABEB4" box="[1201,1383,2420,2459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB3D1005C34FBEB4" bold="true" box="[1265,1298,2422,2459]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1007C012BEB4" box="[1521,1615,2420,2459]" gridcol="4" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">154</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151007CEF1BEB4" box="[1753,2220,2420,2459]" gridcol="5" gridrow="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9111004C199BEB5" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1757,1988,2423,2458]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED910D4CEF1BEE2" box="[277,2220,2471,2509]" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED910D4C46ABEE2" box="[277,567,2471,2509]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F10D4C514BEE2" box="[707,841,2471,2509]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A10D4C272BEE2" box="[982,1071,2471,2509]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">94.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D10D4C33ABEE2" box="[1201,1383,2471,2509]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB3C10DBC34CBEE2" bold="true" box="[1264,1297,2472,2509]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D10D4C012BEE2" box="[1521,1615,2471,2509]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">276</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91510D4CEF1BEE2" box="[1753,2220,2471,2509]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91010DACE2FBEE2" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1756,2162,2473,2509]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED910AACEF1BED0" box="[277,2220,2521,2559]" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED910AAC46ABED0" box="[277,567,2521,2559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F10AAC514BED0" box="[707,841,2521,2559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A10AAC272BED0" box="[982,1071,2521,2559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">93.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D10AAC33ABED0" box="[1201,1383,2521,2559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">82.0-106.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D10AAC012BED0" box="[1521,1615,2521,2559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">254</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91510AACEF1BED0" box="[1753,2220,2521,2559]" gridcol="5" gridrow="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91010A8C18EBED0" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1756,2003,2523,2559]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref78530" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1975 a. The marine turtles ofTongaland, VIII. Lammergeyer 22: 9 - 18." type="journal article" year="1975">Hughes (1975a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91379CEF1BD1F" box="[277,2220,2570,2608]" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91379C46ABD1F" box="[277,567,2570,2608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1379C514BD1F" box="[707,841,2570,2608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">SL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1379C272BD1F" box="[982,1071,2570,2608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">87.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1379C33ABD1F" box="[1201,1383,2570,2608]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">76-98</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1379C012BD1F" box="[1521,1615,2570,2608]" gridcol="4" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">320</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151379CEF1BD1F" box="[1753,2220,2570,2608]" gridcol="5" gridrow="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F910137EC18EBD1F" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1756,2003,2573,2608]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref78530" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1975 a. The marine turtles ofTongaland, VIII. Lammergeyer 22: 9 - 18." type="journal article" year="1975">Hughes (1975a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED9131ECEF1BDA0" box="[277,2220,2669,2703]" gridrow="41" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED9131ECEF1BDA0" box="[277,2220,2669,2703]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FEDB131EC450BDA0" bold="true" box="[279,525,2669,2703]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED913ECCEF1BDEA" box="[277,2220,2719,2757]" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED913ECC46ABDEA" box="[277,567,2719,2757]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F13ECC514BDEA" box="[707,841,2719,2757]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A13ECC272BDEA" box="[982,1071,2719,2757]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">80.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D13ECC33ABDEA" box="[1201,1383,2719,2757]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">69.5-95.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D13ECC012BDEA" box="[1521,1615,2719,2757]" gridcol="4" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">27</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91513ECCEF1BDEA" box="[1753,2220,2719,2757]" gridcol="5" gridrow="42" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91613D1CE7DBDEA" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1754,2080,2722,2757]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED913A3CEF1BDD8" box="[277,2220,2768,2807]" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED913A3C46ABDD8" box="[277,567,2768,2807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F13A3C514BDD8" box="[707,841,2768,2807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">NR</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A13A3C272BDD8" box="[982,1071,2768,2807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">81.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D13A3C33ABDD8" box="[1201,1383,2768,2807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FB2213A1C34DBDD8" bold="true" box="[1262,1296,2770,2807]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D13A3C012BDD8" box="[1521,1615,2768,2807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">95</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91513A3CEF1BDD8" box="[1753,2220,2768,2807]" gridcol="5" gridrow="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91613A0C1A8BDD8" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1754,2037,2771,2807]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91240CEF1BC7C" box="[277,2220,2867,2899]" gridrow="44" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91240CEF1BC7C" box="[277,2220,2867,2899]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBCFF97FED91240C7D9BC7C" bold="true" box="[277,388,2867,2899]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED91217CEF1BCA3" box="[277,2220,2916,2956]" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED91217C46ABCA3" box="[277,567,2916,2956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F1217C514BCA3" box="[707,841,2916,2956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A1217C272BCA3" box="[982,1071,2916,2956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">95.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D1217C33ABCA3" box="[1201,1383,2916,2956]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">84-108</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D1217C012BCA3" box="[1521,1615,2916,2956]" gridcol="4" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">380</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF9151217CEF1BCA3" box="[1753,2220,2916,2956]" gridcol="5" gridrow="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F9161217CE7DBCA3" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1754,2080,2916,2956]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBC004CFED912E5CEF1BC91" box="[277,2220,2966,3006]" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBC004CFED912E5C46ABC91" box="[277,567,2966,3006]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFD0F12E5C514BC91" box="[707,841,2966,3006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFC1A12E5C272BC91" box="[982,1071,2966,3006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">95.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFB7D12E5C33ABC91" box="[1201,1383,2966,3006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">80.0-113.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CFA3D12E5C012BC91" box="[1521,1615,2966,3006]" gridcol="4" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">2,207</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBC004CF91512E5CEF1BC91" box="[1753,2220,2966,3006]" gridcol="5" gridrow="46" pageId="36" pageNumber="30">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBCFF97F91512E5C19DBC91" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1753,1984,2966,3006]" pageId="36" pageNumber="30" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B" box="[287,2098,334,372]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" startId="37.[287,384,334,372]" targetBox="[283,2216,416,1183]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="37" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED3183DCE6FB65B" blockId="37.[287,2098,334,372]" box="[287,2098,334,372]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
Table 8.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FE05183DCE6FB65B" box="[457,2098,334,372]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Body mass (kg) offemale loggerhead sea turtles. (Mass is for nesting animals unless otherwise indicated.)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FEEC18D3C1B3B3B2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFBD004CFED718D3CEF5B3B0" box="[283,2216,416,1183]" gridcols="5" gridrows="13" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED718D3CEF5B6EA" box="[283,2216,416,453]" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED718D3C7AAB6EA" box="[283,503,416,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF18D3C501B6EA" box="[771,860,416,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFB8618D3C2A8B6EA" box="[1098,1269,416,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A18D3C044B6EA" box="[1510,1561,416,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FA3F18D3C04CB6EA" box="[1523,1553,416,453]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB18D3CEF5B6EA" box="[1799,2216,416,453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71889CEF5B533" box="[283,2216,506,540]" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71889CEF5B533" box="[283,2216,506,540]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FED11889C7C2B533" bold="true" box="[285,415,506,540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71B51CEF5B565" box="[283,2216,546,586]" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71B51C7AAB565" box="[283,503,546,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1B51C501B565" box="[771,860,546,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">118.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861B51C2A8B565" box="[1098,1269,546,586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">89.7-170.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1B51C044B565" box="[1510,1561,546,586]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">47</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1B51CEF5B565" box="[1799,2216,546,586]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C61B51CEF5B569" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1802,2216,546,582]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71B22CEF5B557" box="[283,2216,593,632]" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71B22C7AAB557" box="[283,503,593,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1B22C501B557" box="[771,860,593,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">116.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861B22C2A8B557" box="[1098,1269,593,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">71.7- 148.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1B22C044B557" box="[1510,1561,593,632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">93</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1B22CEF5B557" box="[1799,2216,593,632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C61B22CEF5B55B" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1802,2216,593,628]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71BF3CEF5B58A" box="[283,2216,640,677]" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71BF3C7AAB58A" box="[283,503,640,677]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1BF3C501B58A" box="[771,860,640,677]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">114.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861BF3C2A8B58A" box="[1098,1269,640,677]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">79.6-180.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1BF3C044B58A" box="[1510,1561,640,677]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">121</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1BF3CEF5B58A" box="[1799,2216,640,677]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C61BF3CEF5B58D" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1802,2216,640,674]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart and Yoder (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71B92CEF5B42C" box="[283,2216,737,771]" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71B92CEF5B42C" box="[283,2216,737,771]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FED21B92C7D6B42C" bold="true" box="[286,395,737,771]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71A78CEF5B41E" box="[283,2216,779,817]" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71A78C7AAB41E" box="[283,503,779,817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1A78C501B41E" box="[771,860,779,817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">106.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861A78C2A8B41E" box="[1098,1269,779,817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">80.9-129.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1A78C044B41E" box="[1510,1561,779,817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">31</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1A78CEF5B41E" box="[1799,2216,779,817]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C61A78C1B9B401" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1802,2020,779,814]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71A4ACEF5B470" box="[283,2216,825,863]" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71A4AC7AAB470" box="[283,503,825,863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1A4AC501B470" box="[771,860,825,863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">118.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861A4AC2A8B470" box="[1098,1269,825,863]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">P- 165.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1A4AC044B470" box="[1510,1561,825,863]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">51</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1A4ACEF5B470" box="[1799,2216,825,863]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C51A4AC19CB472" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1801,1985,825,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71AEACEF5B496" box="[283,2216,921,953]" gridrow="8" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71AEACEF5B496" box="[283,2216,921,953]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FED01AEAC44CB496" bold="true" box="[284,529,921,953]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71AB0CEF5B4C6" box="[283,2216,963,1001]" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71AB0C7AAB4C6" box="[283,503,963,1001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Israel ᵃ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1AB0C501B4C6" box="[771,860,963,1001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">27.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861AB0C2A8B4C6" box="[1098,1269,963,1001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FB491AB7C2F8B4C6" bold="true" box="[1157,1189,964,1001]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1AB0C044B4C6" box="[1510,1561,963,1001]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1AB0CEF5B4C6" box="[1799,2216,963,1001]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C41AB7C1E2B4C8" author="Sella, I." box="[1800,1983,964,999]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref92230" refString="Sella, I. 1982 a. Sea turtles in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Red Sea. Pages 417 - 423 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Sella (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71A9ECEF5B337" box="[283,2216,1005,1048]" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71A9EC7AAB337" box="[283,503,1005,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Turkeyᵇ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1A9EC501B337" box="[771,860,1005,1048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">57.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861A9EC2A8B337" box="[1098,1269,1005,1048]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">40-75</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1A9EC044B337" box="[1510,1561,1005,1048]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FA3A1A81C04AB338" bold="true" box="[1526,1559,1010,1047]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1A9ECEF5B337" box="[1799,2216,1005,1048]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8CB1A81CE13B33B" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1799,2126,1010,1044]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71D20CEF5B35E" box="[283,2216,1107,1137]" gridrow="11" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71D20CEF5B35E" box="[283,2216,1107,1137]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FED71D20C7D4B35E" bold="true" box="[283,393,1107,1137]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFED71DF3CEF5B3B0" box="[283,2216,1152,1183]" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFED71DF3C7AAB3B0" box="[283,503,1152,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCCF1DF3C501B3B0" box="[771,860,1152,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">100.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB861DF3C2A8B3B0" box="[1098,1269,1152,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">70.3-146.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFA2A1DF3C044B3B0" box="[1510,1561,1152,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">112</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8CB1DF3CEF5B3B0" box="[1799,2216,1152,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8C41DF3C1B3B3B2" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1800,2030,1152,1181]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFBDFF96FED21DB0C56DB23E" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[283,2216,416,1183]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED21DB0C417B3C3" blockId="37.[286,816,1219,1297]" box="[286,586,1219,1260]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FED21DB0C77BB3F7" box="[286,294,1219,1240]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFBDFF96FED21DB0C77BB3F7" attach="left" box="[286,294,1219,1240]" fontSize="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">1</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Nonnesting animals.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED21D83C56DB23E" blockId="37.[286,816,1219,1297]" box="[286,816,1264,1297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">""Presumed not to be nesting animals.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" startId="37.[281,379,1464,1497]" targetBox="[279,2211,1597,1899]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="37" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED51CCBC3CDB122" blockId="37.[279,2213,1460,1567]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
Table 9.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FE0F1CCAC3D1B122" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Carapace lengths (cm) of male loggerheads. CL = curved carapace length; SL = straight-line carapace length; NR = method not recorded</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED51F4ECECFB044" blockId="37.[279,2213,1597,1651]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFBD004CFEDB1F4ECEFEB044" box="[279,2211,1597,1899]" gridcols="5" gridrows="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1F4ECEFEB14F" box="[279,2211,1597,1632]" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1F4EC436B14F" box="[279,619,1597,1632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1F4EC596B14F" box="[882,971,1597,1632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1F4EC326B14F" box="[1233,1403,1597,1632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1F4EC0FBB14F" box="[1667,1702,1597,1632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96F94B1F4EC0FBB14F" box="[1671,1702,1597,1632]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CF8601F4ECEFEB14F" box="[1964,2211,1597,1632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1FE2CEFEB19B" box="[279,2211,1681,1716]" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1FE2C436B19B" box="[279,619,1681,1716]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">North Carolina (NR)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1FE2C596B19B" box="[882,971,1681,1716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">104.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1FE2C326B19B" box="[1233,1403,1681,1716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBDFF96FAC11FE2C373B19B" bold="true" box="[1293,1326,1681,1716]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1FE2C0FBB19B" box="[1667,1702,1681,1716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8601FE2CEFEB19B" box="[1964,2211,1681,1716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8611FE2CE34B19B" author="Fahy, W. E." box="[1965,2153,1681,1716]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="157 - 158" refId="ref72577" refString="Fahy, W. E. 1954. Loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, from North Carolina. Copeia 1954: 157 - 158." type="journal article" year="1954">Fahy (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1FCCCEFEB1CD" box="[279,2211,1727,1762]" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1FCCC436B1CD" box="[279,619,1727,1762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Natal (CL)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1FCCC596B1CD" box="[882,971,1727,1762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">86.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1FCCC326B1CD" box="[1233,1403,1727,1762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">79.0-98.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1FCCC0FBB1CD" box="[1667,1702,1727,1762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8601FCCCEFEB1CD" box="[1964,2211,1727,1762]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8611FCCCEDAB1CD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1965,2183,1727,1762]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1F9FCEFEB020" box="[279,2211,1772,1807]" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1F9FC436B020" box="[279,619,1772,1807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Natal (SL)</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1F9FC596B020" box="[882,971,1772,1807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">81.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1F9FC326B020" box="[1233,1403,1772,1807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">75.2-90.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1F9FC0FBB020" box="[1667,1702,1772,1807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">13</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8601F9FCEFEB020" box="[1964,2211,1772,1807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Hughes (19744)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1E69CEFEB013" box="[279,2211,1818,1852]" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1E69C436B013" box="[279,619,1818,1852]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Queensland (CL)ᵃ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1E69C596B013" box="[882,971,1818,1852]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">96.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1E69C326B013" box="[1233,1403,1818,1852]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">89.0-104.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1E69C0FBB013" box="[1667,1702,1818,1852]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">43</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8601E69CEFEB013" box="[1964,2211,1818,1852]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8611E69CECFB013" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1965,2194,1818,1852]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFBD004CFEDB1E32CEFEB044" box="[279,2211,1857,1899]" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFBD004CFEDB1E32C436B044" box="[279,619,1857,1899]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Queensland (CL)ᵇ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFCBE1E32C596B044" box="[882,971,1857,1899]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">96.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CFB1D1E32C326B044" box="[1233,1403,1857,1899]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">95.0-99.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF94F1E32C0FBB044" box="[1667,1702,1857,1899]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFBD004CF8601E32CEFEB044" box="[1964,2211,1857,1899]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8601E32CECFB044" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1964,2194,1857,1899]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFBDFF96FEDB1EE1C51BB0F6" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[279,2211,1597,1899]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FEDB1EE1C463B09D" blockId="37.[279,838,1938,2009]" box="[279,574,1938,1970]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">aAt feeding grounds.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FED41EC0C51BB0F6" blockId="37.[279,838,1938,2009]" box="[280,838,1971,2009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">DCourting at Heron and Wistari Reefs.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FE731235C4A3BC43" blockId="37.[447,766,2886,2924]" box="[447,766,2886,2924]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBDFF96FE731235C4A3BC43" box="[447,766,2886,2924]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">3.1. 4 Fertilization</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FEF012D8C485BCE0" blockId="37.[316,728,2987,3023]" box="[316,728,2987,3023]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Fertilization is internal.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FA6F112AC0CEBF50" blockId="37.[1443,1683,2137,2175]" box="[1443,1683,2137,2175]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBDFF96FA6F112AC0CEBF50" box="[1443,1683,2137,2175]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">3.1. 5 Gonads</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF96FAD211CECEC6BDF7" blockId="37.[1268,2209,2237,2776]" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">
|
||
|
|
A description of the gonads of male and female hatchling loggerheads, including photographs and histological preparations, are provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBDFF96F8CF1051C302BE54" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" pageId="37" pageNumber="31" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">Yntema and Mrosovsky (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. In gross examination, the ovary is an elongated structure extending from anterior to posteromedial on the ventral surface of the kidney. The ventral surface is marked by shallow grooves. The oviduct runs lateral to the ovary and is uniformly 0.05 mm in diameter. In gross appearance, the testis is not markedly different from the ovary, and the oviduct has not regressed. The testis is usually less serrated and smaller than the ovary.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBDFF95FAD11265C5A4B58D" blockId="37.[1266,2206,2838,3027]" lastBlockId="38.[286,1229,334,674]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="37" pageNumber="31">Histologically, the germinal epithelium forms the outer surface of the ovary, and is relatively thick on the ventral surface. The epithelium may form extensions into the medulla, and the germinal epithelium is sharply delineated from the medulla. Small primary cords persist. In the testis, simple squamous epithelium may be on the surface. A delicate tunica albuginea underlies this. Convoluted primary cords form immature seminiferous tubules with diameters 2-4 times that of the regressing cords in females. Even at hatching, complete absorption of the oviduct does not occur.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF95FE071A67C512B414" blockId="38.[459,847,788,827]" box="[459,847,788,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFBEFF95FE071A67C512B414" box="[459,847,788,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">3.1. 6 Nesting Process</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF95FE8B1A09C5D3BD62" blockId="38.[282,1231,890,2637]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95FE8B1A09C410B48D" box="[327,589,890,930]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Beach description.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads nest primarily on continental beaches and secondarily on island beaches. With the exception of Masirah Island, Oman, islands in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and nesting grounds in southern Japan, all major nesting occurs on continental beaches; indeed, three of the four main continental nesting locations (southeastern United States, Australia, and South Africa) are located on the eastern side of their respective continents. The fourth area, southern Turkey, has nesting beaches on the south side of a continental/peninsular land mass. Scattered loggerhead nesting regularly occurs on some islands, such as those in the Mediterranean, the Bahamas, and Cuba. Loggerheads occasionally visit other island and continental beaches at very irregular intervals (
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation id="54EE1788FFBEFF95FCA31F4DC589B14A" box="[879,980,1598,1637]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[265,322,2924,2964]" captionTargetBox="[307,2192,1348,2882]" captionText="Fig. 6. Nesting locations of the loggerhead in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Heavy stippling represents major areas of nesting; light stippling represents areas of lesser but still important nesting concentrations; arrows represent areas with sporadic but consistent nesting, or areas where loggerheads have nested only rarely." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224186/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads nest well up onto the beach above the high-tide line and often within vegetation behind the beach (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FBCE1FD0C2E4B1E5" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1026,1209,1699,1738]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FED21FA6C46FB1D2" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[286,562,1749,1789]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that low dunes backing a high beach increased its desirability as a nesting site.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FB861E74C7C6B04E" author="Bustard, H. R." pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="43 - 44" refId="ref67715" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1968 a. Protection for a rookery. Bundaberg sea turtles. Wildl. Aust. 5 (2): 43 - 44." type="journal article" year="1968">Bustard (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and Hughes (19746) noted the tendency for loggerheads to nest on beaches fronted by or adjacent to outcrops of rocks and subtidal inshore reefs in Australia and South Africa, respectively. Descriptions of representative loggerhead nesting beaches are found in the following sources:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FCD41141C266BF75" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[792,1083,2098,2138]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, South Carolina;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FE2B1117C569BFA4" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[487,820,2148,2187]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Colombia;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FB891117C7C8BF92" author="Bustard, H. R." pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="43 - 44" refId="ref67715" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1968 a. Protection for a rookery. Bundaberg sea turtles. Wildl. Aust. 5 (2): 43 - 44." type="journal article" year="1968">Bustard (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FE6311E5C55CBF92" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" box="[431,769,2198,2237]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="228 - 230" refId="ref68081" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1971. Loggerhead turtle movements. Br. J. Herpetol. 4: 228 - 230." type="journal article" year="1971">Bustard et al. (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FCD611E5C253BF92" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[794,1038,2198,2237]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FED111BBC4F3BFDF" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[285,686,2248,2288]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FD0011BBC276BFDF" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[716,1067,2248,2288]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FB8411BBC7D5BE0D" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19746), Tongaland, South Africa;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FC2E1189C2E2BE0D" author="Bruno, S." box="[994,1215,2298,2338]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref67580" refString="Bruno, S. 1978. Le tartarughe nei mari italiani e nel Mediterraneo. Natura e Montagna No. 3: 5 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1978">Bruno (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Mediterranean; and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FD43105EC529BE7B" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[655,884,2349,2388]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FC5F105EC79CBEA9" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">Williams-Walls et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FE13102CC514BEA9" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[479,841,2399,2438]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FCAC102CC45EBE98" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida. Photographs of typical nesting beaches were provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FD3610B1C5B3BEC6" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr." box="[762,1006,2498,2537]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref81416" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. 1969. The marine turtles of Sanibel and Captiva islands, Florida. Sanibel-Captiva Conserv. Found. Spec. Publ. No. 1." type="book" year="1969">LeBuff (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for Florida,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FED71087C446BD34" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[283,539,2548,2587]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for Australia,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FCD31087C241BD34" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[799,1052,2548,2587]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref78670" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1977. Sea turtles: a guide. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. 24 pp." type="book" year="1977">Hughes (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for South Africa, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FE391355C499BD62" author="Ross, J. P." box="[501,708,2598,2637]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for Oman.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF95FE8F13F9CEFAB414" blockId="38.[282,1227,2698,3038]" lastBlockId="38.[1281,2225,334,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95FE8F13F9C47ABD9E" box="[323,551,2698,2737]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Nesting season.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The nesting season of the loggerhead is confined to the warmer months of the year in the temperate zones, that is, from May through August in the Northern Hemisphere and from October through March in the Southern Hemisphere (Table 4). The closer one approaches the tropics, the more extended is the nesting season. Hence, in south Florida the nesting season extends from April through September. Even in the tropics, the nesting season is generally confined to summer at times of plentiful rainfall, although the season may shift to later in the year at some localities, such as Colombia. The only exception to the apparent summer nesting regime occurs in the Gulf of Mannar in southern India. Here, loggerheads are reported to nest in the fall and early winter during the northeast monsoon when this part of India receives its most rainfall. In nearby Sri Lanka, nesting occurs in midsummer.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF95FAE01A09C0E3B11D" blockId="38.[1282,2227,890,1586]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
In some areas, loggerheads have been reported to nest so infrequently that it is difficult to describe a nesting season. For instance,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95F9A01A92C161B325" author="Schulz, J." box="[1644,1852,993,1034]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref91651" refString="Schulz, J. 1971. Situation report on marine turtles nesting in Surinam. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 68 - 74." type="book chapter" year="1971">Schulz (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95F8971A92C1F8B325" author="Schulz, J." box="[1883,1957,993,1034]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref91688" refString="Schulz, J. 1975. Sea turtles nesting in Surinam. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 143." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95F80E1A92CE4DB325" author="Schulz, J." box="[1986,2064,993,1034]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref91711" refString="Schulz, J. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations nesting in Surinam with notes on sea turtles nesting in Guyana and French Guiana. Pages 435 - 437 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported a loggerhead nesting in Surinam in May 1969, and this is still the only observation of loggerhead nesting in Surinam.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FA751D0FC0F9B38B" author="Fretey, J." box="[1465,1700,1148,1188]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref74396" refString="Fretey, J. 1987. Les tortues de Guyane Francaise. Nature Guyanaise. 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Fretey (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded one nest in August 1983, in French Guiana. In the United States, loggerheads at the northern extent of their nesting range only have been observed nesting in July. The nesting season reflected in Table 4 may be too narrowly defined in some instances, such as reports from Brazil that show nesting only from November to January. It is probable that more extensive surveys would show an expanded nesting season at some locations.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF95FAE71F03CEF0BE0E" blockId="38.[1280,2230,1648,2337]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
Also, there may be questions about the accuracy of species identifications. As previously noted, there has been substantial confusion in the identification of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBEFF95F7871FA6CEEFB1D3" box="[2123,2226,1749,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95F7871FA6CEEFB1D3" box="[2123,2226,1749,1788]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBEFF95FA9C1E74C053B001" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1360,1550,1799,1838]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95FA9C1E74C053B001" box="[1360,1550,1799,1838]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in many areas. Misidentification may account for the rather extended nesting season reported in Panama (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FA141E18C0BAB0BC" author="Cornelius, S. E." box="[1496,1767,1899,1939]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" refId="ref70118" refString="Cornelius, S. E. 1982. Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of Middle America. Pages 211 - 219 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Cornelius 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), since there are questions about the accuracy of reports of the species' presence in Panamanian waters of the eastern Pacific (J. Woody and S. Cornelius, personal communication). Some authors have included a number of species together in discussions of nesting seasons at a particular location (e.g., reports from Trinidad, Cuba, and Tokelau; Table 4); as such, the duration of the nesting season for loggerheads needs further clarification at these locations.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBEFF94FAE4102CC430B4F8" blockId="38.[1278,2228,2399,3039]" lastBlockId="39.[267,1210,337,983]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95FAE4102CC3E8BEAA" box="[1320,1461,2399,2437]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads do not form arribadas as do members of the genus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95F94510E3C10CBE98" box="[1673,1873,2448,2487]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBEFF95F94510E3C110BE98" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1673,1869,2448,2487]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
At areas of concentrated nesting, it also would be imprecise to consider them solitary nesters like
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBEFF95F9781087CE4BBD35" box="[1716,2070,2548,2586]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="32">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBEFF95F9781087CE4CBD35" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[1716,2065,2548,2586]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">Eretmochelys imbricata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Instead, the rule is for many turtles to overlap in beach use, both spatially and temporally, but without implications of social behavior. Loggerheads also may nest as solitary individuals at some locations, but the significance of this behavior to the nesting biology of the species is unknown. Nesting most often occurs several hours after sunset (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FA441221C0DBBC55" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1416,1670,2898,2938]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
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), but may occur at any time of the night. Daytime nesting has been reported by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95FB3212C4C02ABCF0" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1278,1655,2999,3039]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
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Ä),
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBEFF95F97312C4CEC2BCF0" author="Hoffman, W. & T. H. Fritts" box="[1727,2207,2999,3039]" pageId="38" pageNumber="32" pagination="405 - 409" refId="ref77468" refString="Hoffman, W., and T. H. Fritts. 1982. Sea turtle distribution along the boundary of the Gulf Stream current off eastern Florida. Herpetologica 38: 405 - 409." type="journal article" year="1982">Fritts and Hoffman (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEC21822C429B655" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[270,628,337,378]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
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, and
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FD2B1822C725B683" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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in the United States, and by
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FCBC18F7C230B683" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[880,1133,388,428]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
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and
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEC118C5C436B6F1" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[269,619,438,478]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
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in Australia. Both
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC7618C5C2E5B6F1" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[954,1208,438,478]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
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and
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FE96189BC579B520" author="Hoffman, W. & T. H. Fritts" box="[346,804,488,527]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="405 - 409" refId="ref77468" refString="Hoffman, W., and T. H. Fritts. 1982. Sea turtle distribution along the boundary of the Gulf Stream current off eastern Florida. Herpetologica 38: 405 - 409." type="journal article" year="1982">Fritts and Hoffman (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
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noted the tendency for diurnal nestings to be associated with high tides. Ifhigh tides occur near dawn, some females may beach during the early hours of daylight (
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FD1F1B0DC5E8B589" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[723,949,638,678]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC1F1B0DC72AB5F5" author="Margaritoulis. D." pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
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reported three females on the beach of Zakynthos, Greece, at dawn that returned to the water within 30 min. No details of nesting or tides were presented. Afternoon nesting has only been reported for two females in Florida (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FDBC1A0EC5E1B48A" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[624,956,893,933]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC2C1A0EC400B4F8" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FEFA1D60C267BF7F" blockId="39.[263,1210,1043,2128]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
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Some authors have reported that loggerhead emergences are associated with tidal cycles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FBFE1D36C706B38F" author="Bustard, H. R." pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref68006" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1979. Population dynamics of sea turtles. Pages 523 - 540 in M. Harless and H. Morlock (eds.), Turtles, perspectives and research, John Wiley & Sons, NY." type="book" year="1979">Bustard 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEB51D0BC41FB38F" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[377,578,1144,1184]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="95 - 96" refId="ref73387" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1981. Correlation of nesting attempts of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta, with tidal cycles: a final word? ASB Bull. 28: 95 - 96 (Abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">Frazer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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) while others could find no correlation (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEA31DD9C434B3FD" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[367,617,1194,1234]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FD471DD9C211B3FD" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[651,1100,1194,1234]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Still others found that correlations with tidal cycles varied from year to year (Dean and Talbert 1975
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FBD61C7DC268B219" box="[1050,1077,1294,1334]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FB841C7DC731B248" author="Frazer, N. B." pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="516 - 519" refId="ref73459" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 a. Effect of tidal cycles on loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, emerging from the sea. Copeia 1983: 516 - 519." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FE431C4CC4B0B248" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[399,749,1343,1383]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FCDA1C4CC240B248" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[790,1053,1343,1383]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref68006" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1979. Population dynamics of sea turtles. Pages 523 - 540 in M. Harless and H. Morlock (eds.), Turtles, perspectives and research, John Wiley & Sons, NY." type="book" year="1979">Bustard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
thought emergences were associated with tides when the tidal cycles were pronounced. In a review of the question,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEC71CA5C45BB2D2" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[267,518,1494,1533]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="516 - 519" refId="ref73459" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 a. Effect of tidal cycles on loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, emerging from the sea. Copeia 1983: 516 - 519." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
concurred with
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FCE61CA5C271B2D2" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[810,1068,1494,1533]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref68006" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1979. Population dynamics of sea turtles. Pages 523 - 540 in M. Harless and H. Morlock (eds.), Turtles, perspectives and research, John Wiley & Sons, NY." type="book" year="1979">Bustard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, noting that in areas with small tidal ranges (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC631F74C2FAB100" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[943,1191,1543,1583]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEC61F4AC4EBB14F" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[266,694,1593,1632]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), such correlations do not occur. In essence, areas with high tide amplitudes show a correlation of emergence with high tides; beaches of similar slope but with lower tidal amplitudes show no such correlations (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FDA61E73C53CB008" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[618,865,1792,1831]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="516 - 519" refId="ref73459" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 a. Effect of tidal cycles on loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, emerging from the sea. Copeia 1983: 516 - 519." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC581E73C2E9B008" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[916,1204,1792,1831]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that excessive rainfall may discourage nesting, and that there was no correlation between nesting and phases of the moon.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FDB91EE7C504B095" author="Routa, R. A." box="[629,857,1940,1978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref90634" refString="Routa, R. A. 1968. Sea turtle nest survey of Hutchinson Island, Florida. Q, J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 30: 287 - 294." type="journal article" year="1968">Routa (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FC741EE7C72DB0C2" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also could not correlate nesting with moon phases although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FE671E8BC4FDBF30" author="Uchida, I." box="[427,672,2040,2079]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="472 - 476" refId="ref95141" refString="Uchida, I. 1981. Reproductive biology and conservation of Pacific loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) in Japan. Saishu to Shiiku 43: 472 - 476 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1981">Uchida (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that nesting was strongly correlated with the period of the full moon.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FEFC11FEC26ABCFD" blockId="39.[263,1203,2189,3026]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
As with other sea turtles, nest site selection is a complicated process that is not well-understood. Many beach workers have noted that female loggerheads plow sand with the underside of the neck followed by laying the head flat against the ground as they ascend the beach (" sand nuzzling ").
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FD9B10F6C2EFBE82" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & J. I. Richardson" box="[599,1202,2437,2477]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="238 - 241" refId="ref94072" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., and J. I. Richardson. 1981. Observations on the role of temperature in loggerhead nest site selection. Copeia 1981: 238 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Stoneburner and Richardson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
related sand nuzzling behavior to attempts by the female to assess thermal cues. When abrupt temperature differentials of 2.05°C to 3.55° C in the dry beach zone were encountered, the females proceeded to nest; if such were not encountered, the females returned to the sea.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FEC413DDC5D4BDF8" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & J. I. Richardson" box="[264,905,2734,2775]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="238 - 241" refId="ref94072" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., and J. I. Richardson. 1981. Observations on the role of temperature in loggerhead nest site selection. Copeia 1981: 238 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Stoneburner and Richardson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that such temperature differentials occurred over a short distance (<0.5 m). The highest nesting densities in the Cape Canaveral, FL, area are associated with steeply sloped beaches and a gradual rather than abrupt increase in offshore depth (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FDEC12D9C27BBCFD" author="Provancha, J. A. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[544,1062,2986,3026]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref88994" refString="Provancha, J. A., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1987. Sea turtle nesting trends at John F. Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and relationships with factors influencing nest site selection. Pages 33 - 44 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Provancha and Ehrhart 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FADB1822C30DB317" blockId="39.[1259,2204,337,1080]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FADB1822C3CCB657" box="[1303,1425,337,376]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">Nesting.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
General descriptions of loggerhead nesting may be found in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F9E018F0C15DB685" author="Mast, S. O." box="[1580,1792,387,426]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref84478" refString="Mast, S. O. 1911. Behavior of the loggerhead turtle in depositing its eggs. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1911">Mast (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Florida;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F87218F0CED6B685" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1982,2187,387,426]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Caldwell et al. (19596), southeastern United States, including photographs of various nesting behaviors;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FB231B69C3B4B56E" author="Litwin, S. C." box="[1263,1513,538,577]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="18 - 21" refId="ref82996" refString="Litwin, S. C. 1978. Loggerhead sea turtles of Jekyll Island, Georgia; a report on conservation. HERP Bull. N. Y. Herpetol. Soc. 14: 18 - 21." type="journal article" year="1978">Litwin (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Georgia;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F9001B69CE5CB56E" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1740,2049,538,577]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F7FE1B69CED8B56E" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[2098,2181,538,577]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Colombia;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FA091B3FC13DB55C" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1477,1888,588,627]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Australia; and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FB211B0DC015B589" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1261,1608,638,678]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, Greece, including diagram.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F7F21B0DC305B5F6" author="Hirth, H. F." pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that the average duration of nestingrelated activities on land is 1.8 h for
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94F8861B97C1E4B424" box="[1866,1977,740,779]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFBFFF94F8861B97C1F2B424" box="[1866,1967,740,779]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
but Geldiay, et al. (1982) only gave 45-60 min for loggerheads in Turkey, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FA1B1A39C156B45E" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1495,1803,842,881]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that nesting required 60 min in Colombia.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F9131A0ECE63B48B" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1759,2110,893,932]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave an average total nesting duration of 2.5 h for Australian loggerheads, but noted that it may be completed in only 1.5 h.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FADA1D04CE05B3FE" blockId="39.[1260,2200,1143,1233]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94FADA1D04C02FB3B0" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1302,1650,1143,1183]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
divided the nesting process into nine stages. These are briefly outlined as follows:
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FB231C7DC186B1BD" blockId="39.[1258,2202,1294,1682]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
1.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FAD21C7DC006B21B" box="[1310,1627,1294,1332]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">Approach to the beach.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads approach the beach to the shallow water, rest on the bottom, and extend the head to view the beach. They remain for a short but variable period of time, carefully scanning the beach. At this stage, the turtle is most sensitive to disturbance, and will rapidly turn and swim away if danger is present. They may be spooked by lights or moving objects silhouetted on the horizon.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FB271FBDC3BBBE36" blockId="39.[1256,2198,1742,2329]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
2.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FAD21FBDC016B1DA" box="[1310,1611,1742,1781]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">Ascent of the beach.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Ascent of the beach occurs in a series of forward movements interspersed with short pauses. The head is held low during forward motion and it often makes a furrow in the sand (" sand smelling " or "nuzzling "). During pauses, the head is raised as if surveying the surroundings. Flipper action is synchronous, employing a "terrestrial gait" such that the right front flipper moves in conjunction with the left rear flipper. At this time, the female's body temperature averages 1.9-3.2 ° C above the ambient water temperature, probably through muscular exertion (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F87611B3C388BE36" author="Sapsford, C. W. & R. Hughes" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="63 - 69" refId="ref91127" refString="Sapsford, C. W., andG. R. Hughes. 1978. Body temperature of the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta and the leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea during nesting. Zool. Afr. 13: 63 - 69." type="journal article" year="1978">Sapsford and Hughes 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF94FB2B1026CE59BD88" blockId="39.[1254,2195,2389,2727]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
3.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FAEE1026C399BE54" box="[1314,1476,2389,2427]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">Wandering.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
In some instances, the female will wander over considerable distances before nesting or returning to the sea. The head is often lowered to the sand, presumably testing for thermal cues (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F8BC10A4C07CBD6B" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" pagination="238 - 241" refId="ref94072" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., and J. I. Richardson. 1981. Observations on the role of temperature in loggerhead nest site selection. Copeia 1981: 238 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Stoneburner and Richardson 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFBFFF94F998136FC1F3BD6B" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[1620,1966,2588,2628]" pageId="39" pageNumber="33" refId="ref64533" refString="Anonymous. 1977. National monument: the loggerhead turtle. Ecological research report, Educational Committee of the City of Omaezaki, Japan, 22 pp. (In Japanese)." title="National monument: the loggerhead turtle" type="book" year="1977">Anonymous (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a diagram of the wanderings of 10 loggerheads prior to selecting a nest site and returning to the sea.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFBFFF9BFB2A1390C59FB402" blockId="39.[1254,2194,2787,3027]" lastBlockId="40.[300,1247,316,813]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">
|
||
|
|
4.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFBFFF94FAD01390C004BC24" box="[1308,1625,2787,2827]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="33">Digging the body pit.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Body pits may be begun with a minimum of exploratory digging. In loggerheads, the body pit is shallow, poorly developed, and deeper at the rear, with the head and front flippers often not below the front of the pit. In all cases, the carapace is still well above the surrounding sand. Both rear flippers work in opposition, that is, as one pushes posteriorly, the other moves forward. The front flippers are not used much during the nesting process, resulting in a pile of sand halfway toward the posterior of the shell. These piles remain until filling occurs. The front flippers clear sand in an arc of about 180°; the rear flippers in an arc of 70-80°. Construction of the shallow body pit usually takes 6-10 min but may take more or less time depending upon the consistency of the sand.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFEE11AF7C5C0B0D4" blockId="40.[299,1246,900,2043]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
5.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB0FF9BFEAD1AF7C494B483" box="[353,713,900,940]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">Digging the egg chamber.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The rear flippers change from pushing sand posteriorly to a downward digging action comprising two distinct flipper actions. The first loosens the sand by a rotating movement, while the second digs into the sand and scoops it out and carries it to the side where it is dumped. The front flippers serve to anchor the turtle as the posterior of the body swivels from side to side to allow the digging flipper to be directly over the egg chamber. Digging is fairly rapid and continuous as the digging flippers are alternated from side to side. One rear flipper digs while the other anchors the turtle and prevents sand deposited from the previous cycle from tumbling back into the chamber. Each cycle of movement takes from 27-37 s (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFCA01F67C298B115" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[876,1221,1556,1594]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Short rests (5-10 s in duration) are periodically taken. As the egg chamber deepens, the turtle pushes up with its front flippers to increase the inclination of the rear part of its body. When the flippers are unable to reach more sand from the bottom of the chamber, flipper action changes to remove sand from the bottom sides of the chamber. This results in a flask-shaped nest cavity.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFEE71ED7C43EB0E5" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[299,611,1956,1994]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the female only needed 10- 15 min to dig the egg chamber.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFEE71122C548BCE9" blockId="40.[296,1242,2129,3014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
6.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB0FF9BFE931122C45FBF58" box="[351,514,2129,2167]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">Egg laying.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Egg laying commences 15-20 s after completion of the egg chamber. Eggs are dropped singly or in groups of two or three. At the end of egg laying, eggs may fill from 50 % to 100 % of the egg chamber. Clear mucus often accompanies the eggs as they drop into the chamber, but the female does not urinate on the nest. Up to the point of egg laying, turtles may be easily frightened and abandon nesting and return to the sea. However, as egg laying progresses, the threshold to abandon the nesting sequence increases considerably (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFEFB1337C421BD45" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[311,636,2628,2666]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Egg laying in Colombia took from 7 min (96 eggs) to 25 min (71 eggs) with an average of 14 min, 48 s (TV = 38 turtles;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFC5013D4C29FBDE1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[924,1218,2727,2766]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFEE513AAC421BDD0" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[297,636,2777,2815]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported egg laying lasts 16-22 min for clutches ofbetween 113 and 138 eggs.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFC221279C7CCBC4D" author="Margaritoulis. D." pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported eggs were laid at the rate of 8.5 per min, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFE5D121DC42DBCBB" author="Cribb, R. B." box="[401,624,2926,2964]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref70275" refString="Cribb, R. B. 1978. Aspects of the nesting behaviour of sea turtles, Tryon Island. Queensl. Nat. 22: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">Cribb (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated eggs or groups of eggs were dropped at 5 -10 s intervals.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFADD1848CE17B4EB" blockId="40.[1294,2242,315,964]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
7.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB0FF9BFA841848C1DCB64C" box="[1352,1921,315,355]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">Covering and packing the egg chamber.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
After egg laying, the female rests from 1 -3 min before beginning to cover the eggs. The rear flippers move one at a time medially under the body in a 45° arc. The female stabilizes herself on one knee, then gently sweeps sand over the eggs with the knee and flipper of the other leg. Each flipper makes one or several strokes before the other one takes over. After a few minutes, the flippers begin to make wider arcs and the action becomes more vigorous. Sand is packed down over the chamber through the action of the knees rocked from side to side. The front flippers are used to stabilize the body but are not used in the covering process. Packing requires 10- 15 min.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFAC31D71C03DB1C6" blockId="40.[1294,2237,1026,1769]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
8.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB0FF9BFA8F1D71C183B305" box="[1347,2014,1026,1066]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">Filling the body pit and concealing the nest site.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
After packing is completed, the front flippers begin to throw sand backwards as the turtle slowly moves forward, filling in behind as she goes.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF9AE1DE8C198B3ED" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1634,1989,1179,1218]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the front flippers can throw sand a considerable distance (termed "sand spraying ") onto the female's carapace and to the area behind the nest. This action carries the shallow body pit forward, thus disguising the actual location of the nest chamber. An elongated area of disturbed sand 3.4 m x 1.3 m results, but the area may be larger. Flippers may be operated concurrently or they may be alternated in an unpredictable manner. Eventually the female relies more on the front flippers than the rear flippers. From 26-45 min may be spent covering and disguising the nest.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFAC21E55C321BE16" blockId="40.[1292,2236,1830,2361]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
9.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB0FF9BFA881E55C01FB062" box="[1348,1602,1830,1869]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">Return to the sea.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Turtles will suddenly stop their filling actions, raise their heads, and look around the beach. The journey down the beach is usually then completed rapidly.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF9EB1EC8C1FCB0CD" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1575,1953,1979,2018]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that the female will travel at the rate of 10 m in 30-45
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF79E1E9EC382BF6A" author="Mast, S. O." pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref84478" refString="Mast, S. O. 1911. Behavior of the loggerhead turtle in depositing its eggs. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1911">s, and Mast (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated the rate of movement at 0.5 mi per h. The turtle may pause briefly as she travels to the water, and again at the water's edge. After swimming several meters, the female raises her head and takes a single inspiration before disappearing beneath the waves.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB0FF9BFAFA100FC090BCE9" blockId="40.[1289,2233,2428,3014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFAFA100FC0C3BE8C" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1334,1694,2428,2467]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the digging cycle is a very stereotyped behavior. Injured turtles will still go through the digging motions even when flippers are missing or deformed, or when impenetrable objects such as large stones are encountered.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF8FE1337CE76BD44" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1842,2091,2628,2667]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" refId="ref68467" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 a. Sea turtles in Baja Californian waters (with special reference to those of the Gulf of California), and the description of a new subspecies of northeastern Pacific green turtle. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 61, 31 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
/?) noted that one female with a deformed rear flipper laid her eggs on a flat beach below the dunes after several unsuccessful attempts to dig a nest chamber. Loggerheads also occasionally deposit part of a clutch, begin covering, then deposit additional eggs (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF899124FCEF4BC4C" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1877,2217,2876,2915]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BFAC6121DC3A9BCBA" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1290,1524,2926,2965]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" refId="ref68467" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 a. Sea turtles in Baja Californian waters (with special reference to those of the Gulf of California), and the description of a new subspecies of northeastern Pacific green turtle. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 61, 31 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB0FF9BF9E0121DC140BCBA" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1580,1821,2926,2965]" pageId="40" pageNumber="34" refId="ref68467" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 a. Sea turtles in Baja Californian waters (with special reference to those of the Gulf of California), and the description of a new subspecies of northeastern Pacific green turtle. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 61, 31 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä) suggested these might be inexperienced females.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB1FF9AFEE31827C22FB22B" blockId="41.[258,1201,340,1284]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">
|
||
|
|
One difference from the generalized nesting sequence above is the number of eggs deposited at a time. Most authors report 1 -3 eggs, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFCA118CAC2EDB6CE" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[877,1200,441,481]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported 2-4 eggs per sequence with single eggs deposited rarely. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFCC11B6DC211B569" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[781,1100,542,582]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
later noted that 25 % of the eggs were deposited singly, 43 % in twos, 23 % in threes, 8 % in fours, and <1 % in fives.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFEC91BC6C41FB5F1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[261,578,693,734]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also reported that the ovipositor swings back and forth so that no egg drops on others previously laid, and speculated that the mucus secreted during egg-laying may function to avoid encrustation of the cloacal opening with sand. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFC4A1A0CC2F3B489" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[902,1198,895,934]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and Caldwell et al. (19596) noted that females produce copious tears while nesting and that they may produce an audible "huff or snort with each egg-producing effort.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFE991D34C471B35F" author="Cribb, R. B." box="[341,556,1095,1136]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref70275" refString="Cribb, R. B. 1978. Aspects of the nesting behaviour of sea turtles, Tryon Island. Queensl. Nat. 22: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">Cribb (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the female breathed deeply as she extruded eggs. While
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFD3F1D09C5E0B38E" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[755,957,1146,1185]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads may pound the site to pack loose sand, this behavior has not been observed by other authors.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB1FF9AFEE61C31C3EBB56C" blockId="41.[251,1201,1346,3031]" lastBlockId="41.[1253,2193,340,579]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">
|
||
|
|
Aborted nesting attempts (" false crawls ") are a common feature of loggerhead nesting, and have been observed at all nesting beaches with the exception of those in Queensland, Australia. False crawls include emergences that result in the female making no nesting attempts, digging one or more body pits without nesting, and even digging a nest chamber without depositing eggs. Nesting may be aborted from human disturbance, improper beach substrate characteristics such as may occur on artificially restored beaches (Raymond 19846), improper temperature cues (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFD2B1E47C7C2B0A2" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="238 - 241" refId="ref94072" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., and J. I. Richardson. 1981. Observations on the role of temperature in loggerhead nest site selection. Copeia 1981: 238 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Stoneburner and Richardson 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), or other factors known only to the turtle. Raymond (19846) reported that from 46 % to 49 % of emergences
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFE2D1EBAC44DB0DF" box="[481,528,1993,2032]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 1,898) resulted in false crawls (34 % -36 % with no body pit; 12 % with one body pit; 1 % with more than one body pit) on nonrestored beaches.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFE51112EC4A3BFAA" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[413,766,2141,2181]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that 532 of 1,290 (40.5 %) emergences between 1972 and 1976 were false crawls, and that they ranged from 28.7 % in 1972 to 47.7 % in 1975. Nearly all body pits contained nests (range 86.4%-95.6%, average = 90.4%).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFC221055C793BEAF" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">Andre and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported 71 % of emergences resulted in false crawls, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFD8F10F9C51ABE9D" author="Crouse, D. T." box="[579,839,2442,2482]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="143 - 155" refId="ref70305" refString="Crouse, D. T. 1984 a. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in North Carolina: applications of an aerial survey. Biol. Conserv. 29: 143 - 155." type="journal article" year="1984">Crouse (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that about half of the emergences resulted in nests.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFC1E10CFC738BD3A" author="Stoneburner, D. L." pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref93897" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1981. Summary of the loggerhead sea turtle research project conducted at Canaveral National Seashore, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore: A final report 1980. NPS Res. / Resour. Manage. Rep. No. 39." type="book" year="1981">Stoneburner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave the following percentages of false crawls for the 1979-1980 seasons: 30.8 %
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFCA41353C5CABD67" box="[872,919,2592,2632]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 1,317) at Canaveral National Seashore, FL; 41.2 %
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFC261321C21FBD55" box="[1002,1090,2642,2682]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
721) at Cumberland Island National Seashore, GA; and 50.4 %
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFEB413C5C796BDF2" box="[376,459,2742,2781]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
119) at Cape Lookout National Seashore, NC.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFEAF139BC41ABC20" author="Lund, F." box="[355,583,2792,2831]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
only noted 10.5 % false crawls
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFF301269C70FBC6E" box="[252,338,2842,2881]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
3,110) on a protected beach in Florida. In South Africa,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFEB3123FC481BC5C" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[383,732,2892,2931]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported 45 % false crawls
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFF30120DC713BC8A" box="[252,334,2942,2981]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
645), and that there was a tendency for more false crawls to occur in bad weather. In contrast,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFBEF12C3C313B652" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1059,1358,340,3031]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that loggerheads in Queensland decide the suitability of the nesting beach prior to emergence, and that there were no false crawls; unsuccessful nesting attempts were attributed in all cases to a specific disturbance.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB1FF9AFAC21BF1C0F7B4F8" blockId="41.[1250,2195,642,983]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">
|
||
|
|
Most females that are unsuccessful in nesting during an emergence return later the same night or following night, or at most within a few days, to make another nesting attempt.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF9D61A69C140B46E" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1562,1821,794,833]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported a mean of 1.082 days
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFA601A3FC381B45B" box="[1452,1500,844,884]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 319) and that 87.5 % of the females were reported back on the same beach they previously had attempted to nest on.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB1FF9AFAC51D65C3D9BE60" blockId="41.[1243,2189,1046,2383]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB1FF9AFAC51D65C045B312" box="[1289,1560,1046,1085]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">Multiple nesting.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads are known to nest anywhere from one to six times in a nesting season (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFB2E1D09C3F5B38E" author="Lund, F." box="[1250,1448,1146,1185]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), with a record of seven nests in a season by a female in Georgia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF9551DDFC1B9B3FC" author="Lenarz, M. S. & N. B. Frazer & M. S. Ralston & R. B. Mast" box="[1689,2020,1196,1235]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref81675" refString="Lenarz, M. S., N. B. Frazer, M. S. Ralston, and R. B. Mast. 1981. Seven nests recorded for loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in one season. Herpetol. Rev. 12: 9." type="journal volume" year="1981">Lenarz et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF7C61DDFC311B22A" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also noted that Australian loggerheads nested from one to six times per season, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF7C51C63C306B245" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that Tongaland loggerheads normally nested four to five times per season. Kaufmann (19756) reported Colombian loggerheads could nest at least four times a season and possibly more.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF8E61CAACED6B2D0" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[1834,2187,1497,1535]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">Margaritoulis (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
could only confirm 1 -3 nests per season, and suggested that loggerheads did not remain the entire nesting season at a nesting site.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF9C81F1DC102B1BA" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[1540,1887,1646,1685]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that South Carolina loggerheads generally nested from 2-3 times per year, with a range of 1 -6.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF9111FA2C3D2B006" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated 2.5 nests per female per season in Georgia, although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF9E01E47C121B074" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[1580,1916,1844,1883]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref93897" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1981. Summary of the loggerhead sea turtle research project conducted at Canaveral National Seashore, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore: A final report 1980. NPS Res. / Resour. Manage. Rep. No. 39." type="book" year="1981">Stoneburner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
only estimated 1.84- 1.97 nests per female per year for the same area. Frazer and Richardson (19856), again working on Little Cumberland Island, GA, reported yearly variation in estimated clutch frequency from 2.81 in 1982 to 4.18 in 1979 between the years 1974 and 1983.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF83E115FC3F0BFAA" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
verified two nestings per season in Japan.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFB1111E3C3E5BF98" author="Lund, F." box="[1245,1464,2192,2231]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that experienced females (i. e., remigrants) produced more clutches per year than presumed novice nesters (1.61 vs. 1.37 nests per female per year).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB1FF99FAC810F8C4A0BECE" blockId="41.[1241,2187,2443,3032]" lastBlockId="42.[301,1243,1992,2529]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="41" pageNumber="35">
|
||
|
|
The internesting interval of loggerheads varies, but is generally about 14 d depending on location (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB1FF9AFB25109CC3D4BD39" box="[1257,1417,2543,2582]" captionStart="Table 10" captionStartId="42.[301,400,331,369]" captionTargetBox="[302,2237,418,1736]" captionText="Table 10. Internesting interval reported for female loggerhead sea turtles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E">Table 10</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The longest internesting interval is that of 18-28 d (x = 23.4) reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF8D21352CEDBBD66" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1822,2182,2593,2633]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for Turkish loggerheads, and the shortest is 9 d reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFADE13F6C053BD82" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1298,1550,2693,2733]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
in Queensland, Australia. With the exception of Limpus' (1985) study, most sample sizes are small, and often the internesting interval appears to be based on casual observations rather than detailed analysis of tag returns. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AF91D123ECEDBBC5B" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1745,2182,2893,2932]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB1FF9AFAE5120CC145BC89" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" box="[1321,1816,2943,2982]" pageId="41" pageNumber="35" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">Williams-Walls et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that an influx of cool water during the onset of the nesting season can increase the internesting interval. During the internesting period, the female remains offshore in the general vicinity of the nesting beach (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FC66115EC7D9BFA8" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FE7E1113C494BFA8" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[434,713,2144,2183]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported feeding during the internesting interval, but has since concluded that within-season weight gains are due to other causes (Limpus, personal communication to A. B. Meylan).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FEE21054C46FBE61" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[302,562,2343,2382]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested an abundant food source during the internesting period might be a major criterion in the establishment of a loggerhead rookery, but this is apparently not the case.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E" box="[301,1440,331,369]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" startId="42.[301,400,331,369]" targetBox="[302,2237,418,1736]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="42" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FEE11838C3FDB65E" blockId="42.[301,2239,331,381]" box="[301,1440,331,369]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
Table 10.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FE221838C3C4B65E" box="[494,1433,331,369]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Internesting interval reported for female loggerhead sea turtles</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FEE318D1C144B1E7" blockId="42.[300,2239,418,472]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB2004CFEE218D1CEE0B1E7" box="[302,2237,418,1736]" gridcols="5" gridrows="24" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE218D1CEE0B6ED" box="[302,2237,418,450]" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE218D1C418B6ED" box="[302,581,418,450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B18D1C50DB6ED" box="[759,848,418,450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFBC818D1C235B6ED" box="[1028,1128,418,450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFAD018D1C322B6ED" box="[1308,1407,418,450]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FAF318D1C306B6ED" box="[1343,1371,418,450]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE18D1CEE0B6ED" box="[1586,2237,418,450]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21885CEE0B537" box="[302,2237,502,536]" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21885CEE0B537" box="[302,2237,502,536]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FEE21885C7ECB537" bold="true" box="[302,433,502,536]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21B6DCEE0B569" box="[302,2237,542,582]" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21B6DC418B569" box="[302,581,542,582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1B6DC50DB569" box="[759,848,542,582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81B6DC235B569" box="[1028,1128,542,582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FBE91B6DC21BB56C" bold="true" box="[1061,1094,542,579]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01B6DC322B569" box="[1308,1407,542,582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1B6DCEE0B569" box="[1586,2237,542,582]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1B6CC128B56D" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[1586,1909,543,578]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21B3FCEE0B55A" box="[302,2237,588,629]" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21B3FC418B55A" box="[302,581,588,629]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1B3FC50DB55A" box="[759,848,588,629]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81B3FC235B55A" box="[1028,1128,588,629]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">12-15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01B3FC322B55A" box="[1308,1407,588,629]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">26</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1B3FCEE0B55A" box="[1586,2237,588,629]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Caldwell et al. (19596); Caldwell (19626)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21B08CEE0B58E" box="[302,2237,635,673]" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21B08C418B58E" box="[302,581,635,673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1B08C50DB58E" box="[759,848,635,673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FD3B1B08C545B58F" bold="true" box="[759,792,635,672]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81B08C235B58E" box="[1028,1128,635,673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">12-14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01B08C322B58E" box="[1308,1407,635,673]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FA811B08C332B58F" bold="true" box="[1357,1391,635,672]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1B08CEE0B58E" box="[1586,2237,635,673]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1B0FC1C7B5B1" author="Gallagher, R. M. & M. L. Hollinger & R. M. Ingle & C. R. Futch" box="[1586,1946,636,670]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref75191" refString="Gallagher, R. M., M. L. Hollinger, R. M. Ingle, and C. R. Futch. 1972. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1971. Fla. Dep. Nat. Resour. Mar. Res. Lab. Spec. Sei. Rep. No. 37, 11 pp." type="book" year="1972">Gallagher et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21BD4CEE0B5E0" box="[302,2237,679,719]" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21BD4C418B5E0" box="[302,581,679,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1BD4C50DB5E0" box="[759,848,679,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81BD4C235B5D3" box="[1028,1128,679,764]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
11-17
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FBEA1BA4C21AB5D3" bold="true" box="[1062,1095,727,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01BD4C322B5E0" box="[1308,1407,679,719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
18
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB2FF99FAA31BD4C322B595" attach="none" box="[1391,1407,679,698]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1BD4CEE0B5D3" box="[1586,2237,679,764]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1BDAC1E6B5E3" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1586,1979,681,716]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1BA4C18CB5D5" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1586,2001,727,762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21BA7CEE0B5D3" box="[302,2237,724,764]" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21BA7C418B5D3" box="[302,581,724,764]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1BA7C50DB5D3" box="[759,848,724,764]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">12</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01BA7C322B5D3" box="[1308,1407,724,764]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
34
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB2FF99FABC1BA7C322B5C8" attach="none" box="[1392,1407,724,743]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21A77CEE0B405" box="[302,2237,772,810]" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21A77C418B405" box="[302,581,772,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1A77C50DB405" box="[759,848,772,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81A77C235B405" box="[1028,1128,772,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">11-20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01A77C322B405" box="[1308,1407,772,810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FA821A77C332B406" bold="true" box="[1358,1391,772,809]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1A77CEE0B405" box="[1586,2237,772,810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1A76C1ACB407" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" box="[1586,2033,773,808]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">Williams-Walls et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21A5DCEE0B476" box="[302,2237,814,857]" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21A5DC418B476" box="[302,581,814,857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1A5DC50DB476" box="[759,848,814,857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13-15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81A5DC235B476" box="[1028,1128,814,857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01A5DC322B476" box="[1308,1407,814,857]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FABE1A5DC320B467" bold="true" box="[1394,1405,814,840]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">c</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1A5DCEE0B476" box="[1586,2237,814,857]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1A47C0AAB477" author="Lund, F." box="[1587,1783,820,856]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21A12CEE0B4A7" box="[302,2237,865,904]" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21A12C418B4A7" box="[302,581,865,904]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1A12C50DB4A7" box="[759,848,865,904]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">15.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81A12C235B4A7" box="[1028,1128,865,904]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FBEA1A12C21AB4A9" bold="true" box="[1062,1095,865,902]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01A12C322B4A7" box="[1308,1407,865,904]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FAAD1A17C332B4A9" bold="true" box="[1377,1391,868,902]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">2</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1A12CEE0B4A7" box="[1586,2237,865,904]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1A11C117B4A9" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1587,1866,866,902]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21AE2CEE0B499" box="[302,2237,913,950]" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21AE2C418B499" box="[302,581,913,950]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1AE2C50DB499" box="[759,848,913,950]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81AE2C235B499" box="[1028,1128,913,950]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13-17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01AE2C322B499" box="[1308,1407,913,950]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FAAE1AE1C323B49B" box="[1378,1406,914,948]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">T</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1AE2CEE0B499" box="[1586,2237,913,950]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Kaufmann (19756)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21A80CEE0B339" box="[302,2237,1011,1046]" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21A80CEE0B339" box="[302,2237,1011,1046]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FEE31A80C478B339" bold="true" box="[303,549,1011,1046]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21D53CEE0B369" box="[302,2237,1056,1094]" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21D53C418B369" box="[302,581,1056,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1D53C50DB369" box="[759,848,1056,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81D53C235B369" box="[1028,1128,1056,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13 -20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01D53C322B369" box="[1308,1407,1056,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1D53CEE0B369" box="[1586,2237,1056,1094]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1D53C124B36B" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[1587,1913,1056,1092]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">Margaritoulis (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21D3CCEE0B358" box="[302,2237,1103,1143]" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21D3CC418B358" box="[302,581,1103,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Turkey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1D3CC50DB358" box="[759,848,1103,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">23.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81D3CC235B358" box="[1028,1128,1103,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">18-28</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01D3CC322B358" box="[1308,1407,1103,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FA821D22C332B359" bold="true" box="[1358,1391,1105,1142]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1D3CCEE0B358" box="[1586,2237,1103,1143]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
Geldiay (1980
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99F8EC1D3CC165B35B" box="[1824,1848,1103,1140]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F8851D3CCE28B35B" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[1865,2165,1103,1140]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">Margaritoulis 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21DC1CEE0B3FB" box="[302,2237,1202,1236]" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21DC1CEE0B3FB" box="[302,2237,1202,1236]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FEE31DC1C7C0B3FB" bold="true" box="[303,413,1202,1236]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21DACCEE0B22B" box="[302,2237,1247,1284]" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21DACC418B22B" box="[302,581,1247,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1DACC50DB22B" box="[759,848,1247,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">16- 17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81DACC235B22B" box="[1028,1128,1247,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01DACC322B22B" box="[1308,1407,1247,1284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FA821DACC332B22B" bold="true" box="[1358,1391,1247,1284]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1DACCEE0B22B" box="[1586,2237,1247,1284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1DACC127B22D" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1587,1914,1247,1282]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21C7ECEE0B21C" box="[302,2237,1293,1331]" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21C7EC418B21C" box="[302,581,1293,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1C7EC50DB21C" box="[759,848,1293,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14- 15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81C7EC235B21C" box="[1028,1128,1293,1331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01C7EC322B21C" box="[1308,1407,1293,1331]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">89</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1C7ECEE0B21C" box="[1586,2237,1293,1331]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1C7EC182B21F" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1587,2015,1293,1328]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21C48CEE0B24E" box="[302,2237,1339,1377]" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21C48C418B24E" box="[302,581,1339,1377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1C48C50DB24E" box="[759,848,1339,1377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81C48C235B24E" box="[1028,1128,1339,1377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01C48C322B24E" box="[1308,1407,1339,1377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1C48CEE0B24E" box="[1586,2237,1339,1377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9F81C48C176B270" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1588,1835,1339,1375]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21C1ACEE0B296" box="[302,2237,1385,1465]" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21C1AC418B296" box="[302,581,1385,1465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1C1AC50DB296" box="[759,848,1385,1465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">15.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81C1AC235B296" box="[1028,1128,1385,1465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FBEA1C19C21AB2A0" bold="true" box="[1062,1095,1386,1423]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01C1AC322B296" box="[1308,1407,1385,1465]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FA821C1AC332B2A1" bold="true" box="[1358,1391,1385,1422]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1C1ACEE0B296" box="[1586,2237,1385,1465]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1C1AC1E6B2A4" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1587,1979,1385,1419]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99F8011C1AC1B8B2A4" box="[1997,2021,1385,1419]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9941CE5C1D9B296" author="Margaritoulis. D" box="[1624,1924,1430,1465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref84064" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1983. The inter-nesting interval of Zakynthos loggerheads. Pages 135 - 144 in N. S. Margaris. M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, and R. J. Reiter (eds.). Adaptations to terrestrial environments. Plenum Press. New York." type="book" year="1983">Margaritoulis 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21CB7CEE0B2C8" box="[302,2237,1476,1511]" gridrow="19" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21CB7C418B2C8" box="[302,581,1476,1511]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81CB7C235B2C8" box="[1028,1128,1476,1511]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14- 16</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1CB7CEE0B2C8" box="[1586,2237,1476,1511]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1CB7C0B1B2C8" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1586,1772,1476,1511]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21F6CCEE0B110" box="[302,2237,1567,1599]" gridrow="20" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21F6CCEE0B110" box="[302,2237,1567,1599]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FEE21F6CC7C0B110" bold="true" box="[302,413,1567,1599]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21F36CEE0B141" box="[302,2237,1605,1646]" gridrow="21" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21F36C418B141" box="[302,581,1605,1646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Japanᵇ</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1F36C50DB141" box="[759,848,1605,1646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">16.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81F36C235B141" box="[1028,1128,1605,1646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">14-21</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1F36CEE0B141" box="[1586,2237,1605,1646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1F36C1D6B141" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[1586,1931,1605,1646]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21F0BCEE0B1B4" box="[302,2237,1656,1691]" gridrow="22" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21F0BC418B1B4" box="[302,581,1656,1691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1F0BC50DB1B4" box="[759,848,1656,1691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">15.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81F0BC235B1B4" box="[1028,1128,1656,1691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">12-17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1F0BCEE0B1B4" box="[1586,2237,1656,1691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FE1F0BC141B1B4" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1586,1820,1656,1691]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB2004CFEE21FD6CEE0B1E7" box="[302,2237,1701,1736]" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB2004CFEE21FD6C418B1E7" box="[302,581,1701,1736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFD3B1FD6C50DB1E7" box="[759,848,1701,1736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">13.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFBC81FD6C235B1E7" box="[1028,1128,1701,1736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">9-23</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CFAD01FD6C322B1E7" box="[1308,1407,1701,1736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">2,959</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB2004CF9FE1FD6CEE0B1E7" box="[1586,2237,1701,1736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F9FF1FD6C144B1E7" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1587,1817,1701,1736]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB2FF99FEE11F81C205B071" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[302,2237,418,1736]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FEE11F81C241B03E" blockId="42.[301,1721,1778,1886]" box="[301,1052,1778,1809]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">aValues inferred from information in text or figures.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FEE21E61C0E4B016" blockId="42.[301,1721,1778,1886]" box="[302,1721,1810,1849]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">Figures based on peaks of nesting rather than data on individual turtles renesting within a season.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FEE11E4EC205B071" blockId="42.[301,1721,1778,1886]" box="[301,1112,1853,1886]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
- Difficult to determine from text, but possibly
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99FC021E4EC256B071" box="[974,1035,1853,1886]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
843.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF99FE9A136DC3CBBF0F" blockId="42.[299,1243,2590,3025]" lastBlockId="42.[1297,2238,1991,2080]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
Renesting turtles generally return to the same beach or a nearby area to lay successive clutches, although they are less site-specific than other sea turtles (but see
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FEE113C7C445BDF4" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[301,536,2740,2779]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, who argues that this has yet to be proven).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FE181394C4B4BC22" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[468,745,2791,2829]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that loggerheads were not site-specific per se, but did orient toward a stretch of coastline averaging 9.6 km. He also noted a tendency to shift southward in the early part of the season and northward in the latter part of the season.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FADD1EB4C3B3B0C1" author="Lund, F." box="[1297,1518,1991,2030]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
could find no such shift in east-central Florida.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB2FF98FAF6112CC733B26D" blockId="42.[1294,2239,2143,3026]" lastBlockId="43.[262,1202,956,1346]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">
|
||
|
|
In Florida,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99FA33112CC126BFA9" author="Gallagher, R. M. & M. L. Hollinger & R. M. Ingle & C. R. Futch" box="[1535,1915,2143,2182]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref75191" refString="Gallagher, R. M., M. L. Hollinger, R. M. Ingle, and C. R. Futch. 1972. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1971. Fla. Dep. Nat. Resour. Mar. Res. Lab. Spec. Sei. Rep. No. 37, 11 pp." type="book" year="1972">Gallagher et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
indicated most tag returns occurred between 0.8 km and 6.8 km from previous tag sites, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F92211B0CEE3BFC5" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1774,2238,2243,2282]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded distances averaging 4.6 km, but ranging to 21.5 km. During 3 years,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F91A1054CEE0BE62" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" box="[1750,2237,2343,2381]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">Williams-Walls et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that the average intraseasonal renesting distance ranged from 4.6 km through 5.0 km, but that 80 % of the distances were under 5.0 km.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F82B10C8CEE0BECE" author="Lund, F." box="[2023,2237,2491,2529]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded the average distance moved as 3.0 km
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB2FF99F792109ECED0BD3C" box="[2142,2189,2541,2579]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="36">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 803; range 0-14.0 km). In South Carolina,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F82E136DC32ABD58" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that 22 multiple return females averaged 3.2 + 1.8 km between successive emergences. These authors suggested that loggerheads in South Carolina might show less site fidelity than green turtles because beaches in South Carolina undergo yearly unpredictable fluctuations as a result of erosion. Thus, less site fidelity might be selectively advantageous in subsequent nest site selection. In Australia,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB2FF99F93612D8C1A4BCFD" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1786,2041,2987,3026]" pageId="42" pageNumber="36" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the average distance between successive intraseasonal emergences was 381 m (range = 25-1,450;
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FC321A9CC218B339" box="[1022,1093,1007,1046]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
265); successful nesting turtles were less likely to move between beaches than turtles disturbed during nesting. In Oman, the average distance between consecutive landings was 0.88 km and the mode was 0.4 km
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FECB1D9AC703B23E" box="[263,350,1257,1297]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
522) at Surf Beach on Masirah Island (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FBAD1D9AC700B26D" author="Ross, J. P." pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" startId="43.[266,364,351,389]" targetBox="[265,1200,488,793]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="43" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A" blockId="43.[264,1205,351,456]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
Table 11.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FE00182CC558B69A" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Remigration frequency in nesting loggerhead sea turtles</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEC6189BC2D5B436" blockId="43.[265,1205,488,539]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB3004CFEC5189BC2EDB436" box="[265,1200,488,793]" gridcols="5" gridrows="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFEC5189BC2EDB526" box="[265,1200,488,521]" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFEC5189BC792B526" box="[265,463,488,521]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFE33189BC404B526" box="[511,601,488,521]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFD46189BC4B0B526" box="[650,749,488,521]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFCEC189BC52CB526" box="[800,881,488,521]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">AT</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFC6E189BC2EDB526" box="[930,1200,488,521]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFEC51B4FC2EDB571" box="[265,1200,572,606]" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFEC51B4FC792B571" box="[265,463,572,606]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFE331B4FC404B571" box="[511,601,572,606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">2.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD461B4FC4B0B571" box="[650,749,572,606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1 -6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFCEC1B4FC52CB571" box="[800,881,572,606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">151</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC6E1B4FC2EDB5A1" box="[930,1200,572,654]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Richardson et al. (1978)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFEC51BE5C2EDB594" box="[265,1200,662,699]" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFEC51BE5C792B594" box="[265,463,662,699]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFE331BE5C404B594" box="[511,601,662,699]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">2.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD461BE5C4B0B594" box="[650,749,662,699]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1 -5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFCEC1BE5C52CB594" box="[800,881,662,699]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">95</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC6E1BE5C2EDB594" box="[930,1200,662,699]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FC6F1BE5C220B594" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[931,1149,662,699]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78588" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1976 a. Sea turtles in south east Africa. Pages 81 - 87 in Proceedings of a symposium " Endangered wildlife in southern Africa. " Endangered Wildlife Trust, University of Pretoria." type="proceedings" year="1976">Hughes (1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFEC51BB5C2EDB5C5" box="[265,1200,710,746]" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFEC51BB5C792B5C5" box="[265,463,710,746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFE331BB5C404B5C5" box="[511,601,710,746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD461BB5C4B0B5C5" box="[650,749,710,746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1 -9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFCEC1BB5C52CB5C5" box="[800,881,710,746]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">699</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC6E1BB5C2EDB5C5" box="[930,1200,710,746]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FC6F1BB5C2D5B5C5" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[931,1160,710,746]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFEC51B87C2EDB436" box="[265,1200,756,793]" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFEC51B87C792B436" box="[265,463,756,793]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Queensland3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFE331B87C404B436" box="[511,601,756,793]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD461B87C4B0B436" box="[650,749,756,793]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1 -9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFCEC1B87C52CB436" box="[800,881,756,793]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1,405</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC6E1B87C2EDB436" box="[930,1200,756,793]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FC6F1B87C2D5B436" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[931,1160,756,793]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEC51A31C5D5B44B" blockId="43.[265,904,834,868]" box="[265,904,834,868]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB3FF98FEC51A31C5D5B44B" box="[265,904,834,868]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[265,1200,488,793]" targetPageId="43">aRevised estimate after adjusting for tag loss.</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEFC1C0CC240B0E5" blockId="43.[261,1202,1407,1994]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
However, some loggerheads move considerable distances between successive nestings (summarized by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FECB1C97C401B124" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[263,604,1508,1547]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The record appears to be held by a female that nested 9 July 1979 in North Carolina and again 28 July in Florida, a distance of 725 km (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FB881F3BC4BAB18E" author="Stoneburner, D. L. & L. M. Ehrhart" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref93975" refString="Stoneburner, D. L., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1981. Observation on Caretta c. caretta: a record internesting migration in the Atlantic. Herpetol. Rev. 12: 66." type="journal volume" year="1981">Stoneburner and Ehrhart 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FCDB1F09C2EDB18E" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[791,1200,1658,1697]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded 38 instances of intraseasonal renestings from 26 km to 182 km distant.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FD7D1FAEC24AB02B" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[689,1047,1757,1796]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported a female that nested 26 June 1979 in Nagasaki and again 29 July at Miyazaki, a distance of 377 km.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FBE01E32C7DFB0B7" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned one female that, when disturbed, moved 12 km before nesting the same night.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEE21174CE51B368" blockId="43.[260,1203,2055,2293]" lastBlockId="43.[1254,2196,349,1095]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
There is much confusion about nesting cycles in sea turtles in general. Although widely reported to nest on a 2-, 3 -, or 4-yr cycle (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB3FF98FD591119C56EBFBE" box="[661,819,2154,2193]" captionStart="Table 11" captionStartId="43.[266,364,351,389]" captionTargetBox="[265,1200,488,793]" captionText="Table 11. Remigration frequency in nesting loggerhead sea turtles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC6182CC551B69A">Table 11</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), the vast majority of nesting females are never seen again, even taking into consideration tag loss (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FD4711BEC5D1BFDA" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[651,908,2253,2293]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="276 - 279" refId="ref76806" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1986. Losses of monel flipper tags from loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. J. Herpetol. 20: 276 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Henwood 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and inadequate beach coverage (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F9CD182EC0A8B6AA" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1537,1781,349,389]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The significance of this is unknown. A small percentage may be seen in consecutive years (Hughes 19766, 1982a;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F8BD18B1C36AB534" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">Richardson et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FA991887C0F6B534" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1365,1707,500,539]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F9071887C1F7B534" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1739,1962,500,539]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F8071887CED8B534" author="Lund, F." box="[1995,2181,500,539]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref83373" refString="Lund, F. 1986. Nest production and nesting-site tenacity of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, on Jupiter Island, Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Lund 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) or after an extended period of time (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB3FF98F88C1B55C18AB562" box="[1856,2007,550,589]" captionStart="Table 12" captionStartId="43.[260,358,2417,2453]" captionTargetBox="[259,2187,2503,3013]" captionText="Table 12. Literature records for loggerhead sea turtle remigration intervals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA">Table 12</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The 2 - to 3 -yr cycle seems to predominate (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB3FF98F88E1B2BC186B5AF" box="[1858,2011,600,640]" captionStart="Table 12" captionStartId="43.[260,358,2417,2453]" captionTargetBox="[259,2187,2503,3013]" captionText="Table 12. Literature records for loggerhead sea turtle remigration intervals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA">Table 12</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
) although it may be more appropriate to speak of irregular nesting cycles.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FAA81BCDC033B5C9" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1380,1646,702,742]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F90B1BCDC1E2B5C9" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1735,1983,702,742]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
have shown that females may switch from a 2 -yr cycle to a longer or shorter one over an extended period of time. The particular periodic nesting cycles observed on any given beach are dependent, in part, on the annual survival rates of the nesting females (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F9151ACFC1F3B4CD" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1753,1966,956,994]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="281 - 291" refId="ref73565" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1984. A model for assessing mean age-specific fecundity in sea turtle populations. Herpetologica 40: 281 - 291." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The assessment of periodic nesting cycles, and the determination of their significance, requires additional data.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF9FFADC1DF7C5E9B410" blockId="43.[1251,2196,1156,2293]" lastBlockId="44.[307,1250,335,831]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads nesting in a particular area show a high degree of philopatry when remigrating in subsequent years.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FA911D9BC006B23F" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1373,1627,1256,1296]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that 98.3 % of Australian remigrants were captured at the original tagging location (TV = 1,433 remigrants over 9 seasons). About 4.5 % of remigrants changed local nesting beaches between nesting seasons. Females may shift nesting sites, but they are more likely to move to a relatively nearby area than progress further afield. Some authors have stated that loggerheads do not show strict site philopatry (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FA7E1F09C0F0B18E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1458,1709,1658,1697]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although Hughes went on to say that 93.1 % (in 1971-72 with a mode of 800 m) and 91.1 % (in 1972-73 with a mode of 400 m) of Tongaland remigrants returned to within 9.6 km of their original tagging site. Thus, the argument about site philopatry might revolve more about what is to be termed "close" rather than whether loggerheads remigrate to the same general area. However, there are exceptions (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98FA78117BC14ABF00" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1460,1815,2056,2095]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Of 647 loggerheads tagged on Little Cumberland Island, GA, between 1964 and 1976, 22 of 43 tag returns occurred within 16.6 km, 3 within 50 km, and 18 at greater distances (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F83211EEC04CBFDA" author="Bell, R. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="20 - 24" refId="ref65921" refString="Bell, R., and J. I. Richardson. 1978. An analysis of tag recoveries from loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 20 - 24." type="journal article" year="1978">Bell and Richardson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Most were from Jekyll Island and Cumberland Island, the nearest beaches to the north and south, respectively. Also, the tag returns reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFEA618C0C518B6F4" author="Bell, R. & J. I. Richardson" box="[362,837,435,475]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="20 - 24" refId="ref65921" refString="Bell, R., and J. I. Richardson. 1978. An analysis of tag recoveries from loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 20 - 24." type="journal article" year="1978">Bell and Richardson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
included turtles caught in trawls as well as turtles found dead or nesting on other beaches.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFE1A1B6BC512B56F" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[470,847,536,576]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported interseasonal shifts of 46 loggerheads seen on other Florida beaches that span a distance of 255 km. One female tagged in west Florida in 1968 was recaptured in 1972 on Melbourne Beach on the east-central coast of Florida, a distance of 550 km (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFD091A64C5FEB410" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr." box="[709,931,791,831]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="29 - 31" refId="ref81483" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. 1974. Unusual nesting relocation in the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 30: 29 - 31." type="journal article" year="1974">LeBuff 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" box="[260,1427,2417,2453]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" startId="43.[260,358,2417,2453]" targetBox="[259,2187,2503,3013]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="43" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEC81002C3CEBEBA" blockId="43.[258,2189,2417,2470]" box="[260,1427,2417,2453]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
Table 12.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FE0E1002C3D1BEBA" box="[450,1420,2417,2453]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Literature records for loggerhead sea turtle remigration intervals</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB3004CFECF10B4CED6BCEA" box="[259,2187,2503,3013]" gridcols="10" gridrows="9" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FEC910B4C1ADBCB5" blockId="43.[258,2189,2503,2553]" lastBlockId="43.[259,2190,2932,3033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF10B4CED6BEC7" box="[259,2187,2503,2536]" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFECF10B4C7E6BEC7" box="[259,443,2503,2536]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C10B4C4BDBEC7" box="[672,736,2503,2536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E10B4C5D9BEC7" box="[834,900,2503,2536]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">2 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFC2910B4C27ABEC7" box="[997,1063,2503,2536]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFB4410B4C297BEC7" box="[1160,1226,2503,2536]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">4 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFAE710B4C336BEC7" box="[1323,1387,2503,2536]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">5 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFA0710B4C056BEC7" box="[1483,1547,2503,2536]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">6 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CF9A010B4C0F6BEC7" box="[1644,1707,2503,2536]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">7 yr</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CF8C610B4CED6BEC7" box="[1802,2187,2503,2536]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF1369CED6BD15" box="[259,2187,2586,2618]" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFECF1369C7E6BD44" box="[259,443,2586,2667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD11369C466BD15" box="[541,571,2586,2618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C1369C4BDBD15" box="[672,736,2586,2618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E1369C5D9BD15" box="[834,900,2586,2618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">75</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC291369C27ABD15" box="[997,1063,2586,2618]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">56</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB441369C297BD15" box="[1160,1226,2586,2618]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">21</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE71369C336BD15" box="[1323,1387,2586,2618]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA071369C056BD15" box="[1483,1547,2586,2618]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A01369C0F6BD15" box="[1644,1707,2586,2618]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF8C61369CED6BD44" box="[1802,2187,2586,2667]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F8C61369CE02BD13" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1802,2143,2586,2620]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF1336CED6BD44" box="[259,2187,2629,2667]" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD11336C466BD44" box="[541,571,2629,2667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FDEC1336C467BD47" bold="true" box="[544,570,2629,2664]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">%</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C1336C4BDBD44" box="[672,736,2629,2667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E1336C5D9BD44" box="[834,900,2629,2667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">46.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC291336C27ABD44" box="[997,1063,2629,2667]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">34.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB441336C297BD44" box="[1160,1226,2629,2667]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">13.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE71336C336BD44" box="[1323,1387,2629,2667]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA071336C056BD44" box="[1483,1547,2629,2667]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FA1F1335C3A9BD44" bold="true" box="[1491,1524,2630,2667]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A01336C0F6BD44" box="[1644,1707,2629,2667]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">0.6</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF13F9CED6BD81" box="[259,2187,2698,2734]" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFECF13F9C7E6BDCF" box="[259,443,2698,2784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD113F9C466BD81" box="[541,571,2698,2734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C13F9C4BDBD81" box="[672,736,2698,2734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E13F9C5D9BD81" box="[834,900,2698,2734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">135</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC2913F9C27ABD81" box="[997,1063,2698,2734]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">75</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB4413F9C297BD81" box="[1160,1226,2698,2734]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE713F9C336BD81" box="[1323,1387,2698,2734]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA0713F9C056BD81" box="[1483,1547,2698,2734]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A013F9C0F6BD81" box="[1644,1707,2698,2734]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF8C613F9CED6BDCF" box="[1802,2187,2698,2784]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
Richardson et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F7E713FDCED6BD9E" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" box="[2091,2187,2702,2737]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">(1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF13CACED6BDCF" box="[259,2187,2745,2784]" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD113CAC466BDCF" box="[541,571,2745,2784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FDEC13CAC466BDF2" bold="true" box="[544,571,2745,2781]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">%</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C13CAC4BDBDCF" box="[672,736,2745,2784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">2.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E13CAC5D9BDCF" box="[834,900,2745,2784]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">55.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC2913CAC27ABDCF" box="[997,1063,2745,2784]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">31.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB4413CAC297BDCF" box="[1160,1226,2745,2784]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">7.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE713CAC336BDCF" box="[1323,1387,2745,2784]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA0713CAC056BDCF" box="[1483,1547,2745,2784]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A013CAC0F6BDCF" box="[1644,1707,2745,2784]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98F9BF13C8C0C9BDCF" bold="true" box="[1651,1684,2747,2784]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF1273CED6BC0B" box="[259,2187,2816,2852]" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFECF1273C7E6BC7D" box="[259,443,2816,2898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD11273C466BC0B" box="[541,571,2816,2852]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C1273C4BDBC0B" box="[672,736,2816,2852]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E1273C5D9BC0B" box="[834,900,2816,2852]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">332</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC291273C27ABC0B" box="[997,1063,2816,2852]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">151</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB441273C297BC0B" box="[1160,1226,2816,2852]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">239</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE71273C336BC0B" box="[1323,1387,2816,2852]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">32</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA071273C056BC0B" box="[1483,1547,2816,2852]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">19</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A01273C0F6BC0B" box="[1644,1707,2816,2852]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF8C61273CED6BC7D" box="[1802,2187,2816,2898]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F8C71270CE5CBC09" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1803,2049,2819,2854]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF125DCED6BC7D" box="[259,2187,2862,2898]" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD1125DC466BC7D" box="[541,571,2862,2898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FDEC125DC466BC7E" bold="true" box="[544,571,2862,2897]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">%</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C125DC4BDBC7D" box="[672,736,2862,2898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">12.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E125DC5D9BC7D" box="[834,900,2862,2898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">37.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC29125DC27ABC7D" box="[997,1063,2862,2898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">16.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB44125DC297BC7D" box="[1160,1226,2862,2898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">26.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE7125DC336BC7D" box="[1323,1387,2862,2898]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">3.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA07125DC056BC7D" box="[1483,1547,2862,2898]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">2.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A0125DC0F6BC7D" box="[1644,1707,2862,2898]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">0.6</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF1207CED6BCB5" box="[259,2187,2932,2970]" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB3004CFECF1207C7E6BCEA" box="[259,443,2932,3013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD11207C466BCB5" box="[541,571,2932,2970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">N</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C1207C4BDBCB5" box="[672,736,2932,2970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">63</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E1207C5D9BCB5" box="[834,900,2932,2970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">408</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC291207C27ABCB5" box="[997,1063,2932,2970]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">383</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB441207C297BCB5" box="[1160,1226,2932,2970]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">156</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE71207C336BCB5" box="[1323,1387,2932,2970]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">74</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA071207C056BCB5" box="[1483,1547,2932,2970]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A01207C0F6BCB5" box="[1644,1707,2932,2970]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF8C61207CED6BCEA" box="[1802,2187,2932,3013]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB3FF98F8C71207C1ADBCB5" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1803,2032,2932,2970]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB3FF98FDED12D1C0FFBCEA" blockId="43.[259,2190,2932,3033]" box="[545,1698,2978,3013]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB3004CFECF12D1CED6BCEA" box="[259,2187,2978,3013]" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFDD112D1C466BCEA" box="[541,571,2978,3013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB3FF98FDED12D1C466BCEA" bold="true" box="[545,571,2978,3013]" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">%</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFD6C12D1C4BDBCEA" box="[672,736,2978,3013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">5.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC8E12D1C5D9BCEA" box="[834,900,2978,3013]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">36.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFC2912D1C27ABCEA" box="[997,1063,2978,3013]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">34.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFB4412D1C297BCEA" box="[1160,1226,2978,3013]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">14.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFAE712D1C336BCEA" box="[1323,1387,2978,3013]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">6.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CFA0712D1C056BCEA" box="[1483,1547,2978,3013]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">1.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB3004CF9A012D1C0F6BCEA" box="[1644,1707,2978,3013]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="43" pageNumber="37">0.4</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB4FF9FFE2C1AC1C4C2B4F5" blockId="44.[480,671,946,986]" box="[480,671,946,986]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFB4FF9FFE2C1AC1C4C2B4F5" box="[480,671,946,986]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">3.1.7 Eggs</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB4FF9FFE921D64C260BF09" blockId="44.[306,1250,1047,2086]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">
|
||
|
|
Freshly laid loggerhead eggs are generally spherical and white with soft papery or leathery shells coated with a mucous secretion. The secretion dries in a few hours and the shell takes on a parchment-like texture.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFB831DDEC7C0B228" author="Caldwell, D. K." pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that eggs laid last were generally smaller than eggs deposited at the start of nesting.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFB921C61C7C0B244" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the first few eggs were more ellipsoidal than the rest of the clutch, and that eggs deposited in different parts of the clutch had significantly different diameters. Eggs laid at the beginning of the clutch also were generally larger than those deposited in the latter part of the clutch.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFDA01F4CC599B149" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[620,964,1599,1638]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
thought no such relation existed, although they admitted their sample size was small.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFD8A1FD0C504B1E5" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[582,857,1699,1738]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that the size of the egg was inversely correlated with the carapace length of the female.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFD631E74C5EFB001" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[687,946,1799,1838]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref71678" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1982. A review of sea turtle reproduction. Pages 29 - 38 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ehrhart (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that there was a weak positive correlation between female size and egg size, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFDE31E18C27AB0BD" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[559,1063,1899,1938]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref73793" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1986. The relationship of clutch size and frequency to body size in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. J. Herpetol. 20: 81 - 84." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer and Richardson (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that egg size did not change substantially with female size. They called for more work to assess the relation between egg size and clutch frequency in sea turtles.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB4FF9FFE971110C263BCF4" blockId="44.[303,1251,2147,3035]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">
|
||
|
|
The appearance of small eggs, generally incorrectly termed "yolkless " eggs because they may contain from zero to more than two small yolk masses (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFC3111B5C297BFC1" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1021,1226,2246,2286]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), has been noted in a number of areas. They were first reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFDCD1059C550BE7E" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[513,781,2346,2385]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
in South Carolina as being 28-30 mm in diameter; he speculated they were the last eggs deposited since they generally were at the top of the nest.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFE1A10B3C4B4BEC8" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[470,745,2496,2535]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also reported occasional exceptionally large eggs (one shaped like a hen's egg measured 43 x 51 mm) and an egg with two yolks measured 47 x 66 mm. Other abnormally sized and shaped eggs were reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFCE413FBC292BD9F" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & R. W. Beatty & LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & P. D. Hagan" box="[808,1231,2696,2736]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="153 - 156" refId="ref81511" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and R. W. Beatty. 1971. Some aspects of nesting of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne), on the Gulf Coast of Florida. Herpetologica 27: 153 - 156. LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and P. D. Hagan. 1978. The role of aerial surveys in estimating nesting populations of the loggerhead turtle. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 33: 31 - 33." type="journal article" year="1971">LeBuff and Beatty (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFEFC13C9C456BDCD" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[304,523,2746,2786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFDEA13C9C52ABDCD" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[550,887,2746,2786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFC1013C9C292BDCD" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[988,1231,2746,2786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Unlike
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB4FF9FFE78139FC432BC3C" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[436,623,2796,2835]" class="Testudines" family="Dermochelyidae" genus="Dermochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB4FF9FFE78139FC432BC3C" box="[436,623,2796,2835]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">Dermochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFB4FF9FFD1F139FC5C9BC3C" box="[723,916,2796,2835]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB4FF9FFD1F139FC5C9BC3C" box="[723,916,2796,2835]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
which often lay a large number of abnormally small eggs,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFC2F126DC281BC69" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[995,1244,2846,2886]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found that "yolkless " eggs occurred in only 5.1 % of the samples he examined; these measured 7.0 mm to 29.9 mm and averaged 18.9 mm (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB4FF9FFC5B12C7C5E7BCF4" box="[919,954,2996,3035]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 28).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB4FF9FFA8C183EC11FB0EC" blockId="44.[1300,2248,333,1987]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead clutch data, such as clutch depth, egg diameter and mass, and number of eggs per clutch have been reported for numerous locations. Loggerhead nest dimensions have been recorded mostly from the southeastern United States and Australia although sample sizes are often small, and important parameters, such as the range, often are not reported (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB4FF9FF87A1B0FCE05B58B" box="[1974,2136,636,676]" captionStart="Table 13" captionStartId="45.[269,366,356,395]" captionTargetBox="[268,2199,434,1672]" captionText="Table 13. Loggerhead nest dimensions (cm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4">Table 13</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The diameters and masses measured for eggs from nests throughout the world have been summarized in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB4FF9FFADA1A65C3E7B411" box="[1302,1466,790,830]" captionStart="Table 14" captionStartId="45.[267,365,1853,1892]" captionTargetBox="[266,2198,1934,2968]" captionText="Table 14. Diameter (mm) of loggerhead sea turtle eggs." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B">Tables 14</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB4FF9FF9DE1A65C067B411" box="[1554,1594,790,830]" captionStart="Table 15" captionStartId="46.[298,396,337,376]" captionTargetBox="[298,2231,418,1061]" captionText="Table 15. Mass (g) of loggerhead sea turtle eggs." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657">15</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
, respectively. Egg diameters are nearly identical regardless of population; the high value reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFA3C1A0FC10AB48A" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1520,1879,892,933]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
in Tongaland is obviously in error since it does not match the range of values reported in the text. Egg mass also is rather similar except for the reports from Turkey showing an average egg mass about half that of all other populations (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFA421D09C0A0B38C" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1422,1789,1146,1187]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For both sets of data, however, most sample sizes are small. As with other sea turtles, the clutch size varies greatly from population to population (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB4FF9FF9DC1C61C0FEB216" box="[1552,1699,1298,1337]" captionStart="Table 16" captionStartId="46.[299,398,1181,1218]" captionTargetBox="[299,2237,1267,3030]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Table 16. Clutch size of loggerhead sea turtle nests." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED">Table 16</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
) with the highest average clutch sizes in Australia. There is a great deal of intrapopulational variation in clutch size as well (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB4FF9FF7CF1C06CEF0B2B2" box="[2051,2221,1397,1437]" captionStart="Table 16" captionStartId="46.[299,398,1181,1218]" captionTargetBox="[299,2237,1267,3030]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Table 16. Clutch size of loggerhead sea turtle nests." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED">Table 16</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFA741CD4C196B2E0" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1464,1995,1447,1487]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="1083 - 1085" refId="ref73698" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1985 a. Seasonal variation in clutch size for loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Copeia 1985: 1083 - 1085." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Richardson (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the mean clutch size varied significantly in only 2 of 19 consecutive years at Little Cumberland Island, GA. The overall range of clutch size varies from 23 to 198.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF7A81F4CC320B1B7" author="Hirth, H. F." pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that there was no relation between clutch size and average carapace length of nesting females in six populations: Cape Romain, SC; Cape Kennedy, FL; Hutchinson Island, FL; Buritaca, Colombia; Tongaland, South Africa; and Masirah Island, Oman.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFAD91E19C020B0BD" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1301,1661,1898,1938]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
b) also reported no such relation at Jekyll Island, GA (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB4FF9FF9521EEFC0E0B0EC" box="[1694,1725,1948,1987]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 25).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB4FF9CFAF11E8CC299B3B3" blockId="44.[1296,2245,2047,3035]" lastBlockId="47.[285,1226,940,1180]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="44" pageNumber="38">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFAF11E8CC013BF09" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1341,1614,2047,2086]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref71340" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 a. Analysis of reproductive characteristics of Caretta caretta in east-central Florida. Am. Zool. 19: 955 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported a positive relation between clutch size and female carapace length for the population in east-central Florida, as did
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF8411111CED3BFA5" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1933,2190,2146,2186]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
in Australia. Contrary to the findings of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF87C11E7CE9DBF93" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1968,2240,2196,2236]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
previously,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFA2911B5C1A6BFC2" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1509,2043,2246,2285]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref73793" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1986. The relationship of clutch size and frequency to body size in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. J. Herpetol. 20: 81 - 84." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer and Richardson (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported a positive relation in loggerheads nesting at nearby Little Cumberland Island, GA. They attributed the lack of correlation seen in some studies to a small sample size.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFADE10FDC020BE99" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1298,1661,2446,2486]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF92410FDC322BEC8" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also reported a positive relation in Florida, but a negative correlation between clutch size and date of deposition. However, these authors reported that larger females nested earlier in the season, which accounted for the correlation.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF99213FAC136BD9F" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1630,1899,2697,2736]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF84A13FAC320BDCD" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & R. W. Beatty & LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & P. D. Hagan" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="153 - 156" refId="ref81511" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and R. W. Beatty. 1971. Some aspects of nesting of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne), on the Gulf Coast of Florida. Herpetologica 27: 153 - 156. LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and P. D. Hagan. 1978. The role of aerial surveys in estimating nesting populations of the loggerhead turtle. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 33: 31 - 33." type="journal article" year="1971">LeBuff and Beatty (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FFA3D13C8C198BDCD" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1521,1989,2747,2786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that clutch size decreased as the nesting season progressed, while Kaufmann (19756) felt it increased. However, none of these studies provided rigorous supporting data, and sample sizes were small.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB4FF9FF8EA12F0C3D3BCF4" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="44" pageNumber="38" pagination="1083 - 1085" refId="ref73698" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1985 a. Seasonal variation in clutch size for loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Copeia 1985: 1083 - 1085." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Richardson (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that successive clutches were not significantly different over the course of a season, although the last clutch was significantly smaller than the first clutch. With a large sample size (TV = 940), these authors felt no trends could be discerned relating clutch size to the time of the season clutches were laid.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4" box="[269,971,356,395]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" startId="45.[269,366,356,395]" targetBox="[268,2199,434,1672]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="45" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC11817C596B6A4" blockId="45.[269,971,356,395]" box="[269,971,356,395]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
Table 13.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFE001817C596B6A4" box="[460,971,356,395]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Loggerhead nest dimensions (cm).</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC218C1CE36B1A7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB5004CFEC018C1CECAB1A7" box="[268,2199,434,1672]" gridcols="5" gridrows="25" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC018C1CECAB6F6" box="[268,2199,434,473]" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC018C1C479B6F6" box="[268,548,434,473]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFCD718C1C52EB6F6" box="[795,883,434,473]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFBA618C1C35CB6F6" box="[1130,1281,434,473]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFA3518C1C070B6F6" box="[1529,1581,434,473]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EF9CB18C1C079B6F6" box="[1543,1572,434,473]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CF8E818C1CECAB6F6" box="[1828,2199,434,473]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01B63CECAB51B" box="[268,2199,528,564]" gridrow="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01B63CECAB51B" box="[268,2199,528,564]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC01B63C403B51B" bold="true" box="[268,606,528,564]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Depth to top of nest</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01B46CECAB54E" box="[268,2199,565,609]" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01B46C479B54E" box="[268,548,565,609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71B46C52EB54E" box="[795,883,565,609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">20.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61B46C35CB54E" box="[1130,1281,565,609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351B46C070B54E" box="[1529,1581,565,609]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81B46CECAB54E" box="[1828,2199,565,609]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91B46CE7BB578" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1829,2086,565,599]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01B10CECAB5A1" box="[268,2199,611,654]" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01B10C479B5A1" box="[268,548,611,654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71B10C52EB5A1" box="[795,883,611,654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">36.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61B10C35CB5A1" box="[1130,1281,611,654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB6A1B14C29BB5A3" bold="true" box="[1190,1222,615,652]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351B10C070B5A1" box="[1529,1581,611,654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81B10CECAB5A1" box="[1828,2199,611,654]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81B10CE49B5AA" author="Graham, S." box="[1828,2068,611,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01BE2CECAB595" box="[268,2199,657,698]" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01BE2C479B595" box="[268,548,657,698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71BE2C52EB595" box="[795,883,657,698]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">32.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61BE2C35CB595" box="[1130,1281,657,698]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">30-38</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351BE2C070B595" box="[1529,1581,657,698]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81BE2CECAB595" box="[1828,2199,657,698]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81BE2C1ACB59C" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1828,2033,657,691]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01BCCCECAB5C7" box="[268,2199,703,744]" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01BCCC479B5C7" box="[268,548,703,744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71BCCC52EB5C7" box="[795,883,703,744]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">29.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61BCCC35CB5C7" box="[1130,1281,703,744]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">18-41</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351BCCC070B5C7" box="[1529,1581,703,744]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81BCCCECAB5C7" box="[1828,2199,703,744]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91BCCC1B0B5CE" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1829,2029,703,737]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01B9FCECAB438" box="[268,2199,748,791]" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01B9FC479B438" box="[268,548,748,791]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71B9FC52EB438" box="[795,883,748,791]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFCEB1B82C51AB439" bold="true" box="[807,839,753,790]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61B9FC35CB438" box="[1130,1281,748,791]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">12.7-55.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351B9FC070B438" box="[1529,1581,748,791]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">317</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81B9FCECAB438" box="[1828,2199,748,791]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81B9FCE47B420" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1828,2074,748,783]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01A68CECAB469" box="[268,2199,795,838]" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01A68C479B469" box="[268,548,795,838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71A68C52EB469" box="[795,883,795,838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">27.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61A68C35CB469" box="[1130,1281,795,838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691A6CC29BB46B" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,799,836]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351A68C070B469" box="[1529,1581,795,838]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81A68CECAB469" box="[1828,2199,795,838]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91A68C1BFB411" author="Mast, S. O." box="[1829,2018,795,830]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref84478" refString="Mast, S. O. 1911. Behavior of the loggerhead turtle in depositing its eggs. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1911">Mast (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01A3ACECAB45A" box="[268,2199,841,885]" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01A3AC479B45A" box="[268,548,841,885]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71A3AC52EB45A" box="[795,883,841,885]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">33.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61A3AC35CB45A" box="[1130,1281,841,885]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">0-59</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351A3AC070B45A" box="[1529,1581,841,885]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">277</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81A3ACECAB45A" box="[1828,2199,841,885]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91A3ACE57B443" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1829,2058,841,876]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01AEFCECAB4EE" box="[268,2199,924,961]" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01AEFCECAB4EE" box="[268,2199,924,961]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC01AEFC4C3B4EE" bold="true" box="[268,670,924,961]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Depth to bottom of nest</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01AB0CECAB4C0" box="[268,2199,963,1007]" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01AB0C479B4C0" box="[268,548,963,1007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71AB0C52EB4C0" box="[795,883,963,1007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">45.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61AB0C35CB4C0" box="[1130,1281,963,1007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351AB0C070B4C0" box="[1529,1581,963,1007]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81AB0CECAB4C0" box="[1828,2199,963,1007]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91AB0CE7BB4C9" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1829,2086,963,998]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01A82CECAB333" box="[268,2199,1009,1052]" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01A82C479B333" box="[268,548,1009,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71A82C52EB333" box="[795,883,1009,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">79.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61A82C35CB333" box="[1130,1281,1009,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691A86C29BB335" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1013,1050]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351A82C070B333" box="[1529,1581,1009,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81A82CECAB333" box="[1828,2199,1009,1052]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81A82CE4EB33B" author="Graham, S." box="[1828,2067,1009,1044]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01D6CCECAB366" box="[268,2199,1055,1097]" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01D6CC479B366" box="[268,548,1055,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71D6CC52EB366" box="[795,883,1055,1097]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFCEB1D57C51AB366" bold="true" box="[807,839,1060,1097]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61D6CC35CB366" box="[1130,1281,1055,1097]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">51-66</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351D6CC070B366" box="[1529,1581,1055,1097]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81D6CCECAB366" box="[1828,2199,1055,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81D6CC1ACB36D" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1828,2033,1055,1090]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01D3ECECAB358" box="[268,2199,1101,1143]" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01D3EC479B358" box="[268,548,1101,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71D3EC52EB358" box="[795,883,1101,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">57.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61D3EC35CB358" box="[1130,1281,1101,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">43-71</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351D3EC070B358" box="[1529,1581,1101,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81D3ECECAB358" box="[1828,2199,1101,1143]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91D3EC1B0B35F" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1829,2029,1101,1136]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01D08CECAB388" box="[268,2199,1147,1191]" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01D08C479B388" box="[268,548,1147,1191]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Georgia3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71D08C52EB388" box="[795,883,1147,1191]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">41.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61D08C35CB388" box="[1130,1281,1147,1191]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">34.9-47.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351D08C070B388" box="[1529,1581,1147,1191]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">25</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81D08CECAB388" box="[1828,2199,1147,1191]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81D08CE43B3B1" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1828,2078,1147,1182]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01DDACECAB3FD" box="[268,2199,1193,1234]" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01DDAC479B3FD" box="[268,548,1193,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71DDAC52EB3FD" box="[795,883,1193,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">44.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61DDAC35CB3FD" box="[1130,1281,1193,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351DDAC070B3FD" box="[1529,1581,1193,1234]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81DDACECAB3FD" box="[1828,2199,1193,1234]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81DDAC1BFB3E3" author="Mast, S. O." box="[1828,2018,1193,1228]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref84478" refString="Mast, S. O. 1911. Behavior of the loggerhead turtle in depositing its eggs. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1911">Mast (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01DA4CECAB22E" box="[268,2199,1239,1281]" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01DA4C479B22E" box="[268,548,1239,1281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71DA4C52EB22E" box="[795,883,1239,1281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61DA4C35CB22E" box="[1130,1281,1239,1281]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691DA9C29BB3D0" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1242,1279]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81DA4CECAB22E" box="[1828,2199,1239,1281]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81DA4CE31B3D6" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1828,2156,1239,1273]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01C76CECAB202" box="[268,2199,1285,1325]" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01C76C479B202" box="[268,548,1285,1325]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71C76C52EB202" box="[795,883,1285,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">58.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61C76C35CB202" box="[1130,1281,1285,1325]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">44-85</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81C76CECAB202" box="[1828,2199,1285,1325]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Limpus et al. (19796)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01C40CECAB272" box="[268,2199,1331,1373]" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01C40C479B272" box="[268,548,1331,1373]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71C40C52EB272" box="[795,883,1331,1373]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">57.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61C40C35CB272" box="[1130,1281,1331,1373]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">36-85</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFA351C40C070B272" box="[1529,1581,1331,1373]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">505</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81C40CECAB272" box="[1828,2199,1331,1373]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E91C40CE57B278" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1829,2058,1331,1367]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01CF7CECAB288" box="[268,2199,1412,1447]" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01CF7CECAB288" box="[268,2199,1412,1447]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC01CF7C489B288" bold="true" box="[268,724,1412,1447]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Maximum diameter of nest</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01CDECECAB2F9" box="[268,2199,1453,1494]" gridrow="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01CDEC479B2F9" box="[268,548,1453,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71CDEC52EB2F9" box="[795,883,1453,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">20.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61CDEC35CB2F9" box="[1130,1281,1453,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691CDEC29BB2F9" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1453,1494]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81CDECECAB2F9" box="[1828,2199,1453,1494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81CDECE7BB2F9" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1828,2086,1453,1494]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01CA8CECAB12B" box="[268,2199,1499,1540]" gridrow="21" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01CA8C479B12B" box="[268,548,1499,1540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71CA8C52EB12B" box="[795,883,1499,1540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">20.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61CA8C35CB12B" box="[1130,1281,1499,1540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691CA8C29BB12B" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1499,1540]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81CA8CECAB12B" box="[1828,2199,1499,1540]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81CA8CE4EB12B" author="Graham, S." box="[1828,2067,1499,1540]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01F7ACECAB100" box="[268,2199,1545,1583]" gridrow="22" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01F7AC479B100" box="[268,548,1545,1583]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71F7AC52EB100" box="[795,883,1545,1583]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">22.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61F7AC35CB100" box="[1130,1281,1545,1583]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691F7AC29BB100" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1545,1583]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81F7ACECAB100" box="[1828,2199,1545,1583]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81F7AC1BCB100" author="Mast, S. O." box="[1828,2017,1545,1583]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref84478" refString="Mast, S. O. 1911. Behavior of the loggerhead turtle in depositing its eggs. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1911">Mast (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01F45CECAB14F" box="[268,2199,1590,1632]" gridrow="23" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01F45C479B14F" box="[268,548,1590,1632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71F45C52EB14F" box="[795,883,1590,1632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61F45C35CB14F" box="[1130,1281,1590,1632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFB691F45C29BB14F" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,1590,1632]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81F45CECAB14F" box="[1828,2199,1590,1632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81F45CECAB14F" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1828,2199,1590,1632]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC01F17CECAB1A7" box="[268,2199,1636,1672]" gridrow="24" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC01F17C479B1A7" box="[268,548,1636,1672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Australia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFCD71F17C52EB1A7" box="[795,883,1636,1672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFCEA1F17C51AB1A7" bold="true" box="[806,839,1636,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFBA61F17C35CB1A7" box="[1130,1281,1636,1672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">20-25</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8E81F17CECAB1A7" box="[1828,2199,1636,1672]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81F17CE36B1A7" author="Bustard, H. R. & P. Greenham" box="[1828,2155,1636,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="111 - 122" refId="ref68111" refString="Bustard, H. R., P. Greenham, andC. Limpus. 1975. Nesting behavior of loggerhead and flatback turtles in Queensland Australia. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 78 (2): 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1975">Bustard et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC71FC5C266B1FA" blockId="45.[267,1083,1718,1749]" box="[267,1083,1718,1749]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB5FF9EFEC71FC5C266B1FA" box="[267,1083,1718,1749]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[268,2199,434,1672]" targetPageId="45">aMeasured from the nest bottom to the female's plastron.</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B" box="[267,1142,1853,1892]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" startId="45.[267,365,1853,1892]" targetBox="[266,2198,1934,2968]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="45" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC71E4EC22BB04B" blockId="45.[267,1142,1853,1892]" box="[267,1142,1853,1892]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
Table 14.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFE061E4EC232B04B" box="[458,1135,1853,1892]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Diameter (mm) of loggerhead sea turtle eggs</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC01EFDCE57BCB7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB5004CFEC61EFDCECBBCB7" box="[266,2198,1934,2968]" gridcols="6" gridrows="20" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61EFDCECBB09C" box="[266,2198,1934,1971]" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61EFDC47DB09C" box="[266,544,1934,1971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFD091EFDC540B09C" box="[709,797,1934,1971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1EFDC201B09C" box="[963,1116,1934,1971]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1EFDC3D8B09C" box="[1280,1413,1934,1971]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Clutches</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61EFDC023B09C" box="[1578,1662,1934,1971]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Eggs</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1EFDCECBB09C" box="[1826,2198,1934,1971]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61E95CECBBF27" box="[266,2198,2022,2056]" gridrow="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61E95CECBBF27" box="[266,2198,2022,2056]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC61E95C7D1BF27" bold="true" box="[266,396,2022,2056]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC6117DCECBBF19" box="[266,2198,2062,2102]" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC6117DC47DBF19" box="[266,544,2062,2102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD09117DC540BF19" box="[709,797,2062,2102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">38</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F117DC201BF19" box="[963,1116,2062,2102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFC32117DC243BF19" bold="true" box="[1022,1054,2062,2102]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC117DC3D8BF19" box="[1280,1413,2062,2102]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E6117DC023BF19" box="[1578,1662,2062,2102]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">129</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE117DCECBBF19" box="[1826,2198,2062,2102]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8EF117DCE78BF19" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1827,2085,2062,2102]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC6114FCECBBF4F" box="[266,2198,2108,2144]" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC6114FC47DBF4F" box="[266,544,2108,2144]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD09114FC540BF4F" box="[709,797,2108,2144]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">41.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F114FC201BF4F" box="[963,1116,2108,2144]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">35-49</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC114FC3D8BF4F" box="[1280,1413,2108,2144]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E6114FC023BF4F" box="[1578,1662,2108,2144]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">827</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE114FCECBBF4F" box="[1826,2198,2108,2144]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8EF114FCE44BF4F" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1827,2073,2108,2144]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61119CECBBFA1" box="[266,2198,2154,2190]" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61119C47DBFA1" box="[266,544,2154,2190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091119C540BFA1" box="[709,797,2154,2190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">42.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1119C201BFA1" box="[963,1116,2154,2190]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">40.2-44.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1119C3D8BFA1" box="[1280,1413,2154,2190]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61119C023BFA1" box="[1578,1662,2154,2190]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">702</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1119CECBBFA1" box="[1826,2198,2154,2190]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81119CE4ABFA1" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1828,2071,2154,2190]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC611EACECBBF93" box="[266,2198,2201,2236]" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC611EAC47DBF93" box="[266,544,2201,2236]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD0911EAC540BF93" box="[709,797,2201,2236]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">42.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F11EAC201BF93" box="[963,1116,2201,2236]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">37.0-55.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC11EAC3D8BF93" box="[1280,1413,2201,2236]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E611EAC023BF93" box="[1578,1662,2201,2236]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">4,804</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE11EACECBBF93" box="[1826,2198,2201,2236]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E811EACE4ABF93" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1828,2071,2201,2236]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC611B5CECBBFC5" box="[266,2198,2246,2282]" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC611B5C47DBFC5" box="[266,544,2246,2282]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD0911B5C540BFC5" box="[709,797,2246,2282]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">43.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F11B5C201BFC5" box="[963,1116,2246,2282]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">39.7-47.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC11B5C3D8BFC5" box="[1280,1413,2246,2282]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E611B5C023BFC5" box="[1578,1662,2246,2282]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">370</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE11B5CECBBFC5" box="[1826,2198,2246,2282]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E811B5CE67BFC5" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1828,2106,2246,2282]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61064CECBBE16" box="[266,2198,2327,2361]" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61064CECBBE16" box="[266,2198,2327,2361]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC71064C725BE16" bold="true" box="[267,376,2327,2361]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC6104CCECBBE49" box="[266,2198,2367,2406]" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC6104CC47DBE49" box="[266,544,2367,2406]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD09104CC540BE49" box="[709,797,2367,2406]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">42.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F104CC201BE49" box="[963,1116,2367,2406]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">38-46</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC104CC3D8BE49" box="[1280,1413,2367,2406]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E6104CC023BE49" box="[1578,1662,2367,2406]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE104CCECBBE49" box="[1826,2198,2367,2406]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81033C1B5BE4D" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1828,2024,2368,2402]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC6101ECECBBEBA" box="[266,2198,2413,2453]" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC6101EC47DBEBA" box="[266,544,2413,2453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD09101EC540BEBA" box="[709,797,2413,2453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">38</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F101EC201BEBA" box="[963,1116,2413,2453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFC32101EC242BEBD" bold="true" box="[1022,1055,2413,2450]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC101EC3D8BEBA" box="[1280,1413,2413,2453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFAF7101EC306BEBD" bold="true" box="[1339,1371,2413,2450]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E6101EC023BEBA" box="[1578,1662,2413,2453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EF990101EC021BEBD" bold="true" box="[1628,1660,2413,2450]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE101ECECBBEBA" box="[1826,2198,2413,2453]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E8101DCECBBEA0" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1828,2198,2414,2447]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC610EFCECBBEED" box="[266,2198,2460,2498]" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC610EFC47DBEED" box="[266,544,2460,2498]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD0910EFC540BEED" box="[709,797,2460,2498]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">49.9a</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F10EFC201BEED" box="[963,1116,2460,2498]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">36-44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC10EFC3D8BEED" box="[1280,1413,2460,2498]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">26</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E610EFC023BEED" box="[1578,1662,2460,2498]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">260</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE10EFCECBBEED" box="[1826,2198,2460,2498]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E810EFCE34BE91" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1828,2153,2460,2494]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61098CECBBD24" box="[266,2198,2539,2571]" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61098CECBBD24" box="[266,2198,2539,2571]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC71098C45DBD24" bold="true" box="[267,512,2539,2571]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61367CECBBD14" box="[266,2198,2580,2619]" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61367C47DBD14" box="[266,544,2580,2619]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Sicily</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091367C540BD14" box="[709,797,2580,2619]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFD061366C4B7BD15" bold="true" box="[714,746,2581,2618]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1367C201BD14" box="[963,1116,2580,2619]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">40-44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1367C3D8BD14" box="[1280,1413,2580,2619]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFAF71366C301BD15" bold="true" box="[1339,1372,2581,2618]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61367C023BD14" box="[1578,1662,2580,2619]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EF9901367C021BD16" bold="true" box="[1628,1660,2580,2617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1367CECBBD14" box="[1826,2198,2580,2619]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8EF1367C1AFBD19" author="Bruno, S." box="[1827,2034,2580,2614]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">Bruno (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61331CECBBD47" box="[266,2198,2626,2664]" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61331C47DBD47" box="[266,544,2626,2664]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091331C540BD47" box="[709,797,2626,2664]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFD051331C4B7BD48" bold="true" box="[713,746,2626,2663]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1331C201BD47" box="[963,1116,2626,2664]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">35-40</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1331C3D8BD47" box="[1280,1413,2626,2664]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61331C023BD47" box="[1578,1662,2626,2664]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">12</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1331CECBBD47" box="[1826,2198,2626,2664]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8EF1331CE35BD4B" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1827,2152,2626,2660]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61303CECBBDBA" box="[266,2198,2672,2709]" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61303C47DBDBA" box="[266,544,2672,2709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Turkey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091303C540BDBA" box="[709,797,2672,2709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">39</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1303C201BDBA" box="[963,1116,2672,2709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">37-42</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1303C3D8BDBA" box="[1280,1413,2672,2709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61303C023BDBA" box="[1578,1662,2672,2709]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">500</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1303CECBBDBA" box="[1826,2198,2672,2709]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8EE1303CE37BDBE" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1826,2154,2672,2705]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC613CDCECBBDCF" box="[266,2198,2750,2784]" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC613CDCECBBDCF" box="[266,2198,2750,2784]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFEC713CDC724BDCF" bold="true" box="[267,377,2750,2784]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC6139BCECBBC21" box="[266,2198,2792,2830]" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC6139BC47DBC21" box="[266,544,2792,2830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD09139BC540BC21" box="[709,797,2792,2830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">40.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F139BC201BC21" box="[963,1116,2792,2830]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">37.6-42.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC139BC3D8BC21" box="[1280,1413,2792,2830]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E6139BC023BC21" box="[1578,1662,2792,2830]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">290</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE139BCECBBC21" box="[1826,2198,2792,2830]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E8139BCE44BC21" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1828,2073,2792,2830]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61265CECBBC13" box="[266,2198,2838,2876]" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61265C47DBC13" box="[266,544,2838,2876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091265C540BC13" box="[709,797,2838,2876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">40.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1265C201BC13" box="[963,1116,2838,2876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">38.3 -49.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1265C3D8BC13" box="[1280,1413,2838,2876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB5FF9EFAF01265C301BC13" bold="true" box="[1340,1372,2838,2876]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61265C023BC13" box="[1578,1662,2838,2876]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1265CECBBC13" box="[1826,2198,2838,2876]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81265C1AFBC13" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1828,2034,2838,2876]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61230CECBBC45" box="[266,2198,2883,2922]" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61230C47DBC45" box="[266,544,2883,2922]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091230C540BC45" box="[709,797,2883,2922]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">41.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1230C201BC45" box="[963,1116,2883,2922]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">39.1 -43.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1230C3D8BC45" box="[1280,1413,2883,2922]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61230C023BC45" box="[1578,1662,2883,2922]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">170</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1230CECBBC45" box="[1826,2198,2883,2922]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81230CE34BC45" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1828,2153,2883,2922]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB5004CFEC61202CECBBCB7" box="[266,2198,2929,2968]" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB5004CFEC61202C47DBCB7" box="[266,544,2929,2968]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFD091202C540BCB7" box="[709,797,2929,2968]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">40.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFC0F1202C201BCB7" box="[963,1116,2929,2968]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">34.7-45.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CFACC1202C3D8BCB7" box="[1280,1413,2929,2968]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">343</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF9E61202C023BCB7" box="[1578,1662,2929,2968]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">3,430</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB5004CF8EE1202CECBBCB7" box="[1826,2198,2929,2968]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB5FF9EF8E81202CE57BCB7" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1828,2058,2929,2968]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB5FF9EFEC012B3C199BCCD" blockId="45.[268,1988,3008,3042]" box="[268,1988,3008,3042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB5FF9EFEC012B3C199BCCD" box="[268,1988,3008,3042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[266,2198,1934,2968]" targetPageId="45">aThese are the figures as reported; the mean does not match the range of data provided in the accompanying histogram.</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657" box="[298,1081,337,376]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" startId="46.[298,396,337,376]" targetBox="[298,2231,418,1061]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="46" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB6FF9DFEE61822C264B657" blockId="46.[298,1081,337,376]" box="[298,1081,337,376]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
Table 15.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFE251822C264B657" box="[489,1081,337,376]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Mass (g) of loggerhead sea turtle eggs.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB6FF9DFEE018D1CE0AB30A" lastBlockId="46.[298,2238,883,1080]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB6004CFEE618D1CEEAB30A" box="[298,2231,418,1061]" gridcols="6" gridrows="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE618D1CEEAB6E7" box="[298,2231,418,456]" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE618D1C41CB6E7" box="[298,577,418,456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFD2118D1C51BB6E7" box="[749,838,418,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFC3918D1C2D0B6E7" box="[1013,1165,418,456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFAF618D1C3E2B6E7" box="[1338,1471,418,456]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Clutches</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CF9A218D1C09EB6E7" box="[1646,1731,418,456]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Eggs</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CF8A218D1CEEAB6E7" box="[1902,2231,418,456]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE6188FCEEAB531" box="[298,2231,508,542]" gridrow="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE6188FCEEAB531" box="[298,2231,508,542]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE6188FC7F1B531" bold="true" box="[298,428,508,542]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61B57CEEAB563" box="[298,2231,548,588]" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61B57C41CB563" box="[298,577,548,588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211B57C51BB563" box="[749,838,548,588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">34.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391B57C2D0B563" box="[1013,1165,548,588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBFC1B57C20CB566" bold="true" box="[1072,1105,548,585]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61B57C3E2B563" box="[1338,1471,548,588]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21B57C09EB563" box="[1646,1731,548,588]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">119</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21B57CEEAB563" box="[1902,2231,548,588]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8A21B56CE3BB567" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1902,2150,549,584]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61B20CEEAB555" box="[298,2231,595,634]" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61B20C41CB555" box="[298,577,595,634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211B20C51BB555" box="[749,838,595,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">41.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391B20C2D0B555" box="[1013,1165,595,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">36.5-46.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61B20C3E2B555" box="[1338,1471,595,634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21B20C09EB555" box="[1646,1731,595,634]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">702</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21B20CEEAB555" box="[1902,2231,595,634]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8A31B20CE39B559" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1903,2148,595,630]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61BF2CEEAB588" box="[298,2231,641,679]" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61BF2C41CB588" box="[298,577,641,679]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211BF2C51BB588" box="[749,838,641,679]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">42.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391BF2C2D0B588" box="[1013,1165,641,679]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">28.2-52.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61BF2C3E2B588" box="[1338,1471,641,679]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21BF2C09EB588" box="[1646,1731,641,679]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">4,840</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21BF2CEEAB588" box="[1902,2231,641,679]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8A31BF2CE39B58B" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1903,2148,641,676]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61BDCCEEAB5FA" box="[298,2231,687,725]" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61BDCC41CB5FA" box="[298,577,687,725]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211BDCC51BB5FA" box="[749,838,687,725]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">38.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391BDCC2D0B5FA" box="[1013,1165,687,725]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">29.7-46.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61BDCC3E2B5FA" box="[1338,1471,687,725]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21BDCC09EB5FA" box="[1646,1731,687,725]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">370</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21BDCCEEAB5FA" box="[1902,2231,687,725]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8A31BDCCEDAB5FD" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1903,2183,687,722]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61B8FCEEAB431" box="[298,2231,764,798]" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61B8FCEEAB431" box="[298,2231,764,798]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE71B8FC47CB431" bold="true" box="[299,545,764,798]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61A55CEEAB461" box="[298,2231,806,846]" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61A55C41CB461" box="[298,577,806,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Turkey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211A55C51BB461" box="[749,838,806,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">20.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391A55C2D0B461" box="[1013,1165,806,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBFC1A5AC20FB461" bold="true" box="[1072,1106,809,846]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61A55C3E2B461" box="[1338,1471,806,846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21A55C09EB461" box="[1646,1731,806,846]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">500</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21A55CEEAB461" box="[1902,2231,806,846]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8A31A55CEEAB466" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1903,2231,806,841]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61A00CEEAB4B9" box="[298,2231,883,918]" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61A00CEEAB4B9" box="[298,2231,883,918]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE71A00C7C7B4B9" bold="true" box="[299,410,883,918]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61AECCEEAB4E8" box="[298,2231,927,967]" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61AECC41CB4E8" box="[298,577,927,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211AECC51BB4E8" box="[749,838,927,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">39.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391AECC2D0B4E8" box="[1013,1165,927,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">35.7-42.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61AECC3E2B4E8" box="[1338,1471,927,967]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFAA11AECC3D2B4E8" bold="true" box="[1389,1423,927,967]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21AECC09EB4E8" box="[1646,1731,927,967]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21AECCEEAB4E8" box="[1902,2231,927,967]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8BC1AECCE62B4E8" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1904,2111,927,967]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61ABDCEEAB4D9" box="[298,2231,974,1014]" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61ABDC41CB4D9" box="[298,577,974,1014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211ABDC51BB4D9" box="[749,838,974,1014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">39.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391ABDC2D0B4D9" box="[1013,1165,974,1014]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">34-46</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61ABDC3E2B4D9" box="[1338,1471,974,1014]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21ABDC09EB4D9" box="[1646,1731,974,1014]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">170</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21ABDCEEAB4D9" box="[1902,2231,974,1014]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8BC1ABDCEEBB4D9" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1904,2230,974,1014]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE61A8ECEEAB30A" box="[298,2231,1021,1061]" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE61A8EC41CB30A" box="[298,577,1021,1061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFD211A8EC51BB30A" box="[749,838,1021,1061]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">36.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFC391A8EC2D0B30A" box="[1013,1165,1021,1061]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">26.2-43.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFAF61A8EC3E2B30A" box="[1338,1471,1021,1061]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">24</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9A21A8EC09EB30A" box="[1646,1731,1021,1061]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">240</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF8A21A8ECEEAB30A" box="[1902,2231,1021,1061]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF8BC1A8ECE0AB30A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1904,2135,1021,1061]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" box="[299,1121,1181,1218]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" startId="46.[299,398,1181,1218]" targetBox="[299,2237,1267,3030]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="46" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" blockId="46.[299,1121,1181,1218]" box="[299,1121,1181,1218]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Table 16. Clutch size of loggerhead sea turtle nests.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB6FF9DFEE11D80CE49BCF9" blockId="46.[298,2239,1267,1319]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB6004CFEE71D80CEE0BCF9" box="[299,2237,1267,3030]" colsContinueIn="47.[287,2049,435,695]" gridcols="5" gridrows="37" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71D80CEE0B23C" box="[299,2237,1267,1299]" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71D80C418B23C" box="[299,581,1267,1299]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1D80C52CB23C" box="[791,881,1267,1299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1D80C28EB23C" box="[1094,1235,1267,1299]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1D80C3A6B23C" box="[1447,1531,1267,1299]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">TV</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CF9071D80CEE0B23C" box="[1739,2237,1267,1299]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71C36CEE0B248" box="[299,2237,1349,1383]" gridrow="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71C36CEE0B248" box="[299,2237,1349,1383]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE71C36C7F3B248" bold="true" box="[299,430,1349,1383]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71C1CCEE0B2BA" box="[299,2237,1391,1429]" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71C1CC418B2BA" box="[299,581,1391,1429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">New Jersey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1C1CC52CB2BA" box="[791,881,1391,1429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">129</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1C1CC28EB2BA" box="[1094,1235,1391,1429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81C03C2C8B2BA" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1392,1429]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1C1CC3A6B2BA" box="[1447,1531,1391,1429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071C1CCEE0B2BA" box="[1739,2237,1391,1429]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021C1CC18FB2BD" author="Brandner, R. L." box="[1742,2002,1391,1426]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref66859" refString="Brandner, R. L. 1983. A sea turtle nesting at Island Beach State Park, Ocean County, New Jersey. Herpetol. Rev. 14: 110." type="journal volume" year="1983">Brandner (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71CEECEE0B2EC" box="[299,2237,1437,1475]" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71CEEC418B2EC" box="[299,581,1437,1475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1CEEC52CB2EC" box="[791,881,1437,1475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">133</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1CEEC28EB2EC" box="[1094,1235,1437,1475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81CEDC2C8B2EC" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1438,1475]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1CEEC3A6B2EC" box="[1447,1531,1437,1475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071CEECEE0B2EC" box="[1739,2237,1437,1475]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021CEEC1E2B2EF" author="Graham, S." box="[1742,1983,1437,1472]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71CB8CEE0B2C0" box="[299,2237,1483,1519]" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71CB8C418B2C0" box="[299,581,1483,1519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1CB8C52CB2C0" box="[791,881,1483,1519]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">135.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1CB8C28EB2C0" box="[1094,1235,1483,1519]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">118-152</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1CB8C3A6B2C0" box="[1447,1531,1483,1519]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071CB8CEE0B2C0" box="[1739,2237,1483,1519]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021CB8C1C0B2C1" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1742,1949,1483,1518]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71C8ACEE0B134" box="[299,2237,1529,1563]" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71C8AC418B134" box="[299,581,1529,1563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1C8AC52CB134" box="[791,881,1529,1563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">119.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1C8AC28EB134" box="[1094,1235,1529,1563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">86-159</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1C8AC3A6B134" box="[1447,1531,1529,1563]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071C8ACEE0B134" box="[1739,2237,1529,1563]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9031C8AC1C4B134" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1743,1945,1529,1563]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71F55CEE0B165" box="[299,2237,1574,1610]" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71F55C418B165" box="[299,581,1574,1610]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1F55C52CB165" box="[791,881,1574,1610]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">126</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1F55C28EB165" box="[1094,1235,1574,1610]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">64-198</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1F55C3A6B165" box="[1447,1531,1574,1610]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">71</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071F55CEE0B165" box="[1739,2237,1574,1610]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021F55C19BB166" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1742,1990,1574,1609]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71F20CEE0B157" box="[299,2237,1619,1656]" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71F20C418B157" box="[299,581,1619,1656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1F20C52CB157" box="[791,881,1619,1656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">111.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1F20C28EB157" box="[1094,1235,1619,1656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81F20C2C8B157" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1619,1656]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1F20C3A6B157" box="[1447,1531,1619,1656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">28</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071F20CEE0B157" box="[1739,2237,1619,1656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9031F27CE44B158" author="Stancyk, S. E. & O. R. Talbert, Jr. & J. M. Dean" box="[1743,2073,1620,1655]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref93525" refString="Stancyk, S. E., O. R. Talbert, Jr., and J. M. Dean. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina. II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="1980">Stancyk et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71FF3CEE0B188" box="[299,2237,1664,1703]" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71FF3C418B188" box="[299,581,1664,1703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1FF3C52CB188" box="[791,881,1664,1703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">117</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1FF3C28EB188" box="[1094,1235,1664,1703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81FF3C2C8B18A" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1664,1701]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1FF3C3A6B188" box="[1447,1531,1664,1703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">393</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071FF3CEE0B188" box="[1739,2237,1664,1703]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021FF1CE18B18A" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" box="[1742,2117,1666,1701]" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">Andre and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71FC3CEE0B1FA" box="[299,2237,1712,1749]" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71FC3C418B1FA" box="[299,581,1712,1749]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1FC3C52CB1FA" box="[791,881,1712,1749]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">121.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1FC3C28EB1FA" box="[1094,1235,1712,1749]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81FC3C2C8B1FA" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1712,1749]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1FC3C3A6B1FA" box="[1447,1531,1712,1749]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">701</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071FC3CEE0B1FA" box="[1739,2237,1712,1749]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021FC3CEE0B1FC" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1742,2237,1712,1747]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="1083 - 1085" refId="ref73698" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1985 a. Seasonal variation in clutch size for loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Copeia 1985: 1083 - 1085." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Richardson (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71FADCEE0B02C" box="[299,2237,1758,1795]" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71FADC418B02C" box="[299,581,1758,1795]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1FADC52CB02C" box="[791,881,1758,1795]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">119.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1FADC28EB02C" box="[1094,1235,1758,1795]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81FADC2C8B02C" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1758,1795]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1FADC3A6B02C" box="[1447,1531,1758,1795]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">2,126</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071FADCEE0B02C" box="[1739,2237,1758,1795]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021FADCEC7B02E" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[1742,2202,1758,1793]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="1083 - 1085" refId="ref73698" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1985 a. Seasonal variation in clutch size for loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Copeia 1985: 1083 - 1085." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Richardson (1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71E7ECEE0B01E" box="[299,2237,1805,1841]" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71E7EC418B01E" box="[299,581,1805,1841]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1E7EC52CB01E" box="[791,881,1805,1841]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1E7EC28EB01E" box="[1094,1235,1805,1841]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">44-172</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1E7EC3A6B01E" box="[1447,1531,1805,1841]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">46</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071E7ECEE0B01E" box="[1739,2237,1805,1841]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9031E7ECE39B01F" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & R. W. Beatty & LeBuff, C. R., Jr. & P. D. Hagan" box="[1743,2148,1805,1840]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="153 - 156" refId="ref81511" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and R. W. Beatty. 1971. Some aspects of nesting of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne), on the Gulf Coast of Florida. Herpetologica 27: 153 - 156. LeBuff, C. R., Jr., and P. D. Hagan. 1978. The role of aerial surveys in estimating nesting populations of the loggerhead turtle. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 33: 31 - 33." type="journal article" year="1971">LeBuff and Beatty (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71E4ACEE0B070" box="[299,2237,1849,1887]" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71E4AC418B070" box="[299,581,1849,1887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1E4AC52CB070" box="[791,881,1849,1887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">120</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1E4AC28EB070" box="[1094,1235,1849,1887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBB81E4AC2C8B071" bold="true" box="[1140,1173,1849,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1E4AC3A6B070" box="[1447,1531,1849,1887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071E4ACEE0B070" box="[1739,2237,1849,1887]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9011E48CE0AB071" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1741,2135,1851,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71E1BCEE0B0A2" box="[299,2237,1896,1933]" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71E1BC418B0A2" box="[299,581,1896,1933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1E1BC52CB0A2" box="[791,881,1896,1933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1E1BC28EB0A2" box="[1094,1235,1896,1933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">48-159</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1E1BC3A6B0A2" box="[1447,1531,1896,1933]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFA141E1BC3A7B0A2" bold="true" box="[1496,1530,1896,1933]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071E1BCEE0B0A2" box="[1739,2237,1896,1933]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021E1ACE30B0A3" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1742,2157,1897,1932]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71EEBCEE0B093" box="[299,2237,1944,1980]" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71EEBC418B093" box="[299,581,1944,1980]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1EEBC52CB093" box="[791,881,1944,1980]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">117</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1EEBC28EB093" box="[1094,1235,1944,1980]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">81-149</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1EEBC3A6B093" box="[1447,1531,1944,1980]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071EEBCEE0B093" box="[1739,2237,1944,1980]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021EEBC199B094" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1742,1988,1944,1979]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71EB6CEE0B0C7" box="[299,2237,1989,2024]" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71EB6C418B0C7" box="[299,581,1989,2024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1EB6C52CB0C7" box="[791,881,1989,2024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">110</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1EB6C28EB0C7" box="[1094,1235,1989,2024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">43-154</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1EB6C3A6B0C7" box="[1447,1531,1989,2024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071EB6CEE0B0C7" box="[1739,2237,1989,2024]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021EB6C19EB0C7" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1742,1987,1989,2024]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71E80CEE0BF3A" box="[299,2237,2035,2069]" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71E80C418BF3A" box="[299,581,2035,2069]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1E80C52CBF3A" box="[791,881,2035,2069]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">149</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1E80C28EBF3A" box="[1094,1235,2035,2069]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">70-165</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1E80C3A6BF3A" box="[1447,1531,2035,2069]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">26</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071E80CEE0BF3A" box="[1739,2237,2035,2069]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9011E80CE52BF3A" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1741,2063,2035,2069]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71153CEE0BF6C" box="[299,2237,2080,2115]" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71153C418BF6C" box="[299,581,2080,2115]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1153C52CBF6C" box="[791,881,2080,2115]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">106</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1153C28EBF6C" box="[1094,1235,2080,2115]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">58-163</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1153C3A6BF6C" box="[1447,1531,2080,2115]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">52</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071153CEE0BF6C" box="[1739,2237,2080,2115]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021153C1BBBF6C" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1742,2022,2080,2115]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7113ECEE0BF5F" box="[299,2237,2125,2160]" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7113EC418BF5F" box="[299,581,2125,2160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB113EC52CBF5F" box="[791,881,2125,2160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">105</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A113EC28EBF5F" box="[1094,1235,2125,2160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">58-163</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B113EC3A6BF5F" box="[1447,1531,2125,2160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">69</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF907113ECEE0BF5F" box="[1739,2237,2125,2160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF902113EC1BBBF5F" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1742,2022,2125,2160]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71108CEE0BFB2" box="[299,2237,2171,2205]" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71108C418BFB2" box="[299,581,2171,2205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1108C52CBFB2" box="[791,881,2171,2205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">107.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1108C28EBFB2" box="[1094,1235,2171,2205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">58-163</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1108C3A6BFB2" box="[1447,1531,2171,2205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">.185</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071108CEE0BFB2" box="[1739,2237,2171,2205]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021108C185BFB2" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1742,2008,2171,2205]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref80262" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1975 a. Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad. Caldasia 11 (53): 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1975">Kaufmann (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE711B0CEE0BFCC" box="[299,2237,2243,2275]" gridrow="20" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE711B0CEE0BFCC" box="[299,2237,2243,2275]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE011B0C7C7BFCC" bold="true" box="[300,410,2243,2275]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71198CEE0BE3D" box="[299,2237,2283,2322]" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71198C418BE3D" box="[299,581,2283,2322]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1198C52CBE3D" box="[791,881,2283,2322]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">107</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1198C28EBE3D" box="[1094,1235,2283,2322]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
55-150
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB6FF9DFB081198C28EBFD1" attach="none" box="[1220,1235,2283,2302]" fontSize="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1198C3A6BE3D" box="[1447,1531,2283,2322]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFA14119EC3A7BE3D" bold="true" box="[1496,1530,2285,2322]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071198CEE0BE3D" box="[1739,2237,2283,2322]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF902119CC1DABE3D" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1742,1927,2287,2322]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7106ECEE0BE6F" box="[299,2237,2333,2368]" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7106EC418BE6F" box="[299,581,2333,2368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Oman</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB106EC52CBE6F" box="[791,881,2333,2368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">101</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A106EC28EBE6F" box="[1094,1235,2333,2368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">72-130</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B106EC3A6BE6F" box="[1447,1531,2333,2368]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF907106ECEE0BE6F" box="[1739,2237,2333,2368]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF902106EC1C9BE10" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[1742,1940,2333,2367]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 523" refId="ref77385" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1980. Some aspects of the nesting behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 507 - 523." type="journal article" year="1980">Hirth (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71034CEE0BE41" box="[299,2237,2375,2414]" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71034C418BE41" box="[299,581,2375,2414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1034C52CBE41" box="[791,881,2375,2414]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">118</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1034C28EBE41" box="[1094,1235,2375,2414]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">81-141</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1034C3A6BE41" box="[1447,1531,2375,2414]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFA141034C3A4BE43" bold="true" box="[1496,1529,2375,2412]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071034CEE0BE41" box="[1739,2237,2375,2414]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021039CE1FBE42" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1742,2114,2378,2413]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7100BCEE0BEB3" box="[299,2237,2424,2460]" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7100BC418BEB3" box="[299,581,2424,2460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB100BC52CBEB3" box="[791,881,2424,2460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">112.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A100BC28EBEB3" box="[1094,1235,2424,2460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">55-160</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B100BC3A6BEB3" box="[1447,1531,2424,2460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">98</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF907100BCEE0BEB3" box="[1739,2237,2424,2460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF902100BCE48BEB4" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1742,2069,2424,2459]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE710D5CEE0BEE3" box="[299,2237,2470,2508]" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE710D5C418BEE3" box="[299,581,2470,2508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB10D5C52CBEE3" box="[791,881,2470,2508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">118</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A10D5C28EBEE3" box="[1094,1235,2470,2508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBBF10D4C2C9BEE3" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,2471,2508]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B10D5C3A6BEE3" box="[1447,1531,2470,2508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">68</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90710D5CEE0BEE3" box="[1739,2237,2470,2508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90210D5CE27BEE5" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1742,2170,2470,2506]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE710A7CEE0BED5" box="[299,2237,2516,2554]" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE710A7C418BED5" box="[299,581,2516,2554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB10A7C52CBED5" box="[791,881,2516,2554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">118</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A10A7C28EBED5" box="[1094,1235,2516,2554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBBF10A6C2C9BED5" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,2517,2554]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B10A7C3A6BED5" box="[1447,1531,2516,2554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">86</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90710A7CEE0BED5" box="[1739,2237,2516,2554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90210A7C198BED7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1742,1989,2516,2552]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71371CEE0BD08" box="[299,2237,2562,2599]" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71371C418BD08" box="[299,581,2562,2599]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1371C52CBD08" box="[791,881,2562,2599]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">117</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1371C28EBD08" box="[1094,1235,2562,2599]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBBF1371C2C9BD08" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,2562,2599]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1371C3A6BD08" box="[1447,1531,2562,2599]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">19</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071371CEE0BD08" box="[1739,2237,2562,2599]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9021371C19BBD09" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1742,1990,2562,2598]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71358CEE0BD7A" box="[299,2237,2603,2645]" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71358C418BD7A" box="[299,581,2603,2645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1358C52CBD7A" box="[791,881,2603,2645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">115</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1358C28EBD7A" box="[1094,1235,2603,2645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">76-155</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1358C3A6BD7A" box="[1447,1531,2603,2645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071358CEE0BD7A" box="[1739,2237,2603,2645]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9011343C1E8BD7C" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1741,1973,2608,2643]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7132ECEE0BDAF" box="[299,2237,2653,2688]" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7132EC418BDAF" box="[299,581,2653,2688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB132EC52CBDAF" box="[791,881,2653,2688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">94.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A132EC28EBDAF" box="[1094,1235,2653,2688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">39-161</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B132EC3A6BDAF" box="[1447,1531,2653,2688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">24</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF907132ECEE0BDAF" box="[1739,2237,2653,2688]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF901132EC1E8BDAF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1741,1973,2653,2688]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE713FACEE0BD81" box="[299,2237,2697,2734]" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE713FAC418BD81" box="[299,581,2697,2734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB13FAC52CBD81" box="[791,881,2697,2734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">113</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A13FAC28EBD81" box="[1094,1235,2697,2734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBBF13FAC2C9BD81" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,2697,2734]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B13FAC3A6BD81" box="[1447,1531,2697,2734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">41</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90713FACEE0BD81" box="[1739,2237,2697,2734]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90113F9CE3FBD83" author="Hughes, G. R. & B. Brent" box="[1741,2146,2698,2732]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref78873" refString="Hughes, G. R., and B. Brent. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, 7. Lammergeyer 17: 40 - 62." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes and Brent (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE713C4CEE0BDF5" box="[299,2237,2743,2778]" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE713C4C418BDF5" box="[299,581,2743,2778]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB13C4C52CBDF5" box="[791,881,2743,2778]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">105.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A13C4C28EBDF5" box="[1094,1235,2743,2778]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">39-154</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B13C4C3A6BDF5" box="[1447,1531,2743,2778]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">72</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90713C4CEE0BDF5" box="[1739,2237,2743,2778]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90113C4C199BDF5" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1741,1988,2743,2778]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7138DCEE0BC31" box="[299,2237,2814,2846]" gridrow="32" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7138DCEE0BC31" box="[299,2237,2814,2846]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFEE7138DC47DBC31" bold="true" box="[299,544,2814,2846]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE7125ACEE0BC61" box="[299,2237,2857,2894]" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE7125AC418BC61" box="[299,581,2857,2894]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Sicily</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB125AC52CBC61" box="[791,881,2857,2894]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFCD6125AC567BC61" bold="true" box="[794,826,2857,2894]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A125AC28EBC61" box="[1094,1235,2857,2894]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">120-150</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B125AC3A6BC61" box="[1447,1531,2857,2894]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFA1B125AC3A5BC61" bold="true" box="[1495,1528,2857,2894]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF907125ACEE0BC61" box="[1739,2237,2857,2894]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF9001259C1C0BC62" author="Bruno, S." box="[1740,1949,2858,2893]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">Bruno (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE71224CEE0BC53" box="[299,2237,2903,2940]" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE71224C418BC53" box="[299,581,2903,2940]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB1224C52CBC53" box="[791,881,2903,2940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">100.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A1224C28EBC53" box="[1094,1235,2903,2940]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B1224C3A6BC53" box="[1447,1531,2903,2940]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF9071224CEE0BC53" box="[1739,2237,2903,2940]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF900122BCE4FBC55" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1740,2066,2904,2938]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE712F0CEE0BC87" box="[299,2237,2947,2984]" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE712F0C418BC87" box="[299,581,2947,2984]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB12F0C52CBC87" box="[791,881,2947,2984]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">114.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A12F0C28EBC87" box="[1094,1235,2947,2984]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB6FF9DFBBE12F0C2CEBC87" bold="true" box="[1138,1171,2947,2984]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B12F0C3A6BC87" box="[1447,1531,2947,2984]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">52</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90712F0CEE0BC87" box="[1739,2237,2947,2984]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90012F6C1BABC87" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1740,2023,2949,2984]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB6004CFEE712C0CEE0BCF9" box="[299,2237,2995,3030]" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB6004CFEE712C0C418BCF9" box="[299,581,2995,3030]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">Turkey</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFCDB12C0C52CBCF9" box="[791,881,2995,3030]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">93</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFB8A12C0C28EBCF9" box="[1094,1235,2995,3030]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">23-134</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CFA6B12C0C3A6BCF9" box="[1447,1531,2995,3030]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB6004CF90712C0CEE0BCF9" box="[1739,2237,2995,3030]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="46" pageNumber="40">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB6FF9DF90712C0CE49BCF9" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1739,2068,2995,3030]" pageId="46" pageNumber="40" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED21817C422B6A7" box="[286,639,356,392]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" startId="47.[286,384,356,389]" targetBox="[287,2049,435,695]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="47" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED21817C422B6A7" blockId="47.[286,639,356,392]" box="[286,639,356,392]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
Table 16.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFE2D1814C426B6A7" box="[481,635,359,392]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Continued</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED318C8C1FEB59E" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB7004CFED318C0CE5CB598" box="[287,2049,435,695]" colsContinueFrom="46.[299,2237,1267,3030]" gridcols="5" gridrows="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED318C0CE5CB6F7" box="[287,2049,435,472]" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED318C0C455B6F7" box="[287,520,435,472]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFCC418C0C53FB6F7" box="[776,866,435,472]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFB8B18C0C2E8B6F7" box="[1095,1205,435,472]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFA5418C0C3B4B6F7" box="[1432,1513,435,472]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFA7E18C4C38DB6FA" bold="true" box="[1458,1488,439,469]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CF97018C0CE5CB6F7" box="[1724,2049,435,472]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED31B7CCE5CB502" box="[287,2049,527,557]" gridrow="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED31B7CCE5CB502" box="[287,2049,527,557]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFED31B7CC7D0B502" bold="true" box="[287,397,527,557]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED31B4BCE5CB574" box="[287,2049,568,603]" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED31B4BC455B574" box="[287,520,568,603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
Queensland
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB7FF9CFE301B4BC455B564" attach="left" box="[508,520,568,587]" fontSize="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">ͨ</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCC41B4BC53FB574" box="[776,866,568,603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">133.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFB8B1B4BC2E8B574" box="[1095,1205,568,603]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">83- -174</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA541B4BC3B4B574" box="[1432,1513,568,603]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">31</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF9701B4BCE5CB574" box="[1724,2049,568,603]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF9711B4BC1EFB57A" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1725,1970,568,597]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED31B16CE5CB5A6" box="[287,2049,613,649]" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED31B16C455B5A6" box="[287,520,613,649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCC41B16C53FB5A6" box="[776,866,613,649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">124.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFB8B1B16C2E8B5A6" box="[1095,1205,613,649]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">89- -164</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA541B16C3B4B5A6" box="[1432,1513,613,649]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">27</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF9701B16CE5CB5A6" box="[1724,2049,613,649]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF9701B15CE5CB5AB" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1724,2049,613,644]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED31BE7CE5CB598" box="[287,2049,660,695]" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED31BE7C455B598" box="[287,520,660,695]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCC41BE7C53FB598" box="[776,866,660,695]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">127.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFB8B1BE7C2E8B598" box="[1095,1205,660,695]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">48- -190</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA541BE7C3B4B598" box="[1432,1513,660,695]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">1,056</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF9701BE7CE5CB598" box="[1724,2049,660,695]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF9711BE7C1FEB59E" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1725,1955,660,689]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB7FF9CFED21B93C23DB460" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[287,2049,435,695]" targetPageId="47">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED21B93C4FAB42D" blockId="47.[285,1785,736,847]" box="[286,679,736,770]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB7FF9CFED21B93C777B5DE" attach="right" box="[286,298,736,753]" fontSize="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
Estimated from histogram.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED21B8CC0A4B403" blockId="47.[285,1785,736,847]" box="[286,1785,767,812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB7FF9CFED21B8CC776B43F" attach="right" box="[286,299,767,784]" fontSize="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">b</superScript>
|
||
|
|
Values for clutches moved to a hatchery assumed to be separate from reports for nests left in the beach.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED11A5AC23DB460" blockId="47.[285,1785,736,847]" box="[285,1120,809,847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFB7FF9CFED11A5AC77AB415" attach="left" box="[285,295,809,826]" fontSize="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">c</superScript>
|
||
|
|
Based on renesting of 10 females within a nesting season.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF83FE8A1DAAC2FFB45B" blockId="47.[284,1225,1241,1581]" lastBlockId="48.[291,1234,344,884]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead clutch incubation periods and hatching success, including natural and transplanted clutches, have been recorded for a number of populations. It should be noted, however, that hatching precedes emergence by 2-7 d (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CFD521CD1C53AB2E5" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[670,871,1442,1482]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and it is not often clear in many studies whether this has been taken into consideration. Given this caution, the incubation period is similar between populations (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFB7FF9CF8EC1ADFC1E6B4FB" box="[1824,1979,940,980]" captionStart="Table 17" captionStartId="47.[282,381,1696,1735]" captionTargetBox="[280,2211,1832,2818]" captionText="Table 17. Incubation periods (days)for loggerhead sea turtle nests. (Thefigures arefor nests as deposited by thefemale unless otherwise indicated.)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6">Table 17</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), presumably reflecting similar thermal regimes on nesting beaches.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CFB301D62C047B316" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1276,1562,1041,1081]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed that nest temperature was inversely correlated with the duration of incubation (see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CFA821D05C07DB3B2" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1358,1568,1142,1181]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); at the extremes, eggs incubated at a constant 32° C took 48.4 d to hatch while eggs incubated at 24° C took 87.3 d to hatch. Less than 20 % of the eggs hatched successfully at 24° C while>70 % hatched at 27, 30, and 32° C. Similar results were presented by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CFA111C1CC183B2B8" author="Yntema, C. L. & N. Mrosovsky" box="[1501,2014,1391,1431]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="9 - 10" refId="ref97024" refString="Yntema, C. L., and N. Mrosovsky. 1979. Incubation temperature and sex ratio in hatchling loggerhead turtles: a preliminary report. Mar. Turtle News!. 11: 9 - 10." type="journal article" year="1979">Yntema and Mrosovsky (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8301C1CCE1AB2B8" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" box="[2044,2119,1391,1431]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) who also noted that hatching success decreased at temperatures>32° C.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF9B01CA6C1C6B2D3" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1660,1947,1493,1532]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also noted that optimal nest conditions included a moisture content of around 25 % saturation and a salinity content less than 25%. On her control beach, moisture averaged 18.3 % saturation with a salinity content of 3.5 % seawater.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FEE8189DC415B53A" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[292,584,494,533]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that temperature was the most important factor in limiting the geographic range of sea turtle rookeries, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FCC31B22C27DB556" author="Kraemer, J." box="[783,1056,593,633]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that ambient sand temperature temporally limits the nesting season.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FDF11BC5C23CB5F2" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" box="[573,1121,694,733]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">Mrosovsky and Yntema (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that, under controlled conditions, increasing the incubation temperature 1 °C decreases the duration of incubation 5 d within the thermal limits of development.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" startId="47.[282,381,1696,1735]" targetBox="[280,2211,1832,2818]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="47" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED61FD3C321B1D6" blockId="47.[282,2214,1696,1785]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
Table 17.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFE1A1FD3C321B1D6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Incubation periods (days)for loggerhead sea turtle nests. (The figures are for nests as deposited by the female unless otherwise indicated.)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED61E5BCE41BC2D" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFB7004CFED41E5BCEFEBC2D" box="[280,2211,1832,2818]" gridcols="5" gridrows="19" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41E5BCEFEB065" box="[280,2211,1832,1866]" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41E5BC46CB065" box="[280,561,1832,1866]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51E5BC5DFB065" box="[809,898,1832,1866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71E5BC282B065" box="[1147,1247,1832,1866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1E5BC051B065" box="[1495,1548,1832,1866]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">TV</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1E5BCEFEB065" box="[1794,2211,1832,1866]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41E09CEFEB0B3" box="[280,2211,1914,1948]" gridrow="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41E09CEFEB0B3" box="[280,2211,1914,1948]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFED51E09C7C6B0B3" bold="true" box="[281,411,1914,1948]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41EDBCEFEB0E3" box="[280,2211,1960,1996]" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41EDBC46CB0E3" box="[280,561,1960,1996]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51EDBC5DFB0E3" box="[809,898,1960,1996]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">55.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71EDBC282B0E3" box="[1147,1247,1960,1996]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">49-62</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1EDBC051B0E3" box="[1495,1548,1960,1996]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">55</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1EDBCEFEB0E3" box="[1794,2211,1960,1996]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C91EDBC1A1B0E3" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1797,2044,1960,1996]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41EA6CEFEB0D6" box="[280,2211,2005,2041]" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41EA6C46CB0D6" box="[280,561,2005,2041]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51EA6C5DFB0D6" box="[809,898,2005,2041]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">60.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71EA6C282B0D6" box="[1147,1247,2005,2041]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">56-65</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1EA6C051B0D6" box="[1495,1548,2005,2041]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">19</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1EA6CEFEB0D6" box="[1794,2211,2005,2041]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C91EA6C193B0D6" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1797,1998,2005,2041]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41171CEFEBF07" box="[280,2211,2050,2088]" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41171C46CBF07" box="[280,561,2050,2088]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51171C5DFBF07" box="[809,898,2050,2088]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">62.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71171C282BF07" box="[1147,1247,2050,2088]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">50- 76</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1171C051BF07" box="[1495,1548,2050,2088]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">918</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1171CEFEBF07" box="[1794,2211,2050,2088]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C91171C1A2BF07" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1797,2047,2050,2088]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41143CEFEBF7A" box="[280,2211,2096,2133]" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41143C46CBF7A" box="[280,561,2096,2133]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Florida3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51143C5DFBF7A" box="[809,898,2096,2133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">65.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71143C282BF7A" box="[1147,1247,2096,2133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFB501143C2E0BF7A" bold="true" box="[1180,1213,2096,2133]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1143C051BF7A" box="[1495,1548,2096,2133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1143CEFEBF7A" box="[1794,2211,2096,2133]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C81143CED1BF7A" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1796,2188,2096,2133]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED4112DCEFEBFAC" box="[280,2211,2142,2179]" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED4112DC46CBFAC" box="[280,561,2142,2179]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE5112DC5DFBFAC" box="[809,898,2142,2179]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">55.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB7112DC282BFAC" box="[1147,1247,2142,2179]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B112DC051BFAC" box="[1495,1548,2142,2179]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFA26112DC056BFAC" bold="true" box="[1514,1547,2142,2179]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE112DCEFEBFAC" box="[1794,2211,2142,2179]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C9112DCEFEBFAC" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1797,2211,2142,2179]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED411F6CEFEBF9E" box="[280,2211,2181,2225]" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED411F6C46CBF9E" box="[280,561,2181,2225]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Floridab</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE511F6C5DFBF9E" box="[809,898,2181,2225]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">69.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB711F6C282BF9E" box="[1147,1247,2181,2225]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">63-75</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B11F6C051BF9E" box="[1495,1548,2181,2225]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFA2511F6C057BF9E" bold="true" box="[1513,1546,2181,2225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE11F6CEFEBF9E" box="[1794,2211,2181,2225]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C811F6C1A5BF9E" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1796,2040,2181,2225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED411C0CEFEBFF0" box="[280,2211,2227,2271]" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED411C0C46CBFF0" box="[280,561,2227,2271]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Florida0</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE511C0C5DFBFF0" box="[809,898,2227,2271]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">60.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB711C0C282BFF0" box="[1147,1247,2227,2271]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFB5711C0C2E1BFF0" bold="true" box="[1179,1212,2227,2271]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B11C0C051BFF0" box="[1495,1548,2227,2271]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE11C0CEFEBFF0" box="[1794,2211,2227,2271]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C911C0C1A1BFF0" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1797,2044,2227,2271]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41194CEFEBE22" box="[280,2211,2279,2317]" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41194C46CBE22" box="[280,561,2279,2317]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51194C5DFBE22" box="[809,898,2279,2317]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">53.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71194C282BE22" box="[1147,1247,2279,2317]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">49- 58</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1194C051BE22" box="[1495,1548,2279,2317]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">67</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1194CEFEBE22" box="[1794,2211,2279,2317]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C81194CE18BE22" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1796,2117,2279,2317]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41031CEFEBE4D" box="[280,2211,2370,2402]" gridrow="10" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41031CEFEBE4D" box="[280,2211,2370,2402]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFED51031C7DBBE4D" bold="true" box="[281,390,2370,2402]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED4101DCEFEBEB9" box="[280,2211,2414,2454]" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED4101DC46CBEB9" box="[280,561,2414,2454]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE5101DC5DFBEB9" box="[809,898,2414,2454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">67.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB7101DC282BEB9" box="[1147,1247,2414,2454]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFB57101DC2E1BEBC" bold="true" box="[1179,1212,2414,2451]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B101DC051BEB9" box="[1495,1548,2414,2454]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE101DCEFEBEB9" box="[1794,2211,2414,2454]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CF1001CE2BBEB9" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1795,2166,2418,2454]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED410EECEFEBEEB" box="[280,2211,2461,2500]" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED410EEC46CBEEB" box="[280,561,2461,2500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE510EEC5DFBEEB" box="[809,898,2461,2500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">67.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB710EEC282BEEB" box="[1147,1247,2461,2500]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">55-80</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B10EEC051BEEB" box="[1495,1548,2461,2500]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE10EECEFEBEEB" box="[1794,2211,2461,2500]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8C810D3C1B7BEEB" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1796,2026,2464,2500]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED410B8CEFEBEDE" box="[280,2211,2507,2545]" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED410B8C46CBEDE" box="[280,561,2507,2545]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Tongaland0</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE510B8C5DFBEDE" box="[809,898,2507,2545]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">56.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB710B8C282BEDE" box="[1147,1247,2507,2545]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">53-59</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B10B8C051BEDE" box="[1495,1548,2507,2545]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE10B8CEFEBEDE" box="[1794,2211,2507,2545]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CF10BEC1A7BEDE" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1795,2042,2509,2545]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref78530" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1975 a. The marine turtles ofTongaland, VIII. Lammergeyer 22: 9 - 18." type="journal article" year="1975">Hughes (1975a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41082CEFEBD30" box="[280,2211,2545,2591]" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41082C46CBD30" box="[280,561,2545,2591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Oman d</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51082C5DFBD30" box="[809,898,2545,2591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">51.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71082C282BD30" box="[1147,1247,2545,2591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1082C051BD30" box="[1495,1548,2545,2591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">18</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1082CEFEBD30" box="[1794,2211,2545,2591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CF1088C1E6BD30" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1795,1979,2555,2591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED41355CEFEBD62" box="[280,2211,2598,2637]" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED41355C46CBD62" box="[280,561,2598,2637]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Oman e</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE51355C5DFBD62" box="[809,898,2598,2637]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">50.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB71355C282BD62" box="[1147,1247,2598,2637]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFB56135BC2E6BD62" bold="true" box="[1178,1211,2600,2637]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B1355C051BD62" box="[1495,1548,2598,2637]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE1355CEFEBD62" box="[1794,2211,2598,2637]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CF135AC1E6BD63" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1795,1979,2601,2636]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED413F2CEFEBD8C" box="[280,2211,2689,2723]" gridrow="16" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED413F2CEFEBD8C" box="[280,2211,2689,2723]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFED413F2C450BD8C" bold="true" box="[280,525,2689,2723]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Mediterranean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED413DCCEFEBDFA" box="[280,2211,2735,2773]" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED413DCC46CBDFA" box="[280,561,2735,2773]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE513DCC5DFBDFA" box="[809,898,2735,2773]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">50.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB713DCC282BDFA" box="[1147,1247,2735,2773]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFB7FF9CFB5613DCC2E1BDFA" bold="true" box="[1178,1212,2735,2773]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B13DCC051BDFA" box="[1495,1548,2735,2773]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE13DCCEFEBDFA" box="[1794,2211,2735,2773]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CE13DCCE15BDFA" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1794,2120,2735,2773]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFB7004CFED413AFCEFEBC2D" box="[280,2211,2780,2818]" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFB7004CFED413AFC46CBC2D" box="[280,561,2780,2818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFCE513AFC5DFBC2D" box="[809,898,2780,2818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">57.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFBB713AFC282BC2D" box="[1147,1247,2780,2818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">49-69</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CFA1B13AFC051BC2D" box="[1495,1548,2780,2818]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFB7004CF8CE13AFCEFEBC2D" box="[1794,2211,2780,2818]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFB7FF9CF8CF13AFCE41BC2D" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1795,2076,2780,2818]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFB7FF9CFEDB1255C7A8BCF1" pageId="47" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[280,2211,1832,2818]" targetPageId="47">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFEDB1255C5DABC68" blockId="47.[279,1190,2854,3038]" box="[279,903,2854,2887]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">a Artificially incubated by unknown method.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED4123BC2DABC40" blockId="47.[279,1190,2854,3038]" box="[280,1159,2888,2927]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">bClutches incubated within a building near the nesting beach.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFEDB1202C2FBBCBC" blockId="47.[279,1190,2854,3038]" box="[279,1190,2929,2963]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">c Clutches incubated in a protected hatchery on a nesting beach.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFED412E7C7A8BC97" blockId="47.[279,1190,2854,3038]" box="[280,501,2964,3000]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">dData for 1977.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFB7FF9CFEDB12CFC7A8BCF1" blockId="47.[279,1190,2854,3038]" box="[279,501,3004,3038]" pageId="47" pageNumber="41">e Data for 1978.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF82FE801AC7C418B681" blockId="48.[290,1233,948,1347]" lastBlockId="49.[286,1224,339,430]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
The hatching success (i.e., percentage of emerged hatchlings) of various loggerhead populations on natural nesting beaches is shown in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA8FF83FCC31D6FC5FAB36B" box="[783,935,1052,1092]" captionStart="Table 18" captionStartId="48.[289,388,1458,1492]" captionTargetBox="[284,2221,1586,2773]" captionText="Table 18. Percentage of loggerhead sea turtle eggs resulting in emerged hatchlings. (Unless otherwise indicated, thefigures are for nests as deposited by the female on a natural beach, and not disturbed by predators.)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A">Table 18</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Nesting success on these beaches is similar, although there is a great deal of variation from one nest to the next. Nests relocated to protect them from predation or other forms of destruction can enjoy high rates of hatching success (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FBE71D9AC72CB26C" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FE471C6FC568B26C" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" box="[395,821,1308,1347]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FC851C6FC24BB26C" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[841,1046,1308,1347]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), provided they are moved soon after deposition, and in certain cases the hatching success may be considerably improved (Wyneken et al., 1987).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8D518C8CE73B6CC" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1817,2094,443,483]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed that movement up to 12 h after deposition caused no problems, while
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F9D01B6CC133B568" author="Limpus, C. J. & V. Baker & D. Miller" box="[1564,1902,543,583]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref82379" refString="Limpus, C. J., V. Baker, andJ. D. Miller. 1979 a. Movement induced mortality of loggerhead eggs. Herpetologica 35: 335 - 338." type="journal article" year="1979">Limpus et al. (1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19796) found even gentle inversion from 12 h to 14 d after deposition significantly reduced hatching success.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F82A1BF7C3A3B5F2" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that eggs not be moved after 36 h since the extra-embryonic membranes encompass the embryo and attach it to the top of the shell at about this time.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FA631A3EC13CB459" author="Miller, J. D. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1455,1889,845,886]" journalOrPublisher="Turtle Newsl." pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="10 - 11" part="26" refId="ref85332" refString="Miller, J. D., and CJ. Limpus. 1983. A method for reducing movement-induced mortality in turtle eggs. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 26: 10 - 11." title="A method for reducing movement-induced mortality in turtle eggs. Mar" type="journal article" year="1983">Miller and Limpus (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested that cooling eggs immediately after deposition would reduce movement-induced mortality. Low or 0 % hatching success also may result from deposition of infertile eggs.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FAC91D6FC380B36A" author="Seyle, W." box="[1285,1501,1052,1093]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="9 - 10" refId="ref92456" refString="Seyle, W. 1987. Transient reproductive failure in Caretta. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 40: 9 - 10." type="journal article" year="1987">Seyle (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided data from a female nesting at Wassaw Island, GA, that produced fertile clutches in 1981 and 1986. Her four clutches in 1984 were all infertile. Hatching success may be greater in sands 0.25-0.125 mm in diameter than coarser grained sands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83FAC21C6EC048B26B" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[1294,1557,1309,1348]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref92092" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1982. Correlation of nest sand asymmetry and percent loggerhead sea turtle egg hatch in North Carolina determined by geological sorting analyses. ASB Bull. 29: 83 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1982">Schwartz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although more rigorous tests need to be made to determine the effects of sand grain size on hatching success.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" startId="48.[289,388,1458,1492]" targetBox="[284,2221,1586,2773]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="48" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" blockId="48.[289,2227,1458,1541]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Table 18.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FE131CC1C1CBB12A" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Percentage of loggerhead sea turtle eggs resulting in emerged hatchlings. (Unless otherwise indicated, the figures are for nests as deposited by the female on a natural beach, and not disturbed by predators.)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FEEE1F41C1BBBDFB" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA8004CFED01F41CEF0BDFA" box="[284,2221,1586,2773]" gridcols="5" gridrows="24" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01F41CEF0B17A" box="[284,2221,1586,1621]" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01F41C464B17A" box="[284,569,1586,1621]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51F41C5CFB17A" box="[777,914,1586,1621]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Mean %</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11F41C35AB17A" box="[1133,1287,1586,1621]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Range %</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1F41C068B17A" box="[1506,1589,1586,1621]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Nests</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CF9331F41CEF0B17A" box="[1791,2221,1586,1621]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01FF1CEF0B18A" box="[284,2221,1666,1701]" gridrow="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01FF1CEF0B18A" box="[284,2221,1666,1701]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FEEC1FF1C7FFB18A" bold="true" box="[288,418,1666,1701]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Atlantic</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01FC0CEF0B1F7" box="[284,2221,1715,1752]" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01FC0C464B1F7" box="[284,569,1715,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">North Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51FC0C5CFB1F7" box="[777,914,1715,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">74.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11FC0C35AB1F7" box="[1133,1287,1715,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">3.14-98.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1FC0C068B1F7" box="[1506,1589,1715,1752]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331FC0CEF0B1F7" box="[1791,2221,1715,1752]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8C81FC7C190B1F7" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1796,1997,1716,1752]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01F93CEF0B029" box="[284,2221,1760,1798]" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01F93C464B029" box="[284,569,1760,1798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51F93C5CFB029" box="[777,914,1760,1798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">73.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11F93C35AB029" box="[1133,1287,1760,1798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">29.0-98.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1F93C068B029" box="[1506,1589,1760,1798]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">62</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331F93CEF0B029" box="[1791,2221,1760,1798]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8C81F91C1A1B029" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1796,2044,1762,1798]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01E7DCEF0B01B" box="[284,2221,1806,1844]" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01E7DC464B01B" box="[284,569,1806,1844]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51E7DC5CFB01B" box="[777,914,1806,1844]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">66.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11E7DC35AB01B" box="[1133,1287,1806,1844]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB661E7CC296B01B" bold="true" box="[1194,1227,1807,1844]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1E7DC068B01B" box="[1506,1589,1806,1844]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">11</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331E7DCEF0B01B" box="[1791,2221,1806,1844]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8C81E63CE13B01C" author="Stancyk, S. E. & O. R. Talbert, Jr. & J. M. Dean" box="[1796,2126,1808,1843]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref93525" refString="Stancyk, S. E., O. R. Talbert, Jr., and J. M. Dean. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina. II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="1980">Stancyk et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01E4FCEF0B04C" box="[284,2221,1852,1891]" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01E4FC464B04C" box="[284,569,1852,1891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51E4FC5CFB04C" box="[777,914,1852,1891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">72.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11E4FC35AB04C" box="[1133,1287,1852,1891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB661E4DC296B04C" bold="true" box="[1194,1227,1854,1891]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1E4FC068B04C" box="[1506,1589,1852,1891]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331E4FCEF0B04C" box="[1791,2221,1852,1891]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8C81E4DCE10B04D" author="Stancyk, S. E. & O. R. Talbert, Jr. & J. M. Dean" box="[1796,2125,1854,1890]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref93525" refString="Stancyk, S. E., O. R. Talbert, Jr., and J. M. Dean. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina. II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="1980">Stancyk et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01E19CEF0B0BE" box="[284,2221,1898,1937]" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01E19C464B0BE" box="[284,569,1898,1937]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51E19C5CFB0BE" box="[777,914,1898,1937]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">80.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11E19C35AB0BE" box="[1133,1287,1898,1937]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB651E1FC296B0BE" bold="true" box="[1193,1227,1900,1937]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1E19C068B0BE" box="[1506,1589,1898,1937]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331E19CEF0B0BE" box="[1791,2221,1898,1937]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CF1E1FCE10B0BF" author="Stancyk, S. E. & O. R. Talbert, Jr. & J. M. Dean" box="[1795,2125,1900,1936]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref93525" refString="Stancyk, S. E., O. R. Talbert, Jr., and J. M. Dean. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina. II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="1980">Stancyk et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01EEACEF0B090" box="[284,2221,1945,1983]" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01EEAC464B090" box="[284,569,1945,1983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Florida3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51EEAC5CFB090" box="[777,914,1945,1983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">63.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11EEAC35AB090" box="[1133,1287,1945,1983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">2.0-95.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1EEAC068B090" box="[1506,1589,1945,1983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">48</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331EEACEF0B090" box="[1791,2221,1945,1983]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CE1EE9CED7B090" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1794,2186,1946,1983]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">Worth and Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01EB4CEF0B0C2" box="[284,2221,1991,2029]" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01EB4C464B0C2" box="[284,569,1991,2029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51EB4C5CFB0C2" box="[777,914,1991,2029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">72.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11EB4C35AB0C2" box="[1133,1287,1991,2029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB661EB4C296B0C3" bold="true" box="[1194,1227,1991,2028]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1EB4C068B0C2" box="[1506,1589,1991,2029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">43</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331EB4CEF0B0C2" box="[1791,2221,1991,2029]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CF1EBAC1A5B0C2" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1795,2040,1993,2029]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01E86CEF0BF34" box="[284,2221,2037,2075]" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01E86C464BF34" box="[284,569,2037,2075]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51E86C5CFBF34" box="[777,914,2037,2075]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">55.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11E86C35ABF34" box="[1133,1287,2037,2075]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">0.0-99.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1E86C068BF34" box="[1506,1589,2037,2075]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">97</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331E86CEF0BF34" box="[1791,2221,2037,2075]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CE1E84CE1EBF34" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1794,2115,2039,2075]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01134CEF0BF4A" box="[284,2221,2119,2149]" gridrow="10" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01134CEF0BF4A" box="[284,2221,2119,2149]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FEEC1134C7D3BF4A" bold="true" box="[288,398,2119,2149]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Indian</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01101CEF0BFB7" box="[284,2221,2162,2200]" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01101C464BFB7" box="[284,569,2162,2200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51101C5CFBFB7" box="[777,914,2162,2200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">82.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11101C35ABFB7" box="[1133,1287,2162,2200]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1101C068BFB7" box="[1506,1589,2162,2200]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">26</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331101CEF0BFB7" box="[1791,2221,2162,2200]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CE1106CE14BFB7" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1794,2121,2165,2200]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED011D2CEF0BFE9" box="[284,2221,2209,2246]" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED011D2C464BFE9" box="[284,569,2209,2246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC511D2C5CFBFE9" box="[777,914,2209,2246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">83.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA111D2C35ABFE9" box="[1133,1287,2209,2246]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB6511D2C297BFE9" bold="true" box="[1193,1226,2209,2246]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E11D2C068BFE9" box="[1506,1589,2209,2246]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">91</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF93311D2CEF0BFE9" box="[1791,2221,2209,2246]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CF11D1CEF0BFE9" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1795,2221,2210,2246]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED011BCCEF0BFDC" box="[284,2221,2255,2291]" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED011BCC464BFDC" box="[284,569,2255,2291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC511BCC5CFBFDC" box="[777,914,2255,2291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">66.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA111BCC35ABFDC" box="[1133,1287,2255,2291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">31.3-83.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E11BCC068BFDC" box="[1506,1589,2255,2291]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">859</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF93311BCCEF0BFDC" box="[1791,2221,2255,2291]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CE11BCC184BFDC" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1794,2009,2255,2291]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
rf)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01188CEF0BE31" box="[284,2221,2299,2334]" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01188C464BE31" box="[284,569,2299,2334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51188C5CFBE31" box="[777,914,2299,2334]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">82.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11188C35ABE31" box="[1133,1287,2299,2334]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">31.0-98.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1188C068BE31" box="[1506,1589,2299,2334]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331188CEF0BE31" box="[1791,2221,2299,2334]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CE118FC1B5BE31" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1794,2024,2300,2334]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01052CEF0BE65" box="[284,2221,2337,2378]" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01052C464BE65" box="[284,569,2337,2378]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Tongaland
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA8FF83FE271052C7A6BE1B" attach="left" box="[491,507,2337,2356]" fontSize="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">b</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51052C5CFBE65" box="[777,914,2337,2378]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">68.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11052C35ABE65" box="[1133,1287,2337,2378]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">42.1-94.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1052C068BE65" box="[1506,1589,2337,2378]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331052CEF0BE65" box="[1791,2221,2337,2378]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CD105BC1B5BE65" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1793,2024,2344,2378]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01020CEF0BE58" box="[284,2221,2387,2423]" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01020C464BE58" box="[284,569,2387,2423]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51020C5CFBE58" box="[777,914,2387,2423]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">77.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11020C35ABE58" box="[1133,1287,2387,2423]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">0.0-98.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1020C068BE58" box="[1506,1589,2387,2423]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">72</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331020CEF0BE58" box="[1791,2221,2387,2423]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CD1027C1AABE58" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1793,2039,2388,2423]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED0100ACEF0BE8C" box="[284,2221,2425,2467]" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED0100AC464BE8C" box="[284,569,2425,2467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Oman
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA8FF83FE6F100AC7EEBEA3" attach="left" box="[419,435,2425,2444]" fontSize="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">d</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC5100AC5CFBE8C" box="[777,914,2425,2467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">57.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA1100AC35ABE8C" box="[1133,1287,2425,2467]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E100AC068BE8C" box="[1506,1589,2425,2467]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">18</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF933100ACEF0BE8C" box="[1791,2221,2425,2467]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CD10F2C1E4BE8D" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1793,1977,2433,2466]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED010D5CEF0BEFF" box="[284,2221,2470,2512]" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED010D5C464BEFF" box="[284,569,2470,2512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Oman
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA8FF83FE6F10D5C7ECBE96" attach="left" box="[419,433,2470,2489]" fontSize="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">e</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC510D5C5CFBEFF" box="[777,914,2470,2512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">53.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA110D5C35ABEFF" box="[1133,1287,2470,2512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E10D5C068BEFF" box="[1506,1589,2470,2512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF93310D5CEF0BEFF" box="[1791,2221,2470,2512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CC10DEC1E4BEE0" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1792,1977,2477,2511]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED010A4CEF0BED2" box="[284,2221,2519,2557]" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED010A4C464BED2" box="[284,569,2519,2557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Oman'</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC510A4C5CFBED2" box="[777,914,2519,2557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">67.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA110A4C35ABED2" box="[1133,1287,2519,2557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB6A10ABC295BED2" bold="true" box="[1190,1224,2520,2557]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E10A4C068BED2" box="[1506,1589,2519,2557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">11</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF93310A4CEF0BED2" box="[1791,2221,2519,2557]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F8CC10AAC1E5BED3" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1792,1976,2521,2556]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01354CEF0BD6A" box="[284,2221,2599,2629]" gridrow="20" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01354CEF0BD6A" box="[284,2221,2599,2629]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FED01354C7D6BD6A" bold="true" box="[284,395,2599,2629]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Pacific</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED01324CEF0BD58" box="[284,2221,2647,2679]" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED01324C464BD58" box="[284,569,2647,2679]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC51324C5CFBD58" box="[777,914,2647,2679]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">83.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA11324C35ABD58" box="[1133,1287,2647,2679]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">10.6-100</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E1324C068BD58" box="[1506,1589,2647,2679]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">90</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF9331324CEF0BD58" box="[1791,2221,2647,2679]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">Limpus et al. (19794)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED0130DCEF0BD88" box="[284,2221,2686,2727]" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED0130DC464BD88" box="[284,569,2686,2727]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Queensland
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA8FF83FE35130DC45BBDBE" attach="left" box="[505,518,2686,2705]" fontSize="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">0</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC5130DC5CFBD88" box="[777,914,2686,2727]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">81.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA1130DC35ABD88" box="[1133,1287,2686,2727]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB6913F1C29ABD88" bold="true" box="[1189,1223,2690,2727]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E130DC068BD88" box="[1506,1589,2686,2727]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">422</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF933130DCEF0BD88" box="[1791,2221,2686,2727]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F93313FAC1BBBD8A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1791,2022,2696,2726]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA8004CFED013D8CEF0BDFA" box="[284,2221,2731,2773]" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA8004CFED013D8C464BDFA" box="[284,569,2731,2773]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
Queensland
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA8FF83FE3413D8C45BBD91" attach="left" box="[504,518,2731,2750]" fontSize="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">0</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFCC513D8C5CFBDFA" box="[777,914,2731,2773]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">80.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFBA113D8C35ABDFA" box="[1133,1287,2731,2773]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA8FF83FB6913C3C29BBDFA" bold="true" box="[1189,1222,2736,2773]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CFA2E13D8C068BDFA" box="[1506,1589,2731,2773]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">578</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA8004CF93313D8CEF0BDFA" box="[1791,2221,2731,2773]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA8FF83F93313CBC1BBBDFB" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1791,2022,2743,2773]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA8FF83FED71388C362BCF1" pageId="48" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[284,2221,1586,2773]" targetPageId="48">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED71388C5FCBC38" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[283,929,2811,2845]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">aArtificially incubated in sand or vermiculite.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED01268C2B6BC10" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[284,1259,2843,2886]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">bvalues for nests moved to a protected hatchery on a natural beach.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED7123AC574BC4B" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[283,809,2889,2923]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">cvalues for different nesting seasons.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED6121BC7A5BCA1" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[282,504,2920,2958]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">¿ Data for 1977.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED612E6C260BC9F" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[282,1085,2965,3003]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">ÎData for 1978, estimated from nests marked when laid.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA8FF83FED712CDC362BCF1" blockId="48.[282,1343,2811,3038]" box="[283,1343,3005,3038]" pageId="48" pageNumber="42">' Data for 1978, estimated from nests excavated after hatchling emergence.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FE8B1899C2F9B1E9" blockId="49.[278,1223,490,1734]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
The temperature of natural loggerhead nests monitored in Florida averaged 28.7° C (range 26.1- 29.8°C;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FED11B23C47BB558" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[285,550,592,631]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), while nests in Japan ranged from approximately 24- 28 ° C (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FD0C1BF0C2EFB585" author="Uchida, I. & T. Kajihara" box="[704,1202,643,682]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="36 - 37" refId="ref95213" refString="Uchida, I., and T. Kajihara. 1977. On the temperatures in the nest of the Pacific loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta L.). Jpn. J. Herpetol. 7: 36 - 37 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1977">Uchida and Kajihara 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FED71BC6C47BB5F2" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[283,550,693,733]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the average temperature fluctuated from 27.8° C to 31.1°C, with extremes of 25.0° C to 33.9°C. The temperature of the egg mass, originally equal to the sand temperature, rises from 1.8 ° C to 2.3 ° C during the course of development (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FBED1A0CC735B4F8" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FE4E1AC2C427B4F8" author="Kraemer, J." box="[386,634,945,983]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FD571AC2C5FBB4F8" author="Kraemer, J." box="[667,934,945,983]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also showed that the rise in metabolic heat occurred gradually from 1 -5 weeks, sharply from 5-8 weeks, followed by a sharp decline until emergence. Some authors (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FB8D1D34C784B38E" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">Limpus et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FDCD1D0AC4BAB38E" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[513,743,1145,1185]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) have measured the sand temperature at the depth of an average nest in an attempt to monitor the thermal variation eggs would be exposed to on a beach. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FCAD1C63C222B218" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[865,1151,1296,1335]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has shown that a clutch of eggs is slightly warmer (average 0.9° C) than sand at the same depth. In any case, Australian beaches generally fluctuated from 25-32° C for the bulk of the nesting season. Island beach sand was typically 1 -2 °C cooler than mainland beach sand (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FEE81F48C4DEB14D" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" box="[292,643,1595,1634]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">Limpus et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Greater hatching success may occur in fine sands (0.25-0.125 mm diameter) when compared with more coarse sands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FC431FD3C2CEB1E9" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[911,1171,1696,1734]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref92092" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1982. Correlation of nest sand asymmetry and percent loggerhead sea turtle egg hatch in North Carolina determined by geological sorting analyses. ASB Bull. 29: 83 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1982">Schwartz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FEF31E70C5ACBECD" blockId="49.[270,1217,1795,2530]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
During incubation, oxygen consumption increases sigmoidally (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FE3A1E40C54FB075" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[502,786,1843,1882]" journalOrPublisher="Respir. Physiol." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="19 - 38" part="31" refId="ref64167" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1977. The respiratory gas exchange of sea turtle nests (Chelonia, Caretta). Respir. Physiol. 31: 19 - 38." title="The respiratory gas exchange of sea turtle nests (Chelonia, Caretta)." type="journal article" year="1977">Ackerman 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FCF71E40C5DAB075" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[827,903,1843,1882]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Zool." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="575 - 583" part="20" refId="ref64199" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1980. Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs. Am. Zool. 20: 575 - 583." title="Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
), and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FBC11E40C722B0A4" author="Ackerman, R. A." journalOrPublisher="Am. Zool." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="575 - 583" part="20" refId="ref64199" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1980. Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs. Am. Zool. 20: 575 - 583." title="Physiological and ecological aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs." type="journal article" year="1980">Ackerman (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has suggested that the construction of the sea turtle nest chamber functions to equalize gas exchange for all eggs buried in the clutch. He further suggested that the number of hatchlings produced relative to the number of eggs deposited by the female is related to nest gas exchange. Oxygen consumption increases rapidly during the second half of incubation and slows just prior to hatching. The oxygen consumed is about one half per g the amount consumed per g of an avian egg mass (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FED51055C474BE62" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[281,553,2342,2381]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="757 - 765" part="1981" refId="ref64229" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1981 a. Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta). Copeia 1981: 757 - 765." title="Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta" type="journal article" year="1981">Ackerman 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä). At similar egg masses, the oxygen cost of incubation increases as incubation time increases. Impeded gas exchange can prolong incubation time and increase egg mortality (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FD6210C8C583BECD" author="Ackerman, R. A." box="[686,990,2491,2530]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="757 - 765" part="1981" refId="ref64229" refString="Ackerman, R. A. 1981 a. Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta). Copeia 1981: 757 - 765." title="Growth and gas exchange of embryonic sea turtles [Chelonia, Caretta" type="journal article" year="1981">Ackerman 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FEF5136DCE60B46E" blockId="49.[272,1211,2590,3029]" lastBlockId="49.[1273,2217,339,833]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
Predation on loggerhead eggs has been reported from ghost crabs, ants, varanid lizards, crows (already partially depredated nests), rats, raccoons, pigs, foxes, dogs, and even bears (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA9FF82FDE713C7C495BDF3" box="[555,712,2740,2780]" captionStart="Table 21" captionStartId="55.[264,363,328,379]" captionTargetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" captionText="Table 21. Nonhuman predators ofloggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687">Table 21</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In the southeastern United States, raccoons are responsible for nearly all of the>90 % nest mortality on certain beaches (e.g., Ehrhart 19796). The literature also contains speculation about possible predators without documentation of actual predation; such references are not included in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA9FF82FBD612DCC2F4BCFA" box="[1050,1193,2991,3029]" captionStart="Table 21" captionStartId="55.[264,363,328,379]" captionTargetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" captionText="Table 21. Nonhuman predators ofloggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687">Table 21</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FB311820C02AB655" author="Wyneken, J. & T. J. Burke & M. Salmon & D. K. Pedersen" box="[1277,1655,339,378]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="88 - 96" refId="ref96858" refString="Wyneken, J., T. J. Burke, M. Salmon, and D. K. Pedersen. 1988. Egg failure in natural and relocated sea turtle nests. J. Herpetol. 22: 88 - 96." type="journal article" year="1988">Wyneken et al. (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that high species diversity ofbacteria in eggs or the occurrence of the same bacteria in both eggs and the laying female was correlated with lower hatching success. Bacteria included:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82F8241898CEC3B53D" box="[2024,2206,491,530]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Serratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F8241898CE07B53D" box="[2024,2138,491,530]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Serratia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82FB301B6DC38EB56B" box="[1276,1491,542,580]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Enterobacteriaceae" genus="Klebsiella" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Enterobacteriales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82FB301B6DC3D3B56B" box="[1276,1422,542,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Klebsiella</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82FA211B6DC0A8B56B" box="[1517,1781,542,580]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Moraxellaceae" genus="Acinetobacter" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Pseudomonadales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82FA211B6DC0EEB56B" box="[1517,1715,542,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Acinetobacter</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82F8C31B6DC1B1B56B" box="[1807,2028,542,580]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Moraxellaceae" genus="Moraxella" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Pseudomonadales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F8C31B6DC1F5B56B" box="[1807,1960,542,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Moraxella</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82F7C91B6DC373B558" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Aeromonadaceae" genus="Aeromonas" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Aeromonadales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F7C91B6DCEF5B56B" box="[2053,2216,542,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Aeromonas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82FA881B22C06DB558" box="[1348,1584,593,631]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Enterobacteriaceae" genus="Enterobacter" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Enterobacteriales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82FA881B22C3A8B558" box="[1348,1525,593,631]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Enterobacter</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82F9841B22C119B558" box="[1608,1860,593,631]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Pseudomonadaceae" genus="Pseudomonas" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Pseudomonadales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F9841B22C158B558" box="[1608,1797,593,631]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Pseudomonas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82F8641B22CE68B558" box="[1960,2101,593,631]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Vibrionaceae" genus="Vibrio" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Vibrionales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F8641B22C1A0B558" box="[1960,2045,593,631]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Vibrio</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
These authors also noted the presence of a fungus (possibly
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA9FF82FB351BC6C3C4B5F3" box="[1273,1433,693,732]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Meruliaceae" genus="Mucor" kingdom="Fungi" order="Polyporales" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82FB351BC6C303B5F3" box="[1273,1374,693,732]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Mucor</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
) in some eggs but it was not associated with any particular nonviable category of eggs. Nematodes may be found on broken eggs (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8E11A69CE76B46E" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1837,2091,794,833]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FAEF1A0DCEC4BE62" blockId="49.[1265,2215,894,2531]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
Additional mortality ofloggerhead nests may be due to beach erosion (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9E71AC2C142B4F8" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1579,1823,945,983]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8F71AC2CECCB4F8" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" box="[1851,2193,945,983]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), especially during tropical storms (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8711A91C30DB313" author="Witherington, B. E." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), disturbance by other nesting loggerheads or different species of sea turtles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9021D34C1FAB341" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1742,1959,1095,1134]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F80D1D34C313B38D" author="Witherington, B. E." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), invasion of clutches by plant roots (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F80D1D09C32CB3FC" author="Witherington, B. E." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986: 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
% of clutches invaded and destroyed, particularly by morning glory vine,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F9001DACCE54B229" box="[1740,2057,1247,1286]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">Ipomoea pes-caprae),</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and off-road vehicles crushing nests (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8C61C62C1B7B217" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1802,2026,1297,1336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F7DF1C62C399B245" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that 65 of 458 (14.2%) nests were destroyed by a combination of erosion and salt water inundation during the 1977 nesting season. Flooding due to sea water overwash is considered the major cause of nest failure at Masirah Island (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8F01F79C1ADB11E" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1852,2032,1546,1585]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In 1977, a hurricane at Masirah destroyed an estimated 42 % of the total season's egg output; flooding was less intense in 1978 but still destructive due to overwash from very high tides (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FA7B1FA2C031B1D7" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1463,1644,1745,1784]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9431FA2C137B1D7" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1679,1898,1745,1784]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that low nest success (<50 % hatching) was significantly correlated with overwash of the nest site. Excessive rainfall can also destroy nests by suffocating developing embryos and hatchlings (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F96C1EE5C1F8B093" author="Ragotzkie, R. A." box="[1696,1957,1942,1980]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="303 - 305" refId="ref89199" refString="Ragotzkie, R. A. 1959. Mortality of loggerhead turtle eggs from excessive rainfall. Ecology 40: 303 - 305." type="journal article" year="1959">Ragotzkie 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Kraemer and Bell 1980). Fritts and McGehee (1982
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F82F1EBBC1A0B0C0" box="[2019,2045,1992,2031]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F7D51EBBC0FDBF0F" author="Coston-Clements, L. & D. E. Hoss" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref70204" refString="Coston-Clements, L., and D. E. Hoss. 1983. Synopsis of data on the impact of habitat alteration on sea turtles around the southeastern United States. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 117, 57 pp." type="journal volume" year="1983">Coston-Clements and Hoss 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported that fresh crude oil causes significant embryonic mortality but that weathered crude may not. DDE levels of 9 loggerhead eggs from 9 clutches on Merritt Island, FL, averaged 0.047 ppm (range 0.024-0.090 ppm) in 1976 (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F83411B1C3A4BE34" author="Clark, D. R., Jr. & A. J. Krynitsky" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref69537" refString="Clark, D. R., Jr., and A. J. Krynitsky. 1980. Organochlorine residues in eggs ofloggerhead and green sea turtles nesting at Merritt Island, Florida - July and August 1976. Pestic. Monit. J. 14: 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1980">Clark and Krynitsky 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and 0.091 ppm in 1979
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F8671186C1A3BE34" box="[1963,2046,2293,2331]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
15 eggs; range 0.084-0.099 ppm;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9781054CED4BE62" author="Clark, D. R., Jr. & A. J. Krynitsky" box="[1716,2185,2343,2381]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="121 - 125" refId="ref69589" refString="Clark, D. R., Jr., and A. J. Krynitsky. 1985. DDE residues and artificial incubation ofloggerhead sea turtle eggs. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34: 121 - 125." type="journal article" year="1985">Clark and Krynitsky 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FB3E102AC19BBECC" blockId="49.[1265,2215,894,2531]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
Fletemeyer (1980) noted 0.034 ppm
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA9FF82F8A8102AC1EBBEAF" box="[1892,1974,2393,2432]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">(N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
4) in loggerhead eggs from southeast Florida. None of these values is considered deleterious to development.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA9FF82FA82133DC16ABD89" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FA82133DC184BD5B" blockId="49.[1358,2009,2638,2726]" box="[1358,2009,2638,2676]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">3.2 Embryonic and Hatchling Phase</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF82FA5613F3C16ABD89" blockId="49.[1358,2009,2638,2726]" box="[1434,1847,2688,2726]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">3.2. 1 Embryonic phase</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</heading>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA9FF81FADA1397C786B542" blockId="49.[1260,2205,2788,3027]" lastBlockId="50.[291,1235,332,621]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="49" pageNumber="43">
|
||
|
|
Although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FA0F1397C0E6BC24" author="Agassiz, L." bookContentInfo="First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA" box="[1475,1723,2788,2827]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref64292" refString="Agassiz, L. 1857. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA." title="Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America." type="book" year="1857">Agassiz (1857)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
was the first to describe the development of the loggerhead, few studies have discussed the development of this species since (e. g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FB221209C3A4BC8E" author="Mitsukuri, K." box="[1262,1529,2938,2977]" journalOrPublisher="J. Coll. Sei., Imp. Univ., Tokyo" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 277" part="6" refId="ref85510" refString="Mitsukuri, K. 1894. On the process of gastrulation in Chelonia. J. Coll. Sei., Imp. Univ., Tokyo 6 (4): 227 - 277." title="On the process of gastrulation in Chelonia" type="journal article" year="1894">Mitsukuri 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9D71209C02FBC8E" author="Mitsukuri, K." box="[1563,1650,2938,2977]" journalOrPublisher="J. Coll. Sei., Imp. Univ., Tokyo" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 118" part="10" refId="ref85546" refString="Mitsukuri, K. 1896 - 98. On the fate of the blastopore. The relations of the primitive streak and the formation of the posterior end of the embryo in Chelonia, together with remarks on the nature of meroblastic ova in vertebrates. J. Coll. Sei., Imp. Univ., Tokyo 10: 1 - 118." title="On the fate of the blastopore. The relations of the primitive streak and the formation of the posterior end of the embryo in Chelonia, together with remarks on the nature of meroblastic ova in vertebrates." type="journal article" year="1896">1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
-98;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F9721209C1F6BC8E" author="Jordan, H. E." box="[1726,1963,2938,2977]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="347 - 360" refId="ref79641" refString="Jordan, H. E. 1917 a. Atresia of the esophagus in the embryo of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta): a normal developmental condition. Publ. Carnegie Inst. Contr. Embryol. (251): 347 - 360." type="journal article" year="1917">Jordan 1917a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F8001209CE40BC8E" author="Jordan, H. E." box="[1996,2077,2938,2977]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="347 - 360" refId="ref79641" refString="Jordan, H. E. 1917 a. Atresia of the esophagus in the embryo of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta): a normal developmental condition. Publ. Carnegie Inst. Contr. Embryol. (251): 347 - 360." type="journal article" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82F7851209C3F8BCFC" author="Fujiwara, M." pageId="49" pageNumber="43" pagination="47 - 60" refId="ref74826" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1966. The early development of the marine turtle with special reference to the formation of germ layers in Amniota. Bull. Tokyo Gakugai Univ. 18 (Ser. IV): 47 - 60 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1966">Fujiwara 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA9FF82FA0512DFC0F5BCFC" author="Ewert, M. A." box="[1481,1704,2988,3027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="43" refId="ref72518" refString="Ewert, M. A. 1985. Embryology of turtles. Pages 75 - 267 in C. Gans, F. Billett, and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). John Wiley & Sons, New York." type="book" year="1985">Ewert (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reviewed the embryology of turtles in general with some reference to the literature on
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FE93180DC789B68A" box="[351,468,382,421]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FE93180DC794B68A" box="[351,457,382,421]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FDFA180DC541B68A" author="Miller, J. D." box="[566,796,382,421]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">Miller (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reviewed the early work on the developmental biology of the loggerhead.
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAAFF81FEE81891C7E0B526" box="[292,445,482,521]" captionStart="Table 19" captionStartId="50.[289,387,1716,1749]" captionTargetBox="[285,2226,1798,2919]" captionText="Table 19. Descriptions of the anatomy of embryonic and hatchling Caretta caretta." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1">Table 19</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
summarizes references to the developmental biology of embryos and the anatomy of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FBA41B67C28EB513" box="[1128,1235,532,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FBA41B67C28EB513" box="[1128,1235,532,572]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
hatchlings.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FE811BE8C439B3EF" blockId="50.[291,1236,667,1216]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
The most comprehensive work to date is that ofMiller (1982, 1985) who studied the embyology of five indigenous species of sea turtles in Australia, including
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FEEA1A47C7CBB474" box="[294,406,820,859]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FEEA1A47C7D1B474" box="[294,396,820,859]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
He divided the developmental period into 6 pre-ovipositional stages and 25 post-ovipositional stages, provided descriptive accounts and photographs of each stage, gave measurements of embryos at each stage, and provided a chart comparing relative sizes of embryos incubated at different temperatures. He noted that these developmental stages are similar in all marine turtles except
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FE6D1DE9C439B3EF" box="[417,612,1178,1216]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FE6D1DE9C407B3EF" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[417,602,1178,1216]" class="Testudines" family="Dermochelyidae" genus="Dermochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dermochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FE801D9EC4C3B269" blockId="50.[292,1234,1261,1350]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
The developmental stages are summarized briefly as follows (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FE751C6CC4D6B269" author="Miller, J. D." box="[441,651,1311,1350]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">Miller 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
):
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FEEF1C01C4B2B2B6" blockId="50.[291,1232,1394,1583]" box="[291,751,1394,1433]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FEEF1C01C4B2B2B6" box="[291,751,1394,1433]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Pre-ovipositional stages (1 -6)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FEE81CD7C214B2E5" blockId="50.[291,1232,1394,1583]" box="[292,1097,1444,1482]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 1. Single furrow forms initial cleavage.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FEE81CA5C261B100" blockId="50.[291,1232,1394,1583]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 2. Embryonic area contains about 100 blastomeres surrounded by deep cleavage furrows.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACB1838CE43B68B" blockId="50.[1286,2229,331,824]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 3. Embryonic area contains about 300 blastomeres surrounded by deep cleavage furrows.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACB18DCC10EB527" blockId="50.[1286,2229,331,824]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 4. Embryonic area contains small blastomeres surrounded by large blastomeres.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FAC41B60C322B58F" blockId="50.[1286,2229,331,824]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 5. Embryonic area contains equally sized small blastomeres; peripheral cleavage furrows reduced or absent.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACB1BDFC069B417" blockId="50.[1286,2229,331,824]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 6. Dorsally, embryonic area situated eccentrically and posterior to ovoid pellucid area; blastopore present as transverse slit.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACA1A04C0ABB48F" blockId="50.[1285,2233,887,1583]" box="[1286,1782,887,928]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FACA1A04C0ABB48F" box="[1286,1782,887,928]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Post-ovipositional stages (7-31)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACA1AD8C1A1B315" blockId="50.[1285,2233,887,1583]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 7. Head fold shallow transverse groove; area of notochord forms elevated triangle; extra-embryonic mesoderm extending along lateral borders.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACA1D36C3C1B3FF" blockId="50.[1285,2233,887,1583]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 8. Embryonic shield oval; head fold semicircular furrow at apex of neural groove; embryonic plate thickens.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACA1DAFCE4BB2E4" blockId="50.[1285,2233,887,1583]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
Stage 9. Blastodisk is an elongated oval with the chordomesodermal canal located at posterior end; neural groove and neural folds are distinct.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F84E1C33CE3BB247" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1922,2150,1344,1384]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also noted the frequency of various shapes of the blastopore in 38
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FABF1CD7C380B2E4" box="[1395,1501,1444,1483]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FABF1CD7C380B2E4" box="[1395,1501,1444,1483]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
blastodisks during gastrulation.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FACA1CA5CE1CB100" blockId="50.[1285,2233,887,1583]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stage 10 Two to three pairs of somites; head fold a deep inverted U-shape; head process slightly raised.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1" box="[289,1630,1709,1749]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" startId="50.[289,387,1716,1749]" targetBox="[285,2226,1798,2919]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="50" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FEED1FC7C003B1E1" blockId="50.[289,1630,1709,1749]" box="[289,1630,1709,1749]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
Table 19.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAAFF81FE2C1FC1C361B1E0" box="[480,1340,1710,1747]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Descriptions of the anatomy of embryonic and hatchling</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAAFF81FA811FDDC004B1E1" box="[1357,1625,1709,1743]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FEEC1E7BC129BC4A" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFAA004CFED11E75CEEFBC48" box="[285,2226,1798,2919]" gridcols="4" gridrows="20" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11E75CEEFB00A" box="[285,2226,1798,1829]" gridrow="0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11E75C481B00A" box="[285,732,1798,1829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Organ/system</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1E75C2D0B00A" box="[807,1165,1798,1829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Aspect</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFB161E75C301B00A" box="[1242,1372,1798,1829]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Group</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1E75CEEFB00A" box="[1443,2226,1798,1829]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11E2BCEEFB059" box="[285,2226,1880,1910]" gridrow="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11E2BC481B059" box="[285,732,1880,1910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Adrenal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1E2BC2D0B059" box="[807,1165,1880,1910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Origin</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161E2BC301B059" box="[1242,1372,1880,1910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1E2BCEEFB059" box="[1443,2226,1880,1910]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA651E2AC021B05A" author="Kuntz, A." box="[1449,1660,1880,1910]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="71 - 89" refId="ref80894" refString="Kuntz, A. 1912. The development of the adrenals in the turtle. Am. J. Anat. 13 (l): 71 - 89." type="journal article" year="1912">Kuntz (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11EF5CEEFB08A" box="[285,2226,1926,1957]" gridrow="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11EF5C481B08A" box="[285,732,1926,1957]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Chordomesodermal canal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1EF5C2D0B08A" box="[807,1165,1926,1957]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161EF5C301B08A" box="[1242,1372,1926,1957]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1EF5CEEFB08A" box="[1443,2226,1926,1957]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA661EF4C0C4B08C" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[1450,1689,1926,1956]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref74872" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1971 a. An observation about formation and reduction of the egg tooth in Pacific loggerhead turtle. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 4: 25." type="journal volume" year="1971">Fujiwara (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11EC0CEEFB0FD" box="[285,2226,1971,2002]" gridrow="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11EC0C481B0FD" box="[285,732,1971,2002]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Esophagus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1EC0C2D0B0FD" box="[807,1165,1971,2002]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161EC0C301B0FD" box="[1242,1372,1971,2002]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1EC0CEEFB0FD" box="[1443,2226,1971,2002]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA681EC6C0C9B0FE" author="Jordan, H. E." box="[1444,1684,1972,2002]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="347 - 360" refId="ref79641" refString="Jordan, H. E. 1917 a. Atresia of the esophagus in the embryo of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta): a normal developmental condition. Publ. Carnegie Inst. Contr. Embryol. (251): 347 - 360." type="journal article" year="1917">Jordan (1917a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11EACCEEFB0D0" box="[285,2226,2015,2047]" gridrow="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11EACC481B0D0" box="[285,732,2015,2047]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Embryonic membranes</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1EACC2D0B0D0" box="[807,1165,2015,2047]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Description</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161EACC301B0D0" box="[1242,1372,2015,2047]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1EACCEEFB0D0" box="[1443,2226,2015,2047]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA651E92C111B0D3" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" box="[1449,1868,2015,2046]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED1117DCEEFBF03" box="[285,2226,2062,2092]" gridrow="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED1117DC481BF03" box="[285,732,2062,2092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Eye</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB117DC2D0BF77" box="[807,1165,2062,2136]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Structure of orbit, eyeball & retina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB16117DC301BF03" box="[1242,1372,2062,2092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">H to A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F117DCEEFBF03" box="[1443,2226,2062,2092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA65117DC08CBF04" author="Underwood, G. L." box="[1449,1745,2062,2091]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref95308" refString="Underwood, G. L. 1970. The eye. Pages 1 - 97 in C. Gans and T. Parsons (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 1 (Morphology A). Academic Press, New York." type="book" year="1970">Underwood (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11115CEEFBFA7" box="[285,2226,2150,2184]" gridrow="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11115C481BFA7" box="[285,732,2150,2184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Germ layers</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1115C2D0BFA7" box="[807,1165,2150,2184]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161115C301BFA7" box="[1242,1372,2150,2184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1115CEEFBF9B" box="[1443,2226,2150,2228]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
Jordan (19174);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F97E111AC1ECBFAA" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[1714,1969,2152,2182]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="47 - 60" refId="ref74826" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1966. The early development of the marine turtle with special reference to the formation of germ layers in Amniota. Bull. Tokyo Gakugai Univ. 18 (Ser. IV): 47 - 60 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1966">Fujiwara (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Fujimoto et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA0111E4C06FBF9B" author="Fujimoto, T. & A. Ukeshima & Y. Miyayama & F. Horio & E. Ninomiya" box="[1485,1586,2199,2228]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="3 - 10" refId="ref74737" refString="Fujimoto, T., A. Ukeshima, Y. Miyayama, F. Horio, and E. Ninomiya. 1979. Observations of primordial germ cells in the turtle embryo, Caretta caretta. Light microscopic and electron microscopic studies. Dev. Growth Differ. 21 (1): 3 - 10." type="journal article" year="1979">(1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F98011E4C1C2BF9D" author="Kuwana, T. & E. Ninomiya & Y. Miyamaya & A. Ukeshima & T. Fujimoto" box="[1612,1951,2197,2228]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="59 - 65" refId="ref81020" refString="Kuwana, T., E. Ninomiya, Y. Miyamaya, A. Ukeshima, and T. Fujimoto. 1980. Ultrastructural observations on primordial germ cells in extragonadal locations of the turtle embryo, Caretta caretta. Kumamoto Med. J. 33 (3): 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1980">Kuwana et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED111B1CEEFBFCD" box="[285,2226,2242,2274]" gridrow="7" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED111B1C481BFCD" box="[285,732,2242,2274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Gonads</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB11B1C2D0BFCD" box="[807,1165,2242,2274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Sex differentiation</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB1611B1C301BFCD" box="[1242,1372,2242,2274]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F11B1CEEFBFCD" box="[1443,2226,2242,2274]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6511B6C1C6BFCF" author="Yntema, C. L." box="[1449,1947,2243,2274]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="33 - 36" refId="ref97064" refString="Yntema, C. L. 1980. Sexual differentiation in hatchling loggerheads (Caretta caretta) incubated at different controlled temperatures. Herpetologica 36: 33 - 36." type="journal article" year="1980">Yntema and Mrosovsky (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Reed
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F7DF11B1CE2EBFF0" author="Reed, P. C." box="[2067,2163,2242,2271]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref89517" refString="Reed, P. C. 1980. The sex ratios of hatchling loggerhead turtles - the progeny of two nesting adult females. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University; Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">(1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11183CEEFBE3F" box="[285,2226,2288,2320]" gridrow="8" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11183C481BE3F" box="[285,732,2288,2320]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Hindgut</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1183C2D0BE3F" box="[807,1165,2288,2320]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161183C301BE3F" box="[1242,1372,2288,2320]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1183CEEFBE3F" box="[1443,2226,2288,2320]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA661182C0EEBE22" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[1450,1715,2288,2318]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="31 - 32" refId="ref74972" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1973 a. Note on the tail gut in the embryo of the Pacific loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta gigas). Jpn. J. Herpetol. 5: 31 - 32." type="journal article" year="1973">Fujiwara (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED1106DCEEFBE12" box="[285,2226,2334,2365]" gridrow="9" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED1106DC481BE12" box="[285,732,2334,2365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Kidney</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB106DC2D0BE12" box="[807,1165,2334,2365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB16106DC301BE12" box="[1242,1372,2334,2365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F106DCEEFBE12" box="[1443,2226,2334,2365]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA64106CC0C3BE14" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[1448,1694,2334,2364]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="31 - 32" refId="ref74972" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1973 a. Note on the tail gut in the embryo of the Pacific loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta gigas). Jpn. J. Herpetol. 5: 31 - 32." type="journal article" year="1973">Fujiwara (1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F91D106DC199BE14" author="Fujihara, S." box="[1745,1988,2334,2363]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref74708" refString="Fujihara, S. 1972. Primordial kidney of loggerhead turtle. Zool. Mag. (Tokyo) 81 (4): 298 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1972">Fujihara (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11036CEEFBE44" box="[285,2226,2373,2411]" gridrow="10" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11036C481BE44" box="[285,732,2373,2411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Lacrimal gland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1036C2D0BEB5" box="[807,1165,2373,2458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Histochemistry/fine structure</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161036C301BE44" box="[1242,1372,2373,2411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
H to A
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFAAFF81FA811036C301BE77" attach="left" box="[1357,1372,2373,2392]" fontSize="5" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">ᵃ</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1036CEEFBE44" box="[1443,2226,2373,2411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6A103DC0A4BE46" author="Abel, J. H., Jr. & R. A. Ellis" box="[1446,1785,2380,2411]" journalOrPublisher="Am. J. Anat." pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="337 - 358" part="118" refId="ref64121" refString="Abel, J. H., Jr., and R. A. Ellis. 1966. Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles. Am. J. Anat. 118: 337 - 358." title="Histochemical and electron microscope observations on the salt secreting lacrymal glands of marine turtles." type="journal article" year="1966">Abel and Ellis (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED110DACEEFBEE7" box="[285,2226,2473,2504]" gridrow="11" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED110DAC481BEE7" box="[285,732,2473,2504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Lymph sacs</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB10DAC2D0BEE7" box="[807,1165,2473,2504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Origin/development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB1610DAC301BEE7" box="[1242,1372,2473,2504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F10DACEEFBEE7" box="[1443,2226,2473,2504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6B10D8C0B1BEE9" author="Van der Jagt, E. R." box="[1447,1772,2473,2504]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref95460" refString="Van der Jagt, E. R. 1931. The origin and development of the anterior lymph-sacs in the sea-turtle {Thalassochelys caretta). Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Iowa, Ames." type="book" year="1931">Van Der Jagt (1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F8CA10DAC110BEE9" author="Van der Jagt, E. R." box="[1798,1869,2473,2502]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="151 - 163" refId="ref95500" refString="Van der Jagt, E. R. 1932. The origin and development of the anterior lymph-sacs in the sea-turtle {Thalassochelys caretta). Q. J. Microsc. Sei., n. s., No. 297: 151 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED110A4CEEFBED8" box="[285,2226,2519,2551]" gridrow="12" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED110A4C481BED8" box="[285,732,2519,2551]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Lymphatic system</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB10A4C2D0BED8" box="[807,1165,2519,2551]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB1610A4C301BED8" box="[1242,1372,2519,2551]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F10A4CEEFBED8" box="[1443,2226,2519,2551]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6510ABC0E8BEDB" author="Stromsten, F. A." box="[1449,1717,2519,2549]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="343 - 355" refId="ref94193" refString="Stromsten, F. A. 1912. On the development of the prevertebral (thoracic) duct in turtles as indicated by a study of injected and uninjected embryos. Anat. Rec. 6: 343 - 355." type="journal article" year="1912">Stromsten (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11375CEEFBD0A" box="[285,2226,2566,2597]" gridrow="13" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11375C481BD0A" box="[285,732,2566,2597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Nervous system</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1375C2D0BD7D" box="[807,1165,2566,2642]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development of sympathetic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161375C301BD0A" box="[1242,1372,2566,2597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1375CEEFBD0A" box="[1443,2226,2566,2597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA64137BC027BD0B" author="Kuntz, A." box="[1448,1658,2567,2597]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="279 - 312" refId="ref80863" refString="Kuntz, A. 1911. The development of the sympathetic nervous system in turtles. Am. J. Anat. 11 (3): 279 - 312." type="journal article" year="1911">Kuntz (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11312CEEFBDAC" box="[285,2226,2657,2691]" gridrow="14" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11312C481BDAC" box="[285,732,2657,2691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Nose</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1312C2D0BDAC" box="[807,1165,2657,2691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Histology of egg tooth</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161312C301BDAC" box="[1242,1372,2657,2691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1312CEEFBDAC" box="[1443,2226,2657,2691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA641315C1D6BDAF" author="Ogawa, T. & S. Nagahama" box="[1448,1931,2659,2691]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="17 - 18" refId="ref86782" refString="Ogawa, T., and S. Nagahama. 1971. Histological study of the turtle egg tooth. Acta Herpetol. Jpn. 4: 17 - 18." type="journal article" year="1971">Ogawa and Nagahama (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F8691311CEF3BD51" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[1957,2222,2657,2687]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref74872" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1971 a. An observation about formation and reduction of the egg tooth in Pacific loggerhead turtle. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 4: 25." type="journal volume" year="1971">Fujiwara (1971a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED113E2CEEFBD9F" box="[285,2226,2705,2736]" gridrow="15" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED113E2C481BD9F" box="[285,732,2705,2736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Pineal-paraphyseal complex</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB13E2C2D0BD9F" box="[807,1165,2705,2736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Structure</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB1613E2C301BD9F" box="[1242,1372,2705,2736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F13E2CEEFBD9F" box="[1443,2226,2705,2736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6413E0C165BD81" author="Owens, D. W. & C. L. Ralph" box="[1448,1848,2705,2736]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref87249" refString="Owens, D. W., and C. L. Ralph. 1978. The pineal-paraphyseal complex of sea turtles I. Light microscopic description. J. Morphol. 158: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Owens and Ralph (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED113CCCEEFBDF1" box="[285,2226,2751,2782]" gridrow="16" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED113CCC481BDF1" box="[285,732,2751,2782]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Pituitary</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB13CCC2D0BDF1" box="[807,1165,2751,2782]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB1613CCC301BDF1" box="[1242,1372,2751,2782]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F13CCCEEFBDF1" box="[1443,2226,2751,2782]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6413B3C0AEBDF3" author="Pearson, A. K. & G. Z. Wurst & J. E. Cadle" box="[1448,1779,2751,2781]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="13 - 37" refId="ref87898" refString="Pearson, A. K., G. Z. Wurst, and J. E. Cadle. 1983. Ontogeny and immunocytochemical differentiation of the pituitary gland in a sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Anat. Embryol. 167: 13 - 37." type="journal article" year="1983">Pearson et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED1139FCEEFBC24" box="[285,2226,2796,2827]" gridrow="17" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED1139FC481BC24" box="[285,732,2796,2827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Stomach</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB139FC2D0BC24" box="[807,1165,2796,2827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Development</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB16139FC301BC24" box="[1242,1372,2796,2827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F139FCEEFBC24" box="[1443,2226,2796,2827]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA64139EC0FEBC25" author="Sjongren, S. J." box="[1448,1699,2797,2826]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref92719" refString="Sjongren, S. J. 1945. Uber die Embryonalentwicklung des Sauropsiden-magens. Acta Anat. Suppl. 2: 1 - 223." type="journal article" year="1945">Sjongren (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED11268CEEFBC16" box="[285,2226,2843,2873]" gridrow="18" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED11268C481BC16" box="[285,732,2843,2873]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Whole animal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB1268C2D0BC16" box="[807,1165,2843,2873]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Description/stages</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB161268C301BC16" box="[1242,1372,2843,2873]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E to H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F1268CEEFBC16" box="[1443,2226,2843,2873]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA64126FC032BC17" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1448,1647,2843,2873]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F9471268C08FBC17" author="Miller, J. D." box="[1675,1746,2843,2872]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAA004CFED1123BCEEFBC48" box="[285,2226,2888,2919]" gridrow="19" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAA004CFED1123BC481BC48" box="[285,732,2888,2919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Whole animal</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFCEB123BC2D0BC48" box="[807,1165,2888,2919]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">Description</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFB16123BC301BC48" box="[1242,1372,2888,2919]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">E to H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAA004CFA6F123BCEEFBC48" box="[1443,2226,2888,2919]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81FA6B1239C0D2BC49" author="Agassiz, L." bookContentInfo="First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA" box="[1447,1679,2889,2919]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref64292" refString="Agassiz, L. 1857. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA." title="Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America." type="book" year="1857">Agassiz (1857)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAAFF81F964123BC129BC4A" author="Ewert, M. A." box="[1704,1908,2888,2917]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" refId="ref72518" refString="Ewert, M. A. 1985. Embryology of turtles. Pages 75 - 267 in C. Gans, F. Billett, and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). John Wiley & Sons, New York." type="book" year="1985">Ewert (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFAAFF81FED212E3C5D7BCE0" pageId="50" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[285,2226,1798,2919]" targetPageId="50">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FED212E3C2FDBC9F" blockId="50.[286,1184,2960,3031]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">“ Described “ ” Camila but as young no measurements provided.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAAFF81FED212DDC5D7BCE0" blockId="50.[286,1184,2960,3031]" box="[286,906,2990,3031]" pageId="50" pageNumber="44">3 E - embryo; H = hatchling; A = adult.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEDD1821C5A2B6F1" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 11. Five to six pairs of somites; neural folds fused behind head, but remain open for the length of the body; optic vesicles lie lateral to prosencephalon.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEDC189AC426B55B" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 12. Eight to ten pairs of somites; optic vesicles just visible; heart as endocardial tubes; amnion covers one-half total length.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEDC1BF3C55FB423" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 13. Twelve to thirteen pairs of somites; anterior neuropore closed; optic vesicles prominent; heart S-shaped; lateral body folds.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC31A64C790B4F9" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 14. Fifteen to seventeen pairs of somites; neural folds fused anteriorly; lenses forming; first pharyngeal cleavage evident; heart beating; amnion covers neurenteric canal.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC31A92C508B342" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 15. Nineteen to twenty-one pairs of somites; first pharyngeal cleavage open, 2 nd and 3 rd as grooves; mouth open; lenses recognizable.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC21D0BC5DFB21B" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 16. Twenty-three to twenty-seven pairs of somites; two pharyngeal clefts open; small limb buds; tail process extends beyond base ofhindlimbs; blood islands visible; cranial and cervical flexure.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC21C4CC4EDB2D3" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 17. Twenty-nine to thirty-four pairs of somites; 3rd, 4th, 5th pharyngeal clefts fusing; retinas pigmented; lateral body walls well-defined; tail long and straight; small allantois.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC11F74C7BDB1ED" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 18. Thirty-five to forty pairs of somites; pharyngeal clefts partially obscured; limb buds forming distally; choroid fissure a conspicuous streak; urinogenital prominence.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC11FBDC589B077" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 19. More than 45 pairs of somites; 15 somites visible in tail; all pharyngeal clefts closing; limb buds at paddle stage; tail curled anteroventrally.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC01E10C526B093" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 20. Somites difficult to see; limb stalk of forelimbs obvious; allantois larger than head.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC01EB4C7CCBF7F" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 21. All pharyngeal clefts covered; carapace evident as a marginal ridge; inframarginal area not defined.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC7112FC7E3BFCB" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 22. No digital ridges visible; lateral edge of plastron evident; radii of irides distinct; tail longer than hindlimbs.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC61182C7A2BE82" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 23. Foreflippers elongated; digital ridges; posterior border of carapace a low postcentral ridge; scutes not differentiated; nasolabial groove fused; choroid fissure absent.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC610CBC43FBD5B" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 24. Digital ridges well-developed; hindflippers mostly rounded; central scutes faintly differentiated; rugose beak; irides fully pigmented; scleral ossicles in ventral half of eyes.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC613F3C27BBC26" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 25. Foreflippers long and unpigmented; claws on first digit; phalanges well-defined; periphery of carapace complete; scleral ossicles; intestine herniated.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC71266C50EBCB1" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 26. Scales may be present on flippers; all scales on carapace, plastron, and bridge distinct; scales on head visible; plastron pigmented.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FEC612D9CE55B685" blockId="51.[265,1211,338,3025]" lastBlockId="51.[1262,2204,337,930]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 27. Volume of yolk greater than volume of embryo; scales of head pigmented; periocular scales distinct; transverse fold of plastron a trough.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FB3C18C6C022B56E" blockId="51.[1262,2204,337,930]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 28. Volume of yolk equals volume of embryo; eyelid encroaches on lenses; urinogenital papilla withdrawn into cloaca.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FB3C1B3FC140B589" blockId="51.[1262,2204,337,930]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 29. Embryo 1.5 to 4 times the volume of yolk; hatchling pigmentation present.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FB231BC2CE44B425" blockId="51.[1262,2204,337,930]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 30. Pipping occurs; embryo 5 to 11 times volume of yolk; yolk partly withdrawn into abdomen.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FB231A66C3B1B48D" blockId="51.[1262,2204,337,930]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Stage 31. Hatching; yolk mostly to completely withdrawn into abdomen and covered by pigmented tissue; umbilical scar.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FAD41A83C135B111" blockId="51.[1260,2207,1008,1598]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FAD41A83C089B337" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" box="[1304,1748,1008,1048]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
discussed the formation of embryonic membranes in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFABFF80F9761D50C179B364" box="[1722,1828,1059,1099]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFABFF80F9761D50C179B364" box="[1722,1828,1059,1099]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(with photographs of histological cross-sections), and compared gross morphology of development with that of the freshwater turtle
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFABFF80FB231DC9C04FB3CD" box="[1263,1554,1210,1250]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFABFF80FB231DC9C054B3CD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1263,1545,1210,1250]" class="Testudines" family="Chelydridae" genus="Chelydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serpentina">Chelydra serpentina</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The chorioamnion begins to fold over the embryo at day 2 of development. By day 3, the chorion and amnion are distinct and by day 4, the amnion is distinctly two-layered. The outer layer of the amnion eventually fuses with the yolk sac membrane and the chorionic mesoderm; the chorion adheres to the shell membrane.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F9E21C97C146B123" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1582,1819,1508,1548]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted the lack of a vitelline membrane in yolkless eggs.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FAD91FFEC096BF6F" blockId="51.[1258,2199,1677,2112]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">
|
||
|
|
Organogenesis has been summarized for marine turtles by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FA581FCDC03FB1CA" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1428,1634,1726,1765]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F94C1FCDC08CB1CA" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & J. D. Miller" box="[1664,1745,1726,1765]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" refId="ref82769" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, and J. D. Miller. 1985. Temperature dependent sex determination in Queensland sea turtles: Intraspecific variation in Caretta caretta. Pages 343 - 351 in G. Grigg, R. Shine, and H. Ehrmann (eds.), Biology of Australasian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty Pty. Ltd., Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia." type="book" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Primordial germ cells are imbedded in the yolk sac endoderm at the anterolateral sides of the blastopore at day 5 to day 6 of development (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FB341E20C03AB056" author="Kuwana, T. & E. Ninomiya & Y. Miyamaya & A. Ukeshima & T. Fujimoto" box="[1272,1639,1875,1913]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="59 - 65" refId="ref81020" refString="Kuwana, T., E. Ninomiya, Y. Miyamaya, A. Ukeshima, and T. Fujimoto. 1980. Ultrastructural observations on primordial germ cells in extragonadal locations of the turtle embryo, Caretta caretta. Kumamoto Med. J. 33 (3): 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1980">Kuwana et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F9461E20C1C5B056" author="Jordan, H. E." box="[1674,1944,1875,1913]" journalOrPublisher="Publ. Carnegie Inst. Contr. Embryol." pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="313 - 344" part="251" refId="ref79688" refString="Jordan, H. E. 1917 b. Embryonic history of the germ cells of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Publ. Carnegie Inst. Contr. Embryol. (251): 313 - 344." title="Embryonic history of the germ cells of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta)" type="journal article" year="1917">
|
||
|
|
Jordan (1917
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFABFF80F8B91E20C1D7B056" box="[1909,1930,1875,1913]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">b</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the migratory route of the primordial germ cells and noted similarities with freshwater turtles; the period of greatest movement is between day 7 and day 12 and is essentially completed by day 16.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFABFF80FAD811FDC028BCFE" blockId="51.[1256,2198,2190,3025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FAD811FDC06ABF99" author="Stromsten, F. A." box="[1300,1591,2190,2230]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="343 - 355" refId="ref94193" refString="Stromsten, F. A. 1912. On the development of the prevertebral (thoracic) duct in turtles as indicated by a study of injected and uninjected embryos. Anat. Rec. 6: 343 - 355." type="journal article" year="1912">Stromsten (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the peri-aortic lymphatic plexus and noted that it forms from days 23 through 30 of development. The anterior lymph sac is well-developed by day 24 of development. It arises from a vacuolation of mesenchyme in the region of the cardinal tributaries, a process described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F8F410FBCEDEBE81" author="Van der Jagt, E. R." box="[1848,2179,2440,2478]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" refId="ref95460" refString="Van der Jagt, E. R. 1931. The origin and development of the anterior lymph-sacs in the sea-turtle {Thalassochelys caretta). Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Iowa, Ames." type="book" year="1931">Van Der Jagt (1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FB2010C9C363BECE" author="Van der Jagt, E. R." box="[1260,1342,2490,2529]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="151 - 163" refId="ref95500" refString="Van der Jagt, E. R. 1932. The origin and development of the anterior lymph-sacs in the sea-turtle {Thalassochelys caretta). Q. J. Microsc. Sei., n. s., No. 297: 151 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FAAD10C9C01EBECE" author="Kuntz, A." box="[1377,1603,2490,2529]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="71 - 89" refId="ref80894" refString="Kuntz, A. 1912. The development of the adrenals in the turtle. Am. J. Anat. 13 (l): 71 - 89." type="journal article" year="1912">Kuntz (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the origin of the adrenal from coelomic epithelium.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F90D1098CE7ABD3D" author="Pearson, A. K. & G. Z. Wurst & J. E. Cadle" box="[1729,2087,2539,2578]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="13 - 37" refId="ref87898" refString="Pearson, A. K., G. Z. Wurst, and J. E. Cadle. 1983. Ontogeny and immunocytochemical differentiation of the pituitary gland in a sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Anat. Embryol. 167: 13 - 37." type="journal article" year="1983">Pearson et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the pituitary and the apex of the hypophyseal angle are derived from the stomodeal epithelium and epithelium of mixed origin; they provided histological cross-sections of the complex during development.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80FB241397C0D3BC24" author="Owens, D. W. & C. L. Ralph" box="[1256,1678,2788,2827]" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref87249" refString="Owens, D. W., and C. L. Ralph. 1978. The pineal-paraphyseal complex of sea turtles I. Light microscopic description. J. Morphol. 158: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Owens and Ralph (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described the complex pineal-paraphyseal interrelationship in hatchlings.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFABFF80F80A1265C079BC41" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" pageId="51" pageNumber="45" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">Yntema and Mrosovsky (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
compared the gonads of male and female hatchlings and provided histological photographs illustrating differences.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF87FE9E183AC4CDB4FF" blockId="52.[294,1238,329,976]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
Much of the work on the biochemistry of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFACFF87FBD3183AC2D5B65F" box="[1055,1160,329,368]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFACFF87FBD3183AC2D5B65F" box="[1055,1160,329,368]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
embryos was performed by Japanese workers in the late 1920's through the early 1930 's. Summaries are provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FE191892C4E0B526" author="Miller, J. D." box="[469,701,481,521]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">Miller (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFACFF87FC941892C5A9B526" box="[856,1012,481,521]" captionStart="Table 20" captionStartId="52.[292,391,1058,1098]" captionTargetBox="[284,2221,1147,3001]" captionText="Table 20. Biochemical changes during development of the loggerhead embryo (adaptedfrom Miller 1985)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365">Table 20</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FBDB1892C7F9B514" author="Karashima, J." pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FDCF1B67C530B514" author="Bustard, H. R. & K. Simkiss & N. K. Jenkins" box="[515,877,532,571]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="311 - 315" refId="ref68168" refString="Bustard, H. R., K. Simkiss, and N. K. Jenkins. 1969. Some analyses of artificially incubated eggs and hatchlings of green and loggerhead sea turtles. J. Zool. (Lond.) 158: 311 - 315." type="journal article" year="1969">Bustard et al. (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
presented divergent results on the fate of magnesium during development. One additional paper discussed enzymes during development in sea turtles, presumably loggerheads (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FBAC1BD9C720B42C" author="Sagara, J. - I." pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="379 - 382" refId="ref90871" refString="Sagara, J. - I. 1929. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. VII. Uber Fermente im Meerschildkrotenei. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 379 - 382." type="journal article" year="1929">Sagara 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Enzymes discussed include diastase, lipase, nuclease, and trypsin, but since symbols in the table are not explained and the text does not clarify the table, it is impossible to determine the fates of these enzymes during development.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF87FAF81839CEFAB5FE" blockId="52.[1289,2231,330,721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FAF81839C00DB65D" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1332,1616,330,370]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9661839C1D7B65D" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1706,1930,330,370]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided reviews of deformities during the development of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFACFF87F837180ECE38B68B" box="[2043,2149,381,420]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFACFF87F837180ECE38B68B" box="[2043,2149,381,420]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
embryos.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FA4918C3C0FAB6F8" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[1413,1703,432,471]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded more deformities in embryos incubated at lower temperatures (<30°C) than those at higher temperatures although
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F8011B66CEEBB513" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1997,2230,533,572]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
speculated that lower temperatures per se might not be responsible for the deformities. Deformities may arise from environmental influences or hereditary factors.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF86FAFE1A7CC499B319" blockId="52.[1287,2230,783,977]" lastBlockId="53.[269,1213,336,1078]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
Irregularities of the scutes are the most common deformities in loggerhead hatchlings, and have been reported from a wide array of studies:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F8601A06CEFAB4B2" author="Agassiz, L." bookContentInfo="First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA" box="[1964,2215,885,925]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" refId="ref64292" refString="Agassiz, L. 1857. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. First Monograph, Vols. I and II, Little, Brown & Co., Boston, MA." title="Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America." type="book" year="1857">Agassiz (1857)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FACB1ADBC387B4FE" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1287,1498,936,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="9 - 24" refId="ref69788" refString="Coker, R. E. 1905. Gadow's hypothesis of " orthogenetic variation " in chelonia. Johns Hopkins Circ. No. 178: 9 - 24." type="book chapter" year="1905">Coker (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87FA371ADBC012B4FE" author="Coker, R. E." box="[1531,1615,936,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref69857" refString="Coker, R. E. 1910. Diversity in the scutes of chelonia. J. Morph. 21: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1910">1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9BE1ADBC126B4FE" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1650,1915,936,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="95 - 96" refId="ref64945" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1930. Variations in the number of costal shields in Caretta. Am. Nat. 64 (690): 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1930">Babcock (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F85B1ADBCEFAB4FE" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1943,2215,936,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FEDD1823C4CFB657" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[273,658,336,376]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FD771823C2F1B657" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[699,1196,336,376]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FEDD18F1C41BB686" author="Nishimura, S." box="[273,582,386,425]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDA518F1C532B686" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[617,879,386,425]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">
|
||
|
|
Hughes (1970
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCAD18F1C5B5B686" author="Johnson, A. S. & H. O. Hillestad & S. F. Shanholtzer & G. F. Shanholtzer" box="[865,1000,386,425]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref79496" refString="Johnson, A. S., H. O. Hillestad, S. F. Shanholtzer, and G. F. Shanholtzer. 1974. An ecological survey of the coastal region of Georgia. Natl. Park Serv. Sei. Monogr. Ser. No. 3." type="book" year="1974">a, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FBEF18F1C724B6F3" author="Fujiwara, M." pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref74943" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1972. Variation in laminae ofPacific loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta gigas. Jpn. J. Herpetol. 5 (1): 9." type="journal volume" year="1972">Fujiwara (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FE5F18C0C4F0B6F3" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[403,685,435,476]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCDD18C0C5B3B6F3" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[785,1006,435,476]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. The scutes involved include the marginals, inframarginals, costals, head shields, and mandibular scales. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC131B6BC2F1B510" author="Coker, R. E." box="[991,1196,536,575]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref69857" refString="Coker, R. E. 1910. Diversity in the scutes of chelonia. J. Morph. 21: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1910">Coker (1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: carapacial scutes) and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FD491B39C5C1B55D" author="Nishimura, S." box="[645,924,586,626]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
: carapace, inframarginals, head shield, and mandibular) provided numerous illustrations of such variation.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC061BDCC2E4B5F9" author="Gadow, H." box="[970,1209,687,726]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref75080" refString="Gadow, H. 1899. Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Wiley. Part III. Pp. 207 - 222. Cambridge University Press, London." type="book" year="1899">Gadow (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also reported scute abnormalities in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFADFF86FC4D1B91C2E4B425" box="[897,1209,738,778]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassocheys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFADFF86FC4D1B91C2E4B425" box="[897,1209,738,778]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">Thalassocheys caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from New Britain but, according to
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCB71A66C2F7B413" author="Nishimura, S." box="[891,1194,789,828]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, these were misidentified
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFADFF86FD081A34C253B440" box="[708,1038,839,879]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFADFF86FD081A34C259B440" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[708,1028,839,879]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">Lepidochelys olivacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Much of the older literature, especially from the western Pacific and Indian oceans, confuses
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFADFF86FCD11AD8C587B4FD" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[797,986,939,978]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFADFF86FCD11AD8C587B4FD" box="[797,986,939,978]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">Lepidochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFADFF86FB831AD8C46BB32A" authority="(Nishimura 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFADFF86FB831AD8C2E5B4FD" box="[1103,1208,939,978]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FED01AAEC472B32A" author="Nishimura, S." box="[284,559,989,1029]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
; as such, data from these studies must be assessed with caution.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365" box="[292,1952,1058,1098]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" startId="52.[292,391,1058,1098]" targetBox="[284,2221,1147,3001]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="52" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF87FEE81D51C1FDB365" blockId="52.[291,2230,1058,1116]" box="[292,1952,1058,1098]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
Table 20.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFACFF87FE281D51C1C4B365" box="[484,1945,1058,1098]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
Biochemical changes during development of the loggerhead embryo (adapted from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F90B1D51C1D2B365" author="Miller, J. D." box="[1735,1935,1058,1098]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">Miller 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFAC004CFED01D08CEF0BC96" box="[284,2221,1147,3001]" gridcols="3" gridrows="37" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF87FEE91D08CE6FBC96" blockId="52.[291,2230,1147,1202]" lastBlockId="52.[282,2221,1233,3019]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01D08CEF0B3B1" box="[284,2221,1147,1182]" gridrow="0" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01D08C5D0B3B1" box="[284,909,1147,1182]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Function/chemistry</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFC191D08C3F1B3B1" box="[981,1452,1147,1182]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Activity during incubation</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51D08CEF0B3B1" box="[1561,2221,1147,1182]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01DA2CEF0B3DA" box="[284,2221,1233,1269]" gridrow="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01DA2C5D0B3DA" box="[284,909,1233,1269]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Free glucose</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191DA2C3F1B3DA" box="[981,1452,1233,1269]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51DA2CEF0B3DA" box="[1561,2221,1233,1269]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EE1DA2C15BB3DA" author="Tomita, M." box="[1570,1798,1233,1269]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="351 - 356" refId="ref94859" refString="Tomita, M. 1929. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 351 - 356." type="journal article" year="1929">Tomita (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01D8CCEF0B20C" box="[284,2221,1279,1315]" gridrow="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01D8CC5D0B20C" box="[284,909,1279,1315]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Lactic acid</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191D8CC3F1B20C" box="[981,1452,1279,1315]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases <15 d</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51D8CCEF0B20C" box="[1561,2221,1279,1315]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EF1D8CC153B20C" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1571,1806,1279,1315]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01C5DCEF0B27F" box="[284,2221,1326,1360]" gridrow="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191C5DC3F1B27F" box="[981,1452,1326,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases>15 d</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01C28CEF0B250" box="[284,2221,1371,1407]" gridrow="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01C28C5D0B250" box="[284,909,1371,1407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Free cholesterol</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191C28C3F1B250" box="[981,1452,1371,1407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">shifts to ester forms</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51C28CEF0B250" box="[1561,2221,1371,1407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EE1C28C0ADB250" author="Kusui, K." box="[1570,1776,1371,1407]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="210 - 213" refId="ref80983" refString="Kusui, K. 1930. Embryochemische Untersuchungen mittels der Injektionsmethode III. Uber das Verhalten des Cholesterins im bebruteten Huhnerei bei Adrenalin-und Ephedrininjektion. Z. Physiol. Chem. 187: 210 - 213." type="journal article" year="1930">Kusui (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01CFBCEF0B283" box="[284,2221,1416,1452]" gridrow="5" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01CFBC5D0B283" box="[284,909,1416,1452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Total cholesterol</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191CFBC3F1B283" box="[981,1452,1416,1452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51CFBCEF0B283" box="[1561,2221,1416,1452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EE1CFBC0B2B283" author="Kusui, K." box="[1570,1775,1416,1452]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="210 - 213" refId="ref80983" refString="Kusui, K. 1930. Embryochemische Untersuchungen mittels der Injektionsmethode III. Uber das Verhalten des Cholesterins im bebruteten Huhnerei bei Adrenalin-und Ephedrininjektion. Z. Physiol. Chem. 187: 210 - 213." type="journal article" year="1930">Kusui (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01CC6CEF0B2F6" box="[284,2221,1461,1497]" gridrow="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01CC6C5D0B2F6" box="[284,909,1461,1497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Glutathione</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191CC6C3F1B2F6" box="[981,1452,1461,1497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases late incubation</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51CC6CEF0B2F6" box="[1561,2221,1461,1497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9ED1CC6C158B2F6" author="Tomita, M." box="[1569,1797,1461,1497]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="351 - 356" refId="ref94859" refString="Tomita, M. 1929. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 351 - 356." type="journal article" year="1929">Tomita (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01C90CEF0B129" box="[284,2221,1507,1542]" gridrow="7" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01C90C5D0B129" box="[284,909,1507,1542]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Inorganic phosphorus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191C90C3F1B11D" box="[981,1452,1507,1586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases in embryo decreases in yolk</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51C90CEF0B129" box="[1561,2221,1507,1542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9ED1C90C110B129" author="Karashima, J." box="[1569,1869,1507,1542]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01F48CEF0B14F" box="[284,2221,1595,1632]" gridrow="8" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01F48C5D0B14F" box="[284,909,1595,1632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Organic phosphate</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191F48C3F1B1A4" box="[981,1452,1595,1675]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">present as 2,3 -DPG in erythrocytes</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51F48CEF0B14F" box="[1561,2221,1595,1632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EE1F48C13DB14F" author="Isaacks, R. E. & D. R. Harkness & P. R. Witham" box="[1570,1888,1595,1632]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="344 - 353" refId="ref79219" refString="Isaacks, R. E., D. R. Harkness, and P. R. Witham. 1978. Relationship between the major phosphorylated metabolic intermediates and oxygen affinity of whole blood in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) during development. Dev. Biol. 62: 344 - 353." type="journal article" year="1978">Isaacks et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01FE5CEF0B195" box="[284,2221,1686,1722]" gridrow="9" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01FE5C5D0B195" box="[284,909,1686,1722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Inositol pentaphosphate</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191FE5C3F1B195" box="[981,1452,1686,1722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">absent in red blood cells</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51FE5CEF0B195" box="[1561,2221,1686,1722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9ED1FE5C102B195" author="Isaacks, R. E. & D. R. Harkness & P. R. Witham" box="[1569,1887,1686,1722]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="344 - 353" refId="ref79219" refString="Isaacks, R. E., D. R. Harkness, and P. R. Witham. 1978. Relationship between the major phosphorylated metabolic intermediates and oxygen affinity of whole blood in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) during development. Dev. Biol. 62: 344 - 353." type="journal article" year="1978">Isaacks et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01FB0CEF0B1C7" box="[284,2221,1731,1768]" gridrow="10" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01FB0C5D0B1C7" box="[284,909,1731,1768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Free fatty acids</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191FB0C3F1B1C7" box="[981,1452,1731,1768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">constant</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51FB0CEF0B1C7" box="[1561,2221,1731,1768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9ED1FB0C16DB1C7" author="Karashima, J." box="[1569,1840,1731,1768]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01F82CEF0B039" box="[284,2221,1777,1814]" gridrow="11" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01F82C5D0B039" box="[284,909,1777,1814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Water-soluble and insoluble fatty acids</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191F82C3F1B039" box="[981,1452,1777,1814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">constant</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51F82CEF0B039" box="[1561,2221,1777,1814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9ED1F82C172B039" author="Karashima, J." box="[1569,1839,1777,1814]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01E6CCEF0B06A" box="[284,2221,1823,1861]" gridrow="12" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01E6CC5D0B06A" box="[284,909,1823,1861]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Total fatty acids</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191E6CC3F1B06A" box="[981,1452,1823,1861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51E6CCEF0B06A" box="[1561,2221,1823,1861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EC1E6CC116B06A" author="Karashima, J." box="[1568,1867,1823,1861]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01E3ECEF0B05C" box="[284,2221,1869,1907]" gridrow="13" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01E3EC5D0B05C" box="[284,909,1869,1907]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Tryptophane</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191E3EC3F1B05C" box="[981,1452,1869,1907]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51E3ECEF0B05C" box="[1561,2221,1869,1907]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EC1E3EC0B2B05C" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1568,1775,1869,1907]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01E0FCEF0B08E" box="[284,2221,1916,1953]" gridrow="14" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01E0FC5D0B08E" box="[284,909,1916,1953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Tyrosine</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191E0FC3F1B08E" box="[981,1452,1916,1953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51E0FCEF0B08E" box="[1561,2221,1916,1953]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EC1E0FC0B3B08E" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1568,1774,1916,1953]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01ED9CEF0B0E0" box="[284,2221,1962,1999]" gridrow="15" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01ED9C5D0B0E0" box="[284,909,1962,1999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Cystine</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191ED9C3F1B0E0" box="[981,1452,1962,1999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51ED9CEF0B0E0" box="[1561,2221,1962,1999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EC1ED9C0B3B0E0" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1568,1774,1962,1999]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01EABCEF0B0D3" box="[284,2221,2008,2044]" gridrow="16" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01EABC5D0B0D3" box="[284,909,2008,2044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Arginine</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191EABC3F1B0D3" box="[981,1452,2008,2044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51EABCEF0B0D3" box="[1561,2221,2008,2044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9EC1EABC0B3B0D3" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1568,1774,2008,2044]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01176CEF0BF05" box="[284,2221,2053,2090]" gridrow="17" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01176C5D0BF05" box="[284,909,2053,2090]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Histidine</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191176C3F1BF05" box="[981,1452,2053,2090]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51176CEF0BF05" box="[1561,2221,2053,2090]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D31176C0B3BF05" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1567,1774,2053,2090]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01141CEF0BF78" box="[284,2221,2098,2135]" gridrow="18" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01141C5D0BF78" box="[284,909,2098,2135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Lysine</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191141C3F1BF78" box="[981,1452,2098,2135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">varies</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51141CEF0BF78" box="[1561,2221,2098,2135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D31141C0B3BF78" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1567,1774,2098,2135]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED0112CCEF0BFAC" box="[284,2221,2143,2179]" gridrow="19" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED0112CC5D0BFAC" box="[284,909,2143,2179]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Purine-based amino acids</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC19112CC3F1BFAC" box="[981,1452,2143,2179]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D5112CCEF0BFAC" box="[1561,2221,2143,2179]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D3112CC0B0BFAC" author="Sendju, Y." box="[1567,1773,2143,2179]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="361 - 363" refId="ref92299" refString="Sendju, Y. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. III. Uber die Bildung von d-Milchsaure bei der Bebrutung von Meerschildkroteneiern. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 361 - 363." type="journal article" year="1929">Sendju (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED011FFCEF0BF9F" box="[284,2221,2188,2224]" gridrow="20" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED011FFC5D0BF9F" box="[284,909,2188,2224]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Urea production</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1911FFC3F1BF9F" box="[981,1452,2188,2224]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">greater than uric acid</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D511FFCEF0BF9F" box="[1561,2221,2188,2224]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D211FFC15CBF9F" author="Tomita, M." box="[1566,1793,2188,2224]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="351 - 356" refId="ref94859" refString="Tomita, M. 1929. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 351 - 356." type="journal article" year="1929">Tomita (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED011CBCEF0BFF2" box="[284,2221,2232,2269]" gridrow="21" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED011CBC5D0BFF2" box="[284,909,2232,2269]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Total nitrogen</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1911CBC3F1BFF2" box="[981,1452,2232,2269]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D511CBCEF0BFF2" box="[1561,2221,2232,2269]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D311CBC168BFF2" author="Nakamura, Y." box="[1567,1845,2232,2269]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="357 - 360" refId="ref86379" refString="Nakamura, Y. 1929. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. II. Uber das Yerhalten des im Reptilienei vorhandenen Reststickstoffes bei der Bebrutung. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 357 - 360." type="journal article" year="1929">Nakamura (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01196CEF0BE26" box="[284,2221,2277,2313]" gridrow="22" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01196C5D0BE26" box="[284,909,2277,2313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Total ash in egg</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191196C3F1BE26" box="[981,1452,2277,2313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">constant</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51196CEF0BE26" box="[1561,2221,2277,2313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D21196C114BE26" author="Karashima, J." box="[1566,1865,2277,2313]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01061CEF0BE18" box="[284,2221,2322,2359]" gridrow="23" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01061C5D0BE18" box="[284,909,2322,2359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash in yolk and albumin</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191061C3F1BE18" box="[981,1452,2322,2359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">decreases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51061CEF0BE18" box="[1561,2221,2322,2359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D21061C114BE18" author="Karashima, J." box="[1566,1865,2322,2359]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED0104CCEF0BE4B" box="[284,2221,2367,2404]" gridrow="24" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED0104CC5D0BE4B" box="[284,909,2367,2404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash in amniotic and allantoic fluids</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC19104CC3F1BE4B" box="[981,1452,2367,2404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D5104CCEF0BE4B" box="[1561,2221,2367,2404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D2104CC115BE4B" author="Karashima, J." box="[1566,1864,2367,2404]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED0101FCEF0BEBD" box="[284,2221,2412,2450]" gridrow="25" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED0101FC5D0BEBD" box="[284,909,2412,2450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash content of yolk</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC19101FC3F1BEBD" box="[981,1452,2412,2450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">0.9 ± 0.1 %</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D5101FCEF0BEBD" box="[1561,2221,2412,2450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D1101FC1B4BEBD" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1565,2025,2412,2450]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED010EACEF0BE90" box="[284,2221,2457,2495]" gridrow="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED010EAC5D0BE90" box="[284,909,2457,2495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash content of hatchling</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1910EAC3F1BE90" box="[981,1452,2457,2495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">16.43 + 2.93 %</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D510EACEF0BE90" box="[1561,2221,2457,2495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D110EAC1B5BE90" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1565,2024,2457,2495]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED010B4CEF0BEC2" box="[284,2221,2503,2541]" gridrow="27" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED010B4C5D0BEC2" box="[284,909,2503,2541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Magnesium</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1910B4C3F1BEC2" box="[981,1452,2503,2541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">> in embryo than egg</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D510B4CEF0BEC2" box="[1561,2221,2503,2541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D110B4C115BEC2" author="Karashima, J." box="[1565,1864,2503,2541]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01086CEF0BD34" box="[284,2221,2549,2587]" gridrow="28" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01086C5D0BD34" box="[284,909,2549,2587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Magnesium</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191086C3F1BD34" box="[981,1452,2549,2587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="52" pageNumber="46"><in embryo than egg</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51086CEF0BD34" box="[1561,2221,2549,2587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D01086C138BD34" author="Bustard, H. R. & K. Simkiss & N. K. Jenkins" box="[1564,1893,2549,2587]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="311 - 315" refId="ref68168" refString="Bustard, H. R., K. Simkiss, and N. K. Jenkins. 1969. Some analyses of artificially incubated eggs and hatchlings of green and loggerhead sea turtles. J. Zool. (Lond.) 158: 311 - 315." type="journal article" year="1969">Bustard et al. (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01350CEF0BD65" box="[284,2221,2595,2634]" gridrow="29" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01350C5D0BD65" box="[284,909,2595,2634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Calcium</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191350C3F1BD65" box="[981,1452,2595,2634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">increases in embryo</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51350CEF0BD65" box="[1561,2221,2595,2634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D01350C11ABD65" author="Karashima, J." box="[1564,1863,2595,2634]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="369 - 374" refId="ref79951" refString="Karashima, J. 1929 a. Beitrage zur Embryochemie der Reptilien. V. Uber das Verhalten der anorganischen Bestandteile bei der Bebrutung des Meerschildkroteneies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 10: 369 - 374." type="journal article" year="1929">Karashima (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Bustard et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F7811350CEF0BD65" author="Bustard, H. R. & K. Simkiss & N. K. Jenkins" box="[2125,2221,2595,2634]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="311 - 315" refId="ref68168" refString="Bustard, H. R., K. Simkiss, and N. K. Jenkins. 1969. Some analyses of artificially incubated eggs and hatchlings of green and loggerhead sea turtles. J. Zool. (Lond.) 158: 311 - 315." type="journal article" year="1969">(1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED01322CEF0BD57" box="[284,2221,2641,2680]" gridrow="30" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01322C5D0BD57" box="[284,909,2641,2680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Calcium</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191322C3F1BD57" box="[981,1452,2641,2680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">62 % from egg shell</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51322CEF0BD57" box="[1561,2221,2641,2680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D71322C139BD57" author="Bustard, H. R. & K. Simkiss & N. K. Jenkins" box="[1563,1892,2641,2680]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="311 - 315" refId="ref68168" refString="Bustard, H. R., K. Simkiss, and N. K. Jenkins. 1969. Some analyses of artificially incubated eggs and hatchlings of green and loggerhead sea turtles. J. Zool. (Lond.) 158: 311 - 315." type="journal article" year="1969">Bustard et al. (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED0130CCEF0BD89" box="[284,2221,2687,2726]" gridrow="31" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED0130CC5D0BD89" box="[284,909,2687,2726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash-free dry mass in yolk</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC19130CC3F1BD89" box="[981,1452,2687,2726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">7,949 ± 132 cal/g</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D5130CCEF0BD89" box="[1561,2221,2687,2726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D0130CC1BBBD89" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1564,2022,2687,2726]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED013DDCEF0BDFB" box="[284,2221,2734,2772]" gridrow="32" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED013DDC5D0BDFB" box="[284,909,2734,2772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Ash-free dry mass in hatchling</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1913DDC3F1BDFB" box="[981,1452,2734,2772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">6,712 ± 29 cal/g</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D513DDCEF0BDFB" box="[1561,2221,2734,2772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D713DDC1BBBDFB" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1563,2022,2734,2772]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED013AFCEF0BC2D" box="[284,2221,2780,2818]" gridrow="33" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED013AFC5D0BC2D" box="[284,909,2780,2818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Moisture content of yolk</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1913AFC3F1BC2D" box="[981,1452,2780,2818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">44.9 %</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D513AFCEF0BC2D" box="[1561,2221,2780,2818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D713AFC1BBBC2D" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1563,2022,2780,2818]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED0127ACEF0BC1F" box="[284,2221,2825,2864]" gridrow="34" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED0127AC5D0BC1F" box="[284,909,2825,2864]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Moisture content of hatchling</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC19127AC3F1BC1F" box="[981,1452,2825,2864]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">72.0 %</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D5127ACEF0BC1F" box="[1561,2221,2825,2864]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D7127AC1B8BC1F" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1563,2021,2825,2864]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED11244C1B8BCA6" box="[285,2021,2871,2953]" gridrow="35" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED01244C5D0BCA6" box="[284,909,2871,2953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Posthatching yolk metabolism</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC191244C3F1BCA6" box="[981,1452,2871,2953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">50 % between hatching and emergence</td>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAC004CFED012E1CEF0BC96" box="[284,2221,2962,3001]" gridrow="36" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAC004CFED012E1C5D0BC96" box="[284,909,2962,3001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">Water absorption during incubation</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CFC1912E1C3F1BC96" box="[981,1452,2962,3001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">50 %</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D512E1CEF0BC96" box="[1561,2221,2962,3001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D512E1CE6FBC96" author="Cunningham, B. & A. Hurwitz" box="[1561,2098,2962,3001]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="590 - 595" refId="ref70442" refString="Cunningham, B., and A. Hurwitz. 1936. Water absorption by reptile eggs during incubation. Am. Nat. 70: 590 - 595." type="journal article" year="1936">Cunningham and Hurwitz (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFACFF87F9D61244C1B8BC72" blockId="52.[282,2221,1233,3019]" box="[1562,2021,2871,2909]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAC004CF9D51244CEF0BCA6" box="[1561,2221,2871,2953]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="52" pageNumber="46">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFACFF87F9D61244C1B8BC72" author="Kraemer, J. E. & S. H. Bennett" box="[1562,2021,2871,2909]" pageId="52" pageNumber="46" pagination="406 - 411" refId="ref80778" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and S. H. Bennett. 1981. Utilization of posthatching yolk in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1981: 406 - 411." type="journal article" year="1981">Kraemer and Bennett (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FEF91D07C59EB00C" blockId="53.[262,1211,1140,1827]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
Anomalies such as supernumerary or decreased numbers of costals and marginals need not be detrimental to the turtle. Subadults (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCC31DABC20BB3D0" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[783,1110,1240,1279]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma 1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and adults occasionally have odd numbers or patterns of these scutes. However, more serious deformities are almost always fatal either prior to pipping or, if pipping occurs, prior to emergence from the nest (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC1B1CD3C2FCB2E8" author="Miller, J. D." box="[983,1185,1440,1479]" editor="C. Gans & F. Billett & P. F. A. Maderson" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref85273" refString="Miller, J. D. 1985. Embryology of marine turtles. Pages 269 - 328 in C. Gans, F. Billett ", and P. F. A. Maderson (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." title="Embryology of marine turtles." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14 (Development A). Academic Press, New York." year="1985">Miller 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Such deformities include malformations of the eyes and jaws, especially in connection with albinism (see Section 1.3.1); dicephaly; reduction or absence of limbs; and gross deformities of the body and carapace (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FED81FE8C452B1EE" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[276,527,1691,1729]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDFC1FE8C523B1EE" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[560,894,1691,1729]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC6C1FE8C2FBB1EE" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[928,1190,1691,1729]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FEC71FBFC78CB1DD" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[267,465,1740,1778]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FE3C1FBFC48DB1DD" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[496,720,1740,1778]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FD231FBFC5EDB1DD" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[751,944,1740,1778]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC011FBFC704B00C" author="Witherington, B. E." pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FEB61F8DC5ECB00C" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" box="[378,945,1790,1827]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FEFF1E13C7C9BE67" blockId="53.[263,1204,1888,2376]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FEFF1E13C45AB0A9" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[307,519,1888,1926]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Tables 60 and 61) listed 13 categories of abnormalities seen in his and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCA31EE2C2EEB097" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[879,1203,1937,1976]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee's (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
studies, excluding albinism with no other deformity and atypical scale patterns, and including encephalocele, anopthalmia, monopthalmia, synopthalmia, micrognathia, prognathism, diprosopus, perocormus, celosomia, amelia, ectomelia, micromelia, and phocomelia. He also provided photographs of specimens exhibiting several of these deformities (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCEF119CC5A8BE39" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[803,1013,2287,2326]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Figs. 47 and 48).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FEFC10F6C2F0BDF7" blockId="53.[262,1206,2437,2776]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
In any case, such deformities are relatively rare (0.6 % of 5,666 eggs,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDF510C5C510BEF2" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[569,845,2486,2525]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; <1.0 % of 2,811 unhatched eggs,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDF9109BC5B4BD20" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" box="[565,1001,2536,2575]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; 0.17 % of 90,000 eggs,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDDA1369C4ACBD6D" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[534,753,2586,2626]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; 46 abnormalities per 100 clutches [postemergence clutch examination], 3.7 abnormalities per 100 clutches [emerged hatching*],
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FECA13DCC7BEBDF7" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[262,483,2735,2776]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; <1.0 % of unhatched eggs,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FC1913DCC2C0BDF7" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[981,1181,2735,2776]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FEE21260CECBB58C" blockId="53.[261,1200,2835,3026]" lastBlockId="53.[1263,2202,334,675]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
Twinning has been reported in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFADFF86FC9E1260C5BCBC15" box="[850,993,2835,2874]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Thalassocheys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFADFF86FC9E1260C5BCBC15" box="[850,993,2835,2874]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from South Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FE731236C4E7BC42" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[447,698,2885,2925]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, one set that died prior to hatching), Japan (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FDF51204C57ABCB0" author="Fujiwara, M." box="[569,807,2935,2975]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref74795" refString="Fujiwara, M. 1964. Some cases of spontaneous twinning in the loggerhead turtle. Acta Herpetol. Jpn. 2: 7 - 8 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1964">Fujiwara 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, seven pairs separated, one bifurcated apically), Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FCFF12D9C273BCFD" author="McGehee, M. A." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." box="[819,1070,2986,3026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref84684" refString="McGehee, M. A. 1979. Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." title="Factors affecting the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle eggs {Caretta caretla caretta" type="book" year="1979">McGehee 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, details not provided), Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F920183DC19BB659" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1772,1990,334,374]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, six pairs separated completely, eight pairs incompletely separated;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA7318C1C0F0B6F6" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1471,1709,434,473]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, three pairs), and North Carolina (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA6C1897C003B523" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1440,1630,484,524]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
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, two sets of twins).
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F8741897CEC7B523" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1976,2202,484,524]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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described the external and internal anatomy of various sets of twins. It is unknown whether twins ever complete development, hatch successfully, and enter the sea.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FA561A67C179B414" blockId="53.[1434,1828,788,827]" box="[1434,1828,788,827]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="9722BC61FFADFF86FA561A67C179B414" box="[1434,1828,788,827]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">3.2.2 Hatchling phase</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF86FADA1A0AC1EEBEF0" blockId="53.[1254,2201,889,2527]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
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The maturation of the sea-approach behavior occurs during development around day 30 when the reactions essential for swimming and terrestrial locomotion appear (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA9C1D7DC084B319" author="Smith, K. U. & R. S. Daniel" box="[1360,1753,1038,1078]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="154 - 156" refId="ref92870" refString="Smith, K. U., and R. S. Daniel. 1946. Observations of behavioral development in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Science (Wash., DC) 104: 154 - 156." type="journal article" year="1946">Smith and Daniel 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
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). After pipping, the hatchlings lie quietly for up to 26.6 h to allow their carapaces to straighten (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA1F1D00C09AB3B4" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1491,1735,1139,1179]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Prior to hatching, the nest chamber undergoes volumetric reduction (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F87B1DD5C050B3D0" author="Kraemer, J. E. & J. I. Richardson" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="255 - 260" refId="ref80813" refString="Kraemer, J. E., and J. I. Richardson. 1979. Volumetric reduction in nest contents ofloggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) (Reptilia, Testudines, Cheloniidae) on the Georgia coast. J. Herpetol. 13: 255 - 260." type="journal article" year="1979">Kraemer and Richardson 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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). Hatchling loggerheads, like other sea turtles, move the buried egg chamber to the surface en masse by periodic outbursts of group thrashing. The frenzied thrashing scrapes sand from the side of the egg chamber and builds up the chamber floor until it reaches the surface (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA161CA1C0BEB2D5" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1498,1763,1490,1530]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Hatchlings begin the scramble toward the surface, described as social facilitation, in response to a negative geotaxis (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F85A1F44CEDEB171" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1942,2179,1591,1630]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
) and emergence occurs 1 -7 d (mean = 2.5 d) after hatching (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FAF61FE8C076B1EE" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1338,1579,1691,1729]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F9801FE8C147B1EE" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[1612,1818,1691,1729]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Emergence generally occurs simultaneously as the top hatchlings move off after being pushed above the surface of the sand by the hatchlings underneath. Most emergences occur at night as sand temperatures are falling (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F8B91E12CE22B0A8" author="Demmer, R. J." box="[1909,2175,1889,1927]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref70913" refString="Demmer, R. J. 1981. The hatching and emergence ofloggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta) hatchlings. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1981">Demmer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although a small percentage may emerge in the early morning hours or even later in the day.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F8461EB0CECEB0C5" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1930,2195,1987,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
reported only 3 daylight emergences in 10 yr of fieldwork, while
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA191154C086BF60" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1493,1755,2087,2127]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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reported 3 of 85 (4 %) emergences during daylight hours. Hatchling activity decreases in response to an increase in sand temperature which facilitates emergence at night. In some instances, not all hatchlings emerge at the same time; in these cases, stragglers will emerge in subsequent nights (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F78C1050C3DEBE54" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerhead hatchlings rely substantially on anaerobic metabolism both during emergence and the subsequent hatchling frenzy (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F93E10CBC1FFBEF0" author="Dial, B. E." box="[1778,1954,2488,2527]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="307 - 315" refId="ref71883" refString="Dial, B. E. 1987. Energetics and performance during nest emergence and the hatchling frenzy in loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta). Herpetologica 43 (3): 307 - 315." type="journal article" year="1987">Dial 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFADFF85FAC3136EC28AB202" blockId="53.[1252,2193,2589,3028]" lastBlockId="54.[299,1244,323,1325]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="53" pageNumber="47">
|
||
|
|
Upon emergence, hatchlings immediately begin a rapid crawl down the beach toward the ocean; pauses are very brief and last only a second or so.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F7DC13F3C309BDF7" author="Hooker, D." pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="490 - 491" refId="ref77618" refString="Hooker, D. 1908 a. The breeding habits of the loggerhead turtle and some early instincts of the young. Science (Wash., DC) 27: 490 - 491." type="journal article" year="1908">Hooker (1908a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19086,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86FA3913C1C060BDF7" author="Hooker, D." box="[1525,1597,2738,2776]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="71 - 76" refId="ref77717" refString="Hooker, D. 1911. Certain reactions to color in the young loggerhead turtle. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 71 - 76." type="journal article" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
) thought loggerheads to be negatively geotropic; that is, they would always go down a slope unless there was no way to go but up.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F7EC1265C33FBC41" author="Parker, G. H." pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="323 - 331" refId="ref87420" refString="Parker, G. H. 1922 a. The crawling of young loggerhead turtles toward the sea. J. Exp. Zool. 36: 323 - 331." type="journal article" year="1922">Parker (1922a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also noted this phenomenon, but considered it a positive geotropism since the animals were going with, rather than against, gravity.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFADFF86F91812DEC191BCFB" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1748,1996,2989,3028]" pageId="53" pageNumber="47" pagination="323 - 331" refId="ref87420" refString="Parker, G. H. 1922 a. The crawling of young loggerhead turtles toward the sea. J. Exp. Zool. 36: 323 - 331." type="journal article" year="1922">Parker (1922a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
discounted light as a factor in orientation, but instead thought an unblocked horizon caused turtles to orient toward it. Loggerhead hatchlings now are known to be positively phototropic, or using
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FD5418AAC287B52F" author="Mrosovsky, N. & S. F. Kingsmill" box="[664,1242,473,512]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="237 - 256" refId="ref86063" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and S. F. Kingsmill. 1985. How turtles find the sea. Z. Tierpsychol. 67: 237 - 256." type="journal article" year="1985">Mrosovsky and Kingsmill's (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
phrase, to exhibit a complex phototropotactic reaction to light, which is presumed to be an innate behavior to guide them to the sea (see also
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FCF81B02C290B5B7" author="Daniel, R. S. & K. U. Smith" box="[820,1229,625,664]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="413 - 420" refId="ref70472" refString="Daniel, R. S., and K. U. Smith. 1947 a. The sea-approach behavior of the neonate loggerhead turtle. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 40: 413 - 420." type="journal article" year="1947">Daniel and Smith 1947a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19476). As such, they orient in the direction of the ocean because of moonlight reflecting on the open water. Circling behavior in response to unilateral blindfolding suggests that the reaction may be more complex than simple phototropic behavior (Kingsmill 1980;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FBF91A1CC4E8B4E5" author="Kingsmill, S. F. & N. Mrosovsky" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="29 - 42" refId="ref80562" refString="Kingsmill, S. F., and N. Mrosovsky. 1982. Sea-finding behaviour ofloggerhead hatchlings: the time course of transient circling following unilateral and asynchronous bilateral blindfolding. Brain Behav. Evol. 20: 29 - 42." type="journal article" year="1982">Kingsmill and Mrosovsky 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerhead hatchlings also positively orient toward light in the blue wavelengths (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FEF61D7BC47FB31E" author="Hooker, D." box="[314,546,1032,1073]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref77688" refString="Hooker, D. 1908 c. Report on the instincts and habits of newly hatched loggerhead turtles. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yearbook 7: 124." type="journal volume" year="1908">Hooker 1908c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FDF21D7BC4DBB31E" author="Hooker, D." box="[574,646,1032,1073]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="71 - 76" refId="ref77717" refString="Hooker, D. 1911. Certain reactions to color in the young loggerhead turtle. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 132: 71 - 76." type="journal article" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FD681D7BC5DCB31E" author="Parker, G. H." box="[676,897,1032,1073]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="323 - 331" refId="ref87420" refString="Parker, G. H. 1922 a. The crawling of young loggerhead turtles toward the sea. J. Exp. Zool. 36: 323 - 331." type="journal article" year="1922">Parker 1922a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FC571D7BC2DDB31E" author="Fehring, W. K." box="[923,1152,1032,1073]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="632 - 636" refId="ref72630" refString="Fehring, W. K. 1972. Hue discrimination in hatchling loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta caretta. Anim. Behav. 20: 632 - 636." type="journal article" year="1972">Fehring 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Artificial lighting behind beaches can disorient hatchlings and lead to extensive mortality (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FC8B1D1DC205B3B9" author="McFarlane. R. W." box="[839,1112,1134,1174]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" part="153" refId="ref84662" refString="McFarlane. R. W. 1963. Disorientation of loggerhead hatchlings by artificial road lighting. Copeia 1963: 153." title="Disorientation of loggerhead hatchlings by artificial road lighting" type="journal article" year="1963">McFarlane 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FBB81D1DC725B3E7" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FE581DD2C460B3E7" author="Ross, J. P." box="[404,573,1185,1224]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FD941DD2C537B3E7" author="Raymond, P. W." box="[600,874,1185,1224]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref89369" refString="Raymond, P. W. 1984 a. Sea turtle hatchling disorientation and artificial beachfront lighting. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC, 72 pp." type="book" year="1984">Raymond 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FC4F1DD2C29BB3E7" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[899,1222,1185,1224]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Even a lighthouse 1.6 km away on an otherwise unlit beach can cause hatchling disorientation (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FC361C75C298B202" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1018,1221,1286,1325]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAEFF85FE981C1AC480BE8C" blockId="54.[297,1246,1385,2467]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
Once in the water, the hatchlings plunge through the surf and begin swimming offshore rapidly. It appears that hatchlings use light to initially orient away from the beach, although wave direction may serve as a supplementary cue; it is not the primary cue, however (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FEF61F10C542B1A4" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" box="[314,799,1635,1675]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Turtles show periods of orientation that last past the first day of swimming. Two types of swimming behavior have been observed, termed powerstroking and dogpaddling (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FCAE1F89C724B07D" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) or submarine flight swimming and surface paddling (Parker 19226). In dogpaddling, both sets of flippers are used alternately as if the turtle were crawling. During dives, however, powerstroke swimming relies only on the simultaneous down stroke of the front flippers; the rear flippers serve as rudders (Parker 19226). These patterns are alternated, with relatively long periods of powerstroking (mean = 11.53 s) followed by short periods of dogpaddling (mean = 2.81 s;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FB9411C0C42CBE23" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). At rest, the front flippers are folded back onto the carapace while the rear flippers are held vertically near the sides of the body (Parker 19226;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FEE6100FC491BE8C" author="Smith, K. U. & R. S. Daniel" box="[298,716,2428,2467]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="154 - 156" refId="ref92870" refString="Smith, K. U., and R. S. Daniel. 1946. Observations of behavioral development in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Science (Wash., DC) 104: 154 - 156." type="journal article" year="1946">Smith and Daniel 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAEFF85FE9E1092CECDB51C" blockId="54.[295,1240,2529,3018]" lastBlockId="54.[1295,2237,322,563]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
For about the first 20 h, the swimming is virtually nonstop and has been called the swimming frenzy.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FEE51335C578BD43" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" box="[297,805,2630,2668]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that hatchlings in the ocean swam at an average of 21.34 m/min (range 18.29- 22.88;
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAEFF85FDC013D9C4D8BDFE" box="[524,645,2730,2769]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">N = 3)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
which would, assuming they maintained this pace for the entire swimming frenzy, take them 22-28 km offshore. This is not quite enough distance to reach the Florida Current, their presumed destination (30 km offshore where Salmon and Wyneken conducted their observations). Laboratory observations indicate an increase in water temperature lowers the swimming speed (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F9811807C163B6B3" author="O'Hara, J." box="[1613,1854,372,412]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="773 - 780" refId="ref86915" refString="O'Hara, J. 1980. Thermal influences on the swimming speed of loggerhead turtle hatchlings. Copeia 1980: 773 - 780." type="journal article" year="1980">O'Hara 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). During the first few days of swimming, hatchlings do not eat (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F80918D5CEEDB6E2" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1989,2224,422,461]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FADC18ABC0A4B52F" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" box="[1296,1785,472,512]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), but then abruptly begin eating after about day 3 (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F9111B78CE22B51C" author="Smith, K. U. & R. S. Daniel" box="[1757,2175,523,563]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="154 - 156" refId="ref92870" refString="Smith, K. U., and R. S. Daniel. 1946. Observations of behavioral development in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Science (Wash., DC) 104: 154 - 156." type="journal article" year="1946">Smith and Daniel 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAEFF85FAF51B03C0C0B0AC" blockId="54.[1294,2238,624,1923]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
Hatchling mortality is assumed to be substantial after emergence and during the first few days of swimming. Reports of predation are summarized in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85F7C31BA5CEF1B5D2" box="[2063,2220,726,765]" captionStart="Table 21" captionStartId="55.[264,363,328,379]" captionTargetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" captionText="Table 21. Nonhuman predators ofloggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687">Table 21</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Crabs
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAEFF85FA481A7AC07EB41E" box="[1412,1571,777,817]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAEFF85FA581A7AC049B41E" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1795" box="[1428,1556,777,817]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ocypodidae" genus="Ocypode" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ocypode</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
raccoons, dogs, nearshore fishes, and sharks are probably the chief predators. Loggerhead hatchlings are not strongly countershaded as has been reported for green turtles as an adaptation against oceanic predation. In addition to natural predators, hatchlings may be disoriented by beach lighting causing them to wander overland where they are crushed by vehicles, desiccate, or are otherwise exposed to additional sources of mortality (see previous references).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FAC31DA0C3B8B3D4" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1295,1509,1235,1275]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann (1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F9C51DA0C008B3D4" author="Mann. T. M." box="[1545,1621,1235,1275]" journalOrPublisher="Fla. Mar. Res. Publ." pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="53 - 55" part="33" refId="ref83904" refString="Mann. T. M. 1978. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 53 - 55." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida" type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported that vehicles could compact the sand above a nest preventing successful hatchling emergence. However, Raymond (19846) detected no influence of compaction on emergence on restored beaches since the nesting process substantially altered the sand directly over the nest allowing normal emergence.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FA2E1C8CC082B108" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1506,1759,1535,1575]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that some hatchlings became entangled in grass roots or seemed to be left behind in the bottom of the nest chamber and thus unable to escape. Hatchlings may get trapped in ruts left on the beach by off-road vehicles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F8461FBBCEF1B1C0" author="Hosier, P. E. & M. Kochhar & V. Thayer" box="[1930,2220,1736,1775]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="158 - 161" refId="ref77882" refString="Hosier, P. E., M. Kochhar, and V. Thayer. 1981. Off-road vehicle and pedestrian track effects on the sea-approach of hatchling loggerhead turtles. Environ. Conserv. 8: 158 - 161." type="journal article" year="1981">Hosier et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FAC21F89C03DB00E" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1294,1632,1786,1825]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerhead hatchlings also may be trapped in oil slicks on the beach (P. R. Witham, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAEFF85FAFB1ECDC111BD42" blockId="54.[1291,2237,1982,2669]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
Mean carapace length (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85F92E1ECDC1D7B0CB" box="[1762,1930,1982,2020]" captionStart="Table 22" captionStartId="57.[252,350,341,374]" captionTargetBox="[252,2185,416,1740]" captionText="Table 22. Carapace length (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659">Table 22</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), carapace width (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85FAD71E9DC39FBF3B" box="[1307,1474,2030,2068]" captionStart="Table 23" captionStartId="57.[253,351,1931,1967]" captionTargetBox="[253,2185,2016,2955]" captionText="Table 23. Carapace width (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080">Table 23</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), head width (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85F9191E9DC1DDBF3B" box="[1749,1920,2030,2068]" captionStart="Table 24" captionStartId="58.[311,409,319,360]" captionTargetBox="[311,2246,403,620]" captionText="Table 24. Head width (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647">Table 24</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and body mass (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85FADB116DC3E7BF6A" box="[1303,1466,2078,2117]" captionStart="Table 25" captionStartId="58.[312,411,760,799]" captionTargetBox="[312,2248,845,1614]" captionText="Table 25. Mass (g) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430">Table 25</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
) of hatchlings around the world are very similar.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85FA68113CC092BF58" author="Graham, S." box="[1444,1743,2127,2167]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham's (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
measurements of hatchling length appear to be in error. Very small hatchlings are occasionally reported (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F95611C0C1DFBFF5" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1690,1922,2227,2266]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), but not from an entire clutch. The body masses reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F7E21196C324BE11" author="Graham, S." pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
indicate normal sized hatchlings. Also,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F7951064C059BE5E" author="Kaufmann, R." pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann's (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
body mass data for 6-day-old hatchlings are suspect. Considering hatchlings do not eat for 2-3 d after emergence,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F9F710DDC1D6BEF9" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1595,1931,2478,2518]" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann's (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
hatchlings would have doubled their weight in 3 d. This seems unlikely since the carapace lengths he reported are in the range of normal hatchlings (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFAEFF85F95B1335C167BD42" box="[1687,1850,2630,2669]" captionStart="Table 22" captionStartId="57.[252,350,341,374]" captionTargetBox="[252,2185,416,1740]" captionText="Table 22. Carapace length (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659">Table 22</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAEFF89FAF913D9C44FBD12" blockId="54.[1291,2235,2730,3018]" lastBlockId="58.[311,1255,1785,2621]" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="54" pageNumber="48">
|
||
|
|
The sex ratio of hatchling loggerheads is unknown. However, loggerheads have environmental sex determination (ESD) and lack sex chromosomes (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAEFF85F7EC127DC074BC47" author="Standora, E. A. & R. Spotila" pageId="54" pageNumber="48" pagination="711 - 722" refId="ref93583" refString="Standora, E. A., andJ. R. Spotila. 1985. Temperature dependent sex determination in sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 711 - 722." type="journal article" year="1985">Standora and Spotila 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Eggs from Little Cumberland Island, GA, incubated at temperatures greater than 30° C produced all females whereas males were produced at 29° C or less; at 30°C, both sexes resulted (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FBCA1F8AC40EB07E" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">Yntema and Mrosovsky 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FDBF1E59C49BB07E" author="Yntema, C. L." box="[627,710,1834,1873]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="1012 - 1016" refId="ref97094" refString="Yntema, C. L. 1982. Critical periods and pivotal temperatures for sexual differentiation in loggerhead sea turtles. Can. J. Zool. 60: 1012 - 1016." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In Australia, the pivotal temperature is 1.3 ° C lower than that of the United States (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FE8B1EF8C4FCB09E" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" box="[327,673,1931,1969]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">Limpus et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and there appears to be intrapopulational variation as well (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FCF41ECFC22EB0CC" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" box="[824,1139,1980,2019]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FB581ECFC419BF3C" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
speculated that loggerhead populations in other geographic regions also may show intrapopulational variation in ESD. The results of these controlled experiments show that some clutches on natural beaches have the potential to produce all males or all females depending upon incubation temperature, which in turn is influenced by the location of the nest on the beach.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FEF51038C4FEBE5C" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed & D. Miller" box="[313,675,2379,2419]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref82680" refString="Limpus, C. J., P. C. Reed, andJ. D. Miller. 1983. Islandsand turtles: the influence of choice of nesting beach on sex ratio. Pages 397 - 402 in J. T. Baker, R. M. Carter, P. W. Sammarco, and K. P. Stark (eds.), Proc. Inaugural Great Barrier Reef Conf. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1983">Limpus et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that mainland beaches in Australia had the greatest potential for producing female hatchlings. Females also can be produced on northerlyaspect beaches on coral cays in the Southern Hemisphere.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" startId="55.[264,363,328,379]" targetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="55" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" blockId="55.[264,2198,328,424]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
Table 21.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE0F183BC36EB687" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Nonhuman predators of loggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFAFFF84FEC618A0C157BCE0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFAF004CFEC618A0CECABCFE" box="[266,2199,467,3025]" colsContinueIn="56.[307,2224,407,2942]" gridcols="4" gridrows="43" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC618A0CECAB6D4" box="[266,2199,467,507]" gridrow="0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC618A0C49FB6D4" box="[266,706,467,507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Predator</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB18A0C277B6D4" box="[871,1066,467,507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFB0218A0C33BB6D4" box="[1230,1382,467,507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Life stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CF9C318A0CECAB6D4" box="[1551,2199,467,507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61B56CECAB50A" box="[266,2199,549,549]" gridrow="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61B56C49FB5AF" box="[266,706,549,640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEC61B56C45BB57F" bold="true" box="[266,518,549,592]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">General review</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1B56C277B5AF" box="[871,1066,549,640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FCAB1B56C5D5B57F" bold="true" box="[871,904,549,592]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021B56C33BB5AF" box="[1230,1382,549,640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E, H, A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31B56CECAB5AF" box="[1551,2199,549,640]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9C31B56C0AAB57F" author="Rainey, W. E. & P. C. H. Pritchard" box="[1551,1783,549,592]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="135 - 145" refId="ref89249" refString="Rainey, W. E., and P. C. H. Pritchard. 1972. Distribution and management of Caribbean sea turtles. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 37: 135 - 145." type="journal article" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F8D91B56CE1DB57F" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1813,2112,549,592]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9F81B28C149B5AF" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1588,1812,603,640]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F8FE1B28CE46B5AF" author="Stancyk, S. E." box="[1842,2075,603,640]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref93480" refString="Stancyk, S. E. 1982. Non-human predators of sea turtles and their control. Pages 139 - 152 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Stancyk (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61BBDCECAB5DE" box="[266,2199,718,753]" gridrow="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61BBDCECAB5DE" box="[266,2199,718,753]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEC71BBDC7BBB5DE" bold="true" box="[267,486,718,753]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Invertebrates</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61A6DCECAB46F" box="[266,2199,798,832]" gridrow="3" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61A6DCECAB46F" box="[266,2199,798,832]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEFD1A6DC726B46F" bold="true" box="[305,379,798,832]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Ants</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61A35CECAB458" box="[266,2199,838,887]" gridrow="4" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61A35C49FB458" box="[266,706,838,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE981A27C7A8B458" box="[340,501,852,887]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE981A27C7E3B458" box="[340,446,852,887]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Dorylus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1A35C277B458" box="[871,1066,838,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021A35C33BB458" box="[1230,1382,838,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31A35CECAB458" box="[1551,2199,838,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DC1A35C1DEB443" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1552,1923,838,876]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F86D1A35CECAB443" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1953,2199,838,876]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61A0CCECAB481" box="[266,2199,895,942]" gridrow="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61A0CC49FB481" box="[266,706,895,942]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1A0CC277B481" box="[871,1066,895,942]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021A0CC33BB481" box="[1230,1382,895,942]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31A0CCECAB481" box="[1551,2199,895,942]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9C31A0CC10CB48C" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1551,1873,895,931]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61AAACECAB4D3" box="[266,2199,985,1020]" gridrow="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61AAACECAB4D3" box="[266,2199,985,1020]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEFC1AAAC7D3B4D3" bold="true" box="[304,398,985,1020]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Crabs</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61D76CECAB31D" box="[266,2199,1029,1074]" gridrow="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61D76C49FB31D" box="[266,706,1029,1074]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Eriphia laevimana</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1D76C277B31D" box="[871,1066,1029,1074]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021D76C33BB31D" box="[1230,1382,1029,1074]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31D76CECAB31D" box="[1551,2199,1029,1074]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1D76C0A4B307" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1553,1785,1029,1064]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61D48CECAB348" box="[266,2199,1083,1127]" gridrow="8" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61D48C49FB348" box="[266,706,1083,1127]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E. sebana</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1D48C277B348" box="[871,1066,1083,1127]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021D48C33BB348" box="[1230,1382,1083,1127]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31D48CECAB348" box="[1551,2199,1083,1127]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1D48C0AAB371" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1553,1783,1083,1118]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61D03CECAB3B8" box="[266,2199,1136,1175]" gridrow="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61D03C49FB3E4" box="[266,706,1136,1227]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE9B1D0AC462B3B2" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1801" box="[343,575,1145,1181]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ocypodidae" genus="Ocypode" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE9B1D0AC462B3B2" box="[343,575,1145,1181]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Ocypode albicans</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1D03C277B3B8" box="[871,1066,1136,1175]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021D03C33BB3B8" box="[1230,1382,1136,1175]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31D03CECAB3B8" box="[1551,2199,1136,1175]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1D03C087B3BC" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1553,1754,1136,1171]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
a
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61DD6CECAB3E4" box="[266,2199,1189,1227]" gridrow="10" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1DD6C277B3E4" box="[871,1066,1189,1227]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021DD6C33BB3E4" box="[1230,1382,1189,1227]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31DD6CECAB3E4" box="[1551,2199,1189,1227]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DC1DD6C15AB3E7" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1552,1799,1189,1224]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61DB1CECAB227" box="[266,2199,1218,1288]" gridrow="11" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61DB1C49FB218" box="[266,706,1218,1335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE9B1D90C412B229" box="[343,591,1251,1286]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">0. ceratopthalmus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1DB1C277B227" box="[871,1066,1218,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021DB1C33BB227" box="[1230,1382,1218,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31DB1CECAB227" box="[1551,2199,1218,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1DA9C15AB3D2" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1553,1799,1242,1277]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61C7DCECAB218" box="[266,2199,1294,1335]" gridrow="12" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1C7DC277B218" box="[871,1066,1294,1335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021C7DC33BB218" box="[1230,1382,1294,1335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31C7DCECAB218" box="[1551,2199,1294,1335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1C7DC0A4B21D" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1553,1785,1294,1330]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F8DB1C7DC1A0B21D" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1815,2045,1294,1330]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61C36CECAB241" box="[266,2199,1349,1390]" gridrow="13" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61C36C49FB241" box="[266,706,1349,1390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE941C3DC47CB241" box="[344,545,1358,1390]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">0. cordimanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1C36C277B241" box="[871,1066,1349,1390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021C36C33BB241" box="[1230,1382,1349,1390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31C36CECAB241" box="[1551,2199,1349,1390]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1C36C0AAB246" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1553,1783,1349,1385]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61C09CECAB28A" box="[266,2199,1402,1445]" gridrow="14" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61C09C49FB28A" box="[266,706,1402,1445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE941CF0C784B28A" box="[344,473,1411,1445]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">0. kuhlii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1C09C277B28A" box="[871,1066,1402,1445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021C09C33BB28A" box="[1230,1382,1402,1445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31C09CECAB28A" box="[1551,2199,1402,1445]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1C09C155B2B1" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1554,1800,1402,1438]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61CDDCECAB2F9" box="[266,2199,1454,1494]" gridrow="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61CDDC49FB125" box="[266,706,1454,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE941CCBC7A3B2F4" box="[344,510,1464,1499]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">0. quadrata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1CDDC277B2F9" box="[871,1066,1454,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021CDDC33BB2F9" box="[1230,1382,1454,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31CDDCECAB2F9" box="[1551,2199,1454,1494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1CDDC138B2FD" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" box="[1554,1893,1454,1490]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61C97CECAB125" box="[266,2199,1508,1546]" gridrow="16" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1C97C277B125" box="[871,1066,1508,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021C97C33BB125" box="[1230,1382,1508,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31C97CECAB125" box="[1551,2199,1508,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1C97C10FB129" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1553,1874,1508,1542]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61F72CECAB168" box="[266,2199,1537,1607]" gridrow="17" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61F72C49FB168" box="[266,706,1537,1607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1F72C277B168" box="[871,1066,1537,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021F72C33BB168" box="[1230,1382,1537,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31F72CECAB168" box="[1551,2199,1537,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DD1F6BC1D8B114" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1553,1925,1560,1595]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61F3DCECAB15A" box="[266,2199,1614,1653]" gridrow="18" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1F3DC277B15A" box="[871,1066,1614,1653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021F3DC33BB15A" box="[1230,1382,1614,1653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31F3DCECAB15A" box="[1551,2199,1614,1653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1F3DC0B1B15E" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr." box="[1554,1772,1614,1649]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref81416" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. 1969. The marine turtles of Sanibel and Captiva islands, Florida. Sanibel-Captiva Conserv. Found. Spec. Publ. No. 1." type="book" year="1969">LeBuff (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61FF1CECAB186" box="[266,2199,1666,1705]" gridrow="19" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1FF1C277B186" box="[871,1066,1666,1705]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021FF1C33BB186" box="[1230,1382,1666,1705]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31FF1CECAB186" box="[1551,2199,1666,1705]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DC1FF1C14AB18A" author="Anderson, S." box="[1552,1815,1666,1701]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 9" part="2713" refId="ref64438" refString="Anderson, S. 1981. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons. Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2713, pp. 1 - 9." title="The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons" type="book chapter" year="1981">Anderson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61FAACECAB1D6" box="[266,2199,1753,1785]" gridrow="20" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61FAACECAB1D6" box="[266,2199,1753,1785]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEFE1FAAC720B1D6" bold="true" box="[306,381,1753,1785]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Flies</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61E76CECAB000" box="[266,2199,1797,1839]" gridrow="21" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61E76C49FB000" box="[266,706,1797,1839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE991E7EC428B000" baseAuthorityName="Day and Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[341,629,1805,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taeniorhynchus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE991E7EC428B000" box="[341,629,1805,1839]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Aedes taeniorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1E76C277B000" box="[871,1066,1797,1839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021E76C33BB000" box="[1230,1382,1797,1839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31E76CECAB000" box="[1551,2199,1797,1839]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1E76C124B007" author="Day, J. F. & A. Curtis" box="[1554,1913,1797,1832]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="359 - 360" refId="ref70735" refString="Day, J. F., andG. A. Curtis. 1983. Opportunistic blood-feeding on egg-laying sea turtles by salt marsh mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae). Fla. Entomol. 66: 359 - 360." type="journal article" year="1983">Day and Curtis (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61E0BCECAB0B8" box="[266,2199,1912,1943]" gridrow="22" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61E0BCECAB0B8" box="[266,2199,1912,1943]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEC11E0BC79FB0B8" bold="true" box="[269,450,1912,1943]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Vertetrates</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61EB7CECAB0C9" box="[266,2199,1988,2022]" gridrow="23" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61EB7CECAB0C9" box="[266,2199,1988,2022]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FEFA1EB7C727B0C9" bold="true" box="[310,378,1988,2022]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Fish</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61E81CECABF34" box="[266,2199,2034,2075]" gridrow="24" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61E81C49FBF34" box="[266,706,2034,2075]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE951E8AC434BF36" baseAuthorityName="Muller & Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[345,617,2041,2073]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE951E8AC434BF36" box="[345,617,2041,2073]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Carcharhinus leucas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1E81C277BF34" box="[871,1066,2034,2075]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021E81C33BBF34" box="[1230,1382,2034,2075]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB1A1E86C2AEBF34" bold="true" box="[1238,1267,2037,2075]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">J,</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
A
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31E81CECABF34" box="[1551,2199,2034,2075]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DF1E81C154BF3A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1555,1801,2034,2069]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61154CECABF7A" box="[266,2199,2087,2133]" gridrow="25" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61154C49FBF7A" box="[266,706,2087,2133]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE96115EC479BF60" baseAuthorityName="Poey" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[346,548,2093,2127]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE96115EC479BF60" box="[346,548,2093,2127]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">C. longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1154C277BF7A" box="[871,1066,2087,2133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021154C33BBF7A" box="[1230,1382,2087,2133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB1A1159C2B5BF7A" bold="true" box="[1238,1256,2090,2133]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31154CECABF7A" box="[1551,2199,2087,2133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1154C134BF66" author="Caldwell, D. K. & F. H. Berry & A. Carr & R. A. Ragotzkie" box="[1554,1897,2087,2121]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="309 - 318" refId="ref68672" refString="Caldwell, D. K., F. H. Berry, A. Carr, and R. A. Ragotzkie. 1959 <2. Multiple and group nesting by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle. Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 309 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1959">Caldwell et al. (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61128CECABFAC" box="[266,2199,2139,2179]" gridrow="26" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61128C49FBFAC" box="[266,706,2139,2179]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE961112C446BFAC" baseAuthorityName="Muller & Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[346,539,2145,2179]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="menisorrah">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE961112C446BFAC" box="[346,539,2145,2179]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">C. menisorrah</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1128C277BFAC" box="[871,1066,2139,2179]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021128C33BBFAC" box="[1230,1382,2139,2179]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31128CECABFAC" box="[1551,2199,2139,2179]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DF1128C0A4BF51" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1555,1785,2139,2174]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC611FCCECABF96" box="[266,2199,2191,2233]" gridrow="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC611FCC49FBF96" box="[266,706,2191,2233]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE9611E5C47BBF96" baseAuthorityName="Peron & Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[346,550,2198,2233]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spallanzani">C. spallanzani</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB11FCC277BF96" box="[871,1066,2191,2233]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0211FCC33BBF96" box="[1230,1382,2191,2233]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C311FCCECABF96" box="[1551,2199,2191,2233]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE11FCC0A6BF9C" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1554,1787,2191,2227]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F8D511FCC1A0BF9C" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1817,2045,2191,2227]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC611B5CECABFC3" box="[266,2199,2246,2284]" gridrow="28" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC611B5C49FBFC3" box="[266,706,2246,2284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Carcharodon carcharias</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB11B5C277BFC3" box="[871,1066,2246,2284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0211B5C33BBFC3" box="[1230,1382,2246,2284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C311B5CECABFC3" box="[1551,2199,2246,2284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE11B5C088BFC7" author="Coles, R. J." box="[1554,1749,2246,2280]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="89 - 94" refId="ref69903" refString="Coles, R. J. 1915. Notes on the sharks and rays of Cape Lookout, N. C. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 28: 89 - 94." type="journal article" year="1915">Coles (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61189CECABE0D" box="[266,2199,2298,2338]" gridrow="29" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61189C49FBE0D" box="[266,706,2298,2338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Centropristes striatus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1189C277BE0D" box="[871,1066,2298,2338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021189C33BBE0D" box="[1230,1382,2298,2338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31189CECABE0D" box="[1551,2199,2298,2338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1189C154BE32" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1554,1801,2298,2333]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61043CECABE76" box="[266,2199,2352,2393]" gridrow="30" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61043C49FBE76" box="[266,706,2352,2393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Coryphaena hippurus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1043C277BE76" box="[871,1066,2352,2393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021043C33BBE76" box="[1230,1382,2352,2393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31043CECABE76" box="[1551,2199,2352,2393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1043C15DBE7D" author="Witham, R." box="[1554,1792,2352,2386]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref96564" refString="Witham, R. 1974. Neonate sea turtles from the stomach of a pelagic fish. Copeia 1974: 548." type="journal volume" year="1974">Witham (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61016CECABEA7" box="[266,2199,2405,2440]" gridrow="31" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61016C49FBDD3" box="[266,706,2405,2812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="8" rowspanBelow="7">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFAFFF84FE96101AC412BEA3" baseAuthorityName="Peron & Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[346,591,2409,2444]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvieri">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FE96101AC412BEA3" box="[346,591,2409,2444]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Galeocerdo cuvieri</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1016C277BEA7" box="[871,1066,2405,2440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021016C33BBEA7" box="[1230,1382,2405,2440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31016CECABEA7" box="[1551,2199,2405,2440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1016C08BBEA7" author="Coles, R. J." box="[1554,1750,2405,2440]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="34 - 43" refId="ref69939" refString="Coles, R. J. 1919. The large sharks of Cape Lookout, North Carolina. The white shark or maneater, tiger shark and hammerhead. Copeia (69): 34 - 43." type="journal article" year="1919">Coles (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC610E9CECABE92" box="[266,2199,2458,2493]" gridrow="32" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB10E9C277BED6" box="[871,1066,2458,2553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0210E9C33BBE92" box="[1230,1382,2458,2493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C310E9CECABE92" box="[1551,2199,2458,2493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE10E9C1DABE92" author="Bell, J. C. & J. T. Nichols" box="[1554,1927,2458,2493]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref65888" refString="Bell, J. C., and J. T. Nichols. 1921. Notes on the food of Carolina sharks. Copeia (92): 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1921">Bell and Nichols (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC610A3CECABED6" box="[266,2199,2512,2553]" gridrow="33" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0210A3C33BBED6" box="[1230,1382,2512,2553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB1B10A1C2A9BED6" bold="true" box="[1239,1268,2514,2553]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">J.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
A
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C310A3CECABED6" box="[1551,2199,2512,2553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DF10A3C0A8BEDD" author="Nichols, J. T." box="[1555,1781,2512,2546]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="272 - 278" refId="ref86604" refString="Nichols, J. T. 1921. What sharks really eat. Nat. Hist. (N. Y.) 21: 272 - 278." type="journal article" year="1921">Nichols (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61376CECABD06" box="[266,2199,2565,2601]" gridrow="34" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1376C277BD06" box="[871,1066,2565,2601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021376C33BBD06" box="[1230,1382,2565,2601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB101374C2AABD06" bold="true" box="[1244,1271,2567,2601]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">U</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31376CECABD06" box="[1551,2199,2565,2601]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1376C0AABD07" author="Gudger, E. W." box="[1554,1783,2565,2600]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="39 - 47" refId="ref76257" refString="Gudger, E. W. 1949. Natural history notes on tiger sharks, Galeocerdo tigrinus, caught at Key West, Florida, with emphasis on food and feeding habits. Copeia 1949: 39 - 47." type="journal article" year="1949">Gudger (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61349CECABD71" box="[266,2199,2618,2654]" gridrow="35" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1349C277BD71" box="[871,1066,2618,2654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">W. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021349C33BBD71" box="[1230,1382,2618,2654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB10134FC2AABD71" bold="true" box="[1244,1271,2620,2654]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">U</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31349CECABD71" box="[1551,2199,2618,2654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DE1349C159BD72" author="Cadenat, J." box="[1554,1796,2618,2653]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="1358 - 1375" refId="ref68301" refString="Cadenat, J. 1957. Observations de cetaces, sireniens, cheloniens et sauriens en 1955 - 1956. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 19: 1358 - 1375." type="journal article" year="1957">Cadenat (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC6131CCECABDB7" box="[266,2199,2671,2712]" gridrow="36" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB131CC277BDB7" box="[871,1066,2671,2712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB02131CC33BBDB7" box="[1230,1382,2671,2712]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB1B1302C2A9BDB7" bold="true" box="[1239,1268,2673,2712]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">J,</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
A
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C3131CCECABDB7" box="[1551,2199,2671,2712]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DF131CC154BDBD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1555,1801,2671,2706]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC613D7CECABDFE" box="[266,2199,2724,2769]" gridrow="37" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB13D7C277BDFE" box="[871,1066,2724,2769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Hawaii</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0213D7C33BBDFE" box="[1230,1382,2724,2769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFAFFF84FB1413D6C2B4BDFE" bold="true" box="[1240,1257,2725,2769]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C313D7CECABDFE" box="[1551,2199,2724,2769]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9DF13D7C0B9BDE9" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1555,1764,2724,2758]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 147" refId="ref65230" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1979. Loggerhead turtle recovered from a tiger shark at Kure Atoll. ' Elepaio, J. Hawaii Audubon Soc. 39: 145 - 147." type="journal article" year="1979">Balazs (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC613AACECABDD3" box="[266,2199,2777,2812]" gridrow="38" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB13AAC277BDD3" box="[871,1066,2777,2812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0213AAC33BBDD3" box="[1230,1382,2777,2812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C313AACECABDD3" box="[1551,2199,2777,2812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9D813AAC0A4BDD3" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1556,1785,2777,2812]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC6127DCECABC1C" box="[266,2199,2830,2867]" gridrow="39" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC6127DC49FBC1C" box="[266,706,2830,2867]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">" Hammerhead shark "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB127DC277BC1C" box="[871,1066,2830,2867]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB02127DC33BBC1C" box="[1230,1382,2830,2867]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C3127DCECABC1C" box="[1551,2199,2830,2867]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9D8127DC0A6BC1F" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1556,1787,2830,2864]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC61230CECABC46" box="[266,2199,2883,2921]" gridrow="40" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC61230C49FBC46" box="[266,706,2883,2921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Unspecified fish</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB1230C277BC46" box="[871,1066,2883,2921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB021230C33BBC46" box="[1230,1382,2883,2921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C31230CECABC46" box="[1551,2199,2883,2921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9D81230C157BC4A" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1556,1802,2883,2917]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC6120BCECABCB3" box="[266,2199,2936,2972]" gridrow="41" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFAF004CFEC6120BC49FBCFE" box="[266,706,2936,3025]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified shark</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB120BC277BCB3" box="[871,1066,2936,2972]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB02120BC33BBCB3" box="[1230,1382,2936,2972]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C3120BCECABCB3" box="[1551,2199,2936,2972]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9D9120BC0A0BCB5" author="Larcher, O." box="[1557,1789,2936,2970]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="251 - 260" refId="ref81282" refString="Larcher, O. 1916. Ennemis, blessures et maladies des tortues terrestres et aquatiques. Bull. Soc. Nat. Acclimatation de France 63: 251 - 260, 321 - 328, 364 - 369, 405 - 413." type="journal article" year="1916">Larcher (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFAF004CFEC612DECECABCFE" box="[266,2199,2989,3025]" gridrow="42" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFCAB12DEC277BCFE" box="[871,1066,2989,3025]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CFB0212DEC33BBCFE" box="[1230,1382,2989,3025]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFAF004CF9C312DECECABCFE" box="[1551,2199,2989,3025]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="55" pageNumber="49">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFAFFF84F9D812DEC157BCE0" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1556,1802,2989,3023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="49" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA0FF8BFEFE1833C4CFB649" box="[306,658,320,358]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" startId="56.[306,404,320,358]" targetBox="[307,2224,407,2942]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="56" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA0FF8BFEFE1833C4CFB649" blockId="56.[305,2244,320,375]" box="[306,658,320,358]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Table 21. Continued.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA0004CFEFF18E4CEEDBC51" box="[307,2224,407,2942]" colsContinueFrom="55.[266,2199,467,3025]" gridcols="4" gridrows="42" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA0FF8BFEFF18E4CE41BC51" blockId="56.[305,2244,407,461]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF18E4CEEDB696" box="[307,2224,407,441]" gridrow="0" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF18E4C499B696" box="[307,708,407,441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Predator</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A18E4C210B696" box="[902,1101,407,441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFB3418E4C3CCB696" box="[1272,1425,407,441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Life stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CF9E318E4CEEDB696" box="[1583,2224,407,441]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF189FCEEDB53F" box="[307,2224,492,528]" gridrow="1" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF189FCEEDB53F" box="[307,2224,492,528]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Reptiles</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1B6BCEEDB514" box="[307,2224,536,571]" gridrow="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1B6BC499B543" box="[307,708,536,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFE4D1B6BC472B543" baseAuthorityName="Bosc" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exanthematicus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFE4D1B6BC499B514" box="[385,708,536,571]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Varanus exanthematicus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFE6D1B3AC472B543" box="[417,559,585,620]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">algigulans</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1B6BC210B514" box="[902,1101,536,571]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341B6BC3CCB514" box="[1272,1425,536,571]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31B6BCEEDB514" box="[1583,2224,536,571]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51B6BC1F3B514" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1593,1966,536,571]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1B05CEEDB5B7" box="[307,2224,630,664]" gridrow="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1B05C499B5B7" box="[307,708,630,664]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFE4D1B05C7A2B5B7" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[385,511,630,664]" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFE4D1B05C7A2B5B7" box="[385,511,630,664]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">V. vanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1B05C210B5B7" box="[902,1101,630,664]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341B05C3CCB5B7" box="[1272,1425,630,664]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31B05CEEDB5B7" box="[1583,2224,630,664]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51B05C17FB5B9" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1593,1826,630,662]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1BC2CEEDB5FE" box="[307,2224,689,721]" gridrow="4" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1BC2CEEDB5FE" box="[307,2224,689,721]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFE9B1BC2C7F3B5FE" bold="true" box="[343,430,689,721]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Birds</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1BAECEEDB42F" box="[307,2224,733,768]" gridrow="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1BAEC499B42F" box="[307,708,733,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB21BAEC470B42F" box="[382,557,733,768]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corax">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB21BAEC470B42F" box="[382,557,733,768]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Corvus corax</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1BAEC210B42F" box="[902,1101,733,768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341BAEC3CCB42F" box="[1272,1425,733,768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31BAECEEDB42F" box="[1583,2224,733,768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51BAEC122B42F" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1593,1919,733,768]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1A78CEEDB401" box="[307,2224,779,814]" gridrow="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1A78C499B401" box="[307,708,779,814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB21A78C7BEB401" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1850" box="[382,483,779,814]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orru">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB21A78C7BEB401" box="[382,483,779,814]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">C. orru</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1A78C210B401" box="[902,1101,779,814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341A78C3CCB401" box="[1272,1425,779,814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31A78CEEDB401" box="[1583,2224,779,814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Limpus (19736, 1985)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1A49CEEDB472" box="[307,2224,826,861]" gridrow="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1A49C499B472" box="[307,708,826,861]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB21A49C46CB472" authorityName="A. Wilson" authorityYear="1812" box="[382,561,826,861]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ossifragus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB21A49C46CB472" box="[382,561,826,861]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">C. ossifragus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1A49C210B472" box="[902,1101,826,861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341A49C3CCB472" box="[1272,1425,826,861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31A49CEEDB472" box="[1583,2224,826,861]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F41A49C124B472" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1592,1913,826,861]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1A1ACEEDB4A3" box="[307,2224,873,908]" gridrow="8" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1A1AC499B4A3" box="[307,708,873,908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71A1AC475B4A3" authorityName="Boddaert" authorityYear="1783" box="[379,552,873,908]" class="Aves" family="Alcedinidae" genus="Dacelo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71A1AC475B4A3" box="[379,552,873,908]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Dacelo gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1A1AC210B4A3" box="[902,1101,873,908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341A1AC3CCB4A3" box="[1272,1425,873,908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31A1ACEEDB4A3" box="[1583,2224,873,908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51A1AC142B4A3" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1593,1823,873,908]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1AEBCEEDB494" box="[307,2224,920,955]" gridrow="9" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1AEBC499B494" box="[307,708,920,955]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71AEBC470B494" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[379,557,920,955]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Egretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacra">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71AEBC470B494" box="[379,557,920,955]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Egretta sacra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1AEBC210B494" box="[902,1101,920,955]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341AEBC3CCB494" box="[1272,1425,920,955]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31AEBCEEDB494" box="[1583,2224,920,955]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51AEBC142B494" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1593,1823,920,955]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1AB4CEEDB4C4" box="[307,2224,967,1003]" gridrow="10" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1AB4C499B4C4" box="[307,708,967,1003]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71AB4C43BB4C4" box="[379,614,967,1003]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Falco cenchroides</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1AB4C210B4C4" box="[902,1101,967,1003]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341AB4C3CCB4C4" box="[1272,1425,967,1003]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31AB4CEEDB4C4" box="[1583,2224,967,1003]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Limpus (19736, 1985)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1A85CEEDB335" box="[307,2224,1014,1050]" gridrow="11" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1A85C499B335" box="[307,708,1014,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71A85C4F5B335" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[379,680,1014,1050]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Haliaeetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucogaster">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71A85C4F5B335" box="[379,680,1014,1050]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Haliaeetus leucogaster</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1A85C210B335" box="[902,1101,1014,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341A85C3CCB335" box="[1272,1425,1014,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31A85CEEDB335" box="[1583,2224,1014,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F51A85C142B335" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1593,1823,1014,1050]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1D55CEEDB365" box="[307,2224,1062,1098]" gridrow="12" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1D55C499B365" box="[307,708,1062,1098]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71D55C40BB365" baseAuthorityName="Boddaert" baseAuthorityYear="1783" box="[379,598,1062,1098]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Haliastur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71D55C40BB365" box="[379,598,1062,1098]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Haliastur indus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1D55C210B365" box="[902,1101,1062,1098]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341D55C3CCB365" box="[1272,1425,1062,1098]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31D55CEEDB365" box="[1583,2224,1062,1098]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Limpus (19736, 1985)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1D25CEEDB355" box="[307,2224,1110,1146]" gridrow="13" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1D25C499B355" box="[307,708,1110,1146]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71D25C46AB355" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[379,567,1110,1146]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Haliastur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphenurus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71D25C46AB355" box="[379,567,1110,1146]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H. sphenurus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1D25C210B355" box="[902,1101,1110,1146]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341D25C3CCB355" box="[1272,1425,1110,1146]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31D25CEEDB355" box="[1583,2224,1110,1146]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Limpus (19736, 1985)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1DF6CEEDB386" box="[307,2224,1157,1193]" gridrow="14" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1DF6C499B3F6" box="[307,708,1157,1241]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71DF6C43DB386" authorityName="Pontoppidan" authorityYear="1763" box="[379,608,1157,1193]" class="Aves" family="Laridae" genus="Larus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71DF6C43DB386" box="[379,608,1157,1193]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Larus argentatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1DF6C210B386" box="[902,1101,1157,1193]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341DF6C3CCB386" box="[1272,1425,1157,1193]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31DF6CEEDB386" box="[1583,2224,1157,1193]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FB1DF6C1F3B386" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" box="[1591,1966,1157,1193]" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">Andre and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1DC6CEEDB3F6" box="[307,2224,1205,1241]" gridrow="15" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1DC6C210B3F6" box="[902,1101,1205,1241]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341DC6C3CCB3F6" box="[1272,1425,1205,1241]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31DC6CEEDB3F6" box="[1583,2224,1205,1241]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F41DC6C123B3F6" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1592,1918,1205,1241]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1D90CEEDB228" box="[307,2224,1251,1287]" gridrow="16" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1D90C499B21A" box="[307,708,1251,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71D90C44EB228" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[379,531,1251,1287]" class="Aves" family="Laridae" genus="Larus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atricilla">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71D90C44EB228" box="[379,531,1251,1287]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">L. atricilla</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1D90C210B228" box="[902,1101,1251,1287]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341D90C3CCB228" box="[1272,1425,1251,1287]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31D90CEEDB228" box="[1583,2224,1251,1287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1D90C1F3B228" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" box="[1590,1966,1251,1287]" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">Andre and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1C61CEEDB21A" box="[307,2224,1298,1333]" gridrow="17" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1C61C210B21A" box="[902,1101,1298,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341C61C3CCB21A" box="[1272,1425,1298,1333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31C61CEEDB21A" box="[1583,2224,1298,1333]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1C61C125B21A" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1590,1912,1298,1333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1C33CEEDB24C" box="[307,2224,1344,1379]" gridrow="18" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1C33C499B24C" box="[307,708,1344,1379]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB61C33C4DDB24C" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1826" box="[378,640,1344,1379]" class="Aves" family="Laridae" genus="Larus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novaehollandiae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB61C33C4DDB24C" box="[378,640,1344,1379]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">L. novaehollandiae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1C33C210B24C" box="[902,1101,1344,1379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341C33C3CCB24C" box="[1272,1425,1344,1379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31C33CEEDB24C" box="[1583,2224,1344,1379]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
Limpus (19736, 1985);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF8631C33CEC5B24C" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1967,2200,1344,1379]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1C1DCEEDB2BE" box="[307,2224,1390,1425]" gridrow="19" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1C1DC499B2BE" box="[307,708,1390,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB41C1DC43BB2BE" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[376,614,1390,1425]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Milvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aegyptius">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB41C1DC43BB2BE" box="[376,614,1390,1425]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Milvus aegyptius</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1C1DC210B2BE" box="[902,1101,1390,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341C1DC3CCB2BE" box="[1272,1425,1390,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31C1DCEEDB2BE" box="[1583,2224,1390,1425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F41C1DC123B2BE" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1592,1918,1390,1425]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF8501C1DCECEB2BE" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1948,2195,1390,1425]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1CE8CEEDB291" box="[307,2224,1435,1470]" gridrow="20" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1CE8C499B291" box="[307,708,1435,1470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">" crows "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1CE8C210B291" box="[902,1101,1435,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341CE8C3CCB291" box="[1272,1425,1435,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31CE8CEEDB291" box="[1583,2224,1435,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FB1CE8C172B291" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1591,1839,1435,1470]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1CBBCEEDB2C4" box="[307,2224,1480,1515]" gridrow="21" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1CBBC499B2C4" box="[307,708,1480,1515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">" gulls "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1CBBC210B2C4" box="[902,1101,1480,1515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341CBBC3CCB2C4" box="[1272,1425,1480,1515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31CBBCEEDB2C4" box="[1583,2224,1480,1515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1CBBC173B2C4" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1590,1838,1480,1515]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1C86CEEDB137" box="[307,2224,1525,1560]" gridrow="22" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1C86C499B169" box="[307,708,1525,1606]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1C86C210B137" box="[902,1101,1525,1560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341C86C3CCB137" box="[1272,1425,1525,1560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31C86CEEDB137" box="[1583,2224,1525,1560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91C86C160B137" author="Anderson, S." box="[1589,1853,1525,1560]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 9" part="2713" refId="ref64438" refString="Anderson, S. 1981. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons. Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2713, pp. 1 - 9." title="The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons" type="book chapter" year="1981">Anderson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1F50CEEDB169" box="[307,2224,1571,1606]" gridrow="23" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1F50C210B169" box="[902,1101,1571,1606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341F50C3CCB169" box="[1272,1425,1571,1606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31F50CEEDB169" box="[1583,2224,1571,1606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1F50C15DB169" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1590,1792,1571,1606]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1F28CEEDB152" box="[307,2224,1627,1661]" gridrow="24" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1F28CEEDB152" box="[307,2224,1627,1661]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFE991F28C7A8B152" bold="true" box="[341,501,1627,1661]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Mammals</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1FFACEEDB182" box="[307,2224,1673,1709]" gridrow="25" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1FFAC499B182" box="[307,708,1673,1709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEBB1FFAC427B182" baseAuthorityName="G. [Baron] Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[375,634,1673,1709]" class="Mammalia" family="Herpestidae" genus="Atilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paludinosus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEBB1FFAC427B182" box="[375,634,1673,1709]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Atilax paludinosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1FFAC210B182" box="[902,1101,1673,1709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341FFAC3CCB182" box="[1272,1425,1673,1709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31FFACEEDB182" box="[1583,2224,1673,1709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1FFAC170B182" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1590,1837,1673,1709]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1FC5CEEDB1F4" box="[307,2224,1718,1755]" gridrow="26" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1FC5C499B1F4" box="[307,708,1718,1755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71FC5C471B1F4" box="[379,556,1718,1755]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cams" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71FC5C471B1F4" box="[379,556,1718,1755]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Cams aureus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1FC5C210B1F4" box="[902,1101,1718,1755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Libya</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341FC5C3CCB1F4" box="[1272,1425,1718,1755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31FC5CEEDB1F4" box="[1583,2224,1718,1755]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FA1FC5C178B1F4" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[1590,1829,1718,1755]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="37 - 80" refId="ref91349" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1987. Contributions to the herpetology ofKouf National Park (NE-Libya) and adjacent area. Spixiana 10 (l): 37 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Schleich (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1F97CEEDB027" box="[307,2224,1764,1800]" gridrow="27" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1F97C499B090" box="[307,708,1764,1983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB71F97C472B027" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[379,559,1764,1800]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cams" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="familiaris">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB71F97C472B027" box="[379,559,1764,1800]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">C. familiaris</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1F97C210B027" box="[902,1101,1764,1800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341F97C3CCB027" box="[1272,1425,1764,1800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31F97CEEDB027" box="[1583,2224,1764,1800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91F97C18CB027" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1589,2001,1764,1800]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1EE1CEEDB0BD" box="[307,2224,1938,1938]" gridrow="28" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1E32C210B0BD" box="[902,1101,1857,1938]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341E32C3CCB0BD" box="[1272,1425,1857,1938]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31E32CEEDB0BD" box="[1583,2224,1857,1938]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91E32C1F4B04A" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1589,1961,1857,1893]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Hughes et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9961E1CC0E7B0BD" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1626,1722,1903,1938]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">(1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9141E1CC19FB0BD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1752,1986,1903,1938]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF82E1E1CCE6AB0BD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[2018,2103,1903,1938]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1EEFCEEDB090" box="[307,2224,1948,1983]" gridrow="29" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1EEFC210B090" box="[902,1101,1948,1983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341EEFC3CCB090" box="[1272,1425,1948,1983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31EEFCEEDB090" box="[1583,2224,1948,1983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91EEFC126B090" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1589,1915,1948,1983]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1EBACEEDB0C3" box="[307,2224,1993,2028]" gridrow="30" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1EBAC499B0C3" box="[307,708,1993,2028]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB41EBAC457B0C3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[376,522,1993,2028]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB41EBAC457B0C3" box="[376,522,1993,2028]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Felis catus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1EBAC210B0C3" box="[902,1101,1993,2028]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341EBAC3CCB0C3" box="[1272,1425,1993,2028]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31EBACEEDB0C3" box="[1583,2224,1993,2028]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91EBAC141B0C3" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1589,1820,1993,2028]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1E86CEEDBF36" box="[307,2224,2037,2073]" gridrow="31" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1E86C499BF36" box="[307,708,2037,2073]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB61E86C42BBF36" authorityName="Pucheran" authorityYear="1855" box="[378,630,2037,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" genus="Genetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB61E86C42BBF36" box="[378,630,2037,2073]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Genetta rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1E86C210BF36" box="[902,1101,2037,2073]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341E86C3CCBF36" box="[1272,1425,2037,2073]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31E86CEEDBF36" box="[1583,2224,2037,2073]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91E86C171BF36" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1589,1836,2037,2073]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1151CEEDBF0D" box="[307,2224,2082,2082]" gridrow="32" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1151C499BDB7" box="[307,708,2082,2712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="5" rowspanBelow="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB41151C471BF69" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[376,556,2082,2118]" class="Mammalia" family="Procyonidae" genus="Procyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lotor">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB41151C471BF69" box="[376,556,2082,2118]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Procyon lotor</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1151C210BE75" box="[902,1101,2082,2394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341151C3CCBE75" box="[1272,1425,2082,2394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31151CEEDBE75" box="[1583,2224,2082,2394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F81151C159BF69" author="Routa, R. A." box="[1588,1796,2082,2118]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref90634" refString="Routa, R. A. 1968. Sea turtle nest survey of Hutchinson Island, Florida. Q, J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 30: 287 - 294." type="journal article" year="1968">Routa (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF8EE1151C1A1BF69" author="LeBuff, C. R., Jr." box="[1826,2044,2082,2118]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref81416" refString="LeBuff, C. R., Jr. 1969. The marine turtles of Sanibel and Captiva islands, Florida. Sanibel-Captiva Conserv. Found. Spec. Publ. No. 1." type="book" year="1969">LeBuff (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Gallagher
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9951123C144BF5C" author="Gallagher, R. M. & M. L. Hollinger & R. M. Ingle & C. R. Futch" box="[1625,1817,2128,2163]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref75191" refString="Gallagher, R. M., M. L. Hollinger, R. M. Ingle, and C. R. Futch. 1972. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1971. Fla. Dep. Nat. Resour. Mar. Res. Lab. Spec. Sei. Rep. No. 37, 11 pp." type="book" year="1972">et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Worth and Smith
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF995110DC0E4BF8F" author="Worth, D. F. & J. B. Smith" box="[1625,1721,2174,2208]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref96814" refString="Worth, D. F., and J. B. Smith. 1976. Marine turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, in 1973. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. No. 18: 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1976">(1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF91A110DCE28BF8F" author="Davis, G. E. & C. Whiting" box="[1750,2165,2174,2208]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref70696" refString="Davis, G. E., andM. C. Whiting. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National Park, Florida, U. S. A. Herpetologica 33: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1977">Davis and Whiting (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF99411D8CE4ABFE1" author="Williams-Walls, N. & J. O'Hara & R. M. Gallagher & D. F. Worth & B. D. Peery & J. R. Wilcox" box="[1624,2071,2219,2254]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref96420" refString="Williams-Walls, N., J. O'Hara, R. M. Gallagher, D. F. Worth, B. D. Peery, and J. R. Wilcox. 1983. Spatial and temporal trends of sea turtle nesting on Hutchinson Island, Florida, 1971 - 1979. Bull. Mar. Sei. 33: 55 - 66." type="journal article" year="1983">Williams-Walls et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF99411ABC1D3BFD4" author="McMurtray, J. D." bookContentInfo="Florida. CPSU Tech. Rep. No. 20, 52 pp" box="[1624,1934,2264,2299]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref84859" refString="McMurtray, J. D. 1986 a. Reduction of raccoon predation on sea turtle nests at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. CPSU Tech. Rep. No. 20, 52 pp." title="Reduction of raccoon predation on sea turtle nests at Canaveral National Seashore" type="book" year="1986">McMurtray (1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 6); Witherington
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9941075C0E5BE06" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[1624,1720,2310,2345]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">(1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ehrhart and Witherington
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF99B1047C0E5BE75" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" box="[1623,1720,2356,2394]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">(1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1012CEEDBEAA" box="[307,2224,2401,2437]" gridrow="33" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1012C210BEAA" box="[902,1101,2401,2437]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341012C3CCBEAA" box="[1272,1425,2401,2437]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31012CEEDBEAA" box="[1583,2224,2401,2437]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FD1012C165BEAA" author="Anderson, S." box="[1585,1848,2401,2437]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 9" part="2713" refId="ref64438" refString="Anderson, S. 1981. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons. Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2713, pp. 1 - 9." title="The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons" type="book chapter" year="1981">Anderson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF10CECEEDBE92" box="[307,2224,2493,2493]" gridrow="34" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A10CEC210BD12" box="[902,1101,2493,2621]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB3410CEC3CCBEC3" box="[1272,1425,2493,2540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E310CECEEDBD12" box="[1583,2224,2493,2621]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FE10CEC1D8BECE" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" box="[1586,1925,2493,2529]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Stancyk et al.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF99A109FC0EABD20" author="Stancyk, S. E. & O. R. Talbert, Jr. & J. M. Dean" box="[1622,1719,2540,2575]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref93525" refString="Stancyk, S. E., O. R. Talbert, Jr., and J. M. Dean. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina. II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="1980">(1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF91F109FCE4ABD20" author="Talbert, O. R. Jr. & S. E. Stancyk & J. M. Dean & M. Will" box="[1747,2071,2540,2575]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="709 - 719" refId="ref94453" refString="Talbert, O. R. Jr., S. E. Stancyk, J. M. Dean, andJ. M. Will. 1980. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in South Carolina. I: a rookery in transition. Copeia 1980: 709 - 719." type="journal article" year="1980">Talbert et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Andre
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF99A1369C101BD12" author="Andre, J. B. & L. West" box="[1622,1884,2586,2621]" journalOrPublisher="Brimleyana" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="73 - 82" part="6" refId="ref64483" refString="Andre, J. B., and L. West. 1981. Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979. Brimleyana 6: 73 - 82." title="Nesting and management of the Atlantic loggerhead, Caretta caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Testudines: Cheloniidae) on Cape Island, South Carolina, in 1979" type="journal article" year="1981">and West (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1335CEEDBD44" box="[307,2224,2630,2667]" gridrow="35" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1335C210BD44" box="[902,1101,2630,2667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">S. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341335C3CCBD44" box="[1272,1425,2630,2667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31335CEEDBD44" box="[1583,2224,2630,2667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FD1335C175BD44" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1585,1832,2630,2667]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1306CEEDBDB7" box="[307,2224,2677,2712]" gridrow="36" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1306C210BDB7" box="[902,1101,2677,2712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Mexico</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341306C3CCBDB7" box="[1272,1425,2677,2712]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31306CEEDBDB7" box="[1583,2224,2677,2712]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FD1306C12CBDB7" author="Flores-Villela, O. A." box="[1585,1905,2677,2712]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref72975" refString="Flores-Villela, O. A. 1980. Reptiles de importancia economica en Mexico. Tesis profesional, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal." type="book" year="1980">Flores-Villela (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF13D3CEEDBDE9" box="[307,2224,2720,2758]" gridrow="37" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF13D3C499BDE9" box="[307,708,2720,2758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB813D3C475BDE9" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[372,552,2720,2758]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB813D3C475BDE9" box="[372,552,2720,2758]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Rattus rattus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A13D3C210BDE9" box="[902,1101,2720,2758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB3413D3C3CCBDE9" box="[1272,1425,2720,2758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E313D3CEEDBDE9" box="[1583,2224,2720,2758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FD13D3C14ABDE9" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1585,1815,2720,2758]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF13BDCEEDBDDB" box="[307,2224,2766,2804]" gridrow="38" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF13BDC499BC0D" box="[307,708,2766,2850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB813BDC7A0BDDB" box="[372,509,2766,2804]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Sus scrofa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A13BDC210BDDB" box="[902,1101,2766,2804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB3413BDC3CCBDDB" box="[1272,1425,2766,2804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E313BDCEEDBDDB" box="[1583,2224,2766,2804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FC13BDC144BDDB" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1584,1817,2766,2804]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF138DCEEDBC0D" box="[307,2224,2814,2850]" gridrow="39" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A138DC210BC0D" box="[902,1101,2814,2850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB34138DC3CCBC0D" box="[1272,1425,2814,2850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E3138DCEEDBC0D" box="[1583,2224,2814,2850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9E3138DC16BBC0D" author="Anderson, S." box="[1583,1846,2814,2850]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 9" part="2713" refId="ref64438" refString="Anderson, S. 1981. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons. Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2713, pp. 1 - 9." title="The raccoon (Procyon lotor) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 7. Nesting sea turtles and foraging raccoons" type="book chapter" year="1981">Anderson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF1259CEEDBC7F" box="[307,2224,2858,2896]" gridrow="40" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF1259C499BC7F" box="[307,708,2858,2896]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB41259C437BC7F" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1780" box="[376,618,2858,2896]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB41259C437BC7F" box="[376,618,2858,2896]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Ursus americanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A1259C210BC7F" box="[902,1101,2858,2896]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB341259C3CCBC7F" box="[1272,1425,2858,2896]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E31259CEEDBC7F" box="[1583,2224,2858,2896]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FC1259C17CBC7F" author="Romans, B." box="[1584,1825,2858,2896]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref90360" refString="Romans, B. 1775 (1962). A concise natural history of east and west Florida. Floridiana Facsimile & Reprint Series. University of Florida Press, Gainesville." type="book" year="1775">Romans (1775)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA0004CFEFF122BCEEDBC51" box="[307,2224,2904,2942]" gridrow="41" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA0004CFEFF122BC499BC51" box="[307,708,2904,2942]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA0FF8BFEB5122BC46DBC51" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[377,560,2904,2942]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Vulpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFEB5122BC46DBC51" box="[377,560,2904,2942]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Vulpes vulpes</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFC4A122BC210BC51" box="[902,1101,2904,2942]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CFB34122BC3CCBC51" box="[1272,1425,2904,2942]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">E, H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA0004CF9E3122BCEEDBC51" box="[1583,2224,2904,2942]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9E3122BC145BC51" author="Rainey, W. E. & P. C. H. Pritchard" box="[1583,1816,2904,2942]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="135 - 145" refId="ref89249" refString="Rainey, W. E., and P. C. H. Pritchard. 1972. Distribution and management of Caribbean sea turtles. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 37: 135 - 145." type="journal article" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF8FA122BCE41BC51" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1846,2076,2904,2942]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA0FF8BFC411E60C0A6BE9C" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
S. Carolina A
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9F91E60C170B018" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1589,1837,1811,1847]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
N. Carolina H
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA0FF8BF9FE10FDC0A6BE9C" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1586,1787,2446,2483]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA0FF8BFEE512D0C27BBCE8" blockId="56.[297,1062,2979,3015]" box="[297,1062,2979,3015]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA0FF8BFEE512D0C27BBCE8" box="[297,1062,2979,3015]" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">
|
||
|
|
aRecorded elsewhere in the publication as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA0FF8BFC4712D0C27BBCE8" box="[907,1062,2979,3015]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="50">0. quadrata.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" box="[252,1317,341,374]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" startId="57.[252,350,341,374]" targetBox="[252,2185,416,1740]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="57" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF301826C378B659" blockId="57.[252,1317,341,374]" box="[252,1317,341,374]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
Table 22.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFE731826C378B659" box="[447,1317,341,374]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Carapace length (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF3218C2C1CBB1E3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA1004CFF3018D3CED4B1E3" box="[252,2185,416,1740]" gridcols="5" gridrows="28" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3018D3CED4B6E1" box="[252,2185,416,462]" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3018D3C478B6E1" box="[252,549,416,462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD18D3C504B6E1" box="[769,857,416,462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB18D3C28DB6E1" box="[1079,1232,416,462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C18D3C05CB6E1" box="[1456,1537,416,462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFA0518D6C3BBB6ED" box="[1481,1510,421,450]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CF91018D3CED4B6E1" box="[1756,2185,416,462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301B71CED4B50F" box="[252,2185,514,544]" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301B71CED4B50F" box="[252,2185,514,544]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF301B71C7A9B50F" bold="true" box="[252,500,514,544]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301B52CED4B560" box="[252,2185,545,591]" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301B52C478B560" box="[252,549,545,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Maryland"</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1B52C504B560" box="[769,857,545,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">18.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1B52C28DB560" box="[1079,1232,545,591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">17.5-19.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1B52C05CB560" box="[1456,1537,545,591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101B52CED4B560" box="[1756,2185,545,591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9101B52C191B560" author="Graham, S." box="[1756,1996,545,591]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301B23CED4B553" box="[252,2185,592,636]" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301B23C478B553" box="[252,549,592,636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1B23C504B553" box="[769,857,592,636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1B23C28DB553" box="[1079,1232,592,636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">38-50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1B23C05CB553" box="[1456,1537,592,636]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">398</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101B23CED4B553" box="[1756,2185,592,636]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9101B23C18EB553" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1756,2003,592,636]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301B0DCED4B583" box="[252,2185,638,684]" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301B0DC478B583" box="[252,549,638,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1B0DC504B583" box="[769,857,638,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFCC11B0DC573B583" bold="true" box="[781,814,638,684]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1B0DC28DB583" box="[1079,1232,638,684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">46.7-52.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1B0DC05CB583" box="[1456,1537,638,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101B0DCED4B583" box="[1756,2185,638,684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9101B0DC1BDB583" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1756,2016,638,684]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref68568" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 c. Growth measurements of young captive Atlantic sea turtles in temperate waters. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 50, 8 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301BDECED4B5F6" box="[252,2185,685,729]" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301BDEC478B5F6" box="[252,549,685,729]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1BDEC504B5F6" box="[769,857,685,729]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1BDEC28DB5F6" box="[1079,1232,685,729]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">35.4-49.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1BDEC05CB5F6" box="[1456,1537,685,729]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">200</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101BDECED4B5F6" box="[1756,2185,685,729]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111BDEC18AB5F6" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1757,2007,685,729]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301BA9CED4B42B" box="[252,2185,730,772]" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301BA9C478B42B" box="[252,549,730,772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1BA9C504B42B" box="[769,857,730,772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1BA9C28DB42B" box="[1079,1232,730,772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44-47</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1BA9C05CB42B" box="[1456,1537,730,772]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101BA9CED4B42B" box="[1756,2185,730,772]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111BA9CE6EB42B" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[1757,2099,730,772]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301A74CED4B41C" box="[252,2185,775,819]" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301A74C478B41C" box="[252,549,775,819]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1A74C504B41C" box="[769,857,775,819]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">46.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1A74C28DB41C" box="[1079,1232,775,819]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">39.2-49.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1A74C05CB41C" box="[1456,1537,775,819]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101A74CED4B41C" box="[1756,2185,775,819]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111A74C18FB41C" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1757,2002,775,819]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301A45CED4B471" box="[252,2185,822,862]" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301A45C478B471" box="[252,549,822,862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1A45C504B471" box="[769,857,822,862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1A45C28DB471" box="[1079,1232,822,862]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">33.5-49.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1A45C05CB471" box="[1456,1537,822,862]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">42</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101A45CED4B471" box="[1756,2185,822,862]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121A45C18CB471" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1758,2001,822,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301A17CED4B4A1" box="[252,2185,868,910]" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301A17C478B4A1" box="[252,549,868,910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Colombia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1A17C504B4A1" box="[769,857,868,910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1A17C28DB4A1" box="[1079,1232,868,910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1A17C05CB4A1" box="[1456,1537,868,910]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFA121A17C3A2B4A1" bold="true" box="[1502,1535,868,910]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101A17CED4B4A1" box="[1756,2185,868,910]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111A17C1A9B4A1" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1757,2036,868,910]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref80064" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1967. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft Gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 1: 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaufmann (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301AE0CED4B492" box="[252,2185,915,957]" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301AE0C478B492" box="[252,549,915,957]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Colombiab</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1AE0C504B492" box="[769,857,915,957]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">46.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1AE0C28DB492" box="[1079,1232,915,957]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">42.9-50.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1AE0C05CB492" box="[1456,1537,915,957]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFA121AE0C3A2B492" bold="true" box="[1502,1535,915,957]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101AE0CED4B492" box="[1756,2185,915,957]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111AE0C1A9B492" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1757,2036,915,957]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301ABDCED4B4C1" box="[252,2185,974,1006]" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301ABDCED4B4C1" box="[252,2185,974,1006]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF321ABDC7BDB4C1" bold="true" box="[254,480,974,1006]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301A9CCED4B336" box="[252,2185,1007,1049]" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301A9CC478B336" box="[252,549,1007,1049]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Sri Lanka</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1A9CC504B336" box="[769,857,1007,1049]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1A9CC28DB336" box="[1079,1232,1007,1049]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">42-45</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1A9CC05CB336" box="[1456,1537,1007,1049]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">21</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101A9CCED4B336" box="[1756,2185,1007,1049]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111A9CCE41B336" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1757,2076,1007,1049]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301D6ECED4B364" box="[252,2185,1053,1099]" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301D6EC478B364" box="[252,549,1053,1099]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1D6EC504B364" box="[769,857,1053,1099]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1D6EC28DB364" box="[1079,1232,1053,1099]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1D6EC05CB364" box="[1456,1537,1053,1099]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFA121D6EC3A2B364" bold="true" box="[1502,1535,1053,1099]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101D6ECED4B364" box="[1756,2185,1053,1099]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9111D6ECE0CB364" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1757,2129,1053,1099]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301D3FCED4B356" box="[252,2185,1100,1145]" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301D3FC478B356" box="[252,549,1100,1145]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1D3FC504B356" box="[769,857,1100,1145]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1D3FC28DB356" box="[1079,1232,1100,1145]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">37-48</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1D3FC05CB356" box="[1456,1537,1100,1145]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">183</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101D3FCED4B356" box="[1756,2185,1100,1145]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121D3FCE79B356" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1758,2084,1100,1145]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301D09CED4B386" box="[252,2185,1146,1193]" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301D09C478B386" box="[252,549,1146,1193]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1D09C504B386" box="[769,857,1146,1193]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1D09C28DB386" box="[1079,1232,1146,1193]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFBBF1D09C2C9B386" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,1146,1193]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1D09C05CB386" box="[1456,1537,1146,1193]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">499</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101D09CED4B386" box="[1756,2185,1146,1193]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121D09CED4B386" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1758,2185,1146,1193]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301DD9CED4B3F8" box="[252,2185,1194,1239]" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301DD9C478B3F8" box="[252,549,1194,1239]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1DD9C504B3F8" box="[769,857,1194,1239]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1DD9C28DB3F8" box="[1079,1232,1194,1239]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFBBF1DD9C2C9B3F8" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,1194,1239]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1DD9C05CB3F8" box="[1456,1537,1194,1239]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101DD9CED4B3F8" box="[1756,2185,1194,1239]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121DD9C189B3F8" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1758,2004,1194,1239]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301DABCED4B229" box="[252,2185,1240,1286]" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301DABC478B229" box="[252,549,1240,1286]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1DABC504B229" box="[769,857,1240,1286]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1DABC28DB229" box="[1079,1232,1240,1286]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">41.4-46.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1DABC05CB229" box="[1456,1537,1240,1286]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101DABCED4B229" box="[1756,2185,1240,1286]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121DABC1F0B229" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1758,1965,1240,1286]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
eQ
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301C74CED4B21C" box="[252,2185,1287,1331]" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301C74C478B21C" box="[252,549,1287,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1C74C504B21C" box="[769,857,1287,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1C74C28DB21C" box="[1079,1232,1287,1331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">42.0-48.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1C74C05CB21C" box="[1456,1537,1287,1331]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">58</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101C74CED4B21C" box="[1756,2185,1287,1331]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121C74C198B21C" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1758,1989,1287,1331]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301C47CED4B24D" box="[252,2185,1332,1378]" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301C47C478B24D" box="[252,549,1332,1378]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1C47C504B24D" box="[769,857,1332,1378]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1C47C28DB24D" box="[1079,1232,1332,1378]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">38.7-48.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1C47C05CB24D" box="[1456,1537,1332,1378]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">1,004</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101C47CED4B24D" box="[1756,2185,1332,1378]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131C47C1E4B24D" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1759,1977,1332,1378]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301C1FCED4B2A1" box="[252,2185,1388,1422]" gridrow="20" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301C1FCED4B2A1" box="[252,2185,1388,1422]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF321C1FC467B2A1" bold="true" box="[254,570,1388,1422]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Mediterranean Sea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301CFCCED4B299" box="[252,2185,1423,1462]" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301CFCC478B299" box="[252,549,1423,1462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1CFCC504B299" box="[769,857,1423,1462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">40.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1CFCC28DB299" box="[1079,1232,1423,1462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFBB81CFCC2C9B299" bold="true" box="[1140,1172,1423,1462]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1CFCC05CB299" box="[1456,1537,1423,1462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101CFCCED4B299" box="[1756,2185,1423,1462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121CFCCE7EB299" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1758,2083,1423,1462]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301CCDCED4B2CA" box="[252,2185,1470,1509]" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301CCDC478B2CA" box="[252,549,1470,1509]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1CCDC504B2CA" box="[769,857,1470,1509]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">40.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1CCDC28DB2CA" box="[1079,1232,1470,1509]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFBB81CCDC2C9B2CA" bold="true" box="[1140,1172,1470,1509]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1CCDC05CB2CA" box="[1456,1537,1470,1509]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">221</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101CCDCED4B2CA" box="[1756,2185,1470,1509]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131CCDC1AAB2CA" author="Sutherland, J. M." box="[1759,2039,1470,1509]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="6 - 8" refId="ref94334" refString="Sutherland, J. M. 1985. Marine turtles in Greece and their conservation. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 32: 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1985">Sutherland (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301C84CED4B136" box="[252,2185,1527,1561]" gridrow="23" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301C84CED4B136" box="[252,2185,1527,1561]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF311C84C7BCB136" bold="true" box="[253,481,1527,1561]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301F69CED4B168" box="[252,2185,1562,1607]" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301F69C478B168" box="[252,549,1562,1607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1F69C504B168" box="[769,857,1562,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">43.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1F69C28DB168" box="[1079,1232,1562,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">40.0-49.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1F69C05CB168" box="[1456,1537,1562,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">127</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101F69CED4B168" box="[1756,2185,1562,1607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131F69CE7EB168" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1759,2083,1562,1607]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301F3BCED4B15A" box="[252,2185,1608,1653]" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301F3BC478B15A" box="[252,549,1608,1653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1F3BC504B15A" box="[769,857,1608,1653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">43.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1F3BC28DB15A" box="[1079,1232,1608,1653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">39.0-46.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1F3BC05CB15A" box="[1456,1537,1608,1653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">710</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101F3BCED4B15A" box="[1756,2185,1608,1653]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131F3BC199B15A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1759,1988,1608,1653]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301F05CED4B18C" box="[252,2185,1654,1699]" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301F05C478B18C" box="[252,549,1654,1699]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1F05C504B18C" box="[769,857,1654,1699]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">45.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1F05C28DB18C" box="[1079,1232,1654,1699]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">40.0-55.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1F05C05CB18C" box="[1456,1537,1654,1699]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">60</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101F05CED4B18C" box="[1756,2185,1654,1699]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131F05C1AEB18C" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1759,2035,1654,1699]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF301FD7CED4B1E3" box="[252,2185,1700,1740]" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF301FD7C478B1E3" box="[252,549,1700,1740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Solomon Islands</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCCD1FD7C504B1E3" box="[769,857,1700,1740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">44.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFBFB1FD7C28DB1E3" box="[1079,1232,1700,1740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">43-46</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA7C1FD7C05CB1E3" box="[1456,1537,1700,1740]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9101FD7CED4B1E3" box="[1756,2185,1700,1740]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121FD7C1CBB1E3" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1758,1942,1700,1740]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA1FF8AFF311F89C4E0B06F" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[252,2185,416,1740]" targetPageId="57">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF311F89C52BB036" blockId="57.[253,886,1786,1856]" box="[253,886,1786,1817]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">aMost probably an inaccurate measurement.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF321E69C4E0B06F" blockId="57.[253,886,1786,1856]" box="[254,701,1818,1856]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">bBased on 6-day-old hatchlings.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080" box="[253,1324,1931,1967]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" startId="57.[253,351,1931,1967]" targetBox="[253,2185,2016,2955]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="57" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF311EF8C371B080" blockId="57.[253,1324,1931,1967]" box="[253,1324,1931,1967]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
Table 23.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFE731EF8C371B080" box="[447,1324,1931,1967]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Carapace width (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFF331E93C1CABCA4" blockId="57.[252,2187,2016,2068]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA1004CFF311E93CED4BCA4" box="[253,2185,2016,2955]" gridcols="5" gridrows="20" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311E93CED4B0D3" box="[253,2185,2016,2044]" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311E93C47AB0D3" box="[253,551,2016,2044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61E93C53FB0D3" box="[778,866,2016,2044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFB841E93C2BCB0D3" box="[1096,1249,2016,2044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFA091E93C3A6B0D3" box="[1477,1531,2016,2044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">TV</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CF9111E93CED4B0D3" box="[1757,2185,2016,2044]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311141CED4BF7B" box="[253,2185,2098,2132]" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311141CED4BF7B" box="[253,2185,2098,2132]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF311141C7A8BF7B" bold="true" box="[253,501,2098,2132]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF31112BCED4BFAD" box="[253,2185,2136,2178]" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF31112BC47ABFAD" box="[253,551,2136,2178]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Maryland3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC6112BC53FBFAD" box="[778,866,2136,2178]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">7.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB84112BC2BCBFAD" box="[1096,1249,2136,2178]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">6.4-7.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA09112BC3A6BFAD" box="[1477,1531,2136,2178]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF911112BCED4BFAD" box="[1757,2185,2136,2178]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF911112BC190BFAD" author="Graham, S." box="[1757,1997,2136,2178]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3111F5CED4BF83" box="[253,2185,2182,2220]" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3111F5C47ABF83" box="[253,551,2182,2220]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC611F5C53FBF83" box="[778,866,2182,2220]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">35.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB8411F5C2BCBF83" box="[1096,1249,2182,2220]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">31 -40</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA0911F5C3A6BF83" box="[1477,1531,2182,2220]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">398</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF91111F5CED4BF83" box="[1757,2185,2182,2220]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF91211F5C189BF83" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1758,2004,2182,2220]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3111C0CED4BFF2" box="[253,2185,2227,2269]" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3111C0C47ABFF2" box="[253,551,2227,2269]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC611C0C53FBFF2" box="[778,866,2227,2269]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">34.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB8411C0C2BCBFF2" box="[1096,1249,2227,2269]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">26.8-38.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA0911C0C3A6BFF2" box="[1477,1531,2227,2269]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">200</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF91111C0CED4BFF2" box="[1757,2185,2227,2269]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF91211C0C185BFF2" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1758,2008,2227,2269]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311192CED4BE28" box="[253,2185,2273,2311]" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311192C47ABE28" box="[253,551,2273,2311]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61192C53FBE28" box="[778,866,2273,2311]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">34.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841192C2BCBE28" box="[1096,1249,2273,2311]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">30.2-38.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091192C3A6BE28" box="[1477,1531,2273,2311]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111192CED4BE28" box="[1757,2185,2273,2311]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131192C18FBE28" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1759,2002,2273,2311]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF31107CCED4BE1A" box="[253,2185,2319,2357]" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF31107CC47ABE1A" box="[253,551,2319,2357]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC6107CC53FBE1A" box="[778,866,2319,2357]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">34.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB84107CC2BCBE1A" box="[1096,1249,2319,2357]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">29.0-38.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA09107CC3A6BE1A" box="[1477,1531,2319,2357]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">42</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF911107CCED4BE1A" box="[1757,2185,2319,2357]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF913107CC18FBE1A" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1759,2002,2319,2357]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311036CED4BE48" box="[253,2185,2373,2407]" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311036CED4BE48" box="[253,2185,2373,2407]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFF321036C7BDBE48" bold="true" box="[254,480,2373,2407]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311018CED4BEBD" box="[253,2185,2411,2450]" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311018C47ABEBD" box="[253,551,2411,2450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Sri Lanka</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61018C53FBEBD" box="[778,866,2411,2450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">35.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841018C2BCBEBD" box="[1096,1249,2411,2450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">34-38</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091018C3A6BEBD" box="[1477,1531,2411,2450]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">21</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111018CED4BEBD" box="[1757,2185,2411,2450]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9121018CE40BEBD" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1758,2077,2411,2450]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="43 - 88" refId="ref70948" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1930. The Testudinata of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sei. (B) 16: 43 - 88." type="journal article" year="1930">Deraniyagala (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3110EACED4BEEC" box="[253,2185,2457,2499]" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3110EAC47ABEEC" box="[253,551,2457,2499]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC610EAC53FBEEC" box="[778,866,2457,2499]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">35</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB8410EAC2BCBEEC" box="[1096,1249,2457,2499]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA0910EAC3A6BEEC" box="[1477,1531,2457,2499]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFA1410EAC3A4BEEC" bold="true" box="[1496,1529,2457,2499]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF91110EACED4BEEC" box="[1757,2185,2457,2499]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF91310EACE0CBEEC" author="McAllister, HJ & A. J. Bass & HJ. van Schoor" box="[1759,2129,2457,2499]" journalOrPublisher="Lammergeyer" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="10 - 40" part="3" refId="ref84540" refString="McAllister, HJ .. A. J. Bass, and HJ. van Schoor. 1965. The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal. Lammergeyer 3 (2): 10 - 40." title="The marine turtles of Tongaland, Natal" type="journal article" year="1965">McAllister et al. (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3110B4CED4BEDE" box="[253,2185,2503,2545]" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3110B4C47ABEDE" box="[253,551,2503,2545]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC610B4C53FBEDE" box="[778,866,2503,2545]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB8410B4C2BCBEDE" box="[1096,1249,2503,2545]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">29-39</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA0910B4C3A6BEDE" box="[1477,1531,2503,2545]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">183</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF91110B4CED4BEDE" box="[1757,2185,2503,2545]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF91310B4CE78BEDE" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1759,2085,2503,2545]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311087CED4BD31" box="[253,2185,2548,2590]" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311087C47ABD31" box="[253,551,2548,2590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61087C53FBD31" box="[778,866,2548,2590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841087C2BCBD31" box="[1096,1249,2548,2590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFB481087C2F9BD31" bold="true" box="[1156,1188,2548,2590]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091087C3A6BD31" box="[1477,1531,2548,2590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">499</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111087CED4BD31" box="[1757,2185,2548,2590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131087CED4BD31" author="Hughes, G. R. & M. T. Mentis" box="[1759,2185,2548,2590]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref78935" refString="Hughes, G. R., and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, II. Lammergeyer 7: 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes and Mentis (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311350CED4BD63" box="[253,2185,2595,2636]" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311350C47ABD63" box="[253,551,2595,2636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61350C53FBD63" box="[778,866,2595,2636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841350C2BCBD63" box="[1096,1249,2595,2636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFB481350C2F8BD63" bold="true" box="[1156,1189,2595,2636]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091350C3A6BD63" box="[1477,1531,2595,2636]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">50</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111350CED4BD63" box="[1757,2185,2595,2636]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF9131350C188BD63" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1759,2005,2595,2636]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311323CED4BD56" box="[253,2185,2640,2681]" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311323C47ABD56" box="[253,551,2640,2681]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61323C53FBD56" box="[778,866,2640,2681]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841323C2BCBD56" box="[1096,1249,2640,2681]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">31.9-38.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091323C3A6BD56" box="[1477,1531,2640,2681]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111323CED4BD56" box="[1757,2185,2640,2681]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF92C1323C18BBD56" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1760,2006,2640,2681]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF31130DCED4BD89" box="[253,2185,2686,2726]" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF31130DC47ABD89" box="[253,551,2686,2726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC6130DC53FBD89" box="[778,866,2686,2726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB84130DC2BCBD89" box="[1096,1249,2686,2726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">31.6-38.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA09130DC3A6BD89" box="[1477,1531,2686,2726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">58</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF911130DCED4BD89" box="[1757,2185,2686,2726]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF92C130DC198BD89" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1760,1989,2686,2726]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3113C2CED4BDFB" box="[253,2185,2737,2772]" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3113C2CED4BDFB" box="[253,2185,2737,2772]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFECC13C2C466BDFB" bold="true" box="[256,571,2737,2772]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Mediterranean Sea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF3113AACED4BDD2" box="[253,2185,2777,2813]" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF3113AAC47ABDD2" box="[253,551,2777,2813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Greece</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC613AAC53FBDD2" box="[778,866,2777,2813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">33.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB8413AAC2BCBDD2" box="[1096,1249,2777,2813]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFB4913AAC2F8BDD2" bold="true" box="[1157,1189,2777,2813]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA0913AAC3A6BDD2" box="[1477,1531,2777,2813]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF91113AACED4BDD2" box="[1757,2185,2777,2813]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF92C13AACE79BDD2" author="Margaritoulis" box="[1760,2084,2777,2813]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="193 - 204" refId="ref84026" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1982. Observations on loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta activity during three nesting seasons (1977 - 1979) in Zakynthos. Greece. Biol. Conserv. 24: 193 - 204." type="journal article" year="1982">Margaritoulis (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF31127DCED4BC1F" box="[253,2185,2830,2864]" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF31127DCED4BC1F" box="[253,2185,2830,2864]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA1FF8AFECC127DC7BEBC1F" bold="true" box="[256,483,2830,2864]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311245CED4BC4F" box="[253,2185,2870,2912]" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311245C47ABC4F" box="[253,551,2870,2912]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61245C53FBC4F" box="[778,866,2870,2912]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">40.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841245C2BCBC4F" box="[1096,1249,2870,2912]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">34-51</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091245C3A6BC4F" box="[1477,1531,2870,2912]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">60</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111245CED4BC4F" box="[1757,2185,2870,2912]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF92D1245C1A8BC4F" author="Nishimura, S." box="[1761,2037,2870,2912]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" pagination="19 - 35" refId="ref86633" refString="Nishimura, S. 1967. The loggerhead turtles in Japan and neighboring waters (Testudinata: Cheloniidae). Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 15 (l): 19 - 35." type="journal article" year="1967">Nishimura (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA1004CFF311216CED4BCA4" box="[253,2185,2917,2955]" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA1004CFF311216C47ABCA4" box="[253,551,2917,2955]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">Solomon Islands</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFCC61216C53FBCA4" box="[778,866,2917,2955]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">38.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFB841216C2BCBCA4" box="[1096,1249,2917,2955]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">36.5-39.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CFA091216C3A6BCA4" box="[1477,1531,2917,2955]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA1004CF9111216CED4BCA4" box="[1757,2185,2917,2955]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA1FF8AF92C1216C1CABCA4" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1760,1943,2917,2955]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA1FF8AFECC12CBC529BCF7" blockId="57.[256,884,3000,3032]" box="[256,884,3000,3032]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA1FF8AFECC12CBC529BCF7" box="[256,884,3000,3032]" pageId="57" pageNumber="51">aMost probably an inaccurate measurement.</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647" box="[311,1326,319,360]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" startId="58.[311,409,319,360]" targetBox="[311,2246,403,620]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="58" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEFB184CC373B647" blockId="58.[311,1326,319,360]" box="[311,1326,319,360]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
Table 24.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FE3B184CC373B647" box="[503,1326,319,360]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Head width (mm) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEF518E0CEEFB543" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA2004CFEFB18E0CE9BB543" box="[311,2246,403,620]" gridcols="5" gridrows="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEFB18E0CE9BB697" box="[311,2246,403,440]" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEFB18E0C466B697" box="[311,571,403,440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFC9618E0C5EEB697" box="[858,947,403,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFB1918E0C331B697" box="[1237,1388,403,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CF94618E0C0F1B697" box="[1674,1708,403,440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">JV</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CF80618E0CE9BB697" box="[1994,2246,403,440]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEFB1894CE9BB521" box="[311,2246,487,526]" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEFB1894C466B521" box="[311,571,487,526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Solomon Islands</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC961894C5EEB521" box="[858,947,487,526]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">15.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB191894C331B521" box="[1237,1388,487,526]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">15-16</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9461894C0F1B521" box="[1674,1708,487,526]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">10</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF8061894CE9BB521" box="[1994,2246,487,526]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F8061894CEDEB521" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1994,2179,487,526]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEFB1B65CE9BB512" box="[311,2246,534,573]" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEFB1B65C466B512" box="[311,571,534,573]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC961B65C5EEB512" box="[858,947,534,573]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">15.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB191B65C331B512" box="[1237,1388,534,573]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">14.5-16.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9461B65C0F1B512" box="[1674,1708,534,573]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF8061B65CE9BB512" box="[1994,2246,534,573]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Hughes (197 W)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEFB1B36CE9BB543" box="[311,2246,581,620]" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEFB1B36C466B543" box="[311,571,581,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC961B36C5EEB543" box="[858,947,581,620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">16.1</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB191B36C331B543" box="[1237,1388,581,620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">14.4-16.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9461B36C0F1B543" box="[1674,1708,581,620]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">58</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF8061B36CE9BB543" box="[1994,2246,581,620]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F8071B36CEEFB543" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1995,2226,581,620]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430" box="[312,1185,760,799]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" startId="58.[312,411,760,799]" targetBox="[312,2248,845,1614]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="58" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEF41B8BC2FCB430" blockId="58.[312,1185,760,799]" box="[312,1185,760,799]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
Table 25.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FE3A1B8BC2FCB430" box="[502,1185,760,799]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Mass (g) of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEF51A3ECE34B161" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA2004CFEF41A3ECE95B161" box="[312,2248,845,1614]" gridcols="5" gridrows="14" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41A3ECE95B45D" box="[312,2248,845,882]" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41A3EC413B45D" box="[312,590,845,882]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1A3EC5F7B45D" box="[848,938,845,882]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Mean</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFB611A3EC31AB45D" box="[1197,1351,845,882]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Range</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CF9861A3EC022B45D" box="[1610,1663,845,882]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89F99A1A3EC028B45D" box="[1622,1653,845,882]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1A3ECE95B45D" box="[1921,2248,845,882]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41AD6CE95B4E8" box="[312,2248,933,967]" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41AD6CE95B4E8" box="[312,2248,933,967]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FEF41AD6C46DB4E8" bold="true" box="[312,560,933,967]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Atlantic Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41AA2CE95B4D9" box="[312,2248,977,1014]" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41AA2C413B4D9" box="[312,590,977,1014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Maryland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1AA2C5F7B4D9" box="[848,938,977,1014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FCA11AA2C5D3B4D9" bold="true" box="[877,910,977,1014]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611AA2C31AB4D9" box="[1197,1351,977,1014]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">17.0-19.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861AA2C022B4D9" box="[1610,1663,977,1014]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1AA2CE95B4D9" box="[1921,2248,977,1014]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84D1AA2CE2FB4DB" author="Graham, S." box="[1921,2162,977,1012]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="24 - 26" refId="ref75699" refString="Graham, S. 1973. The first record of Caretta caretta caretta nesting on a Maryland beach. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 9: 24 - 26." type="journal article" year="1973">Graham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41A8CCE95B30B" box="[312,2248,1023,1060]" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41A8CC413B30B" box="[312,590,1023,1060]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">South Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1A8CC5F7B30B" box="[848,938,1023,1060]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">21.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611A8CC31AB30B" box="[1197,1351,1023,1060]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FB251A8CC357B30B" bold="true" box="[1257,1290,1023,1060]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861A8CC022B30B" box="[1610,1663,1023,1060]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">104</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1A8CCE95B30B" box="[1921,2248,1023,1060]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84D1A8CCE24B30C" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1921,2169,1023,1059]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41D5DCE95B37C" box="[312,2248,1070,1107]" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41D5DC413B37C" box="[312,590,1070,1107]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Georgia</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1D5DC5F7B37C" box="[848,938,1070,1107]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">18.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611D5DC31AB37C" box="[1197,1351,1070,1107]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">13.5-23.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861D5DC022B37C" box="[1610,1663,1070,1107]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">200</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1D5DCE95B37C" box="[1921,2248,1070,1107]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1D5DCE21B37E" author="Kraemer, J." box="[1922,2172,1070,1105]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref80698" refString="Kraemer, J. E .. 1979. Variation in incubation length of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, clutches on the Georgia coast. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Georgia, Athens." type="book" year="1979">Kraemer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41D2FCE95B3AF" box="[312,2248,1116,1152]" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41D2FC413B3AF" box="[312,590,1116,1152]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1D2FC5F7B3AF" box="[848,938,1116,1152]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">21.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611D2FC31AB3AF" box="[1197,1351,1116,1152]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">16.1-25.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861D2FC022B3AF" box="[1610,1663,1116,1152]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1D2FCE95B3AF" box="[1921,2248,1116,1152]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1D2FCE2AB3AF" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1922,2167,1116,1152]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41DF8CE95B380" box="[312,2248,1163,1199]" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41DF8C413B380" box="[312,590,1163,1199]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1DF8C5F7B380" box="[848,938,1163,1199]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">20.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611DF8C31AB380" box="[1197,1351,1163,1199]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">12.2-27.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861DF8C022B380" box="[1610,1663,1163,1199]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">42</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1DF8CE95B380" box="[1921,2248,1163,1199]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1DF8CE2BB381" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1922,2166,1163,1198]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref71483" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1979 c. Reproductive characteristics and management potential of the sea turtle rookery at Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. Pages 397 - 399 in R. M. Linn (ed.), Proceedings of the First Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. Vol. 1, U. S. Natl. Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. No. 5." type="proceedings" year="1979">Ehrhart (1979c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41DCBCE95B3F0" box="[312,2248,1208,1247]" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41DCBC413B3F0" box="[312,590,1208,1247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Colombia3</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1DCBC5F7B3F0" box="[848,938,1208,1247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">49.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611DCBC31AB3F0" box="[1197,1351,1208,1247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">42.1-63.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861DCBC022B3F0" box="[1610,1663,1208,1247]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89F9921DC9C022B3F0" bold="true" box="[1630,1663,1210,1247]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1DCBCE95B3F0" box="[1921,2248,1208,1247]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1DCBCEC4B3F3" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1922,2201,1208,1244]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="45 - 56" refId="ref80091" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1968. Zur Brutbiologie der Meeresschildkrote Caretta caretta caretta L. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 2: 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="1968">Kaufmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41C64CE95B216" box="[312,2248,1303,1337]" gridrow="8" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41C64CE95B216" box="[312,2248,1303,1337]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FEF51C64C441B216" bold="true" box="[313,540,1303,1337]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41C37CE95B247" box="[312,2248,1348,1384]" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41C37C413B247" box="[312,590,1348,1384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1C37C5F7B247" box="[848,938,1348,1384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">19.7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611C37C31AB247" box="[1197,1351,1348,1384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">16.5-22.4</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861C37C022B247" box="[1610,1663,1348,1384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1C37CE95B247" box="[1921,2248,1348,1384]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1C37CE04B247" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1922,2137,1348,1384]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
(f)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41C01CE95B2B7" box="[312,2248,1394,1432]" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41C01C413B2B7" box="[312,590,1394,1432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Tongaland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1C01C5F7B2B7" box="[848,938,1394,1432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">22.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611C01C31AB2B7" box="[1197,1351,1394,1432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">17.6-24.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861C01C022B2B7" box="[1610,1663,1394,1432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">58</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1C01CE95B2B7" box="[1921,2248,1394,1432]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1C01CE34B2B7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1922,2153,1394,1432]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref78400" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1972. The marine turtles of Tongaland, VI. Lammergeyer 15: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1972">Hughes (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41CBCCE95B2DE" box="[312,2248,1487,1521]" gridrow="11" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41CBCCE95B2DE" box="[312,2248,1487,1521]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA2FF89FEF41CBCC440B2DE" bold="true" box="[312,541,1487,1521]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Pacific Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41C8ECE95B10E" box="[312,2248,1533,1569]" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41C8EC413B10E" box="[312,590,1533,1569]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1C8EC5F7B10E" box="[848,938,1533,1569]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">19.3</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611C8EC31AB10E" box="[1197,1351,1533,1569]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">15.5-22.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861C8EC022B10E" box="[1610,1663,1533,1569]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">127</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1C8ECE95B10E" box="[1921,2248,1533,1569]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84F1C8ECE95B10E" author="Limpus, C. J. & A. Fleay & M. Guinea" box="[1923,2248,1533,1569]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref82413" refString="Limpus, C. J., A. Fleay, and M. Guinea. 1984. Sea turtles of the Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 61 - 78 in W. T. Ward and P. Saenger (eds.), R. Soc. Qd. Symp. Capricornia Section, Great Barrier Reef, Royal Soc. Qld. and Australian Coral Reef Soc, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1984">Limpus et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA2004CFEF41F58CE95B161" box="[312,2248,1579,1614]" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA2004CFEF41F58C413B161" box="[312,590,1579,1614]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">Queensland</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFC9C1F58C5F7B161" box="[848,938,1579,1614]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">20.9</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CFB611F58C31AB161" box="[1197,1351,1579,1614]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">14.6-26.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF9861F58C022B161" box="[1610,1663,1579,1614]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">690</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA2004CF84D1F58CE95B161" box="[1921,2248,1579,1614]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F84E1F58CE34B161" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1922,2153,1579,1614]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEF41F04C4ABB1B6" blockId="58.[312,758,1655,1689]" box="[312,758,1655,1689]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA2FF89FEF41F04C4ABB1B6" box="[312,758,1655,1689]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[312,2248,845,1614]" targetPageId="58">aBased on 6-day-old hatchlings.</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FEAC1309C129BF5A" blockId="58.[310,1253,2682,3017]" lastBlockId="58.[1306,2248,1784,2165]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
During a nesting season in Georgia and South Carolina, 100 % males resulted from eggs deposited in late May. Clutches deposited in early July produced 80 % females. The sex ratio dropped to only 10 % females for eggs laid in early August (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FC081233C7D0BCB7" author="Mrosovsky, N. & S. R. Hopkins-Murphy" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="739 - 741" refId="ref86022" refString="Mrosovsky, N., S. R. Hopkins-Murphy, andj. l. Richardson. 1984. Sex ratio of sea turtles: seasonal changes. Science (Wash., DC) 225: 739 - 741." type="journal article" year="1984">Mrosovsky et al. 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The seasonal time of deposition probably affects incubation temperature which in turn affects the sex ratio of the hatchlings, since sand temperatures are cooler earlier in the season than they are during midsummer. However, on a natural beach in Australia,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89FAD71EF8C3B3B09E" author="Reed, P. C." box="[1307,1518,1931,1969]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" refId="ref89517" refString="Reed, P. C. 1980. The sex ratios of hatchling loggerhead turtles - the progeny of two nesting adult females. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University; Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Reed (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found a significant hatchling bias toward females from all clutches produced by two females during the 1979- 1980 nesting season, indicating either consistency in selecting female-producing nesting locations or a degree of heritablity in ESD.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FA8F11C0C3B0BE5D" blockId="58.[1304,2248,2227,2418]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">After reviewing the data, it may be premature to automatically assume a 1: 1 sex ratio in loggerhead hatchlings coming from a particular beach in any particular year.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF89FAB71097C0BEBD11" blockId="58.[1403,2133,2532,2622]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA2FF89FAB71097C0BEBD11" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">3.3 Juvenile, Subadult, and Adult Phase 3.3. 1 Longevity</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA2FF88FA8E1308C2CEB57A" blockId="58.[1304,2247,2683,3019]" lastBlockId="59.[251,1191,355,597]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="58" pageNumber="52">
|
||
|
|
There are no documented longevity estimates for wild loggerhead turtles.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F9A513DFC169BDFC" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1641,1844,2732,2771]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="516 - 519" refId="ref73459" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 a. Effect of tidal cycles on loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, emerging from the sea. Copeia 1983: 516 - 519." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<r) estimated the reproductive life span of loggerheads on Little Cumberland Island, GA, an area of heavy shrimping activity, to be 32 yr with an annual constant survivorship of adult females of 0.81. Assuming these females take 15-30 yr to reach maturity (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA2FF89F9AE12D0C168BCE4" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1634,1845,2979,3019]" pageId="58" pageNumber="52" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), the maximum female life span would be 47-62 yr. In the absence of human effects, natural longevity could be greater (Frazer, personal communication). Other populations may reach maturity at an earlier or later date (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA3FF88FC551888C263B50D" box="[921,1086,507,546]" captionStart="Table 26" captionStartId="59.[245,344,1870,1906]" captionTargetBox="[242,2175,2002,2897]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Table 26. Growth rates and estimated age at maturity of loggerhead sea turtles. C = captive turtles; W wild turtles. Some values were derivedfrom Part 3 of the Appendix in Zug et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A">Table 26</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and nothing is known of male survivorship or longevity.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FEE91BE1C5D8B498" blockId="59.[249,1190,658,951]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
In records of captive animals,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FC861BE1C261B596" author="Flower, S. S." box="[842,1084,658,697]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="911 - 981" refId="ref73004" refString="Flower, S. S. 1925. Contributions to our knowledge of the duration of life in vertebrate animals. III. Reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 95: 911 - 981." type="journal article" year="1925">Flower (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
mentioned a
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA3FF88FE5E1BB6C7A1B5C3" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[402,508,709,748]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FE5E1BB6C7A1B5C3" box="[402,508,709,748]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in a New York aquarium for 14 yr and another in Monaco for 12 yr.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FD301B8BC5B5B430" author="Flower, S. S." box="[764,1000,760,799]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref73042" refString="Flower, S. S. 1937. Further notes on the duration of life in animals. III. Reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 107: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1937">Flower (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
added two additional records: 33 yr at the Vasco da Gama Aquarium in Portugal and 25 yr for a female in the Berlin Zoological Garden Aquarium.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FE691D54C49FB362" blockId="59.[421,706,1063,1101]" box="[421,706,1063,1101]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA3FF88FE691D54C49FB362" box="[421,706,1063,1101]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">3.3. 2 Hardiness</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FEEF1DFFC0D8B338" blockId="59.[246,1191,1164,1753]" lastBlockId="59.[1241,2188,354,1047]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads may be considered a hardy and adaptable species within their natural environment (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FB981DCDC70DB238" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). However, they are susceptible to cold-stunning in areas that normally do not experience extremely cold weather, such as in Florida during the freezes in the late 1890's (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FEB51CF5C47AB283" author="Brice, J. J." box="[377,551,1414,1452]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="263 - 342" refId="ref66970" refString="Brice, J. J. 1896. The fish and fisheries of the coastal waters of Florida. Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish. 22: 263 - 342." type="journal article" year="1896">Brice 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and the December 1983 and January 1985 freezes (Ehrhart, personal communication;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FB951CCBC476B13F" author="Provancha, M. J. & P. A. Schmalzer & C. R. Hall" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="199 - 212" refId="ref89071" refString="Provancha, M. J., P. A. Schmalzer, and C. R. Hall. 1986. Effects of the December 1983 and January 1985 freezing air temperatures on select aquatic poikilothcrms and plant species of Merritt Island, Florida. Fla. Sei. 49 (4): 199 - 212." type="journal article" year="1986">Provancha et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Stragglers also may be cold-stunned in northern waters in the autumn prior to returning south (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FEA41F3DC550B15A" author="Meylan, A. B. & S. Sadove" box="[360,781,1614,1653]" journalOrPublisher="New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="7 - 8" part="37" refId="ref85207" refString="Meylan, A. B., and S. Sadove. 1986. Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound, New York. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 37: 7 - 8." title="Cold-stunning in Long Island Sound" type="journal article" year="1986">Meylan and Sadove 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) or as they ride the Gulf Stream waters to Europe (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FD1E1F0CC250B188" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[722,1037,1663,1703]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FBF91F0CC4D4B1F6" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
considered the loggerhead quite sensitive to cold weather, noting the death of captive individuals during the winter of 1916- 1917.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F82018E6C31BB6C0" author="Schwartz, F. J." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="16 - 18" refId="ref92020" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1978. Behavioral and tolerance responses to cold water temperatures by three species of sea turtles (Reptilia, Cheloniidae) in North Carolina. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1978">Schwartz (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads died after 9-12 h of exposure to water temperatures of 5.0-6.5°C. At 9.5°C, adults became "floaters" although smaller turtles were able to swim normally at lower temperatures.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F7C81B2CC30AB596" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found that loggerheads could survive sharp drops in sea water temperature. He placed hatchlings kept at water temperatures of 14- 18 ° C suddenly in water 6-7 °C or 9- 10°C. The hatchlings survived. Feeding continued in water as cold as 17°C, and hatchlings survived at least 14 d in water 14°C. Turtles dunked in cold water recovered immediately upon return to warmer water.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF8FFACF1D2AC545B6CA" blockId="59.[1237,2182,1113,1753]" lastBlockId="60.[329,1272,345,485]" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads are susceptible to drowning in fishing nets (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FAF31DFFC0F0B39C" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." box="[1343,1709,1164,1203]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F91D1DFFC1FAB39C" author="Weber, M." box="[1745,1959,1164,1203]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref95936" refString="Weber, M. 1987. TEDS: Salvation for sea turtles? Defenders 62 (1): 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Weber 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F8071DFFC372B3CA" author="Thompson, G." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), especially shrimp nets that are trawled for extended periods of time.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9541D83C1D1B238" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1688,1932,1264,1303]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="157 - 159" refId="ref87486" refString="Parker, G. H. 1925. The time of submergence necessary to drown alligators and turtles. Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5: 157 - 159." type="journal article" year="1925">Parker (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
observed sea turtles in an aquarium and noted that they generally spent less than 40 min submerged. He also observed a loggerhead in the Berlin Aquarium that submerged voluntarily for 64 min but noted it was in a quiescent state.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FA851C99C0AEB13E" author="Ingle, R. M. & F. G. W. Smith" box="[1353,1779,1514,1553]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref79047" refString="Ingle, R. M., and F. G. W. Smith. 1949. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, with annotated bibliography. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL, 106 pp." type="book" year="1949">Ingle and Smith (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that captive loggerheads remained submerged up to 3 h in the winter. Loggerheads apparently can hibernate in some areas (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FA8F1FF2C019B187" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & L. Ogren & C. McVea" box="[1347,1604,1665,1704]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref69341" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., L. Ogren, and C. McVea. 1981. Apparent hibernation by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta off Cape Canaveral, Florida. Biol. Conserv. 19: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">Carr et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9AD1FF2C1A8B187" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[1633,2037,1665,1704]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) so they may be able to remain submerged over an extended period. However, the increased oxygen demand associated with attempts to escape a net probably hastens drowning or asphyxiation.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" startId="59.[245,344,1870,1906]" targetBox="[242,2175,2002,2897]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="59" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" blockId="59.[245,2178,1870,1957]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
Table 26.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FE7F1E3DC082B08A" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
Growth rates and estimated age at maturity of loggerhead sea turtles. C = captive turtles; W wild turtles. Some values were derived from Part 3 of the Appendix in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88FA721E0EC085B08A" author="Zug, G. R." box="[1470,1752,1917,1957]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">Zug et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FF391EA1C1F6BC7E" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA3004CFF3E1EA1CE22BC7E" box="[242,2175,2002,2897]" gridcols="4" gridrows="18" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1EA1CE22BF06" box="[242,2175,2002,2089]" gridrow="0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1EA1C71DBF06" box="[242,320,2002,2089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF391EA1C71DB0D9" bold="true" box="[245,320,2002,2038]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c/w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71EA1C5F7BF06" box="[523,938,2002,2089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
Estimated age at maturity
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD721172C4A8BF06" bold="true" box="[702,757,2049,2089]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">(yO</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91EA1C38BBF06" box="[1141,1494,2002,2089]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">Estimated growth rate (cm/yr)</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CF9521EA1CE22BF06" box="[1694,2175,2002,2089]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1135CE22BF58" box="[242,2175,2118,2167]" gridrow="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1135C71DBF58" box="[242,320,2118,2167]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71135C5F7BF58" box="[523,938,2118,2167]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD04113EC4B4BF5D" bold="true" box="[712,745,2125,2162]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91135C38BBF58" box="[1141,1494,2118,2167]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">16.17</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521135CE22BF8A" box="[1694,2175,2118,2213]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96D112AC12ABF59" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1697,1911,2137,2166]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="422 - 424" refId="ref87522" refString="Parker, G. H. 1926. The growth of turtles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 12: 422 - 424." type="journal article" year="1926">Parker (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1107CE22BF8A" box="[242,2175,2164,2213]" gridrow="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1107C71DBF8A" box="[242,320,2164,2213]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71107C5F7BF8A" box="[523,938,2164,2213]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0411F3C4B4BF8A" bold="true" box="[712,745,2176,2213]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91107C38BBF8A" box="[1141,1494,2164,2213]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">11.03</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521107CE22BE2F" box="[1694,2175,2164,2304]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96D11F4CE22BF8B" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[1697,2175,2183,2212]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96C11C7C1ABBFFE" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[1696,2038,2228,2257]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E11D1CE22BFFC" box="[242,2175,2210,2259]" gridrow="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E11D1C71DBFFC" box="[242,320,2210,2259]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC711D1C5F7BFFC" box="[523,938,2210,2259]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0411DFC4B4BFFE" bold="true" box="[712,745,2220,2257]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB911D1C38BBFFC" box="[1141,1494,2210,2259]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">8.21</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E11BCCE22BE2F" box="[242,2175,2255,2304]" gridrow="4" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E11BCC71DBE2F" box="[242,320,2255,2304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3811BCC756BE2F" bold="true" box="[244,267,2255,2304]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC711BCC5F7BE2F" box="[523,938,2255,2304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">6-7</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB911BCC38BBE2F" box="[1141,1494,2255,2304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">12.8-15.0</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E118ECE22BE01" box="[242,2175,2301,2350]" gridrow="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E118EC71DBE01" box="[242,320,2301,2350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF38118EC756BE01" bold="true" box="[244,267,2301,2350]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC7118EC5F7BE01" box="[523,938,2301,2350]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB9118EC38BBE01" box="[1141,1494,2301,2350]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">12.5</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF95211BCCE22BE01" box="[1694,2175,2255,2350]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96C1191C1FEBFD0" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1696,1955,2274,2303]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref68568" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1962 c. Growth measurements of young captive Atlantic sea turtles in temperate waters. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Contrib. Sei. No. 50, 8 pp." type="book" year="1962">Caldwell (1962c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9531063C1DDBE02" author="Uchida, I." box="[1695,1920,2320,2349]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF381058C1EABE73" box="[244,1975,2347,2396]" gridrow="6" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1058C71DBE73" box="[242,320,2347,2396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71058C5F7BE73" box="[523,938,2347,2396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0B1045C4B4BE74" bold="true" box="[711,745,2358,2395]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91058C38BBE73" box="[1141,1494,2347,2396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">17.68, 11.14</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521058CE22BE73" box="[1694,2175,2347,2396]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96C104DC1EABE74" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1696,1975,2366,2395]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="105 - 112" refId="ref80190" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1972. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. II. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 6: 105 - 112." type="journal article" year="1972">Kaufmann (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3F102BC135BEA6" box="[243,1896,2392,2441]" gridrow="7" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E102BC71DBEA6" box="[242,320,2392,2441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC7102BC5F7BEA6" box="[523,938,2392,2441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0B1017C4B5BEA6" bold="true" box="[711,744,2404,2441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB9102BC38BBEA6" box="[1141,1494,2392,2441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">18.29</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF952102BCE22BE98" box="[1694,2175,2392,2487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9531018C135BEA7" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1695,1896,2411,2440]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3F10F5CE60BE98" box="[243,2109,2438,2487]" gridrow="8" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E10F5C71DBE98" box="[242,320,2438,2487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC710F5C5F7BE98" box="[523,938,2438,2487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0B10E1C4B5BE98" bold="true" box="[711,744,2450,2487]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB910F5C38BBE98" box="[1141,1494,2438,2487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">13.64</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3F10C1C1C9BECB" box="[243,1940,2482,2532]" gridrow="9" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E10C1C71DBECB" box="[242,320,2482,2532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F10C1C74BBECC" bold="true" box="[243,278,2482,2531]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC710C1C5F7BECB" box="[523,938,2482,2532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">30 +</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB910C1C38BBECB" box="[1141,1494,2482,2532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">0.625-1.375</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF95210F5CE22BECB" box="[1694,2175,2438,2532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F95210EACE60BE99" author="Witham, R. & C. R. Futch" box="[1694,2109,2457,2486]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref96586" refString="Witham, R., and C. R. Futch. 1977. Early growth and oceanic survival of pen-reared sea turtles. Herpetologica 33: 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1977">Witham and Futch (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F96C10B4C1D8BECB" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1696,1925,2503,2532]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref82247" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1979. Notes on growth rates of wild turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 10: 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1979">Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA3FF88F84910CCC1C9BEFD" attach="none" box="[1925,1940,2495,2514]" fontSize="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1080CE22BD3F" box="[242,2175,2547,2576]" gridrow="10" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91080C38BBD3F" box="[1141,1494,2547,2576]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">0.0-0.26</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E136DCE22BD10" box="[242,2175,2590,2623]" gridrow="11" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E136DC71DBD10" box="[242,320,2590,2623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F137DC74BBD10" bold="true" box="[243,278,2574,2623]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC7136DC5F7BD10" box="[523,938,2590,2623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">10-15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB9136DC38BBD10" box="[1141,1494,2590,2623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">5.90 (1.8-10.1)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF952136DCE22BDB4" box="[1694,2175,2590,2715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9531351C1E9BD10" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1695,1972,2594,2623]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9521323C1AEBD42" author="Bjorndal, K. A. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1694,2035,2640,2669]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref66326" refString="Bjorndal, K. A., A. B. Meylan, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, I. Size, growth and reproductive biology. Biol. Conserv. 26: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjorndal et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1348CE22BD42" box="[242,2175,2619,2669]" gridrow="12" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1348C71DBD42" box="[242,320,2619,2669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71348C5F7BD42" box="[523,938,2619,2669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FD0A133BC4B5BD42" bold="true" box="[710,744,2632,2669]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91348C38BBD42" box="[1141,1494,2619,2669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">5.70</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1319CE22BDB4" box="[242,2175,2666,2715]" gridrow="13" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1319C71DBDB4" box="[242,320,2666,2715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F1319C757BDB4" bold="true" box="[243,266,2666,2715]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71319C5F7BDB4" box="[523,938,2666,2715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">16-20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91319C38BBDB4" box="[1141,1494,2666,2715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FB671304C296BDB3" bold="true" box="[1195,1227,2679,2716]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E13E4CE22BDE7" box="[242,2175,2711,2760]" gridrow="14" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E13E4C71DBDE7" box="[242,320,2711,2760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F13E4C748BDE7" bold="true" box="[243,277,2711,2760]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC713E4C5F7BDE7" box="[523,938,2711,2760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">12-30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB913E4C38BBDE7" box="[1141,1494,2711,2760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FB6713D0C291BDE7" bold="true" box="[1195,1228,2723,2760]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521319CE22BDE7" box="[1694,2175,2666,2760]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F952130ECE0ABDB5" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" box="[1694,2135,2685,2714]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F95313D8CE1FBDE7" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1695,2114,2731,2760]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E13B7CE22BDD9" box="[242,2175,2756,2806]" gridrow="15" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E13B7C71DBDD9" box="[242,320,2756,2806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F13B7C74BBDDA" bold="true" box="[243,278,2756,2805]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC713B7C5F7BDD9" box="[523,938,2756,2806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">>27</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB913B7C38BBDD9" box="[1141,1494,2756,2806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
0.2, 1.0
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA3FF88FAE913A3C368BDCC" attach="left" box="[1317,1333,2768,2787]" fontSize="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">b</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF95213B7CE22BDD9" box="[1694,2175,2756,2806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F95313AAC1D8BDD9" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1695,1925,2777,2806]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1270CE22BC0F" box="[242,2175,2819,2848]" gridrow="16" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1270C71DBC0F" box="[242,320,2819,2848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F1381C74BBC0C" bold="true" box="[243,278,2802,2851]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71270C5F7BC0F" box="[523,938,2819,2848]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">15-30</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91270C38BBC0F" box="[1141,1494,2819,2848]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FB671272C291BC09" bold="true" box="[1195,1228,2817,2854]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521270CE22BC0F" box="[1694,2175,2819,2848]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9531274C12FBC0B" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1695,1906,2823,2852]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA3004CFF3E1247CE22BC7E" box="[242,2175,2868,2897]" gridrow="17" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA3004CFF3E1247C71DBC7E" box="[242,320,2868,2897]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA3FF88FF3F1253C74BBC7E" bold="true" box="[243,278,2848,2897]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">w</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFDC71247C5F7BC7E" box="[523,938,2868,2897]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">13-15</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CFBB91247C38BBC7E" box="[1141,1494,2868,2897]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
2.1-19.8
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFA3FF88FAE31258C361BC11" attach="left" box="[1327,1340,2859,2878]" fontSize="5" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">C</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA3004CF9521247CE22BC7E" box="[1694,2175,2868,2897]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA3FF88F9531247C1F6BC7E" author="Zug, G. R." box="[1695,1963,2868,2897]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">Zug et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFA3FF88FF3F1204C2D8BCF0" pageId="59" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[242,2175,2002,2897]" targetPageId="59">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FF3F1204C249BCB5" blockId="59.[243,1157,2935,3046]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">¿ Range for subadults (first line) and adults (second line.)</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FF3F12E5C20EBCEE" blockId="59.[243,1157,2935,3046]" box="[243,1107,2966,3009]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">bMean for adults (first value) and immatures (second value).</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA3FF88FF3F12B0C2D8BCF0" blockId="59.[243,1157,2935,3046]" box="[243,1157,3011,3046]" pageId="59" pageNumber="53">cExcludes outliers and those with excessively high age estimates.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFEBE1B51C51CBE91" blockId="60.[324,1275,546,2494]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
Although not generally the object of mariculture, loggerheads have been successfully reared in captivity. However, they are susceptible to a wide variety of diseases and rearing difficulties, including pulmonary mycobacteriosis, constipation, asymptomatic hatchling death, papillar eruption, emaciation, erosive dermatosis, focal granulosus dermatosis, and white-sutured carapace (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFE361AFBC494B49F" author="Leong, J. K." box="[506,713,904,944]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref81775" refString="Leong, J. K. 1979. Hatchling diseases in Atlantic ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in Galveston Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service. Am. Zool. 19: 982 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1979">Leong 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Some of these diseases may be successfully treated using a combination of chemotherapeutics (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFDFD1A9CC502B338" author="Leong, J. K. & R. S. Wheeler & L. M. Lansford" box="[561,863,1007,1047]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref81820" refString="Leong, J. K., R. S. Wheeler, and L. M. Lansford. 1980. Tolerance and responses of normal and diseased loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) to some chemotheraputics. Pages 291 - 302 in J. W. Avault, Jr. (ed.), Proceeding of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the World Mariculture Society, Baton Rouge, LA." type="proceedings paper" year="1980">Leong et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For instance,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFBA61A9CC7EEB365" author="Witham, R." pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="226 - 228" refId="ref96539" refString="Witham, R. 1973. A bacterial disease of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles. Fla. Sei. 36: 226 - 228." type="journal article" year="1973">Witham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that fungal infections are successfully treated using a 5 % -10% solution of gentian violet. Bacterial disease may be a more serious problem. Necrotic spreading lesions, primarily due to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FFB831DC8C726B23B" class="Bacteroidia" family="Bacteroidaceae" genus="Bacteriodes" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Bacteroidales" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Bacteroidota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FFB831DC8C2ABB3CD" box="[1103,1270,1211,1250]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">Bacteriodes</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, seriously affected a small group of hatchling loggerheads reared at the House of Refuge in Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFE991C21C43CB257" author="Witham, R." box="[341,609,1362,1400]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="226 - 228" refId="ref96539" refString="Witham, R. 1973. A bacterial disease of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles. Fla. Sei. 36: 226 - 228." type="journal article" year="1973">Witham 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Other bacteria found included
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FFE8B1CF7C48DB285" authorityName="Migula" authorityYear="1900" baseAuthorityName="Schroeter" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[327,720,1412,1450]" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Pseudomonadaceae" genus="Pseudomonas" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Pseudomonadales" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="aeruginosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FFE8B1CF7C48DB285" box="[327,720,1412,1450]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FFC941CF7C2ACB285" box="[856,1265,1412,1450]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FFC941CF7C2B0B285" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1916" baseAuthorityName="Winslow & Winslow" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[856,1261,1412,1450]" class="Bacilli" family="Staphylococcaceae" genus="Staphylococcus" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Bacillales" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Firmicutes" rank="species" species="epidermis">Staphylococcus epidermis</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Although successfully treated with high dosages of a penicillin-streptomycin mixture,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFC011C94C2A9B121" author="Witham, R." box="[973,1268,1511,1550]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="226 - 228" refId="ref96539" refString="Witham, R. 1973. A bacterial disease of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles. Fla. Sei. 36: 226 - 228." type="journal article" year="1973">Witham (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
suggested chloramphenicol be used in future bacterial outbreaks.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFDC91F38C4A4B15D" author="Uchida, I." box="[517,761,1611,1650]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref95040" refString="Uchida, I. 1970. Illnesses of loggerhead turtle. Himeji City Aquarium 2 (3): 1 - 8 (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1970">Uchida (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reviewed disease problems of loggerheads raised at the Himeji City Aquarium.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFE8B1FC3C418B1F8" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[327,581,1712,1751]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref71827" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1987. Marine turtle mortality in the vicinity of Port Canaveral, Florida, 1977 - 84. Pages 1 - 20 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted a " diseased turtle syndrome " in loggerheads stranded in the spring of 1980, 1981, and 1982 in the Port Canaveral, FL, area. Symptoms included a profusion of small barnacles on the head, neck, shoulders, and front flippers, a massively depressed and concave plastron, eyes sunken in their sockets, and rotting, peeling skin. Diagnosis of disease problems prior to overt symptoms has been aided by the development of radiologic techniques (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFE9F1119C56FBFBF" author="McLellan, G. L. & J. K. Leong" box="[339,818,2154,2192]" journalOrPublisher="Fish. Bull." pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="965 - 968" part="78" refId="ref84771" refString="McLellan, G. L., and J. K. Leong. 1981. A radiologic method for examination of the gastrointestinal tract in the Atlantic ridley, Lepidochelys kempii, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, marine turtles. Fish. Bull. 78: 965 - 968." title="A radiologic method for examination of the gastrointestinal tract in the Atlantic ridley, Lepidochelys kempii, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, marine turtles" type="journal article" year="1981">McLellan and Leong 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For instance, excretory urography using sodium diatrizoate has been attempted to detect kidney disease; while absorption occurred through injection in the neck without apparent tissue damage, no opacification of the kidneys was seen on serial films made up to 2.5 h after injection (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFE9E10E5C56DBE91" author="McLellan, G. L. & J. K. Leong" bookContentInfo="NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 93" box="[338,816,2454,2494]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref84823" refString="McLellan, G. L., and J. K. Leong. 1982. Radiologic evaluation of the differential absorption of diatrizoate in marine turtles. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 93." title="Radiologic evaluation of the differential absorption of diatrizoate in marine turtles" type="book" year="1982">McLellan and Leong 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFE3C135DC56EBD7A" blockId="60.[496,819,2606,2645]" box="[496,819,2606,2645]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA4FF8FFE3C135DC56EBD7A" box="[496,819,2606,2645]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">3.3. 3 Competitors</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFEA013E1C401BCCE" blockId="60.[321,1263,2706,3041]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">The loggerhead seems to be an opportunistic carnivore (section 3.4), foraging in a wide variety of coastal and, in the case of hatchlings and juveniles, epipelagic habitats. There are no known vertebrate competitors. Loggerheads often use nesting beaches frequented by other marine turtles, but nest site competition is not known to occur.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFA061821C083B659" blockId="60.[1482,1758,338,374]" box="[1482,1758,338,374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA4FF8FFA061821C083B659" box="[1482,1758,338,374]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">3.3. 4 Predators</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFA8B18C0C0E1B127" blockId="60.[1309,2254,435,1544]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
Predation on loggerheads is largely unquantified, although juvenile and subadult stages would seem particularly vulnerable, especially to shark attacks. Adult loggerheads are frequently seen missing flippers or portions of the rear of the carapace. The most commonly mentioned shark is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FF95C1BC2C1F0B5F6" box="[1680,1965,689,729]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FF95C1BC2C1F8B5F6" baseAuthorityName="Peron & Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1680,1957,689,729]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvieri">Galeocerdo cuvieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
a large coastal predator occurring worldwide (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA4FF8FF8EB1B97C1E3B420" box="[1831,1982,740,783]" captionStart="Table 21" captionStartId="55.[264,363,328,379]" captionTargetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" captionText="Table 21. Nonhuman predators ofloggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687">Table 21</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FF8131B97CE96B420" author="Rudloe, J." box="[2015,2251,740,783]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that a sea turtle could defend itself from attack by fleeing to the surface and beating its flippers making a thunderous slapping noise that seems to deter a shark. Carr
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FFA3B1AC1C07DB4F3" box="[1527,1568,946,988]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">{in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FF9FC1AC1C156B4F3" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1584,1803,946,988]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported that turtles can block shark attacks by folding the flippers under the plastron, bending their head down, and presenting the carapace as a shield. In captivity, adult loggerheads may occasionally attack sharks;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FF9271D0CC181B386" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1771,2012,1151,1193]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that his captive loggerhead attacked a lemon shark in his tank, ripping out the shark's gills. Other than sharks, only dogs have been reported to attack and kill adult nesting females (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFA761C3AC0E5B25C" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1466,1720,1353,1395]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="319 - 348" refId="ref68376" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1959. The loggerhead turtles of Cape Romain, South Carolina, (abridged and annotated manuscript of W. P. Baldwin, Jr. andJ. P. Loftin, Jr.). Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sei. 4: 319 - 348." type="journal article" year="1959">Caldwell 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). A peculiar form of predation occurs on adult nesting females; that is, predation on loggerhead blood by the mosquito
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FF8411CDEC0ECB127" authority="(Day and Curtis 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Day and Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taeniorhynchus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FF8411CDECE93B2F9" box="[1933,2254,1453,1494]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">Aedes taeniorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FFAE11C92C0F6B127" author="Day, J. F. & A. Curtis" box="[1325,1707,1505,1544]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="359 - 360" refId="ref70735" refString="Day, J. F., andG. A. Curtis. 1983. Opportunistic blood-feeding on egg-laying sea turtles by salt marsh mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae). Fla. Entomol. 66: 359 - 360." type="journal article" year="1983">Day and Curtis 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFA011F05CE5BB1B3" blockId="60.[1485,2054,1654,1692]" box="[1485,2054,1654,1692]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFA4FF8FFA011F05CE5BB1B3" box="[1485,2054,1654,1692]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">3.3.5 Parasites and commensals</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FF8FFA851FA9C137BD9B" blockId="60.[1311,2257,1754,2740]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">
|
||
|
|
Published information concerning species of parasites, diseases, and commensals of the loggerhead is summarized in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA4FF8FFA131E4DC02CB04A" box="[1503,1649,1854,1893]" captionStart="Table 27" captionStartId="61.[264,361,364,402]" captionTargetBox="[261,2193,451,3053]" captionText="Table 27. Commensals and parasites 0/ Caretta caretta." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF">Table 27</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
. As can be seen in this table,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FF7AA1E4DCE90B04A" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[2150,2253,1854,1893]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FF7AA1E4DCE90B04A" box="[2150,2253,1854,1893]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is parasitized by a wide variety of cestodes, nematodes, and, especially, trematodes. A surprising amount of data has been recorded from loggerheads off the Egyptian coast, especially since so little is known of loggerheads in this area (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FF9DF1142C1E7BF76" author="Frazier, J. & S. Salas" box="[1555,1978,2097,2137]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" pagination="41 - 67" refId="ref74268" refString="Frazier, J., and S. Salas. 1984. The status of marine turtles in the Egyptian Red Sea. Biol. Conserv. 30: 41 - 67." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier and Salas 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). A substantial amount of information also is known from Australian loggerheads. However, much of the data from other locations is based on small sample sizes, often of animals stranded far from known nesting and foraging grounds. Loggerheads are also heavily parasitized by the leech
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA4FF8FFAED102FC016BEAA" baseAuthorityName="Apáthy" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1313,1611,2396,2437]" class="Clitellata" family="Ozobranchidae" genus="Ozobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margoi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA4FF8FFAED102FC016BEAA" box="[1313,1611,2396,2437]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">Ozobranchus margoi</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFA4FF8FF9AD102FC0A6BEAA" box="[1633,1787,2396,2437]" captionStart="Table 27" captionStartId="61.[264,361,364,402]" captionTargetBox="[261,2193,451,3053]" captionText="Table 27. Commensals and parasites 0/ Caretta caretta." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF">Table 27</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The chief commensals are stalked and encrusting barnacles, and various types of algae, bryozoans, and tunicates. Sucker fish (remoras) are rarely reported but undoubtedly are frequently associated with adult loggerheads. Heavy infestations of encrusting barnacles are associated with diseased turtles in Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA4FF8FF9A613FEC104BD9B" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[1642,1881,2701,2740]" pageId="60" pageNumber="54" refId="ref71827" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1987. Marine turtle mortality in the vicinity of Port Canaveral, Florida, 1977 - 84. Pages 1 - 20 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA4FFF1FA84139CC2ECBFC3" blockId="60.[1310,2250,2799,3039]" lastBlockId="66.[283,1228,2096,2284]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="60" pageNumber="54">There are no literature records on the methods loggerheads might use to deal with parasites or commensals. Wedging into crevices undoubtedly scrapes some barnacles off the shell; whether this is intentional is unknown. N. Rouse (personal communication) reports that loggerheads off Palm Beach, FL, regularly use cleaning stations allowing small fish to eat epidermal parasites. The turtles fully extend their head and flippers to allow access to the axial and inguinal appendicular areas.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" box="[264,1190,364,402]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" startId="61.[264,361,364,402]" targetBox="[261,2193,451,3053]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="61">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA5FF8EFEC4181FC2FBB6BF" blockId="61.[264,1190,364,402]" box="[264,1190,364,402]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
Table 27.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFE06181FC5D6B6BD" box="[458,907,364,402]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Commensals and parasites of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFC5A181FC2C1B6BF" box="[918,1180,364,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA5FF8EFEC418B0C152BCC2" blockId="61.[262,2196,451,505]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA5004CFEC918B0CECCBCC2" box="[261,2193,451,3053]" colsContinueIn="62.[294,2024,425,3034]" gridcols="3" gridrows="54" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC918B0CECCB6C9" box="[261,2193,451,486]" gridrow="0" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC918B0C4F9B6C9" box="[261,676,451,486]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFC5818B0C2D4B6C9" box="[916,1161,451,486]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFAA218B0CECCB6C9" box="[1390,2193,451,486]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91B6BCECCB517" box="[261,2193,536,568]" gridrow="1" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91B6BCECCB517" box="[261,2193,536,568]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEC41B6BC7CAB517" bold="true" box="[264,407,536,568]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Protozoa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91B4CCECCB549" box="[261,2193,575,614]" gridrow="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91B4CC4F9B549" box="[261,676,575,614]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Bertariella carinii</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581B4CC2D4B549" box="[916,1161,575,614]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Brazil</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21B4CCECCB549" box="[1390,2193,575,614]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41B4CC004B54C" author="Cerruti, C. G." box="[1400,1625,575,611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="321 - 325" refId="ref69413" refString="Cerruti, C. G. 1931. Su di una Grahamella parassita di Talassochelys caretta {Grahamella talassochelys u. sp.). Arch. Ital. Sei. Med. Colon 12: 321 - 325." type="journal article" year="1931">Cerruti (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9BB1B4CCE68B54C" author="Correia de Meyrelles, C." box="[1655,2101,575,611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="49 - 53" refId="ref70166" refString="Correia de Meyrelles, C. 1938. Parasites of the genus Bertarellia in the blood of the tortoises of India and Brazil. Proc. Indian Acad. Sei. 7 B: 49 - 53." type="journal article" year="1938">Correia de Meyrelles (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91B1DCECCB5BC" box="[261,2193,622,659]" gridrow="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91B1DC4F9B5BC" box="[261,676,622,659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE01B00C41FB5BC" authority="Captive" box="[300,578,627,659]" class="Lobosa" family="Entamoebidae" genus="Entamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Amoebida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="invadens">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE01B00C41FB5BC" box="[300,578,627,659]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Entamoeba invadens</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581B1DC2D4B5BC" box="[916,1161,622,659]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Captive</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21B1DCECCB5BC" box="[1390,2193,622,659]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB51B1DC0FEB5BE" author="Frank, W. & W. Sachsse & K. H. Winkelstrater" box="[1401,1699,622,657]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="120 - 126" refId="ref73323" refString="Frank, W., W. Sachsse, and K. H. Winkelstrater. 1976. Aussergewohnliche Todesfalle durch Amobiasis bei einer Bruckenechse (Sphenodon punetatus), bei jungen Suppenschildkroten (Chelonia mydas) und bei einer Unechten Karettschildkroten (Caretta caretta). II. Amobiasis bei Chelonia mydas und Caretta caretta. Salamandra 12: 120 - 126." type="journal article" year="1976">Frank et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91BBCCECCB5DD" box="[261,2193,719,754]" gridrow="4" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91BBCCECCB5DD" box="[261,2193,719,754]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFECB1BBCC44CB5DD" bold="true" box="[263,529,719,754]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Platyhelminthes</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91A75CECCB407" box="[261,2193,774,808]" gridrow="5" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91A75CECCB407" box="[261,2193,774,808]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFECA1A75C7DAB407" box="[262,391,774,808]" class="Cestoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFECA1A75C7DAB407" bold="true" box="[262,391,774,808]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Cestoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91A5DCECCB479" box="[261,2193,814,854]" gridrow="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91A5DC4F9B479" box="[261,676,814,854]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE51A40C4F9B479" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[297,676,819,854]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Ancistwcephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE51A40C4F9B479" box="[297,676,819,854]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Ancistwcephalus imbricatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581A5DC2D4B479" box="[916,1161,814,854]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21A5DCECCB479" box="[1390,2193,814,854]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41A5DC14FB47D" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1400,1810,814,850]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF8FD1A5DC1AAB47D" author="Looss, A." box="[1841,2039,814,850]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91A2ECECCB4AB" box="[261,2193,861,900]" gridrow="7" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91A2EC4F9B4AB" box="[261,676,861,900]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE31A11C4D9B4AB" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[303,644,866,900]" class="Cestoda" family="Tentaculariidae" genus="Tentacularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="coryphaenae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE31A11C4D9B4AB" box="[303,644,866,900]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Tentacularia coryphaenae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581A2EC2D4B4AB" box="[916,1161,861,900]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21A2ECECCB4AB" box="[1390,2193,861,900]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41A2EC14FB4AF" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1400,1810,861,896]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91AFFCECCB499" box="[261,2193,908,950]" gridrow="8" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91AFFC4F9B499" box="[261,676,908,950]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE31AE3C44BB49C" box="[303,534,912,947]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Trypanorhynchan</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581AFFC2D4B499" box="[916,1161,908,950]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21AFFCECCB499" box="[1390,2193,908,950]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41AFFC040B49D" author="Sey, O." box="[1400,1565,908,946]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91ACCCECCB4CE" box="[261,2193,959,993]" gridrow="9" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91ACCCECCB4CE" box="[261,2193,959,993]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEC91ACCC7F1B4CE" bold="true" box="[261,428,959,993]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Nematoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91A9BCECCB33D" box="[261,2193,1000,1042]" gridrow="10" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91A9BC4F9B315" box="[261,676,1000,1082]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE11A9EC46FB322" authorityName="Baylis" authorityYear="1923" box="[301,562,1005,1037]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cucullanidae" genus="Cucullanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="carettae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE11A9EC46FB322" box="[301,562,1005,1037]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Cucullanus carettae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581A9BC2D4B33D" box="[916,1161,1000,1042]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21A9BCECCB33D" box="[1390,2193,1000,1042]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1A9BC01EB324" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1399,1603,1000,1035]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref65729" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1923. Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae. Part III. Camallanidae, etc. with a note on Probstmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15: 1 - 13, 14 - 23, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1923">Baylis (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9AD1A9BC193B324" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1633,1998,1000,1035]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91D65CECCB315" box="[261,2193,1046,1082]" gridrow="11" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581D65C2D4B315" box="[916,1161,1046,1082]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21D65CECCB315" box="[1390,2193,1046,1082]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41D65C0FBB316" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1400,1702,1046,1081]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91D36CECCB344" box="[261,2193,1093,1131]" gridrow="12" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91D36C4F9B344" box="[261,676,1093,1131]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE61D3AC46DB344" box="[298,560,1097,1131]" class="Chromadorea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Echinocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61D3AC7A4B344" box="[298,505,1097,1131]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Echinocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581D36C2D4B344" box="[916,1161,1093,1131]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21D36CECCB344" box="[1390,2193,1093,1131]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41D36C0FBB348" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1400,1702,1093,1127]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91D02CECCB3B2" box="[261,2193,1137,1181]" gridrow="13" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91D02C4F9B3EA" box="[261,676,1137,1221]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE61D04C446B3B6" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[298,539,1143,1177]" class="Chromadorea" family="Kathlaniidae" genus="Kathlania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="leptura">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61D04C446B3B6" box="[298,539,1143,1177]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Kathlania leptura</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581D02C2D4B3B2" box="[916,1161,1137,1181]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21D02CECCB3B2" box="[1390,2193,1137,1181]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1D02C01EB3B9" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1399,1603,1137,1174]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref65729" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1923. Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae. Part III. Camallanidae, etc. with a note on Probstmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15: 1 - 13, 14 - 23, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1923">Baylis (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9AD1D02C15BB3B9" author="Sey, O." box="[1633,1798,1137,1174]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF8E91D02CECCB3B9" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1829,2193,1137,1174]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91DD1CECCB3EA" box="[261,2193,1186,1221]" gridrow="14" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581DD1C2D4B3EA" box="[916,1161,1186,1221]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21DD1CECCB3EA" box="[1390,2193,1186,1221]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41DD1C0FBB3EB" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1400,1702,1186,1220]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91DA3CECCB3DD" box="[261,2193,1232,1266]" gridrow="15" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91DA3C4F9B252" box="[261,676,1232,1405]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61DA7C476B3D9" box="[298,555,1236,1270]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Sulcascapis sulcata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581DA3C2D4B3DD" box="[916,1161,1232,1266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">General</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21DA3CECCB3DD" box="[1390,2193,1232,1266]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB41DA3C0B2B3DD" author="Lichtenfels, J. R. & T. K. Sawyer & C. Miller" box="[1400,1775,1232,1266]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="448 - 451" refId="ref82050" refString="Lichtenfels, J. R., T. K. Sawyer, andG. C. Miller. 1980. New hosts for larval Sulcascaris sp. (Nematoda, Anisakidae) and prevalence in the calico scallop (Argopecten gibbus). Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 99 (4): 448 - 451." type="journal article" year="1980">Lichtenfels et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91D8FCECCB208" box="[261,2193,1276,1319]" gridrow="16" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581D8FC2D4B208" box="[916,1161,1276,1319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21D8FCECCB208" box="[1390,2193,1276,1319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1D8FC01EB20F" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1399,1603,1276,1312]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref65729" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1923. Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae. Part III. Camallanidae, etc. with a note on Probstmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15: 1 - 13, 14 - 23, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1923">Baylis (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9AD1D8FC15BB20F" author="Sey, O." box="[1633,1798,1276,1312]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF8E81D8FCECDB20F" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1828,2192,1276,1312]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91C5FCECCB260" box="[261,2193,1324,1359]" gridrow="17" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581C5FC2D4B260" box="[916,1161,1324,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Mediterranean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21C5FCECCB260" box="[1390,2193,1324,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1C5FC011B260" author="Sprent, J. F. A." box="[1399,1612,1324,1359]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="379 - 387" refId="ref93385" refString="Sprent, J. F. A. 1977. Ascaridoid nematodes of amphibians and reptiles: Sulcascaris. J. Helminthol. 51: 379 - 387." type="journal article" year="1977">Sprent (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91C2BCECCB252" box="[261,2193,1368,1405]" gridrow="18" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581C2BC2D4B252" box="[916,1161,1368,1405]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21C2BCECCB252" box="[1390,2193,1368,1405]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1C2BC0FBB253" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1399,1702,1368,1404]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF90F1C2BCE00B253" author="Berry, G. N. & L. R. G. Cannon" box="[1731,2141,1368,1404]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="43 - 54" refId="ref66123" refString="Berry, G. N., and L. R. G. Cannon. 1981. Life history of Sukascaris sulcata (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea), a parasite of marine molluscs and turtles. Int. J. Parasitol. 11: 43 - 54." type="journal article" year="1981">Berry and Cannon (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91CF5CECCB29F" box="[261,2193,1414,1456]" gridrow="19" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91CF5C4F9B29F" box="[261,676,1414,1456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE21CF9C472B283" box="[302,559,1418,1452]" class="Chromadorea" family="Kathlaniidae" genus="Tonaudia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="lonaudia">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE21CF9C472B283" box="[302,559,1418,1452]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Tonaudia lonaudia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581CF5C2D4B29F" box="[916,1161,1414,1456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21CF5CECCB29F" box="[1390,2193,1414,1456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1CF5C01FB285" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1399,1602,1414,1450]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref65729" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1923. Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae. Part III. Camallanidae, etc. with a note on Probstmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15: 1 - 13, 14 - 23, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1923">Baylis (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9AD1CF5C190B285" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1633,1997,1414,1450]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91CCBCECCB2F5" box="[261,2193,1464,1498]" gridrow="20" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91CCBCECCB2F5" box="[261,2193,1464,1498]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEC91CCBC7E4B2F5" bold="true" box="[261,441,1464,1498]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Trematoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91C91CECCB2CD" box="[261,2193,1506,1506]" gridrow="21" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91C91C4F9B11C" box="[261,676,1506,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">General review</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21C91CECCB11C" box="[1390,2193,1506,1587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABB1C91C0E0B12A" author="Hughes, R. C. & J. W. Higginbotham & W. Clary" box="[1399,1725,1506,1541]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="35 - 43" refId="ref78968" refString="Hughes, R. C., J. W. Higginbotham, andJ. W. Clary. 1941. The trematodes of reptiles. Part II. Host catalogue. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sei. 1940: 35 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1941">Hughes et al. (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9161C91C1BEB12A" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[1754,2019,1506,1541]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="414 - 558" refId="ref96902" refString="Yamaguti, S. 1958. Systema helminthum. Vol. 1, Part 3, Digenea of reptiles. Interscience Publ., New York, pp. 414 - 558." type="book chapter" year="1958">Yamaguti (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Ernst
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFA571F62C0FBB11C" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1435,1702,1553,1587]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91F4DCECCB14F" box="[261,2193,1598,1632]" gridrow="22" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91F4DC4F9B1BA" box="[261,676,1598,1685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEB1F32C46EB14B" box="[295,563,1601,1636]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Adenogaster serialis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581F4DC2D4B14F" box="[916,1161,1598,1632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21F4DCECCB14F" box="[1390,2193,1598,1632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABA1F4DC14DB14F" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1398,1808,1598,1632]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91F1FCECCB1BA" box="[261,2193,1644,1685]" gridrow="23" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581F1FC2D4B1BA" box="[916,1161,1644,1685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21F1FCECCB1BA" box="[1390,2193,1644,1685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABA1F1FC070B1A0" author="Looss, A." box="[1398,1581,1644,1679]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF99D1F1FC0C1B1A0" author="Looss, A." box="[1617,1692,1644,1679]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9731F1FC138B1A0" author="Sey, O." box="[1727,1893,1644,1679]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91FE8CECCB191" box="[261,2193,1691,1726]" gridrow="24" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91FE8C4F9B191" box="[261,676,1691,1726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Bicornuata caretta</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581FE8C2D4B191" box="[916,1161,1691,1726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21FE8CECCB191" box="[1390,2193,1691,1726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91FE8C014B192" author="Pearse, A. S." box="[1397,1609,1691,1725]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref87861" refString="Pearse, A. S. 1949. Observations on flatworms and nemerteans collected at Beaufort, N. C. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 100: 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1949">Pearse (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91FBACECCB1C1" box="[261,2193,1737,1774]" gridrow="25" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91FBAC4F9B031" box="[261,676,1737,1822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE61FB8C453B1C2" authorityName="Looss" authorityYear="1901" baseAuthorityName="Braun" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[298,526,1739,1773]" class="Trematoda" family="Calycodidae" genus="Calycodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="anthos">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61FB8C453B1C2" box="[298,526,1739,1773]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Calycodes anthos</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581FBAC2D4B1C1" box="[916,1161,1737,1774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Japan</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21FBACECCB1C1" box="[1390,2193,1737,1774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91FBAC018B1C5" author="Braun, M." box="[1397,1605,1737,1770]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="627 - 632" refId="ref66922" refString="Braun, M. 1899. Weitere Mitteilungen uber endoparasitische Tremetoden der Chelonier. Cbtl. Bakt. 26: 627 - 632." type="journal article" year="1899">Braun (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91F86CECCB031" box="[261,2193,1781,1822]" gridrow="26" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581F86C2D4B031" box="[916,1161,1781,1822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21F86CECCB031" box="[1390,2193,1781,1822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABA1F86C070B037" author="Looss, A." box="[1398,1581,1781,1816]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF99D1F86C0C1B037" author="Looss, A." box="[1617,1692,1781,1816]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9731F86C139B037" author="Sey, O." box="[1727,1892,1781,1816]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91E50CECCB06A" box="[261,2193,1827,1861]" gridrow="27" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91E50C4F9B05D" box="[261,676,1827,1906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61E56C442B068" box="[298,543,1829,1863]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Carettacola bipora</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581E50C2D4B06A" box="[916,1161,1827,1861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21E50CECCB06A" box="[1390,2193,1827,1861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91E50C14DB06A" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1397,1808,1827,1861]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91E23CECCB05D" box="[261,2193,1872,1906]" gridrow="28" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581E23C2D4B05D" box="[916,1161,1872,1906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21E23CECCB05D" box="[1390,2193,1872,1906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91E23C143B05D" author="Manter. H. W .. & M. I. Larson" box="[1397,1822,1872,1906]" journalOrPublisher="J. Parasitol." pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="595 - 599" part="36" refId="ref83940" refString="Manter. H. W .. and M. I. Larson. 1950. Two new blood flukes from a marine turtle, Caretta caretta. J. Parasitol. 36: 595 - 599." title="Two new blood flukes from a marine turtle, Caretta caretta." type="journal article" year="1950">Manter and Larson (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91E0DCECCB08F" box="[261,2193,1918,1952]" gridrow="29" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91E0DC4F9B0FA" box="[261,676,1918,2005]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61EF3C469B08C" box="[298,564,1920,1955]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Cricocephalus albus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581E0DC2D4B08F" box="[916,1161,1918,1952]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21E0DCECCB08F" box="[1390,2193,1918,1952]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91E0DC14DB08F" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1397,1808,1918,1952]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91EDFCECCB0FA" box="[261,2193,1964,2005]" gridrow="30" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581EDFC2D4B0FA" box="[916,1161,1964,2005]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21EDFCECCB0FA" box="[1390,2193,1964,2005]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91EDFC071B0E1" author="Looss, A." box="[1397,1580,1964,1998]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF99C1EDFC0CEB0E1" author="Looss, A." box="[1616,1683,1964,1998]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91EAACECCB0D4" box="[261,2193,2009,2043]" gridrow="31" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91EAAC4F9B0D4" box="[261,676,2009,2043]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEE61EA8C7B3B0D4" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1780" box="[298,494,2011,2043]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE61EA8C7B3B0D4" box="[298,494,2011,2043]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">C. americanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581EAAC2D4B0D4" box="[916,1161,2009,2043]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21EAACECCB0D4" box="[1390,2193,2009,2043]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91EAAC010B0D4" author="Linton, E." box="[1397,1613,2009,2043]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="11 - 98" refId="ref82898" refString="Linton, E. 1910. Helminth fauna of the Dry Tortugas, 11: Trematodes. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 133, Papers Tortugas Lab. 4: 11 - 98." type="journal article" year="1910">Linton (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91174CECCBF06" box="[261,2193,2055,2089]" gridrow="32" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91174C4F9BF06" box="[261,676,2055,2089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">C. delitescens</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581174C2D4BF06" box="[916,1161,2055,2089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21174CECCBF06" box="[1390,2193,2055,2089]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91174C152BF06" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1397,1807,2055,2089]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91146CECCBF79" box="[261,2193,2101,2134]" gridrow="33" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91146C4F9BE21" box="[261,676,2101,2318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="5" rowspanBelow="4">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEE51145C43FBF77" box="[297,610,2102,2136]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Cymatocarpus soleans*</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581146C2D4BF79" box="[916,1161,2101,2134]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21146CECCBF79" box="[1390,2193,2101,2134]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91146C01EBF79" author="Braun, M." box="[1397,1603,2101,2134]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref66946" refString="Braun, M. 1901. Trematoden der Chelonier. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 2: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1901">Braun (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91111CECCBFA5" box="[261,2193,2146,2186]" gridrow="34" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581111C2D4BFA5" box="[916,1161,2146,2186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21111CECCBFA5" box="[1390,2193,2146,2186]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB91111C066BFAB" author="Looss, A." box="[1397,1595,2146,2180]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="521 - 784" refId="ref83070" refString="Looss, A. 1899. Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Trematoden-Fauna Aegyptens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 12: 521 - 784." type="journal article" year="1899">Looss (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC911FCCECCBF9D" box="[261,2193,2191,2226]" gridrow="35" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5811FCC2D4BF9D" box="[916,1161,2191,2226]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA211FCCECCBF9D" box="[1390,2193,2191,2226]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB811FCC152BF9D" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1807,2191,2226]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC911CECECCBFCF" box="[261,2193,2237,2272]" gridrow="36" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5811CEC2D4BFCF" box="[916,1161,2237,2272]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA211CECECCBFCF" box="[1390,2193,2237,2272]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB911CEC011BFCF" author="Linton, E." box="[1397,1612,2237,2272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="11 - 98" refId="ref82898" refString="Linton, E. 1910. Helminth fauna of the Dry Tortugas, 11: Trematodes. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 133, Papers Tortugas Lab. 4: 11 - 98." type="journal article" year="1910">Linton (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9A611CEC17ABFCF" author="Pratt, H. S." box="[1642,1831,2237,2272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 427" refId="ref88483" refString="Pratt, H. S. 1913. Trematodes of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the Gulf of Mexico. Arch. Parasitol. 16: 411 - 427." type="journal article" year="1913">Pratt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF88911CECE65BFCF" author="Luhman, M." box="[1861,2104,2237,2272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC9119FCECCBE21" box="[261,2193,2284,2318]" gridrow="37" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC58119FC2D4BE21" box="[916,1161,2284,2318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA2119FCECCBE21" box="[1390,2193,2284,2318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB8119FC0A1BE21" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1396,1788,2284,2318]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91069CECCBE12" box="[261,2193,2330,2365]" gridrow="38" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91069C4F9BE12" box="[261,676,2330,2365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Desmogonius loossi</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581069C2D4BE12" box="[916,1161,2330,2365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21069CECCBE12" box="[1390,2193,2330,2365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF1069C0BEBE12" author="Chattopadhyaya, D. R." box="[1395,1763,2330,2365]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69453" refString="Chattopadhyaya, D. R. 1972. Studies on the trematode parasites of reptiles found in India. Contribution to our knowledge of the family Angiodictyidae Looss, 1901. Riv. Parassitol. 33: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1972">Chattopadhyaya (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC9103BCECCBE45" box="[261,2193,2376,2410]" gridrow="39" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC9103BC4F9BEB6" box="[261,676,2376,2457]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA103AC42ABE44" box="[294,631,2377,2411]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Diaschistorchis ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC58103BC2D4BE45" box="[916,1161,2376,2410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA2103BCECCBE45" box="[1390,2193,2376,2410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB8103BC153BE45" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1806,2376,2410]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91005CECCBEB6" box="[261,2193,2422,2457]" gridrow="40" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581005C2D4BEB6" box="[916,1161,2422,2457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Gulf of Mexico</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21005CECCBEB6" box="[1390,2193,2422,2457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF1005C072BEB6" author="Pratt, H. S." box="[1395,1583,2422,2457]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 427" refId="ref88483" refString="Pratt, H. S. 1913. Trematodes of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the Gulf of Mexico. Arch. Parasitol. 16: 411 - 427." type="journal article" year="1913">Pratt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC910D7CECCBEE8" box="[261,2193,2468,2503]" gridrow="41" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC910D7C4F9BD06" box="[261,676,2468,2601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA10D6C7E7BEE7" box="[294,442,2469,2504]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">D. pandus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5810D7C2D4BEE8" box="[916,1161,2468,2503]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA210D7CECCBEE8" box="[1390,2193,2468,2503]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB810D7C150BEE8" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1805,2468,2503]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC910A1CECCBED9" box="[261,2193,2514,2550]" gridrow="42" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5810A1C2D4BED9" box="[916,1161,2514,2550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Italy</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA210A1CECCBED9" box="[1390,2193,2514,2550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
Johnston (1913
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EF9BF10A1C0D7BEDB" box="[1651,1674,2514,2548]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF95710A1C1D6BEDB" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[1691,1931,2514,2548]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="414 - 558" refId="ref96902" refString="Yamaguti, S. 1958. Systema helminthum. Vol. 1, Part 3, Digenea of reptiles. Interscience Publ., New York, pp. 414 - 558." type="book chapter" year="1958">Yamaguti 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91373CECCBD06" box="[261,2193,2560,2601]" gridrow="43" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581373C2D4BD06" box="[916,1161,2560,2601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21373CECCBD06" box="[1390,2193,2560,2601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB81373C045BD0B" author="Sey, O." box="[1396,1560,2560,2596]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC9135ECECCBD7F" box="[261,2193,2605,2640]" gridrow="44" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC9135EC4F9BD7F" box="[261,676,2605,2640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA135DC41CBD7F" box="[294,577,2606,2640]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Distoma pachyderma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC58135EC2D4BD7F" box="[916,1161,2605,2640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA2135ECECCBD7F" box="[1390,2193,2605,2640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF135EC150BD60" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1395,1805,2605,2639]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91328CECCBD52" box="[261,2193,2651,2685]" gridrow="45" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91328C4F9BD52" box="[261,676,2651,2685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA132FC782BD53" box="[294,479,2652,2684]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">D. testudinus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581328C2D4BD52" box="[916,1161,2651,2685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21328CECCBD52" box="[1390,2193,2651,2685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF1328C150BD52" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1395,1805,2651,2685]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC913FBCECCBD84" box="[261,2193,2696,2731]" gridrow="46" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC913FBC4F9BD84" box="[261,676,2696,2731]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA5FF8EFEEA13FAC416BD84" authorityName="Blair" authorityYear="1984" box="[294,587,2697,2731]" class="Trematoda" family="Hemiuridae" genus="Elytrophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="carettae">Elytrophallus carettae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5813FBC2D4BD84" box="[916,1161,2696,2731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA213FBCECCBD84" box="[1390,2193,2696,2731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF13FBC071BD85" author="Blair, D." box="[1395,1580,2696,2730]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="135 - 139" refId="ref66374" refString="Blair, D. 1984. Elytrophallus carettae sp. n. (Digena: Hemiuridae) from the stomach ofloggerhead turtles {Caretta caretta (L )) from Australia. Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 51: 135 - 139." type="journal article" year="1984">Blair (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC913C5CECCBDF7" box="[261,2193,2742,2776]" gridrow="47" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC913C5C4F9BDF7" box="[261,676,2742,2776]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Endodiotrema carettae</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5813C5C2D4BDF7" box="[916,1161,2742,2776]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA213C5CECCBDF7" box="[1390,2193,2742,2776]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFABF13C5C0A6BDF7" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1395,1787,2742,2776]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91390CECCBC29" box="[261,2193,2787,2822]" gridrow="48" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91390C4F9BC29" box="[261,676,2787,2822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA1397C439BC2B" box="[294,612,2788,2820]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Enodiotrema acanaeum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581390C2D4BC29" box="[916,1161,2787,2822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21390CECCBC29" box="[1390,2193,2787,2822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB81390C150BC29" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1805,2787,2822]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91261CECCBC1B" box="[261,2193,2834,2868]" gridrow="49" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC91261C4F9BC45" box="[261,676,2834,2922]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA1261C7F8BC1B" box="[294,421,2834,2868]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">E. instar</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581261C2D4BC1B" box="[916,1161,2834,2868]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21261CECCBC1B" box="[1390,2193,2834,2868]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB81261C150BC1B" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1805,2834,2868]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC91233CECCBC45" box="[261,2193,2880,2922]" gridrow="50" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC581233C2D4BC45" box="[916,1161,2880,2922]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA21233CECCBC45" box="[1390,2193,2880,2922]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB81233C077BC4D" author="Looss, A." box="[1396,1578,2880,2914]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF9831233C0CCBC4D" author="Looss, A." box="[1615,1681,2880,2914]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC9121DCECCBCBF" box="[261,2193,2926,2960]" gridrow="51" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA5004CFEC9121DC4F9BCC2" box="[261,676,2926,3053]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA5FF8EFEEA121CC44FBCBE" box="[294,530,2927,2961]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">E. megachondrus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC58121DC2D4BCBF" box="[916,1161,2926,2960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA2121DCECCBCBF" box="[1390,2193,2926,2960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB8121DC150BCBF" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1396,1805,2926,2960]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC912EFCECCBCEB" box="[261,2193,2972,3012]" gridrow="52" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5812EFC2D4BCEB" box="[916,1161,2972,3012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA212EFCECCBCEB" box="[1390,2193,2972,3012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB812EFC077BC90" author="Looss, A." box="[1396,1578,2972,3007]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EF98312EFC0CCBC90" author="Looss, A." box="[1615,1681,2972,3007]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA5004CFEC912B9CECCBCC2" box="[261,2193,3018,3053]" gridrow="53" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFC5812B9C2D4BCC2" box="[916,1161,3018,3053]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">Mediterranean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA5004CFAA212B9CECCBCC2" box="[1390,2193,3018,3053]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="61" pageNumber="55">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA5FF8EFAB812B9C152BCC2" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes" box="[1396,1807,3018,3053]" pageId="61" pageNumber="55" pagination="15 - 22" refId="ref72436" refString="Euzet, L., and C. Combes. 1962. Deux trematodes digenes de Thalassochelys caretta (L). Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 87: 15 - 22." type="journal article" year="1962">Euzet and Combes (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA6FF8DFEE9182AC4DAB652" box="[293,647,345,381]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" startId="62.[293,391,345,381]" targetBox="[294,2024,425,3034]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="62" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA6FF8DFEE9182AC4DAB652" blockId="62.[293,647,345,381]" box="[293,647,345,381]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
Table 27.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE2B182AC4DDB652" box="[487,640,345,381]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Continued</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA6FF8DFEEA18DAC0D6BCF5" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA6004CFEEA18DAC1B5BCF5" box="[294,2024,425,3034]" colsContinueFrom="61.[261,2193,451,3053]" colsContinueIn="63.[271,2146,430,3027]" gridcols="3" gridrows="55" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA18DAC1B5B6FE" box="[294,2024,425,465]" gridrow="0" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA18DAC4F1B6FE" box="[294,684,425,465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFC7518DAC29BB6FE" box="[953,1222,425,465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A18DAC1B5B6FE" box="[1430,2024,425,465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA188AC1B5B50F" box="[294,2024,505,544]" gridrow="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA188AC4F1B579" box="[294,684,505,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861B71C7A9B50B" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,500,514,548]" class="Trematoda" family="Plagiorchiidae" genus="Enodiotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="reductum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861B71C7A9B50B" box="[330,500,514,548]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">E. reductum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75188AC29BB50F" box="[953,1222,505,544]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A188AC1B5B50F" box="[1430,2024,505,544]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA57188AC16AB50F" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,505,544]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1B5FC1B5B579" box="[294,2024,556,598]" gridrow="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751B5FC29BB579" box="[953,1222,556,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1B5FC1B5B579" box="[1430,2024,556,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571B5FC03EB560" author="Looss, A." box="[1435,1635,556,591]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF94C1B5FC17AB560" author="Sey, O." box="[1664,1831,556,591]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1B29C1B5B550" box="[294,2024,602,639]" gridrow="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1B29C4F1B59C" box="[294,684,602,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861B2DC472B5AD" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,559,606,642]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Epibathra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861B2DC472B5AD" box="[330,559,606,642]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Epibathra crassa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751B29C29BB550" box="[953,1222,602,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1B29C1B5B550" box="[1430,2024,602,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571B29C16AB551" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,602,638]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1BFAC1B5B59C" box="[294,2024,649,691]" gridrow="4" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751BFAC29BB59C" box="[953,1222,649,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1BFAC1B5B59C" box="[1430,2024,649,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA501BFAC00EB582" author="Looss, A." box="[1436,1619,649,685]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9BB1BFAC0E6B582" author="Looss, A." box="[1655,1723,649,685]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1BC4C1B5B5F1" box="[294,2024,695,734]" gridrow="5" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1BC4C4F1B5F1" box="[294,684,695,734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861BCFC418B5F1" box="[330,581,700,734]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Haemoxenicon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861BCFC456B5F1" box="[330,523,700,734]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Haemoxenicon</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751BC4C29BB5F1" box="[953,1222,695,734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1BC4C1B5B5F1" box="[1430,2024,695,734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561BC4C093B5F4" author="Wolke, R. E. & D. R. Brooks & A. George" box="[1434,1742,695,731]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="175 - 185" refId="ref96714" refString="Wolke, R. E., D. R. Brooks, and A. George. 1982. Spirorchidiasis in loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta): pathology. J. Wildl. Dis. 18: 175 - 185." type="journal article" year="1982">Wolke et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1B95C1B5B425" box="[294,2024,742,778]" gridrow="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1B95C4F1B410" box="[294,684,742,831]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861B99C40EB422" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,595,746,781]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Hapalotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="loossi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861B99C40EB422" box="[330,595,746,781]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Hapalotrema loossi</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751B95C29BB425" box="[953,1222,742,778]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1B95C1B5B425" box="[1430,2024,742,778]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571B95C16AB426" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,742,777]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1A66C1B5B410" box="[294,2024,789,831]" gridrow="7" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751A66C29BB410" box="[953,1222,789,831]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1A66C1B5B410" box="[1430,2024,789,831]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA501A66C00BB416" author="Looss, A." box="[1436,1622,789,825]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="521 - 784" refId="ref83070" refString="Looss, A. 1899. Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Trematoden-Fauna Aegyptens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 12: 521 - 784." type="journal article" year="1899">Looss (1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9BB1A66C0E6B416" author="Looss, A." box="[1655,1723,789,825]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1A37C1B5B447" box="[294,2024,836,872]" gridrow="8" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1A37C4F1B4B6" box="[294,684,836,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861A3BC455B445" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,520,840,874]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Hapalotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mistroides">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861A3BC455B445" box="[330,520,840,874]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">H. mistroides</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751A37C29BB447" box="[953,1222,836,872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1A37C1B5B447" box="[1430,2024,836,872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571A37C16AB447" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,836,872]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1A07C1B5B4B6" box="[294,2024,884,921]" gridrow="9" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751A07C29BB4B6" box="[953,1222,884,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Italy</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1A07C1B5B4B6" box="[1430,2024,884,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571A07C0F7B4B7" author="Monticelli, F. S." box="[1435,1706,884,920]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="141 - 172" refId="ref85787" refString="Monticelli, F. S. 1896. Di un ematozoo della Thallassochelys caretta Linn. Int. Monatschr. Anat. Physiol. Leipzig 13: 141 - 172." type="journal article" year="1896">Monticelli (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1AD0C1B5B4E8" box="[294,2024,931,967]" gridrow="10" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1AD0C4F1B4D9" box="[294,684,931,1014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861AD5C7A6B4E5" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,507,934,970]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Hapalotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="synorchis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861AD5C7A6B4E5" box="[330,507,934,970]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">H. synorchis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751AD0C29BB4E8" box="[953,1222,931,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1AD0C1B5B4E8" box="[1430,2024,931,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571AD0C16AB4E8" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,931,967]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1AA0C1B5B4D9" box="[294,2024,979,1014]" gridrow="11" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751AA0C29BB4D9" box="[953,1222,979,1014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1AA0C1B5B4D9" box="[1430,2024,979,1014]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA501AA0C0CCB4D9" author="Luhman, M." box="[1436,1681,979,1014]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1D71C1B5B309" box="[294,2024,1026,1062]" gridrow="12" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1D71C4F1B372" box="[294,684,1026,1117]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861D76C406B307" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,603,1029,1064]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Learedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861D76C406B307" box="[330,603,1029,1064]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Learedius europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751D71C29BB309" box="[953,1222,1026,1062]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1D71C1B5B309" box="[1430,2024,1026,1062]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571D71C16AB30A" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,1026,1061]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1D43C1B5B372" box="[294,2024,1072,1117]" gridrow="13" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751D43C29BB372" box="[953,1222,1072,1117]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1D43C1B5B372" box="[1430,2024,1072,1117]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571D43C00BB37A" author="Looss, A." box="[1435,1622,1072,1109]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="521 - 784" refId="ref83070" refString="Looss, A. 1899. Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Trematoden-Fauna Aegyptens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 12: 521 - 784." type="journal article" year="1899">Looss (1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DF9591D43C1B5B37A" box="[1685,2024,1072,1109]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DF9591D43C181B37A" authorityName="Looss" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Leared" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1685,2012,1072,1109]" class="Gastropoda" family="Haplotrematidae" genus="Haplotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constrictum">Haplotrema constrictum</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1D13C1B5B3AB" box="[294,2024,1120,1156]" gridrow="14" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1D13C4F1B3CE" box="[294,684,1120,1249]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861D10C419B3A8" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,580,1123,1159]" class="Trematoda" family="Aspidogastridae" genus="Lophotaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidogastrida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vallei">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861D10C419B3A8" box="[330,580,1123,1159]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Lophotaspis vallei</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751D13C29BB3AB" box="[953,1222,1120,1156]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1D13C1B5B3AB" box="[1430,2024,1120,1156]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571D13C16AB3AC" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,1120,1155]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1DFCC1B5B394" box="[294,2024,1167,1211]" gridrow="15" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751DFCC29BB394" box="[953,1222,1167,1211]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1DFCC1B5B394" box="[1430,2024,1167,1211]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA501DFCC00EB39C" author="Looss, A." box="[1436,1619,1167,1203]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9BB1DFCC0E6B39C" author="Looss, A." box="[1655,1723,1167,1203]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1DCDC1B5B3CE" box="[294,2024,1214,1249]" gridrow="16" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751DCDC29BB3CE" box="[953,1222,1214,1249]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1DCDC1B5B3CE" box="[1430,2024,1214,1249]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571DCDC0CCB3CE" author="Luhman, M." box="[1435,1681,1214,1249]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1D9FC1B5B23F" box="[294,2024,1260,1296]" gridrow="17" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1D9FC4F1B23F" box="[294,684,1260,1296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE841D9DC4F1B23F" authorityName="Chattopadhyaya" authorityYear="1972" box="[328,684,1262,1296]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Metacetabulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="yamagutii">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE841D9DC4F1B23F" box="[328,684,1262,1296]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Metacetabulum yamagutii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751D9FC29BB23F" box="[953,1222,1260,1296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1D9FC1B5B23F" box="[1430,2024,1260,1296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571D9FC151B23F" author="Chattopadhyaya, D. R." box="[1435,1804,1260,1296]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69453" refString="Chattopadhyaya, D. R. 1972. Studies on the trematode parasites of reptiles found in India. Contribution to our knowledge of the family Angiodictyidae Looss, 1901. Riv. Parassitol. 33: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1972">Chattopadhyaya (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1C6AC1B5B212" box="[294,2024,1305,1341]" gridrow="18" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1C6AC4F1B212" box="[294,684,1305,1341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE841C6FC7AFB212" box="[328,498,1308,1341]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Monticelhus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751C6AC29BB212" box="[953,1222,1305,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1C6AC1B5B212" box="[1430,2024,1305,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561C6AC093B213" author="Wolke, R. E. & D. R. Brooks & A. George" box="[1434,1742,1305,1340]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="175 - 185" refId="ref96714" refString="Wolke, R. E., D. R. Brooks, and A. George. 1982. Spirorchidiasis in loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta): pathology. J. Wildl. Dis. 18: 175 - 185." type="journal article" year="1982">Wolke et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1C34C1B5B246" box="[294,2024,1351,1385]" gridrow="19" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1C34C4F1B2B8" box="[294,684,1351,1431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE861C3AC404B244" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[330,601,1353,1387]" class="Trematoda" family="Spirorchiidae" genus="Neospirorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pricei">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE861C3AC404B244" box="[330,601,1353,1387]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Neospirorchis pricei</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751C34C29BB246" box="[953,1222,1351,1385]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1C34C1B5B246" box="[1430,2024,1351,1385]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571C34C16AB246" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,1351,1385]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1C07C1B5B2B8" box="[294,2024,1396,1431]" gridrow="20" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751C07C29BB2B8" box="[953,1222,1396,1431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1C07C1B5B2B8" box="[1430,2024,1396,1431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571C07C118B2B8" author="Manter. H. W .. & M. I. Larson" box="[1435,1861,1396,1431]" journalOrPublisher="J. Parasitol." pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="595 - 599" part="36" refId="ref83940" refString="Manter. H. W .. and M. I. Larson. 1950. Two new blood flukes from a marine turtle, Caretta caretta. J. Parasitol. 36: 595 - 599." title="Two new blood flukes from a marine turtle, Caretta caretta." type="journal article" year="1950">Manter and Larson (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1CD1C1B5B2EA" box="[294,2024,1442,1477]" gridrow="21" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1CD1C4F1B184" box="[294,684,1442,1707]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="6" rowspanBelow="5">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE801CD7C4C6B2E9" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[332,667,1444,1478]" class="Trematoda" family="Telorchiidae" genus="Orchidasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amphiorchis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE801CD7C4C6B2E9" box="[332,667,1444,1478]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Orchidasma amphiorchis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751CD1C29BB2EA" box="[953,1222,1442,1477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1CD1C1B5B2EA" box="[1430,2024,1442,1477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571CD1C16AB2EA" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,1442,1477]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1CA2C1B5B2DB" box="[294,2024,1489,1524]" gridrow="22" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751CA2C29BB2DB" box="[953,1222,1489,1524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Italy</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1CA2C1B5B2DB" box="[1430,2024,1489,1524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561CA2C036B2DC" author="Braun, M." box="[1434,1643,1489,1523]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref66946" refString="Braun, M. 1901. Trematoden der Chelonier. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 2: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1901">Braun (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1C8DC1B5B109" box="[294,2024,1534,1574]" gridrow="23" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751C8DC29BB109" box="[953,1222,1534,1574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1C8DC1B5B109" box="[1430,2024,1534,1574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571C8DC00EB10E" author="Looss, A." box="[1435,1619,1534,1569]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9BA1C8DC09FB10E" author="Looss, A." box="[1654,1730,1534,1569]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF92A1C8DC1D6B10E" author="Sey, O." box="[1766,1931,1534,1569]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1F5FC1B5B160" box="[294,2024,1580,1615]" gridrow="24" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751F5FC29BB160" box="[953,1222,1580,1615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">England</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1F5FC1B5B160" box="[1430,2024,1580,1615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561F5FC03AB160" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1434,1639,1580,1615]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="329 - 343" refId="ref65794" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1928. Records of some parasite worms from British vertebrates. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1: 329 - 343." type="journal article" year="1928">Baylis (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1F29C1B5B152" box="[294,2024,1626,1661]" gridrow="25" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751F29C29BB152" box="[953,1222,1626,1661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1F29C1B5B152" box="[1430,2024,1626,1661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571F29C0CDB152" author="Luhman, M." box="[1435,1680,1626,1661]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1FFBC1B5B184" box="[294,2024,1672,1707]" gridrow="26" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751FFBC29BB184" box="[953,1222,1672,1707]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1FFBC1B5B184" box="[1430,2024,1672,1707]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561FFBC178B184" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1434,1829,1672,1707]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1FC5C1B5B1F5" box="[294,2024,1718,1754]" gridrow="27" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1FC5C4F1B04C" box="[294,684,1718,1891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE851FC4C430B1F5" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[329,621,1719,1754]" class="Trematoda" family="Pachypsolidae" genus="Pachypsolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="irroratus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE851FC4C430B1F5" box="[329,621,1719,1754]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Pachypsolus irroratus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751FC5C29BB1F5" box="[953,1222,1718,1754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1FC5C1B5B1F5" box="[1430,2024,1718,1754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561FC5C16BB1F5" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1434,1846,1718,1754]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
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</td>
|
||
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</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1F96C1B5B027" box="[294,2024,1765,1800]" gridrow="28" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751F96C29BB027" box="[953,1222,1765,1800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Oceanic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1F96C1B5B027" box="[1430,2024,1765,1800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA571F96C03FB027" author="Looss, A." box="[1435,1634,1765,1800]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1E60C1B5B019" box="[294,2024,1811,1846]" gridrow="29" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751E60C29BB019" box="[953,1222,1811,1846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">England</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1E60C1B5B019" box="[1430,2024,1811,1846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561E60C03AB019" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[1434,1639,1811,1846]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="329 - 343" refId="ref65794" refString="Baylis, H. A. 1928. Records of some parasite worms from British vertebrates. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1: 329 - 343." type="journal article" year="1928">Baylis (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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</td>
|
||
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</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1E32C1B5B04C" box="[294,2024,1857,1891]" gridrow="30" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751E32C29BB04C" box="[953,1222,1857,1891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Mediterranean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1E32C1B5B04C" box="[1430,2024,1857,1891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561E32C09FB04C" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes & A. Triquell" box="[1434,1730,1857,1891]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="157 - 167" refId="ref72472" refString="Euzet, L., C. Combes, and A. Triquell. 1972. Sur deux trematodes de Caretta caretta (L.) des cotes Mediterraneenes Franchises. Vie Milieu, Ser. A 23 (1): 157 - 167." type="journal article" year="1972">Euzet et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1E1DC1B5B0BE" box="[294,2024,1902,1937]" gridrow="31" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751E1DC29BB0BE" box="[953,1222,1902,1937]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1E1DC1B5B0BE" box="[1430,2024,1902,1937]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561E1DC179B0BE" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1434,1828,1902,1937]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1EE4C1B5B0EE" box="[294,2024,1943,1985]" gridrow="32" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1EE4C4F1B0EE" box="[294,684,1943,1985]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE851EE4C78AB0EE" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[329,471,1943,1985]" class="Trematoda" family="Pachypsolidae" genus="Pachypsolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalisb">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE851EE4C78AB0EE" box="[329,471,1943,1985]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">P. ovalisb</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751EE4C29BB0EE" box="[953,1222,1943,1985]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1EE4C1B5B0EE" box="[1430,2024,1943,1985]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561EEEC16BB0EF" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1434,1846,1949,1984]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1EB8C1B5BF30" box="[294,2024,1995,2079]" gridrow="33" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1EB8C4F1BF30" box="[294,684,1995,2079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE851E82C781BF33" box="[329,476,2033,2076]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE851E82C794BF33" authorityName="Pratt" authorityYear="1914" box="[329,457,2033,2076]" class="Trematoda" family="Pachypsolidae" genus="Pachypsolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tertius">P. tertius</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
h
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751EB8C29BBF30" box="[953,1222,1995,2079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida, Panama Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1EB8C1B5BF30" box="[1430,2024,1995,2079]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA561EB8C02EB0C2" author="Linton, E." box="[1434,1651,1995,2029]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="11 - 98" refId="ref82898" refString="Linton, E. 1910. Helminth fauna of the Dry Tortugas, 11: Trematodes. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 133, Papers Tortugas Lab. 4: 11 - 98." type="journal article" year="1910">Linton (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF95C1EB8C110B0C2" author="Pratt, H. S." box="[1680,1869,1995,2029]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 427" refId="ref88483" refString="Pratt, H. S. 1913. Trematodes of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the Gulf of Mexico. Arch. Parasitol. 16: 411 - 427." type="journal article" year="1913">Pratt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA551E8BC168BF34" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1433,1845,2040,2075]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1156C1B5BF68" box="[294,2024,2085,2119]" gridrow="34" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751156C29BBF68" box="[953,1222,2085,2119]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1156C1B5BF68" box="[1430,2024,2085,2119]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA551156C02FBF68" author="Linton, E." box="[1433,1650,2085,2119]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="11 - 98" refId="ref82898" refString="Linton, E. 1910. Helminth fauna of the Dry Tortugas, 11: Trematodes. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 133, Papers Tortugas Lab. 4: 11 - 98." type="journal article" year="1910">Linton (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF95C1156C110BF68" author="Pratt, H. S." box="[1680,1869,2085,2119]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 427" refId="ref88483" refString="Pratt, H. S. 1913. Trematodes of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the Gulf of Mexico. Arch. Parasitol. 16: 411 - 427." type="journal article" year="1913">Pratt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1121C1B5BF56" box="[294,2024,2130,2169]" gridrow="35" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1121C4F1BF56" box="[294,684,2130,2169]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE841120C4FEBF5B" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1958" baseAuthorityName="Looss" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[328,675,2131,2164]" class="Trematoda" family="Leptophallidae" genus="Paralepoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="acariaeum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE841120C4FEBF5B" box="[328,675,2131,2164]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Paralepoderma acariaeum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751121C29BBF56" box="[953,1222,2130,2169]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1121C1B5BF56" box="[1430,2024,2130,2169]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA551121C03CBF5B" author="Looss, A." box="[1433,1633,2130,2164]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">Looss (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA110CC1B5BF8E" box="[294,2024,2175,2209]" gridrow="36" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA110CC4F1BE7B" box="[294,684,2175,2388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="5" rowspanBelow="4">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE84110CC4CABF8F" box="[328,663,2175,2208]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE84110CC4DABF8F" box="[328,647,2175,2208]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Plesiorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cymbiformis">Plesiorchis cymbiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
c
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75110CC29BBF8E" box="[953,1222,2175,2209]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A110CC1B5BF8E" box="[1430,2024,2175,2209]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA55110CC168BF8E" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1433,1845,2175,2209]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA11D8C1B5BFFB" box="[294,2024,2219,2260]" gridrow="37" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7511D8C29BBFFB" box="[953,1222,2219,2260]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A11D8C1B5BFFB" box="[1430,2024,2219,2260]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5511D8C00CBFE1" author="Looss, A." box="[1433,1617,2219,2254]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9B911D8C09DBFE1" author="Looss, A." box="[1653,1728,2219,2254]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF92811D8C1D4BFE1" author="Sey, O." box="[1764,1929,2219,2254]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA11ABC1B5BFD5" box="[294,2024,2264,2298]" gridrow="38" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7511ABC29BBFD5" box="[953,1222,2264,2298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A11ABC1B5BFD5" box="[1430,2024,2264,2298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5511ABC0D2BFD5" author="Luhman, M." box="[1433,1679,2264,2298]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1077C1B5BE08" box="[294,2024,2308,2343]" gridrow="39" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751077C29BBE08" box="[953,1222,2308,2343]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Adriatic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1077C1B5BE08" box="[1430,2024,2308,2343]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA551076C15ABE08" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1433,1799,2309,2343]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1042C1B5BE7B" box="[294,2024,2353,2388]" gridrow="40" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751042C29BBE7B" box="[953,1222,2353,2388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1042C1B5BE7B" box="[1430,2024,2353,2388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA541042C17EBE7B" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1432,1827,2353,2388]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA102DC1B5BEAD" box="[294,2024,2398,2434]" gridrow="41" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA102DC4F1BEAD" box="[294,684,2398,2434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE84102CC439BEAE" authorityName="Chattopadhyaya" authorityYear="1972" box="[328,612,2399,2433]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Pleurogonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="carettae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE84102CC439BEAE" box="[328,612,2399,2433]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Pleurogonius carettae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75102DC29BBEAD" box="[953,1222,2398,2434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A102DC1B5BEAD" box="[1430,2024,2398,2434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA54102DC157BEAD" author="Chattopadhyaya, D. R." box="[1432,1802,2398,2434]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69453" refString="Chattopadhyaya, D. R. 1972. Studies on the trematode parasites of reptiles found in India. Contribution to our knowledge of the family Angiodictyidae Looss, 1901. Riv. Parassitol. 33: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1972">Chattopadhyaya (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA10FFC1B5BE9F" box="[294,2024,2444,2480]" gridrow="42" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA10FFC4F1BD13" box="[294,684,2444,2620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8B10FEC447BE80" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[327,538,2445,2479]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Pleurogonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longiusculus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8B10FEC447BE80" box="[327,538,2445,2479]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">P. longiusculus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7510FFC29BBE9F" box="[953,1222,2444,2480]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A10FFC1B5BE9F" box="[1430,2024,2444,2480]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5410FFC169BE9F" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1432,1844,2444,2480]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA10C8C1B5BECD" box="[294,2024,2491,2530]" gridrow="43" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7510C8C29BBECD" box="[953,1222,2491,2530]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A10C8C1B5BECD" box="[1430,2024,2491,2530]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5410C8C00CBEF1" author="Looss, A." box="[1432,1617,2491,2526]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9B810C8C0EABEF1" author="Looss, A." box="[1652,1719,2491,2526]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA109AC1B5BD22" box="[294,2024,2537,2573]" gridrow="44" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75109AC29BBD22" box="[953,1222,2537,2573]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A109AC1B5BD22" box="[1430,2024,2537,2573]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA54109AC0D0BD22" author="Luhman, M." box="[1432,1677,2537,2573]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA136BC1B5BD13" box="[294,2024,2584,2620]" gridrow="45" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75136BC29BBD13" box="[953,1222,2584,2620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Brazil</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A136BC1B5BD13" box="[1430,2024,2584,2620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B136BC15BBD13" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1431,1798,2584,2620]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1335C1B5BD5E" box="[294,2024,2630,2673]" gridrow="46" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA1335C4F1BDB6" box="[294,684,2630,2713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8B1334C41FBD46" authorityName="Looss" authorityYear="1901" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[327,578,2631,2665]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Pleurogonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="trigonocephalus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8B1334C41FBD46" box="[327,578,2631,2665]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">P. trigonocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751335C29BBD5E" box="[953,1222,2630,2673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1335C1B5BD5E" box="[1430,2024,2630,2673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA541335C00DBD44" author="Looss, A." box="[1432,1616,2630,2667]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF9BF1335C0E2BD44" author="Looss, A." box="[1651,1727,2630,2667]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF92E1335C1D5BD44" author="Sey, O." box="[1762,1928,2630,2667]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1305C1B5BDB6" box="[294,2024,2678,2713]" gridrow="47" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751305C29BBDB6" box="[953,1222,2678,2713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Brazil</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1305C1B5BDB6" box="[1430,2024,2678,2713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B1305C15BBDB6" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1431,1798,2678,2713]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA13D7C1B5BDE7" box="[294,2024,2724,2760]" gridrow="48" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA13D7C4F1BDE7" box="[294,684,2724,2760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8B13D7C420BDE8" authorityName="Looss" authorityYear="1902" baseAuthorityName="Looss" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[327,637,2724,2759]" class="Trematoda" family="Microscaphidiidae" genus="Polyangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="linguatula">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8B13D7C420BDE8" box="[327,637,2724,2759]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Polyangium linguatula</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7513D7C29BBDE7" box="[953,1222,2724,2760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A13D7C1B5BDE7" box="[1430,2024,2724,2760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B13D7C155BDE7" author="Chattopadhyaya, D. R." box="[1431,1800,2724,2760]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69453" refString="Chattopadhyaya, D. R. 1972. Studies on the trematode parasites of reptiles found in India. Contribution to our knowledge of the family Angiodictyidae Looss, 1901. Riv. Parassitol. 33: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1972">Chattopadhyaya (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DF8E913D7C1BDBDE7" author="Blair, D." box="[1829,2016,2724,2760]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="241 - 277" refId="ref66419" refString="Blair, D. 1986. A revision of the subfamily Microscaphidiinae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea: Microscaphidiidae) parasitic in marine turtles (Reptilia: Chelonia). Aust. J. Zool. 34: 241 - 277." type="journal article" year="1986">Blair (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA13A0C1B5BDD9" box="[294,2024,2771,2806]" gridrow="49" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA13A0C4F1BC0A" box="[294,684,2771,2853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8A13A0C43EBDDA" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[326,611,2771,2805]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mydae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8A13A0C43EBDDA" box="[326,611,2771,2805]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Polystomoides mydae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7513A0C29BBDD9" box="[953,1222,2771,2806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A13A0C1B5BDD9" box="[1430,2024,2771,2806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B13A0C16EBDD9" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1431,1843,2771,2806]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA1272C1B5BC0A" box="[294,2024,2817,2853]" gridrow="50" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC751272C29BBC0A" box="[953,1222,2817,2853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Europe</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A1272C1B5BC0A" box="[1430,2024,2817,2853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B1271C158BC0A" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1431,1797,2818,2853]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA125CC1B5BC7D" box="[294,2024,2863,2898]" gridrow="51" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA125CC4F1BC7D" box="[294,684,2863,2898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8A125CC7B8BC60" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[326,485,2863,2895]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8A125CC7B8BC60" box="[326,485,2863,2895]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75125CC29BBC7D" box="[953,1222,2863,2898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A125CC1B5BC7D" box="[1430,2024,2863,2898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5B125CC16FBC7D" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1431,1842,2863,2898]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA122FC1B5BCAF" box="[294,2024,2908,2944]" gridrow="52" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA122FC4F1BCAF" box="[294,684,2908,2944]" gridcol="0" gridrow="52" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8A122EC432BC51" authorityName="Chattopadhyaya" authorityYear="1972" box="[326,623,2909,2942]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Pronocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mehrai">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8A122EC432BC51" box="[326,623,2909,2942]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Pronocephalus mehrai</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC75122FC29BBCAF" box="[953,1222,2908,2944]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A122FC1B5BCAF" box="[1430,2024,2908,2944]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5A122FC155BCAF" author="Chattopadhyaya, D. R." box="[1430,1800,2908,2944]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69453" refString="Chattopadhyaya, D. R. 1972. Studies on the trematode parasites of reptiles found in India. Contribution to our knowledge of the family Angiodictyidae Looss, 1901. Riv. Parassitol. 33: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1972">Chattopadhyaya (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA12F9C1B5BC81" box="[294,2024,2954,2990]" gridrow="53" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA6004CFEEA12F9C4F1BCF5" box="[294,684,2954,3034]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA6FF8DFE8A12F9C4C7BC83" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[326,666,2954,2988]" class="Trematoda" family="Pronocephalidae" genus="Pyelosomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longicaecum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA6FF8DFE8A12F9C4C7BC83" box="[326,666,2954,2988]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Pyelosomum longicaecum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7512F9C29BBC81" box="[953,1222,2954,2990]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A12F9C1B5BC81" box="[1430,2024,2954,2990]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5A12F9C16FBC81" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1430,1842,2954,2990]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA6004CFEEA12C4C1B5BCF5" box="[294,2024,2999,3034]" gridrow="54" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFC7512C4C29BBCF5" box="[953,1222,2999,3034]" gridcol="1" gridrow="54" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA6004CFA5A12C4C1B5BCF5" box="[1430,2024,2999,3034]" gridcol="2" gridrow="54" pageId="62" pageNumber="56">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA6FF8DFA5A12C4C0D6BCF5" author="Luhman, M." box="[1430,1675,2999,3034]" pageId="62" pageNumber="56" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFA7FF8CFEC21810C42DB6AE" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFA7FF8CFEC21810C42DB6AE" box="[270,624,355,385]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA7FF8CFEC21810C42DB6AE" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" startId="63.[270,368,355,384]" targetBox="[271,2146,430,3027]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="63" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA7FF8CFEC21810C42DB6AE" blockId="63.[270,624,355,385]" box="[270,624,355,385]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
Table 27.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFE1D1817C42DB6AE" box="[465,624,356,385]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Continued.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFA7FF8CFEDC18CBC0E3BCFC" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFA7004CFEC318DDCE3FBCFC" box="[271,2146,430,3027]" colsContinueFrom="62.[294,2024,425,3034]" colsContinueIn="64.[271,2119,408,3021]" gridcols="3" gridrows="54" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC318DDCE3FB6FA" box="[271,2146,430,469]" gridrow="0" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC318DDC4B9B6FA" box="[271,740,430,469]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFC6818DDC2D0B6FA" box="[932,1165,430,469]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C18DDCE3FB6FA" box="[1408,2146,430,469]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31B71CE3FB50C" box="[271,2146,514,547]" gridrow="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31B71C4B9B581" box="[271,740,514,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFF1B79C43BB508" box="[307,614,522,551]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Rhytidodes gelatinosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681B71C2D0B50C" box="[932,1165,514,547]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1B71CE3FB50C" box="[1408,2146,514,547]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1B71C141B50F" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1409,1820,514,544]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31B42CE3FB57C" box="[271,2146,561,595]" gridrow="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681B42C2D0B57C" box="[932,1165,561,595]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1B42CE3FB57C" box="[1408,2146,561,595]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1B42C01CB561" author="Looss, A." box="[1410,1601,561,590]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="618 - 625" refId="ref83103" refString="Looss, A. 1901. Notizen zur Helminthologie Aegyptens. IV. Uber Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten der aegyptischen Kusten. Ctbl. Bakt. 30 (15): 555 - 569; 30 (16): 618 - 625." type="journal article" year="1901">Looss (1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CF9901B41C0FAB560" author="Looss, A." box="[1628,1703,562,591]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CF9001B41C133B560" author="Sey, O." box="[1740,1902,562,591]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref92399" refString="Sey, O. 1977. Examination of helminth parasites of marine turtles caught along the Egyptian coast. Acta Zool. Acad. Sei. Hung. 23: 387 - 394." type="journal article" year="1977">Sey (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31B2DCE3FB550" box="[271,2146,606,639]" gridrow="3" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681B2DC2D0B550" box="[932,1165,606,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Mediterranean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1B2DCE3FB550" box="[1408,2146,606,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1B2DC179B553" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes" box="[1410,1828,606,636]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 22" refId="ref72436" refString="Euzet, L., and C. Combes. 1962. Deux trematodes digenes de Thalassochelys caretta (L). Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 87: 15 - 22." type="journal article" year="1962">Euzet and Combes (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CF8F11B2CCE3FB554" author="Euzet, L. & C. Combes & A. Triquell" box="[1853,2146,606,637]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="157 - 167" refId="ref72472" refString="Euzet, L., C. Combes, and A. Triquell. 1972. Sur deux trematodes de Caretta caretta (L.) des cotes Mediterraneenes Franchises. Vie Milieu, Ser. A 23 (1): 157 - 167." type="journal article" year="1972">Euzet et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31BFECE3FB581" box="[271,2146,653,686]" gridrow="4" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681BFEC2D0B581" box="[932,1165,653,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1BFECE3FB581" box="[1408,2146,653,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1BFEC156B584" author="Blair, D. & C. J. Limpus" box="[1410,1803,653,683]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="653 - 680" refId="ref66460" refString="Blair, D., and C. J. Limpus. 1982. Some digeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (L.), in Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 30 (4): 653 - 680." type="journal article" year="1982">Blair and Limpus (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31BCFCE3FB5F2" box="[271,2146,700,733]" gridrow="5" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31BCFC4B9B423" box="[271,740,700,780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF81BB7C786B5CE" box="[308,475,708,737]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">R. secundus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681BCFC2D0B5F2" box="[932,1165,700,733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1BCFCE3FB5F2" box="[1408,2146,700,733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1BCFC141B5F5" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1820,700,730]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31B99CE3FB423" box="[271,2146,746,780]" gridrow="6" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681B99C2D0B423" box="[932,1165,746,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1B99CE3FB423" box="[1408,2146,746,780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1B99C01FB428" author="Pratt, H. S." box="[1410,1602,746,775]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="411 - 427" refId="ref88483" refString="Pratt, H. S. 1913. Trematodes of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the Gulf of Mexico. Arch. Parasitol. 16: 411 - 427." type="journal article" year="1913">Pratt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CF9901B98C112B427" author="Luhman, M." box="[1628,1871,747,776]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31A69CE3FB411" box="[271,2146,794,830]" gridrow="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31A69C4B9B411" box="[271,740,794,830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF81A52C79FB411" box="[308,450,801,830]" class="Trematoda" family="Rhytidodidae" genus="Rhytidodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF81A52C79FB411" box="[308,450,801,830]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">R. similis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681A69C2D0B411" box="[932,1165,794,830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">India</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1A69CE3FB411" box="[1408,2146,794,830]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1A69C0B3B417" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1410,1774,794,824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31A3ACE3FB445" box="[271,2146,841,874]" gridrow="8" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31A3AC4B9B4E8" box="[271,740,841,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF81A3CC4B9B442" box="[308,740,847,877]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Schizamphistomum scleroporum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681A3AC2D0B445" box="[932,1165,841,874]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1A3ACE3FB445" box="[1408,2146,841,874]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1A3AC140B448" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1821,841,871]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31A0ACE3FB4B7" box="[271,2146,889,920]" gridrow="9" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681A0AC2D0B4B7" box="[932,1165,889,920]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Oceanic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1A0ACE3FB4B7" box="[1408,2146,889,920]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1A0AC015B4B9" author="Looss, A." box="[1410,1608,889,918]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="323 - 366" refId="ref83179" refString="Looss, A. 1912. Uber den Bau einiger anscheinend seltener Trematoden. Arten. Zool. Jahrb. Supplem. 15: 323 - 366." type="journal article" year="1912">Looss (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31AD5CE3FB4E8" box="[271,2146,934,967]" gridrow="10" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681AD5C2D0B4E8" box="[932,1165,934,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Brazil</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1AD5CE3FB4E8" box="[1408,2146,934,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1AD5C0B3B4EB" author="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst" box="[1410,1774,934,964]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref72391" refString="Ernst, E. M., and C. H. Ernst. 1977. Synopsis of helminths endoparasitic in native turtles of the United States. Bull. Md. Herpetol. Soc. 13 (1): 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1977">Ernst and Ernst (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31AA7CE3FB4DA" box="[271,2146,980,1013]" gridrow="11" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31AA7C4B9B37E" box="[271,740,980,1105]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF91AAFC401B4D6" box="[309,604,988,1017]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Styphlotrema solitaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681AA7C2D0B4DA" box="[932,1165,980,1013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1AA7CE3FB4DA" box="[1408,2146,980,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1AA7C140B4DC" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1821,980,1011]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31D70CE3FB30C" box="[271,2146,1027,1059]" gridrow="12" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681D70C2D0B30C" box="[932,1165,1027,1059]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Egypt</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1D70CE3FB30C" box="[1408,2146,1027,1059]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1D70C01CB30F" author="Looss, A." box="[1410,1601,1027,1056]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="521 - 784" refId="ref83070" refString="Looss, A. 1899. Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Trematoden-Fauna Aegyptens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 12: 521 - 784." type="journal article" year="1899">Looss (1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CF9911D77C0F9B30E" author="Looss, A." box="[1629,1700,1028,1057]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="411 - 894" refId="ref83146" refString="Looss, A. 1902. Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere 16: 411 - 894." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31D42CE3FB37E" box="[271,2146,1073,1105]" gridrow="13" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681D42C2D0B37E" box="[932,1165,1073,1105]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1D42CE3FB37E" box="[1408,2146,1073,1105]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4F1D42C02AB361" author="Luhman, M." box="[1411,1655,1073,1102]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="274 - 276" refId="ref83307" refString="Luhman, M. 1935. Two new trematodes from the loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta). J. Parasitol. 21: 274 - 276." type="journal article" year="1935">Luhman (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31D17CE3FB3AD" box="[271,2146,1124,1154]" gridrow="14" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31D17CE3FB3AD" box="[271,2146,1124,1154]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Cnidaria</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31DEDCE3FB393" box="[271,2146,1182,1212]" gridrow="15" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31DEDCE3FB393" box="[271,2146,1182,1212]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEDC1DEDC7EFB393" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1843" box="[272,434,1182,1212]" class="Hydrozoa" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEDC1DEDC7EFB393" bold="true" box="[272,434,1182,1212]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Hydrozoa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31DB7CE3FB3C5" box="[271,2146,1220,1258]" gridrow="16" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31DB7C4B9B3C5" box="[271,740,1220,1258]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFB1DBEC47DB3C5" box="[311,544,1229,1258]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Obelia dichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681DB7C2D0B3C5" box="[932,1165,1220,1258]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U.S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1DB7CE3FB3C5" box="[1408,2146,1220,1258]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1DB7C011B3C8" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1612,1220,1255]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31D81CE3FB237" box="[271,2146,1266,1304]" gridrow="17" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31D81C4B9B237" box="[271,740,1266,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF51D88C447B237" box="[313,538,1275,1304]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Tubularia crocea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681D81C2D0B237" box="[932,1165,1266,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1D81CE3FB237" box="[1408,2146,1266,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1D81C011B23A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1612,1266,1301]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31C43CE3FB261" box="[271,2146,1328,1358]" gridrow="18" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31C43C4B9B261" box="[271,740,1328,1358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEC31C43C7F7B261" box="[271,426,1328,1358]" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEC31C43C7F7B261" bold="true" box="[271,426,1328,1358]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Anthozoa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31C27CE3FB255" box="[271,2146,1364,1402]" gridrow="19" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31C27C4B9B255" box="[271,740,1364,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFE1C2EC42FB255" box="[306,626,1373,1402]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Anemonia sargassiensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681C27C2D0B255" box="[932,1165,1364,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1C27CE3FB255" box="[1408,2146,1364,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1C27C011B258" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1612,1364,1399]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31CF1CE3FB287" box="[271,2146,1410,1448]" gridrow="20" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31CF1C4B9B287" box="[271,740,1410,1448]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFE1CF8C7B9B288" box="[306,484,1418,1448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Anemone" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFE1CF8C7F0B287" box="[306,429,1419,1448]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Anemone</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681CF1C2D0B287" box="[932,1165,1410,1448]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1CF1CE3FB287" box="[1408,2146,1410,1448]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1CF1C010B28A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1613,1410,1445]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31CC3CE3FB2F9" box="[271,2146,1456,1494]" gridrow="21" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31CC3C4B9B2F9" box="[271,740,1456,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF81CCAC405B2F9" box="[308,600,1465,1494]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Leptogorgia virgulata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681CC3C2D0B2F9" box="[932,1165,1456,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1CC3CE3FB2F9" box="[1408,2146,1456,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1CC3C010B2FC" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1613,1456,1491]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31CADCE3FB12B" box="[271,2146,1502,1540]" gridrow="22" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31CADC4B9B12B" box="[271,740,1502,1540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF91C94C7AEB12B" box="[309,499,1511,1540]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Porites porites</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681CADC2D0B12B" box="[932,1165,1502,1540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1CADCE3FB12B" box="[1408,2146,1502,1540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1CADC011B12E" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1612,1502,1537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31F4DCE3FB14F" box="[271,2146,1598,1632]" gridrow="23" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31F4DCE3FB14F" box="[271,2146,1598,1632]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEDC1F4DC7FEB14F" bold="true" box="[272,419,1598,1632]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Mollusca</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31F0BCE3FB1B3" box="[271,2146,1656,1692]" gridrow="24" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31F0BCE3FB1B3" box="[271,2146,1656,1692]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEC31F0BC796B1B3" bold="true" box="[271,459,1656,1692]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Gastropoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31FD0CE3FB1E6" box="[271,2146,1699,1737]" gridrow="25" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31FD0C4B9B1E6" box="[271,740,1699,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFF1FD5C7C0B1E6" authority="Anomia" authorityName="Anomia" box="[307,413,1702,1737]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Anomia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
simplex
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681FD0C2D0B1E6" box="[932,1165,1699,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1FD0CE3FB1E6" box="[1408,2146,1699,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1FD0C011B1E9" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1612,1699,1734]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31FA2CE3FB1DB" box="[271,2146,1745,1780]" gridrow="26" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31FA2C4B9B1DB" box="[271,740,1745,1780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Costoanachis avara</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681FA2C2D0B1DB" box="[932,1165,1745,1780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1FA2CE3FB1DB" box="[1408,2146,1745,1780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1FA2C0E2B1DC" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1410,1727,1745,1779]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31F8DCE3FB00C" box="[271,2146,1790,1827]" gridrow="27" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31F8DC4B9B00C" box="[271,740,1790,1827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFB1E72C782B00C" box="[311,479,1793,1827]" class="Trematoda" family="Brachycoeliidae" genus="Cymatocarpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="floridana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFB1E72C782B00C" box="[311,479,1793,1827]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">C. floridana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681F8DC2D0B00C" box="[932,1165,1790,1827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1F8DCE3FB00C" box="[1408,2146,1790,1827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E1F8DC0E2B00F" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1410,1727,1790,1824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31E58CE3FB061" box="[271,2146,1835,1870]" gridrow="28" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31E58C4B9B053" box="[271,740,1835,1916]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFA1E5DC466B07F" authority="Jornicata" authorityName="Jornicata" box="[310,571,1838,1872]" class="Gastropoda" family="Calyptraeidae" genus="Crepidula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFA1E5DC466B07F" box="[310,571,1838,1872]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Crepidula Jornicata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681E58C2D0B061" box="[932,1165,1835,1870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1E58CE3FB061" box="[1408,2146,1835,1870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1E58C0E3B062" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,1835,1869]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31E2BCE3FB053" box="[271,2146,1880,1916]" gridrow="29" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681E2BC2D0B053" box="[932,1165,1880,1916]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1E2BCE3FB053" box="[1408,2146,1880,1916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C1E2BC011B053" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1612,1880,1916]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31EF6CE3FB086" box="[271,2146,1925,1961]" gridrow="30" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31EF6C4B9B0F8" box="[271,740,1925,2007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFA1EFBC7EDB084" box="[310,432,1928,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Calyptraeidae" genus="Crepidula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFA1EFBC7EDB084" box="[310,432,1928,1963]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">C. plana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681EF6C2D0B086" box="[932,1165,1925,1961]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1EF6CE3FB086" box="[1408,2146,1925,1961]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1EF6C0E3B087" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,1925,1960]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31EC0CE3FB0F8" box="[271,2146,1971,2007]" gridrow="31" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681EC0C2D0B0F8" box="[932,1165,1971,2007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1EC0CE3FB0F8" box="[1408,2146,1971,2007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C1EC0C011B0F8" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1612,1971,2007]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31E92CE3FBF2A" box="[271,2146,2017,2053]" gridrow="32" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31E92C4B9BF2A" box="[271,740,2017,2053]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFF1E97C45BBF2B" box="[307,518,2020,2052]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Mitrella lunata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681E92C2D0BF2A" box="[932,1165,2017,2053]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1E92CE3FBF2A" box="[1408,2146,2017,2053]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1E92C011BF2A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1612,2017,2053]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC3117CCE3FBF1C" box="[271,2146,2063,2099]" gridrow="33" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC3117CC4B9BF1C" box="[271,740,2063,2099]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF41162C468BF1C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[312,565,2065,2099]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Thais" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haemastoma">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF41162C468BF1C" box="[312,565,2065,2099]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Thais haemastoma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC68117CC2D0BF1C" box="[932,1165,2063,2099]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C117CCE3FBF1C" box="[1408,2146,2063,2099]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4E117CC0E2BF1E" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1410,1727,2063,2097]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31138CE3FBF42" box="[271,2146,2123,2157]" gridrow="34" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31138C4B9BF42" box="[271,740,2123,2157]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEC31138C7C7BF42" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[271,410,2123,2157]" class="Bivalvia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEC31138C7C7BF42" bold="true" box="[271,410,2123,2157]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Bivalvia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31104CE3FBFB5" box="[271,2146,2167,2202]" gridrow="35" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31104C4B9BFB5" box="[271,740,2167,2202]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFE110AC783BFB5" box="[306,478,2169,2202]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcidae" genus="Anadara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arcida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFE110AC7FBBFB5" box="[306,422,2169,2202]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Anadara</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681104C2D0BFB5" box="[932,1165,2167,2202]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1104CE3FBFB5" box="[1408,2146,2167,2202]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1104C0E3BFB5" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2167,2202]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC311D6CE3FBFE8" box="[271,2146,2213,2247]" gridrow="36" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC311D6C4B9BFE8" box="[271,740,2213,2247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFE11D4C464BFE8" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[306,569,2215,2247]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcidae" genus="Anadara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arcida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="transversa">Anadara transversa</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6811D6C2D0BFE8" box="[932,1165,2213,2247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C11D6CE3FBFE8" box="[1408,2146,2213,2247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D11D6C0E3BFE8" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2213,2247]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC311A1CE3FBFD8" box="[271,2146,2258,2295]" gridrow="37" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC311A1C4B9BFD8" box="[271,740,2258,2295]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFE11A6C475BFD8" box="[306,552,2261,2295]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Argopecten gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6811A1C2D0BFD8" box="[932,1165,2258,2295]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C11A1CE3FBFD8" box="[1408,2146,2258,2295]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C11A1C016BFD9" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1611,2258,2294]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31073CE3FBE0C" box="[271,2146,2304,2339]" gridrow="38" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31073C4B9BE0C" box="[271,740,2304,2339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFE1071C790BE0C" box="[306,461,2306,2339]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pinnidae" genus="Atrinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFE1071C7C8BE0C" box="[306,405,2306,2339]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Atrinia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681073C2D0BE0C" box="[932,1165,2304,2339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1073CE3FBE0C" box="[1408,2146,2304,2339]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C1073C016BE0C" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1611,2304,2339]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC3105DCE3FBE7E" box="[271,2146,2350,2385]" gridrow="39" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC3105DC4B9BE7E" box="[271,740,2350,2385]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF8105CC411BE7E" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[308,588,2351,2385]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Brachidontes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytilida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="exustus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF8105CC411BE7E" box="[308,588,2351,2385]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Brachidontes exustus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC68105DC2D0BE7E" box="[932,1165,2350,2385]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C105DCE3FBE7E" box="[1408,2146,2350,2385]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D105DC0E3BE7E" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2350,2385]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC3102FCE3FBE50" box="[271,2146,2396,2431]" gridrow="40" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC3102FC4B9BE50" box="[271,740,2396,2431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF8102EC780BE50" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[308,477,2397,2431]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Brachidontes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytilida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="modoilus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF8102EC780BE50" box="[308,477,2397,2431]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">B. modoilus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC68102FC2D0BE50" box="[932,1165,2396,2431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C102FCE3FBE50" box="[1408,2146,2396,2431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D102FC0E3BE51" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2396,2430]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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||
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC310FACE3FBE82" box="[271,2146,2441,2477]" gridrow="41" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC310FAC4B9BE82" box="[271,740,2441,2477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Chama macerophylla</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6810FAC2D0BE82" box="[932,1165,2441,2477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C10FACE3FBE82" box="[1408,2146,2441,2477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D10FAC0E3BE83" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2441,2476]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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||
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC310C4CE3FBEF4" box="[271,2146,2487,2523]" gridrow="42" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC310C4C4B9BEF4" box="[271,740,2487,2523]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Crassostrea virginica</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6810C4C2D0BEF4" box="[932,1165,2487,2523]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C10C4CE3FBEF4" box="[1408,2146,2487,2523]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C10C4C017BEF5" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1610,2487,2522]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31097CE3FBD27" box="[271,2146,2532,2568]" gridrow="43" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31097C4B9BD27" box="[271,740,2532,2568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFA1095C7A1BD29" box="[310,508,2534,2566]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Gouldia cerina</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681097C2D0BD27" box="[932,1165,2532,2568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1097CE3FBD27" box="[1408,2146,2532,2568]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C1097C017BD27" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1610,2532,2568]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31361CE3FBD1A" box="[271,2146,2578,2613]" gridrow="44" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31361C4B9BD1A" box="[271,740,2578,2613]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF81360C455BD1A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[308,520,2579,2613]" class="Bivalvia" family="Hiatellidae" genus="Hiatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Adapedonta" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF81360C455BD1A" box="[308,520,2579,2613]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Hiatella arctica</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681361C2D0BD1A" box="[932,1165,2578,2613]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1361CE3FBD1A" box="[1408,2146,2578,2613]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C1361C0E0BD1A" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1408,1725,2578,2613]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31333CE3FBD4C" box="[271,2146,2624,2659]" gridrow="45" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31333C4B9BD4C" box="[271,740,2624,2659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFF1332C472BD4C" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[307,559,2625,2659]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Musculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytilida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lateralis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFF1332C472BD4C" box="[307,559,2625,2659]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Musculus lateralis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681333C2D0BD4C" box="[932,1165,2624,2659]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1333CE3FBD4C" box="[1408,2146,2624,2659]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1333C0E0BD4C" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1725,2624,2659]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC3131DCE3FBDBD" box="[271,2146,2670,2706]" gridrow="46" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC3131DC4B9BDBD" box="[271,740,2670,2706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFF131CC7A4BDBD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[307,505,2671,2706]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytilida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFF131CC7A4BDBD" box="[307,505,2671,2706]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Mytilus edulis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC68131DC2D0BDBD" box="[932,1165,2670,2706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C131DCE3FBDBD" box="[1408,2146,2670,2706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D131DC0E3BDBE" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2670,2705]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC313EFCE3FBD90" box="[271,2146,2716,2751]" gridrow="47" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC313EFC4B9BD90" box="[271,740,2716,2751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEFB13EEC7B8BD90" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[311,485,2717,2751]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFB13EEC7B8BD90" box="[311,485,2717,2751]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Ostrea edulis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6813EFC2D0BD90" box="[932,1165,2716,2751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C13EFCE3FBD90" box="[1408,2146,2716,2751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D13EFC0E3BD90" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2716,2751]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC313B8CE3FBDC2" box="[271,2146,2763,2797]" gridrow="48" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC313B8C4B9BC33" box="[271,740,2763,2844]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEFB13B8C78ABDC2" box="[311,471,2763,2797]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">0. equestris</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6813B8C2D0BDC2" box="[932,1165,2763,2797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C13B8CE3FBDC2" box="[1408,2146,2763,2797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D13B8C0E3BDC2" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2763,2797]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC3138BCE3FBC33" box="[271,2146,2808,2844]" gridrow="49" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC68138BC2D0BC33" box="[932,1165,2808,2844]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U.S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C138BCE3FBC33" box="[1408,2146,2808,2844]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4C138BC016BC33" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1408,1611,2808,2844]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31255CE3FBC65" box="[271,2146,2854,2890]" gridrow="50" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31255C4B9BC65" box="[271,740,2854,2890]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF91254C47FBC65" baseAuthorityName="Jonas" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[309,546,2855,2890]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Rupellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="typica">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF91254C47FBC65" box="[309,546,2855,2890]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Rupellaria typica</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681255C2D0BC65" box="[932,1165,2854,2890]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1255CE3FBC65" box="[1408,2146,2854,2890]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1254C0E3BC66" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2855,2889]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC31227CE3FBC58" box="[271,2146,2900,2935]" gridrow="51" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC31227C4B9BC89" box="[271,740,2900,2982]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF91226C469BC57" authorityName="Dall & Simpson" authorityYear="1901" box="[309,564,2901,2936]" class="Bivalvia" family="Myidae" genus="Sphenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF91226C469BC57" box="[309,564,2901,2936]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Sphenia antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC681227C2D0BC58" box="[932,1165,2900,2935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C1227CE3FBC58" box="[1408,2146,2900,2935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D1227C0E3BC58" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2900,2935]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC312F1CE3FBC89" box="[271,2146,2946,2982]" gridrow="52" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6812F1C2D0BC89" box="[932,1165,2946,2982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C12F1CE3FBC89" box="[1408,2146,2946,2982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D12F1C016BC89" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1409,1611,2946,2982]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFA7004CFEC312C3CE3FBCFC" box="[271,2146,2992,3027]" gridrow="53" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFA7004CFEC312C3C4B9BCFC" box="[271,740,2992,3027]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFEF712C3C7E2BCFC" box="[315,447,2992,3027]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFEF712C3C7DABCFC" box="[315,391,2992,3027]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Venus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
or
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFA7FF8CFDCA12C3C4E1BCFC" box="[518,700,2992,3027]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venerupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFA7FF8CFDCA12C3C4D9BCFC" box="[518,644,2992,3027]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Venerupis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFC6812C3C2D0BCFC" box="[932,1165,2992,3027]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFA7004CFA4C12C3CE3FBCFC" box="[1408,2146,2992,3027]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="63" pageNumber="57">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFA7FF8CFA4D12C3C0E3BCFC" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1409,1726,2992,3027]" pageId="63" pageNumber="57" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD8FFF3FEE61832C4D1B648" box="[298,652,321,359]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" startId="64.[298,396,321,359]">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD8FFF3FEE61832C4D1B648" blockId="64.[298,652,321,359]" box="[298,652,321,359]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
Table 27.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE211832C4D1B648" box="[493,652,321,359]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Continued.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD8FFF3FEE618EBC0E0BCE2" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFD8004CFEC318EBCE1ABCE2" box="[271,2119,408,3021]" colsContinueFrom="63.[271,2146,430,3027]" colsContinueIn="65.[272,2154,420,3022]" gridcols="3" gridrows="52" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC318EBCE1AB6ED" box="[271,2119,408,450]" gridrow="0" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC318EBC4C5B6ED" box="[271,664,408,450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E18EBC29EB6ED" box="[930,1219,408,450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFAB318EBCE1AB6ED" box="[1407,2119,408,450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3189ECE1AB520" box="[271,2119,493,527]" gridrow="1" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC3189ECE1AB520" box="[271,2119,493,527]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEE4189EC7E0B520" bold="true" box="[296,445,493,527]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Annelida</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31B55CE1AB566" box="[271,2119,550,585]" gridrow="2" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31B55CE1AB566" box="[271,2119,550,585]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEE41B55C78EB566" bold="true" box="[296,467,550,585]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Hirudinea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31B2BCE1AB5AB" box="[271,2119,600,644]" gridrow="3" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31B2BC4C5B4E6" box="[271,664,600,969]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="8" rowspanBelow="7">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE821B2BC439B553" baseAuthorityName="Apáthy" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[334,612,600,636]" class="Clitellata" family="Ozobranchidae" genus="Ozobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margoi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE821B2BC439B553" box="[334,612,600,636]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Ozobranchus margoi</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1B2BC29EB5AB" box="[930,1219,600,644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31B2BCE1AB5AB" box="[1407,2119,600,644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA501B2CC0D1B5AB" author="Cordero, E. - H." box="[1436,1676,607,644]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="209 - 217" refId="ref70076" refString="Cordero, E. - H. 1929. Notes sur les Hirudinees. I. Quelques observations sur la morphologie externe d'Ozobranchus margoi (Apathy). Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. 7: 209 - 217." type="journal article" year="1929">Cordero (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31BF8CE1AB59A" box="[271,2119,651,693]" gridrow="4" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1BF8C29EB59A" box="[930,1219,651,693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Italy</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31BF8CE1AB59A" box="[1407,2119,651,693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA501BFDC08DB59A" author="Sanjeeva Raj, P. J." box="[1436,1744,654,693]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="473 - 480" refId="ref91024" refString="Sanjeeva Raj, P. J. 1954. A synopsis of the genus Ozobranchus (deQuatrefages), 1852 (Hirudinea: Annelida). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 52: 473 - 480." type="journal article" year="1954">Sanjeeva Raj (1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3F9231BFDC169B59A" author="Sanjeeva Raj, P. J." box="[1775,1844,654,693]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref91065" refString="Sanjeeva Raj, P. J. 1959. Occurrence of Ozobranchus margoi Apathy (Hirudinea: Annelida) in the Indian seas. Current Sei. (Bangalore) 28: 496." type="journal volume" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31BCACE1AB5CB" box="[271,2119,697,740]" gridrow="5" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1BCAC29EB5CB" box="[930,1219,697,740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31BCACE1AB5CB" box="[1407,2119,697,740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA501BC9C0BFB5CB" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1436,1762,698,740]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3F8CC1BC9C1AAB5CB" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1792,2039,698,740]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
d
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31B9BCE1AB43E" box="[271,2119,744,785]" gridrow="6" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1B9BC29EB43E" box="[930,1219,744,785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Pacific</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31B9BCE1AB43E" box="[1407,2119,744,785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA571B98C16AB43E" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1435,1847,747,785]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31A65CE1AB410" box="[271,2119,790,831]" gridrow="7" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1A65C29EB410" box="[930,1219,790,831]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Captive</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31A65CE1AB410" box="[1407,2119,790,831]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA561A69C139B410" author="Davies, R. W. & C. G. Chapman" box="[1434,1892,794,831]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="104 - 106" refId="ref70646" refString="Davies, R. W., and C. G. Chapman. 1974. First record in North America of the piscicolid leech, Ozobranchus margoi, a parasite of marine turtles. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 31: 104 - 106." type="journal article" year="1974">Davies and Chapman (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31A37CE1AB443" box="[271,2119,836,876]" gridrow="8" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1A37C29EB443" box="[930,1219,836,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">N. Carolina</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31A37CE1AB443" box="[1407,2119,836,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA561A34C0CAB443" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[1434,1687,839,876]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="889 - 890" refId="ref91913" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1974. The marine leech Ozobranchus margoi (Hirudinea: Pisciocolidae), epizootic on Chelonia and Caretta sea turtles from North Carolina. J. Parasitol. 60: 889 - 890." type="journal article" year="1974">Schwartz (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31A01CE1AB4B3" box="[271,2119,882,924]" gridrow="9" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1A01C29EB4B3" box="[930,1219,882,924]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Florida, Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31A01CE1AB4B3" box="[1407,2119,882,924]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA551A06C084B4B3" author="Sawyer, R. T. & A. R. Lawler & R. M. Overstreet" box="[1433,1753,885,924]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="633 - 667" refId="ref91217" refString="Sawyer, R. T., A. R. Lawler, and R. M. Overstreet. 1975. Marine leeches of the eastern United States and the Gulf of Mexico with a key to the species. J. Nat. Hist. 9: 633 - 667." type="journal article" year="1975">Sawyer et al. (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31AD2CE1AB4E6" box="[271,2119,929,969]" gridrow="10" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1AD2C29EB4E6" box="[930,1219,929,969]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Hawaii</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31AD2CE1AB4E6" box="[1407,2119,929,969]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA551AD6C037B4E6" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1433,1642,933,969]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="145 - 147" refId="ref65230" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1979. Loggerhead turtle recovered from a tiger shark at Kure Atoll. ' Elepaio, J. Hawaii Audubon Soc. 39: 145 - 147." type="journal article" year="1979">Balazs (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31A90CE1AB328" box="[271,2119,995,1031]" gridrow="11" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31A90CE1AB328" box="[271,2119,995,1031]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEE81A90C78AB328" bold="true" box="[292,471,995,1031]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Polychaeta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31D61CE1AB310" box="[271,2119,1042,1087]" gridrow="12" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31D61C4C5B310" box="[271,664,1042,1087]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE841D61C794B319" authority="Filograna" authorityName="Filograna" box="[328,457,1042,1078]" class="Polychaeta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Filograna</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
vulgaris
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1D61C29EB310" box="[930,1219,1042,1087]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31D61CE1AB310" box="[1407,2119,1042,1087]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5B1D69C02DB310" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1431,1648,1050,1087]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31D33CE1AB341" box="[271,2119,1088,1134]" gridrow="13" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31D33C4C5B341" box="[271,664,1088,1134]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE841D33C47FB34B" box="[328,546,1088,1124]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Pomatoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE841D33C7B7B34B" box="[328,490,1088,1124]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Pomatoceros</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1D33C29EB341" box="[930,1219,1088,1134]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31D33CE1AB341" box="[1407,2119,1088,1134]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5B1D3AC0B1B341" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1431,1772,1097,1134]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31D1DCE1AB3B3" box="[271,2119,1134,1180]" gridrow="14" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31D1DC4C5B3B3" box="[271,664,1134,1180]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Sabellaria vulgaris</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1D1DC29EB3B3" box="[930,1219,1134,1180]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31D1DCE1AB3B3" box="[1407,2119,1134,1180]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5A1D04C02DB3B3" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1430,1648,1143,1180]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31DEECE1AB3E0" box="[271,2119,1181,1231]" gridrow="15" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31DEEC4C5B3D6" box="[271,664,1181,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE8A1DEEC7BFB3EE" box="[326,482,1181,1217]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Serpula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE8A1DEEC7F4B3EE" box="[326,425,1181,1217]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Serpula</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE8A1DB8C448B3C1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[326,533,1227,1262]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Serpula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vermicularis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE8A1DB8C448B3C1" box="[326,533,1227,1262]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. vermicularis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1DEEC29EB3E0" box="[930,1219,1181,1231]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31DEECE1AB3E0" box="[1407,2119,1181,1231]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5A1DD5C0A4B3E0" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1430,1785,1190,1231]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;Frazier et al. (19
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31DA2CE1AB3D6" box="[271,2119,1233,1273]" gridrow="16" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1DA2C29EB3D6" box="[930,1219,1233,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31DA2CE1AB3D6" box="[1407,2119,1233,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA591DA7C032B3D6" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1429,1647,1236,1273]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31D89CE1AB206" box="[271,2119,1274,1321]" gridrow="17" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31D89C4C5B279" box="[271,664,1274,1366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified polychaetes</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1D89C29EB206" box="[930,1219,1274,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31D89CE1AB206" box="[1407,2119,1274,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA591C70C0B6B206" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1429,1771,1283,1321]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31C5ECE1AB279" box="[271,2119,1325,1366]" gridrow="18" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1C5EC29EB279" box="[930,1219,1325,1366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31C5ECE1AB279" box="[1407,2119,1325,1366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA581C42C033B279" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1428,1646,1329,1366]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31CE2CE1AB29B" box="[271,2119,1425,1460]" gridrow="19" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31CE2CE1AB29B" box="[271,2119,1425,1460]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FED31CE2C79DB29B" bold="true" box="[287,448,1425,1460]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Crustacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31CBFCE1AB2DF" box="[271,2119,1484,1520]" gridrow="20" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31CBFCE1AB2DF" box="[271,2119,1484,1520]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FED21CBFC796B2DF" bold="true" box="[286,459,1484,1520]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Cirripedia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31C88CE1AB107" box="[271,2119,1531,1576]" gridrow="21" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31C88C4C5B107" box="[271,664,1531,1576]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE881C88C7A4B132" authority="Cirripedia Unspecified" authorityName="Cirripedia Unspecified" box="[324,505,1531,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Unspecified</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1C88C29EB107" box="[930,1219,1531,1576]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31C88CE1AB107" box="[1407,2119,1531,1576]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5E1F77C026B107" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1426,1659,1540,1576]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref67866" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1972. Sea turtles. Their natural history and conservation. W. Collins & Sons, London." type="book" year="1972">Bustard (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31F32CE1AB149" box="[271,2119,1601,1638]" gridrow="22" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31F32CE1AB149" box="[271,2119,1601,1638]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FED21F32C411B149" bold="true" box="[286,588,1601,1638]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
Family
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE6C1F32C411B149" box="[416,588,1601,1638]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lepadidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31F1CCE1AB1B1" box="[271,2119,1647,1694]" gridrow="23" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31F1CC4C5B1D2" box="[271,664,1647,1789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE8D1F1CC795B1BA" box="[321,456,1647,1685]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Lepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FE8D1F1CC7CCB1BA" box="[321,401,1647,1685]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Lepas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1F1CC29EB1B1" box="[930,1219,1647,1694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Norway</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31F1CCE1AB1B1" box="[1407,2119,1647,1694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5C1F0AC0D5B1B1" author="Willgohs, J. F." box="[1424,1672,1657,1694]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref96379" refString="Willgohs, J. F. 1952. Common loggerhead Caretta caretta (Linne) stranded in western Norway with some remarks on its specific diagnosis. Univ. Bergen Arbok Naturvitensk. Rekke No. 17, 8 pp." type="book" year="1952">Willgohs (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31FD1CE1AB1E4" box="[271,2119,1698,1739]" gridrow="24" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1FD1C29EB1E4" box="[930,1219,1698,1739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31FD1CE1AB1E4" box="[1407,2119,1698,1739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5D1FD4C0D5B1E4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1425,1672,1703,1739]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31FA3CE1AB1D2" box="[271,2119,1744,1789]" gridrow="25" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1FA3C29EB1D2" box="[930,1219,1744,1789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31FA3CE1AB1D2" box="[1407,2119,1744,1789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5C1FA6C08BB1D2" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1424,1750,1749,1789]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3F93F1FA6CE6CB1D2" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1779,2097,1749,1789]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31F8CCE1AB030" box="[271,2119,1791,1823]" gridrow="26" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1F8CC29EB030" box="[930,1219,1791,1823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31F8CCE1AB079" box="[1407,2119,1791,1878]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA5C1E71C02BB008" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1424,1654,1794,1831]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA431E43C177B079" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1423,1834,1840,1878]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31E55CE1AB079" box="[271,2119,1830,1878]" gridrow="27" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31E55C4C5B0AD" box="[271,664,1830,1922]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF21E55C7B2B066" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[318,495,1830,1865]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Lepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anserifera">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF21E55C7B2B066" box="[318,495,1830,1865]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">L. anserifera</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1E55C29EB079" box="[930,1219,1830,1878]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31E2ACE1AB0AD" box="[271,2119,1881,1922]" gridrow="28" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1E2AC29EB0AD" box="[930,1219,1881,1922]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31E2ACE1AB0AD" box="[1407,2119,1881,1922]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA421E2EC0D8B0AD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1422,1669,1885,1922]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31EF4CE1AB09D" box="[271,2119,1927,1970]" gridrow="29" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31EF4C4C5BF22" box="[271,664,1927,2061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF11EDCC7BEB0FD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[317,483,1967,2002]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Lepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatifera">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF11EDCC7BEB0FD" box="[317,483,1967,2002]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">L. anatifera</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1EF4C29EB09D" box="[930,1219,1927,1970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31EF4CE1AB09D" box="[1407,2119,1927,1970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA411EF8C114B09D" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1421,1865,1931,1970]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31EC6CE1AB0F1" box="[271,2119,1973,2014]" gridrow="30" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1EC6C29EB0F1" box="[930,1219,1973,2014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">England</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31EC6CE1AB0F1" box="[1407,2119,1973,2014]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA411ECAC0E4B0F1" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1421,1721,1977,2014]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref67200" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1972. European Atlantic turtles. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) No. 121." type="book" year="1972">Brongersma (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31E90CE1ABF22" box="[271,2119,2019,2061]" gridrow="31" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1E90C29EBF22" box="[930,1219,2019,2061]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31E90CE1ABF22" box="[1407,2119,2019,2061]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA401E94C11ABF22" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1420,1863,2023,2061]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31163CE1ABF16" box="[271,2119,2064,2105]" gridrow="32" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31163C4C5BFBA" box="[271,664,2064,2197]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF7114BC7EDBF77" box="[315,432,2104,2136]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">L. hillii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1163C29EBF16" box="[930,1219,2064,2105]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31163CE1ABF16" box="[1407,2119,2064,2105]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA471167C00BBF16" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1419,1622,2068,2105]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3114ECE1ABF49" box="[271,2119,2109,2150]" gridrow="33" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E114EC29EBF49" box="[930,1219,2109,2150]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Scotland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3114ECE1ABF49" box="[1407,2119,2109,2150]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA471131C036BF49" author="Ritchie, J." box="[1419,1643,2114,2150]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref90321" refString="Ritchie, J. 1924. Turtle barnacles in Scottish waters. Scott. Nat. 149: 166." type="journal volume" year="1924">Ritchie (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31118CE1ABFBA" box="[271,2119,2155,2197]" gridrow="34" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1118C29EBFBA" box="[930,1219,2155,2197]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31118CE1ABFBA" box="[1407,2119,2155,2197]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA46111CC11BBFBA" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1418,1862,2159,2197]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC311EBCE1ABFEE" box="[271,2119,2200,2241]" gridrow="35" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC311EBC4C5BFC2" box="[271,664,2200,2285]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF011CCC42EBFCD" authorityName="Spengler" authorityYear="1789" box="[316,627,2239,2274]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Conchoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgatum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF011CCC42EBFCD" box="[316,627,2239,2274]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Conchoderma virgatum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E11EBC29EBFEE" box="[930,1219,2200,2241]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB311EBCE1ABFEE" box="[1407,2119,2200,2241]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4611EFC095BFEE" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1418,1736,2204,2241]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC311B7CE1ABFC2" box="[271,2119,2244,2285]" gridrow="36" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E11B7C29EBFC2" box="[930,1219,2244,2285]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Scotland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB311B7CE1ABFC2" box="[1407,2119,2244,2285]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4511BAC034BFC2" author="Ritchie, J." box="[1417,1641,2249,2285]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref90321" refString="Ritchie, J. 1924. Turtle barnacles in Scottish waters. Scott. Nat. 149: 166." type="journal volume" year="1924">Ritchie (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31182CE1ABE35" box="[271,2119,2289,2330]" gridrow="37" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1182C29EBE35" box="[930,1219,2289,2330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31182CE1ABE35" box="[1407,2119,2289,2330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA451185C0DFBE35" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1417,1666,2294,2330]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3106CCE1ABE64" box="[271,2119,2335,2379]" gridrow="38" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC3106CC4C5BE5A" box="[271,664,2335,2421]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF71036C789BE48" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[315,468,2373,2407]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Conchoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF71036C789BE48" box="[315,468,2373,2407]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">C. auritum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E106CC29EBE64" box="[930,1219,2335,2379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3106CCE1ABE64" box="[1407,2119,2335,2379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA441050C119BE64" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1416,1860,2339,2379]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3F8AD1050CE1ABE64" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1889,2119,2339,2379]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3103FCE1ABE5A" box="[271,2119,2380,2421]" gridrow="39" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E103FC29EBE5A" box="[930,1219,2380,2421]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3103FCE1ABE5A" box="[1407,2119,2380,2421]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4B1023C11EBE5A" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1415,1859,2384,2421]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC310F8CE1ABE81" box="[271,2119,2443,2478]" gridrow="40" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC310F8CE1ABE81" box="[271,2119,2443,2478]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEDF10F8C464BE81" bold="true" box="[275,569,2443,2478]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
Family
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FE5A10F8C464BE81" box="[406,569,2443,2478]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Balanidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC310CACE1ABEC7" box="[271,2119,2489,2536]" gridrow="41" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC310CAC4C5BD20" box="[271,664,2489,2575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEFB10CAC780BEF3" box="[311,477,2489,2524]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEFB10CAC7F8BEF3" box="[311,421,2489,2524]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Balanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEFA1094C463BD25" box="[310,574,2535,2570]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphitrite">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEFA1094C463BD25" box="[310,574,2535,2570]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Balanus amphitrite</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E10CAC29EBEC7" box="[930,1219,2489,2536]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB310CACE1ABEC7" box="[1407,2119,2489,2536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4A10B0C020BEC7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1414,1661,2499,2536]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3109FCE1ABD20" box="[271,2119,2540,2575]" gridrow="42" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E109FC29EBD20" box="[930,1219,2540,2575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3109FCE1ABD69" box="[1407,2119,2540,2630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA491082C00DBD39" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1413,1616,2545,2582]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA491353C11DBD69" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1413,1856,2592,2630]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31366CE1ABD69" box="[271,2119,2581,2630]" gridrow="43" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31366C4C5BD69" box="[271,664,2581,2630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEFA1366C78FBD17" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1854" box="[310,466,2581,2616]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEFA1366C78FBD17" box="[310,466,2581,2616]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">B. trigonus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1366C29EBD69" box="[930,1219,2581,2630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3133ACE1ABD5A" box="[271,2119,2633,2677]" gridrow="44" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC3133AC4C5BDB5" box="[271,664,2633,2714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF81302C7B1BDBB" box="[308,492,2673,2708]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">B. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E133AC29EBD5A" box="[930,1219,2633,2677]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3133ACE1ABD5A" box="[1407,2119,2633,2677]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA49133DC102BD5A" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1413,1887,2638,2677]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3130BCE1ABDB5" box="[271,2119,2680,2714]" gridrow="45" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E130BC29EBDB5" box="[930,1219,2680,2714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3130BCE1ABDE0" box="[1407,2119,2680,2767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4F130FC163BD8C" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1411,1854,2684,2723]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4F13D9C027BDE0" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1411,1658,2730,2767]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC313D3CE1ABDE0" box="[271,2119,2720,2767]" gridrow="46" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC313D3C4C5BDE0" box="[271,664,2720,2767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF913D3C7B6BDED" authority="Unspecified" authorityName="Unspecified" box="[309,491,2720,2754]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">Unspecified</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E13D3C29EBDE0" box="[930,1219,2720,2767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31395CE1ABC26" box="[271,2119,2790,2825]" gridrow="47" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31395CE1ABC26" box="[271,2119,2790,2825]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEC31395C400BC26" bold="true" box="[271,605,2790,2825]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Family Coronulidae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31267CE1ABC6C" box="[271,2119,2836,2883]" gridrow="48" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD8004CFEC31267C4C5BCE2" box="[271,664,2836,3021]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD8FFF3FEF91267C79FBC18" authority="Chelombia" authorityName="Chelombia" box="[309,450,2836,2871]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD8FFF3FEF91267C79FBC18" box="[309,450,2836,2871]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Chelombia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1267C29EBC6C" box="[930,1219,2836,2883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Seychelles</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31267CE1ABC6C" box="[1407,2119,2836,2883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4E126CC002BC6C" author="Frazier, J." box="[1410,1631,2847,2883]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC3123BCE1ABC5E" box="[271,2119,2888,2929]" gridrow="49" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E123BC29EBC5E" box="[930,1219,2888,2929]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB3123BCE1ABC5E" box="[1407,2119,2888,2929]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4D123EC025BC5E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1409,1656,2893,2929]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC31205CE1ABC8F" box="[271,2119,2934,2976]" gridrow="50" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E1205C29EBC8F" box="[930,1219,2934,2976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Turkey</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB31205CE1ABC8F" box="[1407,2119,2934,2976]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FAB31209C095BC8F" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[1407,1736,2938,2976]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD8004CFEC312D0CE1ABCE2" box="[271,2119,2979,3021]" gridrow="51" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFC6E12D0C29EBCE2" box="[930,1219,2979,3021]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD8004CFAB312D0CE1ABCE2" box="[1407,2119,2979,3021]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="64" pageNumber="58">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD8FFF3FA4C12DBC0E0BCE2" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1408,1725,2984,3021]" pageId="64" pageNumber="58" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD9FFF2FEDC182FC42CB656" box="[272,625,348,377]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" startId="65.[272,370,348,377]" targetBox="[272,2154,420,3022]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="65" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD9FFF2FEDC182FC42CB656" blockId="65.[272,625,348,377]" box="[272,625,348,377]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Table 27. Continued.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD9FFF2FEDD18C1C013BCE4" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFD9004CFEDC18D7CE37BCE1" box="[272,2154,420,3022]" colsContinueFrom="64.[271,2119,408,3021]" colsContinueIn="66.[284,2099,418,1777]" gridcols="3" gridrows="55" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC18D7CE37B6E0" box="[272,2154,420,463]" gridrow="0" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC18D7C4FBB6E0" box="[272,678,420,463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E18D7C29FB6E0" box="[930,1218,420,463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D18D7CE37B6E0" box="[1409,2154,420,463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1889CE37B533" box="[272,2154,506,540]" gridrow="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1889C4FBB41B" box="[272,678,506,820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="7" rowspanBelow="6">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF41B77C42DB50E" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[312,624,516,545]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testudinaria">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF41B77C42DB50E" box="[312,624,516,545]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Chelonibia testudinaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1889C29FB533" box="[930,1218,506,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1889CE37B533" box="[1409,2154,506,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1889C141B538" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1820,506,535]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1B59CE37B564" box="[272,2154,554,587]" gridrow="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1B59C29FB564" box="[930,1218,554,587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">New Jersey</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1B59CE37B564" box="[1409,2154,554,587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1B59C020B568" author="Richards, H. G." box="[1410,1661,554,583]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="143 - 144" refId="ref89891" refString="Richards, H. G. 1930. Notes on barnacles from Cape May County, New Jersey. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. 82: 143 - 144." type="journal article" year="1930">Richards (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1B24CE37B555" box="[272,2154,599,634]" gridrow="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1B24C29FB555" box="[930,1218,599,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1B24CE37B555" box="[1409,2154,599,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1B24C161B55B" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1410,1852,599,628]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1BF4CE37B587" box="[272,2154,647,680]" gridrow="4" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1BF4C29FB587" box="[930,1218,647,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">California</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1BF4CE37B587" box="[1409,2154,647,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4D1BF4C010B58B" author="Guess, R. C." box="[1409,1613,647,676]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref76327" refString="Guess, R. C. 1981. A Pacific loggerhead captured off California's northern Channel Islands. Herpetol. Rev. 12: 15." type="journal volume" year="1981">Guess (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1BC7CE37B5F8" box="[272,2154,692,727]" gridrow="5" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1BC7C29FB5F8" box="[930,1218,692,727]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1BC7CE37B5F8" box="[1409,2154,692,727]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1BC7C100B5FE" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1411,1885,692,721]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1B91CE37B42A" box="[272,2154,738,773]" gridrow="6" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1B91C29FB42A" box="[930,1218,738,773]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U.S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1B91CE37B42A" box="[1409,2154,738,773]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
Killingley and Lutcavage (1983);
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2F8531B91CE37B5D0" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1951,2154,738,767]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1A61CE37B41B" box="[272,2154,786,820]" gridrow="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1A61C29FB41B" box="[930,1218,786,820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1A61CE37B41B" box="[1409,2154,786,820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1A61C095B400" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1410,1736,786,815]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1A33CE37B44D" box="[272,2154,832,866]" gridrow="8" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1A33C4FBB336" box="[272,678,832,1049]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="5" rowspanBelow="4">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB1A39C7E1B448" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[311,444,842,871]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB1A39C7E1B448" box="[311,444,842,871]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">C. caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1A33C29FB44D" box="[930,1218,832,866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1A33CE37B44D" box="[1409,2154,832,866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1A33C140B472" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1821,832,861]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1A1DCE37B4A0" box="[272,2154,878,911]" gridrow="9" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1A1DC29FB4A0" box="[930,1218,878,911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Scotland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1A1DCE37B4A0" box="[1409,2154,878,911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1A1DC03FB4A4" author="Ritchie, J." box="[1410,1634,878,907]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref90321" refString="Ritchie, J. 1924. Turtle barnacles in Scottish waters. Scott. Nat. 149: 166." type="journal volume" year="1924">Ritchie (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1AEECE37B492" box="[272,2154,925,957]" gridrow="10" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1AEEC29FB492" box="[930,1218,925,957]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Netherlands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1AEECE37B492" box="[1409,2154,925,957]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1AEEC025B495" author="Holthuis, L. B." box="[1411,1656,925,954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="72 - 77" refId="ref77559" refString="Holthuis, L. B. 1952. Enige interessante met drijvende voorwerpen op de Nederlandse kust aangespoelde Zeepissebedden en Zeepokken. Levende Nat. 55: 72 - 77." type="journal article" year="1952">Holthuis (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1ABACE37B4C4" box="[272,2154,969,1003]" gridrow="11" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1ABAC29FB4C4" box="[930,1218,969,1003]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1ABACE37B4C4" box="[1409,2154,969,1003]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1ABAC161B4C9" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1410,1852,969,998]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1A8BCE37B336" box="[272,2154,1016,1049]" gridrow="12" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1A8BC29FB336" box="[930,1218,1016,1049]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U.S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1A8BCE37B336" box="[1409,2154,1016,1049]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1A8BC011B33A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1612,1016,1045]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1D56CE37B368" box="[272,2154,1061,1095]" gridrow="13" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1D56C4FBB35A" box="[272,678,1061,1141]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB1D5CC452B363" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[311,527,1071,1100]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Coronula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regina">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB1D5CC452B363" box="[311,527,1071,1100]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Coronula regina</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1D56C29FB368" box="[930,1218,1061,1095]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1D56CE37B368" box="[1409,2154,1061,1095]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1D56C140B36D" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1411,1821,1061,1090]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1D26CE37B35A" box="[272,2154,1109,1141]" gridrow="14" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1D26C29FB35A" box="[930,1218,1109,1141]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Gulf of California</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1D26CE37B35A" box="[1409,2154,1109,1141]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1D26C024B35D" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1410,1657,1109,1138]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="568 - 569" refId="ref68607" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1963. Second record of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the Gulfof California. Copeia 1963: 568 - 569." type="journal article" year="1963">Caldwell (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1DF0CE37B38B" box="[272,2154,1155,1188]" gridrow="15" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1DF0C4FBB3FD" box="[272,678,1155,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA1DFFC7A8B386" box="[310,501,1164,1193]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Platylepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA1DFFC7E0B386" box="[310,445,1164,1193]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Platylepas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1DF0C29FB38B" box="[930,1218,1155,1188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1DF0CE37B38B" box="[1409,2154,1155,1188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1DF0C024B38F" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1410,1657,1155,1184]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1DC2CE37B3FD" box="[272,2154,1201,1234]" gridrow="16" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1DC2C29FB3FD" box="[930,1218,1201,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1DC2CE37B3FD" box="[1409,2154,1201,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1DC2C09DB3E1" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1410,1728,1201,1230]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1DADCE37B22B" box="[272,2154,1246,1284]" gridrow="17" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1DADC4FBB22B" box="[272,678,1246,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA1D94C46BB22B" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1854" box="[310,566,1255,1284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Platylepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA1D94C46BB22B" box="[310,566,1255,1284]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Platylepas decorata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1DADC29FB22B" box="[930,1218,1246,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1DADCE37B22B" box="[1409,2154,1246,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1DADC161B3D4" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1410,1852,1246,1275]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1C7FCE37B202" box="[272,2154,1292,1325]" gridrow="18" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1C7FC4FBB298" box="[272,678,1292,1463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="4" rowspanBelow="3">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA1C66C7BAB21D" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[310,487,1301,1330]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Platylepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexastylos">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA1C66C7BAB21D" box="[310,487,1301,1330]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">P. hexastylos</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1C7FC29FB202" box="[930,1218,1292,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1C7FCE37B202" box="[1409,2154,1292,1325]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1C7FC140B206" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1410,1821,1292,1321]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1C48CE37B274" box="[272,2154,1339,1371]" gridrow="19" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1C48C29FB274" box="[930,1218,1339,1371]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Netherlands</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1C48CE37B274" box="[1409,2154,1339,1371]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1C48C024B277" author="Holthuis, L. B." box="[1411,1657,1339,1368]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="72 - 77" refId="ref77559" refString="Holthuis, L. B. 1952. Enige interessante met drijvende voorwerpen op de Nederlandse kust aangespoelde Zeepissebedden en Zeepokken. Levende Nat. 55: 72 - 77." type="journal article" year="1952">Holthuis (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1C14CE37B2A6" box="[272,2154,1383,1417]" gridrow="20" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1C14C29FB2A6" box="[930,1218,1383,1417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1C14CE37B2A6" box="[1409,2154,1383,1417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1C14C160B2AB" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1410,1853,1383,1412]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1CE6CE37B298" box="[272,2154,1429,1463]" gridrow="21" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1CE6C29FB298" box="[930,1218,1429,1463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1CE6CE37B298" box="[1409,2154,1429,1463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1CE6C100B29D" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1411,1885,1429,1458]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1CB6CE37B2C6" box="[272,2154,1477,1513]" gridrow="22" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1CB6C4FBB2C6" box="[272,678,1477,1513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA1CBFC456B2C6" box="[310,523,1484,1513]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Platylepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA1CBFC456B2C6" box="[310,523,1484,1513]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">P. multidentata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1CB6C29FB2C6" box="[930,1218,1477,1513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1CB6CE37B2C6" box="[1409,2154,1477,1513]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1CB6C034B2CD" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1411,1641,1477,1506]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1C81CE37B138" box="[272,2154,1522,1559]" gridrow="23" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1C81C4FBB138" box="[272,678,1522,1559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91C89C47AB138" box="[309,551,1530,1559]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Stephanolepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91C89C7B2B138" box="[309,495,1530,1559]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Stephanolepas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1C81C29FB138" box="[930,1218,1522,1559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1C81CE37B138" box="[1409,2154,1522,1559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1C81C027B120" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1411,1658,1522,1551]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1F53CE37B16A" box="[272,2154,1568,1605]" gridrow="24" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1F53C4FBB16A" box="[272,678,1568,1605]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91F5BC42FB16A" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1886" box="[309,626,1576,1605]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Stephanolepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91F5BC42FB16A" box="[309,626,1576,1605]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Stephanolepas muricata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1F53C29FB16A" box="[930,1218,1568,1605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1F53CE37B16A" box="[1409,2154,1568,1605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1F53C160B112" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1411,1853,1568,1597]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1F3DCE37B140" box="[272,2154,1614,1647]" gridrow="25" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1F3DC4FBB1E4" box="[272,678,1614,1739]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91F25C413B15C" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[309,590,1622,1651]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Stomatolepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91F25C413B15C" box="[309,590,1622,1651]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Stomatolepas elegans</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1F3DC29FB140" box="[930,1218,1614,1647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Not stated</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1F3DCE37B140" box="[1409,2154,1614,1647]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1F3DC140B144" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1411,1821,1614,1643]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1F06CE37B1B1" box="[272,2154,1653,1694]" gridrow="26" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1F06C29FB1B1" box="[930,1218,1653,1694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Japan</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1F06CE37B1B1" box="[1409,2154,1653,1694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1F0EC066B1B5" author="Hiro, F." box="[1411,1595,1661,1690]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="312 - 320" refId="ref77317" refString="Hiro, F. 1936. Occurrence of the cirriped Stomatolepas elegans on a loggerhead turtle found at Seto. Annot. Zool. Jpn. 15: 312 - 320." type="journal article" year="1936">Hiro (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFD9FFF2F9F71F06C015B1A7" attach="none" box="[1595,1608,1653,1672]" fontSize="5" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">e</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1FDACE37B1E4" box="[272,2154,1705,1739]" gridrow="27" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1FDAC29FB1E4" box="[930,1218,1705,1739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Europe</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1FDACE37B1E4" box="[1409,2154,1705,1739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1FDAC169B1E9" author="Smaldon, G. & I. HJ. Lyster" box="[1411,1844,1705,1734]" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana (Leiden)" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="317 - 318" part="30" refId="ref92744" refString="Smaldon, G., and I. HJ. Lyster. 1976. Stomatolepas elegans (Cirripedia), new records and notes. Crustaceana (Leiden) 30 (3): 317 - 318." title="Stomatolepas elegans (Cirripedia), new records and notes" type="journal article" year="1976">Smaldon and Lyster (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1FABCE37B1D7" box="[272,2154,1752,1784]" gridrow="28" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1FABC4FBB00A" box="[272,678,1752,1829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91FADC459B1D4" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1916" box="[309,516,1758,1787]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Platylepadidae" genus="Stomatolepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praegustator">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91FADC459B1D4" box="[309,516,1758,1787]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">S. praegustator</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1FABC29FB1D7" box="[930,1218,1752,1784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1FABCE37B1D7" box="[1409,2154,1752,1784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1FABC003B1DA" author="Pilsbry, H. A." box="[1410,1630,1752,1781]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="304 - 306" refId="ref88156" refString="Pilsbry, H. A. 1910. Stomatolepas, a barnacle commensal in the throat of the loggerhead turtle. Am. Nat. 44: 304 - 306." type="journal article" year="1910">Pilsbry (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1E77CE37B00A" box="[272,2154,1796,1829]" gridrow="29" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1E77C29FB00A" box="[930,1218,1796,1829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1E77CE37B00A" box="[1409,2154,1796,1829]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1E77C160B00E" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1411,1853,1796,1825]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1E42CE37B079" box="[272,2154,1841,1878]" gridrow="30" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1E42C4FBB079" box="[272,678,1841,1878]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF61E4AC40BB079" box="[314,598,1849,1878]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Tubicinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheloniae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF61E4AC40BB079" box="[314,598,1849,1878]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Tubicinella cheloniae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1E42C29FB079" box="[930,1218,1841,1878]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1E42CE37B079" box="[1409,2154,1841,1878]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1E42C160B061" author="Monroe, R. & CJ. Limpus" box="[1411,1853,1841,1870]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Queensl. Mus." pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="197 - 223" part="19" refId="ref85750" refString="Monroe, R., and CJ. Limpus. 1979. Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 19: 197 - 223." title="Barnacles on turtles in Queensland waters with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1979">Monroe and Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1E01CE37B0BF" box="[272,2154,1906,1936]" gridrow="31" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1E01CE37B0BF" box="[272,2154,1906,1936]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEDD1E01C7F6B0BF" bold="true" box="[273,427,1906,1936]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Tanaidea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1EE4CE37B092" box="[272,2154,1943,1981]" gridrow="32" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1EE4C4FBB092" box="[272,678,1943,1981]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF81ED3C45DB092" authority="SE U. S." box="[308,512,1952,1981]" class="Malacostraca" family="Tanaididae" genus="Zeuxo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF81ED3C45DB092" box="[308,512,1952,1981]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Zeuxo robustus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1EE4C29FB092" box="[930,1218,1943,1981]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1EE4CE37B092" box="[1409,2154,1943,1981]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1EE4C010B097" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1613,1943,1976]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1EAACE37B0D8" box="[272,2154,2009,2039]" gridrow="33" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1EAACE37B0D8" box="[272,2154,2009,2039]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEDC1EAAC78DB0D8" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1816" box="[272,464,2009,2039]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEDC1EAAC78DB0D8" bold="true" box="[272,464,2009,2039]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Amphipoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1E8DCE37BF0A" box="[272,2154,2046,2085]" gridrow="34" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1E8DC4FBBF0A" box="[272,678,2046,2085]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF4117BC782BF0A" box="[312,479,2056,2085]" class="Malacostraca" family="Caprellidae" genus="Caprella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF4117BC7FABF0A" box="[312,423,2056,2085]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Caprella</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1E8DC29FBF0A" box="[930,1218,2046,2085]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1E8DCE37BF0A" box="[1409,2154,2046,2085]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Frazier etal. (1985)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1158CE37BF7D" box="[272,2154,2091,2130]" gridrow="35" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1158C4FBBF7D" box="[272,678,2091,2130]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB1146C447BF7D" authority="SE U. S." box="[311,538,2101,2130]" class="Malacostraca" family="Caprellidae" genus="Caprella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB1146C447BF7D" box="[311,538,2101,2130]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Caprella andreae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1158C29FBF7D" box="[930,1218,2091,2130]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1158CE37BF7D" box="[1409,2154,2091,2130]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1158C035BF61" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2091,2126]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC112ACE37BF50" box="[272,2154,2137,2175]" gridrow="36" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC112AC4FBBF50" box="[272,678,2137,2175]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF41111C786BF50" authority="SE U. S." box="[312,475,2146,2175]" class="Malacostraca" family="Caprellidae" genus="Caprella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="equilibra">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF41111C786BF50" box="[312,475,2146,2175]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">C. equilibra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E112AC29FBF50" box="[930,1218,2137,2175]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D112ACE37BF50" box="[1409,2154,2137,2175]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E112AC035BF54" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2137,2171]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC11F6CE37BF84" box="[272,2154,2181,2219]" gridrow="37" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC11F6C4FBBF84" box="[272,678,2181,2219]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB11FDC4FFBF84" authorityName="Chevreux & de Guerne" authorityYear="1888" box="[311,674,2190,2219]" class="Malacostraca" family="Podoceridae" genus="Cyrtophium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chelonophilum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB11FDC4FFBF84" box="[311,674,2190,2219]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Cyrtophium chelonophilum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E11F6C29FBF84" box="[930,1218,2181,2219]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D11F6CE37BF84" box="[1409,2154,2181,2219]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">ChevreuxanddeGuerne(1</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC11C6CE37BFF4" box="[272,2154,2229,2267]" gridrow="38" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC11C6C4FBBFF4" box="[272,678,2229,2267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF911CDC464BFF4" authority="SE U. S." box="[309,569,2238,2267]" class="Malacostraca" family="Caprellidae" genus="Paracaprella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF911CDC464BFF4" box="[309,569,2238,2267]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Paracaprella tenuis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E11C6C29FBFF4" box="[930,1218,2229,2267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D11C6CE37BFF4" box="[1409,2154,2229,2267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E11C6C035BFF8" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2229,2263]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1190CE37BE26" box="[272,2154,2275,2313]" gridrow="39" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1190C4FBBE26" box="[272,678,2275,2313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFF119FC46EBE26" authority="SE U. S." box="[307,563,2284,2313]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Ampithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramondi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFF119FC46EBE26" box="[307,563,2284,2313]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Ampithoe ramondi</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1190C29FBE26" box="[930,1218,2275,2313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1190CE37BE26" box="[1409,2154,2275,2313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1190C035BE2A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2275,2309]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1062CE37BE18" box="[272,2154,2321,2359]" gridrow="40" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1062C4FBBE18" box="[272,678,2321,2359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91069C47EBE18" authority="SE U. S." box="[309,547,2330,2359]" class="Malacostraca" family="Maeridae" genus="Elasmopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapax">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91069C47EBE18" box="[309,547,2330,2359]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Elasmopus rapax</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1062C29FBE18" box="[930,1218,2321,2359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1062CE37BE18" box="[1409,2154,2321,2359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1062C035BE1C" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2321,2355]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC104CCE37BE4A" box="[272,2154,2367,2405]" gridrow="41" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC104CC4FBBE4A" box="[272,678,2367,2405]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF9103BC4DABE4A" authority="SE U. S." box="[309,647,2376,2405]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Erichthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braziliensis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF9103BC4DABE4A" box="[309,647,2376,2405]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Erichthonius braziliensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E104CC29FBE4A" box="[930,1218,2367,2405]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D104CCE37BE4A" box="[1409,2154,2367,2405]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E104CC035BE4E" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2367,2401]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC101ECE37BEBC" box="[272,2154,2413,2451]" gridrow="42" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC101EC4FBBEBC" box="[272,678,2413,2451]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91005C7E0BEBC" box="[309,445,2422,2451]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalidae" genus="Hyale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91005C7DBBEBC" box="[309,390,2422,2451]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Hyale</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E101EC29FBEBC" box="[930,1218,2413,2451]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D101ECE37BEBC" box="[1409,2154,2413,2451]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E101EC035BEBF" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2413,2448]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC10E8CE37BE90" box="[272,2154,2459,2495]" gridrow="43" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC10E8C4FBBE90" box="[272,678,2459,2495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA10D1C401BE90" authority="SE U. S." box="[310,604,2466,2495]" class="Malacostraca" family="Podoceridae" genus="Podocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA10D1C401BE90" box="[310,604,2466,2495]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Podocerus brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E10E8C29FBE90" box="[930,1218,2459,2495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D10E8CE37BE90" box="[1409,2154,2459,2495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E10E8C035BE92" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2459,2493]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC10BACE37BEC1" box="[272,2154,2505,2542]" gridrow="44" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC10BAC4FBBEC1" box="[272,678,2505,2542]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA10A2C781BEC1" authority="SE U. S." box="[310,476,2513,2542]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Tubicinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheloniae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA10A2C781BEC1" box="[310,476,2513,2542]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">P. cheloniae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E10BAC29FBEC1" box="[930,1218,2505,2542]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D10BACE37BEC1" box="[1409,2154,2505,2542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E10BAC035BEC4" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2505,2539]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1084CE37BD33" box="[272,2154,2551,2588]" gridrow="45" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1084C4FBBD33" box="[272,678,2551,2588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA108CC441BD33" authority="SE U. S." box="[310,540,2559,2588]" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA108CC441BD33" box="[310,540,2559,2588]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Stenothoe minuta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1084C29FBD33" box="[930,1218,2551,2588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1084CE37BD33" box="[1409,2154,2551,2588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E1084C035BD38" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1640,2551,2583]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC134BCE37BD79" box="[272,2154,2616,2646]" gridrow="46" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC134BCE37BD79" box="[272,2154,2616,2646]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEDE134BC7CCBD79" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1816" box="[274,401,2616,2646]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEDE134BC7CCBD79" bold="true" box="[274,401,2616,2646]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Isopoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC132DCE37BDAB" box="[272,2154,2654,2692]" gridrow="47" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC132DC4FBBDAB" box="[272,678,2654,2692]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF91314C7BFBDAB" box="[309,482,2663,2692]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cirolanidae" genus="Eurydice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF91314C7F6BDAB" box="[309,427,2663,2692]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Eurydice</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E132DC29FBDAB" box="[930,1218,2654,2692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D132DCE37BDAB" box="[1409,2154,2654,2692]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F132DC037BDAE" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1411,1642,2654,2689]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">Bustard (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC13FFCE37BD9E" box="[272,2154,2700,2737]" gridrow="48" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC13FFC4FBBD9E" box="[272,678,2700,2737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFA13E7C4FBBD9E" authority="SE U. S." box="[310,678,2708,2737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Sphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridentatum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFA13E7C4FBBD9E" box="[310,678,2708,2737]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Sphaeroma quadridentatum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E13FFC29FBD9E" box="[930,1218,2700,2737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D13FFCE37BD9E" box="[1409,2154,2700,2737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4E13FFC010BD80" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1410,1613,2700,2735]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC13B9CE37BDC7" box="[272,2154,2762,2792]" gridrow="49" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC13B9CE37BDC7" box="[272,2154,2762,2792]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEDE13B9C7E3BDC7" bold="true" box="[274,446,2762,2792]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Brachyura</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1383CE37BC39" box="[272,2154,2800,2838]" gridrow="50" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1383C4FBBC39" box="[272,678,2800,2838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEF5138AC470BC39" authority="SE U. S." box="[313,557,2809,2838]" class="Malacostraca" family="Panopeidae" genus="Neopanope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEF5138AC470BC39" box="[313,557,2809,2838]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Neopanope texana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1383C29FBC39" box="[930,1218,2800,2838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1383CE37BC39" box="[1409,2154,2800,2838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1383C013BC3C" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1411,1614,2800,2835]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC126DCE37BC6C" box="[272,2154,2846,2883]" gridrow="51" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC126DC4FBBC6C" box="[272,678,2846,2883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB1255C7B1BC6C" box="[311,492,2854,2883]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Pachygraspus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E126DC29FBC6C" box="[930,1218,2846,2883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D126DCE37BC6C" box="[1409,2154,2846,2883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F126DC013BC6E" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1411,1614,2846,2881]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC123FCE37BC5D" box="[272,2154,2892,2930]" gridrow="52" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC123FC4FBBC5D" box="[272,678,2892,2930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="52" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB1226C47BBC5D" authority="SE U. S." box="[311,550,2901,2930]" class="Malacostraca" family="Panopeidae" genus="Panopeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbstii">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB1226C47BBC5D" box="[311,550,2901,2930]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Panopeus herbstii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E123FC29FBC5D" box="[930,1218,2892,2930]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D123FCE37BC5D" box="[1409,2154,2892,2930]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA48123FC013BC40" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1412,1614,2892,2927]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC1209CE37BCB0" box="[272,2154,2938,2975]" gridrow="53" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC1209C4FBBCB0" box="[272,678,2938,2975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB12F1C45CBCB0" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[311,513,2946,2975]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Planes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB12F1C45CBCB0" box="[311,513,2946,2975]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">Planes cyaneus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E1209C29FBCB0" box="[930,1218,2938,2975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">California</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D1209CE37BCB0" box="[1409,2154,2938,2975]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F1209C012BCB2" author="Guess, R. C." box="[1411,1615,2938,2973]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" refId="ref76327" refString="Guess, R. C. 1981. A Pacific loggerhead captured off California's northern Channel Islands. Herpetol. Rev. 12: 15." type="journal volume" year="1981">Guess (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD9004CFEDC12DACE37BCE1" box="[272,2154,2985,3022]" gridrow="54" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD9004CFEDC12DAC4FBBCE1" box="[272,678,2985,3022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="54" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD9FFF2FEFB12C2C799BCE1" authority="SE U. S." box="[311,452,2993,3022]" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD9FFF2FEFB12C2C799BCE1" box="[311,452,2993,3022]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">P. minuta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFC6E12DAC29FBCE1" box="[930,1218,2985,3022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="54" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD9004CFA4D12DACE37BCE1" box="[1409,2154,2985,3022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="54" pageId="65" pageNumber="59">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD9FFF2FA4F12DAC013BCE4" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1411,1614,2985,3019]" pageId="65" pageNumber="59" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFDAFFF1FED11838C4DDB65E" box="[285,640,331,369]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" startId="66.[285,384,331,369]" targetBox="[284,2099,418,1777]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="66" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED11838C4DDB65E" blockId="66.[285,640,331,369]" box="[285,640,331,369]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Table 27. Continued.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED218D1C08DB1DE" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFDA004CFED018D1CE6EB1DE" box="[284,2099,418,1777]" colsContinueFrom="65.[272,2154,420,3022]" gridcols="3" gridrows="27" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED018D1CE6EB6EB" box="[284,2099,418,452]" gridrow="0" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED018D1C42CB6EB" box="[284,625,418,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Species</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F18D1C2DBB6EB" box="[947,1158,418,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D18D1CE6EB6EB" box="[1425,2099,418,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01889CE6EB536" box="[284,2099,506,537]" gridrow="1" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01889CE6EB536" box="[284,2099,506,537]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED11889C7F9B536" bold="true" box="[285,420,506,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Bryozoa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01B52CE6EB567" box="[284,2099,545,584]" gridrow="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01B52C42CB567" box="[284,625,545,584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Bugula nentina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1B52C2DBB567" box="[947,1158,545,584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">SE U.S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1B52CE6EB567" box="[1425,2099,545,584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1B52C000B56A" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1425,1629,545,581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01B23CE6EB559" box="[284,2099,592,630]" gridrow="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01B23C42CB559" box="[284,625,592,630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8D1B20C41FB559" box="[321,578,595,630]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8D1B20C454B559" box="[321,521,595,630]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Membranipora</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1B23C2DBB559" box="[947,1158,592,630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1B23CE6EB559" box="[1425,2099,592,630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5F1B23C025B559" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1427,1656,592,630]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01B0CCE6EB58A" box="[284,2099,639,677]" gridrow="4" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01B0CC42CB58A" box="[284,625,639,677]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8C1BF1C472B58B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[320,559,642,676]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="membranacea">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8C1BF1C472B58B" box="[320,559,642,676]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">M. membranacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1B0CC2DBB58A" box="[947,1158,639,677]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1B0CCE6EB58A" box="[1425,2099,639,677]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1B0CC0D4B58A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1426,1673,639,677]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01BDDCE6EB5FD" box="[284,2099,686,722]" gridrow="5" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01BDDC42CB401" box="[284,625,686,814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1BDDC2DBB5FD" box="[947,1158,686,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1BDDCE6EB5FD" box="[1425,2099,686,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1BDDC0D4B5FD" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1426,1673,686,722]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="271 - 272" refId="ref68639" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1968. Baby loggerhead turtles associated with sargassum weed. Q _. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 31: 271 - 272." type="journal article" year="1968">Caldwell (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01BAECE6EB42E" box="[284,2099,733,769]" gridrow="6" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1BAEC2DBB42E" box="[947,1158,733,769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1BAECE6EB42E" box="[1425,2099,733,769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1BAEC02EB42E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1426,1651,733,769]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="7 - 25" refId="ref78164" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1970 a. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, III. Lammergeyer 12: 7 - 25." type="journal article" year="1970">Hughes (1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
s)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01A78CE6EB401" box="[284,2099,779,814]" gridrow="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1A78C2DBB401" box="[947,1158,779,814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1A78CE6EB401" box="[1425,2099,779,814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1A78C024B401" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1426,1657,779,814]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01A36CE6EB44A" box="[284,2099,837,869]" gridrow="8" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01A36CE6EB44A" box="[284,2099,837,869]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED11A36C7EAB44A" bold="true" box="[285,439,837,869]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Chordata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01A0FCE6EB4B0" box="[284,2099,892,927]" gridrow="9" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01A0FCE6EB4B0" box="[284,2099,892,927]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED11A0FC7B1B4B0" bold="true" box="[285,492,892,927]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Urochordata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01ADACE6EB4E0" box="[284,2099,937,975]" gridrow="10" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01ADAC42CB4E0" box="[284,625,937,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8C1AD8C42CB4E0" box="[320,625,939,975]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Molgula manhattensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1ADAC2DBB4E0" box="[947,1158,937,975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1ADACE6EB4E0" box="[1425,2099,937,975]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1ADAC000B4E1" author="Caine, E. A." box="[1426,1629,937,974]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref68336" refString="Caine, E. A. 1986. Carapace epibionts of nesting loggerhead sea turtles: Atlantic coast ofU. S. A. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 95: 15 - 26." type="journal article" year="1986">Caine (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01A90CE6EB329" box="[284,2099,995,1030]" gridrow="11" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01A90C42CB329" box="[284,625,995,1030]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED11A90C723B329" bold="true" box="[285,382,995,1030]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Pisces</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01D63CE6EB31B" box="[284,2099,1040,1076]" gridrow="12" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01D63C42CB31B" box="[284,625,1040,1076]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Echeneis naucrates</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1D63C2DBB31B" box="[947,1158,1040,1076]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1D63CE6EB31B" box="[1425,2099,1040,1076]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1D63C024B31B" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1426,1657,1040,1076]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01D4CCE6EB34B" box="[284,2099,1087,1124]" gridrow="13" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01D4CC42CB34B" box="[284,625,1087,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8E1D32C7BFB34C" box="[322,482,1089,1123]" family="Echeneidae" genus="Remora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8E1D32C7F4B34C" box="[322,425,1089,1123]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Remora</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1D4CC2DBB34B" box="[947,1158,1087,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Seychelles</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1D4CCE6EB34B" box="[1425,2099,1087,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1D4CC02DB34C" author="Frazier, J." box="[1426,1648,1087,1123]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01DEDCE6EB3EF" box="[284,2099,1182,1216]" gridrow="14" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01DEDCE6EB3EF" box="[284,2099,1182,1216]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED11DEDC7DFB3EF" bold="true" box="[285,386,1182,1216]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Plants</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01DA7CE6EB3D7" box="[284,2099,1236,1272]" gridrow="15" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01DA7CE6EB3D7" box="[284,2099,1236,1272]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FED01DA7C72BB3D7" bold="true" box="[284,374,1236,1272]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Algae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01C72CE6EB20A" box="[284,2099,1281,1317]" gridrow="16" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01C72C42CB20A" box="[284,625,1281,1317]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE881C72C402B20A" box="[324,607,1281,1317]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Chaetomorpha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="linum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE881C72C402B20A" box="[324,607,1281,1317]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Chaetomorpha linum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1C72C2DBB20A" box="[947,1158,1281,1317]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1C72CE6EB20A" box="[1425,2099,1281,1317]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1C72C08DB20A" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1426,1744,1281,1317]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01C5DCE6EB27C" box="[284,2099,1326,1363]" gridrow="17" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01C5DC42CB27C" box="[284,625,1326,1363]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8F1C5DC449B27C" box="[323,532,1326,1363]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Cladophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8F1C5DC781B27C" box="[323,476,1326,1363]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Cladophora</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1C5DC2DBB27C" box="[947,1158,1326,1363]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1C5DCE6EB27C" box="[1425,2099,1326,1363]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1C5DC085B27C" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1425,1752,1326,1363]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1F9391C5DCE6EB27C" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1781,2099,1326,1363]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01C2ECE6EB2AE" box="[284,2099,1373,1409]" gridrow="18" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01C2EC42CB2AE" box="[284,625,1373,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE881C2EC462B2AE" box="[324,575,1373,1409]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Giffordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE881C2EC462B2AE" box="[324,575,1373,1409]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Giffordia virescens</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1C2EC2DBB2AE" box="[947,1158,1373,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">England</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1C2ECE6EB2AE" box="[1425,2099,1373,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1C2EC10DB2AE" author="Parke, M. & C. T. Dickinson" box="[1425,1872,1373,1409]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="171 - 172" refId="ref87381" refString="Parke, M., and C. T. Dickinson. 1947. Appendix [to Wilson 1947]. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 27: 171 - 172." type="journal article" year="1947">Parke and Dickinson (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01CF9CE6EB280" box="[284,2099,1418,1455]" gridrow="19" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01CF9C42CB280" box="[284,625,1418,1455]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8E1CF9C47AB280" box="[322,551,1418,1455]" class="Anthozoa" family="Exocoelactinidae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8E1CF9C7B3B280" box="[322,494,1418,1455]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Polysiphonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1CF9C2DBB280" box="[947,1158,1418,1455]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1CF9CE6EB280" box="[1425,2099,1418,1455]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1CF9C08DB280" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1426,1744,1418,1455]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01CCBCE6EB2F3" box="[284,2099,1464,1500]" gridrow="20" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01CCBC42CB2F3" box="[284,625,1464,1500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8D1CCBC449B2F3" box="[321,532,1464,1500]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sphacelariaceae" genus="Sphacelaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8D1CCBC787B2F3" box="[321,474,1464,1500]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Sphacelaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1CCBC2DBB2F3" box="[947,1158,1464,1500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1CCBCE6EB2F3" box="[1425,2099,1464,1500]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1CCBC085B2F3" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[1425,1752,1464,1500]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01C95CE6EB125" box="[284,2099,1510,1546]" gridrow="21" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01C95C42CB125" box="[284,625,1510,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8D1C95C7A5B125" box="[321,504,1510,1546]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sphacelariaceae" genus="Sphacelaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="tribuloides">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8D1C95C7A5B125" box="[321,504,1510,1546]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">S. tribuloides</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1C95C2DBB125" box="[947,1158,1510,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1C95CE6EB125" box="[1425,2099,1510,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1C95C08DB125" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1426,1744,1510,1546]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01F66CE6EB116" box="[284,2099,1557,1593]" gridrow="22" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01F66C42CB148" box="[284,625,1557,1639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">" green "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1F66C2DBB116" box="[947,1158,1557,1593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Seychelles</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1F66CE6EB116" box="[1425,2099,1557,1593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1F66C02DB116" author="Frazier, J." box="[1425,1648,1557,1593]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01F30CE6EB148" box="[284,2099,1603,1639]" gridrow="23" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1F30C2DBB148" box="[947,1158,1603,1639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1F30CE6EB148" box="[1425,2099,1603,1639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1F30C0D4B148" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1426,1673,1603,1639]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01F02CE6EB1B9" box="[284,2099,1649,1686]" gridrow="24" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01F02C42CB1B9" box="[284,625,1649,1686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">" red "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1F02C2DBB1B9" box="[947,1158,1649,1686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1F02CE6EB1B9" box="[1425,2099,1649,1686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5E1F02C0D4B1B9" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1426,1673,1649,1686]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01FD3CE6EB1EC" box="[284,2099,1696,1731]" gridrow="25" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDA004CFED01FD3C42CB1DE" box="[284,625,1696,1777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1FD3C2DBB1EC" box="[947,1158,1696,1731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1FD3CE6EB1EC" box="[1425,2099,1696,1731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1FD3C026B1EC" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1425,1659,1696,1731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">Bustard (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDA004CFED01FBECE6EB1DE" box="[284,2099,1741,1777]" gridrow="26" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFC7F1FBEC2DBB1DE" box="[947,1158,1741,1777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Greece</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDA004CFA5D1FBECE6EB1DE" box="[1425,2099,1741,1777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FA5D1FBEC08DB1DE" author="Frazier, J. & D. Margaritoulis & K. Muldoon & C. W. Potter & J. Rosewater & C. Ruckdeschel & S. Salas" box="[1425,1744,1741,1777]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="127 - 140" refId="ref74141" refString="Frazier, J., D. Margaritoulis, K. Muldoon, C. W. Potter, J. Rosewater, C. Ruckdeschel, and S. Salas. 1985. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. I. Bivalve and gastropod mollusks. Mar. Ecol. 6 (2): 127 - 140." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazier et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFDAFFF1FED01E69C551B0E0" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[284,2099,418,1777]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED01E69C4BDB015" blockId="66.[284,914,1818,1999]" box="[284,736,1818,1850]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
a Synonymous with
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FDFB1E69C4BDB015" box="[567,736,1818,1850]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FDFB1E69C485B015" box="[567,728,1818,1850]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Cladophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="undulatus">C. undulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED11E48C490B04E" blockId="66.[284,914,1818,1999]" box="[285,717,1851,1889]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
Synonymous with
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FDFA1E48C490B04E" box="[566,717,1851,1889]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FDFA1E48C49BB04E" box="[566,710,1851,1889]" class="Trematoda" family="Pachypsolidae" genus="Pachypsolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="irroratus">P. irroratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED01E16C5CFB0AA" blockId="66.[284,914,1818,1999]" box="[284,914,1893,1925]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
Synonymous with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FDFA1E16C5CFB0AA" authorityName="Braun" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[566,914,1893,1925]" class="Trematoda" family="Gorgoderidae" genus="Phyllodistomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cymbiforme">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FDFA1E16C5CFB0AA" box="[566,914,1893,1925]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Phyllodistomum cymbiforme</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED01EF5C7B5B083" blockId="66.[284,914,1818,1999]" box="[284,488,1926,1964]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
As
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE931EF5C7B5B083" box="[351,488,1926,1964]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">0. maggot.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FED01EDCC551B0E0" blockId="66.[284,914,1818,1999]" box="[284,780,1967,1999]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
e Turtle misidentified as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FDB11EDCC551B0E0" box="[637,780,1967,1999]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FDB11EDCC555B0E0" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[637,776,1967,1999]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">C. olivacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FEB0102FC50DBEAD" blockId="66.[380,848,2396,2485]" box="[380,848,2396,2434]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFDAFFF1FEB0102FC50DBEAD" box="[380,848,2396,2434]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">3.4 Nutrition and Growth</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FE0B10FCC49DBE9A" blockId="66.[380,848,2396,2485]" box="[455,704,2447,2485]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFDAFFF1FE0B10FCC49DBE9A" box="[455,704,2447,2485]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">3.4.1 Feeding</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF1FE881080C107BC69" blockId="66.[280,1225,2547,3037]" lastBlockId="66.[1276,2221,2095,2886]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
The loggerhead is primarily carnivorous, feeding on a wide variety of food items (section 3.4.2), especially molluscs. The broad head and substantial jaw muscles seem particularly well-adapted for crushing hard-shelled prey (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FEB313CFC4E0BDCC" author="Hendrickson, J. R." box="[383,701,2748,2787]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="597 - 608" refId="ref76690" refString="Hendrickson, J. R. 1980. The ecological strategies of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 597 - 608." type="journal article" year="1980">Hendrickson 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FD1213CFC252BDCC" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[734,1039,2748,2787]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
concluded that the anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of the loggerhead differed from a "general reptile" only by the cornified papillae in the esophagus. Hatchling loggerheads did not differ substantially from hatchlings of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FE8A12C5C4C3BCF2" box="[326,670,2998,3037]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE8A12C5C799BCF2" box="[326,452,2998,3037]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FE1112C5C4C8BCF2" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[477,661,2998,3037]" class="Testudines" family="Dermochelyidae" genus="Dermochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dermochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
or
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FD1712C5C5C6BCF2" box="[731,923,2998,3037]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FD1712C5C5C6BCF2" box="[731,923,2998,3037]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in the ratio of the intestine length to carapace length (IL: CL average value of 3.32) whereas the ratio was substantially smaller in adults and subadults compared with the herbivorous
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1FB3311B6C3F4BFC4" box="[1279,1449,2245,2283]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1FB3311B6C3DCBFC4" box="[1279,1409,2245,2283]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Chelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
—
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
IL:CL values of 8.55 vs. 12.6 and 13.9— (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1FAC71184C046BE31" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[1291,1563,2295,2334]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; summarized in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1F8F51184CE75BE31" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[1849,2088,2295,2334]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">Bjorndal 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). There are no studies indicating whether the loggerhead is an opportunistic feeder, or whether it selects certain prey in higher proportions than the prey occurs in the benthic fauna. Whether there is resource partitioning between other partially or wholly molluscivorous sea turtles, such as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDAFFF1F9C81356C165BD62" box="[1540,1848,2597,2637]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDAFFF1F9C81356C16EBD62" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" box="[1540,1843,2597,2637]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempii">Lepidochelys kempii</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
that spatially overlap the loggerhead's range is also unknown.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1F8021324C335BD9E" author="Hendrickson, J. R." pageId="66" pageNumber="60" pagination="597 - 608" refId="ref76690" refString="Hendrickson, J. R. 1980. The ecological strategies of sea turtles. Am. Zool. 20: 597 - 608." type="journal article" year="1980">Hendrickson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
speculated that there has been a twofold partitioning of resources (in terms of diet and spatial distribution) between the loggerhead and the ridley although no supporting data were supplied.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDAFFF0FAE812F7C7E5B26F" blockId="66.[1276,2217,2948,3039]" lastBlockId="67.[269,1214,348,1344]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="66" pageNumber="60">
|
||
|
|
While adult loggerheads are primarily bottom feeders, they will feed on jellyfish at the surface.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDAFFF1F85012C4CE3DBCF0" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1948,2144,2999,3039]" pageId="66" pageNumber="60" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FEDE182FC455B6AA" author="Rudloe, J." box="[274,520,348,389]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads swim among concentrations of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FDF418FCC4EEB699" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[568,691,399,438]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Physaliidae" genus="Physalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FDF418FCC4EEB699" box="[568,691,399,438]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">Physalia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
jellyfish feeding with their eyes closed to avoid the stinging cells. Even then, their eyes were red, puffy, and almost swollen shut. Hatchling and juvenile loggerheads also feed at the surface on macroplanktonic prey concentrated in drift lines (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FC3A1B2AC2F5B5AE" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1014,1192,601,641]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="352 - 356" refId="ref69138" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1987. The impact of nondegradable marine debris on the ecology and survival outlook of sea turtles. Mar. Pollut. Bull. " l 8 (6 B): 352 - 356." type="journal article" year="1987">Carr 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FEDF1BF8C553B59C" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[275,782,651,691]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that captive hatchlings appeared unable to dive; that is, they were positively buoyant (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FDA91B9CC209B438" author="Davenport, J. & W. Clough" box="[613,1108,751,791]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="53 - 57" refId="ref70612" refString="Davenport, J., and W. Clough. 1986. Swimming and diving in young loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta L.). Copeia 1986: 53 - 57." type="journal article" year="1986">Davenport and Clough 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), thus necessitating surface feeding.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FCEE1A51C727B454" author="Davenport, J. & W. Clough" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="786 - 788" refId="ref70577" refString="Davenport, J., and W. Clough. 1985. The use of limbscales or " pseudoclaws " in food handling by young loggerhead turtles. Copeia 1985: 786 - 788." type="journal article" year="1985">Davenport and Clough (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed that 50 g turtles from Cyprus were able to use pseudoclaws—modified pointed scales located on the anterior edge of the flipper—to handle food items. They did this by using the sharp row of scales as a saw to tear food held in the mouth. Small pieces of food adherent to the pseudoclaws were then eaten by turning the head in the appropriate direction. Some small loggerheads do not have these pseudoclaws, so their significance to the feeding ecology of the species is unknown.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FEF41C0EC5C3BF71" blockId="67.[267,1210,1405,2142]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FEF41C0EC441B28A" author="Layne, J. N." box="[312,540,1405,1445]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
observed that captive juvenile loggerheads readily bit off the legs ofhorseshoe crabs
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FBE81CDCC2E4B2F8" box="[1060,1209,1455,1495]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FBFC1CDCC2F0B2F8" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1072,1197,1455,1495]" class="Merostomata" family="Limulidae" genus="Limulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Xiphosurida" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Limulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
but were unable to crack the carapace of the crab despite vigorous shaking.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FDAD1F60C53CB115" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[609,865,1555,1594]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted the feeding behavior of captive adult sea turtles, but did not distinguish between
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FDF61F04C4FFB1B0" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[570,674,1655,1695]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FDF61F04C4FFB1B0" box="[570,674,1655,1695]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FD3B1F04C23FB1B0" box="[759,1122,1655,1695]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FD3B1F04C5D0B1B0" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" box="[759,909,1655,1695]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempii">L. kempii</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FC6F1F04C23FB1B0" box="[931,1122,1655,1695]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eretmochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FEC31FDAC7D6B1FE" box="[271,395,1705,1745]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FEC31FDAC7D6B1FE" box="[271,395,1705,1745]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">Chelonia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in making his observations. Only one adult used its flippers to help maneuver food into its mouth. Most turtles went directly for a food item, thrust their head straight forward, and snapped at the food. Food entered the mouth by opening the mouth while thrusting the head forward, perhaps creating a vacuum. The turtles frequently tilted their heads while feeding. Captive loggerheads crushed whole clams "with the greatest ease " (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FE411145C5D0BF71" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[397,909,2102,2142]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FE7B11BFC427BFDD" blockId="67.[439,634,2252,2290]" box="[439,634,2252,2290]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFDBFFF0FE7B11BFC427BFDD" box="[439,634,2252,2290]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">3.4.2 Food</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FEFF105CC25ABCF0" blockId="67.[266,1206,2351,3039]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
A summary of known loggerhead food items is presented in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFDBFFF0FE261012C4DCBEA7" box="[490,641,2401,2440]" captionStart="Table 28" captionStartId="68.[294,393,339,379]" captionTargetBox="[282,2226,476,3043]" captionText="Table 28. Food of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. A = adult, H = hatchling; J = juvenile and subadult; U" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683">Table 28</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Nearly all of their food consists of animal matter, mostly benthic invertebrates and coelenterates. Loggerheads also take algae on occasion, perhaps ingesting it while feeding on invertebrates. Various species of turtle grass also have been reported in the gut. Surprisingly, comprehensive lists of items in the diet are available only for hatchling, subadult, and adult loggerheads in Tongaland, South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FED6139CC44FBC37" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[282,530,2799,2840]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and for juveniles in Australia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FBF6139CC73CBC66" author="Moody, E. G." pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and the eastern Atlantic, particularly the Azores (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFDBFFF0FED51220C7EFBC54" box="[281,434,2899,2939]" captionStart="Table 28" captionStartId="68.[294,393,339,379]" captionTargetBox="[282,2226,476,3043]" captionText="Table 28. Food of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. A = adult, H = hatchling; J = juvenile and subadult; U" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683">Table 28</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Most other reports of food are from animals stranded far from nesting and feeding grounds, and were made incidental to reporting the stranding.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FAD01828C056B25D" blockId="67.[1262,2205,347,1394]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
Hatchling loggerheads probably feed on the macroplankton that accumulates in drift lines off the coasts and in the open ocean (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F97F18B2C12EB6C7" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1715,1907,449,488]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="352 - 356" refId="ref69138" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1987. The impact of nondegradable marine debris on the ecology and survival outlook of sea turtles. Mar. Pollut. Bull. " l 8 (6 B): 352 - 356." type="journal article" year="1987">Carr 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), but a detailed analysis of gut contents has been reported only by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0FB3E1B56C3A2B562" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1266,1535,549,589]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F9951B56C1A3B562" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1625,2046,549,589]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="366 - 368" refId="ref69252" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., and A. B. Meylan. 1980. Evidence of passive migration of green turtle hatchlings in sargassum. Copeia 1980: 366 - 368." type="journal article" year="1980">Carr and Meylan (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F7D61B56C337B5AF" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found jellyfish, algae, grit, feathers, bark, a piece of plastic sheet, and plastic beads in 37 hatchlings stranded on Cape Agulhas, South Africa.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F8351BCFC3BAB439" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. B. Meylan" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="366 - 368" refId="ref69252" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., and A. B. Meylan. 1980. Evidence of passive migration of green turtle hatchlings in sargassum. Copeia 1980: 366 - 368." type="journal article" year="1980">Carr and Meylan (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found food in 5 of 15 hatchlings stranded during a hurricane in Florida; these contained
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0F7CD1A53CEC1B467" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1820" box="[2049,2204,800,840]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0F7CD1A53CEC1B467" box="[2049,2204,800,840]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
floats and leaf parts, snails
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0F93A1A20CE1BB454" box="[1782,2118,851,891]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0F9331A20CE1BB454" authorityName="Rang" authorityYear="1829" box="[1791,2118,851,891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Litiopidae" genus="Litiopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanostoma">Litiopa melanostoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0FB221AF5C045B482" box="[1262,1560,902,941]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0FB221AF5C058B482" box="[1262,1541,902,941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cavoliniidae" genus="Diacria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trispinosa">Diacria trispinosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and fragments of crustacean appendages. Carr (personal communication) reported that terrestrial insects were found in the stomachs of small loggerheads off the coast of Georgia, but the species were not identified. The results of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F8DC1D23C307B384" author="Grassman, M. A. & D. W. Owens" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" pagination="965 - 969" refId="ref75865" refString="Grassman, M. A., and D. W. Owens. 1982. Development and extinction of food preferences in the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1982: 965 - 969." type="journal article" year="1982">Grassman and Owens (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
do not support the food imprinting hypothesis for hatchling loggerheads. While some preference is shown for certain types of food, in this case fish and pellets, the young readily fed on other types of food as they grew older.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FAD41CDCCEC8B01B" blockId="67.[1261,2206,1455,1844]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
From the contents listed in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFDBFFF0F9291CDCC1DDB2FA" box="[1765,1920,1455,1493]" captionStart="Table 28" captionStartId="68.[294,393,339,379]" captionTargetBox="[282,2226,476,3043]" captionText="Table 28. Food of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. A = adult, H = hatchling; J = juvenile and subadult; U" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683">Table 28</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
, it would appear that juvenile loggerheads are particularly fond of coelenterates. Most observations on juvenile gut contents occur from turtles captured in the Azores and Madeira, and it is unknown to what extent juvenile loggerheads in other parts of their range rely on jellyfish. It is likely that they also feed heavily on other forms of macroplankton that accumulate in pelagic drift lines.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFF0FAD91E02C3B4BEC2" blockId="67.[1255,2200,1905,2541]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
While subadult and adult loggerheads also feed on jellyfish, they are primarily feeders on a wide variety of benthic invertebrates (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFDBFFF0F9511EA7C160B0D4" box="[1693,1853,2004,2043]" captionStart="Table 28" captionStartId="68.[294,393,339,379]" captionTargetBox="[282,2226,476,3043]" captionText="Table 28. Food of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. A = adult, H = hatchling; J = juvenile and subadult; U" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683">Table 28</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads may exploit a regionally abundant prey. For instance, one of the preferred foods ofloggerheads in the southeastern United States is the horseshoe crab
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0F8BD111ACE48BFBE" box="[1905,2069,2153,2193]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0F8B1111ACE5CBFBE" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1917,2049,2153,2193]" class="Merostomata" family="Limulidae" genus="Limulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Xiphosurida" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Limulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
a very abundant species in this region but not found off other nesting grounds. The extent of regional specialization, if it indeed occurs, is unknown. Fish may be ingested intentionally, scavenged, or eaten incidentally to the intake ofjellyfish. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F9771011CECBBEA4" author="Schwartz, F. J. & D. S. Carter" box="[1723,2198,2402,2443]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref92131" refString="Schwartz, F. J., and D. S. Carter. 1984. Pipefish, Syngnathus louisianae, rejected as food by loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. ASB Bull. 31: 80 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1984">Schwartz and Carter (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that loggerheads rejected pipefish
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDBFFF0F85F10E7C30FBEC2" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDBFFF0F85010E7C31ABEC2" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1870" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Syngnathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="louisianae">Syngnathus louisianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
as food.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDBFFFBFADD1359C2F8BE1B" blockId="67.[1257,2198,2602,3040]" lastBlockId="72.[300,1252,1574,2356]" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="67" pageNumber="61">
|
||
|
|
All stages of loggerheads eat a variety of nonfood items that they apparently mistake for food. As early as 1886, Pouchet and de Guerne (1886, 1940) recorded birch bark, straw, cinders, cork, and wood chips in the guts of juvenile loggerheads from the Azores. Other items reported since then include pieces of plastic, Azores (Brongersma 19686); synthetic and other debris including plastic strips, bags, pieces of glass, sugar cane, bark, South Africa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDBFFF0F98712CAC11BBCCF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1611,1862,3001,3040]" pageId="67" pageNumber="61" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); plastic, rope, tar, onion, Balearic Islands (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFD291F55C5BEB162" author="Salvador, A." box="[741,995,1574,1613]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref90954" refString="Salvador, A. 1978. Materiales para una " herpetofauna Balearica ". 5. Las salamanquesas y tortugas del archipelago de Cabrera. Dofiana, Acta Vertebr. 5: 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1978">Salvador 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); plastic bags, Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFE1E1F2BC4E7B150" author="Rudloe, J." box="[466,698,1624,1663]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); paper, nylon thread, ball of thread, pieces of polyethylene, oil clots, transparent plastic, Madeira (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFDA31FCFC297B1CC" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[623,1226,1724,1763]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); iron bolt, monofilament line, weathered petroleum, plastic bottle, feathers, plastic champagne cork, glass, plastic pieces, nylon thread, United States (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFBCE1E27C296B054" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1026,1227,1876,1915]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref65294" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1985. Impact of ocean debris on marine turtles: entanglement and ingestion. Pages 387 - 429 in R. S. Shomura and H. O. Yoshida (eds.), Proceedings of the Workshop on the Fate and Impact ofMarine Debris, 26 - 29 November 1984, Honolulu, Hawaii. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC- 54." type="proceedings" year="1985">Balazs 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); plastic debris, plastic sheet, plastic bag, synthetic line, Japan (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFE0C1ECAC4FDB0F0" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[448,672,1977,2015]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref65294" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1985. Impact of ocean debris on marine turtles: entanglement and ingestion. Pages 387 - 429 in R. S. Shomura and H. O. Yoshida (eds.), Proceedings of the Workshop on the Fate and Impact ofMarine Debris, 26 - 29 November 1984, Honolulu, Hawaii. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC- 54." type="proceedings" year="1985">Balazs 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); pellets of tar, plastic beads, styrofoam, pelagic habitats (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFCD01E99C58DBF3E" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[796,976,2026,2065]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="352 - 356" refId="ref69138" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1987. The impact of nondegradable marine debris on the ecology and survival outlook of sea turtles. Mar. Pollut. Bull. " l 8 (6 B): 352 - 356." type="journal article" year="1987">Carr 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). It is clear that floating debris, particularly plastics and oil, forms a serious threat to sea turtles in their pelagic, developmental, feeding, and migratory habitats (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFC20110FC294BF8D" author="Balazs, G. H." box="[1004,1225,2172,2210]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref65294" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1985. Impact of ocean debris on marine turtles: entanglement and ingestion. Pages 387 - 429 in R. S. Shomura and H. O. Yoshida (eds.), Proceedings of the Workshop on the Fate and Impact ofMarine Debris, 26 - 29 November 1984, Honolulu, Hawaii. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC- 54." type="proceedings" year="1985">Balazs 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads will also eat human food scraps and fish remains from fishing trawlers (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFC8411AFC263BE2D" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[840,1086,2268,2306]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and fish processing houses (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFD4A107EC2CEBE1B" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel" box="[646,1171,2317,2356]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="213 - 215" refId="ref92581" refString="Shoop, C. R., and C. Ruckdeschel. 1982. Increasing turtle strandings in the southeast United States: a complicating factor. Biol. Conserv. 23: 213 - 215." type="journal article" year="1982">Shoop and Ruckdeschel 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" startId="68.[294,393,339,379]" targetBox="[282,2226,476,3043]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="68" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FEEA1820C3E5B683" blockId="68.[294,2235,339,428]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
Table 28.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE281820C588B654" box="[484,981,339,379]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Food of the loggerhead sea turtle,</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FC271820C2ACB654" authorityName="Not" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1003,1265,339,379]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FAC01820C3E5B683" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A = adult, H = hatchling; J = juvenile and subadult; U = unknown or not stated.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFDC004CFED618AFCEEFBCCC" box="[282,2226,476,3043]" colsContinueIn="69.[258,1812,427,3024]" gridcols="4" gridrows="52" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FEEB18AFC388BCF3" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED618AFCEEFB52F" box="[282,2226,476,512]" gridrow="0" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED618AFC4DAB52F" box="[282,647,476,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Item</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFD0118AFC5EDB52F" box="[717,944,476,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFBD618AFC28DB52F" box="[1050,1232,476,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Life Stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFB3918AFCEEFB52F" box="[1269,2226,476,512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61B43CEEFB57B" box="[282,2226,560,596]" gridrow="1" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61B43C4DAB5A4" box="[282,647,560,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEEA1B43C7F8B57D" bold="true" box="[294,421,560,594]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">General</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011B43C5EDB57B" box="[717,944,560,596]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61B43C28DB57B" box="[1050,1232,560,596]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391B43CEEFB57B" box="[1269,2226,560,596]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACA1B43C3E2B57B" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1286,1471,560,596]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FA111B43C125B57B" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1501,1912,560,596]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7F85A1B43CED1B57B" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[1942,2188,560,596]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">Bjorndal (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61B2DCEEFB5A4" box="[282,2226,606,651]" gridrow="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011B2DC5EDB5A4" box="[717,944,606,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61B2DC28DB5A4" box="[1050,1232,606,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE71B2CC260B5A4" bold="true" box="[1067,1085,607,651]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391B2DCEEFB5A4" box="[1269,2226,606,651]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FAC91B2DC042B5AD" author="Thompson, S. M." box="[1285,1567,606,642]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref94711" refString="Thompson, S. M. 1980. A comparative study of the anatomy and histology of the oral cavity and alimentary canal of two sea turtles: the herbivorous green turtle Chelonia mydas and the carnivorous loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (includes discussion of diet and digestive physiology). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1980">Thompson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61BFFCEEFB581" box="[282,2226,652,686]" gridrow="3" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61BFFCEEFB581" box="[282,2226,652,686]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEEA1BFFC7F1B581" bold="true" box="[294,428,652,686]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Porifera</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61BC9CEEFB5F1" box="[282,2226,698,734]" gridrow="4" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61BC9C4DAB5F1" box="[282,647,698,734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cliona celata</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011BC9C5EDB5F1" box="[717,944,698,734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">N. Atlantic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61BC9C28DB5F1" box="[1050,1232,698,734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391BC9CEEFB5F1" box="[1269,2226,698,734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACA1BC8C38BB5F1" author="Layne, J. N." box="[1286,1494,699,734]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61B9BCEEFB423" box="[282,2226,744,780]" gridrow="5" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61B9BC4DAB423" box="[282,647,744,780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE861B9BC7AAB425" box="[330,503,744,778]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE861B9BC7E2B425" box="[330,447,744,778]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Suberites</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011B9BC5EDB423" box="[717,944,744,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Adriatic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61B9BC28DB423" box="[1050,1232,744,780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391B9BCEEFB423" box="[1269,2226,744,780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACA1B9BC385B423" author="Steuer, A." box="[1286,1496,744,780]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="275 - 299" refId="ref93726" refString="Steuer, A. 1905. Uber das Kiemenfilter und die Nahrung adriatischer Fische. Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 55: 275 - 299." type="journal article" year="1905">Steuer (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61A66CEEFB415" box="[282,2226,789,826]" gridrow="6" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61A66C4DAB415" box="[282,647,789,826]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE821A66C466B417" authority="Adriatic" box="[334,571,789,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tethyida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lyncurium">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE821A66C466B417" box="[334,571,789,824]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Tethya lyncurium</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011A66C5EDB415" box="[717,944,789,826]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Adriatic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61A66C28DB415" box="[1050,1232,789,826]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE31A65C217B417" bold="true" box="[1071,1098,790,824]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391A66CEEFB415" box="[1269,2226,789,826]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACA1A65C385B415" author="Steuer, A." box="[1286,1496,790,826]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="275 - 299" refId="ref93726" refString="Steuer, A. 1905. Uber das Kiemenfilter und die Nahrung adriatischer Fische. Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 55: 275 - 299." type="journal article" year="1905">Steuer (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61A16CEEFB4A7" box="[282,2226,869,904]" gridrow="7" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61A16CEEFB4A7" box="[282,2226,869,904]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEE91A16C7EAB4A7" bold="true" box="[293,439,869,904]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cnidaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFE851AE7C05FB4EC" box="[329,1538,916,963]" gridrow="8" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61AE7C4DAB30C" box="[282,647,916,1059]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">Unidentified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011AE7C5EDB4EC" box="[717,944,916,963]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61AE7C28DB4EC" box="[1050,1232,916,963]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE51AE6C266B4EC" bold="true" box="[1065,1083,917,963]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391AE7CEEFB37C" box="[1269,2226,916,1107]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FAC81AE6C05FB495" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1284,1538,917,954]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FAC91AB7C3A6B4C5" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1285,1531,964,1002]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7F9D51AB7C15CB4C5" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1561,1793,964,1002]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACF1A87C16BB335" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1283,1846,1012,1050]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACF1D57C16BB365" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1283,1846,1060,1098]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61AB0CEEFB4C7" box="[282,2226,963,1000]" gridrow="9" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011AB0C5EDB4C7" box="[717,944,963,1000]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61AB0C28DB4C7" box="[1050,1232,963,1000]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE21AB7C214B4C7" bold="true" box="[1070,1097,964,1000]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">u</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61D20CEEFB3AC" box="[282,2226,1107,1155]" gridrow="11" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61D20C4DAB3AC" box="[282,647,1107,1155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Apolemia uvaria</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011D20C5EDB3AC" box="[717,944,1107,1155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61D20C28DB3AC" box="[1050,1232,1107,1155]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE41D27C266B3AC" bold="true" box="[1064,1083,1108,1155]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391D20CEEFB3AC" box="[1269,2226,1107,1155]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACF1D27C16BB355" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1283,1846,1108,1146]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61DF7CEEFB39C" box="[282,2226,1156,1203]" gridrow="12" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61DF7C4DAB39C" box="[282,647,1156,1203]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE851DF7C7F5B387" authorityName="C. Kenneth Dodd" authorityYear="1988" box="[329,424,1156,1192]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Cyaneidae" genus="Cyanea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="sp . nova">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE851DF7C7F5B387" box="[329,424,1156,1192]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cyanea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5926A64FFDCFFF7FE751DF7C7BCB387" box="[441,481,1156,1192]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011DF7C5EDB39C" box="[717,944,1156,1203]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61DF7C28DB39C" box="[1050,1232,1156,1203]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE41DF7C267B39C" bold="true" box="[1064,1082,1156,1203]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
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</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391DF7CEEFB39C" box="[1269,2226,1156,1203]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACF1DF7C05CB385" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1283,1537,1156,1194]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
||
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</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61DC0CEEFB3CC" box="[282,2226,1203,1251]" gridrow="13" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61DC0C4DAB23D" box="[282,647,1203,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Geryonia proboscidalis Pelagia noctiluca</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011DC0C5EDB3CC" box="[717,944,1203,1251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61DC0C28DB3CC" box="[1050,1232,1203,1251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBEB1DC7C264B3CC" bold="true" box="[1063,1081,1204,1251]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
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</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391DC0CEEFB3CC" box="[1269,2226,1203,1251]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACE1DC7C168B3F4" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1282,1845,1204,1243]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61D97CEEFB23D" box="[282,2226,1252,1298]" gridrow="14" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011D97C5EDB23D" box="[717,944,1252,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61D97C28DB23D" box="[1050,1232,1252,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBEB1D97C264B23D" bold="true" box="[1063,1081,1252,1298]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391D97CEEFB23D" box="[1269,2226,1252,1298]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACE1D97C168B225" author="Rhodin, A. G. J. & P. C. H. Pritchard & R. A. Mittermeier" box="[1282,1845,1252,1290]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="369 - 373" refId="ref89750" refString="Rhodin, A. G. J., P. C. H. Pritchard, and R. A. Mittermeier. 1984. The incidence of spinal deformities in marine turtles, with notes on the prevalence of kyphosis in Indonesian Chelonia mydas. Br. J. Herpetol. 6: 369 - 373." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61C62CEEFB215" box="[282,2226,1297,1338]" gridrow="15" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61C62C4DAB2BE" box="[282,647,1297,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE8B1C62C468B21B" authority="Not" authorityName="Not" box="[327,565,1297,1332]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Physaliidae" genus="Physalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="physalis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE8B1C62C468B21B" box="[327,565,1297,1332]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Physalia physalis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011C62C5EDB215" box="[717,944,1297,1338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Not specified</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61C62C28DB215" box="[1050,1232,1297,1338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE71C60C233B215" bold="true" box="[1067,1134,1299,1338]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A, J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391C62CEEFB215" box="[1269,2226,1297,1338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACE1C60C3A9B217" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1282,1524,1299,1336]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref65020" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1938. Field guide to New England turtles. New England Mus. Nat. Hist. Field Guides, Vol. 2, 56 pp." type="journal volume" year="1938">Babcock (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7F9DC1C60C18AB217" author="Wangersky, E. D. & C. E. Lane" box="[1552,2007,1299,1336]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="330 - 331" refId="ref95898" refString="Wangersky, E. D., and C. E. Lane. 1960. Interaction between the plasma of the loggerhead turtle and toxin of the Portugese man-of-war. Nature 185: 330 - 331." type="journal article" year="1960">Wangersky and Lane (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7F8381C60CEEFB217" author="Lane, C. E." box="[2036,2226,1299,1336]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="158 - 168" refId="ref81109" refString="Lane, C. E. 1960. The Portugese Man-of-War. Sei. Am. 202 (3): 158 - 168." type="journal article" year="1960">Lane (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61C4CCEEFB247" box="[282,2226,1343,1384]" gridrow="16" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011C4CC5EDB247" box="[717,944,1343,1384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61C4CC28DB247" box="[1050,1232,1343,1384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">H, J (?)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391C4CCEEFB247" box="[1269,2226,1343,1384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACE1C32C3A4B24B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1282,1529,1345,1380]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61C1ACEEFB2BE" box="[282,2226,1385,1425]" gridrow="17" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011C1AC5EDB2BE" box="[717,944,1385,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61C1AC28DB2BE" box="[1050,1232,1385,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE61C1AC21EB2A1" bold="true" box="[1066,1091,1385,1422]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391C1ACEEFB2BE" box="[1269,2226,1385,1425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACD1C1DC3BFB2BE" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1281,1506,1390,1425]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61CFCCEEFB293" box="[282,2226,1423,1468]" gridrow="18" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61CFCC4DAB293" box="[282,647,1423,1468]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE891CE9C7BCB293" box="[325,481,1434,1468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Porpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE891CE9C7F5B293" box="[325,424,1434,1468]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Porpita</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011CFCC5EDB293" box="[717,944,1423,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61CFCC28DB293" box="[1050,1232,1423,1468]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE61CFCC21EB294" bold="true" box="[1066,1091,1423,1467]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391CFCCEEFB2C3" box="[1269,2226,1423,1516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACE1CE8C3A4B290" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1282,1529,1435,1471]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACD1CBAC3AEB2C3" author="Murphy, R. C." box="[1281,1523,1481,1516]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref86131" refString="Murphy, R. C. 1914. Thallassochelys caretta in the South Atlantic. Copeia (2): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Murphy (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61CCFCEEFB2C3" box="[282,2226,1468,1516]" gridrow="19" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61CCFC4DAB2C3" box="[282,647,1468,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Velella velella</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011CCFC5EDB2C3" box="[717,944,1468,1516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Atlantic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61CCFC28DB2C3" box="[1050,1232,1468,1516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE61CCFC21EB2C7" bold="true" box="[1066,1091,1468,1512]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61C87CEEFB133" box="[282,2226,1524,1564]" gridrow="20" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61C87C4DAB133" box="[282,647,1524,1564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE871C87C457B13A" box="[331,522,1524,1557]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Virgularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE871C87C78CB13A" box="[331,465,1524,1557]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Virgularia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011C87C5EDB133" box="[717,944,1524,1564]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61C87C28DB133" box="[1050,1232,1524,1564]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U, J (?)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391C87CEEFB133" box="[1269,2226,1524,1564]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Plotkin (personal communication)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61F53CEEFB161" box="[282,2226,1568,1614]" gridrow="21" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61F53C4DAB161" box="[282,647,1568,1614]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">" fungid coral "</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011F53C5EDB161" box="[717,944,1568,1614]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61F53C28DB161" box="[1050,1232,1568,1614]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE81F50C26AB161" bold="true" box="[1060,1079,1571,1614]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391F53CEEFB161" box="[1269,2226,1568,1614]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACC1F50C3BDB169" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1280,1504,1571,1606]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61F1DCEEFB1BF" box="[282,2226,1646,1680]" gridrow="22" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61F1DCEEFB1BF" box="[282,2226,1646,1680]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FED21F1DC7E9B1BF" bold="true" box="[286,436,1646,1680]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Annelida</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61FEFCEEFB190" box="[282,2226,1692,1727]" gridrow="23" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61FEFCEEFB190" box="[282,2226,1692,1727]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FED31FEFC78FB190" box="[287,466,1692,1727]" class="Polychaeta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FED31FEFC78FB190" bold="true" box="[287,466,1692,1727]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Polychaeta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61FB9CEEFB1DF" box="[282,2226,1738,1776]" gridrow="24" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61FB9C4DAB1DF" box="[282,647,1738,1776]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE8A1FB9C7A4B1C3" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[326,505,1738,1772]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE8A1FB9C7A4B1C3" box="[326,505,1738,1772]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Chloeia flava</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011FB9C5EDB1DF" box="[717,944,1738,1776]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391FB9CEEFB1DF" box="[1269,2226,1738,1776]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FACC1FBEC072B1DF" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1280,1583,1741,1776]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61E66CEEFB018" box="[282,2226,1813,1847]" gridrow="25" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61E66CEEFB018" box="[282,2226,1813,1847]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FED21E66C7ECB018" bold="true" box="[286,433,1813,1847]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Mollusca</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61E30CEEFB046" box="[282,2226,1859,1897]" gridrow="26" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61E30C4DAB046" box="[282,647,1859,1897]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011E30C5EDB046" box="[717,944,1859,1897]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391E30CEEFB046" box="[1269,2226,1859,1897]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB321E36C063B046" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1278,1598,1861,1897]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61E03CEEFB0BB" box="[282,2226,1904,1940]" gridrow="27" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61E03CEEFB0BB" box="[282,2226,1904,1940]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FED21E03C7A9B0BB" bold="true" box="[286,500,1904,1940]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cephalopoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61EECCEEFB0E0" box="[282,2226,1951,1999]" gridrow="28" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61EECC4DAB0DB" box="[282,647,1951,2036]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011EECC5EDB0E0" box="[717,944,1951,1999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61EECC28DB0E0" box="[1050,1232,1951,1999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391EECCEEFB0E0" box="[1269,2226,1951,1999]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB311ED2C3B1B0E9" author="Richard, J." box="[1277,1516,1953,1990]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref89856" refString="Richard, J. 1934. Liste generale des stations des campagnes scientifiques du Prince Albert de Monaco. Res. Camp. Sei. Albert Ier de Monaco 89: 1 - 348." type="journal article" year="1934">Richard (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61EBECEEFB0DB" box="[282,2226,1997,2036]" gridrow="29" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011EBEC5EDB0DB" box="[717,944,1997,2036]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61EBEC28DB0DB" box="[1050,1232,1997,2036]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391EBECEEFB0DB" box="[1269,2226,1997,2036]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB311EA3C3A9B0DB" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1277,1524,2000,2036]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61E88CEEFBF05" box="[282,2226,2043,2090]" gridrow="30" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61E88C4DABF05" box="[282,647,2043,2090]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Chaunoteuthis mollis</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011E88C5EDBF05" box="[717,944,2043,2090]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61E88C28DBF05" box="[1050,1232,2043,2090]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391E88CEEFBF05" box="[1269,2226,2043,2090]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB301E8DC173BF0B" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1276,1838,2046,2084]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61159CEEFBF76" box="[282,2226,2090,2137]" gridrow="31" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61159C4DABF76" box="[282,647,2090,2137]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF61159C7E5BF61" authority="Japatella" authorityName="Japatella" box="[314,440,2090,2126]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Onychoteuthidae" genus="Chaunoteuthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Oegopsida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF61159C7E5BF61" box="[314,440,2090,2126]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Japatella</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011159C5EDBF76" box="[717,944,2090,2137]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61159C28DBF76" box="[1050,1232,2090,2137]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391159CEEFBF9A" box="[1269,2226,2090,2229]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB37115EC173BF7C" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1275,1838,2093,2131]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB301128C3B7BF50" author="Richard, J." box="[1276,1514,2139,2175]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref89856" refString="Richard, J. 1934. Liste generale des stations des campagnes scientifiques du Prince Albert de Monaco. Res. Camp. Sei. Albert Ier de Monaco 89: 1 - 348." type="journal article" year="1934">Richard (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6112BCEEFBFA7" box="[282,2226,2136,2184]" gridrow="32" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6112BC4DABFA7" box="[282,647,2136,2184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE8C112BC7BCBF55" box="[320,481,2136,2170]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Leachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE8C112BC7F4BF55" box="[320,425,2136,2170]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Leachia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01112BC5EDBFA7" box="[717,944,2136,2184]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6112BC28DBFA7" box="[1050,1232,2136,2184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED611F4CEEFBF9A" box="[282,2226,2183,2229]" gridrow="33" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED611F4C4DABF9A" box="[282,647,2183,2229]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Onychoteuthis banksi</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0111F4C5EDBF9A" box="[717,944,2183,2229]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD611F4C28DBF9A" box="[1050,1232,2183,2229]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED611A8CEEFBFF4" box="[282,2226,2267,2267]" gridrow="34" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3911F4CEEFBFF4" box="[1269,2226,2183,2267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3711FAC3A7BF82" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1275,1530,2185,2221]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3711C4C3AEBFF4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1275,1523,2231,2267]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61192CEEFBE27" box="[282,2226,2273,2312]" gridrow="35" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61192C4DABE27" box="[282,647,2273,2312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE881192C405BE2C" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[324,600,2273,2307]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Ommastrephidae" genus="Todarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Oegopsida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sagittatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE881192C405BE2C" box="[324,600,2273,2307]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Todarodes sagittatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011192C5EDBE27" box="[717,944,2273,2312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Baleares Is.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61192C28DBE27" box="[1050,1232,2273,2312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBD31197C26FBE3F" bold="true" box="[1055,1074,2276,2320]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391192CEEFBE27" box="[1269,2226,2273,2312]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Salavador (1978)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6107DCEEFBE1D" box="[282,2226,2318,2354]" gridrow="36" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6107DCEEFBE1D" box="[282,2226,2318,2354]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FED6107DC78BBE1D" box="[282,470,2318,2354]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FED6107DC78BBE1D" bold="true" box="[282,470,2318,2354]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Gastropoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6104FCEEFBE4C" box="[282,2226,2364,2403]" gridrow="37" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6104FC4DABE4C" box="[282,647,2364,2403]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF1104FC7C9BE71" box="[317,404,2364,2398]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Action</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01104FC5EDBE4C" box="[717,944,2364,2403]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6104FC28DBE4C" box="[1050,1232,2364,2403]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39104FCEEFBE4C" box="[1269,2226,2364,2403]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB37104CC3AFBE4C" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1275,1522,2367,2403]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6101ACEEFBEBF" box="[282,2226,2409,2448]" gridrow="38" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6101AC4DABEBF" box="[282,647,2409,2448]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Anachis moleculina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01101AC5EDBEBF" box="[717,944,2409,2448]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6101AC28DBEBF" box="[1050,1232,2409,2448]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39101ACEEFBEBF" box="[1269,2226,2409,2448]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB35101FC3A9BEBF" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1273,1524,2412,2448]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED610E5CEEFBE92" box="[282,2226,2454,2493]" gridrow="39" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED610E5C4DABE92" box="[282,647,2454,2493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF010E5C7C2BE97" box="[316,415,2454,2488]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Anitica</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0110E5C5EDBE92" box="[717,944,2454,2493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD610E5C28DBE92" box="[1050,1232,2454,2493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3910E5CEEFBE92" box="[1269,2226,2454,2493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3510E9C3ACBE92" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1273,1521,2458,2493]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED610B7CEEFBEC4" box="[282,2226,2500,2539]" gridrow="40" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED610B7C4DABEC4" box="[282,647,2500,2539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Astrea andersoni</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0110B7C5EDBEC4" box="[717,944,2500,2539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD610B7C28DBEC4" box="[1050,1232,2500,2539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3910B7CEEFBEC4" box="[1269,2226,2500,2539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3510B4C3ADBEC4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1273,1520,2503,2539]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61082CEEFBD38" box="[282,2226,2545,2583]" gridrow="41" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61082C4DABD38" box="[282,647,2545,2583]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Babylonia crumenoides</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011082C5EDBD38" box="[717,944,2545,2583]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61082C28DBD38" box="[1050,1232,2545,2583]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391082CEEFBD38" box="[1269,2226,2545,2583]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB361087C3ADBD38" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1274,1520,2548,2583]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6136DCEEFBD63" box="[282,2226,2590,2636]" gridrow="42" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6136DC4DABD63" box="[282,647,2590,2636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF1136DC783BD10" box="[317,478,2590,2623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Bittium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF1136DC7F8BD10" box="[317,421,2590,2623]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Bittium</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01136DC5EDBD63" box="[717,944,2590,2636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6136DC28DBD63" box="[1050,1232,2590,2636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39136DCEEFBD63" box="[1269,2226,2590,2636]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB351351C385BD6A" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1273,1496,2594,2629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61338CEEFBD5D" box="[282,2226,2635,2674]" gridrow="43" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED61338C4DABD5D" box="[282,647,2635,2674]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Bufonaria crumenoides</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011338C5EDBD5D" box="[717,944,2635,2674]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61338C28DBD5D" box="[1050,1232,2635,2674]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391338CEEFBD5D" box="[1269,2226,2635,2674]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB34133CC3B2BD5D" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1272,1519,2639,2674]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6130BCEEFBDB1" box="[282,2226,2680,2718]" gridrow="44" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6130BC4DABDB1" box="[282,647,2680,2718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF0130BC45CBDB7" authorityName="G.B.Sowerby Iii" authorityYear="1897" box="[316,513,2680,2712]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Bullia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="similus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF0130BC45CBDB7" box="[316,513,2680,2712]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Bullia similus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01130BC5EDBDB1" box="[717,944,2680,2718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6130BC28DBDB1" box="[1050,1232,2680,2718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39130BCEEFBDB1" box="[1269,2226,2680,2718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB341308C3B2BDB1" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1272,1519,2683,2718]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED613D6CEEFBDE4" box="[282,2226,2725,2763]" gridrow="45" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED613D6C4DABDE4" box="[282,647,2725,2763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Bursa granularis</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0113D6C5EDBDE4" box="[717,944,2725,2763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD613D6C28DBDE4" box="[1050,1232,2725,2763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3913D6CEEFBDE4" box="[1269,2226,2725,2763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3413DBC3B2BDE4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1272,1519,2728,2763]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED613A2CEEFBC2F" box="[282,2226,2769,2816]" gridrow="46" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED613A2C4DABC2F" box="[282,647,2769,2816]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF213A2C410BDDC" baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[318,589,2769,2803]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cavoliniidae" genus="Cavolinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF213A2C410BDDC" box="[318,589,2769,2803]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cavolinia tridentata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0113A2C5EDBC2F" box="[717,944,2769,2816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD613A2C28DBC2F" box="[1050,1232,2769,2816]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3913A2CEEFBC2F" box="[1269,2226,2769,2816]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3B13A5C04DBDD6" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1271,1552,2774,2809]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
A)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED61273CEEFBC02" box="[282,2226,2816,2861]" gridrow="47" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011273C5EDBC02" box="[717,944,2816,2861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61273C28DBC02" box="[1050,1232,2816,2861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB391273CEEFBC02" box="[1269,2226,2816,2861]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3A1271C175BC08" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1270,1832,2818,2855]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6125FCEEFBC75" box="[282,2226,2860,2906]" gridrow="48" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6125FC4DABC75" box="[282,647,2860,2906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF11258C40ABC64" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[317,599,2859,2891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF11258C40ABC64" box="[317,599,2859,2891]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Cerithium echinatum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01125FC5EDBC75" box="[717,944,2860,2906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6125FC28DBC75" box="[1050,1232,2860,2906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39125FCEEFBCA8" box="[1269,2226,2860,2951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="49" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB39125FCEEFBC75" box="[1269,2226,2860,2906]" gridcol="3" gridrow="48" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3A125CC388BC7D" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1270,1493,2863,2898]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED6122BCEEFBCA8" box="[282,2226,2904,2951]" gridrow="49" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED6122BC4DABCA8" box="[282,647,2904,2951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">C. tenuifilosum</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD01122BC5EDBCA8" box="[717,944,2904,2951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD6122BC28DBCA8" box="[1050,1232,2904,2951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3A122EC388BCAF" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1270,1493,2909,2944]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED612F4CEEFBC82" box="[282,2226,2951,2989]" gridrow="50" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED612F4C4DABC82" box="[282,647,2951,2989]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Charonia lampas</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0112F4C5EDBC82" box="[717,944,2951,2989]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD612F4C28DBC82" box="[1050,1232,2951,2989]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBD212FAC265BC86" bold="true" box="[1054,1080,2953,2985]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3912F4CEEFBC82" box="[1269,2226,2951,2989]" gridcol="3" gridrow="50" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3A12F9C3B0BC82" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1270,1517,2954,2989]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFED612C7CEEFBCCC" box="[282,2226,2996,3043]" gridrow="51" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDC004CFED612C7C4DABCCC" box="[282,647,2996,3043]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF012C7C4DABCF8" baseAuthorityName="Born" baseAuthorityYear="1780" box="[316,647,2996,3031]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Chrysostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="paradoxum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF012C7C4DABCF8" box="[316,647,2996,3031]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Chrysostoma paradoxum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD0112C7C5EDBCCC" box="[717,944,2996,3043]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD612C7C28DBCCC" box="[1050,1232,2996,3043]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFB3912C7CEEFBCCC" box="[1269,2226,2996,3043]" gridcol="3" gridrow="51" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDCFFF7FB3912CBC388BCF3" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1269,1493,3000,3036]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FD171A87C53DB338" box="[731,864,1012,1047]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDC004CFBE51A9AC16BB30C" box="[1065,1846,1001,1059]" gridrow="10" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFD011A9AC5EDB30C" box="[717,944,1001,1059]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FBE51A9AC266B30C" box="[1065,1083,1001,1059]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDC004CFBD61A9AC28DB30C" box="[1050,1232,1001,1059]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE51A9AC266B30C" bold="true" box="[1065,1083,1001,1059]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FE8A1D50C266B37C" box="[326,1083,1059,1107]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FE8A1D50C7B5B366" box="[326,488,1059,1097]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Agalmatidae" genus="Agalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FE8A1D50C7F2B366" box="[326,431,1059,1097]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Agalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(?) Madeira
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FBE51D57C266B37C" bold="true" box="[1065,1083,1060,1107]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FEF311C7C787BFF8" box="[319,474,2228,2263]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDCFFF7FEF311C7C7FCBFF8" authority="Spirula" authorityName="Spirula" box="[319,417,2228,2263]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Onychoteuthidae" genus="Onychoteuthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Oegopsida" pageId="68" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="banksi">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDCFFF7FEF311C7C7FCBFF8" box="[319,417,2228,2263]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">Spirula</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FD1F11C6C53DBFF8" box="[723,864,2229,2263]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">S. Africa</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDCFFF7FBE811C4C260BFF8" box="[1060,1085,2231,2263]" pageId="68" pageNumber="62">A</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFDDFFF6FEC4182AC435B654" box="[264,616,344,381]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" startId="69.[264,362,345,381]" targetBox="[258,1812,427,3024]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="69">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDDFFF6FEC4182AC435B654" blockId="69.[264,616,344,381]" box="[264,616,344,381]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
Table 28.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FE06182BC435B654" box="[458,616,344,379]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Continued.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDDFFF6FEC518C3C052BCFF" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFDD004CFECE18D8C149BCFF" box="[258,1812,427,3024]" colsContinueFrom="68.[282,2226,476,3043]" colsContinueIn="70.[301,2075,412,3020]" gridcols="4" gridrows="56" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE18D8C149B6FF" box="[258,1812,427,464]" gridrow="0" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE18D8C431B6FF" box="[258,620,427,464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Item</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFD7518D8C585B6FF" box="[697,984,427,464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA18D8C2F3B6FF" box="[1030,1198,427,464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Life Stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C18D8C149B6FF" box="[1248,1812,427,464]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE188AC149B50A" box="[258,1812,505,549]" gridrow="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE188AC431B50A" box="[258,620,505,549]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE21B70C7E5B50A" box="[302,440,515,549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Conidae" genus="Conus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE21B70C7DDB50A" box="[302,384,515,549]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Conus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75188AC585B50A" box="[697,984,505,549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA188AC2F3B50A" box="[1030,1198,505,549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C188AC149B50A" box="[1248,1812,505,549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB29188AC381B50E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1500,505,545]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1B5EC149B57A" box="[258,1812,557,597]" gridrow="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1B5EC431B57A" box="[258,620,557,597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE21B42C463B57A" baseAuthorityName="W. Wood" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[302,574,561,597]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cymatiidae" genus="Cymatium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="labiosum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE21B42C463B57A" box="[302,574,561,597]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Cymatium labiosum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751B5EC585B57A" box="[697,984,557,597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1B5EC2F3B57A" box="[1030,1198,557,597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1B5EC149B57A" box="[1248,1812,557,597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291B5EC381B57F" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1500,557,592]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1B28C149B5A6" box="[258,1812,603,649]" gridrow="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1B28C431B5A6" box="[258,620,603,649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE21B2CC41BB5AC" baseAuthorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[302,582,607,643]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Cymbiolacca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE21B2CC41BB5AC" box="[302,582,607,643]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Cymbiolacca pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751B28C585B5A6" box="[697,984,603,649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1B28C2F3B5A6" box="[1030,1198,603,649]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC61B2EC241B5A6" bold="true" box="[1034,1052,605,649]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1B28C149B5A6" box="[1248,1812,603,649]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291B28C39EB5AE" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1253,1475,603,641]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1BF9C149B597" box="[258,1812,650,696]" gridrow="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1BF9C431B597" box="[258,620,650,696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE21BFDC78CB59B" box="[302,465,654,692]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Cypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE21BFDC7C5B59B" box="[302,408,654,692]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Cypraea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751BF9C585B597" box="[697,984,650,696]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1BF9C2F3B597" box="[1030,1198,650,696]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC61BFFC241B597" bold="true" box="[1034,1052,652,696]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1BF9C149B5F4" box="[1248,1812,650,731]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291BF9C39EB582" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1253,1475,650,685]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281BC4C036B5F5" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1252,1643,695,730]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="366 - 368" refId="ref69252" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., and A. B. Meylan. 1980. Evidence of passive migration of green turtle hatchlings in sargassum. Copeia 1980: 366 - 368." type="journal article" year="1980">Carr and Meylan (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1BCAC149B5F4" box="[258,1812,697,731]" gridrow="5" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1BCAC431B423" box="[258,620,697,780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01BCFC79BB423" authority="Dupliclaria" authorityName="Dupliclaria" class="Gastropoda" family="Cavoliniidae" genus="Diacria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trispinosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01BCFC47FB5F1" box="[300,546,700,734]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Diacria trispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01B99C79BB423" box="[300,454,746,780]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Dupliclaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751BCAC585B5F4" box="[697,984,697,731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1BCAC2F3B5F4" box="[1030,1198,697,731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBDC1BCAC276B5F5" bold="true" box="[1040,1067,697,730]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">H</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1BAFC149B423" box="[258,1812,732,780]" gridrow="6" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751BAFC585B423" box="[697,984,732,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1BAFC2F3B423" box="[1030,1198,732,780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1BAFC149B423" box="[1248,1812,732,780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291B95C386B426" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,742,777]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1A7BC149B417" box="[258,1812,776,824]" gridrow="7" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1A7BC431B449" box="[258,620,776,870]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01A6BC79CB415" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[300,449,792,826]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ficus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01A6BC79CB415" box="[300,449,792,826]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Ficus ficus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01A35C47CB449" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[300,545,838,870]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subintermedius">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01A35C47CB449" box="[300,545,838,870]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">F. subintermedius</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751A7BC585B417" box="[697,984,776,824]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1A7BC2F3B417" box="[1030,1198,776,824]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1A7BC149B417" box="[1248,1812,776,824]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291A67C386B418" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,788,823]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1A4BC149B449" box="[258,1812,824,870]" gridrow="8" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751A4BC585B449" box="[697,984,824,870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1A4BC2F3B449" box="[1030,1198,824,870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1A4BC149B449" box="[1248,1812,824,870]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291A32C386B44A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,833,869]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1A17C149B4BD" box="[258,1812,868,914]" gridrow="9" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1A17C431B4EB" box="[258,620,868,964]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE21A00C473B4B9" baseAuthorityName="G.B.Sowerby Iii" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[302,558,883,918]" class="Bivalvia" family="Hiatellidae" genus="Glycimeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Adapedonta" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="queketti">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE21A00C473B4B9" box="[302,558,883,918]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Glycimeris queketti</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01AD1C449B4EB" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[300,532,930,964]" class="Gastropoda" family="Harpidae" genus="Harpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amouretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01AD1C449B4EB" box="[300,532,930,964]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Harpa amouretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751A17C585B4BD" box="[697,984,868,914]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1A17C2F3B4BD" box="[1030,1198,868,914]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1A17C149B4BD" box="[1248,1812,868,914]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291A1CC386B4BD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,879,914]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1AE1C149B4EB" box="[258,1812,914,964]" gridrow="10" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751AE1C585B4EB" box="[697,984,914,964]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1AE1C2F3B4EB" box="[1030,1198,914,964]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1AE1C149B4EB" box="[1248,1812,914,964]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291AEEC386B4EF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,925,960]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1AB3C149B4C1" box="[258,1812,960,1006]" gridrow="11" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1AB3C431B30F" box="[258,620,960,1056]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01AA3C794B4DF" authorityName="Röding" authorityYear="1798" box="[300,457,976,1008]" class="Gastropoda" family="Harpidae" genus="Harpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davidus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01AA3C794B4DF" box="[300,457,976,1008]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">H. davidus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE71A8EC7EDB30F" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[299,432,1021,1056]" class="Gastropoda" family="Harpidae" genus="Harpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE71A8EC7EDB30F" box="[299,432,1021,1056]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">H. major</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751AB3C585B4C1" box="[697,984,960,1006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1AB3C2F3B4C1" box="[1030,1198,960,1006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1AB3C149B4C1" box="[1248,1812,960,1006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291AB8C386B4C1" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,971,1006]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1A9DC149B30F" box="[258,1812,1006,1056]" gridrow="12" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751A9DC585B30F" box="[697,984,1006,1056]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1A9DC2F3B30F" box="[1030,1198,1006,1056]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1A9DC149B30F" box="[1248,1812,1006,1056]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB291A8AC386B333" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1253,1499,1017,1052]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1D6FC149B361" box="[258,1812,1052,1102]" gridrow="13" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1D6FC431B361" box="[258,620,1052,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE71D58C47AB361" box="[299,551,1067,1102]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cavoliniidae" genus="Hyalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE71D58C47AB361" box="[299,551,1067,1102]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Hyalaea tridentata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751D6FC585B361" box="[697,984,1052,1102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1D6FC2F3B361" box="[1030,1198,1052,1102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1D6FC149B361" box="[1248,1812,1052,1102]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Pouchet and de Guerne (1886)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1D26C149B3AB" box="[258,1812,1109,1156]" gridrow="14" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1D26C431B3AB" box="[258,620,1109,1156]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE71D29C457B352" authorityName="W. Thompson" authorityYear="1840" box="[299,522,1114,1149]" class="Gastropoda" family="Epitoniidae" genus="Ianthina" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE71D29C457B352" box="[299,522,1114,1149]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Ianthina pallida</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751D26C585B3AB" box="[697,984,1109,1156]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1D26C2F3B3AB" box="[1030,1198,1109,1156]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC51D2BC246B3AB" bold="true" box="[1033,1051,1112,1156]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1D26C149B3AB" box="[1248,1812,1109,1156]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1D26C149B356" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1251,1812,1109,1145]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1DF6C149B39C" box="[258,1812,1157,1203]" gridrow="15" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1DF6C431B3F1" box="[258,620,1157,1246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE81DFBC440B383" box="[292,541,1160,1196]" class="Gastropoda" family="Epitoniidae" genus="Janthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="janthina">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE81DFBC440B383" box="[292,541,1160,1196]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Janthina janthina</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751DF6C585B39C" box="[697,984,1157,1203]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1DF6C2F3B39C" box="[1030,1198,1157,1203]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC51DF5C247B39C" bold="true" box="[1033,1050,1158,1203]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1DF6C149B39C" box="[1248,1812,1157,1203]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281DF6C38DB387" author="Richard, J." box="[1252,1488,1157,1192]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref89856" refString="Richard, J. 1934. Liste generale des stations des campagnes scientifiques du Prince Albert de Monaco. Res. Camp. Sei. Albert Ier de Monaco 89: 1 - 348." type="journal article" year="1934">Richard (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1DC7C149B3F1" box="[258,1812,1204,1246]" gridrow="16" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751DC7C585B3F1" box="[697,984,1204,1246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1DC7C2F3B3F1" box="[1030,1198,1204,1246]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC21DC7C2D1B3F1" bold="true" box="[1038,1164,1204,1246]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">H, J (?)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1DC7C149B3F1" box="[1248,1812,1204,1246]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281DC7C387B3F8" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1204,1239]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1D91C149B222" box="[258,1812,1250,1293]" gridrow="17" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1D91C431B222" box="[258,620,1250,1293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE81D95C7BDB226" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1822" box="[292,480,1254,1289]" class="Gastropoda" family="Epitoniidae" genus="Janthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prolongata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE81D95C7BDB226" box="[292,480,1254,1289]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J. prolongata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751D91C585B222" box="[697,984,1250,1293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1D91C2F3B222" box="[1030,1198,1250,1293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC51D90C20EB222" bold="true" box="[1033,1107,1251,1293]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J (?)</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1D91C149B222" box="[1248,1812,1250,1293]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281D91C387B22A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1250,1285]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1C7CC149B212" box="[258,1812,1295,1341]" gridrow="18" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1C7CC431B212" box="[258,620,1295,1341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61C60C7B2B21C" baseAuthorityName="Forbes" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[298,495,1299,1331]" class="Gastropoda" family="Austrosiphonidae" genus="Kelletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kelleti">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61C60C7B2B21C" box="[298,495,1299,1331]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Kelletia kelleti</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751C7CC585B212" box="[697,984,1295,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Gulf of California</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1C7CC2F3B212" box="[1030,1198,1295,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC51C62C247B212" bold="true" box="[1033,1050,1297,1341]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1C7CC149B212" box="[1248,1812,1295,1341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1C7CC387B21D" author="Caldwell, D. K." box="[1251,1498,1295,1330]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="568 - 569" refId="ref68607" refString="Caldwell, D. K. 1963. Second record of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta gigas, from the Gulfof California. Copeia 1963: 568 - 569." type="journal article" year="1963">Caldwell (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1C4EC149B24D" box="[258,1812,1341,1378]" gridrow="19" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1C4EC431B24D" box="[258,620,1341,1378]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61C33C44BB24D" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby III" authorityYear="1894" box="[298,534,1344,1378]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abnormis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61C33C44BB24D" box="[298,534,1344,1378]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Latirus abnormis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1C4EC2F3B24D" box="[1030,1198,1341,1378]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1C4EC149B24D" box="[1248,1812,1341,1378]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281C4EC387B24F" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1341,1376]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFEE61C13C387B2BE" box="[298,1498,1376,1425]" gridrow="20" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1C13C431B2BE" box="[258,620,1376,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61C1DC45AB2BE" authority="Jragilis" authorityName="Jragilis" box="[298,519,1390,1425]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Limaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61C1DC45AB2BE" box="[298,519,1390,1425]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Limaria fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751C4EC585B2BE" box="[697,984,1341,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751C4EC585B24D" box="[697,984,1341,1378]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
S. Africa
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1C13C2F3B2BE" box="[1030,1198,1376,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFEE61CFDC037B291" box="[298,1642,1422,1470]" gridrow="21" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1CFDC431B291" box="[258,620,1422,1470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61CEFC41AB291" authorityName="Rang" authorityYear="1829" box="[298,583,1436,1470]" class="Gastropoda" family="Litiopidae" genus="Litiopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanostoma">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61CEFC41AB291" box="[298,583,1436,1470]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Litiopa melanostoma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751CFDC585B291" box="[697,984,1422,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1CFDC2F3B291" box="[1030,1198,1422,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1C13C149B291" box="[1248,1812,1376,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1C13C149B2BE" box="[1248,1812,1376,1425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281C18C387B2A1" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1387,1422]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1CEBC037B294" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1251,1642,1432,1467]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="366 - 368" refId="ref69252" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., and A. B. Meylan. 1980. Evidence of passive migration of green turtle hatchlings in sargassum. Copeia 1980: 366 - 368." type="journal article" year="1980">Carr and Meylan (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1CB4C149B2DB" box="[258,1812,1479,1524]" gridrow="22" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1CB4C431B2DB" box="[258,620,1479,1524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61CB9C443B2C3" baseAuthorityName="Perry" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[298,542,1482,1516]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Lophiotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acuta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61CB9C443B2C3" box="[298,542,1482,1516]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Lophiotoma acuta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751CB4C585B2DB" box="[697,984,1479,1524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1CB4C2F3B2DB" box="[1030,1198,1479,1524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC51CBBC246B2DB" bold="true" box="[1033,1051,1480,1524]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1CB4C149B2DB" box="[1248,1812,1479,1524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1CB4C39FB2C4" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1251,1474,1479,1515]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1C86C149B134" box="[258,1812,1525,1563]" gridrow="23" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1C86C431B134" box="[258,620,1525,1563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61C84C44EB134" baseAuthorityName="E.A.Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[298,531,1527,1563]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsonbyii">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61C84C44EB134" box="[298,531,1527,1563]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Lyria ponsonbyii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751C86C585B134" box="[697,984,1525,1563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1C86C2F3B134" box="[1030,1198,1525,1563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1C86C149B134" box="[1248,1812,1525,1563]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281C86C387B137" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1525,1560]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1F64C149B167" box="[258,1812,1559,1608]" gridrow="24" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1F64C431B167" box="[258,620,1559,1608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE41F56C462B167" authorityName="Hinds" authorityYear="1844" box="[296,575,1573,1608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Marginellidae" genus="Marginella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pipenata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE41F56C462B167" box="[296,575,1573,1608]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Marginella pipenata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751F64C585B167" box="[697,984,1559,1608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1F64C2F3B167" box="[1030,1198,1559,1608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1F64C149B167" box="[1248,1812,1559,1608]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281F50C387B169" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1571,1606]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1F36C149B18B" box="[1248,1812,1605,1700]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281F22C387B15B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1617,1652]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB281F0CC387B18D" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1252,1498,1663,1698]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1F36C149B159" box="[258,1812,1605,1654]" gridrow="25" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1F06C149B18B" box="[258,1812,1653,1700]" gridrow="26" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1F36C431B18B" box="[258,620,1605,1700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1F36C431B159" box="[258,620,1605,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE41F20C468B159" baseAuthorityName="Perry" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[296,565,1619,1654]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cymatiidae" genus="Mayena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australasia">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE41F20C468B159" box="[296,565,1619,1654]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Mayena australasia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE41FF1C78EB18B" authority="Jalax" authorityName="Jalax" box="[296,467,1666,1700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE41FF1C78EB18B" box="[296,467,1666,1700]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Murex Jalax</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751F36C585B18B" box="[697,984,1605,1700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751F36C585B159" box="[697,984,1605,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
S. Africa
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1F36C2F3B18B" box="[1030,1198,1605,1700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1F36C2F3B159" box="[1030,1198,1605,1654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
A
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1FD2C149B1FF" box="[258,1812,1697,1744]" gridrow="27" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1FD2C431B1FF" box="[258,620,1697,1744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51FDCC401B1E0" baseAuthorityName="Dunker" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[297,604,1711,1743]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Nassarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kraussianus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51FDCC401B1E0" box="[297,604,1711,1743]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Nassarius kraussianus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751FD2C585B1FF" box="[697,984,1697,1744]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1FD2C2F3B1FF" box="[1030,1198,1697,1744]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1FD2C149B1FF" box="[1248,1812,1697,1744]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1FDEC384B1FF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1251,1497,1709,1744]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1FA3C149B1D1" box="[258,1812,1744,1790]" gridrow="28" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1FA3C431B1D1" box="[258,620,1744,1790]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE61FAEC450B1D1" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1822" box="[298,525,1757,1790]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Nalica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE61FAEC450B1D1" box="[298,525,1757,1790]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Nalica duplicata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751FA3C585B1D1" box="[697,984,1744,1790]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">N. Jersey</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1FA3C2F3B1D1" box="[1030,1198,1744,1790]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1FA3C149B1D1" box="[1248,1812,1744,1790]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1FA9C3E6B1D3" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[1251,1467,1754,1788]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref73113" refString="Fowler, H. W. 1914. The food of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Copeia (3): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Fowler (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1E7BC149B01B" box="[258,1812,1800,1844]" gridrow="29" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1E7BC431B01B" box="[258,620,1800,1844]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51E79C7A0B003" authorityName="Récluz" authorityYear="1844" box="[297,509,1802,1836]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Nalica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gualtieriana">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51E79C7A0B003" box="[297,509,1802,1836]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">N. gualtieriana</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751E7BC585B01B" box="[697,984,1800,1844]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1E7BC2F3B01B" box="[1030,1198,1800,1844]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC41E7AC247B01B" bold="true" box="[1032,1050,1801,1844]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1E7BC149B01B" box="[1248,1812,1800,1844]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E1E7BC39CB004" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1473,1800,1835]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1E46C149B04E" box="[258,1812,1845,1889]" gridrow="30" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1E46C431B04E" box="[258,620,1845,1889]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51E44C7C4B078" baseAuthorityName="Röding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[297,409,1847,1879]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Nalica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onca">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51E44C7C4B078" box="[297,409,1847,1879]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">N. onca</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751E46C585B04E" box="[697,984,1845,1889]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1E46C2F3B04E" box="[1030,1198,1845,1889]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBC41E45C247B04E" bold="true" box="[1032,1050,1846,1889]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1E46C149B04E" box="[1248,1812,1845,1889]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E1E46C39CB077" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1473,1845,1880]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1E11C149B0AA" box="[258,1812,1890,1925]" gridrow="31" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1E11C431B0AA" box="[258,620,1890,1925]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51E17C7A2B0AB" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[297,511,1892,1924]" class="Bivalvia" family="Margaritidae" genus="Pintada" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51E17C7A2B0AB" box="[297,511,1892,1924]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Pintada radiata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751E11C585B0AA" box="[697,984,1890,1925]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1E11C2F3B0AA" box="[1030,1198,1890,1925]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1E11C149B0AA" box="[1248,1812,1890,1925]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1E11C384B0AA" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1251,1497,1890,1925]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1EF6C149B09D" box="[258,1812,1925,1970]" gridrow="32" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1EF6C431B0CF" box="[258,620,1925,2016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51EE2C440B09C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[297,541,1937,1971]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Polinices" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albumen">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51EE2C440B09C" box="[297,541,1937,1971]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Polinices albumen</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51ECDC7E4B0CF" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[297,441,1982,2016]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Polinices" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didyma">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51ECDC7E4B0CF" box="[297,441,1982,2016]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">P. didyma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751EF6C585B09D" box="[697,984,1925,1970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1EF6C2F3B09D" box="[1030,1198,1925,1970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1EF6C149B09D" box="[1248,1812,1925,1970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1EFCC04CB09D" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1251,1553,1935,1970]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1EC1C149B0CF" box="[258,1812,1970,2016]" gridrow="33" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751EC1C585B0CF" box="[697,984,1970,2016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1EC1C2F3B0CF" box="[1030,1198,1970,2016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1EC1C149B0CF" box="[1248,1812,1970,2016]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2F1ECEC384B0CF" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1251,1497,1981,2016]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1E99C149BF38" box="[258,1812,2026,2071]" gridrow="34" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1E99C431BF38" box="[258,620,2026,2071]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51E9FC45CBF22" box="[297,513,2028,2061]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pterotracheidae" genus="Pterotrachea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51E9FC795BF22" box="[297,456,2028,2061]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Pterotrachea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751E99C585BF38" box="[697,984,2026,2071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1E99C2F3BF38" box="[1030,1198,2026,2071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCB1E98C244BF38" bold="true" box="[1031,1049,2027,2071]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1E99C149BF38" box="[1248,1812,2026,2071]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D1E99C14FBF23" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1249,1810,2026,2060]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE116BC149BF6B" box="[258,1812,2072,2116]" gridrow="35" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE116BC431BF6B" box="[258,620,2072,2116]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE5116AC7BBBF14" box="[297,486,2073,2107]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Pupa nitidula</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75116BC585BF6B" box="[697,984,2072,2116]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA116BC2F3BF6B" box="[1030,1198,2072,2116]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCB116BC244BF6B" bold="true" box="[1031,1049,2072,2116]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C116BC149BF6B" box="[1248,1812,2072,2116]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E116BC39CBF15" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1473,2072,2106]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1136C149BF46" box="[258,1812,2117,2153]" gridrow="36" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1136C431BF46" box="[258,620,2117,2153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51135C470BF46" baseAuthorityName="Born" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[297,557,2118,2153]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Rapana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rapiformis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51135C470BF46" box="[297,557,2118,2153]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Rapana rapiformis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751136C585BF46" box="[697,984,2117,2153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1136C2F3BF46" box="[1030,1198,2117,2153]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1136C149BF46" box="[1248,1812,2117,2153]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E1136C385BF47" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1250,1496,2117,2152]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1100C149BF8F" box="[258,1812,2163,2208]" gridrow="37" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1100C431BF8F" box="[258,620,2163,2208]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE51107C446BFB9" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[297,539,2164,2198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Rhinoclavis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="apser">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE51107C446BFB9" box="[297,539,2164,2198]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Rhinoclavis apser</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751100C585BF8F" box="[697,984,2163,2208]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1100C2F3BF8F" box="[1030,1198,2163,2208]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCB1107C244BF8F" bold="true" box="[1031,1049,2164,2208]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1100C149BF8F" box="[1248,1812,2163,2208]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E1100C39DBFB9" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1472,2163,2198]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE11D2C149BFE1" box="[258,1812,2209,2254]" gridrow="38" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE11D2C431BFE1" box="[258,620,2209,2254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE411D0C786BFEA" baseAuthorityName="Bruguière" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[296,475,2211,2245]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Rhinoclavis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE411D0C786BFEA" box="[296,475,2211,2245]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">R. fasciatum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7511D2C585BFE1" box="[697,984,2209,2254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA11D2C2F3BFE1" box="[1030,1198,2209,2254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCB11D1C244BFE1" bold="true" box="[1031,1049,2210,2254]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C11D2C149BFE1" box="[1248,1812,2209,2254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E11D2C39DBFEA" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1472,2209,2245]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE11BCC149BFD3" box="[258,1812,2255,2300]" gridrow="39" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE11BCC431BFD3" box="[258,620,2255,2300]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE411A2C79ABFDD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[296,455,2257,2290]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Rhinoclavis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertagus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE411A2C79ABFDD" box="[296,455,2257,2290]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">R. vertagus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7511BCC585BFD3" box="[697,984,2255,2300]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA11BCC2F3BFD3" box="[1030,1198,2255,2300]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCB11A3C244BFD3" bold="true" box="[1031,1049,2256,2300]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C11BCC149BFD3" box="[1248,1812,2255,2300]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E11BCC3E2BFDC" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1250,1471,2255,2291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE118EC149BE0E" box="[258,1812,2301,2337]" gridrow="40" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE118EC431BE0E" box="[258,620,2301,2337]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE4118DC786BE0F" box="[296,475,2302,2336]" class="Gastropoda" family="Strombidae" genus="Strombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE4118DC7FEBE0F" box="[296,419,2302,2336]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Strombus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75118EC585BE0E" box="[697,984,2301,2337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA118EC2F3BE0E" box="[1030,1198,2301,2337]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C118EC149BE0E" box="[1248,1812,2301,2337]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D118DC3C0BE0E" author="True, F. B." box="[1249,1437,2302,2337]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref94884" refString="True, F. B. 1884. The useful aquatic reptiles and batrachians. Part II of Sec. I. Pages 137 - 162 in The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish., Govt. Print. Off., Washington, DC." type="book" year="1884">True (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1052C149BE61" box="[258,1812,2337,2382]" gridrow="41" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1052C431BE61" box="[258,620,2337,2382]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE4105FC78EBE61" authorityName="J.E.Gray" authorityYear="1833" box="[296,467,2348,2382]" class="Gastropoda" family="Strombidae" genus="Strombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="campbelli">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE4105FC78EBE61" box="[296,467,2348,2382]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. campbelli</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751052C585BE61" box="[697,984,2337,2382]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1052C2F3BE61" box="[1030,1198,2337,2382]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1052C149BE61" box="[1248,1812,2337,2382]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E105FC04DBE61" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1250,1552,2348,2382]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE103EC149BE53" box="[258,1812,2381,2428]" gridrow="42" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE103EC431BE53" box="[258,620,2381,2428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE41029C7A8BE53" box="[296,501,2394,2428]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Strombus gigas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75103EC585BE53" box="[697,984,2381,2428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Not specific</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA103EC2F3BE53" box="[1030,1198,2381,2428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C103EC149BE53" box="[1248,1812,2381,2428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D102AC38CBE53" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1249,1489,2393,2428]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref65020" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1938. Field guide to New England turtles. New England Mus. Nat. Hist. Field Guides, Vol. 2, 56 pp." type="journal volume" year="1938">Babcock (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE10F4C149BE9C" box="[258,1812,2439,2483]" gridrow="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE10F4C431BE9C" box="[258,620,2439,2483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE410F4C786BE85" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[296,475,2439,2474]" class="Gastropoda" family="Strombidae" genus="Strombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gibberulus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE410F4C786BE85" box="[296,475,2439,2474]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. gibberulus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7510F4C585BE9C" box="[697,984,2439,2483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA10F4C2F3BE9C" box="[1030,1198,2439,2483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCA10F4C245BE9C" bold="true" box="[1030,1048,2439,2483]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C10F4C149BE9C" box="[1248,1812,2439,2483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D10F4C3E2BE84" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1249,1471,2439,2475]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE10C7C149BEF7" box="[258,1812,2484,2520]" gridrow="44" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE10C7C431BEF7" box="[258,620,2484,2520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE010C6C45ABEF8" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[300,519,2485,2519]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tonnidae" genus="Tonna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="variegata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE010C6C45ABEF8" box="[300,519,2485,2519]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Tonna variegata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7510C7C585BEF7" box="[697,984,2484,2520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA10C7C2F3BEF7" box="[1030,1198,2484,2520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C10C7C149BEF7" box="[1248,1812,2484,2520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E10C6C38ABEF7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1250,1495,2485,2520]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1091C149BD20" box="[258,1812,2530,2575]" gridrow="45" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1091C431BD20" box="[258,620,2530,2575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01090C791BD2A" box="[300,460,2531,2565]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Trochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01090C7C8BD2A" box="[300,405,2531,2565]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Trochus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751091C585BD20" box="[697,984,2530,2575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1091C2F3BD20" box="[1030,1198,2530,2575]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCA1090C245BD20" bold="true" box="[1030,1048,2531,2575]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1091C149BD20" box="[1248,1812,2530,2575]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D1090C3E2BD2A" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1249,1471,2531,2565]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1363C149BD13" box="[258,1812,2576,2620]" gridrow="46" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1363C431BD13" box="[258,620,2576,2620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE01362C7ADBD1E" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[300,496,2577,2609]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bruneus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE01362C7ADBD1E" box="[300,496,2577,2609]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Turbo bruneus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751363C585BD13" box="[697,984,2576,2620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1363C2F3BD13" box="[1030,1198,2576,2620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCA1362C245BD13" bold="true" box="[1030,1048,2577,2620]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1363C149BD13" box="[1248,1812,2576,2620]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D1362C3E2BD1C" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1249,1471,2577,2611]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE134DC149BD45" box="[258,1812,2622,2666]" gridrow="47" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE134DC431BD45" box="[258,620,2622,2666]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE0134DC7A6BD4E" baseAuthorityName="Iredale" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[300,507,2622,2657]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perspeciosus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE0134DC7A6BD4E" box="[300,507,2622,2657]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">T. perspeciosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75134DC585BD45" box="[697,984,2622,2666]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA134DC2F3BD45" box="[1030,1198,2622,2666]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCA134CC245BD45" bold="true" box="[1030,1048,2623,2666]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C134DC149BD45" box="[1248,1812,2622,2666]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D134CC3E2BD4E" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1249,1471,2623,2657]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE131FC149BDB7" box="[258,1812,2668,2712]" gridrow="48" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE131FC431BDB7" box="[258,620,2668,2712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE7131FC419BDA3" box="[299,580,2668,2700]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Umbanium vestarius</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75131FC585BDB7" box="[697,984,2668,2712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA131FC2F3BDB7" box="[1030,1198,2668,2712]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FBCA131FC24ABDB7" bold="true" box="[1030,1047,2668,2712]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C131FC149BDB7" box="[1248,1812,2668,2712]" gridcol="3" gridrow="48" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2C131FC3E2BDBF" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1248,1471,2668,2704]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE13EAC149BD93" box="[258,1812,2713,2748]" gridrow="49" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE13EAC431BD93" box="[258,620,2713,2748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE013E9C431BD93" baseAuthorityName="Bruguiere" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[300,620,2714,2748]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Vepricardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="asiaticum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE013E9C431BD93" box="[300,620,2714,2748]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Vepricardium asiaticum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7513EAC585BD93" box="[697,984,2713,2748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA13EAC2F3BD93" box="[1030,1198,2713,2748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C13EAC149BDC3" box="[1248,1812,2713,2796]" gridcol="3" gridrow="49" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D13E9C38ABD92" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1249,1495,2714,2749]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2C13BBC042BDC3" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1248,1567,2760,2796]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE13CFC149BDC3" box="[258,1812,2748,2796]" gridrow="50" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE13CFC431BDC3" box="[258,620,2748,2796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE913BBC78EBDC5" box="[293,467,2760,2794]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Xancus rapa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7513CFC585BDC3" box="[697,984,2748,2796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA13CFC2F3BDC3" box="[1030,1198,2748,2796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1399C149BC35" box="[258,1812,2794,2842]" gridrow="51" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1399C431BC35" box="[258,620,2794,2842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEEA1385C451BC37" baseAuthorityName="Donovan" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[294,524,2806,2840]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Zidona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dufresnei">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEEA1385C451BC37" box="[294,524,2806,2840]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Zidona dufresnei</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751399C585BC35" box="[697,984,2794,2842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1399C2F3BC35" box="[1030,1198,2794,2842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1399C149BC35" box="[1248,1812,2794,2842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="51" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2C1385C387BC36" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1248,1498,2806,2841]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1250C149BC68" box="[258,1812,2851,2887]" gridrow="52" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1250C149BC68" box="[258,1812,2851,2887]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="52" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FECE1250C7E0BC68" bold="true" box="[258,445,2851,2887]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Pelycepoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE1221C149BC5A" box="[258,1812,2898,2933]" gridrow="53" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE1221C431BC5A" box="[258,620,2898,2933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD751221C585BC5A" box="[697,984,2898,2933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA1221C2F3BC5A" box="[1030,1198,2898,2933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C1221C149BC5A" box="[1248,1812,2898,2933]" gridcol="3" gridrow="53" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D1221C042BC5A" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1249,1567,2898,2933]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE120CC149BC8D" box="[258,1812,2943,2978]" gridrow="54" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE120CC431BC8D" box="[258,620,2943,2978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="54" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEEA120CC7E8BC8E" box="[294,437,2943,2977]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pinnidae" genus="Atrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEEA120CC720BC8E" box="[294,381,2943,2977]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Atrina</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD75120CC585BC8D" box="[697,984,2943,2978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="54" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA120CC2F3BC8D" box="[1030,1198,2943,2978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="54" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C120CC149BC8D" box="[1248,1812,2943,2978]" gridcol="3" gridrow="54" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2E12F3C052BC8D" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1250,1551,2944,2978]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDD004CFECE12DEC149BCFF" box="[258,1812,2989,3024]" gridrow="55" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDD004CFECE12DEC431BCFF" box="[258,620,2989,3024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="55" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDDFFF6FEE612DEC47EBCE0" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[298,547,2989,3023]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Callista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="planatella">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDDFFF6FEE612DEC47EBCE0" box="[298,547,2989,3023]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">Callista planatella</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFD7512DEC585BCFF" box="[697,984,2989,3024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="55" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFBCA12DEC2F3BCFF" box="[1030,1198,2989,3024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="55" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDD004CFB2C12DEC149BCFF" box="[1248,1812,2989,3024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="55" pageId="69" pageNumber="63">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDDFFF6FB2D12DDC052BCFF" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1249,1551,2990,3024]" pageId="69" pageNumber="63" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFDEFFF5FEE01839C4D2B641" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFDEFFF5FEE01839C4D2B641" box="[300,655,330,366]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFDEFFF5FEE01839C4D2B641" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" startId="70.[300,399,330,366]" targetBox="[301,2075,412,3020]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="70" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDEFFF5FEE01839C4D2B641" blockId="70.[300,655,330,366]" box="[300,655,330,366]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
Table 28.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE231839C4D2B641" box="[495,655,330,366]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Continued.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDEFFF5FEE118EFC174BCE4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFDE004CFEE118EFCE46BCE3" box="[301,2075,412,3020]" colsContinueFrom="69.[258,1812,427,3024]" colsContinueIn="71.[263,1826,402,3010]" gridcols="4" gridrows="54" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE118EFCE46B6EE" box="[301,2075,412,449]" gridrow="0" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE118EFC4C4B6EE" box="[301,665,412,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Item</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFD2818EFC5E2B6EE" box="[740,959,412,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE18EFC28AB6EE" box="[1074,1239,412,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Life Stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFAC118EFCE46B6EE" box="[1293,2075,412,449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11885CE46B536" box="[301,2075,502,537]" gridrow="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11885C4C4B536" box="[301,665,502,537]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Circe sulcata</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281885C5E2B536" box="[740,959,502,537]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1885C28AB536" box="[1074,1239,502,537]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11885CE46B536" box="[1293,2075,502,537]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21885C062B539" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1294,1599,502,534]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11B52CE46B567" box="[301,2075,545,584]" gridrow="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11B52C4C4B567" box="[301,665,545,584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9D1B55C453B567" box="[337,526,550,584]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Dardanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9D1B55C78BB567" box="[337,470,550,584]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Dardanus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281B52C5E2B567" box="[740,959,545,584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Aldabra</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1B52C28AB567" box="[1074,1239,545,584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFE1B50C219B57E" bold="true" box="[1074,1092,547,593]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11B52CE46B567" box="[1293,2075,545,584]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC11B52C3B0B56A" author="Frazier, J." box="[1293,1517,545,581]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11B23CE46B559" box="[301,2075,592,630]" gridrow="3" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11B23C4C4B559" box="[301,665,592,630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Eucrassatella pulchra</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281B23C5E2B559" box="[740,959,592,630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1B23C28AB559" box="[1074,1239,592,630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFA1B21C20DB55B" bold="true" box="[1078,1104,594,628]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11B23CE46B559" box="[1293,2075,592,630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21B23C063B55B" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1294,1598,592,628]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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||
|
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</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11B0CCE46B582" box="[301,2075,639,685]" gridrow="4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11B0CC4C4B582" box="[301,665,639,685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Fragum fragum</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281B0CC5E2B582" box="[740,959,639,685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1B0CC28AB582" box="[1074,1239,639,685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFE1BF2C218B582" bold="true" box="[1074,1093,641,685]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11B0CCE46B582" box="[1293,2075,639,685]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21B0CC3B3B58A" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1294,1518,639,677]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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||
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|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11BDECE46B5FE" box="[301,2075,685,721]" gridrow="5" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11BDEC4C4B5FE" box="[301,665,685,721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1BC2C7B4B5FE" box="[338,489,689,721]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retusum">F. retusum</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281BDEC5E2B5FE" box="[740,959,685,721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1BDEC28AB5FE" box="[1074,1239,685,721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFB1BDCC20DB5E0" bold="true" box="[1079,1104,687,719]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11BDECE46B5FE" box="[1293,2075,685,721]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21BDEC062B5FF" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1294,1599,685,720]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11BA8CE46B42E" box="[301,2075,731,769]" gridrow="6" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11BA8C4C4B42E" box="[301,665,731,769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1BACC45DB42E" box="[338,512,735,769]" class="Bivalvia" family="Gryphaeidae" genus="Hyotissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1BACC79AB42E" box="[338,455,735,769]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Hyotissa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281BA8C5E2B42E" box="[740,959,731,769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1BA8C28AB42E" box="[1074,1239,731,769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFB1BAEC20DB5D2" bold="true" box="[1079,1104,733,765]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11BA8CE46B42E" box="[1293,2075,731,769]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31BA8C062B5D2" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1295,1599,731,765]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11A7ACE46B41D" box="[301,2075,777,818]" gridrow="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11A7AC4C4B41D" box="[301,665,777,818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Mactra janueriensis</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281A7AC5E2B41D" box="[740,959,777,818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1A7AC28AB41D" box="[1074,1239,777,818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF41A78C209B402" bold="true" box="[1080,1108,779,813]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">U</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11A7ACE46B41D" box="[1293,2075,777,818]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21A7AC057B403" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1294,1546,777,812]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11A44CE46B472" box="[301,2075,823,861]" gridrow="8" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11A44C4C4B472" box="[301,665,823,861]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Megacardita incrassata</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281A44C5E2B472" box="[740,959,823,861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1A44C28AB472" box="[1074,1239,823,861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFB1A4AC20CB476" bold="true" box="[1079,1105,825,857]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11A44CE46B472" box="[1293,2075,823,861]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31A44C062B475" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1295,1599,823,858]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11A16CE46B4A4" box="[301,2075,869,907]" gridrow="9" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11A16C4C4B4A4" box="[301,665,869,907]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Paphia sulcosa</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281A16C5E2B4A4" box="[740,959,869,907]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1A16C28AB4A4" box="[1074,1239,869,907]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFB1A14C20CB4A8" bold="true" box="[1079,1105,871,903]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11A16CE46B4A4" box="[1293,2075,869,907]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31A16C062B4A7" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1295,1599,869,904]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11AE7CE46B496" box="[301,2075,916,953]" gridrow="10" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11AE7C4C4B496" box="[301,665,916,953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1AEBC780B496" box="[338,477,920,953]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" genus="Pecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1AEBC7F9B496" box="[338,420,920,953]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Pecten</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281AE7C5E2B496" box="[740,959,916,953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1AE7C28AB496" box="[1074,1239,916,953]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF41AE5C20CB499" bold="true" box="[1080,1105,918,950]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11AE7CE46B496" box="[1293,2075,916,953]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31AE7C05AB497" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1295,1543,916,952]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11AB0CE46B4C7" box="[301,2075,963,1000]" gridrow="11" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11AB0C4C4B4C7" box="[301,665,963,1000]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Perna perna</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281AB0C5E2B4C7" box="[740,959,963,1000]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1AB0C28AB4C7" box="[1074,1239,963,1000]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11AB0CE46B4C7" box="[1293,2075,963,1000]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1AB0C05AB4C9" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1296,1543,963,998]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11A82CE46B335" box="[301,2075,1009,1050]" gridrow="12" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11A82C4C4B335" box="[301,665,1009,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Pinctada vulgaris</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281A82C5E2B335" box="[740,959,1009,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1A82C28AB335" box="[1074,1239,1009,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A(?)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11A82CE46B335" box="[1293,2075,1009,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31A82C00DB33A" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1295,1616,1009,1045]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref71371" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1953. A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Ceylon Natl. Mus. Publ., Colombo, Ceylon, 101 pp." type="book" year="1953">Deraniyagala (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11D6CCE46B369" box="[301,2075,1055,1094]" gridrow="13" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11D6CC4C4B369" box="[301,665,1055,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9F1D51C42DB36A" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[339,624,1058,1093]" class="Bivalvia" family="Tellinidae" genus="Pinguitellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robusta">Pinguitellina robusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281D6CC5E2B369" box="[740,959,1055,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1D6CC28AB369" box="[1074,1239,1055,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81D52C21BB360" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1057,1103]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11D6CCE46B369" box="[1293,2075,1055,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31D6CC3B2B369" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1295,1519,1055,1094]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11D3DCE46B35B" box="[301,2075,1102,1140]" gridrow="14" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11D3DC4C4B35B" box="[301,665,1102,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1D21C786B35B" box="[338,475,1106,1140]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pinnidae" genus="Pinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1D21C7FFB35B" box="[338,418,1106,1140]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Pinna</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281D3DC5E2B35B" box="[740,959,1102,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1D3DC28AB35B" box="[1074,1239,1102,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11D3DCE46B35B" box="[1293,2075,1102,1140]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1D3DC05AB35B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1296,1543,1102,1140]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11D0ECE46B38D" box="[301,2075,1149,1186]" gridrow="15" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11D0EC4C4B38D" box="[301,665,1149,1186]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Psammobia vespertina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281D0EC5E2B38D" box="[740,959,1149,1186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Canary Is.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1D0EC28AB38D" box="[1074,1239,1149,1186]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81D0DC21BB383" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1150,1196]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11D0ECE46B38D" box="[1293,2075,1149,1186]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Brongersma (19686)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11DD8CE46B3FE" box="[301,2075,1195,1233]" gridrow="16" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11DD8C4C4B3FE" box="[301,665,1195,1233]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Tapes lileratus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281DD8C5E2B3FE" box="[740,959,1195,1233]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1DD8C28AB3FE" box="[1074,1239,1195,1233]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11DD8CE46B3FE" box="[1293,2075,1195,1233]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31DD8C01CB3E0" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1295,1601,1195,1231]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11DA9CE46B3D0" box="[301,2075,1242,1279]" gridrow="17" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11DA9C4C4B3D0" box="[301,665,1242,1279]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9A1DAEC7B3B3D0" box="[342,494,1245,1279]" class="Bivalvia" family="Tellinidae" genus="Tellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9A1DAEC7E8B3D0" box="[342,437,1245,1279]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Tellina</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281DA9C5E2B3D0" box="[740,959,1242,1279]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1DA9C28AB3D0" box="[1074,1239,1242,1279]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81DA8C21BB226" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1243,1289]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11DA9CE46B3D0" box="[1293,2075,1242,1279]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31DA9C3B2B3D1" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1295,1519,1242,1278]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11C7BCE46B202" box="[301,2075,1288,1325]" gridrow="18" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11C7BC4C4B202" box="[301,665,1288,1325]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9A1C78C45AB202" box="[342,519,1291,1325]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Timoclea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9A1C78C792B202" box="[342,463,1291,1325]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Timoclea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281C7BC5E2B202" box="[740,959,1288,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1C7BC28AB202" box="[1074,1239,1288,1325]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF41C79C20CB205" bold="true" box="[1080,1105,1290,1322]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11C7BCE46B202" box="[1293,2075,1288,1325]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1C7BC01CB203" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1296,1601,1288,1324]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11C45CE46B274" box="[301,2075,1334,1371]" gridrow="19" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11C45C4C4B274" box="[301,665,1334,1371]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Tridacna chametrachae</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281C45C5E2B274" box="[740,959,1334,1371]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1C45C28AB274" box="[1074,1239,1334,1371]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF41C4BC20FB275" bold="true" box="[1080,1106,1336,1370]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11C45CE46B274" box="[1293,2075,1334,1371]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1C45C05AB275" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1296,1543,1334,1370]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5F9E81C45C153B275" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1572,1806,1334,1370]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11C16CE46B2A4" box="[301,2075,1381,1419]" gridrow="20" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11C16C4C4B2A4" box="[301,665,1381,1419]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">T. jossor</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281C16C5E2B2A4" box="[740,959,1381,1419]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1C16C28AB2A4" box="[1074,1239,1381,1419]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF41C14C20CB2A8" bold="true" box="[1080,1105,1383,1415]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11C16CE46B2A4" box="[1293,2075,1381,1419]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31C16C3A4B2A6" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1295,1529,1381,1417]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">Bustard (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11CE0CE46B2ED" box="[301,2075,1427,1474]" gridrow="21" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11CE0C4C4B2ED" box="[301,665,1427,1474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9A1CE5C7ACB297" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[342,497,1430,1464]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Timoclea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maxima">T. maxima</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281CE0C5E2B2ED" box="[740,959,1427,1474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1CE0C28AB2ED" box="[1074,1239,1427,1474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81CE7C21BB2ED" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1428,1474]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11CE0CE46B2ED" box="[1293,2075,1427,1474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1CE0C3ADB298" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1296,1520,1427,1463]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11CB1CE46B2C9" box="[301,2075,1474,1510]" gridrow="22" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11CB1C4C4B2C9" box="[301,665,1474,1510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE941CB7C47CB2C9" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby II" authorityYear="1853" box="[344,545,1476,1510]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laqueata">Venus laqueata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281CB1C5E2B2C9" box="[740,959,1474,1510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1CB1C28AB2C9" box="[1074,1239,1474,1510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11CB1CE46B2C9" box="[1293,2075,1474,1510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1CB1C01DB2CA" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1296,1600,1474,1509]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11C83CE46B132" box="[301,2075,1520,1565]" gridrow="23" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11C83C4C4B132" box="[301,665,1520,1565]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE941C80C450B13C" box="[344,525,1523,1555]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE941C80C450B13C" box="[344,525,1523,1555]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">V. verrucosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281C83C5E2B132" box="[740,959,1520,1565]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Canary Is.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1C83C28AB132" box="[1074,1239,1520,1565]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81C82C21BB132" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1521,1565]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11C83CE46B132" box="[1293,2075,1520,1565]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Brongersma (19686)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11F3CCE46B141" box="[301,2075,1615,1646]" gridrow="24" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11F3CCE46B141" box="[301,2075,1615,1646]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FEE21F3CC45AB141" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1866" box="[302,519,1615,1646]" class="Merostomata" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FEE21F3CC45AB141" bold="true" box="[302,519,1615,1646]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Merostomata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11F0ACE46B1B3" box="[301,2075,1657,1692]" gridrow="25" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11F0AC4C4B1E0" box="[301,665,1657,1743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1F0FC42DB1B1" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[338,624,1660,1694]" class="Merostomata" family="Limulidae" genus="Limulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Xiphosurida" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyphemus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1F0FC42DB1B1" box="[338,624,1660,1694]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Limulus polyphemus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281F0AC5E2B1B3" box="[740,959,1657,1692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1F0AC28AB1B3" box="[1074,1239,1657,1692]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11F0ACE46B1B3" box="[1293,2075,1657,1692]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1F0AC3ACB1B3" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1296,1521,1657,1692]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11FD6CE46B1E0" box="[301,2075,1701,1743]" gridrow="26" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281FD6C5E2B1E0" box="[740,959,1701,1743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1FD6C28AB1E0" box="[1074,1239,1701,1743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J, A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11FD6CE46B1E0" box="[1293,2075,1701,1743]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1FD6C07FB1E6" author="Lutcavage, M. E." box="[1296,1570,1701,1737]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5F9F31FD6CE46B1E6" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1599,2075,1701,1737]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11FA4CE46B1D8" box="[301,2075,1751,1783]" gridrow="27" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11FA4CE46B1D8" box="[301,2075,1751,1783]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FEE21FA4C792B1D8" box="[302,463,1751,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Crustacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FEE21FA4C792B1D8" bold="true" box="[302,463,1751,1783]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Crustacea</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11E71CE46B009" box="[301,2075,1794,1830]" gridrow="28" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11E71C4C4B009" box="[301,665,1794,1830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281E71C5E2B009" box="[740,959,1794,1830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1E71C28AB009" box="[1074,1239,1794,1830]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11E71CE46B009" box="[1293,2075,1794,1830]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1E71C055B00A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1296,1544,1794,1829]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11E42CE46B07A" box="[301,2075,1841,1877]" gridrow="29" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11E42CE46B07A" box="[301,2075,1841,1877]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FEE11E42C7B3B07A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1816" box="[301,494,1841,1877]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FEE11E42C7B3B07A" bold="true" box="[301,494,1841,1877]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Amphipoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11E2ECE46B0A5" box="[301,2075,1885,1930]" gridrow="30" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11E2EC4C4B0A5" box="[301,665,1885,1930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1E2CC421B0AE" baseAuthorityName="Goës" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[338,636,1887,1921]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Coronulidae" genus="Eulhemisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1E2CC421B0AE" box="[338,636,1887,1921]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Eulhemisto compressa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281E2EC5E2B0A5" box="[740,959,1885,1930]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1E2EC28AB0A5" box="[1074,1239,1885,1930]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81E2DC21BB0A5" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1886,1930]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11E2ECE46B0A5" box="[1293,2075,1885,1930]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1E2EC053B0AF" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1296,1550,1885,1920]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11EF9CE46B081" box="[301,2075,1930,1966]" gridrow="31" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11EF9C4C4B0C9" box="[301,665,1930,2022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1EFEC43AB09F" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[338,615,1933,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1EFEC43AB09F" box="[338,615,1933,1968]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Hyperia medusarum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281EF9C5E2B081" box="[740,959,1930,1966]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1EF9C28AB081" box="[1074,1239,1930,1966]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11EF9CE46B081" box="[1293,2075,1930,1966]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Pouchet and de Guerne (1886)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11ECACE46B0C9" box="[301,2075,1977,2022]" gridrow="32" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281ECAC5E2B0C9" box="[740,959,1977,2022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1ECAC28AB0C9" box="[1074,1239,1977,2022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81EC9C21BB0C9" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,1978,2022]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11ECACE46B0C9" box="[1293,2075,1977,2022]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1ECAC053B0F3" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1296,1550,1977,2012]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11E95CE46BF3B" box="[301,2075,2022,2068]" gridrow="33" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11E95C4C4BF3B" box="[301,665,2022,2068]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1E9AC435BF26" baseAuthorityName="Forskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[338,616,2025,2057]" class="Malacostraca" family="Phronimidae" genus="Phronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedentaria">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1E9AC435BF26" box="[338,616,2025,2057]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Phronima sedentaria</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281E95C5E2BF3B" box="[740,959,2022,2068]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1E95C28ABF3B" box="[1074,1239,2022,2068]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81E9BC21BBF3B" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2024,2068]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11E95CE46BF3B" box="[1293,2075,2022,2068]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31E95C11EBF26" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1295,1859,2022,2057]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11165CE46BF15" box="[301,2075,2070,2106]" gridrow="34" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11165CE46BF15" box="[301,2075,2070,2106]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FEE21165C787BF15" bold="true" box="[302,474,2070,2106]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Cirripedia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11131CE46BF5F" box="[301,2075,2114,2160]" gridrow="35" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11131C4C4BF5F" box="[301,665,2114,2160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281131C5E2BF5F" box="[740,959,2114,2160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1131C28ABF5F" box="[1074,1239,2114,2160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81137C21BBF5F" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2116,2160]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11131CE46BF5F" box="[1293,2075,2114,2160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Brongersma (19686)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11103CE46BFB2" box="[301,2075,2160,2205]" gridrow="36" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11103C4C4BFB2" box="[301,665,2160,2205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E1100C787BFBA" box="[338,474,2163,2197]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Lepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1100C7FFBFBA" box="[338,418,2163,2197]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Lepas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281103C5E2BFB2" box="[740,959,2160,2205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1103C28ABFB2" box="[1074,1239,2160,2205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81102C21BBFB2" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2161,2205]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11103CE46BFB2" box="[1293,2075,2160,2205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31103C11EBFBC" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1295,1859,2160,2195]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE111EECE46BFE8" box="[301,2075,2205,2247]" gridrow="37" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE111EEC4C4BE7B" box="[301,665,2205,2388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9E11D3C47BBFEC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[338,550,2208,2243]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lepadidae" genus="Lepas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pedunculata" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatifera">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E11D3C47BBFEC" box="[338,550,2208,2243]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Lepas anatifera</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2811EEC5E2BFE8" box="[740,959,2205,2247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE11EEC28ABFE8" box="[1074,1239,2205,2247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF511ECC2E8BFE8" bold="true" box="[1081,1205,2205,2247]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">U, J,A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC111EECE46BFC0" box="[1293,2075,2205,2287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
Pouchet and de Guerne (1886); van Nierop and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC311B8C06BBFC0" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1295,1590,2251,2287]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE1118ACE46BE09" box="[301,2075,2297,2342]" gridrow="38" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD28118AC5E2BE09" box="[740,959,2297,2342]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE118AC28ABE09" box="[1074,1239,2297,2342]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81189C21BBE09" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2298,2342]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC1118ACE46BE09" box="[1293,2075,2297,2342]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC118AC053BE33" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1296,1550,2297,2332]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11055CE46BE7B" box="[301,2075,2342,2388]" gridrow="39" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281055C5E2BE7B" box="[740,959,2342,2388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1055C28ABE7B" box="[1074,1239,2342,2388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF8105BC21BBE7B" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2344,2388]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11055CE46BE7B" box="[1293,2075,2342,2388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31055C11FBE65" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1295,1858,2342,2378]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11026CE46BEAD" box="[301,2075,2389,2434]" gridrow="40" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11026C4C4BEAD" box="[301,665,2389,2434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9E1024C447BE56" box="[338,538,2391,2425]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">L. Jascicularis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281026C5E2BEAD" box="[740,959,2389,2434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1026C28ABEAD" box="[1074,1239,2389,2434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF81025C21BBEAD" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2390,2434]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11026CE46BEAD" box="[1293,2075,2389,2434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC1026C053BE57" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1296,1550,2389,2424]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE110F6CE46BE86" box="[301,2075,2437,2473]" gridrow="41" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE110F6CE46BE86" box="[301,2075,2437,2473]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FEE110F6C790BE86" bold="true" box="[301,461,2437,2473]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Decapoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE110C2CE46BEFA" box="[301,2075,2481,2517]" gridrow="42" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE110C2C4C4BD2D" box="[301,665,2481,2562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2810C2C5E2BEFA" box="[740,959,2481,2517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE10C2C28ABEFA" box="[1074,1239,2481,2517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC110C2CE46BEFA" box="[1293,2075,2481,2517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC10C2C05ABEFA" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1296,1543,2481,2517]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5F9E910C2C108BEFA" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1573,1877,2481,2517]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE110ACCE46BD2D" box="[301,2075,2527,2562]" gridrow="43" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2810ACC5E2BD2D" box="[740,959,2527,2562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Georgia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE10ACC28ABD2D" box="[1074,1239,2527,2562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC110ACCE46BD2D" box="[1293,2075,2527,2562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC10ACC0A1BD2D" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel" box="[1296,1788,2527,2562]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="213 - 215" refId="ref92581" refString="Shoop, C. R., and C. Ruckdeschel. 1982. Increasing turtle strandings in the southeast United States: a complicating factor. Biol. Conserv. 23: 213 - 215." type="journal article" year="1982">Shoop and Ruckdeschel (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE1137ECE46BD15" box="[301,2075,2573,2618]" gridrow="44" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE1137EC4C4BD15" box="[301,665,2573,2618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Brachiodontes variabilis</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD28137EC5E2BD15" box="[740,959,2573,2618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Aldabra</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE137EC28ABD15" box="[1074,1239,2573,2618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF8137DC21BBD15" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2574,2618]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC1137ECE46BD15" box="[1293,2075,2573,2618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC137EC3B2BD1F" author="Frazier, J." box="[1296,1519,2573,2608]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="373 - 410" refId="ref73881" refString="Frazier, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sei. 260: 373 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Frazier (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11348CE46BD4E" box="[301,2075,2619,2657]" gridrow="45" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11348C4C4BD4E" box="[301,665,2619,2657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE98134EC7A1BD4E" box="[340,508,2621,2657]" class="Malacostraca" family="Calappidae" genus="Calappa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE98134EC79EBD4E" box="[340,451,2621,2657]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Calappa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281348C5E2BD4E" box="[740,959,2619,2657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1348C28ABD4E" box="[1074,1239,2619,2657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11348CE46BD4E" box="[1293,2075,2619,2657]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31348C00DBD71" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1295,1616,2619,2654]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE1131BCE46BDBA" box="[301,2075,2664,2709]" gridrow="46" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE1131BC4C4BDBA" box="[301,665,2664,2709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE981319C462BDA2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[340,575,2666,2701]" class="Malacostraca" family="Calappidae" genus="Calappa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepatica">Calappa hepatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD28131BC5E2BDBA" box="[740,959,2664,2709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE131BC28ABDBA" box="[1074,1239,2664,2709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF8131AC21BBDBA" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2665,2709]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC1131BCE46BDBA" box="[1293,2075,2664,2709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC3131BC3ADBDA4" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1295,1520,2664,2699]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE113E5CE46BDEC" box="[301,2075,2710,2755]" gridrow="47" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE113E5C4C4BDEC" box="[301,665,2710,2755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Calhnectes sapidus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2813E5C5E2BDEC" box="[740,959,2710,2755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE13E5C28ABDEC" box="[1074,1239,2710,2755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBF813E4C21BBDEC" bold="true" box="[1076,1094,2711,2755]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC113E5CE46BDEC" box="[1293,2075,2710,2755]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC13E5C07CBD96" author="Lutcavage, M. E." box="[1296,1569,2710,2745]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE113B7CE46BDDE" box="[301,2075,2756,2801]" gridrow="48" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE113B7C4C4BDDE" box="[301,665,2756,2801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Cancer irroratus</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2813B7C5E2BDDE" box="[740,959,2756,2801]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE13B7C28ABDDE" box="[1074,1239,2756,2801]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFF13B6C21BBDDE" bold="true" box="[1075,1094,2757,2801]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC113B7CE46BDDE" box="[1293,2075,2756,2801]" gridcol="3" gridrow="48" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC13B7C07CBDC8" author="Lutcavage, M. E." box="[1296,1569,2756,2791]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11382CE46BC31" box="[301,2075,2801,2846]" gridrow="49" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11382C4C4BC31" box="[301,665,2801,2846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9D1380C419BC3A" box="[337,580,2803,2837]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Dardanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euopsis">Dardanus euopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281382C5E2BC31" box="[740,959,2801,2846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1382C28ABC31" box="[1074,1239,2801,2846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFF1381C21BBC31" bold="true" box="[1075,1094,2802,2846]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11382CE46BC31" box="[1293,2075,2801,2846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="49" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC31382C3B2BC3B" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1295,1519,2801,2836]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE1126CCE46BC6C" box="[301,2075,2847,2883]" gridrow="50" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE1126CC4C4BC6C" box="[301,665,2847,2883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9D1252C7ACBC6C" box="[337,497,2849,2883]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dromiidae" genus="Dromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9D1252C7E5BC6C" box="[337,440,2849,2883]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Dromia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD28126CC5E2BC6C" box="[740,959,2847,2883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Indian O.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE126CC28ABC6C" box="[1074,1239,2847,2883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC1126CCE46BC6C" box="[1293,2075,2847,2883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="50" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC3126CC00DBC6D" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1295,1616,2847,2882]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE1123ECE46BC5F" box="[301,2075,2893,2928]" gridrow="51" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE1123EC4C4BC5F" box="[301,665,2893,2928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9D123CC7B3BC5F" box="[337,494,2895,2928]" class="Malacostraca" family="Euryplacidae" genus="Eucrate" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9D123CC7EABC5F" box="[337,439,2895,2928]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Eucrate</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD28123EC5E2BC5F" box="[740,959,2893,2928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE123EC28ABC5F" box="[1074,1239,2893,2928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC1123ECE46BC5F" box="[1293,2075,2893,2928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="51" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FADC123EC01DBC5F" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1296,1600,2893,2928]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE11209CE46BC88" box="[301,2075,2938,2983]" gridrow="52" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE11209C4C4BC88" box="[301,665,2938,2983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="52" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Funchaha villosa</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD281209C5E2BC88" box="[740,959,2938,2983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE1209C28ABC88" box="[1074,1239,2938,2983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FBFF1208C218BC88" bold="true" box="[1075,1093,2939,2983]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC11209CE46BC88" box="[1293,2075,2938,2983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="52" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDEFFF5FAC21209C11CBCB2" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1294,1857,2938,2973]" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDE004CFEE112DBCE46BCE3" box="[301,2075,2984,3020]" gridrow="53" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDE004CFEE112DBC4C4BCE3" box="[301,665,2984,3020]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDEFFF5FE9D12D9C406BCE3" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[337,603,2986,3020]" class="Malacostraca" family="Aethridae" genus="Hepatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="70" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephehticus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDEFFF5FE9D12D9C406BCE3" box="[337,603,2986,3020]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Hepatus ephehticus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFD2812DBC5E2BCE3" box="[740,959,2984,3020]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFBFE12DBC28ABCE3" box="[1074,1239,2984,3020]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDE004CFAC112DBCE46BCE3" box="[1293,2075,2984,3020]" gridcol="3" gridrow="53" pageId="70" pageNumber="64">Plotkin (personal communication)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFDFFFF4FEC9183CC43AB643" box="[261,615,335,364]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" startId="71.[261,360,335,364]" targetBox="[263,1826,402,3010]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="71" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDFFFF4FEC9183CC43AB643" blockId="71.[261,615,335,364]" box="[261,615,335,364]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
Table 28.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FE04183CC43EB643" box="[456,611,335,364]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Continued</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFDF004CFECB18E1C17FBCED" box="[263,1826,402,3010]" colsContinueFrom="70.[301,2075,412,3020]" colsContinueIn="72.[307,1860,398,1358]" gridcols="4" gridrows="48" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDFFFF4FECB18D7C3AFBC99" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB18E1C17FB6EE" box="[263,1826,402,449]" gridrow="0" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB18E1C4D0B6EE" box="[263,653,402,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Item</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFD7218E1C5C3B6EE" box="[702,926,402,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFBC318E1C2F2B6EE" box="[1039,1199,402,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Life Stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A18E1C17FB6EE" box="[1254,1826,402,449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1898C17FB521" box="[263,1826,491,526]" gridrow="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1898C4D0B511" box="[263,653,491,574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE7188BC7CDB53A" authorityName="C. Kenneth Dodd" authorityYear="1988" box="[299,400,504,533]" class="Malacostraca" family="Epialtidae" genus="Libinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE7188BC7CDB53A" box="[299,400,504,533]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Libinia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5926A64FFDFFFF4FE6D188BC794B53A" box="[417,457,504,533]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721898C5C3B521" box="[702,926,491,526]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">N. Atlantic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31898C2F2B521" box="[1039,1199,491,526]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1898C17FB521" box="[1254,1826,491,526]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB2A1898C3EBB527" author="Layne, J. N." box="[1254,1462,491,520]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1B64C17FB511" box="[263,1826,535,574]" gridrow="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721B64C5C3B511" box="[702,926,535,574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31B64C2F2B511" box="[1039,1199,535,574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1B64C17FB511" box="[1254,1826,535,574]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Plotkin (personal communication)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1B3BC17FB55E" box="[263,1826,584,625]" gridrow="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1B3BC4D0B55E" box="[263,653,584,625]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE71B27C45FB55E" authorityName="Guerin" authorityYear="1832" box="[299,514,596,625]" class="Malacostraca" family="Epialtidae" genus="Libinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE71B27C45FB55E" box="[299,514,596,625]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Libinia spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721B3BC5C3B55E" box="[702,926,584,625]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31B3BC2F2B55E" box="[1039,1199,584,625]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1B3BC17FB55E" box="[1254,1826,584,625]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB2A1B3BC3BCB54A" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1254,1505,584,613]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1B05C17FB58F" box="[263,1826,630,672]" gridrow="4" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1B05C4D0B58F" box="[263,653,630,672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE71BF0C79AB58F" box="[299,455,643,672]" class="Insecta" family="Melittidae" genus="Melitta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE71BF0C7D3B58F" box="[299,398,643,672]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Melitta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721B05C5C3B58F" box="[702,926,630,672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Not specific</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31B05C2F2B58F" box="[1039,1199,630,672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1B05C17FB58F" box="[1254,1826,630,672]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB2A1B05C38AB5BC" author="Babcock, H. L." box="[1254,1495,630,659]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="323 - 431" refId="ref64916" refString="Babcock, H. L. 1919. The turtles of New England. Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 323 - 431." type="journal article" year="1919">Babcock (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1BD7C17FB5E2" box="[263,1826,676,717]" gridrow="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1BD7C4D0B5E2" box="[263,653,676,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11BC3C7B0B5E2" box="[301,493,688,717]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Paguristes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11BC3C7E8B5E2" box="[301,437,688,717]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Paguristes</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721BD7C5C3B5E2" box="[702,926,676,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31BD7C2F2B5E2" box="[1039,1199,676,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1BD7C17FB5E2" box="[1254,1826,676,717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB2B1BD7C383B5EE" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1255,1502,676,705]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1BA1C17FB5D3" box="[263,1826,722,764]" gridrow="6" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1BA1C4D0B5D3" box="[263,653,722,764]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11BACC78FB5D3" box="[301,466,735,764]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11BACC7C7B5D3" box="[301,410,735,764]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pagurus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721BA1C5C3B5D3" box="[702,926,722,764]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31BA1C2F2B5D3" box="[1039,1199,722,764]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1BA1C17FB5D3" box="[1254,1826,722,764]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB241BA1C383B5C0" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1256,1502,722,751]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1A72C17FB405" box="[263,1826,769,810]" gridrow="7" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1A72C4D0B405" box="[263,653,769,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11A7EC45EB405" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[301,515,781,810]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arresor">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11A7EC45EB405" box="[301,515,781,810]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pagurus arresor</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721A72C5C3B405" box="[702,926,769,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31A72C2F2B405" box="[1039,1199,769,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1A72C17FB405" box="[1254,1826,769,810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB241A72C383B431" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1256,1502,769,798]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1A43C17FB477" box="[263,1826,816,856]" gridrow="8" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1A43C4D0B477" box="[263,653,816,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11A48C78AB477" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1817" box="[301,471,827,856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11A48C78AB477" box="[301,471,827,856]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721A43C5C3B477" box="[702,926,816,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">N. Jersey</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31A43C2F2B477" box="[1039,1199,816,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1A43C17FB477" box="[1254,1826,816,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB241A43C39CB462" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[1256,1473,816,845]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref73113" refString="Fowler, H. W. 1914. The food of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Copeia (3): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Fowler (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1A2EC17FB4A8" box="[263,1826,861,903]" gridrow="9" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1A2EC4D0B4A8" box="[263,653,861,903]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11A19C7B5B4A8" box="[301,488,874,903]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palinuridae" genus="Panulirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11A19C7ECB4A8" box="[301,433,874,903]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Panulirus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721A2EC5C3B4A8" box="[702,926,861,903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31A2EC2F2B4A8" box="[1039,1199,861,903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1A2EC17FB4A8" box="[1254,1826,861,903]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB251A2EC3BDB455" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1257,1504,861,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1AF9C17FB49A" box="[263,1826,906,949]" gridrow="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1AF9C4D0B49A" box="[263,653,906,949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE11AEBC41EB49A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[301,579,920,949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE11AEBC41EB49A" box="[301,579,920,949]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Persephona punctata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721AF9C5C3B49A" box="[702,926,906,949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31AF9C2F2B49A" box="[1039,1199,906,949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1AF9C17FB49A" box="[1254,1826,906,949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Plotkin (personal communication)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1ACAC17FB4CC" box="[263,1826,953,995]" gridrow="11" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1ACAC4D0B4CC" box="[263,653,953,995]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE21AB5C452B4CC" box="[302,527,959,995]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE21AB5C45DB4CC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[302,512,966,995]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Planes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Planes minutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
3-
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721ACAC5C3B4CC" box="[702,926,953,995]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31ACAC2F2B4CC" box="[1039,1199,953,995]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1ACAC17FB4CC" box="[1254,1826,953,995]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pouchet and de Guerne (1886)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1A9AC17FB33F" box="[263,1826,1001,1040]" gridrow="12" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1A9AC4D0B33F" box="[263,653,1001,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE21A80C42BB33F" authorityName="A.Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1879" box="[302,630,1011,1040]" class="Malacostraca" family="Platyxanthidae" genus="Platyxanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuenulatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE21A80C42BB33F" box="[302,630,1011,1040]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Platyxanthus cuenulatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721A9AC5C3B33F" box="[702,926,1001,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Uruguay</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31A9AC2F2B33F" box="[1039,1199,1001,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1A9AC17FB33F" box="[1254,1826,1001,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB251A9AC3B9B329" author="Gudynas, E." box="[1257,1508,1001,1030]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref76297" refString="Gudynas, E. 1980. Notes on the sea turtles of Uruguay. Assoc. Stud. Rept. Amphib. J. 1: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1980">Gudynas (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1D64C17FB36A" box="[263,1826,1047,1093]" gridrow="13" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1D64C4D0B36A" box="[263,653,1047,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFF1D51C475B310" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" box="[307,552,1058,1087]" class="Malacostraca" family="Portunidae" genus="Thalamita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integra">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFF1D51C475B310" box="[307,552,1058,1087]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Thalamita Integra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721D64C5C3B36A" box="[702,926,1047,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31D64C2F2B36A" box="[1039,1199,1047,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBC31D6BC27DB36A" bold="true" box="[1039,1056,1048,1093]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1D64C17FB36A" box="[1254,1826,1047,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB261D64C394B31B" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1258,1481,1047,1076]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1D35C17FB340" box="[263,1826,1094,1135]" gridrow="14" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1D35C4D0B340" box="[263,653,1094,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFF1D21C7FCB340" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1834" box="[307,417,1106,1135]" class="Malacostraca" family="Portunidae" genus="Thalamita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sima">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFF1D21C7FCB340" box="[307,417,1106,1135]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">T. sima</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721D35C5C3B340" box="[702,926,1094,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31D35C2F2B340" box="[1039,1199,1094,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1D35C17FB340" box="[1254,1826,1094,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB261D35C044B34C" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1258,1561,1094,1123]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1D0DC17FB3B3" box="[263,1826,1150,1180]" gridrow="15" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1D0DC17FB3B3" box="[263,1826,1150,1180]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEC71D0DC7D6B3B3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1816" box="[267,395,1150,1180]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEC71D0DC7D6B3B3" bold="true" box="[267,395,1150,1180]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Isopoda</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1DD3C17FB3E0" box="[263,1826,1184,1231]" gridrow="16" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1DD3C4D0B3E0" box="[263,653,1184,1231]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEE31DDFC45BB3E6" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1801" box="[303,518,1196,1225]" class="Malacostraca" family="Idoteidae" genus="Idotea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metalhca">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEE31DDFC45BB3E6" box="[303,518,1196,1225]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Idotea metalhca</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721DD3C5C3B3E0" box="[702,926,1184,1231]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31DD3C2F2B3E0" box="[1039,1199,1184,1231]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBC31DD1C27CB3E0" bold="true" box="[1039,1057,1186,1231]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1DD3C17FB3E0" box="[1254,1826,1184,1231]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB251DD3C146B392" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1257,1819,1184,1213]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1C76C17FB20A" box="[263,1826,1285,1317]" gridrow="17" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1C76C2F2B20A" box="[263,1199,1285,1317]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEC01C76C7DDB20A" bold="true" box="[268,384,1285,1317]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Insecta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1C76C17FB260" box="[1254,1826,1285,1359]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">A. Carr (personal communication)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1C59C17FB260" box="[263,1826,1322,1359]" gridrow="18" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1C59C4D0B250" box="[263,653,1322,1407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Unspecified terrestrial insects</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721C59C5C3B260" box="[702,926,1322,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">SE U. S.</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31C59C2F2B260" box="[1039,1199,1322,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">H</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1CC8C17FB2F1" box="[263,1826,1467,1502]" gridrow="19" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1CC8C2F2B2F1" box="[263,1199,1467,1502]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEC01CC8C7CEB2F1" bold="true" box="[268,403,1467,1502]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Bryozoa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1CC8C17FB125" box="[1254,1826,1467,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB211CAEC3E3B12E" author="Steuer, A." box="[1261,1470,1501,1537]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="275 - 299" refId="ref93726" refString="Steuer, A. 1905. Uber das Kiemenfilter und die Nahrung adriatischer Fische. Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 55: 275 - 299." type="journal article" year="1905">Steuer (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1C91C17FB125" box="[263,1826,1506,1546]" gridrow="20" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1C91C4D0B125" box="[263,653,1506,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFD1C9AC794B125" box="[305,457,1513,1546]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Flustridae" genus="Flustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFD1C9AC7CCB125" box="[305,401,1513,1546]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Flustra</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721C91C5C3B125" box="[702,926,1506,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Adriatic</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31C91C2F2B125" box="[1039,1199,1506,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1F37C17FB149" box="[263,1826,1604,1638]" gridrow="21" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1F37C17FB149" box="[263,1826,1604,1638]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEC11F37C454B149" bold="true" box="[269,521,1604,1638]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Echinodermata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1F14C17FB1BF" box="[263,1826,1639,1680]" gridrow="22" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1F14C4D0B192" box="[263,653,1639,1725]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721F14C5C3B1BF" box="[702,926,1639,1680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31F14C2F2B1BF" box="[1039,1199,1639,1680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1F14C17FB1BF" box="[1254,1826,1639,1680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB211F14C070B1A5" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1261,1581,1639,1674]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1FE0C17FB192" box="[263,1826,1683,1725]" gridrow="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721FE0C5C3B192" box="[702,926,1683,1725]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31FE0C2F2B192" box="[1039,1199,1683,1725]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1FE0C17FB192" box="[1254,1826,1683,1725]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB211FE0C09FB198" author="Rabalais, S. C. & N. N. Rabalais" box="[1261,1730,1683,1719]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="123 - 129" refId="ref89130" refString="Rabalais, S. C., and N. N. Rabalais. 1980. The occurrence of sea turtles on the south Texas coast. Contrib. Mar. Sei. 23: 123 - 129." type="journal article" year="1980">Rabalais and Rabalais (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1FB1C17FB1C0" box="[263,1826,1730,1775]" gridrow="24" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1FB1C4D0B1C0" box="[263,653,1730,1775]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Clypeaster humilis</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721FB1C5C3B1C0" box="[702,926,1730,1775]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31FB1C2F2B1C0" box="[1039,1199,1730,1775]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1FB1C17FB1C0" box="[1254,1826,1730,1775]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB211FB1C070B1CA" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1261,1581,1730,1765]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1F83C17FB034" box="[263,1826,1776,1819]" gridrow="25" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1F83C4D0B034" box="[263,653,1776,1819]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFF1F8AC43EB034" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[307,611,1785,1819]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Prionocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="baculosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFF1F8AC43EB034" box="[307,611,1785,1819]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Prionocidaris baculosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721F83C5C3B034" box="[702,926,1776,1819]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31F83C2F2B034" box="[1039,1199,1776,1819]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1F83C17FB034" box="[1254,1826,1776,1819]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB221F83C3B8B03C" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1262,1509,1776,1811]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1E6EC17FB065" box="[263,1826,1821,1866]" gridrow="26" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1E6EC4D0B065" box="[263,653,1821,1866]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Spiny sea urchin</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721E6EC5C3B065" box="[702,926,1821,1866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31E6EC2F2B065" box="[1039,1199,1821,1866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1E6EC17FB065" box="[1254,1826,1821,1866]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB221E6EC3B8B06E" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1262,1509,1821,1857]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1E38C17FB054" box="[263,1826,1867,1915]" gridrow="27" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1E38C4D0B054" box="[263,653,1867,1915]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721E38C5C3B054" box="[702,926,1867,1915]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31E38C2F2B054" box="[1039,1199,1867,1915]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBDF1E3CC278B054" bold="true" box="[1043,1061,1871,1915]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1E38C17FB054" box="[1254,1826,1867,1915]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB221E38C390B05E" author="Moody, E. G." box="[1262,1485,1867,1905]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref85818" refString="Moody, E. G. 1979. Aspects of the feeding biology of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Unpubl. Honour's Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia." type="book" year="1979">Moody (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1EF1C17FB08B" box="[263,1826,1922,1956]" gridrow="28" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1EF1C17FB08B" box="[263,1826,1922,1956]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Holothuroidea</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1EADC17FBF2F" box="[263,1826,2014,2048]" gridrow="29" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1EADC17FBF2F" box="[263,1826,2014,2048]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEDC1EADC7F4BF2F" bold="true" box="[272,425,2014,2048]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Chordata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1178C17FBF02" box="[263,1826,2059,2093]" gridrow="30" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1178C17FBF02" box="[263,1826,2059,2093]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEDD1178C7B1BF02" bold="true" box="[273,492,2059,2093]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Urochordates</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1143C17FBF70" box="[263,1826,2096,2143]" gridrow="31" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1143C4D0BFA3" box="[263,653,2096,2188]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721143C5C3BF70" box="[702,926,2096,2143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31143C2F2BF70" box="[1039,1199,2096,2143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBD91140C27ABF70" bold="true" box="[1045,1063,2099,2143]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1143C17FBFA3" box="[1254,1826,2096,2188]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3C1143C3B1BF7D" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1264,1516,2096,2130]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3C112FC05ABF50" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1264,1543,2140,2175]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
&)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1111C17FBFA3" box="[263,1826,2146,2188]" gridrow="32" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721111C5C3BFA3" box="[702,926,2146,2188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31111C2F2BFA3" box="[1039,1199,2146,2188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBD91113C27ABFA3" bold="true" box="[1045,1063,2144,2188]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB11FAC17FBF9B" box="[263,1826,2185,2228]" gridrow="33" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB11FAC4D0BF9B" box="[263,653,2185,2228]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Phallusia depressiuscula</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7211FAC5C3BF9B" box="[702,926,2185,2228]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">W. Australia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC311FAC2F2BF9B" box="[1039,1199,2185,2228]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A11FAC17FBF9B" box="[1254,1826,2185,2228]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3D11FAC042BF83" author="Lester, R. J. G. & D. Blair & D. Heald" box="[1265,1567,2185,2220]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="713 - 717" refId="ref81969" refString="Lester, R. J. G., D. Blair, and D. Heald. 1980. Nematodes from scallops and turtles from Shark Bay, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31: 713 - 717." type="journal article" year="1980">Lester et al. (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB11CBC17FBFC8" box="[263,1826,2232,2279]" gridrow="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB11CBC4D0BFC8" box="[263,653,2232,2279]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFA11B2C7EBBFCC" authorityName="C. Kenneth Dodd" authorityYear="1988" box="[310,438,2241,2275]" class="Thaliacea" family="Pyrosomatidae" genus="Pyrosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pyrosomatida" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp . n .">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFA11B2C7EBBFCC" box="[310,438,2241,2275]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pyrosoma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7211CBC5C3BFC8" box="[702,926,2232,2279]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">N. Zealand</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC311CBC2F2BFC8" box="[1039,1199,2232,2279]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBD911C8C27ABFC8" bold="true" box="[1045,1063,2235,2279]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A11CBC17FBE3B" box="[1254,1826,2232,2324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3C11CBC3B7BFF5" author="McCann. C" box="[1264,1514,2232,2266]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3C1191C17CBE28" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1264,1825,2274,2311]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1199C17FBE3B" box="[263,1826,2282,2324]" gridrow="35" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1199C4D0BE3B" box="[263,653,2282,2324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFB119EC40EBE3F" authorityName="Peron" authorityYear="1804" box="[311,595,2285,2320]" class="Thaliacea" family="Pyrosomatidae" genus="Pyrosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pyrosomatida" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticum">Pyrosoma atlanticum</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721199C5C3BE3B" box="[702,926,2282,2324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31199C2F2BE3B" box="[1039,1199,2282,2324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBDA119BC275BE3B" bold="true" box="[1046,1064,2280,2324]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1061C17FBE11" box="[263,1826,2322,2366]" gridrow="36" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1061C4D0BE11" box="[263,653,2322,2366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFB106FC7E3BE11" box="[311,446,2332,2366]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFB106FC7D8BE11" box="[311,389,2332,2366]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pyura</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721061C5C3BE11" box="[702,926,2322,2366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31061C2F2BE11" box="[1039,1199,2322,2366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1061C17FBE11" box="[1254,1826,2322,2366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3D1061C3B5BE19" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1265,1512,2322,2358]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFEFB1033C3B6BE5F" box="[311,1515,2368,2416]" gridrow="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1033C4D0BE5F" box="[263,653,2368,2416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEFB1039C7DCBE42" authorityName="C. Kenneth Dodd" authorityYear="1988" box="[311,385,2378,2413]" class="Thaliacea" family="Salpidae" genus="Salpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salpida" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp . n .">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEFB1039C7DCBE42" box="[311,385,2378,2413]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Salpa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721033C5C3BE5F" box="[702,926,2368,2416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">N. Zealand</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31033C2F2BE5F" box="[1039,1199,2368,2416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBDA1037C275BE5F" bold="true" box="[1046,1064,2372,2416]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1033C17FBE5F" box="[1254,1826,2368,2416]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3D1033C3B6BE4C" author="McCann. C" box="[1265,1515,2368,2403]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="201 - 215" refId="ref84599" refString="McCann. C. 1966. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 5: 201 - 215." type="journal article" year="1966">McCann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFEDF1004C72EBEB6" box="[275,371,2423,2457]" gridrow="38" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1004C17FBEB6" box="[263,1826,2423,2457]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEDF1004C72EBEB6" bold="true" box="[275,371,2423,2457]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pisces</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB10B9C17FBEDD" box="[263,1826,2506,2546]" gridrow="39" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB10E9C4D0BEDD" box="[263,653,2458,2546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7210B9C5C3BEDD" box="[702,926,2506,2546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Queensland</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC310B9C2F2BEDD" box="[1039,1199,2506,2546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A10B9C17FBEDD" box="[1254,1826,2506,2546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3E10B9C3B5BEC1" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1266,1512,2506,2542]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1084C17FBD0A" box="[263,1826,2551,2597]" gridrow="40" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1084C4D0BD0A" box="[263,653,2551,2597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF41373C41EBD0D" baseAuthorityName="Latrobe" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[312,579,2560,2594]" family="Clupeidae" genus="Brevoortia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clupeiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tyrannus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF41373C41EBD0D" box="[312,579,2560,2594]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Brevoortia tyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721084C5C3BD0A" box="[702,926,2551,2597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31084C2F2BD0A" box="[1039,1199,2551,2597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J(?)</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1084C17FBD0A" box="[1254,1826,2551,2597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3E1084C3B5BD34" author="Bjorndal, K. A." box="[1266,1512,2551,2587]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="736 - 751" refId="ref66305" refString="Bjorndal, K. A. 1985. Nutritional ecology of sea turtles. Copeia 1985: 736 - 751." type="journal article" year="1985">Bjorndal (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1350C17FBD7A" box="[263,1826,2595,2645]" gridrow="41" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1350C4D0BD52" box="[263,653,2595,2685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF7135EC7B3BD52" box="[315,506,2605,2685]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
Ceratoscopelus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FE931328C7B3BD52" box="[351,494,2651,2685]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">maderensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721350C5C3BD7A" box="[702,926,2595,2645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31350C2F2BD7A" box="[1039,1199,2595,2645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBD4135AC277BD7A" bold="true" box="[1048,1066,2601,2645]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1350C17FBD7A" box="[1254,1826,2595,2645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3E1350C17FBD67" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1266,1826,2595,2632]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB13F2C17FBD85" box="[263,1826,2689,2730]" gridrow="42" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB13F2C4D0BD85" box="[263,653,2689,2730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF613FAC789BD85" box="[314,468,2697,2730]" family="Diodontidae" genus="Diodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF613FAC7C6BD85" box="[314,411,2697,2730]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Diodon</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7213F2C5C3BD85" box="[702,926,2689,2730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC313F2C2F2BD85" box="[1039,1199,2689,2730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A13F2C17FBD85" box="[1254,1826,2689,2730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3813F2C3B7BD8B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1268,1514,2689,2724]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB13DFC17FBDF8" box="[263,1826,2732,2775]" gridrow="43" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB13DFC4D0BDF8" box="[263,653,2732,2775]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF613C4C414BDF8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[314,585,2743,2775]" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Entelurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequoreus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF613C4C414BDF8" box="[314,585,2743,2775]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Entelurus aequoreus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7213DFC5C3BDF8" box="[702,926,2732,2775]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC313DFC2F2BDF8" box="[1039,1199,2732,2775]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A13DFC17FBDF8" box="[1254,1826,2732,2775]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Pouchet and de Guerne (1886)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB13AFC17FBC28" box="[263,1826,2780,2823]" gridrow="44" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB13AFC4D0BC28" box="[263,653,2780,2823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF71391C4D7BC28" box="[315,650,2786,2823]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Hippocampus hudsonius</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7213AFC5C3BC28" box="[702,926,2780,2823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC313AFC2F2BC28" box="[1039,1199,2780,2823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A13AFC17FBC28" box="[1254,1826,2780,2823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3813AFC3ACBDD0" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1268,1521,2780,2815]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB127AC17FBC17" box="[263,1826,2825,2872]" gridrow="45" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB127AC4D0BC4D" box="[263,653,2825,2914]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF61262C79CBC4D" authority="Macrorhamphosus" authorityName="Macrorhamphosus" box="[314,562,2833,2914]" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsonius">
|
||
|
|
Macrorhamphosus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FE91124CC79CBC4D" box="[349,449,2879,2914]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD72127AC5C3BC17" box="[702,926,2825,2872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC3127AC2F2BC17" box="[1039,1199,2825,2872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FBD6127FC271BC17" bold="true" box="[1050,1068,2828,2872]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A127AC17FBC17" box="[1254,1826,2825,2872]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Brongersma (19686)</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB1216C17FBCA0" box="[263,1826,2917,2959]" gridrow="46" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB1216C4D0BCA0" box="[263,653,2917,2959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFDFFFF4FEF0121FC46CBCA0" baseAuthorityName="Pappe" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[316,561,2924,2959]" family="Clupeidae" genus="Sardinops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clupeiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellata">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF0121FC46CBCA0" box="[316,561,2924,2959]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Sardinops ocellata</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD721216C5C3BCA0" box="[702,926,2917,2959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC31216C2F2BCA0" box="[1039,1199,2917,2959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A1216C17FBCA0" box="[1254,1826,2917,2959]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3A1216C3B1BCA7" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1270,1516,2917,2952]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFDF004CFECB12E0C17FBCED" box="[263,1826,2963,3010]" gridrow="47" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFDF004CFECB12E0C4D0BCED" box="[263,653,2963,3010]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFDFFFF4FEF112E9C46DBC93" box="[317,560,2970,3004]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Scombre scombrus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFD7212E0C5C3BCED" box="[702,926,2963,3010]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFBC312E0C2F2BCED" box="[1039,1199,2963,3010]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">J</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFDF004CFB2A12E0C17FBCED" box="[1254,1826,2963,3010]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFDFFFF4FB3A12E0C3AFBC99" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1270,1522,2963,2998]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFDFFFF4FD0510D1C081BE91" box="[713,1756,2458,2498]" pageId="71" pageNumber="65">Azores U Pouchet and de Guerne (1886)</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD0FFFBFEFF184BC4C9B673" box="[307,660,312,350]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" startId="72.[307,405,312,350]" targetBox="[307,1860,398,1358]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="72">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFEFF184BC4C9B673" blockId="72.[307,660,312,350]" box="[307,660,312,350]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
Table 28.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE3A184BC4C9B673" box="[502,660,312,348]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Continued.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFEFF18FDC0F3B265" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFD0004CFEFF18FDC119B261" box="[307,1860,398,1358]" colsContinueFrom="71.[263,1826,402,3010]" gridcols="4" gridrows="19" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF18FDC119B681" box="[307,1860,398,430]" gridrow="0" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF18FDC4F9B681" box="[307,676,398,430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Item</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFD2618FDC599B681" box="[746,964,398,430]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFBF418FDC280B681" box="[1080,1245,398,430]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Life Stage</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFADF18FDC119B681" box="[1299,1860,398,430]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1895C119B52B" box="[307,1860,486,516]" gridrow="1" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1895C119B52B" box="[307,1860,486,516]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFEFF1895C7EBB52B" box="[307,438,486,516]" class="Reptilia" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" rank="class">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFEFF1895C7EBB52B" bold="true" box="[307,438,486,516]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Reptilia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1B7AC119B51E" box="[307,1860,521,561]" gridrow="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1B7AC4F9B54F" box="[307,676,521,608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE971B64C440B51B" authorityName="Not" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[347,541,535,564]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE971B64C440B51B" box="[347,541,535,564]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
hatchling
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261B7AC599B51E" box="[746,964,521,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">S. Africa</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41B7AC280B51E" box="[1080,1245,521,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1B7AC119B51E" box="[1299,1860,521,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD91B61C056B501" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1301,1547,529,559]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFD0FFFBF9C71B7AC046B533" attach="none" box="[1547,1563,521,540]" fontSize="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">b</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1B02C119B5A0" box="[307,1860,625,655]" gridrow="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1B02C119B5A0" box="[307,1860,625,655]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFEF81B02C7C5B5A0" bold="true" box="[308,408,625,655]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Plants</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1BEDC119B593" box="[307,1860,670,700]" gridrow="4" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1BEDC119B593" box="[307,1860,670,700]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFEFF1BEDC7D1B593" bold="true" box="[307,396,670,700]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Algae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1BB9C119B5C4" box="[307,1860,714,747]" gridrow="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1BB9C4F9B5C4" box="[307,676,714,747]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Unspecified</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261BB9C599B5C4" box="[746,964,714,747]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Indian Ocean</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41BB9C280B5C4" box="[1080,1245,714,747]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">A</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1BB9C119B5C4" box="[1299,1860,714,747]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADF1BB8C00EB5C8" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1299,1619,714,744]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1B84C119B40B" box="[307,1860,759,804]" gridrow="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1B84C4F9B40B" box="[307,676,759,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE9B1B8FC45EB436" authorityName="C. Kenneth Dodd" authorityYear="1988" box="[343,515,764,793]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Fucaceae" genus="Ascophyllum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus" status="sp. nova">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE9B1B8FC45EB436" box="[343,515,764,793]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Ascophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261B84C599B40B" box="[746,964,759,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5926A64FFD0FFFBFD211B88C562B437" box="[749,831,763,792]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" rank="species">Nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
|
|
Scotia
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41B84C280B40B" box="[1080,1245,759,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF41B84C217B40B" bold="true" box="[1080,1098,759,804]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1B84C119B40B" box="[1299,1860,759,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81B8AC04CB43A" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1300,1553,760,790]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1A56C119B46A" box="[307,1860,805,837]" gridrow="7" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1A56C4F9B49F" box="[307,676,805,944]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" rowspan="3" rowspanBelow="2">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE941A5AC442B46B" box="[344,543,807,838]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE941A5AC7BBB469" box="[344,486,809,838]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261A56C599B46A" box="[746,964,805,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Texas</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41A56C280B46A" box="[1080,1245,805,837]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1A56C119B46A" box="[1299,1860,805,837]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81A54C0B4B46D" author="Rabalais, S. C. & N. N. Rabalais" box="[1300,1769,805,836]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="123 - 129" refId="ref89130" refString="Rabalais, S. C., and N. N. Rabalais. 1980. The occurrence of sea turtles on the south Texas coast. Contrib. Mar. Sei. 23: 123 - 129." type="journal article" year="1980">Rabalais and Rabalais (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1A25C119B45B" box="[307,1860,854,884]" gridrow="8" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261A25C599B45B" box="[746,964,854,884]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Florida</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41A25C280B45B" box="[1080,1245,854,884]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">H</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1A25C119B45B" box="[1299,1860,854,884]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81A24C0C6B45C" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. B. Meylan" box="[1300,1691,854,884]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="366 - 368" refId="ref69252" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., and A. B. Meylan. 1980. Evidence of passive migration of green turtle hatchlings in sargassum. Copeia 1980: 366 - 368." type="journal article" year="1980">Carr and Meylan (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1AF0C119B49F" box="[307,1860,899,944]" gridrow="9" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261AF0C599B49F" box="[746,964,899,944]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Virginia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41AF0C280B49F" box="[1080,1245,899,944]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF51AF0C211B49F" bold="true" box="[1081,1100,899,944]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1AF0C119B49F" box="[1299,1860,899,944]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD91AF5C078B48D" author="Lutcavage, M. E." box="[1301,1573,901,931]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1AC1C119B4F0" box="[307,1860,946,991]" gridrow="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1AC1C4F9B4F0" box="[307,676,946,991]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE941AC4C406B4FC" box="[344,603,950,980]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="flititans">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE941AC4C406B4FC" box="[344,603,950,980]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Sargassum flititans</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261AC1C599B4F0" box="[746,964,946,991]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41AC1C280B4F0" box="[1080,1245,946,991]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF41AC1C217B4F0" bold="true" box="[1080,1098,946,991]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1AC1C119B4F0" box="[1299,1860,946,991]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADF1AC6C04CB4FE" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1299,1553,948,978]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1A91C119B320" box="[307,1860,994,1039]" gridrow="11" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1A91C4F9B320" box="[307,676,994,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE941A94C786B32B" box="[344,475,999,1028]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="natans">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE941A94C786B32B" box="[344,475,999,1028]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">S. natans</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261A91C599B320" box="[746,964,994,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41A91C280B320" box="[1080,1245,994,1039]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF51A91C216B320" bold="true" box="[1081,1099,994,1039]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1A91C119B320" box="[1299,1860,994,1039]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81A97C04CB32F" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1300,1553,995,1025]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1D61C119B310" box="[307,1860,1042,1087]" gridrow="12" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1D61C4F9B310" box="[307,676,1042,1087]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE941D65C7B9B31C" box="[344,484,1046,1075]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="vulgare">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE941D65C7B9B31C" box="[344,484,1046,1075]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">S. vulgäre</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261D61C599B310" box="[746,964,1042,1087]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Azores</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41D61C280B310" box="[1080,1245,1042,1087]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF51D61C216B310" bold="true" box="[1081,1099,1042,1087]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1D61C119B310" box="[1299,1860,1042,1087]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADF1D66C119B31F" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1299,1860,1043,1074]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1D31C119B340" box="[307,1860,1090,1135]" gridrow="13" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1D31C4F9B340" box="[307,676,1090,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE901D35C478B34C" box="[348,549,1094,1123]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulotrichaceae" genus="Ulothrix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulotrichales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="flacca">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE901D35C478B34C" box="[348,549,1094,1123]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Ulothrix flacca</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261D31C599B340" box="[746,964,1090,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41D31C280B340" box="[1080,1245,1090,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF41D31C217B340" bold="true" box="[1080,1098,1090,1135]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1D31C119B340" box="[1299,1860,1090,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADF1D36C04CB34E" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1299,1553,1092,1122]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1D01C119B3B0" box="[307,1860,1138,1183]" gridrow="14" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1D01C4F9B3B0" box="[307,676,1138,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE911D04C4F9B3BC" box="[349,676,1142,1172]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulotrichaceae" genus="Urospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulotrichales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="penicilliformis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE911D04C4F9B3BC" box="[349,676,1142,1172]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Urospora penicilliformis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261D01C599B3B0" box="[746,964,1138,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Nova Scotia</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41D01C280B3B0" box="[1080,1245,1138,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF41D01C217B3B0" bold="true" box="[1080,1098,1138,1183]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1D01C119B3B0" box="[1299,1860,1138,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81D07C04DB3BF" author="Bleakney, J. S." box="[1300,1552,1139,1169]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="269 - 272" refId="ref66590" refString="Bleakney, J. S. 1967. Food items in two loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta caretta (L.) from Nova Scotia. Can. Field-Nat. 79: 269 - 272." type="journal article" year="1967">Bleakney (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1DD0C119B3EE" box="[307,1860,1187,1217]" gridrow="15" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1DD0C119B3EE" box="[307,1860,1187,1217]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFEFF1DD0C458B3EE" bold="true" box="[307,517,1187,1217]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Angiosperms</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1DBCC119B3D3" box="[307,1860,1231,1276]" gridrow="16" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1DBCC4F9B3D3" box="[307,676,1231,1276]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE961DA1C409B3C1" baseAuthorityName="Bronignart" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[346,596,1233,1263]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Cymodocea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE961DA1C409B3C1" box="[346,596,1233,1263]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Cymodocea nodosa</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261DBCC599B3D3" box="[746,964,1231,1276]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Madeira</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41DBCC280B3D3" box="[1080,1245,1231,1276]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF41DBCC216B3D3" bold="true" box="[1080,1099,1231,1276]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1DBCC119B3D3" box="[1299,1860,1231,1276]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADF1DA1C119B3C2" author="van Nierop, M. M. & J. C. den Hartog" box="[1299,1860,1232,1263]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="35 - 54" refId="ref95575" refString="van Nierop, M. M., and J. C. den Hartog. 1984. A study of the gut contents of five juvenile loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), from the southeastern part of the north Atlantic Ocean, with emphasis on coelenterate identification. Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 59 (4): 35 - 54." type="journal article" year="1984">van Nierop and den Hartog (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1D8DC119B232" box="[307,1860,1278,1309]" gridrow="17" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1D8DC4F9B232" box="[307,676,1278,1309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE911C73C44BB233" box="[349,534,1279,1309]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE911C73C780B232" box="[349,477,1280,1309]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Thalassia</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261D8DC599B232" box="[746,964,1278,1309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Not specific</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41D8DC280B232" box="[1080,1245,1278,1309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">U</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1D8DC119B232" box="[1299,1860,1278,1309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81D8CC0F2B234" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1300,1711,1278,1308]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD0004CFEFF1C52C119B261" box="[307,1860,1313,1358]" gridrow="18" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD0004CFEFF1C52C4F9B261" box="[307,676,1313,1358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD0FFFBFE9B1C5DC7B2B264" box="[343,495,1326,1355]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Zostera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFE9B1C5DC7EAB264" box="[343,439,1326,1355]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Zostera</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
sp.
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFD261C52C599B261" box="[746,964,1313,1358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">Not specific</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFBF41C52C280B261" box="[1080,1245,1313,1358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD0FFFBFBF21C52C204B261" bold="true" box="[1086,1113,1313,1358]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">U</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD0004CFADF1C52C119B261" box="[1299,1860,1313,1358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAD81C5DC0F3B265" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1300,1710,1325,1355]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFD0FFFBFEFF1C07C46BB29D" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[307,1860,398,1358]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFEFF1C07C46EB2BA" blockId="72.[307,566,1396,1466]" box="[307,563,1396,1429]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">aAs Nautilograpsur.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFEFF1CE1C46BB29D" blockId="72.[307,566,1396,1466]" box="[307,566,1426,1466]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">bcarapace shields.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFE96101CC045B054" blockId="72.[298,1249,2415,3009]" lastBlockId="72.[1299,2241,1572,1915]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
In captivity, hatchlings have been fed oysters (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFBB9101CC7DABEE7" author="Coker, R. E." pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref69818" refString="Coker, R. E. 1906. Natural history of cultivation of the diamond-back terrapin, with notes on other forms of turtles. N. C. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 14." type="book" year="1906">Coker 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); fish (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFDC710D3C250BEE7" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[523,1037,2464,2504]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); stingrays, octopods, and squid (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFD1A10A0C258BED5" author="Vollbrecht, J. L." box="[726,1029,2515,2554]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref95706" refString="Vollbrecht, J. L. 1947. Skeeter turtle hunt. Fla. Outdoors, June: 6 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1947">Vollbrecht 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); raw beef (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFEF21377C463BD02" author="Cadenat, J." box="[318,574,2564,2605]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="1358 - 1375" refId="ref68301" refString="Cadenat, J. 1957. Observations de cetaces, sireniens, cheloniens et sauriens en 1955 - 1956. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 19: 1358 - 1375." type="journal article" year="1957">Cadenat 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); octopus, shrimp, and marine fish (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFEF21344C446BD70" author="Sachsse, W." box="[318,539,2615,2655]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="88 - 93" refId="ref90848" refString="Sachsse, W. 1970. Eine Aufzuchtmethode fuer junge Seeschildkroten mit einigen zusaetzlichen Beobachtungen. Salamandra 6: 88 - 93." type="journal article" year="1970">Sachsse 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); ground crab, fish, and commercial trout pellets (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFE731319C56DBDBD" author="Stickney, R. R. & D. B. White & D. Perlmutter" box="[447,816,2666,2706]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref93756" refString="Stickney, R. R., D. B. White, and D. Perlmutter. 1973. Growth of green and loggerhead sea turtles in Georgia on natural and artificial diets. Bull. Ga. Acad. Sei. 31: 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="1973">Stickney et al. 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); jellyfish and molluscs (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFEF313EEC418BDEA" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[319,581,2717,2757]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); shrimp and fish, including shark (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFEF113A3C421BDD7" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[317,636,2768,2808]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref80262" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1975 a. Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad. Caldasia 11 (53): 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1975">Kaufmann 1975a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); cooked crab supplemented by jellyfish (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFE1A1271C5FFBC04" author="Witham, R. & C. R. Futch" box="[470,930,2818,2859]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref96586" refString="Witham, R., and C. R. Futch. 1977. Early growth and oceanic survival of pen-reared sea turtles. Herpetologica 33: 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1977">Witham and Futch 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); horse mackerel (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFEF11246C55BBC72" author="Nuitja, I. N. S. & I. Uchida" box="[317,774,2869,2909]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="157 - 160" refId="ref86719" refString="Nuitja, I. N. S., and I. Uchida. 1982. Preliminary studies on the growth and food consumption of the juvenile loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta L.) in captivity. Aquaculture 27: 157 - 160." type="journal article" year="1982">Nuitja and Uchida 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); fish supplemented with squid, clams, scallops, and shrimp (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFC4F1214C7D9BCEE" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); and pelleted fish food and herring (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFC3212EAC0F8B163" author="Hendrickson, L. P. & J. R. Hendrickson" box="[1022,1701,1572,3009]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref76715" refString="Hendrickson, L. P., and J. R. Hendrickson. 1986. Experimental evaluation of graft-marking procedures for sea turtles. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Endang. Species Rep. No. 14, 27 pp." type="book" year="1986">Hendrickson and Hendrickson 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Juveniles and subadults have been fed fish, blue crabs, and clams (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF8601F24C3B9B19E" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); and fish, squid, lobster, mussels, whelks, other molluscs, and horseshoe crabs (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF81E1FC8CEF6B1CD" author="Layne, J. N." box="[2002,2219,1723,1762]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Adults have been kept on fish scraps (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF80B1F9ECEF6B03A" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[1991,2219,1773,1813]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), crabs, horseshoe crabs, and other benthic invertebrates (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFAED1E20C05AB054" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1313,1543,1875,1915]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFFBFA0C1E9AC15EBF20" blockId="72.[1472,1795,2025,2063]" box="[1472,1795,2025,2063]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD0FFFBFA0C1E9AC15EBF20" box="[1472,1795,2025,2063]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">3.4.3 Growth rate</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD0FFF9FAF01138C7B6B4BA" blockId="72.[1295,2240,2123,3009]" lastBlockId="74.[316,1259,321,917]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="72" pageNumber="66">
|
||
|
|
Much of the early work on growth rates of loggerheads was based on captive individuals. Often, sample sizes were small and the diet, feeding conditions, or holding conditions were not reported. Hence, the value of some studies to understanding growth rates in loggerhead populations is questionable. Growth rates during the first year in captivity have been plotted for five published studies (Fig. 8) by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF8D010D3CE55BEE7" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1820,2056,2464,2504]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="5 - 8" refId="ref73427" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1982. Growth and age at maturity ofloggerhead sea turtles: review and prospectus. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 22: 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazer (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
:
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF7E410D3C380BED5" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFA3410A1C176BED5" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1528,1835,2514,2554]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref80064" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1967. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft Gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 1: 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaufmann (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF88B10A1CEEDBED5" author="Stickney, R. R. & D. B. White & D. Perlmutter" box="[1863,2224,2514,2554]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref93756" refString="Stickney, R. R., D. B. White, and D. Perlmutter. 1973. Growth of green and loggerhead sea turtles in Georgia on natural and artificial diets. Bull. Ga. Acad. Sei. 31: 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="1973">Stickney et al. (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADD1376C3B2BD02" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1297,1519,2565,2605]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF9951376CE43BD02" author="Witham, R. & C. R. Futch" box="[1625,2078,2565,2605]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref96586" refString="Witham, R., and C. R. Futch. 1977. Early growth and oceanic survival of pen-reared sea turtles. Herpetologica 33: 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1977">Witham and Futch (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Growth rates beyond the first year in captivity (Fig. 9) were plotted by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFA011318C0EBBDBC" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1485,1718,2667,2707]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="5 - 8" refId="ref73427" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1982. Growth and age at maturity ofloggerhead sea turtles: review and prospectus. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 22: 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazer (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for the studies of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF83A1318C03DBDE9" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF94513EDC1DFBDE9" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1673,1922,2718,2758]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="367 - 373" refId="ref87550" refString="Parker, G. H. 1929. The growth of the loggerhead turtle. Am. Nat. 63: 367 - 373." type="journal article" year="1929">Parker (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF86013EDCEF2BDE9" author="Uchida, I." box="[1964,2223,2718,2758]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBFADD13A3C0D1BDD7" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1297,1676,2768,2808]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF8C413A3CE7BBDD7" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[1800,2086,2768,2808]" pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref92065" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1981. A long term internal tag for sea turtles. Northeast Gulf Sei. 5: 87 - 93." type="journal article" year="1981">Schwartz (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD0FFFBF78713A3C326BC04" author="Parker, G. H." pageId="72" pageNumber="66" pagination="422 - 424" refId="ref87522" refString="Parker, G. H. 1926. The growth of turtles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 12: 422 - 424." type="journal article" year="1926">Parker (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
followed the growth of four loggerheads, noting that one grew to 53 cm SLCL and 19 kg only 3 yr after hatching. Three nearly 5 -month-old loggerheads weighed 565, 625, and 1,300 g, respectively. Parker (1926) concluded that adult weight might be reached faster than previously suspected, given these growth rates. At 4.5 yr old, the turtle mentioned by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAFBFE1F2CC73EB192" author="Parker, G. H." pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="422 - 424" refId="ref87522" refString="Parker, G. H. 1926. The growth of turtles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 12: 422 - 424." type="journal article" year="1926">Parker (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
measured 63 cm and weighed 37 kg, while the three younger turtles weighed between 8.5 kg and 18 kg (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAFECA1F86C780B00F" author="Parker, G. H." box="[262,477,1781,1824]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="367 - 373" refId="ref87550" refString="Parker, G. H. 1929. The growth of the loggerhead turtle. Am. Nat. 63: 367 - 373." type="journal article" year="1929">Parker 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The lower growth rates were similar to those reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAFDE41E55C27CB07F" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[552,1057,1830,1872]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for two loggerheads raised for 6 yr; at release, these animals weighed 25 kg and 27.5 kg.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF9001F5AC199B17C" author="Uchida, I." box="[1740,1988,1577,1619]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
raised two loggerheads for 4.5 yr, at which time they were 67-73 cm; based on this growth rate, he estimated the age at sexual maturity to be 6-7 yr.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8FE1FCDCED9B1C7" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1842,2180,1726,1768]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
raised four young for 2.5 yr, at which time they weighed 1.95 kg.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAFAB01E52C027B065" author="Sachsse, W." box="[1404,1658,1825,1866]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="88 - 93" refId="ref90848" refString="Sachsse, W. 1970. Eine Aufzuchtmethode fuer junge Seeschildkroten mit einigen zusaetzlichen Beobachtungen. Salamandra 6: 88 - 93." type="journal article" year="1970">Sachsse (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
raised two specimens, which reached 17.8 cm and 18.1 cm after 1 yr.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FBFC1832C7FAB6B4" author="Kaufmann, R." pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref80064" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1967. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft Gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 1: 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaufmann (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that captive
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD2FFF9FCEC1807C5D4B6B4" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[800,905,372,411]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9FCEC1807C5D4B6B4" box="[800,905,372,411]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
grew from an SLCL of 4.46 cm and weight of 18.1 g at hatching to 13.5 cm SLCL and 393.7 g at 5 mo and 15.9 cm SLCL and 653.0 g at 7 mo. After 2 yr, these figures increased to 18.28 cm SLCL and 754.8 g at 15 mo and 39.83 cm SLCL and 855.9 g at 2 yr (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FCD71B03C266B5B7" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[795,1083,624,664]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="105 - 112" refId="ref80190" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1972. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. II. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 6: 105 - 112." type="journal article" year="1972">Kaufmann 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FB911B03C42FB5E5" author="Witham, R. & C. R. Futch" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref96586" refString="Witham, R., and C. R. Futch. 1977. Early growth and oceanic survival of pen-reared sea turtles. Herpetologica 33: 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1977">Witham and Futch (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads grew to 18.1 cm SLCL and 1.28 kg
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9FC971BA6C5D7B5D2" box="[859,906,725,765]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 25) after 1 yr.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FEF11A7BC414B41F" author="Schwartz, F. J." box="[317,585,776,816]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref92065" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1981. A long term internal tag for sea turtles. Northeast Gulf Sei. 5: 87 - 93." type="journal article" year="1981">Schwartz (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
raised three batches ofhatchlings which weighed 5.99 kg, 3.14 kg, and 4.85 kg, respectively, after 3 yr.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD1FFFAF9FF1B38C0B3B339" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224190/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" startId="73.[1587,1639,587,625]" subCaptionStartIDs="73.[1625,1724,672,708]" subCaptionStarts="Figure f" targetBox="[253,1481,348,1333]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9FF1B38CE5EB5EB" blockId="73.[1587,2179,587,708]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD1FFFAF9FF1B38C0C2B55E" bold="true" box="[1587,1695,587,625]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Growth rates for loggerheads during the first year of activity. Figure from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8EA1BD3C1A4B5EB" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1830,2041,672,708]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="5 - 8" refId="ref73427" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1982. Growth and age at maturity ofloggerhead sea turtles: review and prospectus. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 22: 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazer (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9FF1B80C0B3B339" blockId="73.[1587,2179,755,1046]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(%¼) Meanfrom
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8961B80CE28B436" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[1882,2165,755,793]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref80064" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1967. Wachstumsraten in Gefangenschaft Gehaltener Meeresschildkroten. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Aleman Invest. Cient. 1: 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaufmann (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; (V) Mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8F51A6FCE2AB46C" author="Caldwell, D. K. & A. Carr & R. Hellier" box="[1849,2167,796,835]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref68727" refString="Caldwell, D. K., A. Carr, andT. R. Hellier. Jr. 1955. Natural history notes on the Atlantic loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta caretta. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sei. 18: 292 - 302." type="journal article" year="1955">Caldwell et al. (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; (•) Grand mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8661A35C0B7B4B6" author="Stickney, R. R. & D. B. White & D. Perlmutter" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref93756" refString="Stickney, R. R., D. B. White, and D. Perlmutter. 1973. Growth of green and loggerhead sea turtles in Georgia on natural and artificial diets. Bull. Ga. Acad. Sei. 31: 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="1973">Stickney et al. (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;) (O) Mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8841AE8CE4DB4EF" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1864,2064,923,960]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; (%) Mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8821AB0C0B9B339" author="Witham, R. & C. R. Futch" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref96586" refString="Witham, R., and C. R. Futch. 1977. Early growth and oceanic survival of pen-reared sea turtles. Herpetologica 33: 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1977">Witham and Futch (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD1FFFAF9F81100C0B2BD99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14224192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14224192/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" startId="73.[1588,1640,2163,2200]" subCaptionStartIDs="73.[1625,1725,2248,2283]" subCaptionStarts="Figure f" targetBox="[255,1490,2058,3019]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F81100CE59BFC4" blockId="73.[1588,2180,2163,2283]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD1FFFAF9F81100C0FDBFB7" bold="true" box="[1588,1696,2163,2200]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Growth rates for loggerheads beyond the first year in captivity. Figure from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8EB11BBC1A6BFC4" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1831,2043,2248,2283]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="5 - 8" refId="ref73427" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1982. Growth and age at maturity ofloggerhead sea turtles: review and prospectus. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 22: 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1982">Frazer (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9FF1068CEDCBE6F" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" box="[1587,2177,2331,2368]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(%) Calculated from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF85B1068CE34BE6F" author="Uchida, I." box="[1943,2153,2331,2368]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida(1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F81036C12EBEBD" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(O) Data for
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8D71036CE56BE45" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1819,2059,2373,2410]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="367 - 373" refId="ref87550" refString="Parker, G. H. 1929. The growth of the loggerhead turtle. Am. Nat. 63: 367 - 373." type="journal article" year="1929">Parker's (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
fastestgrowing turtle;
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F810EBC1D9BEC9" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(•) Mean for three other turtles of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF94510B0C12ABEC9" author="Parker, G. H." box="[1673,1911,2499,2534]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="367 - 373" refId="ref87550" refString="Parker, G. H. 1929. The growth of the loggerhead turtle. Am. Nat. 63: 367 - 373." type="journal article" year="1929">Parker's (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F8109FC13ABD16" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(V) Mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF8BF109FC107BD16" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F8134CCEDFBD4C" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" box="[1588,2178,2623,2659]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(%¡) Mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF88E134CCE28BD4C" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1858,2165,2623,2659]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD1FFFAF9F8131BC0B2BD99" blockId="73.[1587,2185,2331,2742]" pageId="73" pageNumber="67">
|
||
|
|
(%¼) Grand mean from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD1FFFAF838131BC0AEBD99" author="Schwartz, F. J." pageId="73" pageNumber="67" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref92065" refString="Schwartz, F. J. 1981. A long term internal tag for sea turtles. Northeast Gulf Sei. 5: 87 - 93." type="journal article" year="1981">Schwartz (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF9FEA91AA6C433B1A6" blockId="74.[315,1263,981,1673]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
Diet differences and varied rearing conditions may account for some of the differences in the figures reported in the previous paragraph. Over a 3-mo period,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FEF11D1CC4F4B3B8" author="Stickney, R. R. & D. B. White & D. Perlmutter" box="[317,681,1135,1175]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref93756" refString="Stickney, R. R., D. B. White, and D. Perlmutter. 1973. Growth of green and loggerhead sea turtles in Georgia on natural and artificial diets. Bull. Ga. Acad. Sei. 31: 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="1973">Stickney et al. (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported average weight gains of 11.7 g on a commercial pellet diet, 65.4 g on a halfpellet-half-fish diet, 60.5 g on a fish diet, and 24.5 g on a crab diet. Increased food rations led to increased growth rates (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FDF01C4BC5A0B270" author="Nuitja, I. N. S. & I. Uchida" box="[572,1021,1336,1375]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="157 - 160" refId="ref86719" refString="Nuitja, I. N. S., and I. Uchida. 1982. Preliminary studies on the growth and food consumption of the juvenile loggerhead turtle {Caretta caretta L.) in captivity. Aquaculture 27: 157 - 160." type="journal article" year="1982">Nuitja and Uchida 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FBEB1C4BC40CB2BF" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
applied both the logistic and von Bertalanffy equations to the growth of two captive loggerheads (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD2FFF9FE791CBFC40DB2DC" box="[437,592,1484,1523]" captionStart="Table 29" captionStartId="74.[314,413,1928,1967]" captionTargetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" captionText="Table 29. Logistic, von Bertalanffy equation, and regression values for carapace length growth in the loggerhead sea turtle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080">Table 29</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and showed that the logistic equation provided a better estimate of carapace length. They thus supported
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FE231F43C4A0B178" author="Uchida, I." box="[495,765,1584,1623]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida's (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
findings on Japanese loggerheads (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD2FFF9FE761F11C400B1A6" box="[442,605,1634,1673]" captionStart="Table 29" captionStartId="74.[314,413,1928,1967]" captionTargetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" captionText="Table 29. Logistic, von Bertalanffy equation, and regression values for carapace length growth in the loggerhead sea turtle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080">Table 29</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF9FEA81FB5C091B1A5" blockId="74.[314,1262,1734,1823]" lastBlockId="74.[1309,2257,321,1674]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
There have been fewer studies of the growth rates of wild loggerheads because of the difficulty in recapturing animals previously marked. There also are additional potential problems in determining growth rates from recaptured animals, since Shoop and Ruckdeschel (1986) have pointed out that even experienced individuals may obtain quite different measurements of a particular sea turtle carapace. There are no estimates on hatchling and juvenile growth rates based on marked and recaptured animals. In a preliminary report,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F7B41BD1C38AB5D2" author="Limpus, CJ" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref82247" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1979. Notes on growth rates of wild turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 10: 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1979">Limpus (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported values <1.5 cm/yr for subadults, and even smaller values (<0.26 cm/yr) for adults (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD2FFF9FAE11A48C393B44C" box="[1325,1486,827,867]" captionStart="Table 26" captionStartId="59.[245,344,1870,1906]" captionTargetBox="[242,2175,2002,2897]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Table 26. Growth rates and estimated age at maturity of loggerhead sea turtles. C = captive turtles; W wild turtles. Some values were derivedfrom Part 3 of the Appendix in Zug et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A">Table 26</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). He later estimated that Australian adults grow an average of only 0.2 cm/yr while subadults grow an average of 1.0 cm/yr (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F9001AD2C1EEB4E5" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1740,1971,929,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The only other growth rate estimates are those of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8A91AA6CECFB4D1" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1893,2194,981,1022]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for a lagoonal population of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD2FFF9F90A1D7AC172B31F" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1734,1839,1033,1072]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9F90A1D7AC172B31F" box="[1734,1839,1033,1072]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Florida: 13 subadults grew an average of 5.90 cm/yr. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8501D4FCE90B34A" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1948,2253,1084,1125]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FABA1D1CC026B3B8" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1398,1659,1135,1175]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that growth rates decline dramatically as sexual maturity is reached. Contrary to the findings on captive loggerheads,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F84B1DA6C3D7B201" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that growth in straight-line carapace length fits the von Bertalanffy growth model better than the logistic model for Florida lagoonal subadults (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD2FFF9FAE51CE8C390B2ED" box="[1321,1485,1435,1474]" captionStart="Table 29" captionStartId="74.[314,413,1928,1967]" captionTargetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" captionText="Table 29. Logistic, von Bertalanffy equation, and regression values for carapace length growth in the loggerhead sea turtle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080">Table 29</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). When compared with other species, Australian green and loggerhead turtles appear to grow at similar rates (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F9FF1C8CC14BB109" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1587,1814,1535,1574]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref82247" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1979. Notes on growth rates of wild turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 10: 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1979">Limpus 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), whereas lagoonal
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD2FFF9F7AA1C8CCE90B109" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[2150,2253,1535,1574]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9F7AA1C8CCE90B109" box="[2150,2253,1535,1574]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in Florida grow at twice the rate of lagoonal
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD2FFF9F7871F42C09FB1A5" authority="(Mendonca 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9F7871F42C321B1A5" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Chelonia mydas</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9FA561F10C0E6B1A5" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1434,1723,1635,1674]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF8FA8B1FB4C5FFB4CA" blockId="74.[1310,2251,1735,1825]" lastBlockId="75.[246,1188,353,997]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
The humerus bones of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD2FFF9F9371FB4C138B1C0" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1787,1893,1735,1775]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9F9371FB4C138B1C0" box="[1787,1893,1735,1775]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
show distinct rings assumed to contain a record of annual growth. Zug et al. (1983, 1986) have used such skeletochronological marks to obtain an estimate of 13-15 yr for sexual maturity in Georgia loggerheads. Ages were determined by dividing half the humerus diameter by the average width of the extant growth rings. Age estimates derived from the long axis of the humerus were usually 10 or more years higher than those obtained from the short axis; short axis estimates were considered more reliable (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FB931BB1C7F1B432" author="Zug, G. R." pageId="75" pageNumber="69" refId="ref97344" refString="Zug, G. R. 1986. Age determination ofloggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, by incremental growth marks in the skeleton. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. No. 427." type="book" year="1986">Zug et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors noted the absence of growth rings in some specimens; irregular, interrupted, or accessory arrested growth lines; and the loss of growth lines because of bone remodeling, which could hamper age determination of individual specimens.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" box="[314,2237,1928,1967]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" startId="74.[314,413,1928,1967]" targetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="74" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" blockId="74.[314,2237,1928,1967]" box="[314,2237,1928,1967]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
Table 29.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD2FFF9FE361EFBCEE0B080" box="[506,2237,1928,1967]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Logistic, von Bertalanffy equation, and regression values for carapace length growth in the loggerhead sea turtle.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF9FEF71EAECE79BC50" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFD2004CFEF91EAECE97BC50" box="[309,2250,2013,2943]" gridcols="6" gridrows="11" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91EAECE97BF2E" box="[309,2250,2013,2049]" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91EAEC7AABF2E" box="[309,503,2013,2049]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Location</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFD121EAEC55CBF2E" box="[734,769,2013,2049]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">N</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B1EAEC275BF2E" box="[951,1064,2013,2049]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">a(cm)</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1EAEC3E4BF2E" box="[1121,1465,2013,2049]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">K</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CF8C11EAECE97BF2E" box="[1805,2250,2013,2049]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Reference</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF9113CCE97BFBA" box="[309,2250,2127,2197]" gridrow="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF9113CCE97BFBA" box="[309,2250,2127,2197]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
Logistic L (1 + be"
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFD2FFF9FD01111DC4B6BFAD" attach="none" box="[717,747,2158,2178]" fontSize="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">kt</superScript>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF911C9CE97BE27" box="[309,2250,2234,2312]" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF911C9C7AABE27" box="[309,503,2234,2312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B11C9C275BE27" box="[951,1064,2234,2312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">104.1 97.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD11C9C3E4BE27" box="[1121,1465,2234,2312]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.703 0.710</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA3511C9C001BE27" box="[1529,1628,2234,2312]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">1.13 1.08</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C111C9CE97BE27" box="[1805,2250,2234,2312]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8DD11C9C1AFBFF2" author="Uchida, I." box="[1809,2034,2234,2269]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91059CE97BE53" box="[309,2250,2346,2428]" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91059C55CBE53" box="[309,769,2346,2428]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">N. Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B1059C275BE53" box="[951,1064,2346,2428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">91.8 99.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1059C3E4BE53" box="[1121,1465,2346,2428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.325 0.264</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA351059C001BE53" box="[1529,1628,2346,2428]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">13.0 12.2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C11059CE97BE53" box="[1805,2250,2346,2428]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8DD105ECE97BE7F" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" box="[1809,2250,2349,2384]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF910ECCE97BEEA" box="[309,2250,2463,2501]" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF910ECC7AABEEA" box="[309,503,2463,2501]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFD1210ECC55CBEEA" box="[734,769,2463,2501]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B10ECC275BEEA" box="[951,1064,2463,2501]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">94.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD10ECC3E4BEEA" box="[1121,1465,2463,2501]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.143</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA3510ECC001BEEA" box="[1529,1628,2463,2501]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.95</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C110ECCE97BEEA" box="[1805,2250,2463,2501]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8DC10D2CEE8BEEA" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1808,2229,2465,2501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91086CE97BD0F" box="[309,2250,2549,2592]" gridrow="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91086CE97BD0F" box="[309,2250,2549,2592]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">von Bertalanffy L = a(l - be ')</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91337CE97BD44" box="[309,2250,2628,2667]" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91337C7AABDB5" box="[309,503,2628,2714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">N. Carolina</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFD121337C55CBDB5" box="[734,769,2628,2714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">2</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B1337C275BD44" box="[951,1064,2628,2667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">1,228.0</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1337C3E4BD44" box="[1121,1465,2628,2667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.0041</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA351337C001BD44" box="[1529,1628,2628,2667]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.997</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C11337CE97BD44" box="[1805,2250,2628,2667]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8DC1335CE94BD44" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" box="[1808,2249,2630,2667]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91307CE97BDB5" box="[309,2250,2676,2714]" gridrow="7" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B1307C275BDB5" box="[951,1064,2676,2714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">541.8</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1307C3E4BDB5" box="[1121,1465,2676,2714]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.0081</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA351307C001BDB5" box="[1529,1628,2676,2714]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.990</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C11307CE97BDB5" box="[1805,2250,2676,2714]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8C31306CE94BDB5" author="Frazer, N. B. & F. J. Schwartz" box="[1807,2249,2677,2714]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref73837" refString="Frazer, N. B., and F. J. Schwartz. 1984. Growth curves for captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, in North Carolina, USA. Bull. Mar. Sei. 34: 485 - 489." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer and Schwartz (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF913C8CE97BDCE" box="[309,2250,2747,2785]" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF913C8C7AABDCE" box="[309,503,2747,2785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFD1213C8C55CBDCE" box="[734,769,2747,2785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">20</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFC7B13C8C275BDCE" box="[951,1064,2747,2785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">94.6</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD13C8C3E4BDCE" box="[1121,1465,2747,2785]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.120</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFA3513C8C001BDCE" box="[1529,1628,2747,2785]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">0.952</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C113C8CE97BDCE" box="[1805,2250,2747,2785]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8C313CECEE9BDCE" author="Frazer, N. B. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1807,2228,2749,2785]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="73 - 79" refId="ref73655" refString="Frazer, N. B., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1985. Preliminary growth models for green, Chelonia mydas, and loggerhead, Caretta caretta, turtles in the wild. Copeia 1985: 73 - 79." type="journal article" year="1985">Frazer and Ehrhart (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91265CE97BC16" box="[309,2250,2838,2873]" gridrow="9" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91265C275BC16" box="[309,1064,2838,2873]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Regression</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1265CE97BC16" box="[1121,2250,2838,2873]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Equation</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFD2004CFEF91229CE97BC50" box="[309,2250,2906,2943]" gridrow="10" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFD2004CFEF91229C7AABC50" box="[309,503,2906,2943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFD121229C55CBC50" box="[734,769,2906,2943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">13</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CFBAD1229C3E4BC50" box="[1121,1465,2906,2943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
Y == 0.48 x -0.04
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFD2FFF9FA671229C3E4BC42" attach="left" box="[1451,1465,2906,2925]" fontSize="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFD2004CF8C11229CE97BC50" box="[1805,2250,2906,2943]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD2FFF9F8C11211CE79BC50" author="Mendonca, M. T." box="[1805,2084,2914,2943]" journalOrPublisher="J. Herpetol." pageId="74" pageNumber="68" pagination="447 - 451" part="15" refId="ref84961" refString="Mendonca, M. T. 1981. Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida. J. Herpetol. 15: 447 - 451." title="Comparative growth rates of wild immature Cheloma mydas and Caretta caretta in Florida." type="journal article" year="1981">Mendonca (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD2FFF9FEF412D1C07ABCE7" blockId="74.[312,1575,2978,3019]" box="[312,1575,2978,3019]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFD2FFF9FEF412D1C07ABCE7" box="[312,1575,2978,3019]" pageId="74" pageNumber="68" targetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" targetPageId="74">
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFD2FFF9FEF412D1C71EBC98" attach="right" box="[312,323,2978,2999]" fontSize="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="68">a</superScript>
|
||
|
|
Regression of carapace length at recapture versus number of months since first capture.
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FED31D50C517B288" blockId="75.[245,1185,1059,1447]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
|
|
Other growth parameters are the length-weight relations presented by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FD871D26C5E5B353" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[587,952,1109,1148]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FBD71D26C70EB380" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart (1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD3FFF8FEA91DF4C7DDB380" box="[357,384,1159,1199]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FE5E1DF4C40DB380" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[402,592,1159,1199]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="336 - 341" refId="ref77416" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1982. Weight and length relationships of some adult marine turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. 32: 336 - 341." type="journal article" year="1982">Hirth 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) using log-log transformed data.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FF3A1DC9C7A1B3CE" author="Uchida, I." box="[246,508,1210,1249]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FDBB1DC9C5B9B3CE" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[631,996,1210,1249]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">Anonymous (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
used the allometric growth equation to express the relation between carapace length or width and a variety of meristic characters in captive loggerheads. These studies are summarized in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD3FFF8FDC71CF2C4E8B288" box="[523,693,1409,1447]" captionStart="Table 30" captionStartId="80.[289,388,341,381]" captionTargetBox="[291,2225,480,668]" captionText="Table 30. Regression of log weight (Y) in kg on log carapace length (X) in cm in the sea turtle Caretta caretta using the equation log Y = a + b log Xfrom selected studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681">Tables 30</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD3FFF8FCD51CF2C517B288" box="[793,842,1409,1447]" captionStart="Table 31" captionStartId="80.[284,383,2357,2390]" captionTargetBox="[278,2216,2476,2928]" captionText="Table 31. The relationship between various meristic characters in several studies of captive loggerheads, using the allometric" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD">31.</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FE6D1F64C486B112" blockId="75.[417,731,1559,1597]" box="[417,731,1559,1597]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD3FFF8FE6D1F64C486B112" box="[417,731,1559,1597]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">3.4. 4 Metabolism</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FED11F0FC427BF00" blockId="75.[243,1184,1660,2095]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
|
|
There is only one published study on the metabolic rates ofloggerhead sea turtles, and this focused on hatchlings (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FE921F93C456B029" author="Dial, B. E." box="[350,523,1760,1798]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="307 - 315" refId="ref71883" refString="Dial, B. E. 1987. Energetics and performance during nest emergence and the hatchling frenzy in loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta). Herpetologica 43 (3): 307 - 315." type="journal article" year="1987">Dial 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Hatchling frenzy results in a 22 -fold increase in lactate concentration (x = 0.919 mg/g) over resting concentrations.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FD161E31C5C5B046" author="Dial, B. E." box="[730,920,1858,1897]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="307 - 315" refId="ref71883" refString="Dial, B. E. 1987. Energetics and performance during nest emergence and the hatchling frenzy in loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta). Herpetologica 43 (3): 307 - 315." type="journal article" year="1987">Dial (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
concluded that anaerobic metabolism during the hatchling frenzy represents a physiological adaptation for energetic support to quickly traverse the beach and thus minimize exposure to predators.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FED1111FC52BBC64" blockId="75.[241,1182,2156,2891]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads are reported to wedge themselves into crevices, and some observers have inferred that they sleep at this time. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FCC911B7C581BFD5" author="Susie, V." box="[773,988,2244,2298]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="81 - 87" refId="ref94288" refString="Susie, V. 1972. Electrographic and behavioural correlations of the rest-activity cycle in the sea turtle, Caretta caretta L. (Chelonia). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 10 (l): 81 - 87." type="book chapter" year="1972">Susie (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
concluded that loggerheads do not sleep, but instead alternate between periods of inactivity and activity that are simultaneous with a nonaltered level of responsiveness. Loggerheads appear to hibernate in some areas (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FB8010E4C7C1BEDF" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & L. Ogren & C. McVea" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref69341" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., L. Ogren, and C. McVea. 1981. Apparent hibernation by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta off Cape Canaveral, Florida. Biol. Conserv. 19: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">Carr et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FE7610BBC503BEDF" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[442,862,2504,2544]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although brumation may be a better term since it does not imply the physiological and metabolic changes associated with hibernation by endotherms. It is unknown what metabolic changes, if any, occur during the period of inactivity described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FD9113C4C565BDC4" author="Susie, V." box="[605,824,2743,2795]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="81 - 87" refId="ref94288" refString="Susie, V. 1972. Electrographic and behavioural correlations of the rest-activity cycle in the sea turtle, Caretta caretta L. (Chelonia). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 10 (l): 81 - 87." type="book chapter" year="1972">Susie (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
or the hibernation (i. e., brumation) that occurs during winter on the southeast coast of the United States.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FED112FAC0B6B49C" blockId="75.[243,1181,2953,3043]" lastBlockId="75.[1238,2182,352,947]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FED112FAC52FBC9E" author="Schmidt-Nielsen, K. & R. Fange" box="[285,882,2953,2993]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="783 - 785" refId="ref91381" refString="Schmidt-Nielsen, K., and R. Fange. 1958. Salt glands in marine reptiles. Nature 182: 783 - 785." type="journal article" year="1958">Schmidt-Nielsen and Fange (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described and illustrated the salt gland of the loggerhead. It is a large gland, located in the orbit of the eye, divided into about 100 lobes separated by blood vessels and connective tissue. The gland consists of closely packed branching glandular tubules radiating from central ducts in the lobe. These post-orbital glands regulate levels of the majority of solutes in the body fluid, and can concentrate salts to twice that of body fluids (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F8421BFCCE32B599" author="Prange, H. D." box="[1934,2159,655,694]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="771 - 776" refId="ref88451" refString="Prange, H. D. 1985. Renal and extra-renal mechanisms of salt and water regulation of sea turtles: a speculative review. Copeia 1985: 771 - 776." type="journal article" year="1985">Prange 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Osmotic concentration also occurs in the urine, but
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FB1B1B87C3E2B433" author="Prange, H. D." box="[1239,1471,756,796]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="771 - 776" refId="ref88451" refString="Prange, H. D. 1985. Renal and extra-renal mechanisms of salt and water regulation of sea turtles: a speculative review. Copeia 1985: 771 - 776." type="journal article" year="1985">Prange (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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believed such concentration was primarily involved with waste excretion, and that the ionic and osmotic regulation of body fluids in sea turtles did not necessarily imply homeostasis.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FACC1A83CE21B18C" blockId="75.[1236,2178,1008,1699]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FACC1A83C0A0B338" author="Sapsford, C. W. & R. Hughes" box="[1280,1789,1008,1047]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="63 - 69" refId="ref91127" refString="Sapsford, C. W., andG. R. Hughes. 1978. Body temperature of the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta and the leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea during nesting. Zool. Afr. 13: 63 - 69." type="journal article" year="1978">Sapsford and Hughes (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
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measured the cloacal temperatures of 11 nesting female loggerheads in Tongaland, South Africa. These nesting females had body temperatures that averaged 2.85°C (range 1.1-4.5 ° C) above the sea temperature. These authors attributed the increased temperature to absorption of solar radiation rather than muscular activity associated with leaving the ocean or metabolic heat.
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F9521C3CC31DB287" author="Sapsford, C. W. & M. van der Riet" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="471 - 474" refId="ref91171" refString="Sapsford, C. W., and M. van der Riet. 1979. Uptake of solar radiation by the sea turtle, Caretta caretta, during voluntary surface basking. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 63 A: 471 - 474." type="journal article" year="1979">Sapsford and Van der Riet (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
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noted that a captive loggerhead raised its body temperature up to 3.75° C above the water temperature through basking on clear days. On cloudy days, the temperature rise did not occur.
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F8CE1F64C3C5B15E" author="Sapsford, C. W. & M. van der Riet" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="471 - 474" refId="ref91171" refString="Sapsford, C. W., and M. van der Riet. 1979. Uptake of solar radiation by the sea turtle, Caretta caretta, during voluntary surface basking. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 63 A: 471 - 474." type="journal article" year="1979">Sapsford and Van der Riet (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
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suggested that pulmonary circulation was important in heat transfer to the internal body organs.
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FAF81E61C047B019" blockId="75.[1332,2098,1810,1897]" box="[1332,1562,1810,1846]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
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<heading id="9722BC61FFD3FFF8FAF81E61C047B019" box="[1332,1562,1810,1846]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">3.5 Behavior</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFF8FAB31E30CE6FB046" blockId="75.[1332,2098,1810,1897]" box="[1407,2098,1859,1897]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
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<heading id="9722BC61FFD3FFF8FAB31E30CE6FB046" box="[1407,2098,1859,1897]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">3.5. 1 Migrations and local movements</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD3FFFFFB301ED4C42CB58A" blockId="75.[1232,2178,1959,3044]" lastBlockId="76.[322,1265,333,677]" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
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Because they nest in mostly temperate and subtropical regions, loggerheads are assumed to migrate between reproductive habitats and wintering areas; little is known about migrations of males. Group migration is unknown in
|
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD3FFF8FA65111EC047BFBA" box="[1449,1562,2157,2197]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">
|
||
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|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD3FFF8FA65111EC04BBFBA" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1449,1558,2157,2197]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
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.
|
||
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</emphasis>
|
||
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As previously noted (section 2.2.2), loggerheads may remain year-round in offshore waters. In Florida, some individuals go to the soft bottom of the Canaveral Ship Channel or the bottom off West Palm Beach, where they are found encased in mud (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F7E31046C3D3BEA1" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & L. Ogren & C. McVea" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref69341" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., L. Ogren, and C. McVea. 1981. Apparent hibernation by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta off Cape Canaveral, Florida. Biol. Conserv. 19: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1981">Carr et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8FA791015C130BEA1" author="Ogren, L. H. & C. McVea, Jr." box="[1461,1901,2406,2446]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" refId="ref86813" refString="Ogren, L. H., and C. McVea, Jr. 1982. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. Pages 127 - 132 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ogren and McVea 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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;
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F85E1015CE35BEA1" author="Rouse, N." box="[1938,2152,2406,2446]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="281 - 283" refId="ref90617" refString="Rouse, N. 1984. Buried alive! Sea Frontiers 30: 281 - 283." type="journal article" year="1984">Rouse 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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). Whether they actively burrow into the mud, or whether it forms around them as they settle onto the bottom is questioned (L. Ehrhart, personal communication), although Rouse (personal communication) believed they actively bury into the mud.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD3FFF8F9701313C181BDA7" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1724,2012,2656,2696]" pageId="75" pageNumber="69" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
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reported three distinct groups of loggerheads in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, FL, based on recaptures of tagged loggerheads
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD3FFF8FA7E1386C3BCBC33" box="[1458,1505,2805,2844]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="69">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 25 males, 199 females, 475 subadults). The first consisted of adult males who were most abundant between April and May and were considered to be possible residents throughout the year. The second group was the adult females that arrived from May through July from winter foraging habitats. Adult males and females did not travel together. The third group consisted of subadults that dominated the population from July through March; subadults thus also constituted a resident population, but one that disperses in spring and early summer as weather conditions improve (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFE9E1B0DC43DB58A" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[338,608,638,677]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD4FFFFFEA11B91CE17B512" blockId="76.[317,1269,738,3028]" lastBlockId="76.[1317,2259,331,573]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">
|
||
|
|
Localized movements of loggerheads have been reported for a few turtles with the use of a variety of tracking techniques. In early experiments,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFBEB1A3AC2B2B45E" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1063,1263,841,881]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="358 - 374" refId="ref68964" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1962. Orientation problems in the high seas travel and terrestrial movements of marine turtles. Am. Sei. 50: 358 - 374." type="journal article" year="1962">Carr (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
followed six adult females initially caught nesting on Florida's east coast but released on the west coast. He was unable to draw any firm conclusions concerning orientation, but noted that two females seemed to have directed movement to the south.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFC431D3BC2BCB35F" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[911,1249,1096,1136]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="400 - 408" refId="ref93948" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1982. Satellite telemetry of loggerhead sea turtle movement in the Georgia Bight. Copeia 1982: 400 - 408." type="journal article" year="1982">Stoneburner (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, using satellite telemetry, followed the movements of eight females after nesting on Cumberland Island National Seashore. These turtles swam in a northerly direction after nesting and entered estuarine waters behind a barrier island where they remained for 1 -3 d. Afterwards, they moved to small isolated areas of stable substrate where they remained until the next nesting attempt.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFE761CA8C4A0B12C" author="Stoneburner, D. L." box="[442,765,1499,1539]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="400 - 408" refId="ref93948" refString="Stoneburner, D. L. 1982. Satellite telemetry of loggerhead sea turtle movement in the Georgia Bight. Copeia 1982: 400 - 408." type="journal article" year="1982">Stoneburner (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
showed that such movements were not random wanderings, but directed movements. Using radio and acoustic tracking,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFC081F4CC7F1B1B7" author="Kemmerer, A. J. & R. E. Timko & S. B. Burkett" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref80361" refString="Kemmerer, A. J., R. E. Timko, and S. B. Burkett. 1983. Movement and surfacing behavior patterns of loggerhead sea turtles in and near Canaveral Channel, Florida (September and October 1981). NOAATech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 112, 43 pp." type="journal volume" year="1983">Kemmerer et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted 8 of 10 loggerheads removed from the Canaveral Ship Channel in Florida and released 8 km south returned to the area of original capture within 13 d; these observations indicate the potential for homing by
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD4FFFFFE711E4AC46CB04E" box="[445,561,1849,1889]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD4FFFFFE711E4AC47AB04E" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[445,551,1849,1889]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
An adult loggerhead (" Dianne ") fitted with a satellite transmitter was released in October 1979 east of Louisiana and followed until June 1980. During this time, she wandered west and southwest in coastal waters to a region north ofBrownsville, TX, whereupon she turned northward back up the coast to near Port Arthur, TX (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFDF91110C597BFA5" author="Timko, R. E. & L. Kolz" box="[565,970,2147,2186]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="19 - 24" refId="ref94801" refString="Timko, R. E., and L. Kolz. 1982. Satellite sea turtle tracking. Mar. Fish. Rev. 44: 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="1982">Timko and Kolz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Killingley and Lutcavage (1983) attempted to reconstruct the movement patterns of one adult female and five subadult loggerheads from the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia using isotopic profiles from barnacle shells. They found that the turtles all had different movement patterns: turtle 1 moved from a low saline environment to a marine environment, but had not migrated to warmer waters the previous winter; turtle 2 had traveled north from tropical regions on a long migration prior to entering the Bay; turtle 3 showed two distinct patterns ofliving in brackish waters separated by a period in warm ocean waters; turtle 4 moved from warm to cool ocean water prior to entering brackish waters; turtle 5 was similar to turtle 3 but had only one complete cycle ofbrackish-ocean water occupation; turtle 6 was similar to turtle 2 except for a longer period in brackish waters. These data suggest considerable variation in movement patterns between individual turtles.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF9B41838C1D9B65C" author="Keinath, J. A." box="[1656,1924,331,371]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref80322" refString="Keinath, J. A. 1986. A telemetric study of the surface and submersion activities of Dermochelys coriacea and Caretta caretta. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Rhode Island, Kingston." type="book" year="1986">Keinath (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that two loggerheads released within Newport Harbor, RI, swam away from land and exited the harbor within several hours. They appeared to be heading south when tracking was terminated because of a weak signal.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD4FFFFFA9C1B08C071B243" blockId="76.[1315,2259,635,1388]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads tagged on the coast of the southeastern United States have been reported from other areas in U. S. waters in the northeast and Gulf of Mexico (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFAE31A66C041B412" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1327,1564,789,829]" editor="K. Bjorndal" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="91 - 100" refId="ref85084" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1982. Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns. Pages 91 - 100 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." year="1982">Meylan 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; see also section 3.1.6). International recoveries have been reported in the Bahamas (Grand Bahama, Abaco, and Eleuthera), the Dominican Republic and Cuba (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF9491ADDC139B4F8" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1669,1892,942,983]" editor="K. Bjorndal" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="91 - 100" refId="ref85084" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1982. Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns. Pages 91 - 100 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." year="1982">Meylan 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF8B31ADDCEE0B4F8" author="Meylan, A. B. & K. A. Bjorndal & BJ. Turner" box="[1919,2237,942,983]" journalOrPublisher="Biol. Conserv." pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="79 - 90" part="26" refId="ref85160" refString="Meylan, A. B., K. A. Bjorndal, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta. Biol. Conserv. 26: 79 - 90." title="Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1983">Meylan et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Yucatan and Belize
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD4FFFFF90B1A92C0ACB325" box="[1735,1777,993,1034]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF9311A92C1BFB325" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1789,2018,993,1034]" editor="K. Bjorndal" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="91 - 100" refId="ref85084" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1982. Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns. Pages 91 - 100 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="Sea turtle migration - evidence from tag returns." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biology and conservation of sea turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." year="1982">Meylan 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The method of orientation, whether chemosensory, celestial, acoustic, or through social facilitation, is unknown.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFAE91D09C00DB38C" author="Kirschvink, J." box="[1317,1616,1146,1187]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="7 - 9" refId="ref80605" refString="Kirschvink, J. 1980. Magnetic material in turtles: a preliminary report and a request. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 15: 7 - 9." type="journal article" year="1980">Kirschvink (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that loggerheads appear to have magnetic material within their heads which may aid in orientation as has been shown in other migratory animals. His sample size was small and limited to hatchlings, however.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD4FFFFFA811CDACE56BE51" blockId="76.[1313,2258,1449,2430]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">
|
||
|
|
Outside U. S. waters, there are few data on localized movements of loggerheads, although general long distance migratory routes are known for the populations in Australia and South Africa. In most studies, patterns have been pieced together based on relatively few recaptures, and it is largely unknown whether differences exist between the sexes or what percentage of the turtles migrate each year. Based on tagged recaptures,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF79C1E7BC3CCB04E" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref78280" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 c. Sea turtle research and conservation in south east Africa. IUCN Publ. (n. s.), Suppl. Pap. No. 31: 57 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1971">Hughes (1971 c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD4FFFFFA531E4AC391B04E" box="[1439,1484,1849,1889]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">[N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 29], 1971rf, 1974a
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD4FFFFF8871E4AC1C3B04E" box="[1867,1950,1849,1889]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">[N =</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
35], 1977) noted that Tongaland loggerheads dispersed northward along the African coast as far as Tanzania with a few returns from the northern and southern coasts of Madagascar. The majority of returns originally came from the area around the city of Mozambique but more recent data have the majority of returns further north (Hughes, personal communication). Presumably, these loggerheads migrate between Tongaland nesting grounds and feeding grounds further north. Tagged Tongaland females have not been captured nesting at nesting grounds in Mozambique (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF93E102BC1B3BE51" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1778,2030,2392,2430]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971 a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
7).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD4FFFEFA8610C9C5FEB47B" blockId="76.[1310,2254,2490,3030]" lastBlockId="77.[260,1200,358,852]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="76" pageNumber="70">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFA8610C9C117BECE" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" box="[1354,1866,2490,2529]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="358 - 359" refId="ref68050" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1970. First international recapture of an Australian tagged loggerhead turtle. Herpetologica 26: 358 - 359." type="journal article" year="1970">Bustard and Limpus (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that a female loggerhead nesting at Mon Repos Beach in Queensland, Australia, was recaptured in the Trobriand Islands 63 d later. A tag from a turtle nesting on Mon Repos also was found in the Gulf of Carpentaria near Weipa (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFAE113C6C0ABBDF3" author="Bustard, H. R. & C. Limpus" box="[1325,1782,2741,2780]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" pagination="228 - 230" refId="ref68081" refString="Bustard, H. R., and C. Limpus. 1971. Loggerhead turtle movements. Br. J. Herpetol. 4: 228 - 230." type="journal article" year="1971">Bustard and Limpus 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Since these early reports, additional recoveries have been made along the northeastern coast of Queensland, southern New Guinea, and New Caledonia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF999123FC11CBC5C" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1621,1857,2892,2931]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref67891" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1974. Barrier Reef sea turtle populations. Pages 227 - 234 in A. M. Cameron et al. (eds.), Proc. 2 nd Intern. Symp. on Coral Reefs, Vol. 1, Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Qld., Australia." type="book" year="1974">Bustard 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF8A4123FC1E1BC5C" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1896,1980,2892,2931]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref67951" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1976. Turtles of coral reefs and coral islands. Pages 343 - 368 in O. A. Jones and R. Endean (eds.), Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Vol. Ill (Biology 2), Academic Press, NY." type="book" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). According to
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFFAD3120DC071BC8A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1311,1580,2942,2981]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref82272" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1982 a. The status of Australian sea turtle populations. Pages 297 - 303 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
|
|
Limpus (1982
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD4FFFFF9D0120DC0FCBC8A" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1564,1697,2942,2981]" pageId="76" pageNumber="70" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">a, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and Limpus and Parmenter (1986), loggerhead turtles nesting in southern Queensland come from feeding grounds that extend northward along the Queensland coast, around Cape York into the Gulf of Carpentaria, to New Guinea including the Trobriand Islands. Large populations inhabit the waters of the Great Barrier Reef. As in the southeastern United States, some loggerheads live year-round in the vicinity of nesting beaches (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFD4D1BE5C53EB591" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[641,867,662,702]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFC481BE5C732B5DF" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that a single female remained with a single underwater refuge adjacent to her nesting beach during the entire reproductive season.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFEFEE11AFCC7CCB023" blockId="77.[256,1200,911,1804]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
In Japan, seven nesting females tagged at Miyazaki have been recaptured in the East China Sea indicating possible migration between feeding and nesting grounds (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFEDD1D54C435B37F" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" box="[273,616,1063,1104]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFD461D54C5ABB37F" author="Kajihara, T. & I. Uchida & S. Schirohata & M. Soma" box="[650,1014,1063,1104]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="14 - 23" refId="ref79758" refString="Kajihara, T., I. Uchida, S. Schirohata, and M. Soma. 1969. Tracking of rainbow trout and brown-red sea turtles using a radio beacon. Bull. Mar. Biotelemetry Res. Group (2): 14 - 23." type="journal article" year="1969">Kajihara et al. (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that 9 of 20 30-cm loggerheads fitted with a beacon were recaptured at periods of up to 4 mo after release. These turtles were recovered off the Japanese coast in areas inhabited by the adult nesting population. These authors also attempted to track four turtles using a radio-wave oscillator, but the experiment proved unsuccessful because of the leakage of seawater into the housing. The localized movements of a single female that was radiotracked 136 h after release at Omaezaki Beach were reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFE121F6EC5F3B16B" author="Soma, M. & T. Ichihara" box="[478,942,1565,1604]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref93175" refString="Soma, M., and T. Ichihara. 1977 a. The study on swimming behavior of loggerhead turtles by using radio telemetry system. Int. Conf. Wildl. Biotelem. 1977: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1977">Soma and Ichihara (1977a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFC1D1F6EC272B16B" author="Soma, M. & T. Ichihara" box="[977,1071,1565,1604]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref93216" refString="Soma, M., and T. Ichihara. 1911 b. The study on swimming behavior of loggerhead turtles by using radio telemetry system. Pages 151 - 159 in F. M. Long (ed.), Proceedings of the First International Conference on Wildlife Biotelemetry." type="proceedings paper" year="1911">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFC1D1F6EC267B16B" box="[977,1082,1565,1604]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
1911
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFBED1F6EC2C3B16B" author="Cribb, R. B." box="[1057,1182,1565,1604]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref70275" refString="Cribb, R. B. 1978. Aspects of the nesting behaviour of sea turtles, Tryon Island. Queensl. Nat. 22: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">b, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFE811F3CC479B158" author="Soma, M." box="[333,548,1615,1655]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="47 - 56" refId="ref93138" refString="Soma, M. 1985. Radio biotelemetry system applied to migratory study of turtle. J. Fac. Mar. Sei. Technol. Tokai Univ. No. 21: 47 - 56." type="book chapter" year="1985">Soma (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. She concentrated her activity in two offshore areas approximately 25 km straight-line distance apart and never ventured farther than 15 km offshore.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFEFE601E09C49EB08F" blockId="77.[428,707,1914,1952]" box="[428,707,1914,1952]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD5FFFEFE601E09C49EB08F" box="[428,707,1914,1952]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">3.5. 2 Schooling</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFEFEE51EAFC10AB50C" blockId="77.[253,1197,2012,3051]" lastBlockId="77.[1253,2193,355,547]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
There is no indication that loggerhead turtles form "schools" or "flotillas" in the classical sense. They may, however, form local concentrations at sea or in the vicinity of nesting beaches. There have been reports of massed numbers of loggerhead juveniles or small subadults in the Atlantic.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFD3D11A6C5A2BFD3" author="Maigret" box="[753,1023,2261,2300]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref83836" refString="Maigret. J. 1983. Repartition des tortues de mer sur les cotes ouest Africaines. Bull. Soc. Herpetol. Fr. 28: 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1983">Maigret (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported thousands of small turtles off the coast of Gibraltar (Section 2.1). These turtles were originally misidentified as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD5FFFEFF321018C47BBEBD" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" box="[254,550,2411,2450]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempii">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFF321018C47BBEBD" box="[254,550,2411,2450]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">Lepidochelys kempii</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
but later reidentified as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFC061018C261BEBD" box="[970,1084,2411,2450]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD5FFFEFC061018C26FBEBD" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[970,1074,2411,2450]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
What they were doing or where they were going is unknown. Woody (personal communication) reported large numbers of subadult loggerheads 42 km off the coast of Baja California, but no further details are available.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFF321316C455BDA4" author="Murphy, R. C." box="[254,520,2661,2699]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref86131" refString="Murphy, R. C. 1914. Thallassochelys caretta in the South Atlantic. Copeia (2): np." type="journal volume" year="1914">Murphy (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported "numbers" of adult loggerheads between 670 km and 830 km east of Uruguay. Rivas
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFEBB13BAC7FDBDDF" box="[375,416,2761,2800]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFE7513BAC544BDDF" author="Meylan, A. B. & K. A. Bjorndal & BJ. Turner" box="[441,793,2761,2800]" journalOrPublisher="Biol. Conserv." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="79 - 90" part="26" refId="ref85160" refString="Meylan, A. B., K. A. Bjorndal, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta. Biol. Conserv. 26: 79 - 90." title="Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1983">Meylan et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) sighted hundreds of reddish-brown turtles, presumably loggerheads, along the outer reefs of the Florida Keys and Cay Sal Bank in May 1977, including six copulating pairs. Previous surveys in April and early May sighted only an occasional turtle. A similar group was seen by Barker
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFBB312B6C2F5BCC4" box="[1151,1192,3013,3051]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">(in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFB2B1810C07CB6A4" author="Meylan, A. B. & K. A. Bjorndal & BJ. Turner" box="[1255,1569,355,395]" journalOrPublisher="Biol. Conserv." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="79 - 90" part="26" refId="ref85160" refString="Meylan, A. B., K. A. Bjorndal, and BJ. Turner. 1983. Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta. Biol. Conserv. 26: 79 - 90." title="Sea turtles nesting at Melbourne Beach, Florida, II. Post-nesting movements of Caretta caretta" type="journal article" year="1983">Meylan et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) in the same area in mid-May 1976. Further data are necessary to evaluate the significance of these concentrations ofloggerheads and to determine if aggregations form in other areas.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFEFA5E1BE7C134B595" blockId="77.[1426,1897,660,698]" box="[1426,1897,660,698]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD5FFFEFA5E1BE7C134B595" box="[1426,1897,660,698]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">3.5. 3 Responses to stimuli</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFEFAC11B8BC1A1BEEC" blockId="77.[1246,2192,760,2499]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
The loggerhead is often represented as aggressive and feisty (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFA991A59C3A3B47E" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1365,1534,810,849]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF9D61A59C1E4B47E" author="Ernst, C. H. & R. W. Barbour" bookContentInfo="University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." box="[1562,1977,810,849]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref72360" refString="Ernst, C. H., and R. W. Barbour. 1972. Turtles of the United States. University Presses ofKentucky, Lexington, 347 pp." title="Turtles of the United States" type="book" year="1972">Ernst and Barbour 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), which may be an unfair characterization for individuals molested in their natural environment or removed from it after being netted or otherwise harassed. For instance,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF7EB1AB3C313B334" author="Bruno, S." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref67489" refString="Bruno, S. 1970. Anfibi e Rettili di Sicilia (Studi sulla Fauna erpetologica italiana XI). Atti Accad. Gioenia Sei. Nat. Catania, Ser. 7, Vol. 2, 144 pp." type="journal volume" year="1970">Bruno (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
called them "apathetic" except when fishermen grab them to haul on board; then they fight fiercely to regain freedom.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFA301D2BC1A8B3AF" author="Hildebrand, S. F. & C. Hatsel" box="[1532,2037,1112,1152]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="374 - 377" refId="ref77153" refString="Hildebrand, S. F., and C. Hatsel. 1927. On the growth and care and behavior of loggerhead turtles in captivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 13: 374 - 377." type="journal article" year="1927">Hildebrand and Hatsel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that loggerheads were initially docile, but became so aggressive that they had to be released.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF8641DCDC310B237" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref71042" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. 1939. The Tetrapod reptiles of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Testudinates and crocodilians. Colombo Mus. Nat. Hist. Ser., Colombo, Ceylon, 412 pp." type="book" year="1939">Deraniyagala (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that loggerheads emit a faint musky odor when captured, and that Tamil fishermen call it the "nai amai" (dog turtle) because it bites "savagely" and "is even aggressive when hauled aboard." He noted that fishermen clubbed the turtles in the head prior to bringing them on board to subdue them. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF7F21C99C311B16C" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref68900" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1942. Notes on sea turtles. Proc. New England Zool. Club 21: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1942">Carr (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that loggerheads could be handled with relative immunity compared with
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEF8D41F3DCE1FB15B" box="[1816,2114,1614,1652]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD5FFFEF8D41F3DCE67B15B" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" box="[1816,2106,1614,1652]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempii">Lepidochelys kempii</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFB2E1FF3C39FB188" author="Layne, J. N." box="[1250,1474,1664,1703]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
considered his captives to be quite docile; they would bite only as they competed for particular food items. Likewise,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF9D01F97C147B024" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[1564,1818,1764,1803]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
stated that captives seldom showed signs of aggressiveness. Both
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF7EF1E65C317B041" author="Layne, J. N." pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFA6F1E34C0C9B041" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[1443,1684,1863,1902]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that one loggerhead might bite another if the intruder occupied a favored location in the tank. On the other hand,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF8551ED8CED1B0FF" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[1945,2188,1963,2000]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted one instance where an intruder chased a resident from its favored place.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF9A0117EC13DBF1C" author="Rudloe, J." box="[1644,1888,2061,2099]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" refId="ref90799" refString="Rudloe, J. 1979. Time of the turtle. Alfred A. Knopf, New York." type="book" year="1979">Rudloe (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that a captive loggerhead was not aggressive toward humans but viciously attacked a lemon shark, biting it through the gills. In Australia, a large female was not aggressive toward divers despite being repeatedly pulled from her internesting cavity over a period of several months (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF7F61074C070BE4F" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Rouse (personal communication) also reported that loggerheads off the coast ofWest Palm Beach, FL, are not aggressive toward divers.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD5FFFDFAC41371C7FBB538" blockId="77.[1245,2187,2562,3051]" lastBlockId="78.[309,1251,345,535]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">
|
||
|
|
In the wild, loggerheads may occupy crevices or holes either as residents or during the internesting period (Rouse, personal communication;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEF8861315C36FBD91" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD5FFFEFA9F13EBC0AEBD91" author="Limpus, C. J. & P. C. Reed" box="[1363,1779,2712,2750]" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" pagination="535 - 540" refId="ref82637" refString="Limpus, C. J., and P. C. Reed. 1985. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: observations on internesting behaviour. Aust. Wildl. Res. 12: 535 - 540." type="journal article" year="1985">Limpus and Reed (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded a female using one specific hole during the entire 2.5 mo spent between nestings at Heron Island, Australia. Local resident
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD5FFFEFB2C125DC31ABC7B" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1248,1351,2862,2900]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="77" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD5FFFEFB2C125DC31ABC7B" box="[1248,1351,2862,2900]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="71">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
usually abandoned a site after being pulled from a crevice to read a tag number, but the internesting female returned directly to the hole both after being pulled from it and after surfacing to breathe. Rouse (personal communication) also noted that loggerheads can be consistently located at specific crevices during the time they remain on the reef off the coast ofWest Palm Beach.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD6FFFDFE931B24C475B120" blockId="78.[308,1252,599,1551]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72">
|
||
|
|
In captivity, daily activity is about equally divided between swimming and resting. While resting, loggerheads lie completely motionless with the head in a protected area (e.g., a corner), the eyes open or half shut, and the flippers extended (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFCC51A57C587B464" author="Layne, J. N." box="[777,986,804,843]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFC321A57C2BEB464" author="Layne, J. N." box="[1022,1251,804,843]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
suggested that loggerheads slept in this position since they were found at night in a similar position but with their eyes closed. At night, they were slower to arouse than they were in the daytime.
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFC811A9DC21CB339" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[845,1089,1006,1046]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
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recorded four basic resting positions: hatchlings fold the front flippers back onto the carapace with the rear flippers held close together; juvenile turtles extend the front flippers while the rear flippers are held close together; juveniles may also fold the front flippers back on the carapace but extend the rear flippers; and a completely spreadeagle position. The last-mentioned posture was the one most frequently observed. During resting, the eyes are kept open and the turtles appear alert and aware of external stimuli.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD6FFFDFE921F3EC579BFB9" blockId="78.[307,1252,1613,2198]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72">
|
||
|
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Loggerheads are known to sleep (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFC601F3EC221B15C" author="Layne, J. N." box="[940,1148,1613,1651]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFB5E1F3EC7DFB188" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFE6D1F07C426B188" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[417,635,1652,1703]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
; but see
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFCED1F07C58BB188" author="Susie, V." box="[801,982,1652,1703]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="81 - 87" refId="ref94288" refString="Susie, V. 1972. Electrographic and behavioural correlations of the rest-activity cycle in the sea turtle, Caretta caretta L. (Chelonia). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 10 (l): 81 - 87." type="book chapter" year="1972">Susie 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, for a different view of sleeping). Sleeping occurs underwater except in the open ocean where turtles sleep while floating at the surface (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFE0D1E60C42DB015" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[449,624,1811,1850]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In captivity, sleeping begins at sundown and occurs gradually over a 5 -10 min period. After surfacing to breathe at night, turtles also appear slower to return to sleep (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFD311EDBC5BDB0E0" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[765,992,1960,1999]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads have been observed to scratch themselves vigorously and thoroughly in captivity (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFD261178C592BF1D" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[746,975,2059,2098]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Virtually any solid object may be used. The longest a loggerhead was seen scratching was 20 min.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD6FFFDFE9011A7CE1DB16D" blockId="78.[305,1251,2260,3050]" lastBlockId="78.[1303,2249,344,1602]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72">
|
||
|
|
The swimming behavior of loggerheads has been described by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFDD61075C4B8BE02" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[538,741,2310,2349]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFCCF1075C5A7BE02" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[771,1018,2310,2349]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFBA81075C7C0BE4F" author="Walker, W. F." pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="229 - 233" refId="ref95784" refString="Walker, W. F. 1971. Swimming in sea turtles of the family Cheloniidae. Copeia 1971: 229 - 233." type="journal article" year="1971">Walker (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for adults, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFD7D104AC2FBBE4F" author="Salmon, M. & J. Wyneken" box="[689,1190,2361,2400]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref90906" refString="Salmon, M., and J. Wyneken. 1987. Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their off-shore migration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 109: 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="1987">Salmon and Wyneken (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for hatchlings (section 3.2.2).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFCD61018C245BEBD" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[794,1048,2411,2450]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted two types oflocomotion for captive animals—a crawling gait in which alternate flippers (e.g., left front, right rear) were moved forward simultaneously and in contact with the substrate, and swimming. Crawling was used to move distances over the bottom or as a preliminary movement to begin swimming from a resting position. In swimming the propulsion of the foreflippers was directed downward and backward at 10- 15 ° from the vertical. The propelling stroke produces a slight upward movement of the turtle in the water.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFC2F122DC2BDBCA9" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[995,1248,2910,2950]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that there were normally 10-30 complete strokes per minute.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFD4F12B1C528BCC5" author="Walker, W. F." box="[643,885,3010,3050]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="229 - 233" refId="ref95784" refString="Walker, W. F. 1971. Swimming in sea turtles of the family Cheloniidae. Copeia 1971: 229 - 233." type="journal article" year="1971">Walker (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gave a more detailed and technical account of the swimming motion of sea turtles, including
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD6FFFDF98D18F8C0EDB69D" box="[1601,1712,395,434]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="72">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFD6FFFDF98D18F8C0FBB69D" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1601,1702,395,434]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
with diagrams based on motion picture analysis and a discussion of angles and forces. The power stroke is the downstroke, although some propulsion also is generated on the upstroke; movements of the humerus are the main force propelling the flipper. The rear flippers act as rudders and elevators, and aid in steering and depth changes. Hatchling loggerheads are unable to dive (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF91D1B83C1E2B437" author="Hooker, D." box="[1745,1983,752,792]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="490 - 491" refId="ref77618" refString="Hooker, D. 1908 a. The breeding habits of the loggerhead turtle and some early instincts of the young. Science (Wash., DC) 27: 490 - 491." type="journal article" year="1908">Hooker 1908a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; questioned by R. Byles, personal communication) and only develop buoyancy control after the first year of life (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF7881A25C32DB49F" author="Milsom, W. K." journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="758 - 762" part="1975" refId="ref85403" refString="Milsom, W. K. 1975. Development of buoyancy control in juvenile Atlantic loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta. Copeia 1975: 758 - 762." title="Development of buoyancy control in juvenile Atlantic loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta" type="journal article" year="1975">Milsom 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Adult loggerheads are either slightly lighter or heavier than seawater depending on the amount of air inhaled during the last breath on the surface (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF7991A9DC32DB366" author="Jacobs, W." pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref79376" refString="Jacobs, W. 1939. Die lunge der Seeschildkrote Caretta caretta (L.) als Schwebeorgan. Z. V. Gl. Physiol. 27 (l): l- 28." type="journal volume" year="1939">Jacobs 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Buoyancy is controlled by the amount of air in the lungs. At normal buoyancy, the animal is horizontal, but with a very large lungful of air, the rear part of the body becomes lighter than the front. Swimming compensates for the imbalance (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF8F21D9FCE49B23B" author="Jacobs, W." box="[1854,2068,1260,1300]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref79376" refString="Jacobs, W. 1939. Die lunge der Seeschildkrote Caretta caretta (L.) als Schwebeorgan. Z. V. Gl. Physiol. 27 (l): l- 28." type="journal volume" year="1939">Jacobs 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Normally, the right and left lungs are equally inflated, but the turtle is capable of moving air from one lung to the other (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFAEF1CF7C3A5B284" author="Jacobs, W." box="[1315,1528,1412,1451]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref79376" refString="Jacobs, W. 1939. Die lunge der Seeschildkrote Caretta caretta (L.) als Schwebeorgan. Z. V. Gl. Physiol. 27 (l): l- 28." type="journal volume" year="1939">Jacobs 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The volume of the lung is established by smooth muscle within the lung, and the relation between the mechanics of ventilatory movements and lung volume regulation is complex (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF88E1F68CE72B16D" author="Milsom, W. K." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Washington, Seattle" box="[1858,2095,1563,1602]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref85367" refString="Milsom, W. K. 1974. Buoyancy control in the Atlantic loggerheadturtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne). Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Washington, Seattle." title="Buoyancy control in the Atlantic loggerheadturtle, Caretta caretta caretta (Linne)" type="book" year="1974">Milsom 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD6FFFCFA8E1F0CC2C8B593" blockId="78.[1299,2247,1663,3050]" lastBlockId="79.[282,1223,356,700]" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="78" pageNumber="72">
|
||
|
|
Surfacing behavior has been noted for captive loggerheads and for wild loggerheads tracked by radiotelemetry. Three loggerheads in captivity at the South Boston Aquarium in Woods Hole, MA, surfaced every 2.1 min (range 15 s to 24 min) while actively swimming, and every 12.7 min while resting (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF8571E04CE2BB0B1" author="Layne, J. N." box="[1947,2166,1911,1950]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref81326" refString="Layne, J. N. 1952. Behavior of captive loggerhead turtles, Caretta c. caretta (Linnaeus). Copeia 1952: 115." type="journal volume" year="1952">Layne 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In Marineland, FL, captive loggerheads surfaced every 10-56 min while resting or every 30 s to 10 min while swimming (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFA2F1178C09DBF1C" author="Parrish, F. K." box="[1507,1728,2059,2099]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="348 - 355" refId="ref87575" refString="Parrish, F. K. 1958. Miscellaneous observations on the behavior of captive sea turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. Gulf Caribb. 8 (4): 348 - 355." type="journal article" year="1958">Parrish 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). At night, surfacing occurred every 35-45 min. Two wild subadult loggerheads tracked by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDFA19111CC085BFB8" author="Keinath, J. A." box="[1493,1752,2159,2199]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" refId="ref80322" refString="Keinath, J. A. 1986. A telemetric study of the surface and submersion activities of Dermochelys coriacea and Caretta caretta. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Rhode Island, Kingston." type="book" year="1986">Keinath (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
off Newport, RI, had rather different surface-submersion patterns. One turtle averaged only 2.2 s on the surface (range 0.7 -7.4 s) and 264.1 s per dive (range 12.6-844.7 s). This turtle had 10-27 surfacings per hour. The other turtle averaged 44.8 s on the surface (range 0.7 -547 s) and 313 s per dive (range 3.2-1,664 s). It had 2 to 69.3 surfacings per hour, and spent 79 % of its time submerged. In contrast to these times,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD6FFFDF9B41372C10CBD07" author="Soma, M." box="[1656,1873,2561,2600]" pageId="78" pageNumber="72" pagination="47 - 56" refId="ref93138" refString="Soma, M. 1985. Radio biotelemetry system applied to migratory study of turtle. J. Fac. Mar. Sei. Technol. Tokai Univ. No. 21: 47 - 56." type="book chapter" year="1985">Soma (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported the average time on the surface for a loggerhead in Japan prior to egg deposition was 79 s during the day and 53 s at night. After egg deposition, these averages changed to 105 s and 80 s, respectively. The average duration of dives prior to egg-laying was 1,314 s during the day and 471 s at night. After deposition, these changed to 1,200 s and 1,261 s, respectively. The average depth of dives was 20.3 m during the day and 12.8 m at night prior to deposition, and 11.5 m during the day and 15.5 m at night after deposition.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFD671817C278B6A2" author="Kajihara, T. & I. Uchida & S. Schirohata & M. Soma" box="[683,1061,356,397]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="14 - 23" refId="ref79758" refString="Kajihara, T., I. Uchida, S. Schirohata, and M. Soma. 1969. Tracking of rainbow trout and brown-red sea turtles using a radio beacon. Bull. Mar. Biotelemetry Res. Group (2): 14 - 23." type="journal article" year="1969">Kajihara et al. (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that a loggerhead spent only 25 % of its time submerged; generally a short surface time was followed by a short dive time. These short periods of surfacing and diving were interspersed by long surface times averaging 10-20 min. In sea turtles, the lung is the primary oxygen store during dives (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFD0F1BE0C2D8B593" author="Lapennas, G. N. & P. L. Lutz" box="[707,1157,659,700]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="59 - 74" refId="ref81249" refString="Lapennas, G. N., and P. L. Lutz. 1982. Oxygen affinity of sea turtle blood. Respir. Physiol. 48: 59 - 74." type="journal article" year="1982">Lapennas and Lutz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFE8E1B84C5FFB3AF" blockId="79.[280,1220,759,1152]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">The reaction of loggerheads to light has been discussed (section 3.2.2). Loggerheads are sensitive to electrical fields, especially to AC fields, and such fields have been used effectively to deter loggerheads from the intake pipes at Florida Power & Light Company's St. Lucie plant (J. O'Hara, personal communication). The voltages required to turn turtles back were inversely proportional to the size of the turtle.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFE8E1DCEC2E3B043" blockId="79.[279,1221,1213,1900]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
Little is known concerning the chemosensory behavior or abilities of loggerhead turtles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFCA41D83C2F2B238" author="Owens, D. W. & D. C. Comuzzie & M. A. Grassman" box="[872,1199,1264,1303]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref87073" refString="Owens, D. W., D. C. Comuzzie, and M. A. Grassman. 1986. Chemoreception in the homing and orientation behavior of amphibians and reptiles, with special reference to sea turtles. Pages 341 - 355 in D. Duvall, D. Muller-Schwarze, and R. M. Siverstein (eds.), Chemical signals in vertebrates, Vol. IV, Ecology, evolution, and comparative biology. Plenum Press, New York." type="book" year="1986">Owens et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), although such cues may be important in the imprinting hypothesis used to explain why turtles might return to their natal beach for their own egg deposition (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFB8D1CF6C722B2F1" author="Hughes, G. R." pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFE6E1CCBC439B2F1" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." bookContentInfo="Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp" box="[418,612,1464,1502]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref69029" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1984. So excellent a fishe. Rev. ed., Charles Scribner's Sons, NY, 280 pp." title="So excellent a fishe." type="book" year="1984">Carr 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFD5F1CCBC2E8B2F1" author="Grassman, M. A. & D. W. Owens" box="[659,1205,1464,1502]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref75791" refString="Grassman, M. A., and D. W. Owens. 1981 a. Evidence of olfactory imprinting in loggerhead turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 19: 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1981">Grassman and Owens (1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, 19816) demonstrated that hatchling loggerheads oriented toward a chemical that had been placed in the nest during development over other control chemicals in a laboratory situation. Their results tentatively support the hypothesis that the nest environment harbors important sensory cues for later orientation.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFC1C1F91C455B014" author="Grassman, M. A. & D. W. Owens" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="965 - 969" refId="ref75865" refString="Grassman, M. A., and D. W. Owens. 1982. Development and extinction of food preferences in the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Copeia 1982: 965 - 969." type="journal article" year="1982">Grassman and Owens (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
also implicated chemosensory information in the location of food by loggerhead hatchlings.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFE8C1EDAC45BBEEF" blockId="79.[277,1219,1961,2496]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
It is unlikely that loggerheads hear airborne sounds since they lack an inner ear structure. However, a young loggerhead exhibited a startle reaction to underwater stimuli of 0.25 kc/s and 0.50 kc/s. This "hearing" appears to be mediated through bone, with the shell and skull acting as receiving surfaces (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFC8311D2C2F1BFE7" author="Lenhardt, M. L. & S. Bellmund & R. A. Byles & S. W. Harkins & A. Musick" box="[847,1196,2209,2248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref81725" refString="Lenhardt, M. L., S. Bellmund, R. A. Byles, S. W. Harkins, andJ. A. Musick. 1983. Marine turtle reception of boneconducted sound. J. Aud. Res. 23: 119 - 125." type="journal article" year="1983">Lenhardt et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors suggest that marine turtles are capable of receiving the low-frequency spectrum of sounds emanating from the natal beach, and that such sensory input may serve as one cue to females returning to a beach to nest.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="84CF5886FFD7FFEAFED91343C3A1B688" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" type="description">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFED91343C43CBD79" blockId="79.[277,715,2608,2744]" box="[277,609,2608,2646]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD7FFFCFED91343C43CBD79" box="[277,609,2608,2646]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">4. POPULATION</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFEB91312C43CBDA8" blockId="79.[277,715,2608,2744]" box="[373,609,2657,2695]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD7FFFCFEB91312C43CBDA8" box="[373,609,2657,2695]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">4.1 Structure</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFE0D13E7C496BD97" blockId="79.[277,715,2608,2744]" box="[449,715,2708,2744]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD7FFFCFE0D13E7C496BD97" box="[449,715,2708,2744]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">4.1. 1 Sex ratio</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFEF21384C1A4B49C" blockId="79.[277,1217,2807,3046]" lastBlockId="79.[1272,2218,355,947]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
The sex ratio of adult loggerhead populations is unknown because of lack of information on males. At Heron Reef, Australia,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFD701228C5E6BCAC" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[700,955,2907,2947]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
found a malebiased sex ratio of resident turtles of seven males for every three females. On Wistari Reef and North West Island Reef, males also dominated the resident population giving an overall sex ratio at these three reefs of 0.41 females per male. Of 586 adult turtles moved during trawling in the Cape Canaveral area of Florida from 1978 through 1984, there was 1 female per 1.16 males (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFAC41B2CC040B5A7" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1288,1565,607,648]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCF8C01B2CCE20B5A7" author="Wibbels, T. & D. W. Owens & M. S. Amoss" box="[1804,2173,607,648]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref96163" refString="Wibbels, T., D. W. Owens, and M. S. Amoss. 1987 a. Seasonal changes in the serum testosterone titers of loggerhead sea turtles captured along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. Pages 59 - 64 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Wibbels et al. (1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
Ä) recorded 1 male for every 1.94 females in subadult loggerheads from Cape Canaveral. Whether these results reflect true populational sex ratios is unknown, but is unlikely. The sex ratio of hatchling loggerheads, based on studies in conjunction with environmental sex determination, is reviewed in section 3.2.2.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFA691D56C165B364" blockId="79.[1445,1848,1061,1099]" box="[1445,1848,1061,1099]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD7FFFCFA691D56C165B364" box="[1445,1848,1061,1099]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">4.1. 2 Age composition</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFAED1DF9C0B1B2F4" blockId="79.[1272,2216,1162,1499]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
There is no information available on the overall age composition ofloggerhead turtle populations. However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFB351D9CC046B238" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1273,1563,1263,1303]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has shown that the age composition of turtles inhabiting the Cape Canaveral area of Florida varies seasonally (section 3.5.1). Estimates to age of maturity are presented in section 3.1.2; maximum age is discussed in section 3.3.1.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFA6F1F3FC165B15D" blockId="79.[1443,1848,1612,1650]" box="[1443,1848,1612,1650]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFD7FFFCFA6F1F3FC165B15D" box="[1443,1848,1612,1650]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">4.1.3 Size composition</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFD7FFFCFAEC1FC3C32EBCCA" blockId="79.[1267,2211,1712,3045]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">
|
||
|
|
There are no reliable estimates of size composition of loggerhead turtle populations. Indeed, it is difficult to characterize what constitutes a loggerhead population.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFA4F1E36C0EEB043" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1411,1715,1861,1900]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
gives a length frequency distribution of loggerheads captured during trawling operations off the coast of Cape Canaveral, FL, from 1978 to 1984
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFD7FFFCFA101EA8C050BF2C" box="[1500,1549,2011,2051]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="73">(N</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
= 3,679). The largest group included turtles with an SLCL of 60-80 cm, with a smaller peak between 90 cm and 105 cm. Turtles <45 cm were unrepresented. To what extent these frequencies reflect those ofloggerheads elsewhere in the vicinity or in other areas of the southeastern U. S. coast is unknown. In addition,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFA6C1076C0E2BE03" author="Henwood, T. A." box="[1440,1727,2309,2348]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the composition of the population varied seasonally which further complicates the determination of a population's size composition.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCFA2010E8C17EBEEC" author="Lutcavage, M. E." box="[1516,1827,2459,2499]" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFD7FFFCF85910E8C3B7BEDA" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a size-frequency histogram for the subadult loggerhead population, based on stranding and incidental catch data, which feeds in the Chesapeake Bay, VA, during summer. Most turtles fell into the 60-90 cm curved carapace length (CCL) categories, and such distribution probably reflects the frequency distribution of turtles using the Bay. Size ranges of nesting females vary considerably between populations (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD7FFFCFACD122FC3DBBCAC" box="[1281,1414,2908,2947]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[287,382,330,369]" captionTargetBox="[277,2220,467,3006]" captionText="Table 7. Carapace lengths (cm) ofnesting loggerhead sea turtles. CL = over the curve measurement; SL straight line measurement; NR = not recorded." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFBCFF97FED31839C3DEB68D">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and various growth parameters are discussed in section 3.4.3 and presented in
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD7FFFCF89A12FCCE55BC9A" box="[1878,2056,2959,2997]" captionStart="Table 26" captionStartId="59.[245,344,1870,1906]" captionTargetBox="[242,2175,2002,2897]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Table 26. Growth rates and estimated age at maturity of loggerhead sea turtles. C = captive turtles; W wild turtles. Some values were derivedfrom Part 3 of the Appendix in Zug et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA3FF88FF391E3DC082B08A">Tables 26</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD7FFFCF7E812FCCE14BC9A" box="[2084,2121,2959,2997]" captionStart="Table 29" captionStartId="74.[314,413,1928,1967]" captionTargetBox="[309,2250,2013,2943]" captionText="Table 29. Logistic, von Bertalanffy equation, and regression values for carapace length growth in the loggerhead sea turtle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFD2FFF9FEF61EFBCEE0B080">29</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFD7FFFCF7A712FCCEC5BC9A" box="[2155,2200,2959,2997]" captionStart="Table 30" captionStartId="80.[289,388,341,381]" captionTargetBox="[291,2225,480,668]" captionText="Table 30. Regression of log weight (Y) in kg on log carapace length (X) in cm in the sea turtle Caretta caretta using the equation log Y = a + b log Xfrom selected studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" pageId="79" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681">30</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and 31.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" startId="80.[289,388,341,381]" targetBox="[291,2225,480,668]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="80" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FEED1826C0D4B681" blockId="80.[289,2227,341,447]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
Table 30.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC8FFE3FE2D1826C159B652" box="[481,1796,341,381]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Regression of log weight (Y) in kg on log carapace length (X) in cm in the sea turtle</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC8FFE3F8D81826CE47B652" authorityName="Not" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1812,2074,341,381]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">Caretta caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC8FFE3F7E01826C0D4B681" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">using the equation log Y = a + b log X from selected studies.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FEEF1892CEECB5B3" lastBlockId="80.[288,2227,632,689]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFC8004CFEEF1893CEECB5B3" box="[291,2225,480,668]" gridcols="6" gridrows="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEEF1893CEECB52C" box="[291,2225,480,515]" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEEF1893C7B4B52C" box="[291,489,480,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Locality</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFD651893C497B52C" box="[681,714,480,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">N</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFC411893C59CB52C" box="[909,961,480,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Sex</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFB4D1893C288B52C" box="[1153,1237,480,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Slope</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFA5A1893C07FB52C" box="[1430,1570,480,515]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Intercept</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CF92D1893CEECB52C" box="[1761,2225,480,515]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Source</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEEF1B47CEECB579" box="[291,2225,564,598]" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEEF1B47C7B4B579" box="[291,489,564,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">South Africa</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD651B47C497B579" box="[681,714,564,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">33</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFC411B47C59CB579" box="[909,961,564,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">F</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB4D1B47C288B579" box="[1153,1237,564,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">1.642</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFA5A1B47C07FB579" box="[1430,1570,564,598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">-1.233</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF92D1B47CEECB579" box="[1761,2225,564,598]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F92D1B47CE75B57A" author="Hughes, G. R. & AJ. Bass & M. T. Mentis" box="[1761,2088,564,597]" journalOrPublisher="J. Lammergeyer" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="5 - 54" part="7" refId="ref78836" refString="Hughes, G. R., AJ. Bass, and M. T. Mentis. 1967. Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland, J. Lammergeyer 7: 5 - 54." title="Further studies on marine turtles in Tongaland" type="journal article" year="1967">Hughes et al. (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEEF1B0BCEECB5B3" box="[291,2225,632,668]" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEEF1B0BC7B4B5B3" box="[291,489,632,668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Florida</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD651B0BC497B5B3" box="[681,714,632,668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">33</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFC411B0BC59CB5B3" box="[909,961,632,668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">F</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB4D1B0BC288B5B3" box="[1153,1237,632,668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">2.341</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFA5A1B0BC07FB5B3" box="[1430,1570,632,668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">-2.613</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF92D1B0BCEECB5B3" box="[1761,2225,632,668]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F92D1B0BC1E0B5B3" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & R. G. Yoder" box="[1761,1981,632,668]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref72285" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and R. G. Yoder. 1978. Marine turtles of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1978">Ehrhart (1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC8FFE3F8031B0BC1BBB5B3" box="[1999,2022,632,668]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F8341B0BCEF9B5B3" author="Hirth, H. F." box="[2040,2212,632,668]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="336 - 341" refId="ref77416" refString="Hirth, H. F. 1982. Weight and length relationships of some adult marine turtles. Bull. Mar. Sei. 32: 336 - 341." type="journal article" year="1982">Hirth 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FE4F1A68C527B46E" blockId="80.[387,1141,795,885]" box="[387,890,795,833]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFC8FFE3FE4F1A68C527B46E" box="[387,890,795,833]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">4.2 Abundance and Density</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FE021A3DC228B45A" blockId="80.[387,1141,795,885]" box="[462,1141,846,885]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFC8FFE3FE021A3DC228B45A" box="[462,1141,846,885]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">4.2. 1 Average abundance and density</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FE871AD0C2E0B2D6" blockId="80.[287,1232,931,1529]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">The average abundance and density of populations of loggerhead sea turtles is unknown, except for crude estimates or direct counts of the number of nesting females on particular nesting beaches. Many estimates are based on unpublished data and assumptions about the dynamics of loggerhead populations that, as yet, have not been verified; others appear to be " best guesses" without discussion about how the figure was calculated. The estimation of abundance and density is hampered by lack of information on population structure and sex ratios, as well as difficulties in identifying spatial limits of biological populations of sea turtles.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FE851F56C5B9BF6F" blockId="80.[286,1233,1573,2112]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
The largest nesting population of loggerhead sea turtles may be that nesting on Masirah Island, including the small colony in the Kuria Muria Islands, off the coast of Oman.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3FDF21FC9C556B1CD" author="Ross, J. P." box="[574,779,1722,1762]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated the number of females nesting in 1977 to be between 19,000 and 60,000; in 1978 the estimate varied between 28,000 and 35,000.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3FE671E22C43BB056" author="Ross, J. P." box="[427,614,1873,1913]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3FD481E22C492B056" author="Ross, J. P." box="[644,719,1873,1913]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) considered the best estimate to be approximately 30,000 females nesting annually. However, Ross' (1979) report did not discuss the methods by which these estimates were obtained and, as such, the figures need substantiation.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE2FE8A111FC297B45F" blockId="80.[286,1226,2156,2243]" lastBlockId="81.[291,1232,336,880]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
The second largest, or perhaps even the largest, population of nesting loggerheads occurs in the southeastern United States, with 31,000 nests reported in Florida alone in 1986 (W.J. Conley, personal communication).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3FA231AF3C18CB487" author="Conley, W. J. & B. A. Hoffman" box="[1519,2001,896,936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="201 - 210" refId="ref69977" refString="Conley, W. J., and B. A. Hoffman. 1987. Nesting activity of sea turtles in Florida, 1979 - 1985. Fla. Sei. 50: 201 - 210." type="journal article" year="1987">Conley and Hoffman (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
summarized nest counts reported to the Florida Department of Marine Resources from 1979 to 1985. The number of loggerhead nests per kilometer has varied from 35.7 to 61.4, although the amount of beach coverage has increased each year resulting in yearly increases in the total number ofloggerhead nests recorded. These figures indicate well over 20,000 loggerhead nests are oviposited in Florida each year. Using aerial survey techniques,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3FACD1C3EC046B25A" author="Crouse, D. T." box="[1281,1563,1357,1397]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="143 - 155" refId="ref70305" refString="Crouse, D. T. 1984 a. Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in North Carolina: applications of an aerial survey. Biol. Conserv. 29: 143 - 155." type="journal article" year="1984">Crouse (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated that between 497 and 585 nests were deposited in North Carolina in 1981. Between 1980 and 1982, S. Murphy (personal communication) counted 3,270 tracks on beaches in South Carolina, again using aerial survey procedures. Between 1979 and 1984, from 30 to 106 loggerhead nests per kilometer have been recorded in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, FL (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F9D41FD9CE4DB1FE" author="Provancha, J. A. & L. M. Ehrhart" box="[1560,2064,1706,1745]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" refId="ref88994" refString="Provancha, J. A., and L. M. Ehrhart. 1987. Sea turtle nesting trends at John F. Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and relationships with factors influencing nest site selection. Pages 33 - 44 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Provancha and Ehrhart 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). On one day in July 1982, there were an estimated 5.45 fresh nesting crawls per kilometer from Melbourne Beach south to Sebastian Inlet, and from Höbe Sound National Wildlife Refuge to Lake Worth Inlet in Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F7881E00C394B0E3" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel & N. B. Thompson" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="252 - 259" refId="ref92644" refString="Shoop, C. R., C. Ruckdeschel, and N. B. Thompson. 1985. Sea turtles in the southeast United States: nesting activity as derived from aerial and ground surveys, 1982. Herpetologica 41: 252 - 259." type="journal article" year="1985">Shoop et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors also reported 4.09 fresh nesting crawls per kilometer during 1 d of aerial surveys on Cape Island, SC. These areas represent the highest known density of loggerhead nesting in the United States. The beach from Melbourne south to Sebastian Inlet may support 9,000-10,000 nests per season (334 nests per kilometer), and thus contains the largest number of nesting loggerheads in the Western Hemisphere (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FE6618C6C5D6B6F1" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & P. W. Raymond" box="[426,907,437,478]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref72039" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and P. W. Raymond. 1987. Loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, and green turtle, Chelonia mydas, nesting densities in South Brevard County, Florida, 1981 - 84. Pages 21 - 25 in W. N. Witzell (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Raymond 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). With the recognition of the importance of the Melbourne Beach loggerhead nesting assemblage, the population of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC9FFE2FBAB1B6AC28DB56D" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1127,1232,537,578]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2FBAB1B6AC28DB56D" box="[1127,1232,537,578]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
inhabiting the southeastern United States may rival Masirah Island as the largest nesting population in the world. In addition to the nesting population,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FB9C1BC2C7B9B423" author="Lenhardt, M. L. & S. Bellmund & R. A. Byles & S. W. Harkins & A. Musick" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref81725" refString="Lenhardt, M. L., S. Bellmund, R. A. Byles, S. W. Harkins, andJ. A. Musick. 1983. Marine turtle reception of boneconducted sound. J. Aud. Res. 23: 119 - 125." type="journal article" year="1983">Musick et al. (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2FE3A1B90C44CB423" box="[502,529,739,780]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FDEE1B90C250B423" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[546,1037,739,780]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) estimated that 4,500 to 5,000 loggerheads, mostly subadults, inhabit Chesapeake Bay, VA, in summer foraging habitat.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption id="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD" ID-Table-UUID="98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" startId="80.[284,383,2357,2390]" targetBox="[278,2216,2476,2928]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="80" targetType="table">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FED01046C3EABEAD" blockId="80.[284,2220,2352,2435]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
Table 31.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC8FFE3FE2D1046C3EABEAD" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
The relationship between various meristic characters in several studies of captive loggerheads, using the allometric growth equation Y = aX
|
||
|
|
<superScript id="3BA0A645FFC8FFE3FA6E102AC3F3BE41" attach="left" box="[1442,1454,2393,2414]" fontSize="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">b</superScript>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FED110C1CEF5BC40" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<table id="BED5F9ADFFC8004CFEDA10DFCEF5BC5F" box="[278,2216,2476,2928]" gridcols="6" gridrows="9" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA10DFCEF5BEFB" box="[278,2216,2476,2516]" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEDA10DFC7C4BEFB" box="[278,409,2476,2516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Locality</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFD9910DFC519BEFB" box="[597,836,2476,2516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Y</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE10DFC21DBEFB" box="[1026,1088,2476,2516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Xb</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFB3310DFC327BEFB" box="[1279,1402,2476,2516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">a</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CF9F510DFC0EDBEFB" box="[1593,1712,2476,2516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">b</th>
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CF8A010DFCEF5BEFB" box="[1900,2216,2476,2516]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Source</th>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA1377CEF5BD08" box="[278,2216,2564,2599]" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEDA1377C7C4BC10" box="[278,409,2564,2879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" rowspan="7" rowspanBelow="6">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD991377C519BD08" box="[597,836,2564,2599]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">carapace width</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE1377C21DBD08" box="[1026,1088,2564,2599]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB331377C327BD08" box="[1279,1402,2564,2599]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.1709</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F51377C0EDBD08" box="[1593,1712,2564,2599]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">1.4189</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF8A01377CEF5BC10" box="[1900,2216,2564,2879]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" rowspan="7" rowspanBelow="6">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F8A21376CE12BD06" author="Uchida, I." box="[1902,2127,2565,2601]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref95003" refString="Uchida, I. 1967. On the growth of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, under rearing conditions. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sei. Fish. 33: 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="1967">Uchida (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA1341CEF5BD7A" box="[278,2216,2610,2645]" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD991341C519BD7A" box="[597,836,2610,2645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">carapace width</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE1341C21DBD7A" box="[1026,1088,2610,2645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB331341C327BD7A" box="[1279,1402,2610,2645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">1.0608</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F51341C0EDBD7A" box="[1593,1712,2610,2645]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.9678 “</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA1313CEF5BDAB" box="[278,2216,2656,2692]" gridrow="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD991313C519BDAB" box="[597,836,2656,2692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">shell depth</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE1313C21DBDAB" box="[1026,1088,2656,2692]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB331313C327BDAB" box="[1279,1402,2656,2692]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.4706</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F51313C0EDBDAB" box="[1593,1712,2656,2692]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">1.0081</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA13F8CEF5BD9C" box="[278,2216,2699,2739]" gridrow="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD9913F8C519BD9C" box="[597,836,2699,2739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">head length</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE13F8C21DBD9C" box="[1026,1088,2699,2739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB3313F8C327BD9C" box="[1279,1402,2699,2739]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.9643</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F513F8C0EDBD9C" box="[1593,1712,2699,2739]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.7787</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA13CDCEF5BDF4" box="[278,2216,2750,2779]" gridrow="5" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD9913CDC519BDF4" box="[597,836,2750,2779]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">head width</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE13CDC21DBDF4" box="[1026,1088,2750,2779]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB3313CDC327BDF4" box="[1279,1402,2750,2779]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">1.1306</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F513CDC0EDBDF4" box="[1593,1712,2750,2779]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.6821</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA139ECEF5BC3F" box="[278,2216,2797,2832]" gridrow="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD99139EC519BC3F" box="[597,836,2797,2832]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">body weight</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE139EC21DBC3F" box="[1026,1088,2797,2832]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB33139EC327BC3F" box="[1279,1402,2797,2832]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.00049</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F5139EC0EDBC3F" box="[1593,1712,2797,2832]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">2.8317</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA126FCEF5BC10" box="[278,2216,2844,2879]" gridrow="7" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD99126FC519BC10" box="[597,836,2844,2879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">body weight</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE126FC21DBC10" box="[1026,1088,2844,2879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CW</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB33126FC327BC10" box="[1279,1402,2844,2879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.00044</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F5126FC0EDBC10" box="[1593,1712,2844,2879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">2.9147</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
<tr id="72E5094FFFC8004CFEDA1239CEF5BC5F" box="[278,2216,2890,2928]" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<th id="31346033FFC8004CFEDA1239C7C4BC5F" box="[278,409,2890,2928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">Japan</th>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFD991239C519BC5F" box="[597,836,2890,2928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">body weight</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFBCE1239C21DBC5F" box="[1026,1088,2890,2928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">CL</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CFB331239C327BC5F" box="[1279,1402,2890,2928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">0.00034</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF9F51239C0EDBC5F" box="[1593,1712,2890,2928]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">2.89</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="31346033FFC8004CF8A01239CEF5BC5F" box="[1900,2216,2890,2928]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC8FFE3F8A0123FCEF5BC40" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" box="[1900,2216,2892,2928]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">Anonymous (1984 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<tableNote id="31330A83FFC8FFE3FED612E5C58FBCFA" pageId="80" pageNumber="74" targetBox="[278,2216,2476,2928]" targetPageId="80">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FED612E5C4B6BC98" blockId="80.[282,978,2966,3036]" box="[282,747,2966,2999]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">aExpressed after inflection point.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC8FFE3FED612C7C58FBCFA" blockId="80.[282,978,2966,3036]" box="[282,978,2996,3036]" pageId="80" pageNumber="74">bCL = carapace length; CW = carapace width.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</tableNote>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FE871ADDC4D2B0C2" blockId="81.[284,1231,942,2029]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
A large number of loggerheads apparently nests in southern Turkey (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FDAD1A93C5E9B328" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[609,948,992,1031]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These authors estimated that 1,683 nests were deposited on 5 beaches: Dalyankov (47 nests/km), Alanya (30 nests/km), Kumluca (29.4 nests/km), Belek (10 nests/km), and Side (10 nests/km). These estimates were based on surveys conducted around research stations, and the densities were extrapolated to the entire beach. Thus, there is margin for error.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FD991C4CC5EBB249" author="Geldiay, R. & T. Koray & S. Balik" box="[597,950,1343,1382]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref75366" refString="Geldiay, R., T. Koray, and S. Balik. 1982. Status of sea turtle populations (Caretta c. caretta and Chelonia m. mydas) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Pages 425 - 434 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Geldiay et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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noted that only 100 km ofTurkey's 2,000-km Mediterranean coastline had been surveyed. Another substantial population of nesting females occurs in southeastern Africa. Hughes (19746) estimated the total population of nesting females in southern Africa as 10,000, with 4,000 in Tongaland, 3,000 in Madagascar, and 3,000 on the remainder of the African coastline, although the method of estimation was not stated. In Tongaland, Hughes (19746) reported 301 -502 nesting females per year (1969/70- 1972/73), although the largest number of nesting females handled in any year was only 408 (1963/64-1982/83;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FED11EE6C457B093" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[285,522,1941,1980]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref78791" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1984. Saving Tongaland's turtles. Pages 91 - 103 in P. J. Mundy (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium " The extinction alternative, " 19 - 20 May 1983, Pretoria." type="proceedings paper" year="1984">Hughes 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In Madagascar, 300 females nest per year (Hughes 197
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2FD901EB4C4D2B0C2" box="[604,655,1991,2029]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">\ e).</emphasis>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FE881159C53ABD87" blockId="81.[280,1226,2090,2728]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
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|
Other estimates of density or numbers of nests and females nesting annually are as follows (in order of decreasing importance): Wreck Island, Australia, 1,000 females/yr (Limpus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2FD1811CCC4B0BFC9" box="[724,749,2239,2278]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">in</emphasis>
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FD3611CCC5F5BFC9" author="Ross, J. P." box="[762,936,2239,2278]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); Quintana Roo, Mexico, 500 (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FDC41182C55BBE37" author="Marquez, R." box="[520,774,2289,2328]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref84255" refString="Marquez, R. 1976 a. Reservas naturales para la conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Mexico. Inst. Nac. Pesca, Mexico. No. 83, 22 pp." type="book" year="1976">Marquez 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
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); Quintana Roo, Mexico, <1,000 nests/yr (J. Woody, personal communication); Bundaberg beaches, Australia, roughly 275-625 females/yr (1969/70- 1980/81;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FC0B10F4C2F2BE81" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[967,1199,2439,2478]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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); Santa Marta, Colombia, 300 nests/yr, but declining (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FEEA1098C41BBD3D" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[294,582,2539,2578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref80219" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1973. Biologia de las tortugas marinas Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea, de la Costa Atlantica Colombiana. Acad. Colombiana Cienc. Exactas, Fisicas y Nat. 14 (54): 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1973">Kaufmann 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
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); Miyazaki, Japan, 79-532 (average = 278) "landings" per year (1976- 1983;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FC1D136EC732BD59" author="Iwamoto, T. & M. Ishii & Y. Nakashima & H. Takeshita & A. Itoh" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="505 - 511" refId="ref79283" refString="Iwamoto, T., M. Ishii, Y. Nakashima, H. Takeshita, and A. Itoh. 1985. Nesting cycles and migrations of the loggerhead sea turtle in Miyazaki, Japan. Jpn. J. Ecol. 35: 505 - 511." type="journal article" year="1985">Iwamoto et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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); Heron Island, Australia, <100 females/yr (1974/75- 1980/81;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FDA713F2C50BBD87" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[619,854,2689,2728]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
||
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|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FE8C1396CEF1B6F3" blockId="81.[275,1219,2789,3028]" lastBlockId="81.[1285,2224,336,476]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
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|
|
Thus, the largest nesting populations of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC9FFE2FC3D1396C29EBC23" authorityName="Not" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1009,1219,2789,2828]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caretta">
|
||
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|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2FC3D1396C29EBC23" box="[1009,1219,2789,2828]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">Caretta caretta</emphasis>
|
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
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|
are found in the southeastern United States and Oman, with South Africa and Australia also containing substantial populations. The full extent of nesting in Turkey, Japan, Brazil, and Mexico needs further evaluation before estimates can be made concerning population size and density. The estimates above may be unreliable because of the dynamic nature of sea turtle populations.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FA7C1B3FCED1B55B" blockId="81.[1456,2188,588,628]" box="[1456,2188,588,628]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFC9FFE2FA7C1B3FCED1B55B" box="[1456,2188,588,628]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">4.2.2 Changes in abundance and density</heading>
|
||
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|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FAE71BC1C04FB2B6" blockId="81.[1279,2224,690,1433]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
Although loggerheads may be seen year-round in some areas, there are some changes in abundance and density due to reproductive movements (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F7C41A64C30CB45E" author="Henwood, T. A." pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="191 - 202" refId="ref76837" refString="Henwood, T. A. 1987. Movements and seasonal changes in loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta aggregations in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida (1978 - 84). Biol. Conserv. 40: 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1987">Henwood 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; sections 2.2, 2.3, and 3.1.6). There also may be natural population fluctuations due to variation in survivorship and annual reproduction. In some areas, loggerhead numbers appear to be declining (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F7EB1A92C310B317" author="Abascal, J." journalOrPublisher="Mar y Pesca (Sept.)" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref64095" refString="Abascal, J. 1971. fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas? Mar y Pesca (Sept.): 20 - 27." title="fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas?" type="book chapter" year="1971">Abascal 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FABA1D60C076B317" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1398,1579,1043,1080]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F99F1D60C17AB317" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1619,1831,1043,1080]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F8871D60CEC0B317" author="Crouse, D. T. & L. B. Crowder & H. Caswell" box="[1867,2205,1043,1080]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="1412 - 1423" refId="ref70402" refString="Crouse, D. T., L. B. Crowder, and H. Caswell. 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68: 1412 - 1423." type="journal article" year="1987">Crouse et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) because of habitat destruction (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F89F1D37CE79B344" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1875,2084,1092,1131]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F79E1D37CEC0B344" author="Mann. T. M." box="[2130,2205,1092,1131]" journalOrPublisher="Fla. Mar. Res. Publ." pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="53 - 55" part="33" refId="ref83904" refString="Mann. T. M. 1978. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 53 - 55." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida" type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FACC1D05C176B3B2" author="Coston-Clements, L. & D. E. Hoss" box="[1280,1835,1142,1181]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref70204" refString="Coston-Clements, L., and D. E. Hoss. 1983. Synopsis of data on the impact of habitat alteration on sea turtles around the southeastern United States. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 117, 57 pp." type="journal volume" year="1983">Coston-Clements and Hoss 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; section 4.3.2) and incidental take, particularly in shrimp trawls (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F7DE1DDAC3FAB22D" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FA0E1DA8C1F8B22D" author="Shoop, C. R. & C. Ruckdeschel" box="[1474,1957,1243,1282]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="213 - 215" refId="ref92581" refString="Shoop, C. R., and C. Ruckdeschel. 1982. Increasing turtle strandings in the southeast United States: a complicating factor. Biol. Conserv. 23: 213 - 215." type="journal article" year="1982">Shoop and Ruckdeschel 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Crouse 19846;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FACC1C7DC38CB21B" author="Weber, M." box="[1280,1489,1294,1332]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref95936" refString="Weber, M. 1987. TEDS: Salvation for sea turtles? Defenders 62 (1): 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Weber 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FA3C1C7DC14FB21B" author="Thompson, G." box="[1520,1810,1294,1332]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The relative status of loggerhead populations around the world was reported by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FAF51C01C05AB2B6" author="Ross, J. P." box="[1337,1543,1394,1433]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref90476" refString="Ross, J. P. 1982. Historical decline of loggerhead, ridley, and leatherback sea turtles. Pages 189 - 195 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ross (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FA921F7BC12CB101" blockId="81.[1374,1905,1544,1632]" box="[1374,1905,1544,1582]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFC9FFE2FA921F7BC12CB101" box="[1374,1905,1544,1582]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">4. 3 Natality and Recruitment</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FA651F49C135B14F" blockId="81.[1374,1905,1544,1632]" box="[1449,1896,1594,1632]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFC9FFE2FA651F49C135B14F" box="[1449,1896,1594,1632]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">4.3. 1 Reproduction rates</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE2FAEB1FEEC1F7BD86" blockId="81.[1271,2219,1693,2729]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
The factors affecting reproductive rates ofloggerhead sea turtles appear to vary geographically, and there is considerable intrapopulational variation as well (section 3). This variation makes it difficult to assess reproductive output on particular beaches by a population of nesting females. A crude calculation follows: Loggerheads produce, on the average, 100-130 eggs per clutch (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFC9FFE2FA4B1E8AC06DBF30" box="[1415,1584,2041,2079]" captionStart="Table 16" captionStartId="46.[299,398,1181,1218]" captionTargetBox="[299,2237,1267,3030]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Table 16. Clutch size of loggerhead sea turtle nests." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFB6FF9DFEE71DEEC23CB3ED">Table 16</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
), with an average success rate of 60%-85 % hatching (
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFC9FFE2F9A91159C0A3BF7E" box="[1637,1790,2090,2129]" captionStart="Table 18" captionStartId="48.[289,388,1458,1492]" captionTargetBox="[284,2221,1586,2773]" captionText="Table 18. Percentage of loggerhead sea turtle eggs resulting in emerged hatchlings. (Unless otherwise indicated, thefigures are for nests as deposited by the female on a natural beach, and not disturbed by predators.)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFA8FF83FEED1CC1C1CBB12A">Table 18</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Assuming a female lays 2 or 3 times per season, then an individual may produce 120 to 332 hatchlings in a season. Most authors ascribe a 2 - or 3 -yr reproductive cycle for
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC9FFE2F87B11B3CE43BFC9" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1975,2078,2240,2278]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC9FFE2F87B11B3CE43BFC9" box="[1975,2078,2240,2278]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
females while acknowledging the pitfalls of the data supporting such cycles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FA211057C0B0BE64" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1517,1773,2340,2379]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref78588" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1976 a. Sea turtles in south east Africa. Pages 81 - 87 in Proceedings of a symposium " Endangered wildlife in southern Africa. " Endangered Wildlife Trust, University of Pretoria." type="proceedings" year="1976">Hughes 1976a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2F8D71057C130BE64" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1819,1901,2340,2379]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Frazer (19836) estimated a reproductive lifespan of 32 yr for loggerheads on Little Cumberland Island (LCI), GA. Assuming his estimate applies to other loggerhead populations, on a 2 -yr cycle, an average female might be expected to have 16 reproductive seasons, and produce 1,920-5,312 hatchlings. On a 3 - yr cycle, a female would produce 1,320-3,652 hatchlings.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC9FFE1FAED1395C722B146" blockId="81.[1271,2215,2790,3030]" lastBlockId="82.[284,1229,338,1641]" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="81" pageNumber="75">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC9FFE2FAED1395C051BC21" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1313,1548,2790,2830]" pageId="81" pageNumber="75" pagination="281 - 291" refId="ref73565" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1984. A model for assessing mean age-specific fecundity in sea turtle populations. Herpetologica 40: 281 - 291." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazer (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
produced a model to determine age-specific fecundity in LCI loggerheads based on a maximum 32 -yr reproductive lifespan. Using the model, he predicted that a female would produce 14,864 eggs if she produced eggs each year. Assuming a 2 -yr cycle, LCI females might produce 7,432 eggs during their reproductive life; a 3-yr cycle would produce 4,954 eggs. Again assuming a 60%-85 % hatching success, LCI females would have a reproductive output of 4,459- 6,317 successful hatchlings on a 2-yr cycle and 2,972-4,211 hatchlings on a 3-yr cycle. While the upper values are slightly higher than would be obtained by using mean values alone, these data show that a female produces a relatively small number ofhatchlings during her long lifespan even assuming maximum egg production, highest production of successful hatchlings per clutch, and maximum number of reproductive years. Most females probably rarely approach these maximum values even considering the high survivorship of adults under natural conditions (Frazer 19836, 1983c), since only 53 % of the adults would be alive after their first reproductive season and only 1 of 1,000 females survives to attain a 32-yr reproductive lifespan.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FED11D96C44CB222" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[285,529,1253,1293]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has shown survivorship from egg to adulthood to be only 0.0025 in a stable population, and from 0.0009 to 0.0018 in the declining population at Little Cumberland Island. Thus, an "average" female has a reproductive life of only 4 yr. Clearly, the number of successful hatchlings (i. e., those surviving from egg to adult) produced by an individual female is rather small.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FE041FA8C215B02D" blockId="82.[456,1096,1755,1794]" box="[456,1096,1755,1794]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCAFFE1FE041FA8C215B02D" box="[456,1096,1755,1794]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">4.3. 2 Factors affecting reproduction</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FE891E4CC4F5BE96" blockId="82.[283,1225,1855,2489]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">General environmental factors prevailing during the nesting season (heavy rains, floods, destructive storms, wave surge, temperature), as well as immediate specific environmental factors affecting nesting emergence (tide, time of day, moon phase), affect reproduction (section 3.1.6). The condition of the feeding grounds (i. e., amount and quality of food available to the female) also affects reproduction since it determines the female's ability to yolk-up several clutches of eggs. Factors affecting incubation and nest success (rain, gas exchange, predators, chemical content of sand, intraspecific and interspecific nest destruction) also affect reproductive success (section 3.1.7).</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FE881085CEF5B53B" blockId="82.[281,1225,2550,3038]" lastBlockId="82.[1278,2223,340,532]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead females are disturbed by lights and moving shadows as they approach and land on nesting beaches and during the early stages of nesting. Such females return quickly to the sea (Caldwell et al. 19596;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FED613CEC433BDCB" author="Margaritoulis. D." box="[282,622,2749,2788]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="323 - 332" refId="ref84114" refString="Margaritoulis. D. 1985. Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece. Pages 323 - 332 in 2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10." title="Preliminary observations on the breeding behaviour and ecology of Caretta caretta in Zakynthos. Greece." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="2 nd Congr. Intern. Zoogeogr. Ecol. Greco et des Regions Avoisinantes, Biol. Gallo-rlell., Vol. 10" year="1985">Margaritoulis 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Such behavior is readily evident on beaches frequently disturbed by human activity, such as the presence of people on the beach, or the presence of residences, resorts, commercial and military operations, and highways near nesting beaches (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FC3912F6C2EABC83" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1013,1207,2949,2988]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FED112C4C735BCF1" author="Mann. T. M." box="[285,360,2999,3038]" journalOrPublisher="Fla. Mar. Res. Publ." pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="53 - 55" part="33" refId="ref83904" refString="Mann. T. M. 1978. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 53 - 55." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida" type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FE4A12C4C5E2BCF1" author="Coston-Clements, L. & D. E. Hoss" box="[390,959,2999,3038]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref70204" refString="Coston-Clements, L., and D. E. Hoss. 1983. Synopsis of data on the impact of habitat alteration on sea turtles around the southeastern United States. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SEFC- 117, 57 pp." type="journal volume" year="1983">Coston-Clements and Hoss 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FC1112C4C310B654" author="Witherington, B. E." box="[989,1357,340,3038]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref96617" refString="Witherington, B. E. 1986. Human and natural causes of marine turtle clutch and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. University of Central Florida, Orlando." type="book" year="1986">Witherington 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FAA31827C1F0B654" author="Ehrhart, L. M. & B. E. Witherington" box="[1391,1965,340,379]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref72163" refString="Ehrhart, L. M., and B. E. Witherington. 1987. Human and natural causes of marine turtle nest and hatchling mortality and their relationship to hatchling production on an important Florida nesting beach. Fla. Game Fresh Water Fish Comm. Nongame Wild!. Prog., Tech. Rep. No. 1, 141 pp." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart and Witherington 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
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). A variety of management options have been proposed to deal with these problems (section 6), especially with regard to the modification of beachfront lighting (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F8BA189FCECAB53B" author="Raymond, P. W." box="[1910,2199,492,532]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref89369" refString="Raymond, P. W. 1984 a. Sea turtle hatchling disorientation and artificial beachfront lighting. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC, 72 pp." type="book" year="1984">Raymond 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
).
|
||
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|
</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FA671B07C0A9B5B4" blockId="82.[1451,1780,628,667]" box="[1451,1780,628,667]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
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<heading id="9722BC61FFCAFFE1FA671B07C0A9B5B4" box="[1451,1780,628,667]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">4.3.3 Recruitment</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FAE51BA9CE0EB2E9" blockId="82.[1278,2221,730,1478]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
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Little is known concerning actual recruitment to loggerhead populations. Based on a summary of 7 yr of tag return data,
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F9B51A4CC1CEB449" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1657,1939,831,870]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
estimated that the recruitment rate was relatively high—between 20 % -30%—for the Tongaland population. At the Heron Island Reef resident population in Australia, recruitment was estimated at 13.1%- 17.4 %, although this included turtles moving from one resident population to another (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F9C11D1CC0B0B3B7" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1549,1773,1135,1176]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Most of the turtles which were never previously tagged elsewhere and were recorded as recruits, were immature with a CCL at the lower end of the population (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F8EE1C7BCE4EB21F" author="Limpus, CJ" box="[1826,2067,1288,1328]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref82340" refString="Limpus, CJ. 1985. A study of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in eastern Australia. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia." type="book" year="1985">Limpus 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F7F21C7BC335B24C" author="Frazer, N. B." pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
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mathematically demonstrated that a survival rate (egg-to-reproductive adult) of 0.0025 is necessary to maintain a stable population of nesting females.
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FA931F56C00DB164" blockId="82.[1375,1825,1573,1659]" box="[1375,1616,1573,1611]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
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|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCAFFE1FA931F56C00DB164" box="[1375,1616,1573,1611]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">4.4 Mortality</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FA671F26C17CB154" blockId="82.[1375,1825,1573,1659]" box="[1451,1825,1621,1659]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
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|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCAFFE1FA671F26C17CB154" box="[1451,1825,1621,1659]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">4.4.1 Mortality rates</heading>
|
||
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|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FAEB1FC9C16EBFFA" blockId="82.[1277,2220,1722,2261]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
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|
Adult mortality (1 - survival rate) can be estimated from
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1FAAE1F98C000B03C" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1378,1629,1771,1811]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="436 - 447" refId="ref73528" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 c. Survivorship of adult female loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Herpetologica 39: 436 - 447." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer (1983c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
as 0.19/yr at Little Cumberland Island, GA. Juvenile mortality for this population was estimated as 0.305/yr (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F94F1E23C109B057" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1667,1876,1872,1912]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="232 - 235" refId="ref73623" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1987. Preliminary estimates of survivorship for wild loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 21: 232 - 235." type="journal article" year="1987">Frazer 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These are the only mortality rate estimates available.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F8831EF0CE68B084" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1871,2101,1923,1963]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="436 - 447" refId="ref73528" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 c. Survivorship of adult female loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, nesting on Little Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA. Herpetologica 39: 436 - 447." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
|
|
Frazer (1983
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F7E41EF0CEC0B084" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[2088,2205,1923,1963]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="11 - 14" refId="ref82570" refString="Limpus, C. J., and CJ. Parmenter. 1986. The sea turtle resources of the Torres Strait region. Pages 95 - 107 in A. K. Haines, G. C. Williams, and D. Coates (eds.), Proceedings of the Torres Strait Fisheries Seminar, Port Moresby, 11 - 14 February 1985." type="book chapter" year="1986">c, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
) estimated that the loggerhead population nesting on Little Cumberland Island, GA, was declining at a rate of 3.0 % per year. The survival rate from egg to reproductive adult was estimated at only 0.0009 to 0.0018, below that which is necessary to maintain a stable population (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F98711DDC17FBFFA" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1611,1826,2222,2261]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FA6D105BCEFEBE60" blockId="82.[1441,2211,2344,2383]" box="[1441,2211,2344,2383]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCAFFE1FA6D105BCEFEBE60" box="[1441,2211,2344,2383]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">4.4.2 Factors causing or affecting mortality</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCAFFE1FAD310F8C300BCF7" blockId="82.[1268,2216,2443,3032]" pageId="82" pageNumber="76">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead hatchlings are preyed upon primarily by ghost crabs, sharks, predatory bony fishes, and a variety of mammals, including the water mongoose, genets, raccoons, foxes, dogs, and cats. A variety ofbirds also take hatchlings that emerge during daylight hours (section 3.3.2;
|
||
|
|
<tableCitation id="81573EB6FFCAFFE1FA0B13F0C031BD84" box="[1479,1644,2691,2731]" captionStart="Table 21" captionStartId="55.[264,363,328,379]" captionTargetBox="[266,2199,467,3025]" captionText="Table 21. Nonhuman predators ofloggerhead sea turtles. A = adult;J = juvenile; H = hatchling; E = egg; U = unknown or unreported." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687" pageId="82" pageNumber="76" tableUuid="98AA5B85FFAFFF84FEC4183BC36EB687">Table 21</tableCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Mortality from nonpredatory animals, including disease, starvation, and cold-stunning, undoubtedly occurs but nothing is known about effects on particular populations. Mortality of hatchlings also occurs from the ingestion of tar, oil residues, and plastic and styrofoam objects (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCAFFE1F7FA120DC311BCF7" author="Balazs, G. H." pageId="82" pageNumber="76" refId="ref65294" refString="Balazs, G. H. 1985. Impact of ocean debris on marine turtles: entanglement and ingestion. Pages 387 - 429 in R. S. Shomura and H. O. Yoshida (eds.), Proceedings of the Workshop on the Fate and Impact ofMarine Debris, 26 - 29 November 1984, Honolulu, Hawaii. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC- 54." type="proceedings" year="1985">Balazs 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCBFFE0FEF71813C7A5B380" blockId="83.[274,1218,352,1199]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
||
|
|
Juvenile, subadult, and adult loggerheads are preyed upon primarily by sharks, particularly tiger sharks
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCBFFE0FEDB18B5C414B6C1" box="[279,585,454,494]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCBFFE0FEED18B5C467B6C1" baseAuthorityName="Peron & Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[289,570,454,494]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvieri">Galeocerdo cuvieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
These size classes also are prone to cold-stunning during periods of particularly cold weather, and may ingest tar and plastic leading to injury and death. A small number ofloggerheads die from trauma associated with boat collisions, and some are maliciously killed by humans for unknown reasons (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FEDB1B81C46EB434" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[279,563,754,795]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Seventy-one loggerheads were killed during the dredging of the Port Canaveral Ship Channel, FL, in 1980 (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FDF11A2BC54AB450" author="Rudloe, J." box="[573,791,856,895]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="60 - 64" refId="ref90818" refString="Rudloe, J. 1981. From the jaws of death. Sports Illust. 54 (13): 60 - 64, 66 - 68, 70." type="journal article" year="1981">Rudloe 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FCFC1A2BC5ABB450" author="Joyce, J. C." box="[816,1014,856,895]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="282 - 285" refId="ref79729" refString="Joyce, J. C. 1982. Protecting sea turtles while dredging. Military Engineer No. 481 (July / August): 282 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1982">Joyce 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
); 1,250 loggerheads were relocated after it became apparent that serious mortality was occurring. Procedures, including use of the California-type draghead and the limitation of trawling to autumn when few turtles are present, have been implemented to reduce mortality in the future (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FEE81DFBC7BAB380" author="Studt, J. F." box="[292,487,1160,1199]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref94234" refString="Studt, J. F. 1987. Amelioration of maintenance dredging impacts on sea turtles, Canaveral Harbor, Florida. Pages 55 - 58 in W. N. Witzell (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Studt 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCBFFE0FEF31D98C12FB6C5" blockId="83.[273,1219,1259,3041]" lastBlockId="83.[1270,2210,350,490]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
||
|
|
Mortality from incidental catch in pound nets, trawls, and long-line operations may also take considerable numbers of loggerheads. Loggerheads are particularly prone to mortality from drowning in shrimp trawls since they try to outswim the trawl and thus exhaust themselves (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FE5C1C97C4E0B123" author="Ogren, L. H. & J. W. Watson, Jr. & D. A. Wickham" box="[400,701,1508,1548]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="15 - 17" refId="ref86867" refString="Ogren, L. H., J. W. Watson, Jr., and D. A. Wickham. 1977. Loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, encountering shrimp trawls. Mar. Fish. Rev. 39: 15 - 17." type="journal article" year="1977">Ogren et al. 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FD171C97C260B123" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." box="[731,1085,1508,1548]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FBAC1C97C4C3B111" author="Bullis, H. R., Jr. & S. B. Drummond" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref67666" refString="Bullis, H. R., Jr., and S. B. Drummond. 1978. Sea turtle captures off the southeastern United States by exploratory fishing vessels 1950 - 1976. Fla. Mar. Res. Bull. 33: 45 - 50." type="journal article" year="1978">Bullis and Drummond (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported 41 loggerheads caught in 7,625 h of trawling by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) research vessels, but these figures were based on trawls in areas where turtles might not be expected to be abundant. South Carolina shrimpers caught 1 -3 turtles per week with an estimated mortality rate of 18.2 % in 1976 and 43.3 % in 1977 (Ulrich 1978
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCBFFE0FB681E32C2E3B048" box="[1188,1214,1857,1895]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">in</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FED91E00C432B0B6" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." box="[277,623,1907,1945]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FD5C1E00C2E3B0B6" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" box="[656,1214,1907,1945]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">Richardson and Hillestad (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reviewed incidental catch of Georgia loggerheads. Of trawler captures in Georgia and South Carolina from 1978 to 1979, most (259 of 274) were subadults (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FB92117AC445BF4D" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FDF41148C27CBF4D" author="Ruckdeschel, C & R. Zug" box="[568,1057,2107,2146]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref90736" refString="Ruckdeschel, C, andG. R. Zug. 1982. Mortality of sea turtles Caretta caretta in coastal waters of Georgia. Biol. Conserv. 22: 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1982">Ruckdeschel and Zug (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported an increase in loggerhead mortality at Cumberland Island, GA, between 1974 and 1979, and noted that strandings coincided with the shrimping season. However, these authors believed that not all mortality could be attributed to commercial fishing alone, as pollutants and sea detritis could contribute to mortality through disease and starvation.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FD5A10E4C5D6BE91" author="Ehrhart, L. M." box="[662,907,2455,2494]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref71827" refString="Ehrhart, L. M. 1987. Marine turtle mortality in the vicinity of Port Canaveral, Florida, 1977 - 84. Pages 1 - 20 in W. N. Witzeil (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Ehrhart (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that loggerhead strandings (A^ = 602) were highly correlated with heightened shrimping activities between 1977 and 1984 in the Port Canaveral area of Florida. As many as 45,000 loggerheads now are caught by shrimpers annually in the southeastern United States, of which 12,600 are estimated to drown (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FCFB13B2C250BDC7" author="Weber, M." box="[823,1037,2753,2792]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref95936" refString="Weber, M. 1987. TEDS: Salvation for sea turtles? Defenders 62 (1): 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Weber 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FBE313B2C790BC36" author="Thompson, G." pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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, based on NMFS estimates, stated that 47,973 turtles were caught of which 11,179 died. From 1980 through 1986, the NMFS reported 8,317 turtles stranded on U. S. coasts, the vast majority of which were loggerheads. Shrimping also occurs off loggerhead beaches in Mexico, Australia (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F8D0182DCE45B6AA" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1820,2072,350,389]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="42 - 45" refId="ref82111" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1973 a. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in Australia: food sources while nesting. Herpetologica 29: 42 - 45." type="journal article" year="1973">Limpus 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
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), South America, South Africa (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F94618E2C126B697" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1674,1915,401,440]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
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), and Japan. The extent of this mortality is unknown.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCBFFE0FAED1B5BC1D5B140" blockId="83.[1267,2211,552,1647]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
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Loggerheads are caught and drowned incidentally in pound nets in the Chesapeake Bay, VA (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F83D1B28C31FB59C" author="Lutcavage, M. E." pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref83465" refString="Lutcavage, M. E. 1981. The status of marine turtles in Chesapeake Bay and Virginia coastal waters. Unpubl. M. A. Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA." type="book" year="1981">Lutcavage 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FAAF1BFFC108B59C" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1379,1877,652,691]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Since monitoring began in 1979, between 100 and 225 dead loggerheads per year have been reported (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F8CC1B82C19CB437" author="Cook, D." box="[1792,1985,753,792]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="2 - 3" refId="ref70015" refString="Cook, D. 1982. Logging in the loggerheads. VIMS Mar. Res. Bull. 14: 2 - 3." type="journal article" year="1982">Cook 1982</bibRefCitation>
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). From 1979 to 1981, 527 dead
|
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<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCBFFE0F9891A50C0F0B465" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1605,1709,803,842]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCBFFE0F9891A50C0F0B465" box="[1605,1709,803,842]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">Caretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were recorded, although all mortality cannot be attributed solely to drowning in pound nets (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FA001AFBC1EEB49F" author="Lutcavage. M. E .. & J. A. Musick" box="[1484,1971,904,944]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="449 - 456" part="1985" refId="ref83587" refString="Lutcavage. M. E .. and J. A. Musick. 1985. Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia. Copeia 1985: 449 - 456." title="Aspects of the biologv of sea turtles in Virginia" type="journal article" year="1985">Lutcavage and Musick 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). C. R. Shoop
|
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCBFFE0FB391AC8C342B4CC" box="[1269,1311,955,995]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">(in</emphasis>
|
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Crouse 19846) also reported pound net mortality in Rhode Island and New York, although Meylan (personal communication) knew of no cases of drowning due to pound nets in Long Island Sound, NY. Other nets that might ensnare loggerheads include large-mesh gill nets, purse seines, and shoreline set nets (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F8661DCBCECEB3F0" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1962,2195,1208,1247]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes 1974a</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FB3A1D99C389B23E" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[1270,1492,1258,1297]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="444 - 445" refId="ref82167" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1975. The Pacific ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz) and other sea turtles in northeastern Australia. Herpetologica 31: 444 - 445." type="journal article" year="1975">Limpus 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FA3E1D99C111B23E" author="Hillestad, H. O. & L Richardson & C. McVea, Jr. & M. Watson, Jr." box="[1522,1868,1258,1297]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref77253" refString="Hillestad, H. O., J. L Richardson, C. McVea, Jr., andJ. M. Watson, Jr. 1982. Worldwide incidental capture of sea turtles. Pages 489 - 495 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hillestad et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
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; Crouse 19846). In South Africa, most of the turtles caught in shark nets were subadults, and
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F9BB1C3DC1D0B25A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1655,1933,1358,1397]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
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suggested that larger turtles remained outside the littoral waters where nets are set. Shark fishermen, using baited hooks, also are reported to take large numbers of subadults in the Azores (Carr 19866) and Baleares islands (J. Mayol, personal communication to A. Carr).
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCBFFE0FA981FADC114B02C" blockId="83.[1364,1865,1758,1795]" box="[1364,1865,1758,1795]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
||
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|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCBFFE0FA981FADC114B02C" box="[1364,1865,1758,1795]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">4.5 Dynamics of Population</heading>
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCBFFE7FAD01E32C722B33F" blockId="83.[1264,2206,1857,3041]" lastBlockId="84.[291,1236,340,1040]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="83" pageNumber="77">
|
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|
The population dynamics, or more properly the life history characteristics, of sea turtles, using nonmathematical data, have been briefly reviewed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F7D51ED7C303B0D2" author="Bustard, H. R." pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref68006" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1979. Population dynamics of sea turtles. Pages 523 - 540 in M. Harless and H. Morlock (eds.), Turtles, perspectives and research, John Wiley & Sons, NY." type="book" year="1979">Bustard (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
. The only population models available for any loggerhead population are those developed for the Little Cumberland Island nesting population (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F8591148C3A5BFBE" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson & M. W. Dix" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref90195" refString="Richardson, J. I., T. H. Richardson, and M. W. Dix. 1978 a. Population estimates for nesting female loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta) in the St. Andrew Sound area of southeastern Georgia, U. S. A. Fla. Mar. Res. Publ. 33: 34 - 38." type="journal article" year="1978">Richardson and Hillestad 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F9EF111EC10FBFBE" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" box="[1571,1874,2157,2193]" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F8B2111EC041BFEC" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F98D11ECC17BBFEC" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1601,1830,2207,2243]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="516 - 519" refId="ref73459" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1983 a. Effect of tidal cycles on loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, emerging from the sea. Copeia 1983: 516 - 519." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazer 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
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, 19836,
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F81D11ECCE40BFEC" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[2001,2077,2207,2243]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="281 - 291" refId="ref73565" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1984. A model for assessing mean age-specific fecundity in sea turtle populations. Herpetologica 40: 281 - 291." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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,
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F78811ECCED2BFEC" author="Frazer, N. B. & J. I. Richardson" box="[2116,2191,2207,2243]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref73793" refString="Frazer, N. B., and J. I. Richardson. 1986. The relationship of clutch size and frequency to body size in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. J. Herpetol. 20: 81 - 84." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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,
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FB3911A2C31ABFD7" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1269,1351,2257,2296]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="232 - 235" refId="ref73623" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1987. Preliminary estimates of survivorship for wild loggerhead sea turtles {Caretta caretta). J. Herpetol. 21: 232 - 235." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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), including a preliminary life table (Frazer 19836). Development of these models was facilitated by more than 20 yr of nesting data, during which virtually every female that nested was recorded and tagged. These data indicate a 3.0 % rate of population decline (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F87310E4CED4BE91" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[1983,2185,2455,2494]" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
).
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FB3D10BAC1D8BEDF" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" box="[1265,1925,2505,2544]" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson's (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
model predicts 39 % annual recruitment, 3 yr as the mean longevity of nesting adults, and a turnover of nesting females every 6 yr. These authors constructed a survivorship curve in which a cohort replaces 50 % of itself the first 3 nesting seasons and 90 % during the first 13 nesting seasons.
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0FB3D1387C103BC34" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" box="[1265,1886,2804,2843]" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
further estimated that survivorship from egg to adult would have to be 0.0013 to maintain a stationary population.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F7E2122BC300BC9F" author="Frazer, N. B." pageId="83" pageNumber="77" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCBFFE0F9FE12FACEC1BC9F" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" box="[1586,2204,2953,2992]" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="83" pageNumber="77" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
did not adjust fecundity for sex ratio, and he recalculated the survivorship value to be twice that of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FBC71827C4FFB682" author="Richardson, J. I. & T. H. Richardson" journalOrPublisher="Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref90137" refString="Richardson, J. I., and T. H. Richardson. 1982. An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." title="An experimental population model for the loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta). Pages 165 - 176 in K. Bjorndal (ed.)" type="book" year="1982">Richardson and Richardson (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FD7118F6C5C1B682" author="Frazer, N. B." box="[701,924,389,429]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref73592" refString="Frazer, N. B. 1986. Survival from egg to adulthood in a declining population of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. Herpetologica 42: 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="1986">Frazer (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
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further noted that Hughes' (1974a) estimates were somewhat lower than his, but that
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FE3B1899C4A7B53D" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[503,762,490,530]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref78423" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1974 a. The sea turtles of south-east Africa. II. The biology of the Tongaland loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta L. with comments on the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea L. and the green turtle Chelonia mydas L. in the study region. Oceanogr. Res. Inst. Invest. Rep. No. 36." type="book" year="1974">Hughes (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
used a 1:2 sex ratio.
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FB961899C7B2B569" author="Crouse, D. T. & L. B. Crowder & H. Caswell" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="1412 - 1423" refId="ref70402" refString="Crouse, D. T., L. B. Crowder, and H. Caswell. 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68: 1412 - 1423." type="journal article" year="1987">Crouse et al. (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
have used a stage-based population model to examine the sensitivity of Frazer's life table, and concluded that management practices currently focus on the least responsive life-stage, the eggs on the nesting beach. Survival of the juvenile and subadult stages has the largest effect on population growth. The strength or longevity of a loggerhead population does not come from sheer numbers alone, but from a combination of survival, fecundity, and growth throughout the life cycle.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FE4F1D07C4DCB3E0" blockId="84.[387,1231,1140,1231]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
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|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCCFFE7FE4F1D07C4DCB3E0" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">4.6 The Population in the Community and the Ecosystem</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FE871C7FC426B077" blockId="84.[289,1231,1292,1880]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">The loggerhead sea turtle is a large marine reptile inhabiting a wide variety of marine habitats in temperate, subtropical, and tropical seas. As with other marine turtles, populations appear to be separated into discrete breeding populations (section 3.1). The loggerhead inhabits offshore areas, lagoons, estuaries, and reefs adjacent to, or at some distance from, nesting beaches (section 2). It is primarily carnivorous, feeding on a wide variety of marine invertebrates (section 3.4). Although loggerheads share the marine environment with several other species of marine turtles, there are no known serious competitors.</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FE871EFAC4B7BE41" blockId="84.[287,1230,1929,2414]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead turtles are not group nesters in the sense of turtles of the genus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCCFFE7FD5C1EC8C50DB0CE" box="[656,848,1979,2017]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCCFFE7FD5C1EC8C516B0CE" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[656,843,1979,2017]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
although many turtles could potentially be on a nesting beach simultaneously. They usually renest two to three times within a nesting season, although there is a great deal of individual variation. Loggerheads frequently nest on the same beaches as other sea turtles, although they are usually numerically the dominant nester on their major nesting beaches. Intergeneric mating appears to be extremely rare (section 2.4).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FE8510EDC5A8BD79" blockId="84.[282,1228,2462,2646]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">Loggerhead eggs and hatchlings are eaten by a wide variety of predators (sections 3.1. 7 and 3.2.2), while juveniles, subadults, and adults appear to be preyed upon primarily by sharks (section 3.3.4).</paragraph>
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||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FE8413F5C19EB6F1" blockId="84.[280,1226,2694,3038]" lastBlockId="84.[1284,2227,339,478]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
|
Some loggerhead populations appear to be, or are, declining, or are certainly threatened (southeastern United States outside Florida, Mexico, Caribbean, Colombia, Mediterranean, Madagascar, Mozambique, Japan) due to habitat destruction or alteration, incidental take, and the directed take of eggs and adults. Others are stable (Florida, see
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FD6412C5C232BCF1" author="Conley, W. J. & B. A. Hoffman" box="[680,1135,2998,3038]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="201 - 210" refId="ref69977" refString="Conley, W. J., and B. A. Hoffman. 1987. Nesting activity of sea turtles in Florida, 1979 - 1985. Fla. Sei. 50: 201 - 210." type="journal article" year="1987">Conley and Hoffman 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and appear reasonably protected (South Africa, Australia). The status of the remainder is unknown (Oman, West Africa, New Caledonia, Brazil, China).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FACA1B23C023B559" blockId="84.[1286,2045,592,682]" box="[1286,1662,592,630]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="9722BC61FFCCFFE7FACA1B23C023B559" box="[1286,1662,592,630]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">5. EXPLOITATION</heading>
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
||
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FAAA1BF0C1A0B585" blockId="84.[1286,2045,592,682]" box="[1382,2045,643,682]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
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<heading id="9722BC61FFCCFFE7FAAA1BF0C1A0B585" box="[1382,2045,643,682]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">5.1 Fishing Equipment and Methods</heading>
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FAE11B9BCEF1B01B" blockId="84.[1282,2226,744,1844]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
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At many nesting beaches, loggerhead turtles are protected from capture (e.g., Australia, Oman, South Africa, United States) and as such there is no directed fishery. Also, the meat is not considered very good to eat by many people (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9AB1AC6C142B4F2" author="Hartt, C. F." box="[1639,1823,949,989]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref76617" refString="Hartt, C. F. 1870. Thayer expedition: Scientific results of a journey in Brazil by Louis Agassiz and his travelling companions. Geology and physical geography of Brazil. Fields, Osgood & Co., Boston." type="book" year="1870">Hartt 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F8F51AC6CEF9B4F2" author="Ingle, R. M. & F. G. W. Smith" box="[1849,2212,949,989]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref79047" refString="Ingle, R. M., and F. G. W. Smith. 1949. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, with annotated bibliography. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL, 106 pp." type="book" year="1949">Ingle and Smith 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FAC81A9BC38AB320" author="Villiers, A." box="[1284,1495,1000,1039]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref95675" refString="Villiers, A. 1958. Tortues et crocodiles de l'Afrique noire francaise. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, Init. Africaines 15: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1958">Villiers 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; Caldwell 1960;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9341A9BCEF9B320" author="Murthy, T. S. N. & A. G. K. Menon" box="[1784,2212,1000,1039]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref86174" refString="Murthy, T. S. N., and A. G. K. Menon. 1976. The turtle resources of India. Seafood Export J. 8: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1976">Murthy and Menon 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FAC91D68C383B36C" author="Frazier, J." box="[1285,1502,1051,1091]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="2 - 21" refId="ref74035" refString="Frazier, J. 1984 a. Las tortugas marinas en el Oceano Atlantico Sur Occidental. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina 2: 2 - 21." type="journal article" year="1984">Frazier 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9C81D68C0F0B36C" author="Moll, D." box="[1540,1709,1051,1091]" journalOrPublisher="Oryx" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="155 - 157" part="19" refId="ref85731" refString="Moll, D. 1985. The marine turtles of Belize. Oryx 19: 155 - 157." title="The marine turtles of Belize" type="journal article" year="1985">Moll 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9061D68C1E8B36C" author="Schleich, H. H." box="[1738,1973,1051,1091]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="37 - 80" refId="ref91349" refString="Schleich, H. H. 1987. Contributions to the herpetology ofKouf National Park (NE-Libya) and adjacent area. Spixiana 10 (l): 37 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Schleich 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). This may explain why loggerhead remains are so rarely found in Paleo-Indian sites adjacent to large nesting colonies (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FADC1DC7C3A3B3F3" author="Johnson, W. R." box="[1296,1534,1204,1244]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref79549" refString="Johnson, W. R. 1952. Lepidochelys kempii and Caretta c. caretta from a south Florida Indian mound. Herpetologica 8: 36." type="journal volume" year="1952">Johnson 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9D21DC7C10DB3F3" author="Wing, E. S. & C. A. Hoffman, Jr. & C. E. Ray" box="[1566,1872,1204,1244]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="123 - 139" refId="ref96486" refString="Wing, E. S., C. A. Hoffman, Jr., and C. E. Ray. 1968. Vertebrate remains from Indian sites on Antigua, West Indies. Caribb. J. Sei. 8 (3 - 4): 123 - 139." type="journal article" year="1968">Wing et al. 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F8BA1DC7CEECB3F3" author="Englehardt, G. P." box="[1910,2225,1204,1244]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="73 - 74" refId="ref72330" refString="Englehardt, G. P. 1912. The turtle market at Key West. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sei. Mus. News 7: 73 - 74." type="journal article" year="1912">Englehardt (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
noted that the loggerhead was oflittle economic importance at the turtle market in Key West, FL, because of their "inferior quality as food."
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F8851C39CE4DB25E" author="True, F. B." box="[1865,2064,1354,1393]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref94884" refString="True, F. B. 1884. The useful aquatic reptiles and batrachians. Part II of Sec. I. Pages 137 - 162 in The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish., Govt. Print. Off., Washington, DC." type="book" year="1884">True (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
describes loggerhead meat as leathery and oily, smelling strongly of musk. However, he considered young loggerheads as " tolerably esculent."
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9641C92C130B127" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[1704,1901,1505,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref68929" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1952. Handbook ofTurtles. The turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY." type="book" year="1952">Carr (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
called it tough and stringy, but noted that it is eaten by some people as "turtleburgers" or in soup. Only Cuba and Mexico appear to have a commercial industry focusing on the loggerhead (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FA161FD9C197B1FE" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[1498,1994,1706,1745]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rua 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F8261FD9C05CB02D" author="Rainey, W. E. & P. C. H. Pritchard" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="135 - 145" refId="ref89249" refString="Rainey, W. E., and P. C. H. Pritchard. 1972. Distribution and management of Caribbean sea turtles. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 37: 135 - 145." type="journal article" year="1972">Rainey and Pritchard 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9D21FA8C17CB02D" author="Marquez, R." box="[1566,1825,1755,1794]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref84255" refString="Marquez, R. 1976 a. Reservas naturales para la conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Mexico. Inst. Nac. Pesca, Mexico. No. 83, 22 pp." type="book" year="1976">Marquez 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), although substantial numbers also are taken in Madagascar (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F8601E7ECED8B01B" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1964,2181,1805,1844]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
«).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE7FAE01E03C106BC6A" blockId="84.[1278,2224,1904,2885]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
|
The most common methods of directed capture include "turning turtle" (i. e., flipping a turtle on its back while it is on a nesting beach), harpooning, diving, and the use of nets. Harpoons typically have a wooden shaft with a detachable point of wood or metal. The point has a long line tied to it which the fisherman holds and uses to eventually pull the tired turtle to the boat or canoe. In the late 1800's in North Carolina, loggerheads were speared with harpoons called "gauges;" diving was used to supplement harpooning and to avoid damaging the turtle (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F9CD1012C0E0BEA8" author="True, F. B." box="[1537,1725,2401,2439]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="495 - 499" refId="ref94942" refString="True, F. B. 1887. The turtle and terrapin fisheries. Part XIX of Sec. V, Vol. 2. Pages 495 - 499 in The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish., Govt. Print. Off., Washington, DC." type="journal article" year="1887">True 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In Madagascar, fishermen balanced themselves in canoes called "lakampiara " and harpooned turtles (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7F98B10B1CE14BEC7" author="Vaillant, L. & G. Grandidier" box="[1607,2121,2498,2536]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="26 - 80" refId="ref95355" refString="Vaillant, L., and G. Grandidier. 1910. Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. Vol. XVII. Histoire naturelle des reptiles, premiere partie: crocodiles et tortues. A. and G. Grandidier, Paris. Pages 26 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1910">Vaillant and Grandidier 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The harpoons, called "fondaka," were tipped with a detachable hard wooden spear, called a "teza." The teza had a cord about 150-200 m long attached to it by which the turtler could pull in the turtle when it tired. Variations on this method have been used worldwide. For instance,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FA44139FC0F4BC3C" author="Audubon, JJ" bookContentInfo="G. A. Baker and Co., NY" box="[1416,1705,2796,2835]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" pagination="194 - 202" refId="ref64848" refString="Audubon, JJ. 1926. The Turtlers. Pages 194 - 202 in Delineations of American scenery and character, G. A. Baker and Co., NY." title="The Turtlers." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Delineations of American scenery and character" year="1926">Audubon (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
described a similar harpoon used by turtlers in the Caribbean.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCCFFE6FAE412F7C7A7B3D1" blockId="84.[1277,2218,2948,3038]" lastBlockId="85.[265,1208,330,1278]" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="84" pageNumber="78">
|
||
|
|
In Mexico,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCCFFE7FA3512F7C0B1BC84" author="Ramos, P. R." box="[1529,1772,2948,2987]" pageId="84" pageNumber="78" refId="ref89326" refString="Ramos, P. R. 1974. Generalidades sobre la pesqueria de tortugas marinas en Isla Mujeres, Q _. Roo. Inst. Nac. Pesca (Mexico) Ser. Divulg. No. 7, 9 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ramos (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported loggerheads are captured using mesh nets, harpoons called "pegas," and by diving on the turtles in the water.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FC791839C2E5B65B" author="Abascal, J." box="[949,1208,330,372]" journalOrPublisher="Mar y Pesca (Sept.)" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref64095" refString="Abascal, J. 1971. fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas? Mar y Pesca (Sept.): 20 - 27." title="fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas?" type="book chapter" year="1971">Abascal (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE97180EC468B689" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[347,565,381,422]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
discussed the nets used by fishermen to catch sea turtles in Caribbean waters. These nets, set primarily for green and hawksbill turtles, were constructed of cotton line of about 33 threads with a mesh of 20.3-30.5 cm diameter. They were up to 61 m long and 6.1 -12.2 m deep, and sometimes were supported by wooden floats carved and painted like turtles. These wooden floats have given way to modern floats of plastic and styrofoam.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FDE91A61C57AB414" author="Abascal, J." box="[549,807,786,827]" journalOrPublisher="Mar y Pesca (Sept.)" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref64095" refString="Abascal, J. 1971. fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas? Mar y Pesca (Sept.): 20 - 27." title="fie extingue la caguama en nuestras aguas?" type="book chapter" year="1971">Abascal (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided photographs of fishermen setting nets and removing a loggerhead from a net. Set nets, diving, hook and line fishing, harpoons and " turning turtle" are all used by Cuban fishermen (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE171AA9C24CB32D" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[475,1041,986,1026]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rua 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Cuban loggerheads are consumed locally, and the skin is used to make leather goods (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FD5E1D4CC5CFB348" author="Gonzalez, J. J." box="[658,914,1087,1127]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="14 - 17" refId="ref75674" refString="Gonzalez, J. J. 1982. Las pieles marinas primicias de una curiosa industria. Mar Pesca 203: 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="1982">Gonzalez 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) catch statistics for loggerheads taken in Cuba during 1971 amounted to 0.4 t (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FEDB1DA4C7B5B3D1" author="Bacon, P. R." box="[279,488,1239,1278]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref65053" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1975. Review on research, exploitation and management of the stocks of sea turtles. FAO Fish. Circ. No. 334, 19 pp." type="book" year="1975">Bacon 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FEFD1C49C2F7BD21" blockId="85.[257,1206,1338,2574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
Although relatively few loggerheads appear to be taken by directed fisheries at present, especially compared with fisheries for the other marine turtles, this has not always been the case.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FD2A1CA3C5E4B2D8" author="True, F. B." box="[742,953,1488,1527]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="495 - 499" refId="ref94942" refString="True, F. B. 1887. The turtle and terrapin fisheries. Part XIX of Sec. V, Vol. 2. Pages 495 - 499 in The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish., Govt. Print. Off., Washington, DC." type="journal article" year="1887">True (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported that small loggerheads found ready sale in the interior markets ofNorth Carolina. In 1895, 11,364 kg ofloggerheads entered the market at Key West, FL (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FC2F1F14C2C0B1A1" author="Brice, J. J." box="[995,1181,1639,1678]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="263 - 342" refId="ref66970" refString="Brice, J. J. 1896. The fish and fisheries of the coastal waters of Florida. Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish Fish. 22: 263 - 342." type="journal article" year="1896">Brice 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). In 1944, 12,572 kg of loggerheads were sold at Grand Bahama (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE781FB9C561B1DE" author="Ingle, R. M. & F. G. W. Smith" box="[436,828,1738,1777]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref79047" refString="Ingle, R. M., and F. G. W. Smith. 1949. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, with annotated bibliography. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL, 106 pp." type="book" year="1949">Ingle and Smith 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Nearly 3,300 kg of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCDFFE6FEC41F8FC72CB00D" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[264,369,1788,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCDFFE6FEC41F8FC72CB00D" box="[264,369,1788,1826]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
were sold within British Honduras (now Belize) in 1945 (Smith and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FD9F1E5EC55AB07B" author="Ingle, R. M. & F. G. W. Smith" box="[595,775,1837,1876]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref79047" refString="Ingle, R. M., and F. G. W. Smith. 1949. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, with annotated bibliography. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL, 106 pp." type="book" year="1949">Ingle 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The loggerhead nesting colony in Colombia has nearly disappeared because of wholesale slaughter of females and removal of all eggs deposited (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE701EB2C484B0C7" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[444,729,1985,2024]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). During market surveys in 1965 and 1966, 54 loggerheads (19 % of all turtles in the market) were reported in Cartagena, Colombia (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FEC21124C7ABBF51" author="Medem, F." box="[270,502,2135,2174]" journalOrPublisher="Lozania" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 14" part="44" refId="ref84936" refString="Medem, F. 1983. Las tortugas marinas sacrificadas en el mercado de Cartagena. Lozania (44): 1 - 14." title="Las tortugas marinas sacrificadas en el mercado de Cartagena" type="journal article" year="1983">Medem 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and more than 1,000 loggerheads presently enter the Colombian markets each year. Between 1951 and 1971, 66,674 kg of loggerheads were landed in Florida (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE05119EC4C4BE3B" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[457,665,2285,2324]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). As recently as 1970 through 1974, between 1,464 kg and 10,303 kg of loggerheads were landed in Brevard County, FL (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FC7C1023C2C4BE56" author="Witzell, W. N." box="[944,1177,2384,2425]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref96664" refString="Witzell, W. N. 1987. Commercial sea turtle landings, Cape Canaveral, Florida. Pages 75 - 78 in W. N. Witzell (ed.), Ecology of east Florida sea turtles. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS No. 53." type="book" year="1987">Witzell 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Prior to protection within the United States, 90 % of the loggerheads caught off Quintana Roo, Mexico, were exported to U. S. markets (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FD6E1096C52EBD21" author="Ramos, P. R." box="[674,883,2533,2574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref89326" refString="Ramos, P. R. 1974. Generalidades sobre la pesqueria de tortugas marinas en Isla Mujeres, Q _. Roo. Inst. Nac. Pesca (Mexico) Ser. Divulg. No. 7, 9 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ramos 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FC411096C222BD21" author="Marquez, R." box="[909,1151,2533,2574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref84255" refString="Marquez, R. 1976 a. Reservas naturales para la conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Mexico. Inst. Nac. Pesca, Mexico. No. 83, 22 pp." type="book" year="1976">Marquez 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
&).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FEE7133AC3E7B24D" blockId="85.[257,1197,2633,3024]" lastBlockId="85.[1253,2202,330,1378]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
While not the main focus of a fishing industry, loggerheads may be taken in some areas whenever the^;:° encountered, and the numbers taken may be substantial. Although the meat is eaten in Venezuela, few loggerheads enter these waters so the market is not very substantial (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FE111236C4FDBC41" author="Roze, J. A." box="[477,672,2885,2926]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref90668" refString="Roze, J. A. 1955. Las tortugas maritimas de Venezuela. Rev. Pecuaria No. 240, 3 pp." type="book" year="1955">Roze 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Small specimens are rarely caught in large drag-nets in the Canary Islands, although they are sold stuffed as curios in Madeira (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FB361839C046B65C" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1274,1563,330,371]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
&).
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6F9991839C120B65C" author="Brongersma, L. D." box="[1621,1917,330,371]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="439 - 442" refId="ref67035" refString="Brongersma, L. D. 1968 a. Miscellaneous notes on turtles. I. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C Biol. Med. Sei. 71: 439 - 442." type="journal article" year="1968">Brongersma (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
A) estimated that 1,000 or more are taken per year.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6F88C180ECE77B68A" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1856,2090,381,421]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
«; also cited by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FAB018C3C012B6F7" author="Frazier, J." box="[1404,1615,432,472]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="329 - 370" refId="ref73965" refString="Frazier, J. 1980. Exploitation of marine turtles in the Indian Ocean. Hum. Ecol. 8: 329 - 370." type="journal article" year="1980">Frazier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) reported an estimated gross mass of 181,300 kg of loggerheads taken in Madagascar per year. Despite certain religious bans on take, nearly every loggerhead encountered by fishermen in Mozambique is killed for food (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6F9FE1B08C16DB58D" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[1586,1840,635,674]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Loggerheads were identified in commercial catches around Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Mannar, India, but no figures were provided on the number caught (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6F92C1A61C18DB416" author="Kuriyan, G. K." box="[1760,2000,786,825]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="509 - 512" refId="ref80924" refString="Kuriyan, G. K. 1950. Turtle fishing in the sea around Krusadai Island. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 509 - 512." type="journal article" year="1950">Kuriyan 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). However,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FB291A36C09DB443" author="Jones, S. & A. B. Fernando" box="[1253,1728,837,876]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref79576" refString="Jones, S., and A. B. Fernando. 1973. Present status of the turtle fishery in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay. Pages 712 - 715 in Proceedings of the symposium on living resources of the seas around India, Spec. Publ. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Cochin." type="proceedings" year="1973">Jones and Fernando (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
reported nearly 20 % (i. e., about 700) of the marine turtles caught in the Gulf of Mannar are loggerheads and are consumed locally.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6FB261AA8C057B32C" author="Di Palma, M. G." box="[1258,1546,987,1027]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" refId="ref71969" refString="Di Palma, M. G. 1978. Notizie sulle tartarughe marine in Sicilia (Reptilia, Testudines). Natur. Siciliano, S. IV, II (l- 2): l- 6." type="journal volume" year="1978">Di Palma (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated that 100 loggerheads were caught each year by each fishing family on Isole Eolie in the Mediterranean, or 500-600 total per year. From 1978- 1981, long-line fisheries off the Italian coasts took from 10-46 subadult (12 kg-37 kg) loggerheads per year in the swordfish fishery, and from 226-964 subadults (9 kg-22 kg) per year in the albacore fishery (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCDFFE6F82F1C7BC3F7B24D" author="De Metrio, G. & G. Petrosino & A. Matarrese & A. Tursi & C. Montanaro" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" pagination="43 - 53" refId="ref70776" refString="De Metrio, G., G. Petrosino, A. Matarrese, A. Tursi, and C. Montanaro. 1983. Importance of the fishery activities with drift lines on the populations of Caretta caretta (L.) and Dermochelys coriacea (L.) (Reptilia, Testudines), in the Gulf of Taranto. Oebalia, n. s., 9: 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="1983">De Metrio et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FADC1CEDC38BB00D" blockId="85.[1253,2195,1438,1826]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">Although the loggerhead is not subject to substantial take in comparison with the green, hawksbill, and ridley turtles for its flesh, shell, and leather, the eggs are consumed worldwide wherever they are encountered. Poaching may occur even when strict regulations are in force to protect eggs and nests, especially due to misconceptions about the alleged aphrodisiac qualities of turtle eggs.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FA8A1EE1C0DFB098" blockId="85.[1350,1666,1938,1975]" box="[1350,1666,1938,1975]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCDFFE6FA8A1EE1C0DFB098" box="[1350,1666,1938,1975]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">5.2 Fishing Areas</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FAC31E87CED7BD20" blockId="85.[1250,2193,2036,2575]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
Loggerheads may be captured whenever they are encountered throughout the year in most parts of their tropical to temperate range, except in areas with strictly enforced prohibitions (e.g., Australia, South Africa, the United States). In most areas,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCDFFE6F8D311CFC1D8BFCC" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1823,1925,2236,2275]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCDFFE6F8D311CFC1D8BFCC" box="[1823,1925,2236,2275]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is not the target species; the more desirable species are the green turtle
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCDFFE6FB2E1053C3BDBE67" box="[1250,1504,2336,2376]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCDFFE6FB3D1053C389BE67" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1265,1492,2336,2376]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">Chelonia mydas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and the hawksbill
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCDFFE6F8D11053CED6BE67" box="[1821,2187,2336,2376]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCDFFE6F8E51053CE21BE67" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[1833,2172,2336,2376]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="85" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">Eretmochelys imbricata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and loggerheads may be taken incidentally to the fishery for these other species. Nets are fished in lagoons and channels, while harpooning usually takes place in deeper waters. Diving is also more common in shallower water.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE6FA8F130CC0FFBD89" blockId="85.[1347,1698,2687,2726]" box="[1347,1698,2687,2726]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCDFFE6FA8F130CC0FFBD89" box="[1347,1698,2687,2726]" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">5.3 Fishing Seasons</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCDFFE5FAC01390C511B6E0" blockId="85.[1248,2189,2787,3027]" lastBlockId="86.[309,1252,321,463]" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="85" pageNumber="79">Loggerheads may be taken opportunistically at any time of the year when restrictions are lacking or when regulations are not enforced. The majority of turtles may be captured in connection with reproductive activities in temperate areas— Mexico, India, and Madagascar. Migrating and foraging turtles are most likely encountered elsewhere in the tropics and subtropics at virtually any time of the year.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FE5B1B6AC24EB56F" blockId="86.[407,1043,537,576]" box="[407,1043,537,576]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCEFFE5FE5B1B6AC24EB56F" box="[407,1043,537,576]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">5.4 Fishing Operations and Results</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FE931B16C5D0B134" blockId="86.[308,1253,613,1563]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
Loggerhead meat is eaten in many areas throughout its range, although a substantial number of people will not eat
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFCEFFE5FE711BB8C47AB5DD" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[445,551,715,754]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCEFFE5FE711BB8C47AB5DD" box="[445,551,715,754]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">Caretta</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
because of its alleged disagreeable taste (section 5.1). They are readily consumed by coastal peoples in India (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FDBF1A43C215B476" author="Jones, S. & A. B. Fernando" box="[627,1096,816,857]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref79576" refString="Jones, S., and A. B. Fernando. 1973. Present status of the turtle fishery in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay. Pages 712 - 715 in Proceedings of the symposium on living resources of the seas around India, Spec. Publ. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Cochin." type="proceedings" year="1973">Jones and Fernando 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), Madagascar (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FE731A10C4E9B4A4" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[447,692,867,907]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">
|
||
|
|
Hughes 1971
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FD6B1A10C576B4A4" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[679,811,867,907]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">a, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), Mexico (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FC311A10C28BB4A4" author="Ramos, P. R." box="[1021,1238,867,907]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref89326" refString="Ramos, P. R. 1974. Generalidades sobre la pesqueria de tortugas marinas en Isla Mujeres, Q _. Roo. Inst. Nac. Pesca (Mexico) Ser. Divulg. No. 7, 9 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ramos 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FEFA1AE5C4DCB492" author="Flores-Villela, O. A." box="[310,641,918,957]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref72975" refString="Flores-Villela, O. A. 1980. Reptiles de importancia economica en Mexico. Tesis profesional, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal." type="book" year="1980">Flores-Villela 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FD681AE5C58BB492" author="Hildebrand, H. H." box="[676,982,918,957]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref77007" refString="Hildebrand, H. H. 1982. A historical review of the status of sea turtle populations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Pages 447 - 453 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hildebrand 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and Mozambique (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FE7D1ABAC4FAB4DD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[433,679,969,1010]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="45 - 62" refId="ref78216" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1971 a. Preliminary report on the sea turtles and dugongs of Mozambique. Vet. Mocambicana 4 (2): 45 - 62." type="journal article" year="1971">Hughes 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FD0A1ABAC546B4DD" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[710,795,969,1010]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), and are probably eaten by coastal peoples throughout the tropics when caught incidentally to other fisheries activities. Meylan (personal communication) reported loggerhead turtle heads stuffed and mounted for sale in Guadeloupe, and polished carapaces for sale at a number of locations in the eastern Caribbean. Despite the potential for greater trade, its economic importance is far less than other sea turtles because of its limited distribution in tropical and subtropical regions with depressed economies, and because its shell and leather are either unworkable or unsuitable for many craft articles.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FE921F4CC7D8BD50" blockId="86.[303,1253,1599,2687]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
Except in areas where restrictive regulations are strictly enforced, loggerhead eggs are eaten without ill effects whenever found. Because substantial nesting colonies are located in regions with enforced restrictions on egg harvest (e.g., Australia, United States, South Africa, Japan), loggerhead eggs do not supply any substantial percentage of protein intake in areas adjacent to these colonies. In some areas, take of loggerhead eggs has been substantial, and has led to the decimation of the population (e.g., Colombia;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FCFF1173C20ABF09" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[819,1111,2048,2086]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). While the eggs supplied a portion of the protein intake for coastal residents for a while, the unregulated take of eggs caused the rapid depletion of the population, forcing residents to seek other protein sources. Eggs are also consumed without regard for the effects on the population in Mozambique, despite protective regulations (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FE8E102EC471BEAB" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[322,556,2397,2436]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*), and in Madagascar (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FC1D102EC2E0BEAB" author="Hughes, G. R." box="[977,1213,2397,2436]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref78696" refString="Hughes, G. R. 1982 a. Nesting cycles in sea turtles - typical or atypical?. Pages 81 - 89 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Hughes 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
*). Only in Oman has the take of loggerhead eggs been deemed significant in the diets of coastal inhabitants.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FEFF1080C458BD34" author="Ross, J. P." box="[307,517,2547,2587]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref90451" refString="Ross, J. P. 1979. Sea turtles in the Sultanate of Oman. World Wildl. Fund Project No. 1320." type="book" year="1979">Ross (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
estimated 6 % of the eggs deposited at Masirah Island (i.e., about 400,000) were consumed per year.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FEFE13BAC21EBDC0" blockId="86.[306,1091,2761,2849]" box="[306,1091,2761,2799]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCEFFE5FEFE13BAC21EBDC0" box="[306,1091,2761,2799]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">6. PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FE5F1388C50ABC0E" blockId="86.[306,1091,2761,2849]" box="[403,855,2811,2849]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="9722BC61FFCEFFE5FE5F1388C50ABC0E" box="[403,855,2811,2849]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">6.1 Regulatory Measures</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FE971235C3D2B1EE" blockId="86.[305,1249,2886,3025]" lastBlockId="86.[1303,2251,322,1729]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
|
|
The literature contains many articles calling for the protection of sea turtles, including loggerheads, and their habitat (e.g., Hughes 197k;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FCB712D9C218BCFE" author="Lipske, M." box="[891,1093,2986,3025]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="227 - 229" refId="ref82934" refString="Lipske, M. 1977. Sea turtles suffer as bureaucrats bicker. Defenders 52: 227 - 229." type="journal article" year="1977">Lipske 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FBAC12D9C3BBB646" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Tech. Pesquera, May" box="[1120,1510,322,3025]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="2 - 6" refId="ref64566" refString="Anonymous. 1978 a. A proposito de conservacionismo. Tech. Pesquera, May, pp. 2 - 6." title="A proposito de conservacionismo" type="book" year="1978">Anonymous 1978a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F9C81831C17EB646" author="Fletemeyer, J. & Fletemeyer, J." box="[1540,1827,322,361]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="2 - 3" refId="ref72897" refString="Fletemeyer, J. 1979. Ascension Island development: lessons from Florida. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 11: 2 - 3. Fletemeyer, J. 1980. A preliminary analysis of sea turtle eggs for DDE. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 15: 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1979">Fletemeyer 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F88E1831CE77B646" author="Morales, J. J." box="[1858,2090,322,361]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref85854" refString="Morales, J. J. 1981. Defendiendo a las tortugas. Tec. Pesq. No. 167: 17 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1981">Morales 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F7801831C048B6B4" author="Frazier, J. & S. Salas" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref74235" refString="Frazier, J., and S. Salas. 1983. The marine turtle situation in the east Pacific. CDC Newsl. 2 (1): 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1983">Frazier and Salas 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F9FE1807C1F3B6B4" author="Huang Chu-Chien, and Mao Yannian" box="[1586,1966,372,411]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="37 - 40" refId="ref78056" refString="Huang Chu-Chien, and Mao Yannian. 1984. The species, habits and resource conservation of sea turtles. Shengtaixue Zaizhi (Journal of Ecology) 6: 37 - 40 (In Chinese)." type="journal article" year="1984">Huang and Mao 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F8041807C33BB6E1" author="Alvarado, J. & A. Figueroa & H. Gallardo" bookContentInfo="Univ. Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Cuad. Invest. No. 4." pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref64394" refString="Alvarado, J., A. Figueroa, and H. Gallardo. 1985. Ecologia y conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Michoacan, Mexico. Univ. Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Cuad. Invest. No. 4." title="Ecologia y conservacion de las tortugas marinas de Michoacan, Mexico" type="book" year="1985">Alvarado et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FA4E18D5C0D9B6E1" author="Veniselos, L. E." box="[1410,1668,422,462]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="10 - 11" refId="ref95648" refString="Veniselos, L. E. 1986. Guest editorial: Greek loggerheads face dangers. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 39: 10 - 11." type="journal article" year="1986">Veniselos 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F95218D5C188B6E1" author="Anonymous" box="[1694,2005,422,462]" journalOrPublisher="Mar. Turtle Newsl." pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 3" part="40" refId="ref64742" refString="Anonymous. 1987. Greek loggerheads still need your help, too. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 40: 1 - 3." title="Greek loggerheads still need your help, too." type="journal article" year="1987">Anonymous 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
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), either out of concern for the loggerhead per se or concern for sea turtles in general. As the status and importance of the species has been recognized, regulatory measures have been imposed on the capture and marketing of loggerhead eggs, meat, and parts, such as carapaces. Because these laws are numerous and often complex, they are not individually discussed here. Legislation and regulations designed to protect habitat alteration and destruction have been slow to be enacted, and even when such are created, enforcement is often lacking. Major legislative actions involving loggerheads are described for the following locations: Australia (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F8941D7BCE11B31F" author="Bustard, H. R." box="[1880,2124,1032,1072]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="23 - 26" refId="ref67776" refString="Bustard, H. R. 1969 a. Queensland protects sea turtles. Oryx 10: 23 - 26." type="journal article" year="1969">Bustard 1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
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), Cuba (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FAEA1D48C0B3B34B" author="Gavilan, F. M. & G. N. Andreu" box="[1318,1774,1083,1124]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref75314" refString="Gavilan, F. M., and G. N. Andreu. 1983. Informe nacional sobre la actividad desarrollada por Cuba en el estudio y conservation de las tortugas marinas. Centro Invest. Pesq., Dept. Cria Exper., M. I. P." type="book" year="1983">Gavilan and Andreu 1983</bibRefCitation>
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), French Antilles (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F7FF1D48C3F4B3B8" author="Kermarrec, A." pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="99 - 108" refId="ref80416" refString="Kermarrec, A. 1976. Le Statut des tortues dans les Antilles Francaises. Nouv. Agron. Antilles-Guyane 2: 99 - 108." type="journal article" year="1976">Kermarrec 1976</bibRefCitation>
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), and Mexico (
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F96B1D1DC1BAB3B8" author="Flores-Villela, O. A." box="[1703,2023,1134,1175]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref72975" refString="Flores-Villela, O. A. 1980. Reptiles de importancia economica en Mexico. Tesis profesional, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal." type="book" year="1980">Flores-Villela 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). The United States Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, makes it unlawful to take, import or export loggerhead turtles or products thereof (
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F92F1C75CE4CB202" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Tech. Pesquera, May" box="[1763,2065,1286,1325]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="2 - 6" refId="ref64566" refString="Anonymous. 1978 a. A proposito de conservacionismo. Tech. Pesquera, May, pp. 2 - 6." title="A proposito de conservacionismo" type="book" year="1978">Anonymous 1978</bibRefCitation>
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*;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F7FA1C75C175B270" author="National Marine Fisheries Service" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref86462" refString="National Marine Fisheries Service. 1978. Final Environmental Impact Statement. Listing and protecting green sea turtle {Chelonia mydas), loggerhead sea turtle {Caretta caretta) and Pacific ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivaced) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. National Marine Fisheries Service, Washington, DC." type="journal volume" year="1978">National Marine Fisheries Service 1978</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F8881C4BCE40B270" author="Mager" box="[1860,2077,1336,1375]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref83774" refString="Mager. A .. Jr. 1985. Five-year status reviews of sea turtles listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. National Marine Fisheries Service, Washington. DC." type="journal volume" year="1985">Mager 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). Regulatory measures for many nations in the western central Atlantic Ocean are summarized by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F8BC1CEFCE1AB2EC" author="Rebel, T. P." box="[1904,2119,1436,1475]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref89439" refString="Rebel, T. P. 1974. Sea turtles and the turtle industry of the West Indies, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico, Rev. ed. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL." type="book" year="1974">Rebel (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F7AC1CEFC328B2D9" author="Bacon, P. R." pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref65053" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1975. Review on research, exploitation and management of the stocks of sea turtles. FAO Fish. Circ. No. 334, 19 pp." type="book" year="1975">Bacon (1975</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FA561CBDC3B0B2D9" author="Bacon, P. R." box="[1434,1517,1486,1526]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref65087" refString="Bacon, P. R. 1981. The status of sea turtle stocks management in the western central Atlantic. WECAF Studies No. 7, 37 pp." type="book" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
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),
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F9DF1CBDC117B2D9" author="Carr, A. F., Jr. & A. Meylan & J. Mortimer & K. Bjorndal & T. Carr" box="[1555,1866,1486,1526]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref69289" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr., A. Meylan, J. Mortimer, K. Bjorndal, and T. Carr. 1982. Surveys ofsea turtle populations and habitats in the western Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 91, 91 pp." type="journal volume" year="1982">Carr et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F8A61CBDCE37B2D9" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[1898,2154,1486,1526]" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Res. Bull." pageId="86" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 43" part="278" refId="ref85129" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1983. Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Atoll Res. Bull. No. 278: 1 - 43." title="Marine turtles of the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles" type="book chapter" year="1983">Meylan (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FAD51F73C00CB107" author="Bacon, P. R. & F. Berry & K. Bjorndal & H. Hirth & L. Ogren & M. Weber" box="[1305,1617,1536,1576]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref65156" refString="Bacon, P. R., F. Berry, K. Bjorndal, H. Hirth, L. Ogren, and M. Weber (eds.). 1984. Proceedings of the Western Atlantic Turtle Symposium. University of Miami Press, Miami, FL. Vol. 1, 306 pp., Vol. 2, 318 pp., Vol. 3, 514 pp." type="book" year="1984">Bacon et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
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. Additional regulations for sea turtles in various countries around the world are described by
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5FAD51F17C01DB1A3" author="Honegger, R. E." box="[1305,1600,1636,1676]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref77590" refString="Honegger, R. E. 1978. Threatened amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Counc. Europe, Nature Environ. Ser. No. 15." type="book" year="1978">Honegger (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F9931F17C198B1A3" author="Groombridge, B." box="[1631,1989,1636,1676]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref76221" refString="Groombridge, B., (compiler). 1982. The IUCN Amphibia-Reptilia red data book. Part 1. Testudines, Crocodylia, Rhynchocephalia. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1982">Groombridge (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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, and Bjorndal (1982).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FA8D1F93CE52BE70" blockId="86.[1303,2249,1760,2399]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
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The loggerhead is listed on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species ofWild Fauna and Flora (CITES). As oflate 1987, this convention had been signed by 90 nations. As an Appendix I species, commercial trade is banned among signatory nations. It is listed as an Annex II species under provisions of the Convention on Migratory Species. An Annex II species is one for which international protection is necessary for its conservation. Although without statutory authority, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) classifies the loggerhead as a "vulnerable" species (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCEFFE5F9661044C1A3BE70" author="Groombridge, B." box="[1706,2046,2359,2399]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80" refId="ref76221" refString="Groombridge, B., (compiler). 1982. The IUCN Amphibia-Reptilia red data book. Part 1. Testudines, Crocodylia, Rhynchocephalia. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1982">Groombridge 1982</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FA8D10F1CE9FBDF8" blockId="86.[1301,2247,2434,2775]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">Enforcement of various national and international regulatory measures is difficult, and loggerheads of all size classes are harvested in many areas. In some cases, policing agencies are logistically unable or unwilling to enforce regulations. In other areas, budget cuts have seriously hampered the ability of enforcement agencies to regulate trade and protect turtles and their habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE5FAB4125EC139BC7B" blockId="86.[1400,1892,2861,2900]" box="[1400,1892,2861,2900]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
|
||
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<heading id="9722BC61FFCEFFE5FAB4125EC139BC7B" box="[1400,1892,2861,2900]" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">6.2 Management Strategies</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCEFFE4FAF3120BC443B2B4" blockId="86.[1301,2244,2936,3025]" lastBlockId="87.[269,1213,341,1435]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="86" pageNumber="80">
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In order to manage and conserve loggerhead sea turtle populations, it will be necessary to focus on all important habitats, including nesting, developmental, migratory, and foraging areas. Conservation must also be based on the best available biological data, since the ultimate success or failure of conservation and management activities will be assessed within the biological constraints imposed by loggerhead life history characteristics. To these ends, fostering scientific inquiry and study of all facets of loggerhead biology should be encouraged and supported with a minimum of red tape. The development of a detailed recovery plan may help to focus the direction of the activities deemed necessary to conserve and manage sea turtle resources within an area (e.g., Hopkins and Richardson 1984). A manual is now available to assist biologists and resource managers with a guide to sea turtle measurement, census, and conservation techniques (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FC851D3AC2FAB35E" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[841,1191,1097,1137]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
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). General considerations for the conservation of sea turtles are in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FE4D1DC3C4D2B3F8" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[385,655,1200,1239]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="609 - 617" refId="ref88645" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1980. The conservation of sea turtles: practices and problems. Am. Zool. 20: 609 - 617." type="journal article" year="1980">Pritchard (1980</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FD7D1DC3C558B3F8" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[689,773,1200,1239]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref88675" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1982 a. Marine turtles of the South Pacific. Pages 253 - 262 in K. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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*),
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FCF71DC3C203B3F8" author="Ehrenfeld, D." box="[827,1118,1200,1239]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref71265" refString="Ehrenfeld, D. 1982. Options and limitations in the conservation of sea turtles. Pages 457 - 463 in K. A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1982">Ehrenfeld (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FEC21D92C780B226" author="King, F. W." box="[270,477,1249,1289]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="35 - 39" refId="ref80481" refString="King, F. W. 1983. A strategy for the conservation of marine turtles. Haiyangyicong (Oceanic Translations) 4: 35 - 39 (In Chinese)." type="journal article" year="1983">King (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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.
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FE361D92C567B226" author="Richardson, J. I." box="[506,826,1249,1289]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref89968" refString="Richardson, J. I. 1981. The Georgia management plan for the incidental capture of marine turtles. Pages 42 - 44 in R. R. Odom and J. W. Guthrie (eds.), Proceedings of the Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Symposium. Ga. Dep. Nat. Resour. Tech. Bull. WL 5." type="proceedings paper" year="1981">Richardson (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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reviewed the Georgia management plan for dealing with sea turtle mortality in the early 1980 's, and made recommendations for future research.
|
||
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
|
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCFFFE4FEFA1CAAC5C7BF7D" blockId="87.[267,1213,1497,2130]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FEFA1CAAC405B12F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H." box="[310,600,1497,1536]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="609 - 617" refId="ref88645" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H. 1980. The conservation of sea turtles: practices and problems. Am. Zool. 20: 609 - 617." type="journal article" year="1980">Pritchard (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
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divided management alternatives into five categories: statutory regulation of commerce, especially international commerce; protection of nesting females on the beach; the movement of eggs to protected incubators or hatcheries; head-starting; and stocking eggs or hatchlings to areas now depleted, but which at one time had a viable resident population. To these measures might be added measures to protect hatchlings, turtles, and their habitat when they are away from nesting beaches, and the introduction of modified fishing gear to reduce mortality from incidental catch. Each of these options has been tried with varying degrees of success in the protection of loggerheads.
|
||
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</paragraph>
|
||
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|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCFFFE4FEFF11FCCEC6B5F3" blockId="87.[266,1208,2191,3028]" lastBlockId="87.[1265,2212,339,732]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">
|
||
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|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCFFFE4FEFF11FCC550BF99" box="[307,781,2191,2230]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">Statutory regulation ojcommerce.</emphasis>
|
||
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|
Inasmuch as there is no great demand for loggerhead shell or leather, such international trade as occurs is probably insignificant. While loggerhead meat has occasionally entered international trade (e.g.,
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FE1A102BC4ECBE50" author="Ramos, P. R." box="[470,689,2392,2431]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref89326" refString="Ramos, P. R. 1974. Generalidades sobre la pesqueria de tortugas marinas en Isla Mujeres, Q _. Roo. Inst. Nac. Pesca (Mexico) Ser. Divulg. No. 7, 9 pp." type="book" year="1974">Ramos 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
), most meat and eggs now are consumed locally. As long as they are enforced, provisions of CITES may be effective in preventing overt detrimental international trade in loggerhead turtle parts and products. Trade within nations is controlled with varying degrees of success by national law. For instance, national law has been effective in controlling the take of eggs within the United States and Australia, although poaching still occurs. However, unrestricted take of eggs has proved disastrous in Colombia (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FC421265C2F5BC10" author="Kaufmann, R." box="[910,1192,2838,2879]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="44 - 49" refId="ref80030" refString="Kaufmann, R. 1966. Das Vorkommen von Meeresschildkroten in Kolumbien und ihre Nutzung als Nahrungsquelle. Natur, und Mus., Frankfurt 96 (2): 44 - 49." type="journal article" year="1966">Kaufmann 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
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) and is likely seriously impacting the populations in other areas (e.g., Mozambique and Madagascar). Complete enforced protection may be necessary to allow these populations to recover. In other areas (e.g., Oman), it may be desirable to regulate but not completely ban egg removal by instituting quotas on the percentage of deposited eggs allowed to be taken for consumption. Such quotas should only be assessed after a rigorous analysis of the nesting population, and only in areas where eggs constitute a major source of protein that might otherwise not be available to coastal inhabitants.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCFFFE4FAD61A6AC1CBB1D5" blockId="87.[1262,2207,793,1786]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">
|
||
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<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFCFFFE4FAD61A6AC10AB46E" box="[1306,1879,793,833]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">Protection oj the female on the beach.</emphasis>
|
||
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|
Because they are most vulnerable during nesting, and because of their reproductive importance, female turtles on the beach should receive protection from disturbance. This can be accomplished by minimizing human access to important nesting beaches during the nesting season and reducing artificial lighting so that turtles can nest with a minimum of disorientation (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4F93D1D08CE52B38C" author="Raymond, P. W." box="[1777,2063,1147,1187]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref89369" refString="Raymond, P. W. 1984 a. Sea turtle hatchling disorientation and artificial beachfront lighting. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC, 72 pp." type="book" year="1984">Raymond 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Development near nesting beaches need not automatically inhibit nesting if careful planning is conducted prior to construction to minimize impacts (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4F8971C61CE66B216" author="Wilcox, J. R." box="[1883,2107,1298,1337]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="451 - 454" refId="ref96336" refString="Wilcox, J. R. 1979. Florida Power & Light Company and endangered species: examples of coexistence. U. S. For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. RM 65: 451 - 454." type="journal article" year="1979">Wilcox 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). For instance, the construction and operation of the St. Lucie Power Plant in Florida has not had long-term negative impacts on the nesting loggerheads on nearby beaches. This is because bright lights, noise from equipment, beach access, and thermal discharges were strictly controlled by using dunes and dune vegetation to serve as a light screen and as a buffer to noise, limiting beach access, and using diffusers to reduce the temperature of cooling waters (
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4F9FF1FA0C1DBB1D5" author="Proffitt, C. E. & R. E. Martin & R. G. Ernest & S. E. LeCroy & K. A. Muldoon & B. D. Perry & J. R. Wilcox & N. Williams-Walls" box="[1587,1926,1747,1786]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="813 - 816" refId="ref88909" refString="Proffitt, C. E., R. E. Martin, R. G. Ernest, BJ. Graunke, S. E. LeCroy, K. A. Muldoon, B. D. Perry, J. R. Wilcox, and N. Williams-Walls. 1986. Effects of power plant construction and operation on the nesting of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta): 1971 - 84. Copeia 1986: 813 - 816." type="journal article" year="1986">Proffitt et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCFFFE4FAD41E45C336BF9B" blockId="87.[1260,2205,1846,2228]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">
|
||
|
|
Nests and nesting females may need to be protected from off-road vehicles by prohibiting access to nesting beaches since they are known to either compact the sand thereby inhibiting emergence (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4F8D71EB8C1B2B0DD" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1819,2031,1995,2034]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
), or they make ruts which hatchlings have great difficulty negotiating (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FAB6115DC0EDBF7A" author="Hosier, P. E. & M. Kochhar & V. Thayer" box="[1402,1712,2094,2133]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" pagination="158 - 161" refId="ref77882" refString="Hosier, P. E., M. Kochhar, and V. Thayer. 1981. Off-road vehicle and pedestrian track effects on the sea-approach of hatchling loggerhead turtles. Environ. Conserv. 8: 158 - 161." type="journal article" year="1981">Hosier et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4F91F115DC1C2BF7A" author="Ferris, J. S." box="[1747,1951,2094,2133]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref72687" refString="Ferris, J. S. 1986. Nest success and the survival and movement ofhatchlings of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) on Cape Lookout National Seashore. CPSU Tech. Rep. 19, 40 pp." type="journal volume" year="1986">Ferris 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Night use of such vehicles might also disturb females as they attempt to nest.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFCFFFE4FADA1185C045BCF8" blockId="87.[1258,2200,2294,3031]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81">
|
||
|
|
In the southeastern United States, many beaches have been " restored" because of excessive erosion. In beach restoration, offshore sand is pumped onto the existing beach to build it up and prevent property loss. Restored beaches have a significantly lower nesting success percentage than beaches not restored, because of substrate compaction (Raymond 19846). However, restored beaches appear to become less compact through time, and nesting success percentages again approach normal. Beach restoration should obviously not be conducted during the nesting season. The use ofheavy mechanized beach cleaning equipment on heavily-used nesting beaches should be avoided since the use of this equipment can lead to excessive mortality (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFCFFFE4FAFA12DCC05BBCF8" author="Mann. T. M." bookContentInfo="Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." box="[1334,1542,2991,3031]" pageId="87" pageNumber="81" refId="ref83867" refString="Mann. T. M. 1977. Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida. Unpubl. M. S. Thesis. Florida Atlantic University. Boca Raton." title="Impact of developed coastline on nesting and hatchling sea turtles in southeastern Florida." type="book" year="1977">Mann 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC0FFEBFE90183FC49BB1E8" blockId="88.[306,1250,332,1735]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFE90183FC4D4B65C" box="[348,649,332,371]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">Protected hatcheries.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
On beaches that are difficult to protect from poachers, predators, and erosion, freshly deposited nests have been moved to protected hatcheries where they are either reburied within a compound or kept in moist beach sand, usually within styrofoam boxes, in a building near the beach. If moved shortly after deposition, these methods may prove effective although waiting too long may disrupt extra-embryonic membrane formation causing the egg to die (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFBEA1BACC455B416" author="Blanck, C. E. & R. H. Sawyer" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" pagination="163 - 177" refId="ref66510" refString="Blanck, C. E., and R. H. Sawyer. 1981. Hatchery practices in relation to early embryology of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta (Linne). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 163 - 177." type="journal article" year="1981">Blanck and Sawyer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFDE41A61C4ABB416" author="Miller, J. D." bookContentInfo="Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia" box="[552,758,786,825]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref85241" refString="Miller, J. D. 1982. Development of marine turtles. Unpubl. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia." title="Development of marine turtles. Unpubl" type="book" year="1982">Miller 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The use of hatcheries is attractive in that the hatchery can be relatively easily guarded and hatching success monitored. However, hatcheries require constant manpower to protect against poachers and predators. In addition, destruction of the hatchery (by a storm, vandalism, etc.) could destroy an entire season's hatchling production in a very short time. The use of styrofoam boxes to incubate eggs has its own pitfalls. The eggs must be guarded against desiccation, and the temperature needs to be monitored.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFB821DACC496B216" author="Mrosovsky, N. & C. L. Yntema" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref86093" refString="Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biol. Conserv. 18: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1980">Mrosovsky and Yntema (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
have pointed out that the use of styrofoam boxes to incubate eggs may have led to the masculinization of hatchlings, since the incubation temperatures were often lower than that on a natural beach; such hatchlings were probably 100 % male.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFB581CABC434B11F" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
provided a design plan for construction of a hatchery. Illustrations of hatcheries are in Bustard (19683),
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFDA81F1EC2DFB1BA" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[612,1154,1645,1685]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rüa (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFEFE1FECC4E1B1E8" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[306,700,1695,1735]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC0FFEBFE961E70C4D4BECB" blockId="88.[304,1248,1795,2532]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
An alternative to moving eggs to a protected hatchery is simply to move a clutch of eggs some distance from where they were deposited and rebury them on the natural beach. Apparently, this removes some olfactory cues by which predators, particularly raccoons, find a freshly deposited clutch. When the clutch is reburied, it can be screened to further inhibit digging predators while still allowing hatchlings to escape. However, early trials of this technique were not very successful (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFBAE11E0C780BFC3" author="Rhame, M. L., III & D. Brane & D. Beatty & W. Oldland" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref89666" refString="Rhame, M. L., III, D. Brane, D. Beatty, and W. Oldland. 1982. Analysis of nest protection experiments conducted on the Atlantic loggerhead {Caretta c. caretta). Bull. S. C. Acad. Sei. 44: 80 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1982">Rhame et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; S. Murphy, personal communication). The use of aversive chemicals, such as human and bobcat urine, and lithium chloride, applied over nests has not proved successful in deterring predators (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFC321029C723BE9D" author="Rhame, M. L., III & D. Brane & D. Beatty & W. Oldland" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref89666" refString="Rhame, M. L., III, D. Brane, D. Beatty, and W. Oldland. 1982. Analysis of nest protection experiments conducted on the Atlantic loggerhead {Caretta c. caretta). Bull. S. C. Acad. Sei. 44: 80 (Abstract)." type="journal volume" year="1982">Rhame et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; S. Murphy, personal communication;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFB8010F8C427BECB" author="Hopkins, S. & T. M. Murphy" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" pagination="484 - 491" refId="ref77746" refString="Hopkins, S., and T. M. Murphy. 1978. Testing of lithium chloride aversion to mitigate raccoon depredation ofloggerhead turtle nests. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 36: 484 - 491." type="journal article" year="1978">Hopkins and Murphy 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC0FFEBFE941353CE06B217" blockId="88.[302,1246,2592,3032]" lastBlockId="88.[1301,2245,331,1336]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFE941353C471BD68" box="[344,556,2592,2631]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">Head-starting.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Head-starting is the practice of rearing hatchlings to a size large enough to reduce predation when they are released. It is an experimental technique that has yet to be proven to work, and most sea turtle biologists stress that habitat protection should take priority over head-start programs (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFCBC126AC295BC6E" author="Pritchard, P. C. H. & P. Bacon & F. Berry & A. Carr & J. Fletemeyer & R. Gallagher & S. Hopkins & R. Lankford & R. Marquez & M. L. Ogren & W. Pringle, Jr. & H. Reichart & R. Witham" box="[880,1224,2841,2881]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref88773" refString="Pritchard, P. C. H., P. Bacon, F. Berry, A. Carr, J. Fletemeyer, R. Gallagher, S. Hopkins, R. Lankford, R. Marquez, M. L. Ogren, W. Pringle, Jr., H. Reichart, and R. Witham. 1983. Manual of sea turtle research and conservation techniques, Second edition. K. A. Bjorndal and G. H. Balazs (eds.). Center for Environ. Education, Washington, DC, 126 pp." type="book" year="1983">Pritchard et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Head-starting has been, or is being, used to augment populations of green turtles
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFCC1120EC241BC89" box="[781,1052,2941,2982]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC0FFEBFCD1120EC251BC89" baseAuthorityName="Mendonca" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[797,1036,2941,2982]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Chelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mydas">Chelonia mydas</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
hawksbills
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFEE212DCC4FABCF7" box="[302,679,2991,3032]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC0FFEBFEF712DCC4C8BCF7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[315,661,2991,3032]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">Eretmochelys imbricata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
and Kemp's ridleys
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFBD812DCC3D7B65C" box="[1044,1418,331,3032]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC0FFEBFBEC12DCC326B65C" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1880" box="[1056,1403,331,3032]" class="Testudines" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Lepidochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kempii">Lepidochelys kempii</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
in various parts of the world. For
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBF8251838CE00B65C" box="[2025,2141,331,371]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC0FFEBF8251838CE0EB65C" baseAuthorityName="Nishimura" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[2025,2131,331,371]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Caretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caretta</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
there have been few attempts to head-start young animals. In the United States, loggerheads were reared at the National Marine Fisheries Service sea turtle facility at Galveston, TX, during the early stages of the Kemp's ridley project in order to better understand problems that might be faced while rearing the highly endangered Kemp's ridley. This phase of the program only lasted about 1 yr (L. Ogren, personal communication). Young loggerheads also have been raised and released after a study of graft-marking procedures conducted at the Miami Seaquarium (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBF9571A04C330B4FD" author="Hendrickson, L. P. & J. R. Hendrickson" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref76715" refString="Hendrickson, L. P., and J. R. Hendrickson. 1986. Experimental evaluation of graft-marking procedures for sea turtles. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Endang. Species Rep. No. 14, 27 pp." type="book" year="1986">Hendrickson and Hendrickson 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These animals should be identifiable upon recapture, but, as yet, no results have been obtained.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBFAD91D62C172B315" author="Cardona, R. & R. de la Rua" box="[1301,1839,1041,1082]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref68824" refString="Cardona, R., and R. de la Rua. 1971. Protejamos nuestras tortugas. Inst. Nac. Pesca Cuba Cent. Invest. Pesq. Contrib. No. 33, 29 pp." type="book" year="1971">Cardona and de la Rüa (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recommended holding hatchlings 2 mo prior to release in appropriate offshore habitats. Loggerheads also have been raised for head-starting and aquarium exhibition in Japan (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBF8271DD8C322B229" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref64656" refString="Anonymous. 1984 a. Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums. Exhibition of the Memorial Oceanic Parks Foundation, 76 pp. (In Japanese)." title="Sea turtle research and exhibits in aquariums" type="book" year="1984">Anonymous, 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Both fungal and bacterial diseases are common in hatchlings raised in captivity (section 3.2.2).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC0FFEBFAF11C07C13EB0DD" blockId="88.[1299,2242,1396,2034]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFAF11C07C139B2B4" box="[1341,1892,1396,1435]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">Experimental stocking ofpopulations.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
As far as is known, there has been only one attempt to restock a "depleted" loggerhead population. This involved moving eggs from Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, SC, to National Wildlife Refuges in Virginia in the mid 1970's. However, there is no evidence Virginia ever had a substantial nesting loggerhead population, and hatchlings would have had a hard time surviving since they would be hatching late in the season and the warm water of the Gulf Stream is a considerable distance offshore at this latitude. Also, because of low sand incubation temperatures, it is likely that hatchlings would have been predominantly, or entirely, male.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC0FFEAFAF7115CC4DAB58A" blockId="88.[1294,2240,2095,3031]" lastBlockId="89.[256,1198,334,677]" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC0FFEBFAF7115CC0E4BF79" box="[1339,1721,2095,2134]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="82">Protection of hatchlings.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Hatchling sea turtles need special protection to reduce predation, prevent disorientation from beach lighting, and minimize pollutants and plastics in the water and drift lines that sea turtles mistake for food items. The easiest way to reduce predation may simply be to eliminate the predators. For instance, predation has been substantially decreased on certain beaches in the southeastern United States by live-trapping or shooting raccoons.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC0FFEBF84B10CECEE3BECA" author="Raymond, P. W." box="[1927,2238,2493,2533]" pageId="88" pageNumber="82" refId="ref89369" refString="Raymond, P. W. 1984 a. Sea turtle hatchling disorientation and artificial beachfront lighting. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC, 72 pp." type="book" year="1984">Raymond (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
has reviewed the effects of disorientation of hatchling sea turtles and recommended four things that must be done to minimize mortality: identify existing problem lights and eliminate or modify them, set guidelines and standards for acceptable beachfront illumination, establish coastal lighting ordinances that restrict shoreline lighting, and educate the public in coastal areas concerning the problem of hatchling disorientation. Research in the study of hatchling orientation to different light wavelengths and in the development of shields and screens to shade existing lights is recommended (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFB90183DC7B8B686" author="Raymond, P. W." pageId="89" pageNumber="83" refId="ref89369" refString="Raymond, P. W. 1984 a. Sea turtle hatchling disorientation and artificial beachfront lighting. Center for Environmental Education, Washington, DC, 72 pp." type="book" year="1984">Raymond 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Finally, the pollution of the oceans, manifested by tar, oil slicks, and detritis, especially plastic and styrofoam objects that litter beaches and accumulate at drift and convergence lines, must be addressed to prevent ingestion by turtles and subsequent mortality (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFE711B0DC42AB58A" author="Carr, A. F., Jr." box="[445,631,638,677]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="352 - 356" refId="ref69138" refString="Carr, A. F., Jr. 1987. The impact of nondegradable marine debris on the ecology and survival outlook of sea turtles. Mar. Pollut. Bull. " l 8 (6 B): 352 - 356." type="journal article" year="1987">Carr 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC1FFEAFEEB1B91C5FFBF33" blockId="89.[247,1195,738,2076]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FEA1D71FFFC1FFEAFEEB1B91C4BEB426" box="[295,739,738,777]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="83">Modifications offishing gear.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Growing recognition and documentation of the substantial mortality of sea turtles, particularly loggerheads, drowned incidentally in shrimp trawls (section 4.4.2) has led to the development of Turtle Excluder Devices (or Trawler Efficiency Devices, nicknamed TEDs) by the United States National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFBF51D63C710B345" author="Lipske, M." pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="380 - 385" refId="ref82954" refString="Lipske, M. 1979. The loggerhead coast. Defenders 54 (6): 380 - 385." type="journal article" year="1979">Lipske 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFEA01D31C7E5B345" author="Lipske, M." box="[364,440,1090,1130]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="384 - 385" refId="ref82974" refString="Lipske, M. 1980. Wash-ups spur action on turtles. Defenders 55 (6): 384 - 385." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFE1F1D31C4FFB345" author="Weber, M." box="[467,674,1090,1130]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref95936" refString="Weber, M. 1987. TEDS: Salvation for sea turtles? Defenders 62 (1): 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Weber 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFD731D31C58BB345" author="Thompson, G." box="[703,982,1090,1130]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). The TED is a lightweight, collapsable device that fits in the front of a trawl (illustrated in
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFD291DD4C271B3E2" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 71, 13 pp." box="[741,1068,1191,1229]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" refId="ref64622" refString="Anonymous. 1982. Construction, installation, and handling procedure for the National Marine Fisheries Service's sea turtle excluder device. NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS- SEFC- 71, 13 pp." title="Construction, installation, and handling procedure for the National Marine Fisheries Service's sea turtle excluder device" type="book" year="1982">Anonymous 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFB821DD4C2C5B3E2" author="Anonymous" bookContentInfo="Cent. Environ. Educ, Washington, DC, 25 pp" box="[1102,1176,1191,1229]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" refId="ref64719" refString="Anonymous. 1986. Sea turtles & shrimp trawlers. Cent. Environ. Educ, Washington, DC, 25 pp." title="Sea turtles & shrimp trawlers" type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFF311DAAC453B3D0" author="Thompson, G." box="[253,526,1241,1279]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson 1987</bibRefCitation>
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; photograph in
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFCE81DAAC5B2B3D0" author="Weber, M." box="[804,1007,1241,1279]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref95936" refString="Weber, M. 1987. TEDS: Salvation for sea turtles? Defenders 62 (1): 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Weber 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). It has an excluder panel which deflects sea turtles, jellyballs, and species oflarge finfish, out of the net yet does not result in decreased shrimp catch. Trials run by NMFS indicate the TED is extremely efficient at excluding sea turtles and significantly reduces mortality, and in some cases may increase shrimp catch. Despite opposition from some segments of the fishing industry, the use ofTEDs is now required in certain U. S. waters during parts of the year when sea turtle abundance is highest (
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFBDC1FE8C7CBB1DB" author="Thompson, G." pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref94673" refString="Thompson, G. 1987. National Marine Fisheries Service proposes shrimp fishing industry use of turtle excluder devices. Endang. Species Tech. Bull. 12 (4): 1, 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="1987">Thompson 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). Interest in TEDs has been expressed by the governments of Belize, Colombia, Honduras, Indonesia, Mexico, Panama, and
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<taxonomicName id="0BD5708EFFC1FFEAFD371E43C7F3B0A7" authority="Q. Woody and M. Weber" authorityName="Q. Woody and M. Weber" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trinidad">Trinidad Q. Woody and M. Weber</taxonomicName>
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, personal communication). With the adoption of TEDs, drowning in shrimp trawls, particulary in the critical subadult life stage (
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<bibRefCitation id="A84476FCFFC1FFEAFC8D1EB7C2DAB0C4" author="Crouse, D. T. & L. B. Crowder & H. Caswell" box="[833,1159,1988,2027]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" pagination="1412 - 1423" refId="ref70402" refString="Crouse, D. T., L. B. Crowder, and H. Caswell. 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68: 1412 - 1423." type="journal article" year="1987">Crouse et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
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), will be reduced and nearly eliminated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC1FFEAFF3511F8C42FBF9E" blockId="89.[249,626,2187,2225]" box="[249,626,2187,2225]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83">
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<heading id="9722BC61FFC1FFEAFF3511F8C42FBF9E" allCaps="true" box="[249,626,2187,2225]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="89" pageNumber="83" reason="3">7. MARICULTURE</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6A0B0DFFC1FFEAFED31183C3A1B688" blockId="89.[244,1187,2288,3025]" lastBlockId="89.[1251,2191,334,423]" pageId="89" pageNumber="83">Because loggerhead sea turtles are not esteemed for their flesh, and because their skin is unsuitable for leather and their shell for artisan crafts, there appears to be no commercial mariculture incentive for this species. Loggerheads have been reared in captivity for varying amounts of time in different areas (section 6.2) and released in limited head-start operations. Captive loggerheads eat a wide variety of food items (section 3.4.2). Disease is a common problem with sea turtle rearing operations, generally due to poor water circulation and fungal infections because of abrasion and the aggressiveness of many turtle hatchlings. The most common disease is a fungal infection which erodes the shell, eyes, flippers, and skin. The infection spreads quickly and is fatal unless treated early. Diseases of hatchlings reared in captivity and possible treatments are reviewed in section 3.2. 2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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