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<mods:title id="F3C979174FE818147A5F8F067824C3F8">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FF1B7299FDD610D5" authority="C. L. Brehm" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" box="[168,544,1666,1689]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FF1B7299FDD610D5" bold="true" box="[168,544,1666,1689]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FF1B7299FE7910D4" bold="true" box="[168,399,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Serinus meridionalis</emphasis>
C.L. Brehm
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A35036B69E38FFF0FFEE72ABFE801093" blockId="60.[93,619,1712,1758]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E38FFF0FFEE72ABFDB7108E" author="Brehm, C. L." box="[93,577,1712,1732]" page="255" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" year="1831">
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FFEE72ABFDB7108E" authority="C. L. Brehm, 1831: 255" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1831" box="[93,577,1712,1732]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FFEE72ABFEC71089" box="[93,305,1712,1732]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Serinus meridionalis</emphasis>
C.L. 
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FECF72AAFDB7108E" author="Brehm, C. L." box="[380,577,1712,1731]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" refId="ref113286" refString="Brehm, C. L. 1831. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller Vogel Deutschlands. Ilmenau: Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, 1085 pp., XLVI pls." type="book" year="1831">Brehm, 1831: 255</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(in Tyrol und der 
<collectingCountry id="DBF876269E38FFF0FEA772D1FE9A1093" box="[276,364,1739,1758]" name="Switzerland" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Schweiz</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A35036B69E38FFF0FD2874CEFCE4177A" blockId="60.[667,1194,212,311]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="83FF11989E38FFF0FD2874CEFCE4177A" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
Now 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FD6774CEFBD416AA" ID-CoL="4WV7R" authority="(Linnaeus, 1766)" authorityName="serinus (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[724,1058,212,231]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serinus">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FD6774CEFC9A16AB" box="[724,876,212,231]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Serinus serinus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1766)
</taxonomicName>
. See 
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E38FFF0FBE774CEFCF9174F" author="Hartert, E." page="83" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FBE774CEFCF9174F" author="Hartert, E." pageId="60" pageNumber="60" refId="ref118594" refString="Hartert, E. 1903. Die Vogel der Palaarktischen Fauna. Berlin: R. Friedlander und Sohn. Vol. 1 (1): XII + 112 pp." type="book" year="1903">Hartert, 1903: 83</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E38FFF0FCA974F4FC25174C" author="Vaurie, C." box="[794,979,238,257]" page="599" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FCA974F4FC25174C" author="Vaurie, C." box="[794,979,238,257]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" refId="ref130329" refString="Vaurie, C. 1959. The birds of the Palearctic fauna. Passeriformes. London: H. F. &amp; G. Witherby Ltd., xii + 762 pp." type="book" year="1959">Vaurie, 1959: 599</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E38FFF0FC6D74F4FD2A1751" author="Howell, T. R. &amp; New World &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; A. L. Rand &amp; African" page="210" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FC6D74F4FD2A1751" author="Howell, T. R. &amp; New World &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; A. L. Rand &amp; African" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" pagination="207 - 306" refId="ref119969" refString="Howell, T. R. [New World]., R. A. Paynter, Jr. [Eurasian], and A. L. Rand [African]. 1968. Subfamily Carduelinae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr. (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 14: 207 - 306. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 433 pp." type="book chapter" year="1968">Howell et al., 1968: 210</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E38FFF0FD597513FC3B1751" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[746,973,265,284]" page="746" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FD597513FC3B1751" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[746,973,265,284]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" refId="ref116121" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (editor). 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson, 2003: 746</bibRefCitation>
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; and Clement, 2010: 516–517.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A35036B69E38FFF0FD0B7555FB8B17F2" blockId="60.[667,1194,335,918]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E38FFF0FD0B7555FCD81728" box="[696,814,335,359]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
: 
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FCFB754AFBF31728" bold="true" box="[840,1029,336,357]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">AMNH 456733</emphasis>
, adult male, 
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FD287574FCA717CE" bold="true" box="[667,849,366,387]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">AMNH 456734</emphasis>
, adult female, both collected on 
<date id="D75110769E38FFF0FD777591FCA817ED" box="[708,862,395,417]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" value="1820-07-15">15 July 1820</date>
, in 
<collectingRegion id="612BF8549E38FFF0FC3E7591FC2717EC" box="[909,977,395,417]" country="Austria" name="Tirol" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Tyrol</collectingRegion>
. From the Brehm Collection via the Rothschild Collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E38FFF0FD0B75DFFBED15DB" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A35036B69E38FFF0FD0B75DFFBED15DB" blockId="60.[667,1194,335,918]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">
COMMENTS: 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FCE975DDFB9A1790" authority="Brehm" authorityName="Brehm" box="[858,1132,454,477]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FCE975DDFBFB1790" box="[858,1037,454,477]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">S. meridionalis</emphasis>
Brehm
</taxonomicName>
was not among the Brehm types listed by 
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E38FFF0FBE175FFFD111455" author="Hartert, E." pageId="60" pageNumber="60" pagination="4 - 63" refId="ref118974" refString="Hartert, E. 1918. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. A. Types in the Brehm Collection. Novitates Zoologicae 25: 4 - 63." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert (1918)</bibRefCitation>
. Three specimens labeled 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FBAC761BFB5F1455" box="[1055,1193,513,536]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FBAC761BFB5F1455" box="[1055,1193,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">meridionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Brehm were discovered in the AMNH general collection when looking for the 
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E38FFF0FD287640FD021422" box="[667,756,602,623]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FC9B7640FC41143D" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityYear="1831" box="[808,951,601,624]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FC9B7640FC41143D" box="[808,951,601,624]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">S. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(above). The adult male and female were tied together and are labeled as from 
<collectingRegion id="612BF8549E38FFF0FCEA768FFC6B14E6" box="[857,925,661,683]" country="Austria" name="Tirol" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Tyrol</collectingRegion>
, given as a locality for this form by Brehm. They are considered 
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E38FFF0FD2876CAFD0814A8" box="[667,766,720,741]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FC9476D5FC4714AB" box="[807,945,719,742]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FC9476D5FC4714AB" box="[807,945,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">meridionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The third specimen, AMNH 456745, juvenile female, 
<date id="D75110769E38FFF0FB8B76F7FD23156D" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" value="1824-08-08">8 August 1824</date>
, 
<collectingRegion id="612BF8549E38FFF0FD6C7711FCD6156C" box="[735,800,779,801]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">Wien</collectingRegion>
, while labeled 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FC747710FBA7156C" box="[967,1105,778,801]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FC747710FBA7156C" box="[967,1105,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">meridionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from a locality given for 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FC2F773DFBF31573" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityYear="1831" box="[924,1029,807,830]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FC2F773DFBF31573" box="[924,1029,807,830]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It was also collected on the same day as a juvenile male of 
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E38FFF0FD0D7778FCD11534" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityYear="1831" box="[702,807,866,889]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Serinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E38FFF0FD0D7778FCD11534" box="[702,807,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="60">orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). I have not considered it a 
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E38FFF0FCB5779BFCA915DB" box="[774,863,897,918]" pageId="60" pageNumber="60" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of either name.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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