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171 lines
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<document id="AE08B3E4EA20026E8EEC0D1E0072BAB7" ID-CLB-Dataset="2636" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5091.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="51b42715-ddb1-4b4a-aad4-8be0f600a287" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5840434" ID-ZooBank="ABC8AF70-F691-4D07-8F20-70934642C8BC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641986550580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bergh, Eugene W. & Compton, John S." docDate="2022" docId="197787BAFFC2933F7FC99BD3FF24FC5B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5091.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5091 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Astacolus crepidula" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="E54EFFC2FFD3932E7F5E9B0CFFC4FF88" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian continental shelf" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1699301522325" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="86D1A676B68D5DD549177773DCABCE4F">
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<mods:title id="106F1C5F630D9E4A300A612BE8702437">Taxonomy of Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian continental shelf</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A460A6708EE1B686EE3D7D981E98480E">Bergh, Eugene W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B25D333C68000394B362C1BF0E7ACA3C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0765-4141</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B4479FCF85B53FB805151B6BFA6A8CA2">Marine Research Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. & Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; & Invertebrate palaeontology and Geology, Iziko South African Museum, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. john. compton @ uct. ac. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0765 - 4141</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B9F65B052576FA2E3234785D717F2DB" type="email">john.compton@uct.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A02510C77256577CCCA7DDBB20020FC6">Compton, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="904C310153BA5BBAED69112BFEC4FCC9">Marine Research Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="288C2ABB80CF373BF7659B9C721FBDDD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6F8AA124AA4CB0117D1062A0C478ACD2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2251B99B1B692D900857B3D6FCE516B5">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="121B56599E3C661308EF1107B0F16238">5091</mods:number>
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<treatment id="197787BAFFC2933F7FC99BD3FF24FC5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5840499" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192044126" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5840499" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:197787BAFFC2933F7FC99BD3FF24FC5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/197787BAFFC2933F7FC99BD3FF24FC5B" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC2933F7FC99BD3FED1FE95" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99BD3FD66FF71" blockId="17.[151,674,223,285]" box="[151,674,223,250]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="CA2981C0FFC2933F7FC99BD3FD66FF71" bold="true" box="[151,674,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7FC99BD3FD66FF71" ID-CoL="HMQ8" authority="(Fichtel & Moll, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Fichtel & Moll" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[151,674,223,250]" class="Nodosariata" family="Vaginulinidae" genus="Astacolus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Vaginulinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="crepidula">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99BD3FD66FF71" bold="true" box="[151,674,223,250]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99BD3FE42FF72" bold="true" box="[151,390,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Astacolus crepidula</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7ECB9BD3FD5EFF71" author="Fichtel, L. & Moll, J. P. C." box="[405,666,223,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref31520" refString="Fichtel, L. & Moll, J. P. C. (1798) Testacea microscopica aliagua minuta ex generibus Argonauta et Nautilus ad naturam delineate et descripta. Microscopische und andere kleine Schalthiere aus den Geschlechtern Argonaute und Schiffer, nach der Natur Gezeichnet und beschrieben. Camesina, Vienna, 124 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fichtel & Moll, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99A0FFED1FE95" blockId="17.[151,674,223,285]" box="[151,277,259,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="CA2981C0FFC2933F7FC99A0FFED1FE95" bold="true" box="[151,277,259,285]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99A0FFED1FE95" bold="true" box="[151,277,259,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pl. 3, fig. 4</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC2933F7FC99A44FCE6FE52" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99A44FCE4FEE8" blockId="17.[151,1436,328,474]" box="[151,800,328,352]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1CE1182FFC2933F7FC99A44FCE4FEE8" box="[151,800,328,352]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC2933F7FC99A44FDBBFEE8" author="Fichtel, L. & Moll, J. P. C." box="[151,639,328,352]" page="107" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1798">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7FC99A44FDBBFEE8" authority="Fichtel & Moll, 1798, p. 107" authorityName="Fichtel & Moll" authorityPageNumber="107" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,639,328,352]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Nautilidae" genus="Nautilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nautilida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crepidula">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99A44FE97FEE8" box="[151,339,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nautilus crepidula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E049A44FDF0FEE8" author="Fichtel, L. & Moll, J. P. C." box="[346,564,328,352]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref31520" refString="Fichtel, L. & Moll, J. P. C. (1798) Testacea microscopica aliagua minuta ex generibus Argonauta et Nautilus ad naturam delineate et descripta. Microscopische und andere kleine Schalthiere aus den Geschlechtern Argonaute und Schiffer, nach der Natur Gezeichnet und beschrieben. Camesina, Vienna, 124 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fichtel & Moll, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 107
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 19, fig. g–i.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99A6AFCD6FEF6" blockId="17.[151,1436,328,474]" box="[151,786,358,382]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1CE1182FFC2933F7FC99A6AFCD6FEF6" box="[151,786,358,382]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC2933F7FC99A6AFDB6FEF6" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[151,626,358,382]" page="117" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7FC99A6AFDE3FEF6" ID-CoL="64875f00-b58a-46cb-aa44-a447a0635d26" authority="Cushman, 1923 a" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,551,358,382]" class="Nodosariata" family="Lagenidae" genus="Cristellaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nodosariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="crepidula">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99A6AFEB0FEF6" box="[151,372,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cristellaria crepidula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E249A6AFDE3FEF6" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[378,551,358,382]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 228" refId="ref29789" refString="Cushman, J. A. (1923 a) The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean: part 4 - Lagenidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (4), 1 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.104.3" type="journal article" year="1923">Cushman, 1923a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 117
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 35, fig 3–4.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99A89FCDAFE15" blockId="17.[151,1436,328,474]" box="[151,798,389,413]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1CE1182FFC2933F7FC99A89FCDAFE15" box="[151,798,389,413]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC2933F7FC99A89FDA7FE15" author="Sandidge, J. R." box="[151,611,389,413]" page="346" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1932">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7FC99A89FDA7FE15" ID-CoL="9CP3S" authority="Sandidge, 1932, p. 346" authorityName="Sandidge" authorityPageNumber="346" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,611,389,413]" class="Nodosariata" family="Vaginulinidae" genus="Lenticulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Vaginulinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="crepidula">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99A89FEB5FE15" box="[151,369,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lenticulina crepidula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E299A89FDD3FE15" author="Sandidge, J. R." box="[375,535,389,413]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="333 - 377" refId="ref37413" refString="Sandidge, J. R. (1932) Foraminifera from the Ripley Formation in Alabama. The American Midland Naturalist, 13 (6), 333 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2419858" type="journal article" year="1932">Sandidge, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 346
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. XXXII, fig. 6.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99AA8FCE6FE52" blockId="17.[151,1436,328,474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7FC99AA8FE32FE33" ID-CoL="7R79V" authority="Barker, 1960" authorityName="Barker" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,502,419,444]" class="Nodosariata" family="Vaginulinidae" genus="Astacolus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Vaginulinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="crepidulus">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99AA8FEAEFE34" box="[151,362,420,444]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Astacolus crepidulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E2F9AA8FE32FE33" author="Barker, R. W." box="[369,502,419,444]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 238" refId="ref27766" refString="Barker, R. W. (1960) Taxonomic notes on the species figured by H. B. Brady in his report on the Foraminifera dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Society of Economic Palaeontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 238." type="journal article" year="1960">Barker, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 67, fig. 20, pl. 68, fig. 1–2;
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7C649AA8FC7AFE34" author="Lowry, F. M. D." box="[826,958,420,444]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 149, pl. 8, fig. 3;
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7BCC9AA8FA5CFE34" author="Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H." box="[1170,1432,420,444]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 661" refId="ref34885" refString="Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1994) Foraminifera of the Sahul Shelf and Timor Sea. Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication, 31, 1 - 661." type="journal article" year="1994">Loeblich & Tappan, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 72, pl. 130, fig. 1–20;
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E9C9ACFFDF8FE52" author="Jones, R. W." box="[450,572,450,474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref33343" refString="Jones, R. W. (1994) The Challenger Foraminifera. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 149 pp." type="book" year="1994">Jones, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 80, pl. 68, fig. 1–2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC2933F7FC99904FC7CFD07" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7FC99904FC7CFD07" blockId="17.[151,1437,520,979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7FC99904FEEFFDAA" bold="true" box="[151,299,520,546]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description:</emphasis>
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The test wall is calcareous, smooth and finely perforate. The test is compressed and some specimens are nearly three times longer than broad. Up to seven chambers increase in size toward the apertural end and the slightly depressed sutures are oblique, with the angle between the suture and base of the test increasing as chambers are added. The radiate aperture protrudes at the terminal end of the test.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC2933F7F999995FF24FC5B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7F999995FD45FD72" blockId="17.[151,1437,520,979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7F999995FEF9FD3B" bold="true" box="[199,317,665,691]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks:</emphasis>
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Specimens are moderate in size, measuring up to
|
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<quantity id="56269B49FFC2933F7C2E9994FC02FD3B" box="[880,966,664,691]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
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|
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in width and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="56269B49FFC2933F7B3E9995FB65FD3B" box="[1120,1185,665,691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
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|
|
in length. The figured specimen in
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7E7F99B0FE1DFD5F" author="Sandidge, J. R." box="[289,473,700,727]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="333 - 377" refId="ref37413" refString="Sandidge, J. R. (1932) Foraminifera from the Ripley Formation in Alabama. The American Midland Naturalist, 13 (6), 333 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2419858" type="journal article" year="1932">Sandidge (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
is
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="56269B49FFC2933F7EA899B1FD8EFD5F" box="[502,586,701,727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in length. The relative abundance is generally low, forming trace components (<1%) in some of the samples in core 2670.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7F999808FA91FC97" blockId="17.[151,1437,520,979]" box="[199,1365,772,799]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7F999808FEACFC97" bold="true" box="[199,360,772,799]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Life strategy:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
This species is infaunal, adapted to a wide range of oxygen conditions (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7BD19808FA8DFC97" author="Kaminski, M. A." box="[1167,1353,772,799]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="757 - 764" refId="ref33477" refString="Kaminski, M. A. (2012) Calibration of the Benthic Foraminiferal Oxygen Index in the Marmara Sea. Geological Quarterly, 56 (4), 757 - 764. https: // doi. org / 10.7306 / gq. 1061" type="journal article" year="2012">Kaminski, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7F999824FCCEFCEF" blockId="17.[151,1437,520,979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7F999824FDD4FCCB" bold="true" box="[199,528,808,835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Global stratigraphic range:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7D499825FD63FCCB" author="Jones, R. W." box="[535,679,809,835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref33343" refString="Jones, R. W. (1994) The Challenger Foraminifera. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 149 pp." type="book" year="1994">Jones (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
reported
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC2933F7C4D9824FC35FCCA" baseAuthorityName="Fichtel & Moll" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[787,1009,808,834]" class="Nodosariata" family="Vaginulinidae" genus="Astacolus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Vaginulinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="crepidula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7C4D9824FC35FCCA" box="[787,1009,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Astacolus crepidula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to occur from the Miocene to Recent, but
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7F9C9840FE4EFCEF" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[194,394,844,871]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 228" refId="ref29789" refString="Cushman, J. A. (1923 a) The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean: part 4 - Lagenidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (4), 1 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.104.3" type="journal article" year="1923">Cushman (1923a)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
extends it back to the Cretaceous.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC2933F7F99987CFF24FC5B" blockId="17.[151,1437,520,979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC2933F7F99987CFE03FC03" bold="true" box="[199,455,880,907]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Regional occurrence:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
This species occurs in middle Miocene sediments on the Namibian outer continental shelf, south of the Kunene River mouth (this study) and in Recent sediments off
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="531AF84EFFC2933F7B579899FB87FC27" box="[1033,1091,917,943]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
Agulhas,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFC2933F7BEF9898FAFAFC26" box="[1201,1342,916,942]" name="South Africa" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC2933F7A159899FF17FC5B" author="Lowry, F. M. D." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|