<mods:titleid="4729DAF991B2A43D066BF8C6F476ECEA">Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="0799ED98BFC3842EF798FF003D89BBE5">Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="3FBE1080CA7BFA6AFE7E6EE7F52154AB">Natural History Museum, Life Sciences, DC 2 - 2 N, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="4B173170958919CC42EAB72D77DCE062">Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="7D23D29528D49F6FB6A780A5A419178C">Unité de Recherche UMR 247, African Insect Science for Food and Health (icipe), PO Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="8AC20BB72C513CFB631E247E19E73C6E">Département de Zoologie et de Génétique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Bénin & South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Private Bag X 02, Mount Edgecombe, 4300, Republic of South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="6CBDC349C07730A1FE52359BFA244D9B">Van Den Berg, Johnnie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="EE4EA13274B62565EE92820FFA847B66">School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of Kwazulu – Natal, Private Bag X 01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, Republic of South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="FE587755FA6B256A3653A02D3C1F3884">School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520 – Republic of South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="5E224B2D6EF6A050AD966F178F933C3C">International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PO Box 2008 – Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E7554CB87753CF00ED09A7228C55CA3B">Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Av. J. Nyerere, Campus Universitario 1, Maputo, Republic of Mozambique</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="EF391E989B7EEA11CCCF6CAAC0A80E14">Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Av. J. Nyerere, Campus Universitario 1, Maputo, Republic of Mozambique</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="6413CAB39CC7DAAFBC54303B24F9CCE8">Department of Biology and Biotechnological Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana. E-mail: nyamukondiwac @ biust. ac. bw</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="BA123B0B132A13761216D8D9DF859DC1">Department of Biology and Biotechnological Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana. E-mail: nyamukondiwac @ biust. ac. bw</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="17A3074820C467CBAFACF127822CCB7E">School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138, Diredawa, Ethiopia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="506CF604BD584D9D9D29BDACF91971F2">Faculté des Sciences agronomiques, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="B806DE63648CEA3E7F301F80CD8B69E0">Centre de Recherches Agronomiques de Loudima (CRAL), BP 28 – Loudima, Republic of the Congo</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="CC1B4747F87C71D171FDC983AEF47DB5">Namulonge Agricultural and Animal Production Research Institute (NAARI), PO Box 7084 – Kampala, Uganda</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E0C57E123D074425E31DC59A261A1B7A">Zambia Agriculture Research Institute, Mount Maluku Central Research Station, PO Box 8 – Chilanga, Zambia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="4E66F518429C17E3805E20D768158EAB">School of Biological Science, College of Physical and Biological Sciences (Chiromo Campus), University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="49034240E9E7BA09264A10B37E2FEDDE">Natural History Museum, Life Sciences, DC 2 - 2 N, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD, London, UK & Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="95B97691C219AD60528C53056EE0278E"ID-CoL="4WYR9"authority="Tams & Bowden, 1953"authorityName="Tams & Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
<bibRefCitationid="E51EE4D18C05D5DC0264920AA9B57988"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene´e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645 - 678. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams & Bowden, 1953</bibRefCitation>
<figureCitationid="4A0235C72BD5B63C12A912787556021A"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="F8"captionText="Figure 8. Male genitalia of members of the incerta subgroup (dorsal view for apparatus and lateral view for phalli). S. epunctifera: A apparatus; L phallus; S. firmata: B apparatus; M phallus; S. incerta: C apparatus; N phallus; S. kamba sp. nov.: D apparatus; O phallus; S. lalaci sp. nov.: E apparatus; P phallus; S. lusese sp. nov.: F apparatus; Q phallus; S. msowero sp. nov.: G apparatus; R phallus; S. pennipuncta: H apparatus; S phallus; S. penniseti: I apparatus; T phallus; S. poephaga: J apparatus; U phallus; S. simplaria: K apparatus; V phallus. Scale bar = 1 mm for apparatus and 0.5 for phalli."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure8"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067457">Figures 8 J, U</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitationid="706DFB64768D0E31364BF00F1575E9A0"captionStart="Figure 9"captionStartId="F9"captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia from members of the incerta subgroup (ventral view). A S. epunctifera; B S. firmata; C S. incerta; D S. kamba sp. nov.; E S. msowero sp. nov.; F S. pennipuncta; G S. penniseti; H S. poephaga; I S. simplaria. Scale bar = 1 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure9"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067458">9 H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitationid="24D2CAE28342EFA7A47A018F3B83DFA1"captionStart="Figure 11"captionStartId="F11"captionText="Figure 11. Distribution map of sampled specimens of the incerta subgroup: S. firmata, S. lalaci sp. nov., S. pennipuncta, S. poephaga, S. penniseti, S. simplaria."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure11"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067460">11</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitationid="FB402BDA1A86B4FCB33B315BAA89BD58"captionStart="Figure 12"captionStartId="F12"captionText="Figure 12. Adults of the incerta subgroup (S. lalaci sp. nov., S. lusese sp. nov., S. msowero sp. nov., S. pennipuncta, S. penniseti, S. poephaga and S. simplaria). S. lalaci sp. nov.: A male upper side; B male underside; S. lusese sp. nov.: C male upper side; D male underside; S. msowero sp. nov.: E male upper side; F male underside; G female upper side; H female underside; S. pennipuncta: I male upper side; J male underside; K female upper side; L female underside; S. penniseti: M male upper side; N male underside; O female upper side; P female underside; S. poephaga: Q male upper side; R male underside; S female upper side; T female underside; S. simplaria: U male upper side; V male underside; W female upper side; X female underside. Scale bar = 10 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure12"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067461">12 Q – T</figureCitation>
<treatmentCitationid="09CFE4C47FC0577E8A7BE308A36A8D87"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"page="668"year="1953">
<taxonomicNameid="C78BEBEE11B53FFD13D2BFB3F0359CA0"ID-CoL="4WYR9"authorityName="Tams & Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
<bibRefCitationid="04A9D46ED62D12A8812CA45E38451D88"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"firstAuthor="Tams"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"page="668"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645–678. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams and Bowden (1953: 668)</bibRefCitation>
<materialsCitationid="A52E69A6626D418CB36EBC2B944F5EB4"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876544513"collectionCode="NHM"collectorName="A. W. Cardinall"country="Ghana"location="Territories"specimenCode="B. M. 1925-126"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-male="1"stateProvince="Gold Coast"typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCodeid="5FBFD65534B630341D1EB60E29D280FC">B. M. 1925-126</specimenCode>
, Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1238,
<collectorNameid="11FBC94AC8E3357EE5939FD758E27BEE">A. W. Cardinall</collectorName>
Leg., (
<named-contentid="F046C993B189A2778CE0CFB927BC594F"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<named-contentid="82AC22E1E45D318413EBF5BD44BA507B"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<materialsCitationid="A7CE5C6BB565528391DFFC7804D194FD"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876544451"collectionCode="NHM"collectorName="W. H. T. Tams"country="Nigeria"location="Rothschild Bequest"municipality="Anambara Creek"specimenCode="B. M. 1939-1"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-female="1"stateProvince="Niger">
<specimenCodeid="265FF65759E8EF4D2544AFC969255603">B. M. 1939-1</specimenCode>
, Ses. 100,
<taxonomicNameid="56B957300750EDADEC49F11E4B7FBE34"authority="Tams"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
<collectorNameid="57FA5A0B9E7B1FDAA7F87E482822CB4E">W. H. T. Tams</collectorName>
Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1408, (
<named-contentid="3D306C0B08FC342B0C573ED9BCCD42D8"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<materialsCitationid="77A18FB379D223AA1CD8E1D3D92ED93C"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876544480"collectionCode="NHM"location="Rothschild Bequest"municipality="Anambara Creek"specimenCode="B. M. 1939-1"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCodeid="F852CFC38F808BE029F20957F65D6515">B. M. 1939-1</specimenCode>
., Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1282, (
<named-contentid="C22EB5DDEF880E9C747E2E7A31973330"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<named-contentid="0BC678BF30809D9C746B90DCE842850B"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<collectingDateid="E020439B6A3CFD01ADE9CDC812F0FDC0"value="1918-08-01"valueMax="1918-08-05"valueMin="1918-08-01">1–5. VIII. 1918</collectingDate>
</date>
, (
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<named-contentid="26D0BCE5F818CC214B1F1067AEE29BC5"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<materialsCitationid="82681AED5C73F5D9C9D318AD269CD175"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876544571"collectingDate="2012-03"collectingMethod="light trap"collectionCode="MNHN"collectorName="B. Le Ru"country="Zambia"elevation="1378"latitude="-9.484167"location="Kantongo"longLatPrecision="21"longitude="32.631664"specimenCount="2"specimenCount-male="2"stateProvince="Western Province">
<collectorNameid="C40EC9130BBC2E41A4B93C7000EAFD39">B. Le Ru</collectorName>
leg.) (
<named-contentid="0CEE0F3D849B0881189924B8ACAB77AE"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-national-dhistoire-naturelle-2"xlink_title="Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France">
<collectionCodeid="E02EBD4DEA15D158B42145A846D81C81"country="France"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988"name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle"type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
subgroup by the combination of the following characters of the male and female genitalia: tegumen with large erected peniculi; vinculum u-shaped at the outer margin with a large sized saccus, rectangular; sacculus with a broad and short apical extension, curved inwards, strongly club-shaped; juxta large, the inferior plate almost triangular, produced into a sharp point, the superior plate broad and of medium length, shortly bifid terminally; phallus short and thick; vesica with a small semi-circular flat cornutus; ventrolateral plates of female segment A 8 very large, trapezoidal, the anterior side rounded, as long as wide; ostium bursae large, funnel-shaped sclerotized, with slightly pointed tip on each side; ductus bursae with two posterior very narrow and long sclerotized areas.
<figureCitationid="2E6B9DDD459D7B29C9518F4161F2EAE3"captionStart="Figure 12"captionStartId="F12"captionText="Figure 12. Adults of the incerta subgroup (S. lalaci sp. nov., S. lusese sp. nov., S. msowero sp. nov., S. pennipuncta, S. penniseti, S. poephaga and S. simplaria). S. lalaci sp. nov.: A male upper side; B male underside; S. lusese sp. nov.: C male upper side; D male underside; S. msowero sp. nov.: E male upper side; F male underside; G female upper side; H female underside; S. pennipuncta: I male upper side; J male underside; K female upper side; L female underside; S. penniseti: M male upper side; N male underside; O female upper side; P female underside; S. poephaga: Q male upper side; R male underside; S female upper side; T female underside; S. simplaria: U male upper side; V male underside; W female upper side; X female underside. Scale bar = 10 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure12"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067461">12 Q – T</figureCitation>
). The species has been described in great detail by
<bibRefCitationid="E12EE61D4AD87C2C6B4253D59D9B831B"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"firstAuthor="Tams"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645–678. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams and Bowden (1953)</bibRefCitation>
. However, Tams and Bowden did not mention the fact that the wings are more elongated in females than in males. —
<figureCitationid="82E83CA4C86DB3A5A56287700D769454"captionStart="Figure 8"captionStartId="F8"captionText="Figure 8. Male genitalia of members of the incerta subgroup (dorsal view for apparatus and lateral view for phalli). S. epunctifera: A apparatus; L phallus; S. firmata: B apparatus; M phallus; S. incerta: C apparatus; N phallus; S. kamba sp. nov.: D apparatus; O phallus; S. lalaci sp. nov.: E apparatus; P phallus; S. lusese sp. nov.: F apparatus; Q phallus; S. msowero sp. nov.: G apparatus; R phallus; S. pennipuncta: H apparatus; S phallus; S. penniseti: I apparatus; T phallus; S. poephaga: J apparatus; U phallus; S. simplaria: K apparatus; V phallus. Scale bar = 1 mm for apparatus and 0.5 for phalli."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure8"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067457">8 J, U</figureCitation>
). Tegumen with large erected peniculi; vinculum u-shaped at the outer margin and w-shaped at the inner margin without indentation, with a large saccus, rectangular. Valve with sacculus and cucullus separate; costa short and narrow, heavily sclerotized, ending with a stout and short straight spine, with two apical teeth; sacculus heavily sclerotized rounded at base, a broad and short apical extension, curved inwards, strongly club-shaped, bearing numerous short and stout spines; cucullus longer than sacculus, weakly sclerotized, slightly clavate at apex, with scattered and papillated hairs; juxta large, the inferior plate almost triangular, produced into a sharp point, the superior plate broad and of medium length, shortly bifid terminally; uncus angled and stout at base, narrowed in distal part, pointed at apex, tufted with long hairs on upper side; phallus short and thick, a bit curved in the middle; lamina ventralis with an elongate carinal crest, produced into paired lateral lobes; vesica with a small semi-circular flat cornutus. —
<figureCitationid="E537B1D29F013D3FCEBCF4F0AB4D99E4"captionStart="Figure 9"captionStartId="F9"captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia from members of the incerta subgroup (ventral view). A S. epunctifera; B S. firmata; C S. incerta; D S. kamba sp. nov.; E S. msowero sp. nov.; F S. pennipuncta; G S. penniseti; H S. poephaga; I S. simplaria. Scale bar = 1 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure9"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067458">9 H</figureCitation>
). Apophyses anteriores with spatulate tips; ventrolateral plates of segment A 8 very large, trapezoidal, sclerotized, the anterior side rounded, as long as wide; ostium bursae large, funnel-shaped, sclerotized, with slightly pointed tip on each side; ductus bursae long and narrow, with two posterior very narrow and long sclerotized areas; corpus bursae pyriform, without signa; ovipositor lobes at least 2.8 times longer than wide with dorsal surface bearing numerous short and stout setae, the ventral side of each lobe slightly curved; apophyses posteriores more slender than apophyses anteriores.
’ (Mosaic # 27), ‘ undifferentiated woodland (Sudanian and North Zambezian) ’ (Mosaic # 29 a, c )) (
<bibRefCitationid="D5662FF78115628E35FC7A38A3671780"author="White"firstAuthor="White"pagination="1-356"refId="B74"refString="White F (1983) The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO / AETFAT / UNSO vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Natural Resources Research. 20: 1–356."title="The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO / AETFAT / UNSO vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Natural Resources Research."volume="20"year="1983">White 1983</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig.
<figureCitationid="69BFFDD228B471DFFC5DECDD71BB16B9"captionStart="Figure 10"captionStartId="F10"captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of sampled specimens of the incerta subgroup: S. epunctifera, S. incerta, S. kamba sp. nov., S. lusese sp. nov., S. msowero sp. nov."figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e113140.figure10"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1067459">10</figureCitation>
) belonging to the Congolian, Sudanian and Zambezian bioregions (sensu
<bibRefCitationid="5D5BEA944FD323993403283ED28447EF"DOI="10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02728.x"author="Linder"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Linder"journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography"pagination="1189-1205"refId="B37"refString="Linder HP, de Klerk HM, Born J, Burgess ND, Fjeldså J, Rahbek C (2012) The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Biogeography 39: 1189–1205. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02728.x"title="The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in sub-Saharan Africa."volume="39"year="2012">Linder et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). We never found this species in Eastern Africa despite the collection of hundreds of
<taxonomicNameid="441B9B339D84BDF8638DF17223E03AC3"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="kamba"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="B4F54D746A0A9B6D86C494DC287DA5C7"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
This species is an occasional minor pest of maize and sorghum and sugarcane (
<bibRefCitationid="59ADFFE275C6088EE36C310616F3463E"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams and Bowden"firstAuthor="Tams"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645–678. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams and Bowden 1953</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="5EB9C2D35F9DB70FB47A023368FE6C85"author="Ratnadass and Djimadoumngar"editor="Comas J & Gomes-Macpherson H"firstAuthor="Ratnadass"journalOrPublisher="AECI, Madrid"pagination="65-80"refId="B53"refString="Ratnadass A, Djimadoumngar K (2002) Les insectes ravageurs des sorghos repiqués ou cultivés en conditions de décrue en Afrique de l’ouest et du centre. In: Comas J, Gomes-Macpherson H (Eds) La culture du sorgho de décrue dans l’Afrique de l’ouest et du centre. AECI, Madrid, 65–80."title="Les insectes ravageurs des sorghos repiqués ou cultivés en conditions de décrue en Afrique de l’ouest et du centre."volumeTitle="La culture du sorgho de décrue dans l’Afrique de l’ouest et du centre."year="2002">Ratnadass and Djimadoumngar 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="CE625141F37FCC0E37BEB2F062468889"author="Mathieu"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Mathieu"journalOrPublisher="International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter"pagination="75-77"refId="B38"refString="Mathieu B, Ratnadass A, Aboubakary A, Beyo J, Moyal P (2006) Losses caused by stem borer to transplanted sorghum crops in Northern Cameroon. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 47: 75–77."title="Losses caused by stem borer to transplanted sorghum crops in Northern Cameroon."volume="47"year="2006">Mathieu et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). According to
<bibRefCitationid="F14C90B09221B00F9A7FC8C084EA974C"author="Ratnadass A & Djimadoumngar K"editor="Comas J & Gomes-Macpherson H"firstAuthor="Ratnadass"journalOrPublisher="AECI, Madrid"pagination="65-80"refId="B53"refString="Ratnadass A, Djimadoumngar K (2002) Les insectes ravageurs des sorghos repiqués ou cultivés en conditions de décrue en Afrique de l’ouest et du centre. In: Comas J, Gomes-Macpherson H (Eds) La culture du sorgho de décrue dans l’Afrique de l’ouest et du centre. AECI, Madrid, 65–80."title="Les insectes ravageurs des sorghos repiqués ou cultivés en conditions de décrue en Afrique de l’ouest et du centre."volumeTitle="La culture du sorgho de décrue dans l’Afrique de l’ouest et du centre."year="2002">Ratnadass and Djimadoumngar (2002)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitationid="06833B718BAF4D8C74EDB5C404DD64EF"author="Mathieu B & Ratnadass A & Aboubakary A & Beyo J & Moyal P"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Mathieu"journalOrPublisher="International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter"pagination="75-77"refId="B38"refString="Mathieu B, Ratnadass A, Aboubakary A, Beyo J, Moyal P (2006) Losses caused by stem borer to transplanted sorghum crops in Northern Cameroon. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 47: 75–77."title="Losses caused by stem borer to transplanted sorghum crops in Northern Cameroon."volume="47"year="2006">Mathieu et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
, this species inhabits the savannahs of West and Central Africa. On one occasion,
<taxonomicNameid="59590B777A0043D6CAB1BA875F17FDCA"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
<taxonomicNameid="819A1915CE5C773334570E10ECD9A69B"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="kamba"status="sp. nov.">
<bibRefCitationid="9E61669808012D1667D81F6431487FD3"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"firstAuthor="Tams"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645–678. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams and Bowden (1953)</bibRefCitation>
described
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<taxonomicNameid="863891B8D7DB72B2CCE94884E1E85B90"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
<named-contentid="93FBE08FFC2B417490B0EFE8C70A854A"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london"xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom">
<bibRefCitationid="3D2E8D2D2AAE60E595E76C6B8A5F2CAB"DOI="10.1017/S0007485300026717"author="Tams WHT & Bowden J"firstAuthor="Tams"journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research"pagination="645-678"refId="B68"refString="Tams WHT, Bowden J (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43: 645–678. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300026717"title="A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guene ́ e and related genera (Agrotidae - Lepidoptera)."volume="43"year="1953">Tams and Bowden (1953)</bibRefCitation>
clearly does not belong to a female of
<taxonomicNameid="8022B4383766BD57E4C4BBC6312AA79C"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
, Anambara Creek, Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1408, [
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<taxonomicNameid="2F7A0B2594C480888BA19299B258D705"authorityName="Tams and Bowden"authorityYear="1953"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="poephaga">
. Without the possibility of dissecting the genitalia and taking into account the results of our extensive collections in Central, Eastern, Southern and Western Africa (several hundred specimens collected from more than 15 countries), specimens from Eastern Africa should belong to
<taxonomicNameid="E7530672BF25492A658C2F82E18EAB9F"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="kamba"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="B6F41E90BA79C468E094A6A7A1B0BF94"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="lalaci"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="F085064449E2A4EADA6A7511E6D7B223"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="lusese"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="E6D03A999F69D45E1A91C501B7030CEC"authority="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru, 2024"authorityName="Hévin & Kergoat & Zilli & Capdevielle-Dulac & Musyoka & Sezonlin & Conlong & Van Den Berg & Ndemah & Le Gall & Cugala & Nyamukondiwa & Pallangyo & Njaku & Goftishu & Assefa & Kandonda & Bani & Molo & Chipabika & Ong’amo & Clamens & Barbut & Le Ru"authorityYear="2024"class="Insecta"family="Noctuidae"genus="Sesamia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Lepidoptera"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="msowero"status="sp. nov.">
seems to belong to a distinct species. In Western Africa the species is obtained from maize and sorghum on which it is an occasional pest in the southern part of the savannah zone; there are no records from wild host plants.