treatments-xml/data/13/7F/C1/137FC151535751F5B2CF6ED0C4C704D2.xml

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<mods:title id="3763CE817D12862C760C79E1BB8DC935">Nearctic walnut leafminers invade Europe: first Coptodisca lucifluella (Clemens, 1860) and now Coptodisca juglandiella (Chambers, 1874) (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E552AB1FEBC08D55696CE28FE78C94E2">Takacs, Attila</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FD50461D60EDB63E4D42438BED10DE86">Jaszivany utca 64, H 1172 Budapest, Hungary; molyirto @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5060FCC0325FCB5CF5CC82A47E8D765D">Szaboky, Csaba</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="18DB06D9EFC4A092344BC96F3F336609">Becsi ut 88, H 1034 Budapest, Hungary; bothv @ t-online. hu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3B76B43DDF02C8C42179A9C304B0928F">Toth, Balazs</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8C97FA5AB4E94FF2BBF604B8674114C3">Baross utca 13,. H 1088 Budapest, Hungary; toth. balazs @ nhmus. hu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DC7194720CF3EDDDDBE36C9E9E0B4FEF">Bozso, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7E0709D8AF26013D4ED68159DA5B812F">Budaoersi ut 141 - 145, H 1118 Budapest Hungary; mikitv. bozs @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="01078A5B438E479BF6653CD82A2582EC">Kutas, Janos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1746B07EA5D59AF3F981BD745AA8873F">Kinizsi u. 81. H 8900 Zalaegerszeg, Hungary; kutas. janos @ zala. gov. hu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A3574CF50A28314444A8BA2D329D53E8">Molnar, Szilard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3A3F97B5D937F3A63C029BEA7A5B0562">Sueto utca 20, H 8000 Szekesfehervar, Hungary; veketalp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="048B186FE628CE341858FFFBD64D74D1">Richter, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A4C526D323D11C14E2A3C99E0684B325">Mala Causa 289, SK 97101 Slovakia, ignac. richter @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="7CB40A9C0F1A5863D9E4A2F16AD2F63F" LSID="137FC151-5357-51F5-B2CF-6ED0C4C704D2" baseAuthorityName="Chambers" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Coptodisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptodisca juglandiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juglandiella">Coptodisca juglandiella</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="1F88C2373B4CAD4566373FE70362521F" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Identification.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7BFE9E7A9974A0CE0A7849B35E3FE0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
The original description of 
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<emphasis id="D805282B0B1DC3DAC223A22738E56F36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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contains little information about the habitus of the moth (&quot;Except that it is 
<emphasis id="8D68AA69147C9AE5CB6D227FC9905089" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">perhaps</emphasis>
a trifle smaller, I cannot distinguish this species in the imago from 
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<emphasis id="3E313DEF8A4303B31C61FA8FB52FCBD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">A. splendoriferella</emphasis>
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.&quot;); it deals rather with the mine, the case and host plant (
<bibRefCitation id="F968E35D575AE16E76789DD32399D511" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent6149-8" author="Chambers, VT" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="149 - 153" refId="B6" refString="Chambers, VT, 1874. Micro- Lepidoptera. The Canadian Entomologist 6: 149 - 153, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent6149-8" title="Micro- Lepidoptera." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent6149-8" volume="6" year="1874">Chambers 1874</bibRefCitation>
). On the contrary, 
<bibRefCitation id="3A6527B98B23763C4B818CAC49DBF847" author="Clemens, B" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="203 - 221" refId="B7" refString="Clemens, B, 1860. Contributions to American Lepidopterology. No. 5. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 12: 203 - 221" title="Contributions to American Lepidopterology. No. 5." volume="12" year="1860">Clemens (1860)</bibRefCitation>
gives a detailed description of the adult of 
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<emphasis id="7013C71956C1772A203365E5AED07959" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
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, but this is still not sufficient for identification. 
<bibRefCitation id="6B690EF3DE4075E37B333B14405F60DD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" author="Bernardo, U" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="210 - 224" refId="B5" refString="Bernardo, U, van Nieukerken, EJ, Sasso, R, Gebiola, M, Gualtieri, L, Viggiani, G, 2015. Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 105 (2): 210 - 224, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" title="Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" volume="105" year="2015">Bernardo et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
redescribed this species, designated and figured its lectotype and figured also an adult specimen of 
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<emphasis id="1C64E90DC006C3F4F47A1D17E68795F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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and gave a brief diagnosis of the latter species. We did not have the opportunity to examine the type specimen(s) of 
<taxonomicName id="098E137377EC659C07128D82504B671B" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="A1147F93BDB748F0B5D24CFB80800C52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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. According to Miller &amp; Hodges (1990) the majority of 
<normalizedToken id="95EE1771D80137758F668D46C010F13A" originalValue="Chambers’">Chambers'</normalizedToken>
types are deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard University) but a significant number are located at the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC = USNM) and there are also potential but probably untraceable type specimens at The Natural History Museum (London). This species is absent from the list of 
<bibRefCitation id="25C2C00BCAE93AD77BDF1AE250B5B173" author="Miller, SE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="45 - 87" refId="B15" refString="Miller, SE, Hodges, RW, 1990. Primary types of Microlepidoptera in the Museum of Comparative Zoology (with a discursion [sic!] on V. T. Chambers' work). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 152 (2): 45 - 87" title="Primary types of Microlepidoptera in the Museum of Comparative Zoology (with a discursion [sic!] on V. T. Chambers' work)." volume="152" year="1990">Miller and Hodges (1990)</bibRefCitation>
. We consulted the type database of USNM without result (
<bibRefCitation id="B0DBD0C9793B6B8A919B0A70AACF6362" author="NMNH" journalOrPublisher="Nota Lepidopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" publicationUrl="https://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/ento/" refId="B20" refString="NMNH, 2020. Search the Department of Entomology Collections. https://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/ento/" title="Search the Department of Entomology Collections." url="https://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/ento/" year="2020">NMNH 2020</bibRefCitation>
), thus the type(s) may be lost. Hungarian specimens of the two species show the diagnostic differences underlined by 
<bibRefCitation id="9F1F8DFA77D0453A98E461B8259C2D88" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" author="Bernardo, U" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="210 - 224" refId="B5" refString="Bernardo, U, van Nieukerken, EJ, Sasso, R, Gebiola, M, Gualtieri, L, Viggiani, G, 2015. Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 105 (2): 210 - 224, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" title="Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" volume="105" year="2015">Bernardo et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
. There is an image of an intact 
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<emphasis id="9D2D0D436B37424E827D85B66524FE54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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specimen on the homepage of the 
<bibRefCitation id="31F6D86E310B6AB8EE63B96FDDB69D88" author="Moth Photographers Group" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" publicationUrl="https://mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu/species.php?phylo=210089" refId="B16" refString="Moth Photographers Group, 2019. Coptodiscajuglandiella. https://mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu/species.php?phylo=210089" title="Coptodiscajuglandiella." url="https://mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu/species.php?phylo=210089" year="2019">Moth Photographers Group (2019)</bibRefCitation>
which matches the diagnosis and image of 
<bibRefCitation id="79294CFD5CBC105C0DCB9C23F04B32BB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" author="Bernardo, U" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="210 - 224" refId="B5" refString="Bernardo, U, van Nieukerken, EJ, Sasso, R, Gebiola, M, Gualtieri, L, Viggiani, G, 2015. Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 105 (2): 210 - 224, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" title="Characterization, distribution, biology and impact on Italian walnut orchards of the invasive North-American leafminer Coptodisca lucifluella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485314000947" volume="105" year="2015">Bernardo et al. (2015</bibRefCitation>
, suppl. material 3). Therefore, we are confident that the identifications of Hungarian specimens as 
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<emphasis id="5DFDB854665EC347B8B29E5425E93E35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
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and 
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<emphasis id="F5BEECA773D5EF91FE8F61DA3E6F034B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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are correct.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="27EADD383D1988A0EEEE80DAE224DC26" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2BDFB77A1A0FF57146D309359D5B941F" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
Adults of 
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<emphasis id="CB7E18654C86FF576B559BD60091E1C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="51EC3F126042C45F0CDC0DC84860A8EC" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">1</figureCitation>
) are similar in external morphology to 
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<emphasis id="7DA63FE88608F3E65D7DCD6AE54E6663" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
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(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8B3E2E9B285B615F45B9E12E71788812" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">2</figureCitation>
). However, the two species can be distinguished by wing pattern: the conspicuous black filling of 
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<emphasis id="FA928D9DEF1FC2EA9631212C2FDDB843" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
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between the silvery grey basal area and the patch at dorsum is absent in 
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<emphasis id="B874C11FC43E25A22763BDEA3504177C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
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, in which the colour of this area is transitional from silvery grey (proximal edge) to yellow (distal edge). The silvery white tornal patch is narrower in 
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<emphasis id="B4822A3146ED26B7F4597A1E2527B305" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in 
<taxonomicName id="7B3EDC5171C3F00C5B1D921E9EEA7817" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="BC5049CC22F7D87E2ED061798A94016C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. No differences in wing shape and venation were found between the two species (Figs 
<figureCitation id="0D87AEC274A7D447CF013488CE8ADF85" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="5E1EE2EF1C655E4C4068122658BA70EB" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">4</figureCitation>
). In the male genitalia, we found more sensilla of the pectinifer in 
<taxonomicName id="11EC1CEB89FCB9046C325D17E9573EAD" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="A93771C8D91287EC0BDDA7BC96230879" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C89D1677436320360AE0A68C1F49D7A8" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Coptodisca juglandiella from Hungary, Alsoszentivan, reared from Juglans nigra. 5 a. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 5 b. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 6 a. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 6 b. Female genitalia (data as 6 a). Photos by Ignac Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (5 a, 5 b, 6 b), 0.05 mm (6 a)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">5a, b</figureCitation>
) than in 
<taxonomicName id="BB286303476D65473A8303F29B43E883" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="CD22D1882B7ECF9F3BB15B17A8D84927" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="759A6F4BA59D000060084DE5B8377187" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Coptodisca juglandiella from Hungary, Alsoszentivan, reared from Juglans nigra. 5 a. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 5 b. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 6 a. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 6 b. Female genitalia (data as 6 a). Photos by Ignac Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (5 a, 5 b, 6 b), 0.05 mm (6 a)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6a, b</figureCitation>
), while differences between the female genitalia of the two species were not observed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CC536FD1253443AB14904CF57DBCC0AF" doi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" start="Figures 1–4" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="9695ED65C72E6A636B15DCAE5AE8726F" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="CFCA3159C4AE4703CAF150B3E8E418B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Figures 1-4.</emphasis>
External morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="70B653438CD43C603367051404038A71" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Coptodisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptodisca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8DDD99F7A89BEFD0A8946048CBD1DA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Coptodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from Hungary. 
<emphasis id="589D8141A401000FE3E2516CC4E31CAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">1</emphasis>
. Habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="B0B0A0C0F3679B10370C9A953BA473B8" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="A39451CE06D7501D992A9E1AAD6AF53E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male: Somogy county, 
<normalizedToken id="0B5E73F04443D83E0A2261184EC42E73" originalValue="Öreglak">Oereglak</normalizedToken>
, reared from 
<taxonomicName id="538B4FB13F25B67E16A2711A5D3898B7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans nigra" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B170C640593B88640281C3CB13BBC78C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Juglans nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. Csaba 
<normalizedToken id="1DE34CF3D3E1D1F255CB02F9DF213547" originalValue="Szabóky">Szaboky</normalizedToken>
), 
<emphasis id="760346B2CB34BE1E6AC975905D866D81" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="199DBAF6B0A1CF520891AF8960B3ADAE" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="8F584915DA678DF3E312722354A290CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female: Zala county, 
<normalizedToken id="C7A524941714470BD5DA65C728F3C05A" originalValue="Zalaszentgrót">Zalaszentgrot</normalizedToken>
, reared from 
<taxonomicName id="846C59E1A50097A16419E73689DD0246" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans regia" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regia">
<emphasis id="AF4E2B95F39E9C0959D890DEE94542EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Juglans regia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. HNHM). 
<emphasis id="A8F056F6FC3D4FAC6A3CD344FA1BA555" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">3</emphasis>
. Denuded right wings of 
<taxonomicName id="25EA4D8B482BA1A41DC3CF62A6303FE5" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="C7D7F2133B0793E71A28DFF8B260A008" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TB1903f). 
<emphasis id="58FC506A29EA4FF01F18927D4C0184E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">4</emphasis>
. Denuded right wings of 
<taxonomicName id="9D071A81C1B61E761FDC8FFEAD9F1EEF" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="9E163DAFB4195BC4DE276EAE81981748" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TB1902m). 
<emphasis id="A040137D43243D5C290D0778202D7F32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">1, 2</emphasis>
: photo by Attila 
<normalizedToken id="CB7C4B032D501272819029F92D1EC4A5" originalValue="Takács">Takacs</normalizedToken>
, 
<emphasis id="992D4F7E08ADB9EBCC55B4409D4C6340" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">3, 4</emphasis>
: photo by 
<normalizedToken id="69A32A8B56FCCB3268BD3AC78F5EB172" originalValue="Balázs">Balazs</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5CC06576F8204D1153B4605BFC92B7EF" originalValue="Tóth">Toth</normalizedToken>
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="4D87F9E70CD18FD2BB4B4C15DB7B8328" doi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" start="Figures 5, 6" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="B92519FF14424C0963B0D10A76CE5619" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="964D083D2C742C644E71275446F36A4A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Figures 5, 6.</emphasis>
Genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="DA0EE6CF188F663E47CD2C09F457D517" baseAuthorityName="Chambers" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Coptodisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptodisca juglandiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="76D74D930FED8DA9D60E9ABB62586BCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Coptodisca juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Hungary, 
<normalizedToken id="6A8CEA86CB3C1A37DDF43D63DDE32944" originalValue="Alsószentiván">Alsoszentivan</normalizedToken>
, reared from 
<taxonomicName id="94379BEB11EF3C0D8B40DEDFC72DDA81" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans nigra" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="DD9EE82C4406770A60F95FA01FE31DAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Juglans nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="580FE9D545E5A6FB2ABBD2C48FF20F16" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">5a</emphasis>
. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 
<emphasis id="8EAC28DBA5D0BC372EA3B75C0144C908" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">5b</emphasis>
. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 
<emphasis id="C05FC78D65C0F623286B1606137F856E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6a</emphasis>
. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 
<emphasis id="0CEAD36BAD030E60E3C84BFDB913AE6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6b</emphasis>
. Female genitalia (data as 
<emphasis id="5D91557FCC87A6D010B1527F0E40CEC0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6a</emphasis>
). Photos by 
<normalizedToken id="1DC741EEF7C969981946DFAD915A2D4E" originalValue="Ignác">Ignac</normalizedToken>
Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="6AB31A9CD143851C052C21CECCA57C43" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">5a, 5b, 6b</emphasis>
), 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="83EDDABE2BDBC24878832A7873A16D11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6a</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6E2E4C3974A8EAB51F6D434B2DC9EE8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
The shape of the mines is different in the two species: in 
<taxonomicName id="20EACF1B6FF0C5C281F7DA1F2F7FF05D" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="F543CCB047A78A05BEF01B8374132852" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mines are always round, 7 mm long and 5 mm wide on average (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="71E29AC3C375CD0B08498DB54509E5CB" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">11</figureCitation>
), mines of 
<taxonomicName id="D482C82AED7572FFB16E829F6D877206" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="9770EDAE24036BDD4E3E31EA413506B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are rather elongate and angular (Figs 
<figureCitation id="F0FFA4911F251EDC28A46B975078E7A2" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="A1764883EB08BE2537D971F3809821B9" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">10</figureCitation>
), average size 8 mm 
<normalizedToken id="9161DA20FBF9DCC2FD4FA49C20BD6F74" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm. The position of mines in leaflets is also different: mines of 
<taxonomicName id="F5308079194064DE2830ED61CE969FAB" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="AA1D4A56AD1F69A364C7A233A02F60C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are situated mostly close to the junction of the midrib and a lateral vein (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6BDF06E4E9C03ACCAAFFB7E3F3B3EB5E" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">13</figureCitation>
), while the mines of 
<taxonomicName id="F10B0A7E5B376723A7D4F7D7323AA1B7" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="1455EAFBA91D0A75BC141C58E394CA88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may occur throughout the leaflet (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="701AEB9533C72A04B4BDB42BAD2DA40A" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">12</figureCitation>
). Frass of the larva of 
<taxonomicName id="860CB2F04DA17839AC163D18C587EAD0" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="F249A7BB2B56F5430C2BDD263B2932EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is hidden under a small area of the upperside parenchyma of the leaflet, preserved by the larva (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="395797A019C41311BB3D130491A70D0D" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">11</figureCitation>
), in contrast to the frass of 
<taxonomicName id="B695F01816A9AF9CF346F06711ACC872" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="9E02D0238F7667E058FCF5A0BC5C157D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is visible from both sides because it is dispersed in the mine and no cover is preserved (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7368CA3AC4D43C8A40BD651F011CE8DA" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6465F8C31BC061DDA1A7D2F63BD8EA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
The body of the mature larva of 
<taxonomicName id="DC99F7722C7D7D422D65EC944CB8F8EB" lsidName="C. juglandiella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="5DD095E515F8888EC0ED143FE1D72775" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is off-white and its head, as well as the first two thoracic segments, are pale yellow (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9ED03FA63F19E5A6FA2585EDC7C8B05E" captionStart="Figures 14, 15" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 14, 15. Mature larvae of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 14. C. lucifluella, on J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 15. x. 2019. 15. C. juglandiella, on J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 29. viii. 2018. Photos by Attila Takacs. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures14-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400144" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">15</figureCitation>
) while the larva of 
<taxonomicName id="AC8EEE883B7F9D5CA2D44E636D92FE4F" lsidName="C. lucifluella" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="lucifluella">
<emphasis id="E3D31DBF7F91AFDF2B7E3B7B32D68267" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C. lucifluella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is monochromatic rusty brown (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="FC2F096B0F6937B0EFDF228FD4BF3AA9" captionStart="Figures 14, 15" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 14, 15. Mature larvae of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 14. C. lucifluella, on J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 15. x. 2019. 15. C. juglandiella, on J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 29. viii. 2018. Photos by Attila Takacs. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures14-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400144" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59AD6A02D53D36E1C117A4030677D6C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">We could not observe differences in the morphology of the cases or the pupae between the two species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4B2315B7316F3B540620AF8A03A85BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="host">
<paragraph id="D82812119EFCA9CCE16C7C257C4C24DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Morphology and recorded host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FF6EE24F078056FC54E67FFF8E1A3EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="E2BFFF5C0ECAB1B86616B5FE9D476B6D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Adult.</emphasis>
External characters (Figs 
<figureCitation id="E19A302FDCA8E55B055670D594D8FED3" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1C634041F7219CF4738DD4CEE0A812F3" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">3</figureCitation>
). Length of forewing 1.5-1.8 mm including fringe. Head silvery grey, rest of body dark silvery grey. Basal half of forewing silvery grey; two triangular patches present at distal thirds of costa and dorsum, these patches silvery white with black border at each side. Colour of the area between the silvery grey basal field and the patch at dorsum transitional from silvery grey to yellow in proximo-distal direction. Patch of dorsum narrow (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E10748096B86B8007780A6FE6B9F35A1" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. External morphology of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 1. Habitus of C. juglandiella male: Somogy county, Oereglak, reared from Juglans nigra (coll. Csaba Szaboky), 2. C. lucifluella female: Zala county, Zalaszentgrot, reared from Juglans regia (coll. HNHM). 3. Denuded right wings of C. juglandiella (TB 1903 f). 4. Denuded right wings of C. lucifluella (TB 1902 m). 1, 2: photo by Attila Takacs, 3, 4: photo by Balazs Toth. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400140" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A73294EFF64E5E4A5B185F4139F5C10" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
Genitalia. In the male genitalia the pectinifer has six sensilla on right valva and seven sensilla on left valva (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2CB5AB4EAE498918B2B3867BCB59B76E" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Coptodisca juglandiella from Hungary, Alsoszentivan, reared from Juglans nigra. 5 a. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 5 b. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 6 a. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 6 b. Female genitalia (data as 6 a). Photos by Ignac Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (5 a, 5 b, 6 b), 0.05 mm (6 a)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">5a, b</figureCitation>
). Phallus with two rows of anellar spines. Female genitalia with six oviscapt teeth: a pair of large ones anteriorly, posterior ones forming a broad, slightly indented apex (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="73C6693B2BA5DF41419576E7C990CFB6" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Coptodisca juglandiella from Hungary, Alsoszentivan, reared from Juglans nigra. 5 a. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 5 b. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 6 a. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 6 b. Female genitalia (data as 6 a). Photos by Ignac Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (5 a, 5 b, 6 b), 0.05 mm (6 a)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6a</figureCitation>
). Corpus bursae ovoid, apparently without either scobinations or signum (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6B4E1D839DD70A8CC9366163E0185991" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Coptodisca juglandiella from Hungary, Alsoszentivan, reared from Juglans nigra. 5 a. Enlarged region of uncus, tegumen and valvae of male genitalia, lateral view (GP 29763 IgR). 5 b. Ventral view of male genitalia (GP 29763 IgR). 6 a. Enlarged region of oviscapt of female genitalia (GP 29822 IgR). 6 b. Female genitalia (data as 6 a). Photos by Ignac Richter. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (5 a, 5 b, 6 b), 0.05 mm (6 a)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400141" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">6b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60C3DC9327966EA3B5F4119270E4D41F" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="1B7BAF22892712BA5B7FD3262FB6EEDC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Mine.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="427857A3CA1E24496F1D1C5C7D0E4F2E" baseAuthorityName="Chambers" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Coptodisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptodisca juglandiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="93450806C8562F2BCED2F7A18097AF41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Coptodisca juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prepares blotch mines (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3BE3924B40060BF13620399B5DA4886F" captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Blotch mines of Coptodisca species in Hungary. 9. Mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, frass dispersed. 10. Another mine of. C. lucifluella with larva, higher magnification than 9. Both mines on J. regia, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. 11. Mine of C. juglandiella with larva, frass covered by a small area of the upper parenchyma. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 21. v. 2018. 12. Vacated mines of C. lucifluella, scattered throughout the leaflet. On J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 14. x. 2019. 13. Vacated mines of C. juglandiella, close to midrib. On J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 19. viii. 2019. Photos by Miklos Bozso. Scale bars: 2 mm (9 - 11), 20 mm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400143" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">11</figureCitation>
) visible on both sides of the leaf. Mines are always situated between lateral veins and never traverse them. The shape of mines is always round, 7 mm long and 5 mm wide on average. Mines usually start close to the junction of the midrib and a lateral vein. This species preserves a small area of the upperside palisade parenchyma of the leaflet and hides all of its frass under this cover.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20FC1A3063BD0CF6AA2DEA8D40FD216B" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="BDBF79F1805E915A0D8BFE475F98A311" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Larva.</emphasis>
Body off-white, head and first two thoracic segments pale yellow (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C8CD02414F83EF83EAA9FEFB96B6B37C" captionStart="Figures 14, 15" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 14, 15. Mature larvae of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 14. C. lucifluella, on J. regia, Fejer county, Lovasbereny, 15. x. 2019. 15. C. juglandiella, on J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 29. viii. 2018. Photos by Attila Takacs. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures14-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400144" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8322A81AEEC52576CE241A03974260EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="389EDA3930FAF6F506FC71E8FD636295" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Case.</emphasis>
Prepared from an oval-shaped area of the leaflet, which is severed from the leaf by chewing the epidermis on both sides around this piece (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="26B5F6C97B3486630231A68C6F8A3B59" captionStart="Figures 16–19" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 16 - 19. Parasitoid wasp, cases and pupae of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 16. Unidentified Closterocerus Westwood, 1833 species, female, reared from C. juglandiella. Alcsutdoboz, 22. vi. 2018. 17. Pupa of C. lucifluella, in an opened case from J. regia, Zala county, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. Photo by Miklos Bozso. 18. Case with exuviae, C. juglandiella, from J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 29. viii. 2019. 19. Case just finished, C. lucifluella, on J. regia, Zala county, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. Photos by Attila Takacs. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (16 - 18), 5 mm (19)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures16-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400145" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">19</figureCitation>
). Then the oval plates are attached with silk along the edges, forming an oval-shaped shield, which is somewhat more elongate than the original leaf pieces, 2.9 mm long and 1.3 mm wide (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F7CE6468BB84F5C80AC6F2DFD9ACF8D6" captionStart="Figures 16–19" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 16 - 19. Parasitoid wasp, cases and pupae of Coptodisca species from Hungary. 16. Unidentified Closterocerus Westwood, 1833 species, female, reared from C. juglandiella. Alcsutdoboz, 22. vi. 2018. 17. Pupa of C. lucifluella, in an opened case from J. regia, Zala county, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. Photo by Miklos Bozso. 18. Case with exuviae, C. juglandiella, from J. nigra, Fejer county, Alcsutdoboz, 29. viii. 2019. 19. Case just finished, C. lucifluella, on J. regia, Zala county, Tornyiszentmiklos, 27. viii. 2017. Photos by Attila Takacs. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (16 - 18), 5 mm (19)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.38686.figures16-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/400145" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16ADD144BBC0AE45D542E596B837463B" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="6081ADE0D50C035DA178431EF40041F3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4F985F0638D749EAE19DB4893260500F" baseAuthorityName="Chambers" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Coptodisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptodisca juglandiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juglandiella">
<emphasis id="018F714369BF32AB1C5E0D1BBFDE9989" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Coptodisca juglandiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is usually found on 
<taxonomicName id="A66E78978110B47BB22F4F592A1CA150" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans nigra" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="7B4914EB831BEC28187FCB25EEE005C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Juglans nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Hungary, but we also found it on 
<taxonomicName id="5983F7672593934C75FBA4DCFA6AFFE2" lsidName="J. major" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis id="F5D423B83696C919C3C42979B9AF3CE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">J. major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6B4EAD7D289AD637B9E9FFFFECE158B1" lsidName="J. cinerea" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="cinerea">
<emphasis id="8E9BEF11B4F5CFB7F097633B92D101E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">J. cinerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(new hostplant records).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>