229 lines
27 KiB
XML
229 lines
27 KiB
XML
|
<document id="01EC99A0D18FBDBFAD8A390C5CA0928E" ID-CLB-Dataset="26050" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90d94000-38de-4ad3-ba7d-ec7cfb68df57" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3363862" ID-ZooBank="F0670C64-6341-4B21-9D31-7636E1C8D6F6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1565270779145" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sumod, K. S., Mohapatra, Anil, Sanjeevan, V. N., Kishor, T. G. & Bineesh, K. K." docDate="2019" docId="03F5AD263D52FFFA12A2FBA7B8E04E3B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4652.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4652 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gymnothorax smithi Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="362" masterDocId="FFCCD55E3D53FFF91235FFBAB9234C58" masterDocTitle="A new species of white-spotted moray eel, Gymnothorax smithi (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from deep waters of Arabian Sea, India" masterLastPageNumber="366" masterPageNumber="359" pageNumber="360" updateTime="1698749420352" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:mods id="7EAFF7AC9CB1A48D5BDBA4642DD178BE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="995A6F63D1DB231ECC33CE1C0509FB7E">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title id="ACA211A755786BC7BFF8DC73068F047D">A new species of white-spotted moray eel, Gymnothorax smithi (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from deep waters of Arabian Sea, India</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="7B70FFB6EBA8E1A719B5ECE6A4E5937D" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="0D5793C9E0BF8DBBC017BEC1C3F25445">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="AB5B4D13A35196231E29DA4146C46F56">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="A24BC276A5AE885BA1D71A9F92798E31">Sumod, K. S.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="015A377CF00AF92AFEF81DD1981CA226" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="04CE8F6F07AAB788CA4000D8A66E1AF9">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="3DD5429832CB91BF34F7FBE39C03E0D5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="D1E9A9FAAC2376854F4AE5AF1118935B">Mohapatra, Anil</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="5D516E210C358DD53C9261D1B81645BD" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="1D9D25CC09D0BFCA31F281EA829F2E3A">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="0A37398FB67001B6ED10EDE7109B8572">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="6A6BF1B78667AC408DE93BD08DA52054">Sanjeevan, V. N.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="49692C07C7F60F4B63E7FBCA68CE25AE" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="E23B971DA7C172DB4BD0213E41929E9D">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="BEAE79938451B650B127DE69FC6E8760">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="CD95FB291D76C99F2311BBAE3092744A">Kishor, T. G.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="25FA9E961FD64E64B1F6B06F0771D4E2" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="86241AC3A7EDC8FFF8424751364E5D6C">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="DE790A8C9B4AEC00C6246432F0F62550">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="619FFA5621DCB2ABE522162394509742">Bineesh, K. K.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="A47F330A1C8231524DD2FC374E676604">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="51F2424E31473CBE772A280739225726" type="host">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="D742A802E8F44BFF1C26152633CEDB34">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title id="37CD416164E2424AF1B140E9471E191A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:part id="E76D024C673820C24C202A50865F48BB">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:date id="24794D98C2F8FA50A0A205DE2FEFF706">2019</mods:date>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail id="CB7FC571CC8AE5F424763DB5463913FE" type="pubDate">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number id="0809BD1D0EB7161B88C9EA4EF9CF7989">2019-08-08</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail id="970D8DBD5B2DADFAF78ECC8D0457EFF6" type="volume">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number id="88DFEFD0490067F802B3F61F836E9381">4652</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail id="91C5239556D5A2922C853954F9B3E464" type="issue">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number id="017D229B319AF35D0D21ADE5DB96B924">2</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:extent id="6B574D0D13F7F205DE4E145D74A7C125" unit="page">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:start id="E1B7058FCDE787696411A612017D43CB">359</mods:start>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:end id="692476C4C716AF3EBDE4EBE691744EA4">366</mods:end>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:classification id="F02D4DC13A0444CFA9598A35A2CF935C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="AACC8D09F8FC25C8248F8CB6730BCC80" type="CLB-Dataset">26050</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="291DBBEB4963B0252BD5A12EAC6A9E56" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.8</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="E2849E3BC4F062AC8340DC3570FF8F42" type="GBIF-Dataset">90d94000-38de-4ad3-ba7d-ec7cfb68df57</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="379050D6BBD331921A2F1772C2CBE184" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="1E4E1F7245D7F3309BFAB510EFAFCE49" type="Zenodo-Dep">3363862</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="C5CDA8840C0322E42E34984CF739E055" type="ZooBank">F0670C64-6341-4B21-9D31-7636E1C8D6F6</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|||
|
|
<treatment id="03F5AD263D52FFFA12A2FBA7B8E04E3B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5690755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159044161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5690755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5AD263D52FFFA12A2FBA7B8E04E3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5AD263D52FFFA12A2FBA7B8E04E3B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3464FBB3D52FFF812A2FBA7BA354803" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812A2FBA7B8D5486F" blockId="1.[151,790,1053,1151]" box="[151,502,1053,1080]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0ABAB5C3D52FFF812A2FBA7B8D5486F" bold="true" box="[151,502,1053,1080]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" reason="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812A2FBA7B8D5486F" bold="true" box="[151,502,1053,1080]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5C67B33D52FFF812A2FBA7B8B24860" authority="Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh, 2019" authorityName="Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,401,1053,1080]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812A2FBA7B8B24860" bold="true" box="[151,401,1053,1080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Gymnothorax smithi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B7D593D52FFF813ACFBA7B8D5486F" box="[409,502,1053,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812A2FBFBBA354803" blockId="1.[151,790,1053,1151]" box="[151,790,1089,1115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Proposed common name: Indian white spotted moray eel</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3464FBB3D52FFF812A2FBDFB8514827" box="[151,370,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812A2FBDFB8514827" blockId="1.[151,790,1053,1151]" box="[151,370,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136700B53D52FFF812AAFBDFB8294827" box="[159,266,1125,1151]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1983,2008]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,2017,2042]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1732,1757]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,815,840]" captionTargetBox-0="[180,1391,501,1928]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1397,1450,1969]" captionTargetBox-2="[474,1128,216,1690]" captionTargetBox-3="[168,1423,357,781]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[167,1420,486,1964]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[190,1397,1417,1998]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[433,1154,181,1712]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[151,1435,342,793]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov., A. holotype from Arabian Sea, India (CMLRE IO/SS/FIS/00452; 342 mm TL). Photograph of preserved specimen; B. paratype (EBRC/ZSI/F11228; 362 mm TL)" captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Lateral view of head pores of holotype of Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Dentition of upper jaw and lower jaw of holotype of Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov (circles represent tooth sockets where teeth missing)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Lateral head portion of paratype (EBRC/ZSI/F11228; 362 mm TL) showing the spot pattern." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3363864/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3363866/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3363868/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3363870/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6DE298B3D52FFF81323FBDFB8444827" box="[278,359,1125,1151]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,658,682]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Characters of Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF234CB83D50FFFA12A2FD28BBFE4EF3" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" tableUuid="DF234CB83D50FFFA12A2FD28BBFE4EF3">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3464FBB3D52FFFA12A2FB17B8E04E3B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812A2FB17BC2848B4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B34166D3D52FFF812A2FB17BC2848B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313475191" collectingDate="2011-08" collectionCode="CMLRE, IO, FORV, HSDT" country="India" elevation="200" latitude="9.998917" location="Kochi, India" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="75.60143" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812A2FB17B828489F" bold="true" box="[151,267,1197,1223]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D52FFF812A2FB17B825489F" box="[151,262,1197,1223]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4D84F53D52FFF81324FB17B852489F" box="[273,369,1197,1223]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">CMLRE</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4D84F53D52FFF8134DFB16B8B6489F" box="[376,405,1196,1223]" country="Portugal" name="Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade de Lisboa" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">IO</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
/SS/FIS/00452 (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF8107DFB17BB85489F" box="[584,678,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="342.0">342 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
TL),
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="0071FB033D52FFF810D6FB17BA4E489F" box="[739,877,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="m" value="200.0">
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF810D6FB17BA0A489F" box="[739,809,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
depth
|
|||
|
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
off
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F34B5CA03D52FFF811AFFB17BD06489F" box="[922,1061,1197,1223]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Kochi, India</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE687AF73D52FFF81606FB16BDEB489F" box="[1075,1224,1196,1223]" degrees="09" direction="north" minutes="59.935" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" precision="1" value="9.998917">09°59.935’N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE687AF73D52FFF816E6FB16BC41489F" box="[1235,1378,1196,1223]" degrees="75" direction="east" minutes="36.086" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" precision="1" value="75.60143">75°36.086’E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
) collected on-board
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4D84F53D52FFF81378FB6BB8B648B3" box="[333,405,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">FORV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF813A9FB6BBB6D48B3" box="[412,590,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Sagar Sampada</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
during
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFA6C3183D52FFF81091FB6BBA1548B3" box="[676,822,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" value="2011-08">
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFE23AF03D52FFF81091FB6BBA1548B3" box="[676,822,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" value="2011-08">August 2011</date>
|
|||
|
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
, by
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4D84F53D52FFF81151FB6BBA8E48B3" box="[868,941,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">HSDT</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
(High Speed Demersal Trawl).
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812F2FB4FBA60496B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B34166D3D52FFF812F2FB4FBA1C496B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2313475190" collectionCode="EBRC" county="Neendakara" location="November" municipality="Kollam" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812F2FB4FB8654957" bold="true" box="[199,326,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D52FFF812F2FB4FB8624957" box="[199,321,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4D84F53D52FFF8137AFB4FB8BB4957" box="[335,408,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">EBRC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
/ZSI/F 11228 (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF81075FB4FBB824957" box="[576,673,1269,1295]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="362.0">362 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
TL); ZSI/ANRC-22842 (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF811F0FB4EBD064957" box="[965,1061,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="615.0">615 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
TL), collected from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="628264BC3D52FFF81722FB4FBCBE4957" box="[1303,1437,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Neendakara</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
fish landing centre,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87864A3D52FFF81343FAA3B8EE496B" box="[374,461,1305,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Kollam</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="4998D2D23D52FFF813EDFAA3BB06496B" box="[472,549,1305,1331]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, during
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8E834AEB3D52FFF810B5FAA3BBDB496B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5AD263D52FFFA12A2FBA7B8E04E3B:8E834AEB3D52FFF810B5FAA3BBDB496B" box="[640,760,1305,1331]" county="Neendakara" municipality="Kollam" name="November" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" stateProvince="Kerala">November</location>
|
|||
|
|
, 2018
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812F2FA86B88049BF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812F2FA86B861490F" bold="true" box="[199,322,1340,1367]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
A moderate sized moray eel of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5C67B33D52FFF8112BFA87BA9B490F" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[798,952,1341,1367]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF8112BFA87BA9B490F" box="[798,952,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Gymnothorax</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
with the following combination of characters: greyish brown colour overlain with small irregular white spots; anus slightly behind mid-point of body; head broad with short jaws; snout tip blunt and short; eyes small and closer to rictus than to snout tip; pointed and serrated teeth; vomerine teeth uniserial anteriorly, biserial centrally and uniserial posteriorly; 1–2 branchial pores; vertebral count 3–5 /57/130–132.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812F2FA4ABC1C4A0B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D52FFF812F2FA4AB87A4A53" bold="true" box="[199,345,1520,1547]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Description.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Morphometric data of
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D52FFF8106AFA4BBBE24A53" box="[607,705,1521,1547]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(in mm): total length 342; pre-anal length 182; pre-dorsal length 34; head length 57; snout length 9.3; eye diameter 4.5; interorbital 7.3; interbranchial 13; gill opening 5.7; depth at gill 27.6; depth at dorsal-fin origin 32; depth at anus 15; upper jaw length 19.8, and lower jaw length 19.3.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFF812F2F9E7BBF24B2B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
A moderate sized eel with cylindrical to laterally compressed head and laterally compressed tail (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136700B53D52FFF816CFF9E7BC194A2F" box="[1274,1338,1629,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1983,2008]" captionTargetBox="[180,1391,501,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1420,486,1964]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov., A. holotype from Arabian Sea, India (CMLRE IO/SS/FIS/00452; 342 mm TL). Photograph of preserved specimen; B. paratype (EBRC/ZSI/F11228; 362 mm TL)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363864/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal fin. Dorsal fin commences before gill opening and its distance to snout tip is 8.4–10 times in TL. Anal fin-origin immediately behind anus. Anus located slightly behind mid-body, pre-anal distance is
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF81322F973B8864ABB" box="[279,421,1737,1763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7117" metricValueMax="4.7752" metricValueMin="4.6482" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="in" value="1.855" valueMax="1.88" valueMin="1.83">1.83–1.88 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
TL. Head broad and gently sloping towards snout, 5.5–6.0 in TL. Snout blunt and short,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF812A2F957B8294B5F" box="[151,266,1773,1799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" metricValueMax="1.7526" metricValueMin="1.5493999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="in" value="6.5" valueMax="6.9" valueMin="6.1">6.1–6.9 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
HL. Upper jaw and lower jaw are almost equal. All teeth concealed when mouth closed. Tongue well attached the floor of mouth. Eyes small, covered by membrane and closer to snout tip than rictus, eye diameter
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D52FFF812A2F88FB8074B17" box="[151,292,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2765999999999997" metricValueMax="3.3274" metricValueMin="3.2257999999999996" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" unit="in" value="12.899999999999999" valueMax="13.1" valueMin="12.7">12.7–13.1 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
HL. Anterior nostril tubular at lateral side of tip of snout and posterior nostril above anterior margin of eye. Gill opening a diagonal slit at mid-body level.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D52FFFB12F2F8C7BD0F4CA3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1196,2016]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,467]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">
|
|||
|
|
Head pores (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136700B53D52FFF81360F8C7B8BA4BCF" box="[341,409,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,2017,2042]" captionTargetBox="[214,1397,1450,1969]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[190,1397,1417,1998]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral view of head pores of holotype of Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363866/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) small but discernable. Two branchial pores located below dorsal-fin origin well before gill opening and closer to dorsal-fin origin than gill opening in
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D52FFF81104F81BBAB04BE3" box="[817,915,1953,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(both
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D52FFF811E8F81BBD6B4BE3" box="[989,1096,1953,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="360" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
have a single branchial pore); three supra-orbital pores, first (ethmoid) pore at tip of snout above lip, second above base of anterior nostril, third between anterior and posterior nostrils; four infraorbital pores, first pore just behind base of anterior nostril, second between anterior nostril and anterior margin of eye, third below anterior margin of eye, and fourth after posterior margin of eye; six mandibular pores, first five before rictus and fifth below rictus.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D51FFFB12F2FEBFBB014D8B" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
|
|||
|
|
Teeth (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136700B53D51FFFB1323FEBFB8794D47" box="[278,346,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1732,1757]" captionTargetBox="[474,1128,216,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[433,1154,181,1712]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dentition of upper jaw and lower jaw of holotype of Gymnothorax smithi sp. nov (circles represent tooth sockets where teeth missing)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363868/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) in jaws serrated and uniserial except in vomer and anterior dentary. Maxillary and mandibular teeth conical and sharp, vomerine teeth blunt and smaller. Intermaxillary teeth 6 on both sides, followed by 9 maxillary teeth on both sides, median intermaxillary teeth 2, inner maxillary teeth 1 on each side, just before vomerine teeth. Vomer with 4 uniserial teeth anteriorly, followed by 4 biserial teeth and 3 uniserial teeth posteriorly. Mandibular teeth 17 on each side, anterior 4 teeth a little enlarged with 4 smaller outer teeth on each side, remaining teeth decreasing in size posteriorly.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF234CB83D51FFFB12A2F805BA924BA4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363864/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" startId="2.[151,250,1983,2008]" targetBox="[180,1391,501,1928]" targetPageId="2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D51FFFB12A2F805BA924BA4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1983,2044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D51FFFB12A2F805B8314B8F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1983,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5C67B33D51FFFB132DF805B8CB4B8F" authority="Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh, 2019" authorityName="Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh" authorityYear="2019" box="[280,488,1983,2007]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D51FFFB132DF805B8CB4B8F" box="[280,488,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Gymnothorax smithi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B7D593D51FFFB13D8F87ABB1E4B80" box="[493,573,1984,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D51FFFB13D8F87ABB1E4B80" bold="true" box="[493,573,1984,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, A. holotype from Arabian Sea, India (CMLRE IO/SS/FIS/00452; 342 mm TL). Photograph of preserved specimen; B. paratype (EBRC/ZSI/F11228; 362 mm TL)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D50FFFA12F2FF23B8474DF7" blockId="3.[151,1436,153,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D50FFFA12F2FF23B8BC4CEB" box="[199,415,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Colour in formalin</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. Body greyish brown overlain with white spots of irregular shape. Snout, lower jaw and ventral portion of body pale. The white spots comparatively smaller in head region than body (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136700B53D50FFFA16F6FF07BC2A4C8F" box="[1219,1289,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,815,840]" captionTargetBox="[168,1423,357,781]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,342,793]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lateral head portion of paratype (EBRC/ZSI/F11228; 362 mm TL) showing the spot pattern." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363870/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In enlarged view under microscope, there are small brown pigmentation spots inside the white spots. Margin of gill opening with similar brown pigmentation. Spots very small and more closely spaced in head region and becoming large and more widely spaced posteriorly, tail end is almost devoid of spots with dusky greyish brown colour. Dorsal fin greyish brown overlain with white spots similar to those on body. Anal fin dusky greyish brown with few isolated spots. Caudal fin ends with small white margin, visible only on close inspection. Mouth white in colour overlain with grey patches.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D50FFFA12F2FE02BC634DAF" blockId="3.[151,1436,153,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D50FFFA12F2FE02B8424D8B" bold="true" box="[199,353,440,467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Presently known only from three type specimens collected by demersal trawl off
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="4998D2D23D50FFFA173DFE03BC704D8B" box="[1288,1363,441,467]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
coast, southeastern Arabian Sea,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F34B5CA03D50FFFA13F5FE67B8D94DAF" box="[448,506,477,503]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">India</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
at about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA4B1D53D50FFFA1054FE67BB8B4DAF" box="[609,680,477,503]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="362" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
depth (on the basis of
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D50FFFA119BFE67BD304DAF" box="[942,1043,477,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
, not known for
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E7A2923D50FFFA16F1FE67BC164DAF" box="[1220,1333,477,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE31C303D50FFFA12F2FDBBB8E04E3B" blockId="3.[151,1436,153,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D50FFFA12F2FDBBB86D4E43" bold="true" box="[199,334,513,539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
We are pleased to name this species as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5C67B33D50FFFA1122FDBBBADE4E43" authorityName="Sumod & Mohapatra & Sanjeevan & Kishor & Bineesh" authorityYear="2019" box="[791,1021,513,539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="362" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B928C0223D50FFFA1122FDBBBADE4E43" box="[791,1021,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">Gymnothorax smithi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in honor of David G. Smith,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F34B5CA03D50FFFA1765FDBBB9F94E67" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="362">United States</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
National Museum, an eminent eel expert who has contributed significantly to the knowledge and understanding of Anguilliform fishes.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|