treatments-xml/data/03/C2/87/03C287E8FFB2FF83FF4BFAB8FB93E5C9.xml

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<mods:title id="917D84DD80F92597C3BA49A91F155BBC">Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C5EE459EEA5BDA8E2B641B53FCEC0E9">Calvo-Revuelta, Marta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="02C6D1547DB69B5F769A74F0BF36550C">Riva, Ignacio De La</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FF4BFAB8FD3FE70D" ID-CoL="8GPZP" authority="(Bennett, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[151,650,1317,1344]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BFAB8FD3FE70D" bold="true" box="[151,650,1317,1344]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BFAB8FE71E772" bold="true" box="[151,452,1317,1344]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mecistops leptorhynchus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FE0FFAB8FD34E70D" author="Bennett, E. T." box="[467,641,1317,1343]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="128 - 132" refId="ref70588" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1835) Crocodilus leptorhynchus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1835, 128 - 132." type="journal article" year="1835">Bennett, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3716575FFB2FF83FF4BFAD4FEBCE751" box="[151,265,1353,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD436FEFFB2FF83FF4BFAD4FEBCE751" blockId="16.[151,650,1317,1379]" box="[151,265,1353,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="13502A7BFFB2FF83FF4BFAD4FEBCE751" box="[151,265,1353,1379]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@20.[154,1432,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Mecistops leptorhynchus (specimen photographed from Agouma River, Lambaréné, Gabon). Photo IDlR. B) Osteolaemus tetraspis (Lake Atoc, Monte Alén National Park). Photo: IDlR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7285625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7285625/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD436FEFFB2FF83FF4BFA13FBE2E7D1" blockId="16.[151,1436,1422,1538]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10EFFFB2FF83FF4BFA13FDD9E794" author="Bennett, E. T." box="[151,620,1422,1446]" page="129" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1835">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FF4BFA13FDD9E794" ID-CoL="88DQM" authority="Bennett, 1835: 129" authorityName="Bennett" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,620,1422,1446]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BFA13FE28E794" box="[151,413,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Crocodilus leptorhynchus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FE79FA13FDD9E794" author="Bennett, E. T." box="[421,620,1422,1446]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="128 - 132" refId="ref70588" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1835) Crocodilus leptorhynchus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1835, 128 - 132." type="journal article" year="1835">Bennett, 1835: 129</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality: “apud 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FC93FA13FC66E794" box="[847,979,1422,1446]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fernando Po</collectingCountry>
” (near Bioko; no populations of this species are known in Bioko). 
<typeStatus id="54D0885CFFB2FF83FE7EFA31FDB5E7F6" box="[418,512,1452,1476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
likely originated from Central Africa and shipped to 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FBC9FA31FBDCE7F6" box="[1045,1129,1452,1476]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">England</collectingCountry>
(where the type is housed) via Bioko (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FECEFA56FE66E7D1" author="Shirley, M. H. &amp; Carr, A. N. &amp; Nestler, J. H. &amp; Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A." box="[274,467,1483,1507]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="151 - 193" refId="ref89073" refString="Shirley, M. H., Carr, A. N., Nestler, J. H., Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A. (2018) Systematic revision of the living African slendersnouted crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844). Zootaxa, 4504 (2), 151 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4504.2.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Shirley 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FEBFFA51FE22E7D1" box="[355,407,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Type locality corrected to Central Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FC57FA56FBF9E7D1" author="Shirley, M. H. &amp; Carr, A. N. &amp; Nestler, J. H. &amp; Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A." box="[907,1100,1483,1507]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="151 - 193" refId="ref89073" refString="Shirley, M. H., Carr, A. N., Nestler, J. H., Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A. (2018) Systematic revision of the living African slendersnouted crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844). Zootaxa, 4504 (2), 151 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4504.2.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Shirley 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FC00FA51FBBAE7D1" box="[988,1039,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7B11D0FFB2FF83FF4BFA77FC8EE430" box="[151,827,1514,1538]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FF4BFA77FD88E430" ID-CoL="8GPZP" authority="(Bennett, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[151,573,1514,1538]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BFA77FE26E430" box="[151,403,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mecistops leptorhynchus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FE7DFA77FD80E430" author="Bennett, E. T." box="[417,565,1514,1538]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="128 - 132" refId="ref70588" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1835) Crocodilus leptorhynchus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1835, 128 - 132." type="journal article" year="1835">Bennett, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10EFFFB2FF83FD9AFA77FC8DE430" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5959834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5959834" author="Shirley, M. H. &amp; Carr, A. N. &amp; Nestler, J. H. &amp; Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A." box="[582,824,1514,1538]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/607187CEFFD6FFBA46C4F8B630F6BB50" page="151" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FD9AFA77FC8DE430" author="Shirley, M. H. &amp; Carr, A. N. &amp; Nestler, J. H. &amp; Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A." box="[582,824,1514,1538]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="151 - 193" refId="ref89073" refString="Shirley, M. H., Carr, A. N., Nestler, J. H., Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A. (2018) Systematic revision of the living African slendersnouted crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844). Zootaxa, 4504 (2), 151 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4504.2.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Shirley 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FD4AFA76FD7CE430" box="[662,713,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2018: 151
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</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3716575FFB2FF83FF4BF9ADFBC4E484" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD436FEFFB2FF83FF4BF9ADFBC4E484" blockId="16.[151,1437,1584,2043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BF9ADFE84E478" bold="true" box="[151,305,1584,1610]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
It is widespread throughout Central Africa, from 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FC96F9ADFC20E478" box="[842,917,1584,1610]" name="Gabon" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gabon</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FC6FF9ADFB9DE478" box="[947,1064,1584,1610]" name="Cameroon" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
and the 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FB5CF9ADFA2DE478" box="[1152,1432,1584,1610]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
, eastward to 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FEC2F9C9FE36E45C" box="[286,387,1620,1646]" name="Tanzania" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FE66F9C9FDA6E45C" box="[442,531,1620,1646]" name="Zambia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zambia</collectingCountry>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FDE0F9C9FCBCE45C" box="[572,777,1620,1646]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
it occurs in 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FC48F9C9FBB4E45C" box="[916,1025,1620,1646]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Río Muni</collectingCountry>
at Monte Alén National Park (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FA85F9C9FEA1E4A0" author="Lasso, C. A. &amp; Rial, A. I. &amp; Castroviejo, J. &amp; De la Riva, I." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="21 - 34" refId="ref81678" refString="Lasso, C. A., Rial, A. I., Castroviejo, J. &amp; De la Riva, I. (2002) Herpetofauna del Parque Nacional de Monte Alen (Rio Muni, Guinea Ecuatorial). Graellsia, 58, 21 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2002. v 58. i 2.276" type="journal article" year="2002">
Lasso 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF4BF9E4FF65E4A0" box="[151,208,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
). Indirect signs of this species were also found in Monte Mitra at Monte Alén National Park (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FAF0F9E5FEF5E485" author="Gonwouo, N. L. &amp; Nsang, A." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="32 - 49" refId="ref78060" refString="Gonwouo, N. L. &amp; Nsang, A. (2005) An assessment of the reptiles and amphibians of the Monte Mitra forest, Monte Alen National Park. In: Sunderland, T. C. H. (Ed.), A Biodiversity Assessment of the Monte Mitra Forest, Monte Alen National Park, Equatorial Guinea. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., pp. 32 - 49." type="book chapter" year="2005">Gonwouo &amp; Nsang 2005</bibRefCitation>
); the only specimen examined by us is from coastal 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FC54F901FC41E484" box="[904,1012,1692,1718]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Río Muni</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13502A7BFFB2FF83FBDFF901FBD6E484" box="[1027,1123,1692,1718]" captionStart="MAPS 1" captionStartId="17.[151,223,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,192,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="MAPS 1 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Mecistops leptorhynchus; (B) Osteolaemus tetraspis; (C) Pelusios gabonensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7304627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7304627/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Map 1A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3716575FFB2FF83FF1BF95DFB93E5C9" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD436FEFFB2FF83FF1BF95DFEE1E5E4" blockId="16.[151,1437,1584,2043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF1BF95DFEFAE4E8" bold="true" box="[199,335,1728,1754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Comments.</emphasis>
Previously known as 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FD90F95CFC40E4E9" authority="Cuvier, 1825" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1825" box="[588,1013,1728,1755]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FD90F95CFCE2E4E8" box="[588,855,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
Cuvier, 1825
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FBDEF95DFB52E4E8" author="Shirley, M. H. &amp; Carr, A. N. &amp; Nestler, J. H. &amp; Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A." box="[1026,1255,1728,1754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="151 - 193" refId="ref89073" refString="Shirley, M. H., Carr, A. N., Nestler, J. H., Vliet, K. A. &amp; Brochu, C. A. (2018) Systematic revision of the living African slendersnouted crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844). Zootaxa, 4504 (2), 151 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4504.2.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Shirley 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FB87F95CFB21E4E8" box="[1115,1172,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
(2018)
</bibRefCitation>
recognized two species within 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FE9DF978FE4FE4CC" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1825" box="[321,506,1764,1790]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FE9DF978FE4FE4CC" box="[321,506,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Consequently, they resurrected 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FCB3F978FB86E4CC" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[879,1075,1764,1790]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FCB3F978FB86E4CC" box="[879,1075,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid species from Central Africa, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FE8BF894FDA7E510" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1825" box="[343,530,1800,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FE8BF894FDA7E510" box="[343,530,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains restricted to western Africa. There are no known populations of this species in Bioko. Although reports of large-sized crocodilians on the beaches of Bioko have been mentioned (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FF43F8CDFEF1E559" author="Bocage, J. V. B." box="[159,324,1872,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref70929" refString="Bocage, J. V. B. (1895 a) Subsidios para a fauna da Ilha de Fernao do Po. Jornal de Sciencias Mathematicas, Physicas e Naturaes, Segunda Serie, 4 (13), 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1895">Bocage 1895a</bibRefCitation>
), they were probably the result of accidental dispersal from the Central African mainland (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FAE3F8CDFF55E5BC" author="Mertens, R." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="211 - 238" refId="ref84765" refString="Mertens, R. (1964 a) Die Reptilien von Fernando Poo. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 15, 211 - 238." type="journal article" year="1964">Mertens 1964a</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D7DFFB2FF83FF29F8E8FDBBE5BC" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[245,526,1908,1934]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF29F8E8FDBBE5BC" box="[245,526,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mecistops leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is harvested as bush-meat for local consumption in 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FBB5F8E9FB62E5BC" box="[1129,1239,1908,1934]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Río Muni</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13502A7BFFB2FF83FB34F8E9FAE9E5BC" box="[1256,1372,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@20.[154,1432,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Mecistops leptorhynchus (specimen photographed from Agouma River, Lambaréné, Gabon). Photo IDlR. B) Osteolaemus tetraspis (Lake Atoc, Monte Alén National Park). Photo: IDlR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7285625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7285625/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FF4BF805FF56E580" box="[151,227,1944,1970]" name="Gabon" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gabon</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FF27F805FE2AE580" author="Fa, J. E. &amp; Juste, J. &amp; Burn, R. W. &amp; Broad, G." box="[251,415,1944,1970]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="397 - 416" refId="ref76736" refString="Fa, J. E., Juste, J., Burn, R. W. &amp; Broad, G. (2002) Bushmeat consumption and preferences of two ethnic groups in Bioko Island, West Africa. Human Ecology, 30 (3), 397 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1016524703607" type="journal article" year="2002">
Fa 
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FEFDF804FEEFE580" box="[289,346,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
). In 1964, during a visit to 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FD08F805FCF1E580" box="[724,836,1944,1970]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Río Muni</collectingCountry>
, the zoologist J.A. Valverde noted its low abundance (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B0FFFB2FF83FF42F821FEFDE5E4" author="Valverde, J. A." box="[158,328,1980,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref91271" refString="Valverde, J. A. (2004) Memorias de un Biologo Heterodoxo. III. Sahara, Guinea, Marruecos; Expediciones Africanas. Editorial Quercus V &amp; V, Madrid, 272 pp." type="book" year="2004">Valverde 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436FEFFB2FF83FF1BF87DFB93E5C9" blockId="16.[151,1437,1584,2043]" box="[199,1062,2016,2043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B91FEAECFFB2FF83FF1BF87DFE73E5C8" bold="true" box="[199,454,2016,2042]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
One specimen. 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FDA7F87DFD5EE5C8" box="[635,747,2016,2042]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Río Muni</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F37C766EFFB2FF83FD2AF87DFC88E5C8" box="[758,829,2016,2042]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mbini</collectingCountry>
, 1985 (EBD 25129).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>