1118 lines
165 KiB
XML
1118 lines
165 KiB
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<document id="C6468BB51B0CC3C7060D6B45B971AF24" ID-CLB-Dataset="3247" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00214.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b4675f38-e743-4eb8-b5ae-f92b60367f05" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687379" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618408991625" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ishida, S., Kotov, A. A. & Taylor, D. J." docDate="2006" docId="03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.146.385-405.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (3)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00214.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Daphnia tanakai, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="403" masterDocId="FF89FFAF0848FF8BFFD8221BFC3D7056" masterDocTitle="A new divergent lineage of Daphnia (Cladocera: Anomopoda) and its morphological and genetical differentiation from Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann, 1887" masterLastPageNumber="405" masterPageNumber="385" pageNumber="397" updateTime="1698936398406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C56452E21CFC42480568D0F78E52F94A">A new divergent lineage of Daphnia (Cladocera: Anomopoda) and its morphological and genetical differentiation from Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann, 1887</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E8ACF09485A86652251BA77BC22AD2D4">Ishida, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7952ABA348A7ED5EE5CF37D8722CDE47">Kotov, A. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="37E20DBDF96E56540D6998E1CD692164">Taylor, D. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BD348D29E221ACE185B22440CA197988">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CE6B31558A7DA22A3C853080507F6A36">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9442FC7F82F87B25CA974B5165C8AA83">
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<mods:date id="58DB99F9ED2A6A47E95A6D2EC0434F8C">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="26C8FB2295B4FE341F5CC356F9970C82">2006-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DA8FA64CB32EFAE91F0B3A6385F60694">146</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0B2B9CCC539ADDC8723D6591589CB932" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="ADEA3CA3D9B4FF765BB4FD5E015A4038">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="49FF15DB443C0DD5A239E2D0B648F39A">385</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="145986B51409F302717E71588E6C7916">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D9212045EDEEDC6860B7C414904101A3" type="CLB-Dataset">3247</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9A723AAE2160A70816241E792CFA4E31" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00214.x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5736167" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190873924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5736167" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
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<subSection id="E2962F2A0844FF9AFEDD22D9FFBA7105" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="multiple">
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<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF87FEDD22D9FE43708C" box="[261,638,194,218]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FEDD22D9FE43708C" blockId="12.[261,638,194,218]" box="[261,638,194,218]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
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<heading id="D0EE81AD0844FF87FEDD22D9FE43708C" box="[261,638,194,218]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" reason="4">
|
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(2)
|
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FEF522D9FE43708C" bold="true" box="[301,638,194,218]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
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|
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FEF522D9FE36708F" ID-CoL="345CT" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" box="[301,523,194,218]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">DAPHNIA TANAKAI</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80844FF87FDC522DDFE43708C" box="[541,638,194,218]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF87FF5622F0FD4C71EF" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="reference_group">
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5622F0FD007148" blockId="12.[142,758,235,441]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FF5622F0FDEB7157" ID-CoL="6CCT2" authority="Scourfield" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[142,470,235,257]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF5622F0FD607156" box="[142,349,235,256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Daphnia ambigua</emphasis>
|
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Scourfield
|
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|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
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in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300844FF87FE2222F0FCEF7149" author="Ueno M & Tanaka M" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" pagination="293 - 306" refId="ref14074" refString="Ueno M, Tanaka M. 1960. The daphnid inhabiting the alpine lakes of Mt. Tateyama. Japanese Journal of Limnology 21: 293 - 306 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1960">Uèno & Tanaka, 1960: 296</bibRefCitation>
|
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, figs 1, 2.
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562333FE72712D" blockId="12.[142,758,235,441]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FF562333FDC67168" ID-CoL="6CD4R" authority="Eylmann" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[142,507,296,318]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
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|
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF562333FDBE7168" box="[142,387,296,318]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Daphnia curvirostris</emphasis>
|
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|
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Eylmann
|
|||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
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in
|
|||
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<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300844FF87FDF62333FDBD710B" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga, 1986: 35–42</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
, figs 2–7;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300844FF87FE21235CFECF710B" author="Tanaka S" box="[505,754,327,349]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref13771" refString="Tanaka S. 1997. Notes on the Cladocera of Japan - 4. Family Daphniidae Straus, 1820 - 2. Genus Daphnia, subgenus Daphnia. Memoirs of the Faculty of Education Toyama University, Series B, Natural Sciences 49: 55 - 66 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1997">Tanaka, 1997: 57–58</bibRefCitation>
|
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, fig. 3;
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300844FF87FF33237EFD8F712C" author="Tanaka S" box="[235,434,357,379]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" pagination="29 - 34" refId="ref13823" refString="Tanaka S. 1998. Microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) of Ryushou-ike Pond located in the central part of the Hida Mountain Range. Bulletin of the Toyama Biology Society 37: 29 - 34 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1998">Tanaka, 1998: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
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, fig. 1(A), (B).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
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<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF56239FFD4C71EF" blockId="12.[142,758,235,441]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
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Not
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FF1F239FFECC71CC" authority="Ishikawa, 1895" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1895" box="[199,753,388,410]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whitmanni">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF1F239FFD8A71CF" box="[199,439,388,409]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Daphnia whitmanni</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300844FF87FE1E239FFECC71CC" author="Ishikawa C" box="[454,753,388,410]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" pagination="47 - 54" refId="ref13036" refString="Ishikawa C. 1895. Phyllopod Crustacea of Japan. Daphnia whitmani. Zoological Magazine of Tokyo 7: 47 - 54." type="journal article" year="1895">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230844FF87FE1E239FFE0C71CC" box="[454,561,388,410]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
|
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, 1895: 147–153
|
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|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
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, plate 22, figs 1–5.
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
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<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF87FF5623E5FE177227" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5623E5FD3F7245" blockId="12.[142,757,510,625]" box="[142,258,510,531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF5623E5FD3F7245" box="[142,258,510,531]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Etymology</emphasis>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562006FE177227" blockId="12.[142,757,510,625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">This species is dedicated to Dr S. Tanaka, renowned Japanese cladocerologist, who found this species and supplied us with a part of material.</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF87FF5620ACFE7F76ED" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5620ACFD26729D" blockId="12.[142,758,694,901]" box="[142,283,694,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF5620ACFD26729D" box="[142,283,694,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FF5620ACFCFF729A" box="[142,194,695,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Type</typeStatus>
|
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locality
|
|||
|
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</emphasis>
|
|||
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5620CEFDE073D3" blockId="12.[142,758,694,901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B713C9C0844FF87FF5620CEFDE473D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412608304" collectingDate="2004-08-30" collectorName="The & S. Tanaka" country="Japan" county="This" elevation="157" latitude="36.5775" location="Lake" municipality="Honshu Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EC6601A0844FF87FF5620CEFCFA72BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E:8EC6601A0844FF87FF5620CEFCFA72BD" box="[142,199,725,747]" country="Japan" county="This" latitude="36.5775" municipality="Honshu Island" name="Lake" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Lake</location>
|
|||
|
|
Midori-ga-ike,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EC6601A0844FF87FE5820CEFEB672BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E:8EC6601A0844FF87FE5820CEFEB672BD" box="[384,651,725,747]" country="Japan" county="This" latitude="36.5775" municipality="Honshu Island" name="Hida Mountain Range" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Hida Mountain Range</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC2ACBB0844FF87FD4420CEFCE5735C" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Honshu Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510844FF87FF3420EFFD09735F" box="[236,308,756,777]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62C74E4D0844FF87FE9F20EFFD47735C" box="[327,378,756,778]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">This</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
is a medium-sized (maximum length
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FF322108FD0E737E" box="[234,307,787,809]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="157.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="0034D1F20844FF87FF322108FD0E737E" box="[234,307,787,809]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="157.0">157 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), shallow (maximum depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FD782108FED2737E" box="[672,751,787,809]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="1.65">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="0034D1F20844FF87FD782108FED2737E" box="[672,751,787,809]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="1.65">1.65 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) mountain lake located at
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="0034D1F20844FF87FE0D212AFEC87311" box="[469,757,817,839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="2430.0">
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FE0D212AFE147311" box="[469,553,817,839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="2430.0">2430 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
above sea level
|
|||
|
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D50060844FF87FF4E214BFD247333" box="[150,281,847,870]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" precision="15" seconds="39" value="36.5775">36°34′39″N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D50060844FF87FEF9214BFDA07330" box="[289,413,847,870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">137°36′1″Ε</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26EC53170844FF87FE68214BFDE17330" box="[432,476,848,870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">The</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FE3A214BFE2E7333" box="[482,531,848,869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series was collected on
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA710010844FF87FF6A2174FD0A73D3" box="[178,311,879,901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" value="2004-08-30">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFE3E9E90844FF87FF6A2174FD0A73D3" box="[178,311,879,901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" value="2004-08-30">30 viii.2004</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
by
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26EC53170844FF87FEBB2174FDE473D3" box="[355,473,879,901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">S. Tanaka</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5621D1FCD27389" blockId="12.[142,758,970,1085]" box="[142,239,970,991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF5621D1FCD27389" box="[142,239,970,991]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FF5621D1FCD27389" box="[142,239,970,991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5621F2FD8F746B" blockId="12.[142,758,970,1085]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B713C9C0844FF87FF5621F2FD8F746B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412608303" country="Japan" location="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokyo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|||
|
|
One female (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FEF921F2FD4A73A9" box="[289,375,1001,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in body length), deposited at the National Science Museum,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230844FF87FE012613FE227448" box="[473,543,1032,1054]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510844FF87FDF72613FE4B744B" box="[559,630,1032,1053]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, catalogue number NSMT-Cr 16117.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562699FCD574C1" blockId="12.[142,756,1154,1238]" box="[142,232,1154,1175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF562699FCD574C1" box="[142,232,1154,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FF562699FCD574C1" box="[142,232,1154,1175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5626BAFEF07480" blockId="12.[142,756,1154,1238]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B713C9C0844FF87FF5626BAFEF07480" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412608301" country="Japan" location="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokyo" typeStatus="allotype">
|
|||
|
|
One male, deposited at the National Science Museum,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230844FF87FF5626DBFCE97480" box="[142,212,1216,1238]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510844FF87FF3826DBFD1A7483" box="[224,295,1216,1237]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, catalogue number NSMT-Cr 16118.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562701FCC77579" blockId="12.[142,758,1306,1542]" box="[142,250,1306,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF562701FCC77579" box="[142,250,1306,1327]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FF562701FCC77579" box="[142,250,1306,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562723FE257650" blockId="12.[142,758,1306,1542]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B713C9C0844FF87FF562723FE297650" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412608302" country="Japan" location="Thirty" municipality="National Science Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" specimenCount="60" specimenCount-female="60" stateProvince="Tokyo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EC6601A0844FF87FF562723FCEA7518" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087D70844FF99FEDD22D9FF84723E:8EC6601A0844FF87FF562723FCEA7518" box="[142,215,1336,1358]" country="Japan" municipality="National Science Museum" name="Thirty" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" stateProvince="Tokyo">Thirty</location>
|
|||
|
|
females and males, deposited at the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC2ACBB0844FF87FD492723FD64753A" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">National Science Museum</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230844FF87FEB3274CFD8C753B" box="[363,433,1367,1389]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510844FF87FE1C274CFE36753A" box="[452,523,1367,1388]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, catalogue number NSMT-Cr 16119;
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD480844FF87FE82276EFDEA75DD" box="[346,471,1397,1419]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="female">30 females</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
and males, deposited at the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow, catalogue number MGU Ml 34; about
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD480844FF87FD0227A8FCDB75B1" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="female">30 females</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
and males in the personal collection of AAK, catalogue number AAK 2004–056
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562452FD9B7608" blockId="12.[142,758,1609,1723]" box="[142,422,1609,1630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF562452FD9B7608" box="[142,422,1609,1630]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562473FE7F76ED" blockId="12.[142,758,1609,1723]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510844FF87FF562473FCE8762B" box="[142,213,1640,1661]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Honshu Island, Hida Mountain Range: Lake Midori-ga-ike, coll.
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA710010844FF87FEBF249CFDE076CB" box="[359,477,1671,1693]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" value="1979-09-09">09.ix.1979</date>
|
|||
|
|
by S. Tanaka. Lake Kagami-ike, coll.
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA710010844FF87FEFF24BEFDA176ED" box="[295,412,1701,1723]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" value="2004-09-01">01.ix.2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
by S. Tanaka.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF87FF5624E5F9B1732A" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF5624E5FD007745" blockId="12.[142,757,1790,1905]" box="[142,317,1790,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FF5624E5FD007745" box="[142,317,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Short diagnosis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FF562506F85E71BB" blockId="12.[142,757,1790,1905]" lastBlockId="12.[806,1423,195,892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Female. Body subovoid, caudal spine completely absent or short. Rostrum relatively short. Spinules on ventral and dorsal margin normally completely reduced, or present only in region of postero-dorsal angle. First abdominal process relatively long, slightly bent, second process short, the third small and rounded. Postabdominal claw long, size of teeth in basal and, especially, medial pecten varies significantly between populations from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FB772346F91A7124" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1199,1319,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FB772346F91A7124" box="[1199,1319,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FA892346F9B37124" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[1361,1422,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FA892346F9B37124" box="[1361,1422,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630844FF87FCFE2367FF6771C7" box="[806,858,380,401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
. Antenna I with almost completely reduced body. Limb I anterior setae 3 and 4 larger than similar setae in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FC9E23A2FFD57198" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[838,1000,441,462]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FC9E23A2FFD57198" box="[838,1000,441,462]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Limb II with anterior seta 1 about 3/4 length of posterior seta.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCE723EDF84B721F" blockId="12.[806,1423,195,892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Ephippium with axes of eggs perpendicular to its dorsal margin, postero-dorsal portion of valves not incorporated into ephippium.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCE72049FF5D730B" blockId="12.[806,1423,195,892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Adult male. Head with reduced rostrum. Abdomen with a process on second (from distal end) segment. Postabdomen with convex ventral margin, gonopore opens subdistally, without a genital papilla. Antenna I short, antennular sensory seta short and thin, flagellum with slightly curved, hooked tip. Limb I with stiff setae 2–3 times larger than in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FB5A2110F9197376" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[1154,1316,779,800]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FB5A2110F9197376" box="[1154,1316,779,800]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Limb II: on inner-distal portion, the anterior seta 1 slightly bent.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCE7217DF9B1732A" blockId="12.[806,1423,195,892]" box="[831,1420,870,892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Size. Females up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FBFF217DF8B1732A" box="[1063,1164,870,892]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.79" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="1.79">1.79 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, males
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240844FF87FB3C217DF9B5732A" box="[1252,1416,870,892]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" metricValueMax="1.13" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="1.04" valueMax="1.13" valueMin="0.95">0.95–1.13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0844FF85FCFE21D9F958755D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCFE21D9FF997381" blockId="12.[806,1422,962,1904]" box="[806,932,962,983]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FCFE21D9FF997381" box="[806,932,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Description</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCFE21FAF90D757F" blockId="12.[806,1422,962,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Adult parthenogenetic female. Body subovoid in lateral view, maximum height in middle (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440844FF87FB0321E4F90D7443" box="[1243,1328,1023,1045]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Dorsal margin of valves slightly elevated above head, slightly convex, a shallow depression between head and rest of body. Postero-dorsal angle well expressed, but caudal spine completely absent or very short. Head with rostrum well developed, but significantly shorter than that in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FCA326A3F820749B" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[891,1053,1208,1229]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FCA326A3F820749B" box="[891,1053,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, in lateral view, its tip projected posteriorly, not subdividing into two lobes; posterior margin of head convex. Compound eye large, ocellus small and located far from base of antenna I.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF87FCE72729FFF2766B" blockId="12.[806,1422,962,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Carapace subovoid, in large females spinules on ventral and dorsal margin normally completely reduced, but if caudal spine expressed, these spinules present on it and in region of postero-dorsal angle. In postero-ventral portion of valve, on inner face of valve, a row of setules, organized in short series (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440844FF87FAF527D0F9BC75B7" box="[1325,1409,1483,1505]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); at posterior portion of valve, each series terminating in a setulated spine (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440844FF87FBE22412F8B27649" box="[1082,1167,1545,1567]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), finer than that in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FCFE2433FFF5766B" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[806,968,1576,1597]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FCFE2433FFF5766B" box="[806,968,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10844FF85FCE7245DFD0B72F3" blockId="12.[806,1422,962,1904]" lastBlockId="14.[142,758,195,1904]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">
|
|||
|
|
Abdomen relatively short, consisting of four segments. The first (basalmost) abdominal process relatively long, but shorter than that in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420844FF87FADF249FFF7076EE" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30844FF87FADF249FFF7076EE" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, slightly bent anteriorly, the second (middle) process short, the third (distalmost) small and rounded; the fourth segment lacking a process (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440844FF87FAF524C4F9BF76A3" box="[1325,1410,1759,1781]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Postabdomen with preanal margin long, almost straight, covered with series of minute setules. Preanal and postanal angle not expressed. Paired spines on postanal and anal portion, their size continuously increasing distally. Postabdominal seta approximately as long as preanal margin, its distal segment shorter than basal one. Postabdominal claw long, regularly bent, with a pointed tip. On outer side, three successive pectens along the dorsal margin, but size of teeth in basal and, especially, medial pecten varies significantly between populations, and even within a single population, from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FE872381FDEA71F9" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[351,471,410,431]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FE872381FDEA71F9" box="[351,471,410,431]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FE3C2381FE2871F9" box="[484,533,410,431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FD9F2381FEB971F9" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[583,644,410,431]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FD9F2381FEB971F9" box="[583,644,410,431]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FD492381FEF871F9" box="[657,709,410,431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
. All females from Lake Midori-ga-ike have postabdominal claws of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FF2C23CCFD5171BA" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[244,364,471,492]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FF2C23CCFD5171BA" box="[244,364,471,492]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FEAD23C3FD9B71BB" box="[373,422,472,493]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FE6F23CCFE3471BB" box="[439,521,471,493]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), in contrast, majority of females from Lake Kagami-ike had
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FDA623EDFE86725D" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[638,699,502,523]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FDA623EDFE86725D" box="[638,699,502,523]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FD1C23EDFEC8725D" box="[708,757,502,523]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
claws (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF05200EFD69727C" box="[221,340,533,555]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6G, H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), while small part has intermediate claws (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF392028FD11721F" box="[225,300,563,585]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); finally, some juveniles were of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FD652028FCE8723E" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FD652028FCE8723E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FF032049FD317231" box="[219,268,594,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FEC22049FD54723E" box="[282,361,594,616]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). All females have fine rows of denticles at middle of ventral margin, and at distal end of medial pecten.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF6666490845FF86FF7A24D1F88A7739" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="398" startId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" targetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" targetPageId="13">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10845FF86FF7A24D1F88A7739" blockId="13.[162,1443,1737,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="398">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30845FF86FF7A24D1FE05768B" bold="true" box="[162,568,1737,1757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="398">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 6.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420845FF86FEC824D2FDE1768A" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[272,476,1737,1756]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30845FF86FEC824D2FDE1768A" bold="true" box="[272,476,1737,1756]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="398">Daphnia tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80845FF86FE3A24D1FE05768B" box="[482,568,1738,1757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="398" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FF7F20B5FD197443" blockId="14.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Antenna I with almost completely reduced body, nine aesthetascs of different size arising immediately from head surface, antennular sensory seta not found (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF4E2111FD347376" box="[150,265,778,800]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6K, L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Antenna II in general as in previous species. A small sensory seta posteriorly at distal margin of basal segment (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FEB8215CFD87730B" box="[352,442,839,861]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6M</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, arrow), a small distal seta was found at its anterior face (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FDC3217DFE4C732A" box="[539,625,870,892]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6N</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, arrow). A weakly pigmented insertion within distal segment of swimming seta (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FE9721B8FD9873EF" box="[335,421,931,953]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6O</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, arrow) located further from joint with basal segment compared with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FDA821D8FC8873A0" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FDA821D8FC8873A0" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Spine on the second segment of exopod also rudimentary.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FF7F2605FC8C76CF" blockId="14.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Limb I (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FED22605FD437462" box="[266,382,1054,1076]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) with outer distal lobe had the second (smaller) seta larger, anterior seta 2 asymmetrically armed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FEE72640FDAE7424" box="[319,403,1115,1138]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Anterior setae 3–4 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FD422640FED37427" box="[666,750,1115,1137]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) larger than similar setae in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FDDF2660FE9474C6" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[519,681,1147,1168]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FDDF2660FE9474C6" box="[519,681,1147,1168]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, each accompanied by a minute sensillum. Limb II (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FD442682FED374F8" box="[668,750,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) with anterior seta 1 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FE4026ACFDD4749B" box="[408,489,1207,1229]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) shorter than that in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FF5626CCFD0D74BA" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[142,304,1239,1260]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FF5626CCFD0D74BA" box="[142,304,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and armed with shorter setules (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF4E26EEFCD6755D" box="[150,235,1269,1291]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Gnathobase II with shorter setules on distal segment of seta 2, and small denticles on seta 3, 10 posterior setae of gnathobasic ‘filter plate’ (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF4E274AFCD07530" box="[150,237,1361,1383]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: a–j). Limb III (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FE7A274AFDD17530" box="[418,492,1361,1383]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) very similar to that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FF56276BFD0D75D3" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[142,304,1392,1413]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FF56276BFD0D75D3" box="[142,304,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but in its inner portion (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FD8C2774FE9C75D3" box="[596,673,1391,1413]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) posterior seta 1 armed in different way, seta 3 rudimentary, seta 4 relatively short; gnathobasic seta 1 with naked basal segment and short setules distally, a small sensillum near it, 44–49 posterior soft setae in filter plate III. Limb IV as in previous species, 36–41 posterior setae in filter plate IV (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FDCD243CFEB7766B" box="[533,650,1575,1597]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7K, L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Limb V as in previous species, but distalmost seta of exopodite armed distally with short setules (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FD4F247EFC9876CF" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-100@15.[170,1437,196,1794]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 7M, N</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FF7F24B9FD2D7726" blockId="14.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Ephippial female. Dorsal margin of valves almost straight. Dorsal wall of carapace was additionally chitinized, formed a dorsal plate, had fine spinules (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FF4E24E5FD3A7742" box="[150,263,1790,1812]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6P, Q</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Ephippium with two resting eggs, axes of which perpendicular to its dorsal margin (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FD4C2506FED47765" box="[660,745,1821,1843]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[162,240,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[266,1347,212,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-139@13.[257,1348,196,1705]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov. from Lake Midori-ga-ike, collected on August 30, 2004 by S. Tanaka (A–F, K–O) and Lake Kagami-ike, collected on September 01, 2004 by S. Tanaka (G–J, P–R); both lakes are in Hida Mountain Range, Honshu Island, Japan. A, parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, head of parthenogenetic female. C, D, armature of postero-ventral and posterior region of valve. E, postabdomen. F–I, postabdominal claws of adults. J, postabdominal claw of juvenile. K, L, antenna I in lateral and distal view. M, N, distal portion of basal segment in posterior and anterior view. O, swimming seta. P, Q, ephippial female and postero-dorsal portion of its carapace. R, ephippium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 6R</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), postero-dorsal portion of valves not incorporated into ephippium.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE722D8F8EA71C4" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Adult male. Body low, subquadrangular, dorsal margin of valves straight, not elevated above head, shallow depression between head and valves (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FAF4231AF9BF7141" box="[1324,1410,257,279]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), postero-dorsal angle distinct, with a distinct caudal spine protruding postero-dorsally, minute spinules on the spine and dorsal margin of carapace (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FAF42346F9BC7125" box="[1324,1409,349,371]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Head with reduced rostrum (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FBAE2360F8F671C4" box="[1142,1227,379,402]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE72381F8CC727D" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Valve with antero-ventral angle slightly prominent ventrally, whole ventral margin with long, numerous setae submarginally on inner face of valve (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FAF323CCF9BC71B8" box="[1323,1409,471,494]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), rows of fine setules at posterior margin of valve on its inner face, organized in series (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FB48200EF8D9727D" box="[1168,1252,533,555]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE72028F94072B5" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Abdomen with a process on second (from distal end) segment (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FC422049FFD17231" box="[922,1004,594,616]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, arrow). Postabdomen with convex ventral margin, preanal angle smoothed, paired teeth small. Gonopore opens subdistally, without a genital papilla. Only males with postabdominal claws of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FA8D20B5FF5072B4" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FA8D20B5FF5072B4" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and intermediate
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FB9C20D6F8BC72B4" box="[1092,1153,717,738]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
were found (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FAC120D6F94D72B5" box="[1305,1392,717,739]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE720F7F8A473CD" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Antenna I short for a
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FBA020F0F8E17356" authorityName="TANAKAI" authorityYear="2006" box="[1144,1244,747,768]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FBA020F0F8E17356" box="[1144,1244,747,768]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
male, almost straight, antennular sensory seta short and thin, not reaching base of male seta (flagellum) (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FADF2132F9BC7368" box="[1287,1409,809,831]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8C, H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), which is as long as body of antenna I, with slightly curved distal portion, supplied with minute setules and a spinule at its tip (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FBE7219EF8B673CD" box="[1087,1163,901,923]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE721B8F9257405" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Limb I with a wider copulatory hook (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FAD521B8F9BF73EF" box="[1293,1410,931,953]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8J, K</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), both setae of IDL and anterior setae 2–3 significantly larger than those in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FBFE21FAF8FA73A0" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[1062,1223,993,1014]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FBFE21FAF8FA73A0" box="[1062,1223,993,1014]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. On inner-distal portion of limb II, the anterior seta 1 asymmetrically setulated distally, slightly (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FB412605F8D47462" box="[1177,1257,1054,1076]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) moderately (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FCF62626FF907405" box="[814,941,1085,1107]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Figs 8M, O</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) or significantly (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440846FF85FBA22626F8F37405" box="[1146,1230,1085,1107]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-94@16.[147,1417,196,1793]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Daphnia tanakai sp. nov., male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Fig. 8N</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) bent.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCE72640F958755D" blockId="14.[806,1422,195,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
Size. Juvenile and adult females from Lake Midori-ga-ike
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240846FF85FC392661F8B874C6" box="[993,1157,1146,1168]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" metricValueMax="1.79" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="1.215" valueMax="1.79" valueMin="0.64">0.64–1.79 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, ephippial females
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240846FF85FCFE2682FFF474F8" box="[806,969,1177,1199]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.35">1.35–1.75 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, ephippium
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240846FF85FB8F2682F8C774F8" box="[1111,1274,1177,1198]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="0.74" valueMax="0.78" valueMin="0.7">0.70–0.78 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, adult males
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240846FF85FCFE26ACFFFA749B" box="[806,967,1207,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" metricValueMax="1.13" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="1.04" valueMax="1.13" valueMin="0.95">0.95–1.13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
according to our measurements; adult parthenogenetic females from the same lake 1.64 ±
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240846FF85FCFE26EEFFB4755C" box="[806,905,1269,1290]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300846FF85FBFD26EEF967755D" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" box="[1061,1370,1269,1291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0846FF9AFCFE274BFDC674C6" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF85FCFE274BF82B7533" blockId="14.[806,1422,1360,1904]" box="[806,1046,1360,1381]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FCFE274BF82B7533" box="[806,1046,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10846FF9AFCFE2774FEB970AE" blockId="14.[806,1422,1360,1904]" lastBlockId="17.[162,779,195,1168]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FCFE2774FFCE75D2" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[806,1011,1391,1412]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FCFE2774FFCE75D2" box="[806,1011,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">Daphnia tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80846FF85FBDC276BF85D75D3" box="[1028,1120,1392,1413]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FB74276BFF8D75F5" authority="Eylmann, 1887" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FB74276BF97375D3" box="[1196,1358,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300846FF85FA872774FF8D75F5" author="Eylmann E" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref12570" refString="Eylmann E. 1887. Beitrag zur Systematik der europaischen Daphniden. Berichten der Naturforschenden Geselschaft zu Freiburg 2: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1887">Eylmann, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are superficially similar in morphology, but
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FC8B27B6FFF77594" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[851,970,1453,1474]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FC8B27B6FFF77594" box="[851,970,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80846FF85FC0A27B6F8197594" box="[978,1060,1453,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
is unique in the following characteristics: (1) short rostrum, not subdivided into two lobes by fornix line in lateral view; (2) no denticles on posterior portion of valves; (3) all postabdominal processes shorter; (4) size of teeth in two basal pectens on postabdominal claw varies significantly from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FA8D245DFF50762C" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FA8D245DFF50762C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FC4A247EFFF2762C" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[914,975,1637,1658]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FC4A247EFFF2762C" box="[914,975,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630846FF85FC0E247EF834762C" box="[982,1033,1637,1658]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
; (5) on limb I, anterior seta 3 normally developed; (6) anterior seta 1 on distalmost endite of limb II short; (7) on limb III, seta 3 rudimentary. In addition, the male of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420846FF85FB5A24DAF8C47680" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[1154,1273,1729,1750]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30846FF85FB5A24DAF8C47680" box="[1154,1273,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="399">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80846FF85FADB24DAF96B7680" box="[1283,1366,1729,1750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
has: (8) a reduced rostrum; (9) a postabdomen with inflated ventral margin; (10) an abdomen with a process on second segment (from basal side); (11) a sensory seta on antenna I very short, and not reaching bases of male seta (flagellum); (12) on limb I, large anterior setae 2–3; (13) anterior seta 1 on distal-most endite of limb II only slightly curved not hook-like.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF6666490847FF84FF7A2539F99E7739" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687399" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687399/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="400" startId="15.[162,240,1826,1845]" targetBox="[184,1434,201,1793]" targetPageId="15">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10847FF84FF7A2539F99E7739" blockId="15.[162,1443,1825,1904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="400">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30847FF84FF7A2539FE7C7763" bold="true" box="[162,577,1825,1845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="400">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 7.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420847FF84FECB253AFDDF7762" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[275,482,1825,1844]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30847FF84FECB253AFDDF7762" bold="true" box="[275,482,1825,1844]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="400">Daphnia tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80847FF84FE332539FE7C7763" box="[491,577,1826,1845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, thoracic limbs of parthenogenetic female from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, B, limb I. C, D, anterior seta on its endite 3 and 2. E, limb II. F, G, stiff seta on its inner-distal end. H, gnathobase II. I, J, limb III and its inner-distal portion. K, L, limb IV and its inner-distal portion. M, N, limb V and distal portion of its exopodite.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF6666490858FF9BFF562539F9697726" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687401" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687401/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="401" startId="16.[142,220,1826,1845]" targetBox="[150,1416,202,1793]" targetPageId="16">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10858FF9BFF562539F9697726" blockId="16.[142,1422,1825,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="401">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30858FF9BFF562539FE157763" bold="true" box="[142,552,1825,1845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="401">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 8.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420858FF9BFF25253AFDF77762" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[253,458,1825,1844]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="16" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30858FF9BFF25253AFDF77762" bold="true" box="[253,458,1825,1844]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="401">Daphnia tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80858FF9BFE092539FE157763" box="[465,552,1826,1845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="401" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, male from Lake Midori-ga-ike, Japan. A, lateral view. B, caudal spine. C, head. D, E, armature of antero-ventral and posterior portion of valve. F, G, postabdomen and postabdominal claw. H, male antenna I. I, tip of male seta (‘flagellum’) on antenna I. J, K, limb I and its distal portion. L–O, distal-most endite of limb II.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF63231AFE3E7199" blockId="17.[162,779,195,1168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFF63231AFDFF7141" author="Ueno M & Tanaka M" box="[187,450,257,279]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="293 - 306" refId="ref14074" refString="Ueno M, Tanaka M. 1960. The daphnid inhabiting the alpine lakes of Mt. Tateyama. Japanese Journal of Limnology 21: 293 - 306 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1960">Uèno & Tanaka (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
assigned
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDEF231AFE937140" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[567,686,257,278]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDEF231AFE937140" box="[567,686,257,278]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFD6F231AFF367140" box="[695,779,257,278]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
specimens to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE982304FEEB7162" authority="Scourfield, 1947" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[320,726,287,309]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE982304FE2F7162" box="[320,530,287,308]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia ambigua</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Scourfield, 1947
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but unlike
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF2E2324FD4D7105" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[246,368,318,340]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF2E2324FD4D7105" box="[246,368,318,340]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFEA42325FDF27105" box="[380,463,318,339]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, the female of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFD5E2324FF377105" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[646,778,318,340]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFD5E2324FF377105" box="[646,778,318,340]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. ambigua</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has aesthetascs reaching the tip of the rostrum, well developed abdominal processes, two abdominal processes in the male, and a male flagellum possessing a spoon-like widening at the tip.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF6323CCFDDA7292" blockId="17.[162,779,195,1168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF6323CCFE1C71BA" authority="Forbes, 1893" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1893" box="[187,545,471,493]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentifera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF6323CCFDB671BA" box="[187,395,471,492]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia dentifera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Forbes, 1893
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is a morphologically similar species to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFEAD23ECFDD1725D" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[373,492,502,524]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFEAD23ECFDD1725D" box="[373,492,502,524]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFE2D23EDFE75725D" box="[501,584,502,523]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
However, unlike
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF7A200EFD24727C" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[162,281,533,554]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF7A200EFD24727C" box="[162,281,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFEF2200EFD42727C" box="[298,383,533,554]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE4B200EFE25727C" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1893" box="[403,536,533,554]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentifera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE4B200EFE25727C" box="[403,536,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. dentifera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
adults in the late stage moult have a dark insertion within the distal segment of the swimming setae (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFDBD2049FEC2723E" author="Benzie JAH" box="[613,767,594,616]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" refId="ref12263" refString="Benzie JAH. 2005. Cladocera: the genus Daphnia (including Daphniopsis). Guide to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers." type="book" year="2005">Benzie, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Also,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF3B206AFD5572D0" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1893" box="[227,360,625,646]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentifera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF3B206AFD5572D0" box="[227,360,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. dentifera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
males have a reduced flagellum on antenna I that is subequal to the aesthetascs (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFF7A20B5FD057292" author="Brooks JL" box="[162,312,686,708]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref12301" refString="Brooks JL. 1957. The systematics of North American Daphnia. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 13: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1957">Brooks, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFE9D20B5FDE67292" author="Benzie JAH" box="[325,475,686,708]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" refId="ref12263" refString="Benzie JAH. 2005. Cladocera: the genus Daphnia (including Daphniopsis). Guide to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers." type="book" year="2005">Benzie, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF6320D6FDC67369" blockId="17.[162,779,195,1168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF6320D6FE3472B5" authority="Leydig, 1860" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[187,521,717,739]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF6320D6FD5572B4" box="[187,360,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Leydig, 1860
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
can be distinguished from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF3A20F7FD647356" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[226,345,747,769]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF3A20F7FD647356" box="[226,345,747,769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFEBD20F7FD8A7357" box="[357,439,748,769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
by antenna I in the female.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF7A2111FD767349" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[162,331,778,799]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF7A2111FD767349" box="[162,331,778,799]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
possesses a distinct tubular extension from the anntennular mound.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF63215CFDC674C6" blockId="17.[162,779,195,1168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF63215CFE1B730B" authority="Fordyce, 1901" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[187,550,839,861]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF63215CFDBC730A" box="[187,385,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Fordyce, 1901
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is another morphologically similar species to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE33217CFE5F732D" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[491,610,870,892]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE33217CFE5F732D" box="[491,610,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFDB7217CFEFF732A" box="[623,706,871,892]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
However, unlike
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFEF5219EFD9973CC" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[301,420,901,922]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFEF5219EFD9973CC" box="[301,420,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFE73219EFE3D73CC" box="[427,512,901,922]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDD2219EFEBE73CC" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[522,643,901,922]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDD2219EFEBE73CC" box="[522,643,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
males have a reduced flagellum on antenna I that is only slightly longer than the aesthetascs (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFDCF21D9FE91738E" author="Brooks JL" box="[535,684,962,984]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref12301" refString="Brooks JL. 1957. The systematics of North American Daphnia. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 13: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1957">Brooks, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFD6F21D9FCE173A1" author="Alonso M" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" refId="ref12214" refString="Alonso M. 1996. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica. 7. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas." type="book" year="1996">Alonso, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Also,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFEF521FAFD9873A0" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[301,421,993,1014]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFEF521FAFD9873A0" box="[301,421,993,1014]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
lacks the ocellus pigmentation that is present in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFEB5261BFDD97442" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[365,484,1023,1045]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFEB5261BFDD97442" box="[365,484,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFE33261BFE037443" box="[491,574,1024,1045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
Finally,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFD47261BFD027462" author="Penton EH & Crease TJ" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1727 - 1739" refId="ref13484" refString="Penton EH, Crease TJ. 2004. Evolution of the transposable element Pokey in the ribosomal DNA of species in the subgenus Daphnia (Crustacea: Cladocera). Molecular Biology and Evolution 21: 1727 - 1739." type="journal article" year="2004">Penton & Crease (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
presented robust phylogenetic evidence that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF042626FD687404" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[220,341,1085,1106]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF042626FD687404" box="[220,341,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is a member of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDC22626FE6A7404" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[538,599,1085,1106]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDC22626FE6A7404" box="[538,599,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
clade, whereas we have shown here that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE1D2647FE017426" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[453,572,1115,1137]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE1D2647FE017426" box="[453,572,1115,1137]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFD9B2647FEAB7427" box="[579,662,1116,1137]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
is a member of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFEC22660FD8C74D9" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[282,433,1146,1168]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFEC22660FD8C74D9" box="[282,433,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
clade.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0859FF9AFF7A26CDFE007726" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF7A26CDFDB274BD" blockId="17.[162,779,1238,1904]" box="[162,399,1238,1259]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF7A26CDFDB274BD" box="[162,399,1238,1259]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Taxonomic comments</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF7A26EEFD5E75B7" blockId="17.[162,779,1238,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
This taxon was first determined as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFD8826EEFEE9755C" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[592,724,1269,1290]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFD8826EEFEE9755C" box="[592,724,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. ambigua</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and then as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF26270FFDA2757F" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[254,415,1300,1321]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF26270FFDA2757F" box="[254,415,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFE762708FE94757F" author="Ueno M & Tanaka M" box="[430,681,1299,1321]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="293 - 306" refId="ref14074" refString="Ueno M, Tanaka M. 1960. The daphnid inhabiting the alpine lakes of Mt. Tateyama. Japanese Journal of Limnology 21: 293 - 306 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1960">Uèno & Tanaka, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFD6C2708FDB8751E" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). We found that the specimens examined here represent a separate species, differing from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF3B276BFD5B75D2" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[227,358,1391,1413]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF3B276BFD5B75D2" box="[227,358,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. ambigua</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE7F276BFE7475D3" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[423,585,1392,1413]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE7F276BFE7475D3" box="[423,585,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
morphologically (see Differential diagnosis), chromosomally (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFD412795FD667595" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFEB027B6FE4A7595" author="Beaton MJ & Hebert PDN" box="[360,631,1453,1475]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="275 - 279" refId="ref12236" refString="Beaton MJ, Hebert PDN. 1994. Variation in chromosome numbers of Daphnia (Crustacea, Cladocera). Hereditas 120: 275 - 279." type="journal article" year="1994">Beaton & Hebert, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and genetically (see
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440859FF9AFECD27D0FD6B75B7" box="[277,342,1483,1505]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[162,240,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[386,1218,200,1321]" captionTargetId="graphics-213@5.[386,1185,244,1315]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Mapping the characters of chromosome number and postabdominal claw morphology onto the Daphnia ND2 consensus tree (Fig. 1). A, the left cladogram shows the evolution of chromosome number. Black line denotes 2n = 22, white line denotes 2n = 20 and dot line denotes 2n = 24. B, the right cladogram shows the evolution of postabdominal claw morphology. Black line denotes variable phenotype between the longispina-claw and pulex-claw types, white line denotes the longispina- claw type, dot line denotes the pulex-claw type and grey line denotes equivocal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687385/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFF6327F1FE007726" blockId="17.[162,779,1238,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF6327F1FE647656" authority="Ishikawa, 1895" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1895" box="[187,601,1514,1536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whitmani">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF6327F1FDA775A9" box="[187,410,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia whitmani</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFE7F27F1FE647656" author="Ishikawa C" box="[423,601,1514,1536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="47 - 54" refId="ref13036" refString="Ishikawa C. 1895. Phyllopod Crustacea of Japan. Daphnia whitmani. Zoological Magazine of Tokyo 7: 47 - 54." type="journal article" year="1895">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230859FF9AFE7F27F1FE2F7656" box="[423,530,1514,1536]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, 1895
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was described from the vicinities of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230859FF9AFE7A2412FDD57649" box="[418,488,1545,1567]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
. According to Ishikawa’s realistic pictures (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFEAC243CFE1A766B" author="Ishikawa C" box="[372,551,1575,1597]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="47 - 54" refId="ref13036" refString="Ishikawa C. 1895. Phyllopod Crustacea of Japan. Daphnia whitmani. Zoological Magazine of Tokyo 7: 47 - 54." type="journal article" year="1895">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8230859FF9AFEAC243CFDDD766B" box="[372,480,1575,1597]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, 1895
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: plate 21), this animal seems to be a species similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDE3245CFEE0760A" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[571,733,1607,1628]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDE3245CFEE0760A" box="[571,733,1607,1628]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
but has a shorter rostrum. In contrast to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDE3247EFE8F762C" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[571,690,1637,1658]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDE3247EFE8F762C" box="[571,690,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFD6F247EFF36762C" box="[695,779,1637,1658]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(also found in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510859FF9AFE93249FFDAE76CF" box="[331,403,1668,1689]" name="Japan" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
), the female of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFD93249FFEE476CE" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1896" box="[587,729,1667,1689]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whitmani">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFD93249FFEE476CE" box="[587,729,1667,1689]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. whitmani</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has long postabdominal processes, its male has a well developed rostrum, long flagellum and sensory seta on antenna 1, and relatively short stiff setae on endites 2 and 3 of the limb I, like
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFE3724E4FEAC7742" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[495,657,1791,1812]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFE3724E4FEAC7742" box="[495,657,1791,1812]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Perhaps,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFF7A2506FD0D7764" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1896" box="[162,304,1821,1842]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whitmani">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFF7A2506FD0D7764" box="[162,304,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. whitmani</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is an ecological morph of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDB02506FF377764" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[616,778,1821,1842]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDB02506FF377764" box="[616,778,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
with a shorter rostrum. No other
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFDC72527FE9F7707" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[543,674,1852,1873]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFDC72527FE9F7707" box="[543,674,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
-like species have been described from Asia.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0859FF9AFCE222D8FFBA7105" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFCE222D8FFFF708E" blockId="17.[826,1441,195,339]" box="[826,962,195,216]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE222D8FFFF708E" box="[826,962,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFCE222F9FFBA7105" blockId="17.[826,1441,195,339]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
At present,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC6722F8F80B70A1" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[959,1078,226,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC6722F8F80B70A1" box="[959,1078,226,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFBE422F9F8B270A1" box="[1084,1167,226,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
is known only from several fishless pools and ponds in the Hida Mountain Range (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240859FF9AFC492304F8167163" box="[913,1067,287,309]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.07" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" unit="m" value="2310.0" valueMax="2550.0" valueMin="2070.0">2070–2550 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
above sea level), Honshu Island,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E76510859FF9AFCE22325FFBE7105" box="[826,899,318,339]" name="Japan" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</subSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSection id="E2962F2A0859FF99FBCE2392FF84723E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C303654A0859FF99FBCE2392FF84723E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFBCE2392F8FB71F7" blockId="17.[1046,1222,393,417]" box="[1046,1222,393,417]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0EE81AD0859FF9AFBCE2392F8FB71F7" allCaps="true" box="[1046,1222,393,417]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" reason="1">DISCUSSION</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF9AFCE223A2F95E74BA" blockId="17.[826,1442,441,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
The validity and relations of the subgenera of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFA8323A2FF6271BB" authorityName="TANAKAI" authorityYear="2006" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFA8323A2FF6271BB" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
have been controversial throughout the history of daphniid systematic biology. For example, species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC66200EF8E7727C" authority="Sars, 1903" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1903" box="[958,1242,533,554]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphniidae" genus="Daphniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC66200EF870727C" box="[958,1101,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphniopsis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Sars, 1903
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, group with the subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC772028FFE6723E" authority="Dybowski & Grochowski, 1895" authorityName="Dybowski & Grochowski" authorityYear="1895" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ctenodaphnia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC772028F82E721E" box="[943,1043,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBFD2028F8FB721E" box="[1061,1222,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Ctenodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) Dybowski & Grochowski,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE19B240859FF9AFC7C2049FFE6723E" box="[932,987,594,616]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8133" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" unit="in" value="1895.0">1895</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in phylogenetic analyses (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFAD62049FFE972D1" author="Colbourne JK & Hebert PDN" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="349 - 360" refId="ref12403" refString="Colbourne JK, Hebert PDN. 1996. The systematics of North American Daphnia (Crustacea: Anomopoda): a molecular phylogenetic approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biology Sciences 351: 349 - 360." type="journal article" year="1996">Colbourne & Hebert, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFC3B206AF8C772D0" author="Omilian AR & Taylor DJ" box="[995,1274,625,647]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="2201 - 2212" refId="ref13428" refString="Omilian AR, Taylor DJ. 2001. Rate acceleration and longbranch attraction in a conserved gene of cryptic daphniid (Crustacea) species. Molecular Biology and Evolution 18: 2201 - 2212." type="journal article" year="2001">Omilian & Taylor, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFAD1206AFF4972F3" author="Hebert PDN & Remigio EA & Colbourne JK & Taylor DJ & Wilson CC" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="909 - 926" refId="ref12882" refString="Hebert PDN, Remigio EA, Colbourne JK, Taylor DJ, Wilson CC. 2002. Accelerated molecular evolution in halophilic crustaceans. Evolution 56: 909 - 926." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
|||
|
|
Hebert
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFABB206AF9A972D0" box="[1379,1428,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 2002
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Also, the subgenus name
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB702094F81F7292" authority="Schodler, 1866" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1866" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyalodaphnia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB702094F93172F2" box="[1192,1292,655,676]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFAC32094FF627292" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Hyalodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFCAE20B5F81F7292" author="Schodler JE" box="[886,1058,686,708]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref13609" refString="Schodler JE. 1866. Die Cladoceren des frischen Haffs nebst Bemerkungen uber anderweitig vorkommende verwandte Arten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 32: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1866">Schödler, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has been misapplied in recent studies (e.g.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFC0320D6F91B72B5" author="Colbourne JK & Hebert PDN" box="[987,1318,717,739]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="349 - 360" refId="ref12403" refString="Colbourne JK, Hebert PDN. 1996. The systematics of North American Daphnia (Crustacea: Anomopoda): a molecular phylogenetic approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biology Sciences 351: 349 - 360." type="journal article" year="1996">Colbourne & Hebert, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFAE320D6FF857356" author="Schwenk K & Posada D & Hebert PDN" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1833 - 1842" refId="ref13636" refString="Schwenk K, Posada D, Hebert PDN. 2000. Molecular systematics of European Hyalodaphnia: the role of contempo- rary hybridization in ancient species. Proceedings of Royal Society of London, Series B, Biology Sciences 267: 1833 - 1842." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
|||
|
|
Schwenk
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE220F7FF567356" box="[826,875,747,769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 2000
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFC1C20F7F8F17357" author="Penton EH & Crease TJ" box="[964,1228,747,769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1727 - 1739" refId="ref13484" refString="Penton EH, Crease TJ. 2004. Evolution of the transposable element Pokey in the ribosomal DNA of species in the subgenus Daphnia (Crustacea: Cladocera). Molecular Biology and Evolution 21: 1727 - 1739." type="journal article" year="2004">Penton & Crease, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The recent applications of the ‘subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBBE2111F9377349" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1866" box="[1126,1290,778,799]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyalodaphnia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBBE2111F9377349" box="[1126,1290,778,799]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Hyalodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
’ contain the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630859FF9AFCE22132FF567368" box="[826,875,809,830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBA92132F8E87368" authorityName="TANAKAI" authorityYear="2006" box="[1137,1237,809,830]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBA92132F8E87368" box="[1137,1237,809,830]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, namely
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFA9E2132F868730B" authority="O. F. Muller, 1785" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFA9E2132FFBC730B" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
O. F. Müller, 1785
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. However, the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630859FF9AFB242153F910730B" box="[1276,1325,840,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species of a genus is, at the same time, a
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630859FF9AFB70217DF8E4732D" box="[1192,1241,870,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of nominotypical subgenus (Article 44.1 of the ICZN, 2000), so
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE221BFFFEC73EE" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[826,977,931,953]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE221BFFFEC73EE" box="[826,977,931,953]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
must belong to the subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFAE621B8F99F73EE" authorityName="TANAKAI" authorityYear="2006" box="[1342,1442,931,952]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFAE621B8F99F73EE" box="[1342,1442,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFCE221D8FF607381" box="[826,861,962,984]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" sensu="stricto">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE221D8FF78738E" box="[826,837,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">s</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC9421D8FF6A738E" box="[844,855,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">s</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, not to any other subgenus (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFB2B21D9F9A3738E" author="Johnson DS" box="[1267,1438,962,984]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="435 - 462" refId="ref13059" refString="Johnson DS. 1952. The British species of the genus Daphnia (Crustacea, Cladocera). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 122: 435 - 462." type="journal article" year="1952">Johnson, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFCE221FAFFE673A1" author="Brooks JL" box="[826,987,993,1015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref12301" refString="Brooks JL. 1957. The systematics of North American Daphnia. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 13: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1957">Brooks, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFC2A21FAF89973A0" author="Flossner D" box="[1010,1188,993,1015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 499" refId="ref12594" refString="Flossner D. 1972. Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfusser, Branchiopoda, Fischlause, Branchiura). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 60: 1 - 499." type="journal article" year="1972">Flössner, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFB6321FAF8C873A1" author="Flossner D" box="[1211,1269,993,1015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" refId="ref12652" refString="Flossner D. 2000. Die Haplopoda und Cladocera Mitteleuropas. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers." type="book" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Importantly,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFCE221E4FFC57443" author="Schodler JE" box="[826,1016,1023,1045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref13609" refString="Schodler JE. 1866. Die Cladoceren des frischen Haffs nebst Bemerkungen uber anderweitig vorkommende verwandte Arten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 32: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1866">Schödler (1866)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, although aware of the existence
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE22604FFEF7465" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[826,978,1054,1076]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE22604FF707462" box="[826,845,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC822605FFEF7465" box="[858,978,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, established his genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB262605F99F7465" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1866" box="[1278,1442,1054,1075]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyalodaphnia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB262605F99F7465" box="[1278,1442,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Hyalodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
without including
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBC52626F8897404" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1053,1204,1085,1106]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBC52626F8897404" box="[1053,1204,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as a member. His
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE22640FFE37426" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1866" box="[826,990,1115,1136]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyalodaphnia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE22640FFE37426" box="[826,990,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Hyalodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
lacked an ocellus, a feature that is prominent in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC392660F84A74D9" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[993,1143,1146,1168]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC392660F84A74D9" box="[993,1143,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. If the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB012661F92B74D9" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[1241,1302,1146,1167]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB012661F92B74D9" box="[1241,1302,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group does warrant a higher taxonomic ranking, then a new name must be suggested because the subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFAF926ACF9B8749A" authorityName="TANAKAI" authorityYear="2006" box="[1313,1413,1207,1228]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFAF926ACF9B8749A" box="[1313,1413,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is reserved for the group containing
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB1D26CCF96174BD" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1221,1372,1238,1260]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB1D26CCF96174BD" box="[1221,1372,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C10859FF99FC8B26EEFEC9725A" blockId="17.[826,1442,441,1904]" lastBlockId="18.[142,758,195,1904]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">
|
|||
|
|
Nevertheless, if the gene tree presented in
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13222A440859FF9AFA9A26EEF99F755C" box="[1346,1442,1269,1291]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[142,220,1762,1781]" captionTargetBox="[243,1319,191,1736]" captionTargetId="graphics-188@4.[359,914,218,1723]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. ME bootstrap consensus tree of Daphnia ND2 sequences. The numbers on each branch show support values of the branch. Upper numbers indicate ME, and ML bootstrap support values for nucleotide sequences. Middle numbers indicate MP bootstrap support values and Bayesian clade credibility values for nucleotide sequences. Lower numbers indicate MP bootstrap support values and Bayesian clade credibility values for amino acid sequences. Asterisks indicate no support values." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
is correct, then we find little objective basis upon which to erect additional subgenera to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB2F2729FFE27531" authority="sensu Johnson, 1952" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB2F2729F99F751E" box="[1271,1442,1330,1352]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia sensu</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFCE2274AFFE27531" author="Johnson DS" box="[826,991,1361,1383]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="435 - 462" refId="ref13059" refString="Johnson DS. 1952. The British species of the genus Daphnia (Crustacea, Cladocera). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 122: 435 - 462." type="journal article" year="1952">Johnson, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. For example, our tree provides the first strong evidence that the claw character can rapidly evolve. Some species such as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB7B2794F92175F5" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[1187,1308,1422,1444]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB7B2794F92175F5" box="[1187,1308,1422,1444]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
show claw pecten length variation, but not of the magnitude seen in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC4127D7F82D75B6" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[921,1040,1483,1505]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC4127D7F82D75B6" box="[921,1040,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFBC327D7F85075B7" box="[1051,1133,1484,1505]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(i.e. from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB3227D7F97B75B6" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[1258,1350,1483,1505]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB3227D7F97B75B6" box="[1258,1350,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630859FF9AFA8827D7F9BC75B7" box="[1360,1409,1484,1505]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE227F0FFEC75A9" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[826,977,1514,1536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE227F0FFEC75A9" box="[826,977,1514,1536]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A288630859FF9AFC3A27F0F82B7656" box="[994,1046,1515,1536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBEB27F1F8C275A9" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[1075,1279,1514,1535]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBEB27F1F8C275A9" box="[1075,1279,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFAC927F0F9597656" box="[1297,1380,1515,1536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
possessed a variable claw morphology and the habitat correlation described by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B300859FF9AFB83243CF9A3766B" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" box="[1115,1438,1575,1597]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, in which the pronounced pectens are found in shallow pools and the reduced pectens are found in deeper ponds; this is supported in our study. Interestingly, this habitat–claw morphology association is present throughout the subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBAA24DAF8EB7680" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[1138,1238,1729,1750]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBAA24DAF8EB7680" box="[1138,1238,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, with ephemeral shallow pond dwellers possessing pronounced claw pectens (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFC7924E4F87E7742" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[929,1091,1791,1812]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFC7924E4F87E7742" box="[929,1091,1791,1812]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB8B24E4F8F77745" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[1107,1226,1790,1812]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB8B24E4F8F77745" box="[1107,1226,1790,1812]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A80859FF9AFB0B24E4F91B7742" box="[1235,1318,1791,1812]" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
and many
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE22506FFAB7764" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[826,918,1821,1842]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE22506FFAB7764" box="[826,918,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group species), and deeper pond and lake species possessing reduced claw pectens (most of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFCE22540FFEC7739" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[826,977,1882,1904]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFCE22540FFEC7739" box="[826,977,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group plus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFBB92540F8D87739" authorityName="Scourfield" authorityYear="1947" box="[1121,1253,1882,1904]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFBB92540F8D87739" box="[1121,1253,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. ambigua</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D420859FF9AFB2D2540F9507739" authorityName="Fordyce" authorityYear="1901" box="[1269,1389,1882,1904]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="17" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD30859FF9AFB2D2540F9507739" box="[1269,1389,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="402">D. parvula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF5622DFFD1E708F" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1882" box="[142,291,196,217]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retrocurva">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF5622DFFD1E708F" box="[142,291,196,217]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. retrocurva</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FEE622D8FDEA708F" author="Brooks JL" box="[318,471,195,217]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref12301" refString="Brooks JL. 1957. The systematics of North American Daphnia. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 13: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1957">Brooks, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FE3E22D8FED7708F" author="Colbourne JK & Hebert PDN & Taylor DJ" box="[486,746,195,217]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="163 - 189" refId="ref12448" refString="Colbourne JK, Hebert PDN, Taylor DJ. 1997. Evolutionary origins of phenotypic diversity in Daphnia. In: Givnish TJ, Sytsma KJ, eds. Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 163 - 189." type="book chapter" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Colbourne
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDBF22DFFEA5708E" box="[615,664,195,217]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The exceptions to the pattern are the putative recent colonists of large lakes,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE78231AFE497140" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1893" box="[416,628,257,278]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulicaria">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE78231AFE497140" box="[416,628,257,278]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia pulicaria</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FD77231AFD1C7162" authorityName="Coker" authorityYear="1926" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catawba">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FD77231AFD1C7162" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia catawba</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which have pronounced pectens. The prominence of the pecten varies in other daphniid genera, such as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FEF82346FD547124" box="[288,361,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Moinidae" genus="Moina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FEF82346FD547124" box="[288,361,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Moina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FEA02346FE297124" authorityName="J.Dana" authorityYear="1853" box="[376,532,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Ceriodaphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FEA02346FE297124" box="[376,532,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Ceriodaphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FD882346FED37124" box="[592,750,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Simocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FD882346FED37124" box="[592,750,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Simocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but less is known of the phylogeny of these groups (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FF4D2381FD6A71E6" author="Goulden CE" box="[149,343,410,432]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 101" refId="ref12788" refString="Goulden CE. 1968. The systematics and evolution of the Moinidae. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society held at Philadelphia, new series 58: 1 - 101." type="book chapter" year="1968">Goulden, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FEA52381FE0071F9" author="Flossner D" box="[381,573,410,432]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" refId="ref12652" refString="Flossner D. 2000. Die Haplopoda und Cladocera Mitteleuropas. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers." type="book" year="2000">Flössner, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FDBB2381FD7B7199" author="Orlova-Bienkowskaya MY" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" refId="ref13463" refString="Orlova-Bienkowskaya MY. 2001. Cladocera: Anomopoda Daphniidae: genus Simocephalus. Leiden, the Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers." type="book" year="2001">Orlova-Bienkowskaya, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Clearly,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE6F23A2FE137198" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[439,558,441,462]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE6F23A2FE137198" box="[439,558,441,462]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FDEE23A2FEB47198" box="[566,649,441,462]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
would be a very informative group for studying the functional morphology and evolution of the postabdominal claw.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C1085AFF99FF7F200EFEC87357" blockId="18.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">
|
|||
|
|
Other morphological characters suggested for discrimination of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE4D2028FDEF721E" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[405,466,563,584]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE4D2028FDEF721E" box="[405,466,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FDFC2028FEA1721E" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[548,668,563,584]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDFC2028FEA1721E" box="[548,668,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
groups (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FF4D2049FD17723E" author="Alonso M" box="[149,298,594,616]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" refId="ref12214" refString="Alonso M. 1996. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica. 7. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas." type="book" year="1996">Alonso, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) are also diminished by our results. In
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF56206AFD3B72D0" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[142,262,625,646]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF56206AFC9C72D0" box="[142,161,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF76206AFD3B72D0" box="[174,262,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FED7206AFD5972D0" box="[271,356,625,646]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, the curvature of the anterior seta on the second limb of the male is variable, rendering this character polymorphic. Other potential sources of new morphological characters, i.e. female and male thoracic limbs, have not been well studied at present.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C1085AFF99FF7F2111FE7874BA" blockId="18.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">
|
|||
|
|
Our results also suggest that chromosome evolution has been less conserved than proposed for daphniids. Although we did not independently count the chromosomes of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF2F217CFD53732D" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[247,366,870,892]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF2F217CFD53732D" box="[247,366,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FEAE217CFDF4732A" box="[374,457,871,892]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FDD4217DFCEA73CD" author="Tanaka S & Tominaga H" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref13864" refString="Tanaka S, Tominaga H. 1986. Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann in Japanese high mountain waters (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia 137: 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1986">Tanaka & Tominaga (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, it is unlikely that the 2
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE23219EFE3773CC" box="[507,522,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 22 conclusion is a counting error. Counting errors from chromosome squashes usually result when some chromosomes are overlapping in the preparations, yielding a reduced count of the actual number, but 2
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDDA261BFE2C7443" box="[514,529,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 22 is an increased count over
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FED32604FD907462" authorityName="Eylmann" authorityYear="1887" box="[267,429,1055,1076]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FED32604FD907462" box="[267,429,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE3D2604FE417465" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[485,636,1054,1076]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE3D2604FE417465" box="[485,636,1054,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group and the ancestral condition of 2
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE0B2626FDDF7404" box="[467,482,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 20. The chromosomal justification for subgenera is diminished by this new character state in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FEB22661FDF374D9" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[362,462,1146,1167]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FEB22661FDF374D9" box="[362,462,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FDCD2661FE6F74D9" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[533,594,1146,1167]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDCD2661FE6F74D9" box="[533,594,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group cannot be justified as a subgenus solely on its possession of a derived chromosome number without elevating
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF5626CCFD3874BD" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[142,261,1238,1260]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF5626CCFD3874BD" box="[142,261,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FED526CCFD5D74BA" box="[269,352,1239,1260]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
to a new subgenus.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C1085AFF99FF7F26EEFDFC76CF" blockId="18.[142,758,195,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">
|
|||
|
|
Finally, the genetic divergences of clades have been used to justify subgenera (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FE622708FED6757F" author="Colbourne JK & Hebert PDN" box="[442,747,1299,1321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="349 - 360" refId="ref12403" refString="Colbourne JK, Hebert PDN. 1996. The systematics of North American Daphnia (Crustacea: Anomopoda): a molecular phylogenetic approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biology Sciences 351: 349 - 360." type="journal article" year="1996">Colbourne & Hebert, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Here again we find little justification for elevating the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF56274AFCF67530" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[142,203,1361,1382]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF56274AFCF67530" box="[142,203,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group to a new subgenus. We did find that the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FF562774FCF675D2" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[142,203,1391,1412]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FF562774FCF675D2" box="[142,203,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group was basal to the other
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FDF82774FEB975D2" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[544,644,1391,1412]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDF82774FEB975D2" box="[544,644,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
taxa that we sampled, but there are also at least two other very divergent clades in the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE4127B6FE2C7594" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[409,529,1453,1474]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE4127B6FE2C7594" box="[409,529,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group (the
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FD4E27B6FEC87594" authorityName="Birge" authorityYear="1879" box="[662,757,1453,1474]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FD4E27B6FEC87594" box="[662,757,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. laevis</emphasis>
|
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|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
clade and the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE9E27D7FDE075B6" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[326,477,1483,1505]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE9E27D7FDE075B6" box="[326,477,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. longiremis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
clade). Also, the most divergent
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FEDF27F1FD7975A9" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[263,324,1514,1535]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FEDF27F1FD7975A9" box="[263,324,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group species were sampled in our study, and the within clade divergence of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FD612412FECB7648" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[697,758,1545,1566]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FD612412FECB7648" box="[697,758,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">pulex</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
subgenus is less than the divergence found within at least three of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE82245DFDEF760D" authorityName="O. F. Mueller" authorityYear="1785" box="[346,466,1606,1627]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE82245DFDEF760D" box="[346,466,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">longispina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group lineages. The ND2 tree based on divergence is more of a grade than two discrete subgeneric clades.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA636C1085AFF99FF7F24B8FF84723E" blockId="18.[142,758,195,1904]" lastBlockId="18.[806,1422,195,616]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">
|
|||
|
|
We have identified and described a new divergent species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FED824DAFD597680" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[256,356,1729,1750]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FED824DAFD597680" box="[256,356,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E7651085AFF99FE7E24DAFDD17680" box="[422,492,1729,1750]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and presented the first gene tree for the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FE7724C4FE2E76A2" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[431,531,1759,1780]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FE7724C4FE2E76A2" box="[431,531,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
based on the ND2 gene. The tree is largely consistent with estimates based on other genes (12S rDNA, COI, 28S rDNA), but the ND2 gene has more robust support for the clades examined. The ND2 tree reveals that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FDA72540FEC87739" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[639,757,1882,1904]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FDA72540FEC87739" box="[639,757,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FCFE22DFFF44708F" box="[806,889,196,217]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
represents one of the most genetically divergent lineages in the subgenus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FB5D22F9F8D470A1" authorityName="sensu Johnson" authorityYear="1952" box="[1157,1257,226,247]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FB5D22F9F8D470A1" box="[1157,1257,226,247]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Although the ND2 gene seems to possess clock-like properties (based on branch length evenness), further genetic analyses are needed to confirm that the divergence of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C194D42085AFF99FCFE2346FFA07124" authority="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor, 2006" authorityName="Ishida & Kotov & Taylor" authorityYear="2006" box="[806,925,349,370]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Daphnidae" genus="Daphnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96DEAD3085AFF99FCFE2346FFA07124" box="[806,925,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">D. tanakai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57A8085AFF99FC7F2346FFC47124" box="[935,1017,349,370]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
is not a gene-specific rate acceleration.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F30E7651085AFF99FCAC2367FF8771C7" box="[884,954,380,401]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="403">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
may represent an important area for cladoceran diversity because it probably lacked permafrost during the Pleistocene and, unlike much of Beringia, represented a refugium for temperate species. Other endemic Japanese cladoceran species have recently been described (e.g.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B30085AFF99FBA4200EF9BA727D" author="Kotov AA & Tanaka S" box="[1148,1415,533,555]" pageId="18" pageNumber="403" pagination="111 - 121" refId="ref13202" refString="Kotov AA, Tanaka S. 2004. Ilyocryptus uenoi sp. nov. (Anomopoda, Cladocera, Branchiopoda) from Japan. Hydrobiologia 518: 111 - 121." type="journal article" year="2004">Kotov & Tanaka, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and there are likely several more undescribed Japanese species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</subSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|