treatments-xml/data/03/A6/E8/03A6E84CFF92FFD9EC8E4342B57CFDB8.xml

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<mods:title id="C3AD861D5620E5F84CF313E38A392F96">Illustrated catalogue of Neotropical Ctenuchina, Euchromiina and Pericopina types (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) described by Hans Zerny, with discussion on their taxonomic status</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A6E84CFF92FFD9EC8E4342B57CFDB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6091993" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119599015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6091993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6E84CFF92FFD9EC8E4342B57CFDB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6E84CFF92FFD9EC8E4342B57CFDB8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF92FFD8EC8E4342B4BAF893" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF92FFD8EC8E4342B5D8F8F2" blockId="8.[151,411,1807,1867]" box="[151,411,1807,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<heading id="D0F8EE36FF92FFD8EC8E4342B5D8F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,411,1807,1834]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF92FFD8EC8E4342B5D8F8F2" authority="Zerny, 1931" authorityName="Zerny" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,411,1807,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Diabaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8EC8E4342B5D8F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,411,1807,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8EC8E4342B4BCF8F1" bold="true" box="[151,255,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">josioides</emphasis>
Zerny, 1931
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF92FFD8EC8E437FB4BAF893" blockId="8.[151,411,1807,1867]" box="[151,249,1842,1867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
(
<figureCitation id="133445DFFF92FFD8EC86437FB4B2F893" box="[159,241,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 24. 1" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1754,1776]" captionTargetBox="[233,1341,193,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[233,1341,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 24. 1) Eucyane phanoptoides (Lectotype); 2) Eucyane variabilis flavofasciata (Lectotype); 3) Eucyane variabilis variabilis (Lectotype); 4) Pseudophaloe xiphydria (Holotype); 5) Pseudosphenoptera boyi (Holotype); 6) Correbia rufescens columbiana (Lectotype); 7) Diptilum [sic] crassum (Holotype); 8) Ptychotrichos [sic] fenestrifer (Holotype); 9) Episcepsis flavipuncta (Lectotype); 10) Schasiura gymnelioides (Holotype); 11) Heliura hagmanni (Lectotype); 12) Cercopimorpha hoffmanni (Lectotype); 13) Teucer imbecillus (Holotype); 14) Desmotricha josioides (Lectotype); 15) Eucereon lychnis (Lectotype); 16) Eucereon maternum (Holotype); 17) Episcepsis melanoneura (Lectotype); 18) Episcepsis nereus (Lectotype); 19) Ceramidia pinguis (Holotype); 20) Ctenucha reimoseri (Holotype); 21) Episcepsis rotundipennis (Lectotype); 22) Eucereon sericeum (Lectotype); 23) Pompiliodes acroleuca (Lectotype); 24) Calonotos acutipennis (Lectotype). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.240541" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/240541/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF92FFD9EC8E4337B64AFEE7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF92FFD8EC8E4337B737F834" blockId="8.[151,1436,1914,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1F7E74FF92FFD8EC8E4337B737F834" infered="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF92FFD8EC8E4337B67AF848" authority="Zerny, 1931b: 20" authorityName="Zerny" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,569,1914,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8EC8E4337B559F848" box="[151,282,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">Desmotricha</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8ED3A4337B53EF848" box="[291,381,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">josioides</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AAE7F4BFF92FFD8ED9F4336B67AF848" author="Zerny" box="[390,569,1914,1936]" page="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF92FFD8ED9F4336B657F848" author="Zerny" box="[390,532,1914,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" refString="Zerny, H. (1931 b) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syntomiden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 45, 1 - 27 + 1 plate." type="book chapter" year="1931" yearSuffix="b">Zerny, 1931b</bibRefCitation>
: 20
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Taf. 1, fig. 26). 
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8EEEF4337B072F848" bold="true" box="[758,1073,1914,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF92FFD8EEEF4337B722F848" box="[758,865,1914,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
hereby designated
</emphasis>
, male: [
<collectingCountry id="F31819CAFF92FFD8E8914337B0A8F848" box="[1160,1259,1914,1936]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
], Santa Catarina, Jaraguá (Fr. Hoffmann). Male 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF92FFD8EE1C43D7B617F877" box="[517,596,1946,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
with two labels: printed label “Sta. Catharina, Jaraguá, Fr. Hoffmann” with date handwritten on the underside “ 
<date id="FFB17F9AFF92FFD8EE3243F5B626F816" box="[555,613,1976,1998]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">10.xi.</date>
’29” and handwritten label “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF92FFD8EFB743F5B0A9F816" authority="Zerny" authorityName="Zerny" box="[942,1258,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">Desmotricha josioides Zerny</taxonomicName>
♂ 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF92FFD8E93943F5B113F816" box="[1312,1360,1976,1998]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">type</typeStatus>
”. 
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF92FFD8E97643F5B519F834" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">
One 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF92FFD8ECDE439BB519F834" box="[199,346,2006,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, female with same labels, but the date is “ 
<date id="FFB17F9AFF92FFD8EF1E439BB700F834" box="[775,835,2006,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="513">20.xi.</date>
’29”.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9EC8E44DAB770FF68" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[151,819,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E44DAB5DFFF68" bold="true" box="[151,412,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Current combination.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EDBA44DAB76CFF68" authority="Zerny, 1931" authorityName="Zerny" authorityYear="1931" box="[419,815,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Diabaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EDBA44DAB677FF68" box="[419,564,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Desmotricha</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EE2344DAB6DDFF68" box="[570,670,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">josioides</emphasis>
Zerny, 1931
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9ECDE44F1B64AFEE7" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ECDE44F1B631FF0D" bold="true" box="[199,626,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
Condition of the 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9EDBA44F1B5A0FF0D" box="[419,483,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">types</typeStatus>
. 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9EDEC44F1B62EFF0D" box="[501,621,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Wings slightly rubbed. Right hindwing damaged below discal cell. Abdomen with a hole dorsally on second tergite. 
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EEEA4492B7DCFF20" bold="true" box="[755,927,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9EEEA4492B7D9FF20" box="[755,922,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Head missing. Wings rubbed and slightly damaged. Abdomen partially eaten by pests. Most legs missing. Despite this extensive damage, the specimen is still recognizable as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9ED654564B641FE98" box="[380,514,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ED654564B641FE98" box="[380,514,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. josioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF93FFD9ECDE4501B57CFDB8" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9ECDE4501B57CFDB8" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ECDE4501B578FEBD" bold="true" box="[199,315,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9ED584501B67EFEBD" box="[321,573,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josioides">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ED584501B67EFEBD" box="[321,573,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Desmotricha josioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from the two specimens mentioned above. This species seems to be closely related to the 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9EDFF453DB655FE50" box="[486,534,368,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF314522B0D6FE50" authority="Cramer, 1781" authorityName="Cramer" authorityYear="1781" box="[808,1173,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursula">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EF314522B7ABFE50" box="[808,1000,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Phalaena ursula</emphasis>
Cramer, 1781
</taxonomicName>
. This core concept of 
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E45D9B56BFE75" box="[151,296,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Desmotricha</emphasis>
seems to also include the following species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF0445D8B060FE74" authority="Dognin, 1911" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1911" box="[797,1059,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trita">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EF0445D8B72CFE74" box="[797,879,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. trita</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EF6745D9B058FE74" author="Dognin" box="[894,1051,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Dognin, P. (1911) Heteroceres nouveaux de l'Amerique du Sud, II. Oberthur, Rennes, 15 pp." type="book" year="1911">Dognin, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E83745D8B135FE74" authority="Dognin, 1912" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1912" box="[1070,1398,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metapolia">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E83745D8B083FE75" box="[1070,1216,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. metapolia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9E8D645D9B12DFE74" author="Dognin" box="[1231,1390,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Dognin, P. (1912) Heteroceres nouveaux de l'Amerique du Sud, V. Oberthur, Rennes-Paris, 12 pp." type="book" year="1912">Dognin, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E99845D8B5F4FE08" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klagesi">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E99845D8B4A5FE08" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. klagesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9ECE845FAB5F4FE08" author="Rothschild" box="[241,439,439,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EDDF45F4B75CFE08" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[454,799,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexa">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EDDF45F4B60DFE08" box="[454,590,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. perplexa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EE4145FAB75CFE08" author="Rothschild" box="[600,799,439,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF3445F4B0E2FE08" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[813,1185,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmannsi">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EF3445F4B793FE08" box="[813,976,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. hoffmannsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EFC245FAB0E2FE08" author="Rothschild" box="[987,1185,439,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E8FA45F4B490FE2C" authority="Dyar, 1910" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Desmotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oceola">
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E8FA45F4B117FE08" box="[1251,1364,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">D. oceola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9E94745F5B490FE2C" author="Dyar" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Dyar, H. G. (1910) Descriptions of some new species and genera of Lepidoptera from Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 38, 229 - 273. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.38 - 1742.229" type="journal article" year="1910">Dyar, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Although the remaining species are not as similar in habitus as those listed above, they are not as divergent from the 
<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9ED0A464DB500FDC0" box="[275,323,512,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">type</typeStatus>
species as is common in many genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF6F45B2B7B6FDC0" box="[886,1013,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Ctenuchina">Ctenuchina</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E85845B2B091FDC0" box="[1089,1234,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Euchromiina">Euchromiina</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E91545B2B137FDC0" box="[1292,1396,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
in general—groups that suffer from what 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EE9F4668B71CFDE4" author="Watson" box="[646,863,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Watson, A. (1971) An illustrated catalog of the Neotropic Arctiinae types in the United States National Museum (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) part I. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 50, 1 - 361. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.50" type="journal article" year="1971">Watson (1971: 1)</bibRefCitation>
called “a seemingly almost arbitrary generic classification”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>