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<document id="9FA9FF869666616269F1BF33501E82FB" ID-CLB-Dataset="54924" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5131.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1daf4875-bf0f-4fb9-b648-459a83357801" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6521113" ID-ZooBank="CF550031-D6A9-48A3-A953-A1BD40C72F5E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1651751834358" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grischenko, Andrei V., Gordon, Dennis P., Taylor, Paul D., Kuklinski, Piotr, Denisenko, Nina V., Spencer-Jones, Mary E. & Ostrovsky, Andrew N." docDate="2022" docId="038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5131.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5131 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5131.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhamphostomella sibirica" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="FFB05B0C0B37333DFFE4AF611977FF90" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy, ecology and zoogeography of the Recent species of Rhamphostomella Lorenz, 1886 and Mixtoscutella n. gen. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1699329717204" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4C1C828490A2B3B84B9C4BC04ED2CB05">Taxonomy, ecology and zoogeography of the Recent species of Rhamphostomella Lorenz, 1886 and Mixtoscutella n. gen. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B045CE1BBBBCB583172970F352A7AE05">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32D67AF62ADDF9A03F36261ECAE925E6">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="20E745EB9FBCD74D32330CC9433A2E7E">Kuklinski, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="909A2B07F26816700C58B23F72A4EBC9">Denisenko, Nina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4BE2CFAEA1946640A365BE5A6ADEE927">Ostrovsky, Andrew N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="21908D4C7523CDEBC89B57F67506C315" type="email">andrei.ostrovsky@univie.ac.at</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="0892A8DE0FF7CE362A5F3C49CFBDE866">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7628946" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209285938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7628946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B083302FF73AE9F1BF4FD88" box="[151,643,510,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AE9F1BF4FD88" blockId="63.[151,643,510,573]" box="[151,643,510,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<heading id="D0D7250E0B083302FF73AE9F1BF4FD88" bold="true" box="[151,643,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73AE9F1BF4FD88" ID-CoL="6WTVW" authority="(Kluge, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[151,643,510,537]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AE9F1BF4FD88" bold="true" box="[151,643,510,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AE9F18A2FD89" bold="true" box="[151,469,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella sibirica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE00AE9F1B0CFD88" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[484,635,510,536]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B083302FF73AD4218A0FDAD" box="[151,471,546,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AD4218A0FDAD" blockId="63.[151,643,510,573]" box="[151,471,546,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FF7BAD421981FDAD" box="[159,246,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FEE6AD431844FDAD" box="[258,307,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-497@80.[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 25. Ancestrulae with periancestrular zooids in colonies of three Rhamphostomella species. A. R. scabra, A.V. Grischenko Collection (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk). B. R. sibirica, P. Kuklinski Collection (Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, western Aleutian Islands). C. R. spinigera, Paralectotype, NHMW 92536 (Jan Mayen), initial part of colony. Scale bars: 250 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544578/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">25B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FEDAAD421806FDAD" box="[318,369,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">30H</figureCitation>
|
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,
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FE99AD4218B9FDAD" box="[381,462,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,211,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-17@93.[151,1436,211,1557]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 33. Type specimens of Rhamphostomella and Mixtoscutella species. A, B. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). Lectotype, ZIRAS 1/50730 (Laptev Sea). C, D. Rhamphostomella tatarica (Androsova, 1958). Paratype, ZIRAS 2/3852 (Tatar Strait, Sea of Japan). E, F. Rhamphostomella spinigera Lorenz, 1886. Lectotype, NHMW 92535 (Jan Mayen). G. Mixtoscutella ovata (Smitt, 1868). Lectotype, SMNH-Type-9303 (Red Bay, west Spitsbergen, Svalbard and Jan Mayen). H. Mixtoscutella ussowi (Kluge, 1908). Lectotype, ZIRAS 4/2331 (estuary of Mezen River, White Sea). Scale bars: A–F, H, 250 µm; G, 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544595/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">33A, B</figureCitation>
|
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B083302FF73AD061B15FC41" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AD061A7CFDEF" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" box="[151,779,615,639]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73AD061A7CFDEF" box="[151,779,615,639]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73AD061A70FDEF" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[151,775,615,639]" page="21" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1929">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73AD061A70FDEF" ID-CoL="6WTVW" authority="Kluge, 1929, p. 21" authorityName="Kluge" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,775,615,639]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="bilaminata" variety="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AD0618B5FDEF" box="[151,450,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella bilaminata</emphasis>
|
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|
var.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FE10AD061B36FDEF" box="[500,577,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FDACAD061BBFFDEF" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[584,712,615,639]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
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, p. 21
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73ADE71BC5FD6A" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73ADE71BC5FD6A" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73ADE71A66FD0E" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[151,785,646,670]" page="160" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1952">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73ADE71A66FD0E" ID-CoL="6WTVW" authority=": Kluge 1952, p. 160" authorityName="Kluge" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,785,646,670]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="bilaminata" variety="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73ADE718B5FD0E" box="[151,450,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
var.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FE16ADE71B48FD0E" box="[498,575,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FDA9ADE71BB2FD0E" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[589,709,646,670]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref91110" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1952) Bryozoa of the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Strait. In: Ushakov, P. V. (Ed.), Far North-East of the USSR. Vol. 2. Fauna and Flora of the Chukchi Sea. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, Leningrad, USSR, pp. 138 - 168. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1952">Kluge 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 160
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 1953, p. 178; 1955, p. 108, tab. 23, fig. 6; 1961, p. 142; 1962, p. 546, fig. 383; 1964, p. 190; 1975, p. 664, fig. 383;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FD22ADC51AA9FD2C" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[710,990,676,700]" page="455" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1957">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FD22ADC51AE5FD2C" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[710,914,676,700]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="434 - 471" refId="ref89200" refString="Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1957) Bryozoa of the White Sea. Materials of Complex Investigations of the White Sea, 1, 434 - 471. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Gostilovskaya 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 455
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 1978, p. 232, fig. 148;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FB2AADC51987FD4B" author="Kluge, G. A. & Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G." page="213" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FB2AADC51C08FD2C" author="Kluge, G. A. & Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1230,1407,676,700]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="173 - 256" refId="ref91442" refString="Kluge, G. A., Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1959) Class Bryozoa. The list of marine fauna of the southern Sakhalin and southern Kuril Islands. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 6, 173 - 256. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
Kluge
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FAF6ADC41C49FD2C" box="[1298,1342,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 213
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF1FADA218BAFD4B" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[251,461,707,731]" page="34" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1976">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FF1FADA218FAFD4B" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[251,397,707,731]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="30 - 35" refId="ref91578" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1976) Intertidal Bryozoa of Zavyalov Island (Sea of Okhotsk). Biologiya Morya, 1, 30 - 35. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1976">Kubanin 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 34
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FE32ADA21BB9FD4B" author="Androsova, E. I." box="[470,718,707,731]" page="202" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1977">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE32ADA21BF6FD4B" author="Androsova, E. I." box="[470,641,707,731]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="194 - 204" refId="ref86166" refString="Androsova, E. I. (1977) Bryozoa in the biocenoses of the Arctic Ocean (Franz Josef Land). Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 14, 194 - 204. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1977">Androsova 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 202
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FD3CADA21AEDFD4B" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[728,922,707,731]" page="13" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1980">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FD3CADA21A2DFD4B" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[728,858,707,731]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref88216" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1980) Bryozoan Fauna of the Order Cheilostomata of the Kuril Islands Coastal Waters. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 226 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1980">Gontar 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 13
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 1990, p. 133;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FBD5ADA21C6FFD4B" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[1073,1304,707,731]" page="13" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1988">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FBD5ADA21DAFFD4B" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[1073,1240,707,731]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref87248" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1988) Distribution and Ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea and Adjacent Areas of the Arctic Ocean. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 207 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1988">Denisenko 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 13
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 1990, p. 39; 2008, p. 187;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FEB7AD831BD9FD6A" author="Gontar, V. I. & Denisenko, N. V." box="[339,686,738,762]" page="358" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1989">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FEB7AD831B15FD6A" author="Gontar, V. I. & Denisenko, N. V." box="[339,610,738,762]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="341 - 371" refId="ref88701" refString="Gontar, V. I. & Denisenko, N. V. (1989) Arctic Ocean Bryozoa. In: Herman, Y. (Ed.), The Arctic Seas. Climatology, Oceanography, Geology, and Biology. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, USA, pp. 341 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4613 - 0677 - 1 _ 14" type="book chapter" year="1989">Gontar & Denisenko 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 358
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AC611DA6FCA7" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73AC611DA6FCA7" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73AC611BFAFC89" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[151,653,768,793]" page="123" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73AC611BFAFC89" ID-CoL="6WTVW" authority=": Kubanin 1997, p. 123" authorityName="Kubanin" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,653,768,793]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AC6118D6FC88" box="[151,417,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE4BAC611B36FC89" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[431,577,768,793]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref91614" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1997) Phylum Tentaculata, subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin, O. G., Ivanova, M. B. & Tsurpalo, A. P. (Eds.), A check-list of Animals, Plants and Fungi from the Intertidal Zone of Far Eastern Seas of Russia. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 119 - 125. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 123
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Grischenko 2002, p. 115; 2003b, p. 237;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FBD0AC611994FCA7" author="Grischenko, A. V. & Ivanyushina, E. A." page="33" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="2002">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FBD0AC611C08FC89" author="Grischenko, A. V. & Ivanyushina, E. A." box="[1076,1407,768,793]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref90118" refString="Grischenko, A. V. & Ivanyushina, E. A. (2002) Hermatypic Bryozoa of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Tokranov, A. M. (Ed.), Conservation of Biodiversity of Kamchatka and Coastal Waters: Materials of the 3 rd Scientific Conference. KamchatNIRO, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, pp. 32 - 35. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2002">Grischenko & Ivanyushina 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 33
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF0AAC7E1B2DFCA7" author="Denisenko, N. V. & Kuklinski, P." box="[238,602,799,823]" page="48" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="2008">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FF0AAC7E1B6DFCA7" author="Denisenko, N. V. & Kuklinski, P." box="[238,538,799,823]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="35 - 50" refId="ref87596" refString="Denisenko, N. V. & Kuklinski, P. (2008) Historical development of research and current state of bryozoan diversity in the Chukchi Sea. In: Wyse Jackson, P. N. & Spencer Jones, M. E. (Eds.), Annals of Bryozoology 2: Aspects of the History of Research on Bryozoans. International Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp. 35 - 50." type="book chapter" year="2008">Denisenko & Kuklinski 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 48
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Kuklinski 2009, p. 228;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FCBFAC7E1D36FCA7" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[859,1089,799,823]" page="14" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="2011">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FCBFAC7E1D76FCA7" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[859,1025,799,823]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref87374" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (2011) Bryozoans of the East Siberian Sea: History of research and current knowledge of diversity. In: Wyse Jackson, P. N. & Spencer Jones, M. E. (Eds.), Annals of Bryozoology 3: Aspects of the History of Research on Bryozoans. International Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp. 1 - 15." type="book chapter" year="2011">Denisenko 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 14
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 2013, p. 184.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AC5F1D81FCC6" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" box="[151,1270,830,854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73AC5F1D81FCC6" box="[151,1270,830,854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73AC5F1BC3FCC6" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[151,692,830,854]" page="461" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1916">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73AC5F1BC3FCC6" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authority=": Levinsen 1916, p. 461" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityPageNumber="461" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,692,830,854]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AC5F18B5FCC6" box="[151,450,830,854]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE34AC5F1B1FFCC6" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[464,616,830,854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="432 - 472" refId="ref92264" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1916) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordostkyst 1906 - 1908. Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 432 - 472." type="journal article" year="1916">Levinsen 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 461
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FD5BAC5F1AEEFCC5" author="Nordgaard, O." box="[703,921,830,854]" page="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1929">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FD5BAC5F1A10FCC6" author="Nordgaard, O." box="[703,871,830,854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref93180" refString="Nordgaard, O. (1929) Bryozoa. The Norwegian Northern Polar Expedition with the " Maud " 1918 - 1925. Scientific Results, 5, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1929">Nordgaard 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 7
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FC40AC5F1D1EFCC6" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[932,1129,830,854]" page="55" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1933">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FC40AC5F1D5DFCC6" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[932,1066,830,854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="291 - 385" refId="ref93738" refString="Osburn, R. C. (1933) Bryozoa of the Mount Desert Region. In: Procter, W. (Ed.), Biological Survey of the Mount Desert Region. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 291 - 385." type="book chapter" year="1933">Osburn 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 55
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, pl. 10, fig. 8.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AC3D1D52FC03" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73AC3D1D52FC03" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73AC3D1BA3FCE5" author="Lukin, V. I." box="[151,724,860,885]" page="37" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1979">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73AC3D1BA3FCE5" ID-CoL="6WTVW" authority=": Lukin 1979, p. 37" authorityName="Lukin" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,724,860,885]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="bilaminata" subSpecies="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AC3D1B64FCE4" box="[151,531,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella bilaminata sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FDC4AC3D1BE0FCE5" author="Lukin, V. I." box="[544,663,860,885]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="11 - 60" refId="ref92381" refString="Lukin, V. I. (1979) Macrobenthic communities of the upper subtidal zone off Simushir Island. In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), Biology of the Shelf of the Kuril Islands. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, pp. 11 - 60. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1979">Lukin 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 37
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FD39AC3C1ADFFCE4" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[733,936,860,885]" page="246" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1979">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FD39AC3C1A29FCE5" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[733,862,861,885]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="234 - 248" refId="ref88158" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1979) Bryozoa of the order Cheilostomata in shallow water off Simushir Island. In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), Biology of the Shelf of the Kuril Islands. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, pp. 234 - 248 [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1979">Gontar 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 246
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 1992, p. 197; 1993b, p. 202; 1994a, p. 146; 1996, p. 46; 2010, p. 153; 2013, p. 48;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FDF7AC1A1A78FC03" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[531,783,891,915]" page="175" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FDF7AC1A1BB4FC03" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[531,707,891,915]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref89452" refString="Grischenko, A. V. (1997) Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Rzhavsky, A. V. (Ed.), Benthic Flora and Fauna of the Shelf Zone of the Commander Islands. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 153 - 192. [in Russian with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 175
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FCFEAC1A1D56FC03" author="Gontar, V. I. & Hop, H. & Voronkov, A. Yu." box="[794,1057,891,915]" page="194" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="2001">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FCFEAC1A1AA3FC03" author="Gontar, V. I. & Hop, H. & Voronkov, A. Yu." box="[794,980,891,915]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="187 - 204" refId="ref88781" refString="Gontar, V. I., Hop, H. & Voronkov, A. Yu. (2001) Diversity and distribution of Bryozoa in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Polish Polar Research, 22, 187 - 204." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
|||
|
|
Gontar
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FC82AC1D1AE4FC03" box="[870,915,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2001
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 194
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73ACFB1BBDFC22" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" box="[151,714,922,946]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73ACFB1BBDFC22" box="[151,714,922,946]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FF73ACFB1BB1FC22" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[151,710,922,946]" page="123" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73ACFB1BB1FC22" ID-CoL="4S3GZ" authority=": Kubanin 1997, p. 123" authorityName=": Kubanin" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,710,922,946]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="curvirostrata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73ACFB18AEFC21" box="[151,473,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella curvirostrata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE03ACFB1B0EFC22" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[487,633,922,946]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref91614" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1997) Phylum Tentaculata, subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin, O. G., Ivanova, M. B. & Tsurpalo, A. P. (Eds.), A check-list of Animals, Plants and Fungi from the Intertidal Zone of Far Eastern Seas of Russia. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 119 - 125. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 123
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73ACD91B15FC41" blockId="63.[151,1437,615,977]" box="[151,610,952,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B083302FF73ACD91B15FC41" box="[151,610,952,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FF73ACD91802FC40" box="[151,373,952,976]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73ACD91839FC40" box="[151,334,952,976]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhamphostomella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
sp.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B083302FE9BACD91B29FC41" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[383,606,952,977]" page="123" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B083302FE9BACD91B66FC41" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[383,529,952,977]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref91614" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1997) Phylum Tentaculata, subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin, O. G., Ivanova, M. B. & Tsurpalo, A. P. (Eds.), A check-list of Animals, Plants and Fungi from the Intertidal Zone of Far Eastern Seas of Russia. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 119 - 125. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, p. 123
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B083302FF73AC9F1A80F89E" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF73AC9F1D51FBF1" blockId="63.[151,1437,1022,1950]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF73AC9F1808FB88" bold="true" box="[151,383,1022,1048]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FE61AC9E1A64FBAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405342" collectingDate="1878-08-23" collectionCode="RV" elevation="11" latitude="76.666664" longLatPrecision="94" longitude="115.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="ZIRAS 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FE61AC9E1885FB88" box="[389,498,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B083302FE61AC9E1885FB88" box="[389,498,1023,1048]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FE1BAC9E1B28FB89" box="[511,607,1022,1049]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ZIRAS 1</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
/50730, two fragments from one colony,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FBC1AC9E1D3EFB89" box="[1061,1097,1023,1049]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FBABAC9E1DCFFB89" authority=", Stn" authorityName="Stn" box="[1103,1208,1023,1049]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Vega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FBABAC9E1DF2FB88" box="[1103,1157,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Vega</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Stn
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
71,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FB02AC9E1CEFFB89" box="[1254,1432,1023,1049]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1878-08-23">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FB02AC9E1CEFFB89" box="[1254,1432,1023,1049]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1878-08-23">23 August 1878</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, Laptev Sea,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FEC0AB4518D6FBAD" box="[292,417,1059,1087]" degrees="76" direction="north" minutes="40.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="76.666664">76°40.0ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FE49AB451B44FBAD" box="[429,563,1059,1087]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="30.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="115.5">115°30.0ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FD62AB421BA0FBAD" box="[646,727,1059,1085]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.9">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FD62AB421BA0FBAD" box="[646,727,1059,1085]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.9">10.9 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, clay
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FCFBAB421C50FBAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405413" box="[799,1319,1058,1085]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="ZIRAS 2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FCFBAB421ACBFBAD" box="[799,956,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B083302FCFBAB421ACBFBAD" box="[799,956,1059,1085]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FC28AB421D45FBAD" box="[972,1074,1058,1085]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ZIRAS 2</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
/50731, single colony
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FAD7AB421D55FBF1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405434" collectingDate="1878-08-23" collectionCode="RV" elevation="11" latitude="76.666664" longLatPrecision="94" longitude="115.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FAD7AB421C20FBAD" box="[1331,1367,1059,1085]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B083302FABBAB4219CBFBF1" authority=", Stn" authorityName="Stn" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Vega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FABBAB421CE2FBAC" box="[1375,1429,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Vega</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Stn
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
71,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FF0AAB2618D5FBF1" box="[238,418,1095,1121]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1878-08-23">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FF0AAB2618D5FBF1" box="[238,418,1095,1121]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1878-08-23">23 August 1878</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, Laptev Sea,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FDDCAB291BC3FBF1" box="[568,692,1095,1123]" degrees="76" direction="north" minutes="40.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="76.666664">76°40.0ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FD24AB291A32FBF1" box="[704,837,1095,1123]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="30.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="115.5">115°30.0ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FC72AB261A91FBF1" box="[918,998,1095,1121]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.9">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FC72AB261A91FBF1" box="[918,998,1095,1121]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.9">10.9 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, clay
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF23AB0A188BF9C9" blockId="63.[151,1437,1022,1950]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
P. Kuklinski Collection, one colony encrusting rock, Russian-German Expedition Transdrift 1,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FB0DAB0A1801FB5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405397" collectingDate="1993-08-18" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="M. K. Schmid & D. Piepenburg." elevation="22" latitude="74.5" location="Laptev Sea" longLatPrecision="95" longitude="137.08333" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FB0DAB0A1C7AFB15" box="[1257,1293,1131,1157]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FAF7AB0A1CE1FB14" box="[1299,1430,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FAF7AB0A1CE1FB14" box="[1299,1430,1131,1156]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ivan Kireev</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FF73ABEE19CBFB39" box="[151,188,1167,1193]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stn</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
48,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FF15ABEE18DEFB39" box="[241,425,1167,1193]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1993-08-18">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FF15ABEE18DEFB39" box="[241,425,1167,1193]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1993-08-18">18 August 1993</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FE52ABEE1B40FB39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FE52ABEE1B40FB39" box="[438,567,1167,1193]" latitude="74.5" longLatPrecision="95" longitude="137.08333" name="Laptev Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Laptev Sea</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FDA0ABF11BB5FB39" box="[580,706,1167,1195]" degrees="74" direction="north" minutes="30.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="74.5">74°30.0ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FD2BABF11A2FFB39" box="[719,856,1167,1195]" degrees="137" direction="east" minutes="05.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="137.08333">137°05.0ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FC48ABEE1A9EFB39" box="[940,1001,1167,1193]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="22.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FC48ABEE1A9EFB39" box="[940,1001,1167,1193]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, rock dredge, collectors
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FAE7ABEE1CEAFB39" box="[1283,1437,1167,1193]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">M.K. Schmid</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FF2EABD21801FB5D" box="[202,374,1203,1229]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">D. Piepenburg.</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FE9BABD21D69FB61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405417" collectionCode="ZIRAS" elevation="60" location="Russian Polar Expedition" municipality="Laptev Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="ZIRAS 2" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FE9BABD2189FFB5D" box="[383,488,1202,1229]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ZIRAS 2</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
/155–134, single colony fragment,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC98ABD21DD5FB5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC98ABD21DD5FB5D" box="[892,1186,1203,1229]" name="Russian Polar Expedition" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Russian Polar Expedition</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FB54ABD21DA3FB5D" box="[1200,1236,1203,1229]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FB3AABD21C56FB5C" box="[1246,1313,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FB3AABD21C56FB5C" box="[1246,1313,1203,1228]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zarya</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FAD6ABD21C3EFB5D" box="[1330,1353,1203,1229]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">St</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
46, 28
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FF73ABB6199FFB61" box="[151,232,1239,1265]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">August</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(3
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FEE9ABB618F0FB62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FEE9ABB618F0FB62" box="[269,391,1239,1266]" municipality="Laptev Sea" name="September" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">September</location>
|
|||
|
|
) 1901,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B083302FE3FABB61B2CFB61" box="[475,603,1239,1265]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Laptev Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FD4FABB61B91FB61" box="[683,742,1239,1265]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="60.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FD4FABB61B91FB61" box="[683,742,1239,1265]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, silt with stones, otter trawl
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FBCDABB61B50FA85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405451" collectionCode="ZIRAS" location="Russian Polar Expedition" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="ZIRAS 6" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FBCDABB61DF8FB61" box="[1065,1167,1238,1265]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ZIRAS 6</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
/155–134, single colony fragment,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FEEDAB9A1B50FA85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FEEDAB9A1B50FA85" box="[265,551,1275,1301]" name="Russian Polar Expedition" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Russian Polar Expedition</location>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FDD4AB9A1C49FAA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405471" collectingDate="1901-08" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Zarya & Stn" county="Kara Sea" elevation="9" latitude="75.9" location="Middendorff Bay" longLatPrecision="95" longitude="92.98333" municipality="Taymyr Peninsula" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FDD4AB9A1B23FA85" box="[560,596,1275,1301]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FDBEAB9A1BEAFA84" box="[602,669,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FDBEAB9A1BEAFA84" box="[602,669,1275,1300]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zarya</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FD4EAB9A1BB8FA85" box="[682,719,1275,1301]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stn</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
15, 18(31)
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FCA9AB9A1AA9FA85" box="[845,990,1275,1301]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1901-08">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FCA9AB9A1AA9FA85" box="[845,990,1275,1301]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1901-08">August 1901</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC0DAB9A1DDCFA85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC0DAB9A1DDCFA85" box="[1001,1195,1275,1301]" county="Kara Sea" latitude="75.9" longLatPrecision="95" longitude="92.98333" municipality="Taymyr Peninsula" name="Middendorff Bay" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Middendorff Bay</location>
|
|||
|
|
, eastern side of
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FABFAB9A1870FAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FABFAB9A1870FAA9" county="Kara Sea" latitude="75.9" longLatPrecision="95" longitude="92.98333" municipality="Taymyr Peninsula" name="Zarya Peninsula" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zarya Peninsula</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B083302FEF1AA7E1891FAA9" box="[277,486,1311,1337]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Taymyr Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B083302FE10AA7E1B28FAA9" box="[500,607,1311,1337]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kara Sea</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FD8AAA411B99FAA9" box="[622,750,1311,1339]" degrees="75" direction="north" minutes="54.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="75.9">75°54.0ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FD18AA411A0FFAA9" box="[764,888,1311,1339]" degrees="92" direction="east" minutes="59.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="92.98333">92°59.0ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FC2BAA7E1D24FAA9" box="[975,1107,1311,1337]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="10.7" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="9.3" valueMax="10.7" valueMin="7.9">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FC2BAA7E1D24FAA9" box="[975,1107,1311,1337]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="10.7" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="9.3" valueMax="10.7" valueMin="7.9">7.9–10.7 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, silted sand, dredge
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FAAFAA7E1B7CFACD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405388" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="ZIRAS 34" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FAAFAA7E19C4FACD" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ZIRAS 34</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
/50113, nine colony fragments
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FDF1AA221DF9FA11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405391" collectingDate="1992-07-23" collectionCode="KIENM" collectorName="Collection & Stn" county="Bering Sea" elevation="10" latitude="54.79" location="Rock Sivuchy Kamen" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.655" municipality="Commander Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FDF1AA221B06FACD" box="[533,625,1347,1373]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">KIENM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FD9CAA221B87FACD" box="[632,752,1347,1373]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Collection</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FD1EAA221A68FACD" box="[762,799,1347,1373]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stn</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
133,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FCBAAA221A86FACD" box="[862,1009,1347,1373]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1992-07-23">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FCBAAA221A86FACD" box="[862,1009,1347,1373]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1992-07-23">23 July 1992</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC18AA221D83FACD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC18AA221D83FACD" box="[1020,1268,1347,1373]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="54.79" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.655" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Rock Sivuchy Kamen" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rock Sivuchy Kamen</location>
|
|||
|
|
, coastal waters of
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FF5CAA061820FA11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FF5CAA061820FA11" box="[184,343,1383,1409]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="54.79" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.655" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Medny Island</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B083302FE81AA061B3CFA11" box="[357,587,1383,1409]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Commander Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B083302FDBCAA061BAEFA11" box="[600,729,1383,1409]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FD02AA091A12FA11" box="[742,869,1383,1411]" degrees="54" direction="north" minutes="47.4" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="54.79">54°47.4ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FC96AA091A8CFA11" box="[882,1019,1383,1411]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="39.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="167.655">167°39.3ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FBB5AA061DF9FA11" box="[1105,1166,1383,1409]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FBB5AA061DF9FA11" box="[1105,1166,1383,1409]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FB78AA061D8BFA11" box="[1180,1276,1383,1409]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
, collector
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FA90AA06185CFA35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405423" collectionCode="V" location="Shalukhanov" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FA90AA061CFCFA11" box="[1396,1419,1383,1409]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
.I.
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FF73AAEA185CFA35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FF73AAEA185CFA35" box="[151,299,1419,1445]" name="Shalukhanov" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Shalukhanov</location>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FEDCAAEA1AAFFA35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405320" box="[312,984,1418,1445]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="NHMUK 2013.10" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FEDCAAEA1B7CFA35" box="[312,523,1418,1445]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">NHMUK 2013.10</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
.21.5, one colony encrusting oyster shell
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FC01AAEA1B09FA7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405494" collectingDate="2011-07-03" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Norseman & Stn LT" county="Bering Sea" elevation="10" latitude="51.443333" location="Longshot" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FC01AAEA1D7EFA35" box="[997,1033,1419,1445]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FBF6AAEA1DF2FA34" box="[1042,1157,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FBF6AAEA1DF2FA34" box="[1042,1157,1419,1444]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Norseman</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FB71AAEA1D90FA35" box="[1173,1255,1419,1445]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stn LT</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
–2,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FAEBAAEA1CEFFA35" box="[1295,1432,1419,1445]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-07-03">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FAEBAAEA1CEFFA35" box="[1295,1432,1419,1445]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-07-03">3 July 2011</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FF73AACE1873FA59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FF73AACE1873FA59" box="[151,260,1455,1481]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Longshot" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Longshot</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FEF6AACE1885FA59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FEF6AACE1885FA59" box="[274,498,1455,1481]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="East of Square Bay" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">East of Square Bay</location>
|
|||
|
|
, coastal waters of
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FD2DAACE1AFFFA59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FD2DAACE1AFFFA59" box="[713,904,1455,1481]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Amchitka Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amchitka Island</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC72AACE1D6EFA59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC72AACE1D6EFA59" box="[918,1049,1455,1481]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Rat Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rat Islands</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B083302FBC3AACE1C35FA59" box="[1063,1346,1455,1481]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">western Aleutian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B083302FAB4AACE19B5FA7D" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FF35AAB51827FA7D" box="[209,336,1491,1519]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="26.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="51.443333">51°26.6ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FEBBAAB5189FFA7D" box="[351,488,1491,1519]" degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="12.2" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="179.20334">179°12.2ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FDA4AAB21B09FA7D" box="[576,638,1491,1517]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FDA4AAB21B09FA7D" box="[576,638,1491,1517]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FD69AAB21B9AFA7D" box="[653,749,1491,1517]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
, collector
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FC8CAAB21A8BFA7D" box="[872,1020,1491,1517]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. Kuklinski.</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FBE1AAB218EAF981" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405394" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="NHMUK 2013.10" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B083302FBE1AAB21DAEFA7D" box="[1029,1241,1491,1517]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">NHMUK 2013.10</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
.21.6, one colony encrusting oyster shell
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B083302FE4FAA961CE0F9A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405311" collectingDate="2011-07-08" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Norseman & Stn CT" county="Pacific Ocean" elevation="13" latitude="51.476665" location="Cannikin" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.12167" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FE4FAA9618B8F981" box="[427,463,1527,1553]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RV</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FE3EAA961B3AF980" box="[474,589,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FE3EAA961B3AF980" box="[474,589,1527,1552]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Norseman</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FDBAAA961BC1F981" box="[606,694,1527,1553]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stn CT</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
–1,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FF9EB4A20B083302FD3BAA961A1CF981" box="[735,875,1527,1553]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-07-08">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B083302FD3BAA961A1CF981" box="[735,875,1527,1553]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-07-08">8 July 2011</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC9DAA961A94F981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC9DAA961A94F981" box="[889,995,1527,1553]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.476665" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.12167" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Cannikin" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Cannikin</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FC15AA961DBCF981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FC15AA961DBCF981" box="[1009,1227,1527,1553]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.476665" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.12167" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="White Alice Creek" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">White Alice Creek</location>
|
|||
|
|
, coastal waters of
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FF73A97A1821F9A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FF73A97A1821F9A5" box="[151,342,1563,1589]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.476665" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.12167" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Amchitka Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amchitka Island</location>
|
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|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EFFC4B90B083302FE87A97A1892F9A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B08337FFF73AE9F1D12F896:8EFFC4B90B083302FE87A97A1892F9A5" box="[355,485,1563,1589]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.476665" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.12167" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Rat Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rat Islands</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B083302FE16A97A1A7BF9A5" box="[498,780,1563,1589]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">western Aleutian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B083302FCFDA97A1ACDF9A5" box="[793,954,1563,1589]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FC23A97D1D31F9A5" box="[967,1094,1563,1591]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="28.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="51.476665">51°28.6ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B083302FBB7A97D1DACF9A5" box="[1107,1243,1563,1591]" degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="07.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="179.12167">179°07.3ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B083302FAD4A97B1CE0F9A5" box="[1328,1431,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="000D75510B083302FAD4A97B1CE0F9A5" box="[1328,1431,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FF73A95E1980F9C9" box="[151,247,1599,1625]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
, collector
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B083302FE88A95E188BF9C9" box="[364,508,1599,1625]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. Kuklinski.</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF23A9031A80F89E" blockId="63.[151,1437,1022,1950]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF23A90318CDF9EC" bold="true" box="[199,442,1634,1660]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D2659EB0B083302FE26A9021B1CF9ED" box="[450,619,1635,1661]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">310 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
. E.F. Guryanova Collection (1931) Stn 223; IMB Collection (1972) Stns 5/12, 59/167; (1973) Stns 113/302, 113/305, 113/306, 217/558;
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FC92A9E61AA5F931" box="[886,978,1671,1697]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">KIENM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
Collection (1988) Stn 326; (1991) Stns 196, 197, 198, 199, 203, 208, 215, 217, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 236; (1992) Stns 19, 20, 25, 27, 32, 34, 57, 63, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 76, 77, 79, 87, 97, 99, 100, 105, 118, 120, 124, 128, 130, 133, 144, 148; A.
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B083302FB1FA9AE1C66F979" box="[1275,1297,1743,1769]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
. Grischenko Collection (1990) Stns 5, 15; (1992) Stns 1, 7, 8 (see Appendix 1 for details).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B08337FFF23A8761A1AFF69" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B083302FF23A8761B1AF80E" blockId="63.[151,1437,1022,1950]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FF23A8761809F8A1" bold="true" box="[199,382,1815,1841]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
ZIRAS 34/50113, Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FB69A8761C6DF8A1" box="[1165,1306,1815,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 19A–L</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B083302FACDA8761C2AF8A1" box="[1321,1373,1815,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">30H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). ZL, 0.68–1.03 (0.80 ± 0.09). ZW, 0.36–0.51 (0.44 ± 0.04). ZD, 0.49–0.65 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B083302FC52A85A1AB3F8C4" box="[950,964,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 2). OrL, 0.22–0.36 (0.28 ± 0.03). OrW, 0.24–0.35 (0.29 ± 0.03). OeL, 0.20–0.30 (0.26 ± 0.03). OeW, 0.30–0.38 (0.36 ± 0.02). Av(s)L, 0.15–0.31 (0.22 ± 0.04). P(m)N, 7–15 (12). P(oe)N, 0–9 (6).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF5FC2EA0B77337DFF73A9AA1B0AF870" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" targetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" targetPageId="64">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B77337DFF73A9AA1B0AF870" blockId="64.[151,1437,1739,2016]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B77337DFF73A9AA1857F973" bold="true" box="[151,288,1739,1763]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B77337DFEC2A9AA1BBEF973" authority="(Kluge, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[294,713,1739,1763]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B77337DFEC2A9AA1B47F973" box="[294,560,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Rhamphostomella sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B77337DFDDAA9AA1BB6F973" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[574,705,1739,1763]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AFF61B9FFE8D" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
NHMUK 2013.10.21.5, Amchitka Island, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea. ZL, 0.43–0.88 (0.64 ± 0.07). ZW, 0.28– 0.49 (0.38 ± 0.05). ZD, 0.45–0.54 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFDFBAFDA1B5AFF44" box="[543,557,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 2). OrL, 0.21–0.30 (0.25 ± 0.02) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFC25AFDA1AB8FF44" box="[961,975,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 21). OrW, 0.23–0.30 (0.27 ± 0.02) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFA9CAFDA1CF1FF44" box="[1400,1414,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 22). OeL, 0.21–0.31 (0.26 ± 0.02) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFDFBAFBE1B5AFF68" box="[543,557,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 20). OeW, 0.25–0.39 (0.33 ± 0.02) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFC33AFBE1A92FF68" box="[983,997,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 23). Av(s)L, 0.18–0.50 (0.28 ± 0.10). P(m)N, 6–12 (10) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFE8BAE62180AFE8C" box="[367,381,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 10). P(oe)N, 5–9 (7) (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFD6BAE621BEAFE8C" box="[655,669,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 20).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AE461BADFEF5" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
P. Kuklinski Collection, Amchitka Island, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFC06AE461D3FFED1" box="[994,1096,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-497@80.[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 25. Ancestrulae with periancestrular zooids in colonies of three Rhamphostomella species. A. R. scabra, A.V. Grischenko Collection (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk). B. R. sibirica, P. Kuklinski Collection (Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, western Aleutian Islands). C. R. spinigera, Paralectotype, NHMW 92536 (Jan Mayen), initial part of colony. Scale bars: 250 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544578/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). AnL, 0.36 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFB3DAE461D90FED0" box="[1241,1255,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 1). AnW, 0.26 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFF45AE2A19D8FEF4" box="[161,175,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 1). AnOpL, 0.16 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFE71AE2A18D4FEF4" box="[405,419,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 1). AnOpW, 0.15 (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFD74AE2A1BE9FEF4" box="[656,670,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
= 1).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AE0F18C1FDAD" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFF23AE0F182EFE18" bold="true" box="[199,345,366,392]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Description.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Colonies encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFC82AE0E1AB8FE19" box="[870,975,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), more or less circular, attaining
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B76337CFAAFAE0E1CEAFE19" box="[1355,1437,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in any one direction, bright-orange or red-brown when alive, light-orange to yellowish when dry. Free-growing bilaminate folds or occasionally multilayered zooidal aggregations with free spaces between adjoining zooidal layers developing in some colonies. Zooids of moderate size, irregularly hexagonal, oval or irregular in shape, tapering proximally, packed in quincunx, demarcated by fine sutures between lateral and transverse walls in all parts of colony, young and old.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AD261BCBFCA9" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Frontal shield umbonuloid (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDECAD261BFCFDF1" box="[520,651,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A, I</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), thin, moderately convex, smooth to gently dimpled on avicularian cystid, with large areolae along zooidal lateral walls, separated by interareolar ridges (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFB6FAD0A1C37FD15" box="[1163,1344,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A, D–H</figureCitation>
|
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); ridges elongate, relatively low and thin in young zooids (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFD2FADEE1A22FD39" box="[715,853,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A, D</figureCitation>
|
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|
), tall and thick in older zooids, conferring to frontal shield a strongly costate appearance (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDA4ADD21BBDFD5D" box="[576,714,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19E–H</figureCitation>
|
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). As calcification progresses, ridges join along zooidal midline; some ridges connected to peristomial lappets and cystid of suboral avicularium. Umbonuloid component extensive, occupying about 60% of length of frontal shield (57% in one measured zooid), with parallel lineation and accretionary banding (
|
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFEE5AC7E1829FCA9" box="[257,350,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19I</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Ring scar discrete (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDAEAC7E1BD8FCA9" box="[586,687,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19L</figureCitation>
|
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|
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).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
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|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AC221ADDFC35" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
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|
|
Primary orifice (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFE9BAC221B73FCCD" box="[383,516,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A, B</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
) submerged, subcircular or sometimes oval; distal and lateral rim formed by upper terminal part of distal transverse wall. Distal margin of orifice rounded, proximal margin concave, with median, bifurcate or, sometimes, alate lyrula (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDDCACEA1BA2FC35" box="[568,725,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19B, C, I</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Condyles absent.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23ACCE1B5AFB55" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Secondary orifice (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFE47ACCE1B58FC59" box="[419,559,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19D–H</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
) asymmetrically oval to broadly triangular, cormidial, distolateral curvature formed by extensions of proximal and lateral walls of distal and distolateral zooids (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFB81ACB21DB8FC7D" box="[1125,1231,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
); proximally with deep, V-shaped pseudosinus defined by flared lappets from frontal shield, one of them concurrently fusing with cystid of suboral avicularium (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFE1EAB7A1BFEFBA5" box="[506,649,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19D–H</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). In ovicellate zooids, lappets not fused with proximolateral corners of ooecia; instead, opposing lobes of secondary calcification growing from lateral walls of neighbouring zooids towards each other over proximal part of ectooecium (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFCE4AB021AFFFBED" box="[768,904,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19F–H</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). These lobes together with peristomial lappets and avicularian cystid forming incomplete circle giving tubular, transversely oval to irregularly triangular outline to secondary orifice. No oral spines.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23ABAE1871FA51" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Cystid of suboral avicularium ocсupying from one-fifth to one-third of frontal zooidal wall, elevated, broad, with dimpled surface and 2–3 communication pores, asymmetrically situated on the left or right side proximal to orifice (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFF44AA761858FAA1" box="[160,303,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19A–H</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Frontal surface (rostral/postmandibular areas) of avicularium slightly concave, crossing zooidal midline, facing distally or obliquely frontally. Rostrum elongate-triangular, slightly curved laterally, occasionally with hooked tip, directed distolaterally and upwards (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFD0DAA3E1A27FAE9" box="[745,848,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Palate elongate-triangular, with rounded distal end, insignificantly curved laterally, foramen elongate-oval, with distal cryptocystal shelf; opesia semicircular. Crossbar complete.
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AAAA1881FA75" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,502,1483,1509]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">No adventitious avicularia.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23AA8E1C6AF92D" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Ovicells initially hyperstomial, becoming subimmersed in older parts of colony by overgrowth of ooecium by secondary calcification (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFE49A9721B43F9BD" box="[429,564,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Fig. 19F
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B76337CFDEAA9721B6BF9BD" bold="true" box="[526,540,1555,1581]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">–</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
H
|
|||
|
|
</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Ooecium formed by distal autozooid; ooecial fold developing concurrently with frontal shield of distal autozooid at colony periphery. Ooecial coelomic cavity connecting to visceral coelom via communication canal opening on underside of proximal part of frontal shield of distal zooid as straight slit-like communication pore situated near transverse wall (
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFD29A91E1A5EF909" box="[717,809,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19I</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Ooecium hemispherical, smooth, with weakly concave proximal margin and 4–8 circular to oval pseudopores, sometimes occluded by secondary calcification.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23A9A61CEEF895" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Zooids interconnected by 2‒3 mural pore chambers in each distolateral wall (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFBCFA9A61DE7F971" box="[1067,1168,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19L</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). Communication pores spread through basal part of transverse walls either as wide horizontal “band” or forming two multiporous septula.
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337CFF23A86E18AFF805" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Basal surface of zooids (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFE0DA86E1B3DF8B9" box="[489,586,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 19J</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDBDA86E1BFCF8B9" box="[601,651,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">30H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) fully calcified, smooth, thin, with numerous tubular protuberances (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B76337CFF7BA8521834F8DD" box="[159,323,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="0.18" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.28 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in diameter) and occasional fine transverse lineation on surface. Numerous white spots (presumably less-calcified areas) visible in semitransparent basal wall by light microscopy. Boundaries between zooids indicated basally by sinuous incisions.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B76337FFF23A8FE1A1AFF69" blockId="65.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
|||
|
|
Ancestrula modified tatiform (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B76337CFDC4A8FE1BF0F829" box="[544,647,1950,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-497@80.[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 25. Ancestrulae with periancestrular zooids in colonies of three Rhamphostomella species. A. R. scabra, A.V. Grischenko Collection (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk). B. R. sibirica, P. Kuklinski Collection (Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, western Aleutian Islands). C. R. spinigera, Paralectotype, NHMW 92536 (Jan Mayen), initial part of colony. Scale bars: 250 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544578/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), oval, basal wall with central uncalcified window; ancestrular opesia longitudinally oval, occupying distal half of cystid; eight spines evenly distributed around opesial margin.Ancestrula budding triplet of periancestrular zooids distally and distolaterally (left distolateral zooid not developed in
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B75337FFA94AFF619BDFF45" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-497@80.[151,1436,1389,1793]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 25. Ancestrulae with periancestrular zooids in colonies of three Rhamphostomella species. A. R. scabra, A.V. Grischenko Collection (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk). B. R. sibirica, P. Kuklinski Collection (Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, western Aleutian Islands). C. R. spinigera, Paralectotype, NHMW 92536 (Jan Mayen), initial part of colony. Scale bars: 250 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544578/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); periancestrular zooids similar to but smaller than subsequent zooids, with distal zooid bearing two hollow, ephemeral oral spines incorporated in lateral peristomial lappets.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B75337FFF23AE621DBDFE3D" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B75337FFF23AE6218E6FEF5" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF23AE62184CFE8D" bold="true" box="[199,315,259,285]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
In contrast with early descriptions of an exclusively encrusting colony form in this species, some specimens we examined had erect, free-growing bilaminate folds or occasionally formed a multilayered compound aggregation of zooids.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B75337FFF23AE0E1DBDFE3D" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
|
Although
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFED3AE0E18B1FE19" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[311,454,367,393]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE34AE0F1B7EFE19" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[464,521,366,393]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) mentioned the presence of tiny condyles, we did not observe them, although their presence/absence possibly falls into the range of variation for orificial characters in this species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B75337FFF23AED61BBFFC35" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B75337FFF23AED61BBFFC35" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFF23AED6189AFE41" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[199,493,439,465]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF23AED6189AFE41" box="[199,493,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Rhamphostomella sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
strongly resembles
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD2DAED61A17FE41" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[713,864,439,465]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD2DAED61BADFE40" box="[713,730,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD03AED61A17FE41" box="[743,864,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and the species was long considered to be a variety or subspecies of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFEB5AEBA189EFE65" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[337,489,475,501]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEB5AEBA1815FE64" box="[337,354,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFE94AEBA189EFE65" box="[368,489,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE13AEBA1B08FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[503,639,475,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD6DAEBB1BB3FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[649,708,474,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91110" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1952) Bryozoa of the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Strait. In: Ushakov, P. V. (Ed.), Far North-East of the USSR. Vol. 2. Fauna and Flora of the Chukchi Sea. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, Leningrad, USSR, pp. 138 - 168. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1952">1952</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD2BAEBB1A7DFE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[719,778,474,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="169 - 179" refId="ref91183" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1953) Class Bryozoa. In: Ushakov, P. V. (Ed.), Fauna of the Sea of Okhotsk and Conditions of its Existence. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, USSR, pp. 169 - 179. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCF0AEBB1A38FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[788,847,474,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="99 - 109" refId="ref91241" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1955) Bryozoa. In: Ushakov, P. V. (Ed.), Atlas of Invertebrates of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, Leningrad, USSR, pp. 99 - 109. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1955">1955</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCBEAEBA1AE3FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[858,916,475,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC7BAEBA1AADFE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[927,986,475,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC00AEBA1D68FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[996,1055,475,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="181 - 190" refId="ref91379" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1964) Bryozoa from the region of Franz-Josef Land. Transactions of the Institute of Arctic and Antarctic, 259, 181 - 190. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFBCEAEBB1D12FE65" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1066,1125,474,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB94AEBA1C25FE65" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1136,1362,474,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="434 - 471" refId="ref89200" refString="Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1957) Bryozoa of the White Sea. Materials of Complex Investigations of the White Sea, 1, 434 - 471. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Gostilovskaya 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAB8AEBA1CE0FE65" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1372,1431,475,501]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref89329" refString="Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1978) Bryozoa of the White Sea. Nauka, Leningrad, USSR, 248 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF73AE9E1810FD89" author="Kluge, G. A. & Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[151,359,510,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="173 - 256" refId="ref91442" refString="Kluge, G. A., Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1959) Class Bryozoa. The list of marine fauna of the southern Sakhalin and southern Kuril Islands. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 6, 173 - 256. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
Kluge
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF02AE9E186CFD89" box="[230,283,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE92AE9E1B6BFD89" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[374,540,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="30 - 35" refId="ref91578" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1976) Intertidal Bryozoa of Zavyalov Island (Sea of Okhotsk). Biologiya Morya, 1, 30 - 35. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1976">Kubanin 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFDCDAE9E1B9DFD89" author="Androsova, E. I." box="[553,746,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="194 - 204" refId="ref86166" refString="Androsova, E. I. (1977) Bryozoa in the biocenoses of the Arctic Ocean (Franz Josef Land). Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 14, 194 - 204. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1977">Androsova 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD1DAE9E1AFBFD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[761,908,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="234 - 248" refId="ref88158" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1979) Bryozoa of the order Cheilostomata in shallow water off Simushir Island. In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), Biology of the Shelf of the Kuril Islands. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, pp. 234 - 248 [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1979">Gontar 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC7EAE9E1AA2FD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[922,981,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref88216" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1980) Bryozoan Fauna of the Order Cheilostomata of the Kuril Islands Coastal Waters. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 226 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC00AE9E1D68FD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[996,1055,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="130 - 138" refId="ref88325" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1990) Bryozoa of the Laptev Sea and New Siberian shoals. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 37, 130 - 138. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFBC9AE9E1D01FD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1069,1142,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="200 - 203" refId="ref88450" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1993 b) Phylum Bryozoa. List of invertebrate species of the continental slope of the Kuril Islands. Exploration of the Fauna of the Seas, 46, 200 - 203. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1993">1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB61AE9E1DBBFD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1157,1228,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref88494" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1994 a) Distribution and ecology of Bryozoa in the coastal waters of the Chuan Bay of the East Siberian Sea. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 47, 144 - 147. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1994">1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB3EAE9E1C62FD89" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1242,1301,511,537]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="45 - 47" refId="ref88594" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1996) Bryozoa collected by the ' Polarstern' expedition in 1991 and 1993. Zoosystematica Rossica, 4, 45 - 47." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAC0AE9E19A5FDAD" author="Denisenko, N. V." pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref87248" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1988) Distribution and Ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea and Adjacent Areas of the Arctic Ocean. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 207 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1988">Denisenko 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF05AD42186BFDAD" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[225,284,547,573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref87292" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1990) Distribution and ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea. Kolsky Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Appatity, USSR, 156 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFECFAD421B15FDAD" author="Gontar, V. I. & Denisenko, N. V." box="[299,610,547,573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="341 - 371" refId="ref88701" refString="Gontar, V. I. & Denisenko, N. V. (1989) Arctic Ocean Bryozoa. In: Herman, Y. (Ed.), The Arctic Seas. Climatology, Oceanography, Geology, and Biology. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, USA, pp. 341 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4613 - 0677 - 1 _ 14" type="book chapter" year="1989">Gontar & Denisenko 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD96AD421A4EFDAD" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[626,825,547,573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref89452" refString="Grischenko, A. V. (1997) Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Rzhavsky, A. V. (Ed.), Benthic Flora and Fauna of the Shelf Zone of the Commander Islands. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 153 - 192. [in Russian with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). However,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFC2CAD421D36FDAD" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[968,1089,547,573]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFC2CAD421AAEFDAC" box="[968,985,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFC0FAD421D36FDAD" box="[1003,1089,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFB3BAD421C0CFDAD" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[1247,1403,547,573]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFB3BAD421D87FDAC" box="[1247,1264,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFAE6AD421C0CFDAD" box="[1282,1403,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the following characters: 1) zooids are longer in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD24AD261A41FDF1" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[704,822,583,609]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD24AD261BA6FDF0" box="[704,721,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD04AD261A41FDF1" box="[736,822,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, with the mean length of zooids only just overlapping (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B75337FFF7BAD0A1832FD15" box="[159,325,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.199999999999999" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.72" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.64">0.64–0.80 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFE89AD0A1893FD15" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[365,484,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFE89AD0A1809FD14" box="[365,382,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFE6AAD0A1893FD15" box="[398,484,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
vs
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B75337FFDEAAD0B1BC4FD15" box="[526,691,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" metricValueMax="6.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.62" valueMax="0.69" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.69 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD3EAD0A1A03FD15" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[730,884,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD3EAD0A1B9CFD14" box="[730,747,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD1FAD0A1A03FD15" box="[763,884,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
); 2) the frontal shield is flattened to moderately convex in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFEF5ADEE18FFFD39" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[273,392,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEF5ADEE1855FD38" box="[273,290,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFED6ADEE18FFFD39" box="[306,392,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, whereas most zooids are swollen in the distal half in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFBE5ADEE1DECFD39" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[1025,1179,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFBE5ADEE1D65FD38" box="[1025,1042,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFBC6ADEE1DECFD39" box="[1058,1179,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; 3) interareolar ridges are numerous, prominent and long in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFDA5ADD21BC0FD5D" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[577,695,691,717]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFDA5ADD21B25FD5C" box="[577,594,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD85ADD21BC0FD5D" box="[609,695,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B75337FFD23ADD21A38FD5D" box="[711,847,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 19D–H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) but very short, sparse or occasionally lacking in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFA60ADD21867FD61" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFA60ADD21CE2FD5C" box="[1412,1429,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF73ADB61867FD61" box="[151,272,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B75337FFEC5ADB618FCFD61" box="[289,395,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[199,1387,181,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-17@43.[199,1387,181,1657]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 12. Rhamphostomella bilaminata (Hincks, 1877). A, E, F. ZIRAS 23/50121 (western Kamchatka, Sea of Okhotsk). B–D, G–I. NHMUK 1911.10.1.1579A (Gulf of St Lawrence, Atlantic Ocean). J–L. ZIRAS 24/50122 (Avacha Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Distal view of ovicellate zooids, showing proximal margin of primary orifice with lyrula and denticles. C. Suboral avicularium. D. Non-ovicellate zooids with additional calcified layer expanding over frontal shield. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F. Zooids with developing and one completed ooecia. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Suboral avicularium in ovicellate zooid. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing umbonuloid component and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component, and median lyrula and two sinuses. L. Lateral view of zooid with a peristome, suboral avicularium, and ooecium; zooidal lateral wall shows mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, 250 μm; B, E, F, H, I, 100 μm; C, K, 50 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521156/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); 4) the avicularian cystid has a neatly dimpled surface in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFBC2ADB61DEAFD61" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1062,1181,727,753]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFBC2ADB61D40FD60" box="[1062,1079,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFBA3ADB61DEAFD61" box="[1095,1181,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
but is entirely smooth in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFF51AD9A1839FC85" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[181,334,763,789]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF51AD9A19B1FC84" box="[181,198,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF31AD9A1839FC85" box="[213,334,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; 5) the suboral avicularia have an elongate triangular rostrum with a slightly curved distal end in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFF73AC7E1879FCA9" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[151,270,799,825]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF73AC7E19DFFCA8" box="[151,168,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF5CAC7E1879FCA9" box="[184,270,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, whereas they are broadly lingulate in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD2DAC7E1A14FCA9" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[713,867,799,825]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD2DAC7E1BADFCA8" box="[713,730,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD0EAC7E1A14FCA9" box="[746,867,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; 6) the opposing peristomial lappets are generally convergent in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFEDEAC2218A4FCCD" ID-CoL="4S3GV" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1916" box="[314,467,835,861]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bilaminata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEDEAC22183CFCCC" box="[314,331,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEBEAC2218A4FCCD" box="[346,467,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">bilaminata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, defining a narrow U-shaped pseudosinus in the secondary orifice (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B75337FFB32AC221C14FCCD" box="[1238,1379,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[199,1387,181,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-17@43.[199,1387,181,1657]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 12. Rhamphostomella bilaminata (Hincks, 1877). A, E, F. ZIRAS 23/50121 (western Kamchatka, Sea of Okhotsk). B–D, G–I. NHMUK 1911.10.1.1579A (Gulf of St Lawrence, Atlantic Ocean). J–L. ZIRAS 24/50122 (Avacha Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Distal view of ovicellate zooids, showing proximal margin of primary orifice with lyrula and denticles. C. Suboral avicularium. D. Non-ovicellate zooids with additional calcified layer expanding over frontal shield. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F. Zooids with developing and one completed ooecia. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Suboral avicularium in ovicellate zooid. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing umbonuloid component and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component, and median lyrula and two sinuses. L. Lateral view of zooid with a peristome, suboral avicularium, and ooecium; zooidal lateral wall shows mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, 250 μm; B, E, F, H, I, 100 μm; C, K, 50 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521156/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 12G, H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), but these are separated and the pseudosinus is V-shaped in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFCF0AC061AFCFC11" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[788,907,871,897]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFCF0AC061A52FC10" box="[788,805,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFCD1AC061AFCFC11" box="[821,907,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B75337FFC78AC061D52FC11" box="[924,1061,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-20@64.[176,1411,181,1715]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 19. Rhamphostomella sibirica (Kluge, 1929). ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing zooids and ooecia. B. Zooids near colony margin showing form of primary orifice with lyrula. C. Suboral avicularium and lyrula. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony. E. Zooids with developing ooecia. F, G. Ovicellate zooids in older parts of colony. H. Ovicellate zooid in older part of colony. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, umbo, ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Basal surface of colony with tubular protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing suboral avicularium and zooidal lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, G, J, 500 μm; B, E, F, 250 μm; C, K, 50 μm; H, I, 100 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544566/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 19F–H</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Based on these differences, we consider
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFF19ACEA1805FC35" ID-CoL="6WTVW" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[253,370,907,933]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF19ACEA1879FC34" box="[253,270,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEF8ACEA1805FC35" box="[284,370,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to represent a distinct species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B75337FFF23ACCE1B4AFB31" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B75337FFF23ACCE1B4AFB31" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF23ACCE185BFC59" bold="true" box="[199,300,943,969]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFED5ACCE1B2FFC59" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[305,600,943,969]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFED5ACCE1B2FFC59" box="[305,600,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Rhamphostomella sibirica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has been recorded at depths of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CD83F870B75337FFC55ACCE1D64FC59" box="[945,1043,943,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="17.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="85.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="0.0">0–170 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
on various bottom
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B75337FFB0CACCE1C54FC59" box="[1256,1315,943,969]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(including silty plateaux, vertical rocky surfaces and crevices) and substrates (boulders, blocks, pebbles, gravel, sand and silt). Colonies encrust holdfasts of brown algae (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD6AAC961A49FB81" authorityName="Postels & Ruprecht" authorityYear="1840" box="[654,830,1015,1041]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Alariaceae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Laminariales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD6AAC961A49FB81" box="[654,830,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Alaria fistulosa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFCAAAC961D4EFB81" box="[846,1081,1015,1041]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Laminariaceae" genus="Laminaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Laminariales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="dentigera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFCAAAC961D4EFB81" box="[846,1081,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Laminaria dentigera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, etc.), red algae (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFAE3AC961855FBA4" authorityName="Postels & Ruprecht" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="S.G.Gmelin" family="Dumontiaceae" genus="Constantinea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cryptonemiales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="rosa-marina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFAE3AC961855FBA4" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Constantinea rosa-marina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, etc.), and the species also occurs as a component of the crytic communities in the cavities formed by the coralline red alga
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFE72AB5E1B82FBC8" authorityName="Lebednik" authorityYear="1977" box="[406,757,1087,1113]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Hapalidiaceae" genus="Clathromorphum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Corallinales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nereostratum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFE72AB5E1B82FBC8" box="[406,757,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Clathromorphum nereostratum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Other substrata include sponges, hydroids, bivalve shells, ascidians and other bryozoans (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFE1AAB021B96FBED" baseAuthorityName="O'Donoghue & O'Donoghue" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[510,737,1123,1149]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Tegella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aquilirostris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFE1AAB021B96FBED" box="[510,737,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tegella aquilirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFD15AB021D75FBED" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[753,1026,1123,1149]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFD15AB021D75FBED" box="[753,1026,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Scrupocellaria elongata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFBF6AB021D88FBED" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1042,1279,1123,1149]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Myriaporidae" genus="Myriapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFBF6AB021D88FBED" box="[1042,1279,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Myriapora orientalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFAEBAB02198EFB31" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFAEBAB02198EFB31" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Phidolopora elongata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFEE3ABE61B5AFB31" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[263,557,1159,1185]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Celleporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nordenskjoldi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFEE3ABE61B5AFB31" box="[263,557,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Celleporina nordenskjoldi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B75337FFF23ABCB1D12F896" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B75337FFF23ABCB1D12F896" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,1798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF23ABCB1816FB54" bold="true" box="[199,353,1194,1220]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
This is a boreal-Arctic, circumpolar, sublittoral species. Numerous Arctic records include the Barents Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFECDABAE18C1FB79" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[297,438,1231,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="3 - 320" refId="ref95369" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1868 a) Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozoer. Part 4. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Forhandlingar, 25, 3 - 320." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt 1868a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE25ABAE1B31FB79" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[449,582,1231,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFDB5ABAF1BFBFB79" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[593,652,1230,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD73ABAE1A27FB79" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[663,848,1231,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref87248" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1988) Distribution and Ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea and Adjacent Areas of the Arctic Ocean. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 207 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1988">Denisenko 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCBEABAE1AE1FB79" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[858,918,1231,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref87292" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1990) Distribution and ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea. Kolsky Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Appatity, USSR, 156 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), White Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFBCDABAE1C7AFB79" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1065,1293,1230,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="434 - 471" refId="ref89200" refString="Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1957) Bryozoa of the White Sea. Materials of Complex Investigations of the White Sea, 1, 434 - 471. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Gostilovskaya 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAF3ABAE1C25FB79" author="Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1303,1362,1231,1257]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref89329" refString="Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1978) Bryozoa of the White Sea. Nauka, Leningrad, USSR, 248 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Kara Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF34AB92182DFA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[208,346,1267,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE82AB9218D6FA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[358,417,1267,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE4AAB93189EFA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[430,489,1266,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Denisenko 2021), Laptev Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCB3AB921A97FA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[855,992,1267,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC09AB921D5FFA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1005,1064,1267,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFBD1AB931D07FA9D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1077,1136,1266,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB99AB921C79FA9D" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1149,1294,1267,1293]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="130 - 138" refId="ref88325" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1990) Bryozoa of the Laptev Sea and New Siberian shoals. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 37, 130 - 138. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1990">Gontar 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAFFAB921C20FA9E" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1307,1367,1267,1294]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="45 - 47" refId="ref88594" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1996) Bryozoa collected by the ' Polarstern' expedition in 1991 and 1993. Zoosystematica Rossica, 4, 45 - 47." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), East Siberian Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFECBAA76189EFAA1" author="Nordgaard, O." box="[303,489,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref93180" refString="Nordgaard, O. (1929) Bryozoa. The Norwegian Northern Polar Expedition with the " Maud " 1918 - 1925. Scientific Results, 5, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1929">Nordgaard 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE17AA761B0FFAA1" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[499,632,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD65AA761BCBFAA1" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[641,700,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD21AA771A77FAA1" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[709,768,1302,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCEEAA761AD2FAA1" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[778,933,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref88494" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1994 a) Distribution and ecology of Bryozoa in the coastal waters of the Chuan Bay of the East Siberian Sea. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 47, 144 - 147. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1994">Gontar 1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC4BAA761D10FAA1" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[943,1127,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref87374" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (2011) Bryozoans of the East Siberian Sea: History of research and current knowledge of diversity. In: Wyse Jackson, P. N. & Spencer Jones, M. E. (Eds.), Annals of Bryozoology 3: Aspects of the History of Research on Bryozoans. International Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp. 1 - 15." type="book chapter" year="2011">Denisenko 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Chukchi Sea (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAF6AA761CEFFAA1" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1298,1432,1303,1329]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref91084" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1929) Die Bryozoen des sibirischen Eismeers. Raboty Murmanskoy Biologicheskoy Stantsii, 3, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1929">Kluge 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF73AA5A19A5FAC5" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[151,210,1339,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF39AA5B186FFAC5" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[221,280,1338,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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; Denisenko 2008;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE0EAA5A1A40FAC5" author="Denisenko, N. V. & Kuklinski, P." box="[490,823,1339,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="35 - 50" refId="ref87596" refString="Denisenko, N. V. & Kuklinski, P. (2008) Historical development of research and current state of bryozoan diversity in the Chukchi Sea. In: Wyse Jackson, P. N. & Spencer Jones, M. E. (Eds.), Annals of Bryozoology 2: Aspects of the History of Research on Bryozoans. International Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp. 35 - 50." type="book chapter" year="2008">Denisenko & Kuklinski 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCA7AA5A1AA3FAC5" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[835,980,1339,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="139 - 155" refId="ref88624" refString="Gontar, V. I. (2010) Benthic fauna of the Bryozoa in Chukchi Sea. Vestnik Ecologii, Lesovedeniya i Landschaftovedeniya, 10, 139 - 155. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="2010">Gontar 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
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), western
|
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|
<collectingCountry id="F337D2F20B75337FFBA2AA5A1DCCFAC5" box="[1094,1211,1339,1365]" name="Greenland" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
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|
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(
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB2DAA5A1C26FAC5" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1225,1361,1339,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAB9AA5B1CEFFAC5" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[1373,1432,1338,1365]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF73AA3E18BCFAE9" author="Denisenko, N. V. & Blicher, M. E." box="[151,459,1375,1401]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="73" refId="ref87545" refString="Denisenko, N. V. & Blicher, M. E. (2021) Bryozoan diversity, biogeographic patterns and distribution in Greenland waters. Marine Biodiversity, 51, 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 021 - 01213 - 9" type="journal article" year="2021">Denisenko & Blicher 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
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), eastern
|
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|
|
<collectingCountry id="F337D2F20B75337FFDD2AA3E1BDCFAE9" box="[566,683,1375,1401]" name="Greenland" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
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|
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(
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD5EAA3E1A12FAE9" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[698,869,1375,1401]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="432 - 472" refId="ref92264" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1916) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordostkyst 1906 - 1908. Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 432 - 472." type="journal article" year="1916">Levinsen 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC96AA3E1DD2FAE9" author="Denisenko, N. V. & Blicher, M. E." box="[882,1189,1375,1401]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="73" refId="ref87545" refString="Denisenko, N. V. & Blicher, M. E. (2021) Bryozoan diversity, biogeographic patterns and distribution in Greenland waters. Marine Biodiversity, 51, 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 021 - 01213 - 9" type="journal article" year="2021">Denisenko & Blicher 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Spitsbergen (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAA9AA3E1865FA0D" author="Gontar, V. I. & Hop, H. & Voronkov, A. Yu." pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="187 - 204" refId="ref88781" refString="Gontar, V. I., Hop, H. & Voronkov, A. Yu. (2001) Diversity and distribution of Bryozoa in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Polish Polar Research, 22, 187 - 204." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
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|
|
Gontar
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFF73AAE219BEFA0D" box="[151,201,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
|
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|
|
. 2001
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
; Kuklinski 2009), and Franz Josef Land (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD06AAE21AE8FA0D" author="Denisenko, N. V." box="[738,927,1411,1437]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref87292" refString="Denisenko, N. V. (1990) Distribution and ecology of Bryozoa of the Barents Sea. Kolsky Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Appatity, USSR, 156 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1990">Denisenko 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
). In the northwestern Atlantic,
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B75337FFB1FAAE21C07FA0D" baseAuthorityName="Kluge" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1275,1392,1411,1437]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFB1FAAE21C7BFA0C" box="[1275,1292,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFAFEAAE21C07FA0D" box="[1306,1392,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sibirica</emphasis>
|
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|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has been reported from St Lawrence Gulf (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFDB6AAC61BACFA51" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[594,731,1447,1473]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref91342" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962) Bryozoa of the northern Seas of the USSR. Identification Keys on the Fauna of the USSR, 76, 1 - 584. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD03AAC71A57FA51" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[743,800,1446,1473]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref91415" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1975) Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 711 pp." type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
) and Gulf of Maine (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFBF7AAC61DDBFA51" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[1043,1196,1447,1473]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="291 - 385" refId="ref93738" refString="Osburn, R. C. (1933) Bryozoa of the Mount Desert Region. In: Procter, W. (Ed.), Biological Survey of the Mount Desert Region. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 291 - 385." type="book chapter" year="1933">Osburn 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In the northwestern Pacific, it has been documented in the northern part of the Bering Sea from St Lawrence Island, Provideniya Bay, Anadyr Gulf, Navarin Cape (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE07AA8E1B1BF999" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[483,620,1519,1545]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Grischenko 2002;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCAFAA8E1AAAF999" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[843,989,1519,1545]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref88662" refString="Gontar, V. I. (2013) Bryozoa of the Providence Bay of the Bering Sea. GISAP: Biology, Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Science, 2, 30 - 33. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2013">Gontar 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), along eastern Kamchatka in the Litke Strait (our data), Africa Cape, Avacha Gulf (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD77A9721A6AF9BD" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[659,797,1555,1581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Grischenko 2002), and around the Commander Islands (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF7BA9561836F9C1" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[159,321,1591,1617]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref91614" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1997) Phylum Tentaculata, subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin, O. G., Ivanova, M. B. & Tsurpalo, A. P. (Eds.), A check-list of Animals, Plants and Fungi from the Intertidal Zone of Far Eastern Seas of Russia. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 119 - 125. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFEA8A9561B7AF9C1" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[332,525,1591,1617]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref89452" refString="Grischenko, A. V. (1997) Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Rzhavsky, A. V. (Ed.), Benthic Flora and Fauna of the Shelf Zone of the Commander Islands. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 153 - 192. [in Russian with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, 2002, 2003b;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFD4AA9561D6CF9C1" author="Grischenko, A. V. & Ivanyushina, E. A." box="[686,1051,1591,1617]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref90118" refString="Grischenko, A. V. & Ivanyushina, E. A. (2002) Hermatypic Bryozoa of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Tokranov, A. M. (Ed.), Conservation of Biodiversity of Kamchatka and Coastal Waters: Materials of the 3 rd Scientific Conference. KamchatNIRO, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, pp. 32 - 35. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2002">Grischenko & Ivanyushina 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); in the Sea of Okhotsk at Zavjalov Island (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF0FA93A18E5F9E6" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[235,402,1627,1654]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="30 - 35" refId="ref91578" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1976) Intertidal Bryozoa of Zavyalov Island (Sea of Okhotsk). Biologiya Morya, 1, 30 - 35. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1976">Kubanin 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), southwestern Kamchatka, Penzhinskaya, Gizhiginskaya, Yamskaya and Tauyskaya Inlets, Okhotsk, Ayan (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFEADA91E189AF909" author="Kubanin, A. A." box="[329,493,1663,1689]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref91614" refString="Kubanin, A. A. (1997) Phylum Tentaculata, subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin, O. G., Ivanova, M. B. & Tsurpalo, A. P. (Eds.), A check-list of Animals, Plants and Fungi from the Intertidal Zone of Far Eastern Seas of Russia. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 119 - 125. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); eastern coast of southern Sakhalin Island (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC37A91E1D2DF909" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[979,1114,1663,1689]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB81A91E1C5FF909" author="Kluge, G. A. & Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[1125,1320,1662,1689]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="173 - 256" refId="ref91442" refString="Kluge, G. A., Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1959) Class Bryozoa. The list of marine fauna of the southern Sakhalin and southern Kuril Islands. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 6, 173 - 256. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
Kluge
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFB4BA91E1DA8F909" box="[1199,1247,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Sakhalin Gulf, Shantar Archipelago (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFE2AA9C21B20F92E" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[462,599,1699,1726]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Kuril Islands (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCE9A9C21AA1F92D" author="Kluge, G. A. & Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G." box="[781,982,1698,1725]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="173 - 256" refId="ref91442" refString="Kluge, G. A., Androsova, E. I. & Gostilovskaya, M. G. (1959) Class Bryozoa. The list of marine fauna of the southern Sakhalin and southern Kuril Islands. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 6, 173 - 256. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
Kluge
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9544E700B75337FFCBFA9C21AFAF92D" box="[859,909,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFC07A9C21D1DF92D" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[995,1130,1699,1725]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFB92A9C21D8CF92D" author="Lukin, V. I." box="[1142,1275,1699,1725]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="11 - 60" refId="ref92381" refString="Lukin, V. I. (1979) Macrobenthic communities of the upper subtidal zone off Simushir Island. In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), Biology of the Shelf of the Kuril Islands. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, pp. 11 - 60. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1979">Lukin 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFAECA9C21CEFF92D" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[1288,1432,1699,1725]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="234 - 248" refId="ref88158" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1979) Bryozoa of the order Cheilostomata in shallow water off Simushir Island. In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), Biology of the Shelf of the Kuril Islands. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, pp. 234 - 248 [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1979">Gontar 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF73A9A619A5F971" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[151,210,1735,1761]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref88216" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1980) Bryozoan Fauna of the Order Cheilostomata of the Kuril Islands Coastal Waters. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR, 226 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFF39A9A61850F972" author="Gontar, V. I." box="[221,295,1735,1762]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="200 - 203" refId="ref88450" refString="Gontar, V. I. (1993 b) Phylum Bryozoa. List of invertebrate species of the continental slope of the Kuril Islands. Exploration of the Fauna of the Seas, 46, 200 - 203. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1993">1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and in the Sea of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F337D2F20B75337FFE1BA9A61B48F971" box="[511,575,1735,1761]" name="Japan" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
from Tatar Strait (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B75337FFCEBA9A61AEFF972" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[783,920,1735,1762]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="118 - 143" refId="ref91300" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1961) Species list of Bryozoa of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Explorations of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR, 7, 118 - 143. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1961">Kluge 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The only northeastern Pacific record is from Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, western Aleutians (our data).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
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|
|
</document>
|