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dc:creator "Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigues De" ;
dc:title "Gymnura sereti Carvalho 2017, sp. nov." ;
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bibo:endPage "74" ;
bibo:issue "1" ;
bibo:journal "Zootaxa" ;
bibo:pubDate "2017-10-12" ;
bibo:startPage "1" ;
bibo:volume "4332" ;
dc:creator "Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigues De" ;
dc:date "2017" ;
dc:title "Taxonomic and morphological revision of butterfly rays of the Gymnura micrura (Bloch & Schneider 1801) species complex, with the description of two new species (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae)" ;
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dwc:authority "Carvalho, 2017" ;
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dwc:authorityYear "2017" ;
dwc:class "Elasmobranchii" ;
dwc:family "Gymnuridae" ;
dwc:genus "Gymnura" ;
dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
dwc:order "Myliobatiformes" ;
dwc:phylum "Chordata" ;
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dwc:genus "Pteroplatea" ;
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dwc:phylum "Chordata" ;
dwc:rank "species" ;
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<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052109>
dc:description "FIGURE 34. Ventral lateral line system. A) Gymnura micrura (RN F 43, female, 339 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (NCSM 49395, female, 292 mm DW); C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (FLMNH 29993, juvenile male, 290 mm DW). Subpleural tubules omitted. Canals on the left side not shown in their entirety. Differences between species observed in the pictures but not mentioned in the text were not considered consistent enough to be diagnostic. Colors: red, hyomandibular canal; green, infraorbital canal; brown, supraorbital canal; blue, nasal canal; yellow, prenasal canal. inl, innernasal loop; lh, lateral hook; pl, prenasal loop; spl, subpleural loop." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052109/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052113>
dc:description "FIGURE 36. Outline of dorsal cranial fontanelle, dorsal view. A) Gymnura micrura (ANSP 120086, 185 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (USNM 155734, 336 mm DW); C D) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (C. BMNH 1963.8. 9.3, 337 mm DW; D. FMNH 118133, 368 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052113/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052115>
dc:description "FIGURE 37. Hyomandibula in lateral view. A) Gymnura micrura (MZUSP 122988); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (paratype, USNM 440342). C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (BMNH 1963.8. 9.3, CT-Scan image)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052115/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052117>
dc:description "FIGURE 38. Mandibular arches, radiograph, dorsoventral view. A) Gymnura micrura (USNM 222622, 323 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (USNM 25452, 390 mm DW) C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 193741, 383 mm DW). Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; hyo, hyomandibula; mc, Meckels cartilage; pq, palatoquadrate; tb, tooth band. Black arrows indicate the most convex dorsal portion of the palatoquadrate; white arrow indicates the furrow at the ventral border of palatoquadrate of G. lessae." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052117/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052125>
dc:description "FIGURE 42. Synarcual cartilage (radiograph, dorsolateral view). A) Gymnura micrura (USNM 222622, 323 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (SU 14336, 312 mm DW); C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 193741, 383 mm DW). Abbreviations: assp, articular surface for scapular process; isv, intersynarcual vertebrae; lap, lateral anterior process; ls, lateral stay; mdc, medial crest; op, odontoid process; sc, suprasynarcual cartilage; snf, spinal nerve foramina; sp, scapular process; scp, scapulocoracoid. Arrows indicate the point where the synarcual base projects laterally and extends posteriorly." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052125/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052127>
dc:description "FIGURE 43. Scapulocoracoid, lateral view. A) Gymnura micrura; B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (BMNH 1930.3. 24.4, 236 mm DW, CT-Scan image); D) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (BMNH 1963.8. 9.3, 337 mm DW, CT- Scan image). Abbreviations: adf, anterodorsal fenestra; avf, anteroventral fenestra; fo, foramina; msc, mesocondyle; mtc, metacondyle; pc, procondyle; pdf, postdorsal fenestra; pvf, postventral fenestra." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052127/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052129>
dc:description "FIGURE 44. Scapulocoracoid (radiograph, dorsoventral view). A) Gymnura micrura (USNM 222622, 323 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (CSIRO H 7511.01, 363 mm DW); C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 193741, 383 mm DW). Abbreviations: adf, anterodorsal fenestra; avf, anteroventral fenestra; co, coracoid cartilage; fmes, fragments of mesopterygium; mes 1, mesopterygium 1; mes 2, mesopterygium 2; met, metapterygium; msc, mesocondyle; mtc, metacondyle; pc, procondyle; pdf, postdorsal fenestra; pro, propterygium; S, synarcual; ssc, suprascapular cartilage." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052129/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052133>
dc:description "FIGURE 46. Radiograph of head region (dorsoventral view) showing the arching of propterygium and shape of the inner space between propterygia (black line). A) Gymnura micrura (USNM 222622, 323 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (CSIRO H 7511.01, 363 mm DW); C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 193741, 383 mm DW). Abbreviations: anto, antorbital cartilage; f, fontanelle; mc, Meckels cartilage; mes, mesopterygium; nc, nasal capsule; pq, palatoquadrate; pro, propterygium; rad, radials; scp, scapulocoracoid; S, synarcual." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052133/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052137>
dc:description "FIGURE 48. Pelvic girdle and pelvic fin (radiography, dorsoventral view). A) Gymnura micrura (USNM 222622, 323 mm DW); B) Gymnura lessae, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 51940, 420 mm DW); C) Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (holotype, USNM 193741, 383 mm DW). Abbreviations: bpt, basipterygium; ip, iliac process; isp, isquial process; lpp, lateral prepelvic process; of, obturator foramina; pb, puboischiadic bar; ppp, medial prepelvic process; ppv, pelvic propterygium; rad, radials." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052137/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052085>
dc:description "FIGURE 22. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of holotype of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (USNM 193741, adult male, 383 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052085/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052087>
dc:description "FIGURE 23. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (paratype, USNM 193896, adult male, 338 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052087/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052089>
dc:description "FIGURE 24. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (paratype, USNM 279558, female, 289 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052089/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052099>
dc:description "FIGURE 29. Clasper of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. A) Illustration in dorsal view, right clasper, showing external morphology; B) Radiograph dorsoventral view (holotype, USNM 193741), showing skeleton. Abbreviations: ap, apopyle; at, accessory terminal cartilage; ax, axial cartilage; B, beta cartilage; b 1, first basal segment; b 2, second basal segment; cg, clasper groove; dp, dorsal pseudosiphon; DT 1, dorsal terminal 1 cartilage; DT 2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; hpp, hypopyle; pf, pelvic fin; VM, ventral marginal cartilage; vp, ventral pseudosiphon; VT, ventral terminal cartilage." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052099/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052101>
dc:description "FIGURE 30. Dorsal color variation in Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. A F) Variation in vermiculate color pattern; B, D and F are amplifications of the white squares in A, C and E (A. SMF 3992, 284 mm DW; C. MNHN 1989 - 1215, 468 mm DW; E. MNHN 1989 - 1240, 432 mm DW); G) Dorsal view of anterolateral disc region showing light bands on outer anterior margin of disc (FMNH 188133, 368 mm DW); H) Specimen with round white spots on back (paratype, MNHN 1989 - 1229, 324 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052101/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052103>
dc:description "FIGURE 31. Tail color in Gymnura sereti, sp. nov., dorsal view A) Tail cross-banded (FLMNH 29993, 512 mm DW); B) Tail cross-banded, presenting a black dot between the black bands (MNHN 1989 - 1232, 730 mm DW); C) Tail of a larger specimen, with the bands less distinct (MNHN 1989 - 1217, 535 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052103/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052091>
dc:description "FIGURE 25. Specimens of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov., in dorsal view. A) Adult male, 432 mm DW (MNHN 1989 - 1240); B) Paratype, gravid female, 665 mm DW (MNHN 1989 - 1225); C) Juvenile male, 290 mm DW (FLMNH 29993); D) Juvenile female, 267 mm DW (ZMB 8868)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052091/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052093>
dc:description "FIGURE 26. Ventral view of pelvic fin of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. A) Male (MNHN 1989 - 1240, 432 mm DW); B) Female (paratype, MNHN 1989 - 1225, 665 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052093/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052095>
dc:description "FIGURE 27. Dorsal view of head of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. (paratype, MNHN 1989 - 1216, 500 mm DW)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052095/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052097>
dc:description "FIGURE 28. Morphological details of sereti, sp. nov. A) Ventral view of head (paratype, USNM 193896, 338 mm DW); B) Detail showing lower lip with medial region moderately concave (MNHN 1985 - 217, 297 mm DW); C) Detail showing lower lip with medial region strongly concave (MB 2297, 490 mm DW); D) Detail showing lower lip with prominent knobs (AMNH 9897, 560 mm DE); E) Lower tooth, labial face (modified from Cappetta, 1984, pl. 1, fig. 9)." ;
fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/1052097/files/figure.png> ;
a fabio:Figure .
<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1052105>
dc:description "FIGURE 32. Map showing geographical distribution of Gymnura sereti, sp. nov. Black star represent approximate locality of holotype, red circles represent approximate localities of material examined in the present study. Localities may represent more than one specimen. Abbreviations: SE, Senegal; GUI, Guinea-Bissau; IC, Ivory Coast, NI, Nigeria; GA, Gabon; ANG, Angola." ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "USNM 193741" ;
dwc:collectionCode "USNM" ;
dwc:eventDate "1953-01-06" ;
dwc:locality "River" ;
dwc:typeStatus "holotype" ;
dwc:verbatimElevation "10" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715431" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "USNM 279558" ;
dwc:collectionCode "USNM" ;
dwc:eventDate "1986-02" ;
dwc:locality "Sierra Leone" ;
dwc:recordedBy "G. Naylor" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715442" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1229" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:eventDate "1979-03" ;
dwc:locality "Ivory Coast" ;
dwc:recordedBy "Campagne Chalci & Andre Nizery & Camp. Chalci" ;
dwc:verbatimElevation "15" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "5.0830555" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-3.8" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715451" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "FLMNH 176854" ;
dwc:collectionCode "FLMNH" ;
dwc:locality "Djifere" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715440" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1214" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Saloum river" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715434" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1215" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Saloum river" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1217" ;
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dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989- 1218" ;
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dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1223" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
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dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715439" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1224" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Saloum river" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "15.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-18.0" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715445" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1232" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Cacheu" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "12.2" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-16.166666" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715449" ;
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dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Cacheu" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "12.2" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-16.166945" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715438" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "FLMNH 29993" ;
dwc:collectionCode "FLMNH" ;
dwc:locality "River" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "8.575" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-13.1" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715452" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "BMNH 1911.6" ;
dwc:collectionCode "BMNH" ;
dwc:locality "Axim" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715433" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "USNM 222623" ;
dwc:collectionCode "USNM" ;
dwc:locality "Gold Coast" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "6.3" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-10.816667" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715465" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1219" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Ivory Coast" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "5.0830555" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "-3.8" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715454" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "BMNH 1930.3" ;
dwc:collectionCode "BMNH" ;
dwc:locality "Accra" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715456" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "BMNH 1930.8" ;
dwc:collectionCode "BMNH" ;
dwc:locality "Accra" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715459" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "USNM 222600" ;
dwc:collectionCode "USNM" ;
dwc:locality "Teshie Bay" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715455" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1989-1244" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Togo" ;
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dwc:verbatimLongitude "0.016666668" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1967-0737" ;
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dwc:verbatimLatitude "6.3169446" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "0.033333335" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715460" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1985-0217" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Nigeria" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "3.8330555" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "0.1" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715466" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "USNM 198011" ;
dwc:collectionCode "USNM" ;
dwc:locality "Lagos" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715458" ;
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dwc:collectionCode "ZMH" ;
dwc:locality "Duala" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "MNHN 1985-0237" ;
dwc:collectionCode "MNHN" ;
dwc:locality "Gabon" ;
dwc:verbatimLatitude "0.0" ;
dwc:verbatimLongitude "0.083333336" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715464" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "FMNH 188133" ;
dwc:collectionCode "FMNH" ;
dwc:locality "Baia Farta" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715463" ;
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dwc:catalogNumber "ZMB 8868" ;
dwc:collectionCode "ZMB" ;
dwc:locality "Loango Coast" ;
trt:gbifOccurrenceId "1671715462" ;
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