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@prefix cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> .
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@prefix dwc: <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/> .
@prefix dwcFP: <http://filteredpush.org/ontologies/oa/dwcFP#> .
@prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
@prefix trt: <http://plazi.org/vocab/treatment#> .
@prefix xlink: <http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/> .

<http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE605F66CB5B5078A68A185AA9D27B99>
    cito:cites <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure3>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure5>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure8>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure14>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure17>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure18>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure20>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure22>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure25>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure26>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure30>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure29>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure28> ;
    dc:creator "Angus, Robert B.; Maté, Jason F.; Angus, Elizabeth M.; Král, David" ;
    dc:title "Aphodius (Liothorax) kraatzi Harold 1868" ;
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<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225>
    bibo:endPage "299" ;
    bibo:journal "ZooKeys" ;
    bibo:pubDate "2024-07-22" ;
    bibo:startPage "205" ;
    bibo:volume "1207" ;
    dc:creator "Angus, Robert B.; Maté, Jason F.; Angus, Elizabeth M.; Král, David" ;
    dc:date "2024" ;
    dc:title "Towards a revision of the Palaearctic species of Aphodius Hellwig, 1798, subgenus Liothorax Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Aphodiinae)" ;
    fabio:hasPart <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure3>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure5>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure8>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure14>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure17>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure18>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure20>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure22>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure25>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure26>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure30>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure29>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure28> ;
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<http://taxon-concept.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Aphodius_kraatzi_Harold_1868>
    dwc:authority "Harold, 1868", "Harold, 1868: 84" ;
    dwc:authorityName "Harold" ;
    dwc:authorityPageNumber "84" ;
    dwc:authorityYear "1868" ;
    dwc:class "Insecta" ;
    dwc:family "Scarabaeidae" ;
    dwc:genus "Aphodius" ;
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:order "Coleoptera" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "species" ;
    dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Harold, 1868" ;
    dwc:species "kraatzi" ;
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<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Aphodius_Liothorax>
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    dwc:subGenus "Liothorax" ;
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<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure3>
    dc:description "Figure 3. a – i whole beetles a, b A. kraatzi a AF, Kabul, ♀ b KZ, Kyzil Kum c, d A. isikdagensis, TR, Ḉamildere c ♂ paratype d ♀ paratype e – g A. alberti sp. nov., TR. Rize, Ovitdagi e holotype ♂ f paratype ♂ g paratype ♀ h A. alberti?, ♂, AR, Armenia i A. isikdagensis?, ♂, TR, Artvin. Scale bar: 1 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097461> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure5>
    dc:description "Figure 5. a – p A. plagiatus group, heads and pronota a – c A. plagiatus plagiatus a GB, Norfolk b CZ, Moravia, Dobre Pole c RU, St Petersburg d A. p. sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., paratype, CH, Qinghai, Gangca e – g A. discoides e neotype IS Kuneitra f TR, Kyzil Dag g Turkey Muş h A. discoides, black ♂, TR, Karakurt i – k A. rutilipennis i A. ressli, holotype, TR, Hatay j CY, Akrotiri k A. cypricola, holotype, CY l A. chellala sp. nov., holotype, AG, Chellala m A. rusakovi, paratype ♂, RU, Orenburg n A. ballerioi sp. nov., paratype ♂, TR, Rize o, p L. kraatzi o RU, Astrakhan p SR. Scale bar: 1 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097463> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure8>
    dc:description "Figure 8. a – k epipharynxes a, b A. kraatzi, SV c, d A. isikdagensis paratypes, TR, Ḉamildere e, f A. felix sp. nov., paratypes g, h A. bameuli paratypes i A. alberti?, AR j A. krelli sp. nov., paratype k, l A. alberti sp. nov., paratypes. Scale bar: 0.5 mm" ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097467> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure14>
    dc:description "Figure 14. Aphodius plagiatus group, pronotal bases 2 a A. discoides, TR b A. kraatzi, SK c L. rusakovi, paratype, RU, Volgograd oblast’." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097474> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure17>
    dc:description "Figure 17. Elytral sculpture of interstices 2 or 3 a – z stacked photographs a A. plagiatus plagiatus, CZ, Moravia b, c A. p. sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., paratypes, CH b Gangca, Qinghai c Gansu d A. rutilipennis (A. ressli, holotype), TR, Hatay e A. chellala sp. nov., holotype f A. rusakovi, paratype, RU, Orenburg g, h A. discoides g neotype, IS, Kuneitra h TR, Kizildag i A. discoides, black specimen, TR, Karakurt j A. kraatzi, SK k A. isikdagensis, paratype, TR, Ḉamildere l, m A. niger, Sweden, Södermanland, Tullgarn n – q A. muscorum, HU n holotype, Vörös-tó o Hortobágyi p, q Kisjúszállás r, s A. niger? r CZ, Hradec Králové s CZ, České Budějovice t A. muscorum? SK, Bol u A. bellumgerens sp. nov., paratype, IT, Sicily v A. felix sp. nov., paratype, IT w A. wilsonae, paratype, SP x A. bameuli sp. nov., paratype, FR, Corsica y A. krelli sp. nov., paratype, IT, Sardinia z A. alberti sp. nov., paratype, TR, Rize, Ovitdag. a’ – c ’ A. plagiatus, at higher magnification a ’, c ’ stacked photographs a ”, c ” SEM images a ’, a ” A. p. sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., CH, Gansu c ”, c ’ A. p. plagiatus, CZ, Moravia. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097480> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure18>
    dc:description "Figure 18. Legs a – h A. plagiatus group, stacked photographs mid tarsi and apical portions of tibiae a A. plagiatus sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., paratype, CH, Gangca, Qinghai b A. rodrigoi sp. nov. holotype, SP, Aranjuez c A. rutilipennis (A. ressli, holotype), TR, Hatay d A. chellala sp. nov., holotype, AG, Chellala e A. discoides, neotype, IS, Keneitra f, g A. kraatzi f SV g RU, Karasuk, W. Siberia h A. rusakovi, paratype ♂, RU, Orenburg i – t A. niger group, mid tarsi, and tibial apices i – o SEM images p – t stacked photographs i A. niger, Sweden, Södermanland, Tullgarn j A. muscorum, HU, Hortobágyi k, l A. bameuli sp. nov., paratypes, FR, Corsica m, n A. krelli sp. nov., paratypes, IT, Sardinia o A. wilsonae, paratype SP p, q A. felix sp. nov, IT, Abruzzo, Campo Felice p paratype q holotype r A. bellumgerens sp. nov., paratype, IT, Sicily s A. isikdagensis, paratype, TR, Ḉamildere t A. alberti sp. nov., holotype, TR, Rize, Ovitdag u, v fore tibiae and tarsi of ♂♂ to show the spur. u A. bameuli sp. nov., paratype, FR, Corsica v A. rusakovi, paratype, RU, Orenburg w, x apex of hind tibia to show the short spines w A. muscorum, HU x A. wilsonae, paratype, SP. Scale bar: 1 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097482> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure20>
    dc:description "Figure 20. Metaventrites, A. plagiatus group a A. plagiatus plagiatus, GB, Studland, ♂ b A. p. sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., paratype, CH, Gansu, ♀ c, d A. rutilipennis, CY c ♂ d ♀ e, f A. chellala sp. nov., paratypes, AG e ♂ f ♀ g, h A. kraatzi, RU, Orenburg, ♂ i A. kraatzi, SK, ♀ j A. rodrigoi sp. nov., holotype, ♂, SP, Provinicia de Madrid, Aranjuez k, l A. discoides k neotype ♂, IS, Kuneitra l TR, ♀ m, n A. rusakovi m paratype, ♂, RU, Orenburg n ♀ RU, Volgograd oblast’. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097486> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure22>
    dc:description "Figure 22. Aphodius plagiatus group aedeagi a – c A. plagiatus plagiatus, GB, Studland, Dorset, aedeagus with extruded endophallus a, b SEM images a whole aedeagus b endophallus in more detail c stacked photograph of endophallus d – g A. discoides, neotype (Aphodius bytinskisalzi, holotype, IS, Kuneitra) d, e, e ’ SEM images f, g stacked photographs h – n cleared preparations mounted on slides h A. p. plagiatus, GB, Norfolk i A. p. sinoplagiatus? “ China, Pekin ”, Fry collection i ’ teeth on neck of endophallus in the region marked with an arrow in i j, k A. plagiatus sinoplagiatus ssp. nov., paratypes j CH, Gangca k CH, Tsaidam l Aphodius jakutorum Balthasar, lectotype, RU, East Siberia m A. rodrigoi sp. nov., holotype, SP, Aranjuez, dissected aedeagus m ’ endophallus m ” endophallic teeth in area indicated by arrow in m ’ at higher magnification n A. discoides, TR, Karacadag n ’ teeth on neck of endophallus, in area indicated by arrow in n at higher magnification o A. discoides, black specimen from TR, Karakurt, o ’ teeth on neck of endophallus, in area indicated by arrow in o at higher magnification p, p ’ A. rusakovi p paratype, RU, Orenburg p ’ RU Volgograd obl. Fastov, paramere, lateral q – v SEM images and stacked photographs q, r A. rutilipennis, CY, with endophallus inflated q SEM image q ’ (bottom right of plate) dorsal surface of endophallus in area indicated by arrow in q at higher magnification, to show the hair-like setae r stacked photograph of the same specimen s, s ’ A. chellala sp. nov., paratype with endophallus extruded s stacked photograph s ’, s ”, s ” ’ SEMs of the same specimen s ”, s ” ’ at higher magnifications t, u L. chellala sp. nov., holotype with the endophallus extruded t stacked photograph u SEM image v – z photographs of cleared specimens mounted in DMHF on slides v, w A. rutilipennis v CY w TR w ’ teeth on neck of endophallus, in area indicated by arrow in w at higher magnification x A. chellala sp. nov., paratype, AG, Taguin (La Smala) x ’ teeth on neck of endophallus, in area indicated by arrow in x at higher magnification y, z A. kraatzi y KZ, Syr Darya z AF, Kabul z ’ teeth on neck of endophallus, in area indicated by arrow in z at higher magnification Scale bar 1: 1 mm (a, d, f – t, v – z); 0.4 mm (n ’, o ’, s ”, w ’, x ’, z ’); 0.17 mm (e ’, m ”, q’ s ” ’). Scale bar 2: 1 mm (b, c, e, g and s ”)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097490> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure25>
    dc:description "Figure 25. Aedeagal encasements (9 th abdominal sternite) a A. niger, GB, Hampshire, New Forest b A. muscorum, HU, Hortobagyi c A. felix sp. nov., IT, Campo Felice d A. alberti sp. nov., TU, Ovit Dağı e A. bellumgerens sp. nov., IT, Sicily, Piano Battaglia f A. bameuli sp. nov., FR, Corsica, Haute-Corse g A. wilsonae, SP, Cantabria, Corconte h A. kraatzi, RU, Chita Reg. i A. plagiatus, UK, Norfolk, Hunstanton j A. plagiatus, CN, Beijing k A. rodrigoi sp. nov., SP, Madrid, Aranjuez l A. chellala sp. nov., AG, Chellala, paratype m A. rutilipennis sp. nov., CY, Konakli, paratype n A. discoides sp. nov., paratype. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097496> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure26>
    dc:description "Figure 26. Spermathecae a – e A. plagiatus plagiatus a CZ, Dobre Pole b GB, Norfolk c KZ, Karaganda d, e RU, Transbaikal, Ulan Ude f, g A. p. sinoplagiatus, CN f Gansu g holotype, CN, Qinghai h, i A. discoides, TR h Kizil dag, i Muʂ j A. rutilipennis CY, Limassol distr k A. rutilipennis?, GR Thesaloniki l A. chellala, paratype, AG, Chellala m, n A. rusakovi m paratype, RU, wet but not covered n KZ, Syr-Darja o – s A. kraatzi o, p SK q RU, Astrakhan r RU, Lenkoran s AF, Kabul t A. niger, GB, Hampshire, New Forest u A. muscorum HU, Hortobágyi v A felix, paratype, IT w, x A. bameuli, paratypes, FR y A. krelli, sp. nov., IT z A. bellumgerens sp. nov., paratype, IT a ’, b ’ A. alberti sp. nov., TR paratypes c ’ A. isikdagensis, paratype, TR Ḉamildere d ’, e ’ A. wilsonae, SP d ’ paratype, SP, Madrid e ’ SP, Soria. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097499> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure30>
    dc:description "Figure 30. Mitotic chromosomes, arranged as karyotypes a, b A. plagiatus plagiatus, ♂, GB, Dorset, Studland a plain (Giemsa stained) b the same nucleus C-banded c A. plagiatus sinoplagiatus, ♂, CH, Qinghai, Gangca, plain d, e A. rutilipennis, ♂, CY, Zakaki Marshes d plain e C-banded f – h A. kraatzi ♀, SK f, g nucleus without B-chromosomes f plain g C-banded h, i nucleus with 1 B-chromosome h plain i C-banded. Scale bar: 5 μm." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097512> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure29>
    dc:description "Figure 29. a distribution of niger - group taxa in Western and Central Europe b distribution of Liothorax species in Central and Eastern Palearctic c distribution of plagiatus - group species in Central and Eastern Palearctic. The record of isikdagensis with the question mark indicates a doubtful specimen from Artvin Çam, TR (Ziani Coll)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097509> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1207.117225.figure28>
    dc:description "Figure 28. Habitat pictures a A. plagiatus, RU, Pavlosk Park b A. rodrigoi sp. nov., SP, Toledo, Quero c A. p. sinoplagiatus, CN, Tibet, Ganca d A. kraatzi, RU, Astrakhan oblast’ e A. alberti sp. nov., TU, Ovit Dağı (photograph Copyright Yunus Yasuv) f A. felix sp. nov., IT, Campo Felice." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1097505> ;
    a fabio:Figure .