@prefix rdf: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix bibo: . @prefix cito: . @prefix dc: . @prefix dwc: . @prefix dwcFP: . @prefix fabio: . @prefix trt: . @prefix xlink: . cito:cites , , , , ; dc:creator "Galea, Horia R.; Gioia Di Camillo, Cristina; Maggioni, Davide; Montano, Simone; Schuchert, Peter" ; dc:title "Halopteris polymorpha" ; dwc:basisOfRecord , , , , , , ; trt:augmentsTaxonConcept ; trt:citesTaxonName , , , , ; trt:deprecates , , , , , ; trt:publishedIn ; a trt:Treatment . bibo:endPage "59" ; bibo:issue "1" ; bibo:journal "Revue suisse de Zoologie" ; bibo:pubDate "2018-03-31" ; bibo:startPage "21" ; bibo:volume "125" ; dc:creator "Galea, Horia R.; Gioia Di Camillo, Cristina; Maggioni, Davide; Montano, Simone; Schuchert, Peter" ; dc:date "2018" ; dc:title "A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913) (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species" ; fabio:hasPart , , , , ; a fabio:JournalArticle . dwc:authority "(Billard, 1913)" ; dwc:baseAuthorityName "Billard" ; dwc:baseAuthorityYear "1913" ; dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "(Billard, 1913)" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authority "Billard, 1913" ; dwc:authorityName "Billard, 1913 Billard" ; dwc:authorityYear "1913" ; dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Billard, 1913 Billard, 1913" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authorityName "Vervoort" ; dwc:authorityYear "1941" ; dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Antennella" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Vervoort, 1941" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authority "(Gmelin, 1791)" ; dwc:authorityName "Vervoort" ; dwc:authorityYear "1967" ; dwc:baseAuthorityName "Gmelin" ; dwc:baseAuthorityYear "1791" ; dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Antennella" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "(Gmelin, 1791) Vervoort, 1967" ; dwc:species "secundaria" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authority "Billard, 1911: 66" ; dwc:authorityName "Billard" ; dwc:authorityPageNumber "66" ; dwc:authorityYear "1911" ; dwc:baseAuthorityName "Billard" ; dwc:baseAuthorityYear "1911" ; dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "(Billard, 1911)" ; dwc:species "nuttingi" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authorityName "Bale" ; dwc:authorityYear "1884" ; dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Bale, 1884" ; dwc:species "buskii" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:baseAuthorityName "Bale" ; dwc:baseAuthorityYear "1884" ; dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "(Bale, 1884)" ; dwc:species "buskii" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:rank "kingdom" ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:rank "kingdom" ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Magnoliopsida" ; dwc:family "Apiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Thecocarpus" ; dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:order "Apiales" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "polymorphus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Magnoliopsida" ; dwc:family "Apiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Thecocarpus" ; dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:order "Apiales" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Magnoliopsida" ; dwc:family "Apiaceae" ; dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:order "Apiales" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Magnoliopsida" ; dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:order "Apiales" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Magnoliopsida" ; dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:phylum "Tracheophyta" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Plantae" ; dwc:rank "kingdom" ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:family "Lagynidae" ; dwc:genus "Heterotheca" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Allogromiida" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:family "Lagynidae" ; dwc:genus "Heterotheca" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Allogromiida" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:family "Lagynidae" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Allogromiida" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Allogromiida" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Antennella" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "polymorpha" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Antennella" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:rank "kingdom" ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Dothideomycetes" ; dwc:family "Capnodiaceae" ; dwc:genus "Antennella" ; dwc:kingdom "Fungi" ; dwc:order "Capnodiales" ; dwc:phylum "Ascomycota" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "secundaria" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "nuttingi" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "buskii" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Hydrozoa" ; dwc:family "Plumulariidae" ; dwc:genus "Plumularia" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Leptothecata" ; dwc:phylum "Cnidaria" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "buski" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Monothalamea" ; dwc:family "Lagynidae" ; dwc:genus "Heterotheca" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Allogromiida" ; dwc:phylum "Foraminifera" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "buski" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "buskii" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Phaeophyceae" ; dwc:family "Stypocaulaceae" ; dwc:genus "Halopteris" ; dwc:kingdom "Chromista" ; dwc:order "Sphacelariales" ; dwc:phylum "Ochrophyta" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "buski" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dc:description "Fig. 1. Living colonies of Halopteris spp. showing their natural coloration. (A) H. polymorpha (Billard, 1913) from Bunaken, in situ (photo CGDC). (B, C) H. sibogae (Billard, 1913) from Bali, in situ. (D) H. vervoorti Galea, 2008 from the Maldives, ex situ (photo DM & SM). (E) H. australis sp. nov. from New Caledonia, in situ. (F) H. millardae sp. nov. from the Maldives, ex situ (photo DM & SM). Photos courtesy: N. & J-M. Bertot (B, C), E. Tardy (E)." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "Fig. 2. Preserved cormoids of Halopteris spp. showing differences in their appearance. (A): H. polymorpha (Billard, 1913), MHNG- INVE-97937. (B): H. sibogae (Billard, 1913), MHNG-INVE-97938. (C-E): H. vervoorti Galea, 2008 from Bali (MHNG- INVE-97952), Toliara (MHNG-INVE-98633) and Martinique (HRG-0897), respectively. (F): H. australis sp. nov. (MHNG- INVE-82742). (G): H. millardae sp. nov., MHNG-INVE-98634. (H): H. brasiliensis sp. nov., MHNG-INVE-37495, slide H12/37. Scale bar: 5 mm." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "Fig. 3. (A-K) Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913). Portions of stems (A, B) and proximal part of a cladium (C). Stem (D) and cladial (E, F) hydrothecae, the latter in frontal and lateral views, respectively. Nematothecae (G) cauline (G1), cladial (G2), mesial from cauline (G3) and cladial (G4) hydrothecae, laterals from cladial hydrothecae (G5-9), axillar from caulus (G10) and cladium (G11), and associated to the female gonotheca (G12, 13). Female (H, I) and male (J) gonothecae. Cnidome (K). (L-O) Halopteris sp. from Siboga Stn. 299, belonging to the syntype series of Plumularia polymorpha Billard, 1913. Cauline internode (L). Portion of a cladium (M), and the same much enlarged in frontal (N) and lateral (O) views. Specimens CDC004 (A, C, F), MHNG-INVE-97937 (B, D, E, G1-7, 10, 11, H, K), HRG-0421 (G8. 9, 12, 13, I, J), H.L. 1309 (L-O). Scale bars: 10 μm (K), 100 μm (D-G, L, N, O), 200 μm (H-J), 300 μm (A-C, M). ►" ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "Fig. 4. Halopteris sibogae (Billard, 1913). Portion of stem and proximal part of a cladium in frontal (B) and lateral (C) aspects. Hydrotheca in frontal (D) and lateral (E) views. Cladial nematothecae (F): from ahydrothecate internodes (F1-4), mesial (F5, 6), lateral (F7), single (F8) and paired (F9) axillar ones. Female (G) and male (H) gonothecae. Cnidome (I). Specimens MHNG- INVE-97938 (A-G, I), MHNG-INVE-97926 (H). Scale bars: 10 μm (F), 100 μm (D, E, I), 200 μm (G, H), 300 μm (A-C)." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "Fig 9. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Halopterididae species obtained with RAxML (GTR + G + I model) based on 547 bp positions (after Gblock treatment) of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%). For more details, see text and Appendix 2. Highlighted in yellow boxes are species discussed in the text, boxed in grey are other species clades with more than one sample, which permit to assess the intraspecific divergences observed in this family." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:collectionCode "MHNG" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "H. R. Galea" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054308" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:collectionCode "MNHG" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "G. Allard" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054326" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:collectionCode "HRG" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "G. Allard" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054303" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. G. Di Camillo" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054305" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. G. Di Camillo" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054320" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. G. Di Camillo" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054312" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:catalogNumber "CDC002, CDC003, CDC004, CDC005" ; dwc:eventDate "2003-01-09" ; dwc:locality "Bunaken National Marine Park" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. G. Di Camillo" ; dwc:verbatimElevation "20" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3391054314" ; a dwc:MaterialCitation .